NPDES Phase 2 Stormwater Management Plan Prepared For: Town of Trumbull Trumbull, Connecticut October 18, 2012 Introduction Tighe&Bond Section 1 Introduction 1.1 Program Background In 1990, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgated Phase I of its municipal stormwater program under the authority of the Clean Water Act (CWA). Phase I utilized National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit coverage to address stormwater runoff from large municipal separate storm sewer systems (MS4s) that served urbanized areas. The Stormwater Phase II Final Rule promulgated on December 8, 1999 requires MS4 operators in smaller urbanized areas to implement programs and practices aimed at controlling polluted stormwater runoff through the NPDES permit program. The EPA defines urbanized areas (UA) as “land comprising one or more places – central place(s) – and the adjacent densely settled surrounding area – urban fringe – that together have a residential population of at least 50,000 and an overall population density of at least 1,000 people per square mile”. Based upon this criteria, the Town of Trumbull is located entirely within an urbanized area. The program requires Phase II municipalities to develop a stormwater management plan outlining how the municipality intends to address the six minimum control measures set forth by EPA: ■ Public Education and Outreach ■ Public Involvement/Participation ■ Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination ■ Construction Site Stormwater Runoff Control ■ Post-Construction Stormwater Management in New Development and Redevelopment ■ Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations 1.2 Statewide General Permit The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (CTDEEP) administers NPDES permitting in Connecticut and has issued a General Permit for the Discharge of Stormwater from Small Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4). Most municipalities in the state are required to register for the MS4 permit since they have urbanized areas, including Trumbull. Please refer to Appendix A for a copy of the permit. The permit authorizes discharge of stormwater and certain non-stormwater discharges from or associated with regulated MS4s, provided that the activity is conducted in accordance with the conditions set forth in the permit. The registration is a two-part process. The first part consists of contact information for the MS4 operator, its consultants, and the waterbodies to which the MS4 discharges. The second part of the registration consists of Town of Trumbull Introduction Stormwater Management Plan 1-1 Introduction Tighe&Bond the plan, which includes information as to which stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) will be employed to fulfill each minimum control measure. Each BMP will include the name of the person responsible for ensuring the implementation of the BMP, the implementation schedule, and the measurable goals for the evaluation of the BMP. 1.3 Development of the Plan Trumbull has participated in the reporting and monitoring requirements of the permit based on a plan outline. This stormwater management plan formalizes the outline that Trumbull had been following. The steps followed in the development of this plan include the following: 1. Familiarize key staff with the program requirements of the Connecticut DEEP General Permit. 2. Evaluate the Municipality’s current status toward addressing the minimum control measures, and identify gaps and opportunities. 3. Determine method of public involvement in the process of developing the Municipality’s Stormwater Management. 4. Identify required BMPs and other suitable BMPs the Municipality has implemented and could implement. 5. Identify a team leader responsible for each BMP’s implementation. 6. Determine a schedule for implementing each BMP. 7. Develop draft Storm Water Management Program (SWMP). 8. Determine resources, funding, and legal authority needed to implement the SWMP. 9. Submit SWMP to CTDEEP. 10. Prepare required Annual Reports documenting progress in implementing the SWMP. Town of Trumbull Introduction Stormwater Management Plan 1-2 Watershed Resources Tighe&Bond Section 2 Watershed Resources 2.1 Watershed-Based Management Watersheds are areas of land draining to a common point, such as rivers, lakes, and streams. Since watersheds are defined by topography, and land uses within the watershed have a direct impact on the quality of the watercourse to which they drain, they are the primary basis of water resource management. According to EPA, a watershed approach is the most effective framework to address today's water resource challenges. Watersheds supply drinking water, provide recreation and respite, and sustain life. More than $450 billion in food and