Cabbage English
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Comparative Antimicrobial Activity Study of Brassica Oleceracea †
Proceedings Comparative Antimicrobial Activity Study of Brassica oleceracea † Sandeep Waghulde *, Nilofar Abid Khan *, Nilesh Gorde, Mohan Kale, Pravin Naik and Rupali Prashant Yewale Konkan Gyanpeeth Rahul Dharkar College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Karjat, Dist-Raigad, Pin code 410201, India; [email protected] (N.G.); [email protected] (M.K.); [email protected] (P.N.); [email protected] (R.P.Y.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (S.W.); [email protected] (N.A.K.) † Presented at the 22nd International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry, 15 November– 15 December 2018. Available Online: https://sciforum.net/conference/ecsoc-22. Published: 14 November 2018 Abstract: Medicinal plants are in rich source of antimicrobial agents. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of plants from the same species as Brassica oleceracea namely, white cabbage and red cabbage. The preliminary phytochemical analysis was tested by using a different extract of these plants for the presence of various secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, glycosides, steroids, carbohydrates, and amino acids. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was screened against clinical isolates viz gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Extracts found significant inhibition against all the pathogens. Keywords: plant extract; phytochemicals; antibacterial activity; antifungal activity 1. Introduction Despite great progress in the development of medicines, infectious diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites are still a major threat to public health. The impact is mainly observed in developing countries due to relative unavailability of medicines and the emergence of widespread drug resistance [1]. -
Kohlrabi, Be Sure It Your Money Stays Locally and Is Is No Larger Than 2 1/2” in Diameter, Recirculated in Your Community
Selection Why Buy Local? When selecting kohlrabi, be sure it Your money stays locally and is is no larger than 2 1/2” in diameter, recirculated in your community. with the greens still attached. Fresh fruits and vegetables are The greens should be deep green more flavorful, more nutritious all over with no yellow spots. and keeps more of its vitamins and Yellow leaves are an indicator that minerals than processed foods. the kohlrabi is no longer fresh. You are keeping farmers farming, which protects productive farmland from urban sprawl and being developed. What you spend supports the family farms who are your neighbors. Care and Storage Always wash your hands for 20 seconds with warm water and soap before and after preparing produce. Wash all produce before eating, FOR MORE INFORMATION... cutting, or cooking. Contact your local Extension office: Kohlrabi can be kept for up to a month in the refrigerator. Polk County UW-Extension Drying produce with a clean 100 Polk County Plaza, Suite 190 cloth or paper towel will further Balsam Lake, WI 54810 help to reduce bacteria that may (715)485-8600 be present. http://polk.uwex.edu Keep produce and meats away Kohlrabi from each other in the refrigerator. Originally developed by: Jennifer Blazek, UW Extension Polk County, Balsam Lake, WI; Colinabo http://polk.uwex.edu (June, 2014) Uses Try It! Kohlrabi is good steamed, Kohlrabi Sauté barbecued or stir-fried. It can also be used raw by chopping and INGREDIENTS putting into salads, or use grated or 4 Medium kohlrabi diced in a salad. -
Morphological Characterisation of White Head Cabbage (Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata Subvar. Alba) Genotypes in Turkey
NewBalkaya Zealand et al.—Morphological Journal of Crop and characterisation Horticultural ofScience, white head2005, cabbage Vol. 33: 333–341 333 0014–0671/05/3304–0333 © The Royal Society of New Zealand 2005 Morphological characterisation of white head cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata subvar. alba) genotypes in Turkey AHMET BALKAYA Keywords cabbage; classification; morphological Department of Horticulture variation; Brassica oleracea; Turkey Faculty of Agriculture University of Ondokuz Mayis Samsun, Turkey INTRODUCTION email: [email protected] Brassica oleracea L. is an important vegetable crop RUHSAR YANMAZ species which includes fully cross-fertile cultivars or Department of Horticulture form groups with widely differing morphological Faculty of Agriculture characteristics (cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, University of Ankara collards, Brussel sprouts, kohlrabi, and kale). His- Ankara, Turkey torical evidence indicates that modern head cabbage email: [email protected] cultivars are descended from wild non-heading brassicas originating from the eastern Mediterranean AYDIN APAYDIN and Asia Minor (Dickson & Wallace 1986). It is HAYATI KAR commonly accepted that the origin of cabbage is the Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute north European countries and the Baltic Sea coast Samsun, Turkey (Monteiro & Lunn 1998), and the Mediterranean region (Vural et al. 2000). Zhukovsky considered that the origin of the white head cabbage was the Van Abstract Crops belonging to the Brassica genus region in Anatolia and that the greatest cabbages of are widely grown in Turkey. Cabbages are one of the the world were grown in this region (Bayraktar 1976; most important Brassica vegetable crops in Turkey. Günay 1984). The aim of this study was to determine similarities In Turkey, there are local cultivars of cabbage (B. -
Ornamental Cabbage and Kale, Brassica Oleracea in the Fall, Chyrsanthemums and Pansies Are the Predominant Plants Offered for Seasonal Color
A Horticulture Information article from the Wisconsin Master Gardener website, posted 3 Sept 2007 Ornamental Cabbage and Kale, Brassica oleracea In the fall, chyrsanthemums and pansies are the predominant plants offered for seasonal color. But another group of cold-tolerant plants without fl owers can help brighten the fall garden when almost ev- erything else is looking tired and ready for winter. Ornamental cabbage and kale are the same species as edible cabbages, broccoli, and caulifl ower (Bras- sica oleracea) but have much fancier and more col- orful foliage than their cousins from the vegetable garden. While these plants are sometimes offered as “fl owering” cabbage and kale, they are grown for their large rosettes of colorful leaves, not the fl owers. These plants are very showy and come in a variety of colors, ranging from white to pinks, purples or reds. Even though they are technically all kales (kale does not produce a head; instead, it produces leaves in a tight rosette), by convention those types with deeply- cut, curly, frilly or ruffl ed leaves are called ornamen- Ornamental kale makes a dramatic massed planting. tal kale, while the ones with broad, fl at leaves often edged in a contrasting color are called ornamental cabbage. The plants grow about a foot wide and 15” tall. Ornamental cabbages and kales do not tolerate summer heat, and plants set out in spring will likely have bolted or declined in appearance, so it is necessary to either start from seed in mid-summer or purchase trans- plants for a good fall show. -
How to Grow Cabbage (Brassica Oleracea) Cabbage Varieties Come in a Spectrum of Colors, from Light Green to Dark Purple
How to Grow Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) Cabbage varieties come in a spectrum of colors, from light green to dark purple. The scientific name of cabbage is Brassica oleracea, a species that also includes broccoli, cauliflower, kale, and Brussels sprouts. Time of Planting: Sow cabbage seeds indoors 4-6 weeks before transplanting seedlings outdoors. Transplant cabbage seedlings outdoors just before the last frost. Spacing Requirements: Sow seeds ¼ inch deep. Space cabbages at