fiber, manufactured goods, and tourism depends on clean water and healthy watersheds. Operating and coordinating programs on a watershed basis makes good sense for environmental, financial, social, and administrative reasons. For example, by jointly reviewing the results of assessment efforts for drinking water protection, pollution control, fish and wildlife habitat protection and other aquatic resource protection programs, managers from all levels of government can better understand the cumulative impacts of various human activities and determine the most critical problems within each watershed. Using this information to set priorities for action allows public and private managers from all levels to allocate limited financial and human resources to address the most critical needs. Establishing environmental indicators helps guide activities toward solving those high priority problems and measuring success in making real world improvements rather than simply fulfilling programmatic requirements. The watershed approach strengthens teamwork between the public and private sectors at the federal, state, tribal and local levels to achieve the greatest environmental improvements with the resources available. This emphasis gives those people who depend on the aquatic resources for their health, livelihood or quality of life a meaningful role in the management of the resources. Through such active and broad involvement, the watershed approach can build a sense of community, reduce conflicts, increase commitment to the actions necessary to meet societal goals and, ultimately, improve the likelihood of sustaining long-term environmental improvements 2.2 Watershed Inventory CTDEEP has identified major watershed throughout the state, identified on its map entitled “Natural Drainage Basins in Connecticut”, 1981. The Town of Trumbull lies within two major basins, comprised of regional basins, which are divided into main stem basins. Figure 2-1 graphically shows the division of these basins within Trumbull, while Table 2-1 lists these basins. Town of Trumbull Watershed Resources Stormwater Management Plan 2-1 Watershed Resources Tighe&Bond Table 2-1 CTDEEP Natural Drainage Basins within the Town of Trumbull Major Basin Regional Basin Main Stem Basin 6025 – Farmill River 6 – Housatonic Major Basin 60 – Housatonic 6026 - Pumpkin Ground Brook 7103 – Yellow Mill Channel 7104 – Booth Hill Brook 7 – Southwest Coast Major 71- Southwest Eastern Regional 7105 – Pequonnock River Basin Complex 7106 – Ash Creek 7108 – Mill River 2.3 Water Quality Section 305(b) of the Federal Clean Water Act (CWA) requires each State to monitor, assess and report on the quality of its waters relative to designated uses. Section 303(d) of the CWA requires each State to list waters not meeting water quality standards and prioritize those waters for Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) development or other management. Reporting for these waters is submitted to EPA every two years. Connecticut has historically submitted the Water Quality Report to Congress (305(b) Report) and List of Waters Not Meeting Water Quality Standards (303(d) List) as separate documents. Since 2004, CTDEEP has consolidated the submittals into one report which developed into the Integrated Water Quality Report (IWQR). Table 2-2 identifies the assessment results from CTDEEP’s 2010 IWQR for watercourses within the Town. Table 2-2 305(b) Watercourse Assessments Aquatic Fish Description Location Miles Life Recreation Consumption Pequonnock River- From inlet to Bunnells 2.92 NOT U FULL* 02 (Beardsley Park) Pond (eastern side of Route 8, exit 6 area), Bridgeport, US to Daniels Farm Road crossing (US of Route 25 crossing), Trumbull. Pequonnock River- From Daniels Farm Road 4.19 NOT FULL FULL* 03 crossing (US of Route 25 crossing), Trumbull, US to Monroe Turnpike (Route 111) crossing (near intersection with Route 25), Trumbull. Pequonnock River- From Monroe Turnpike (Route 1.83 U FULL FULL* 04 111) crossing (near intersection with Route 25), Trumbull, US to outlet of unnamed impoundment (US of Purdy Hill Road crossing, and US of Harsh Pond) Monroe. Town of Trumbull Watershed Resources Stormwater Management Plan 2-2 Watershed Resources Tighe&Bond Farmill River-04 From Farmill (Isinglass) 3.05 U U FULL* Reservoir inlet (in drinking water watershed), Shelton, US to headwaters (just US of Elm Street crossing, Monroe Turnpike (Route 111) area), Monroe. Mill River From INLET to Easton 3.43 U U FULL* (Easton/Monroe)- Reservoir, Easton/Trumbull 03 town border, US to headwaters at marsh (just US of Hattertown Road crossing), Monroe. Key: FULL = Designated use fully supported FULL* = Refer to CTDEEP Angler’s Guide for advisories NOT = Designated use not supported U = Unassessed CTDEEP has identified certain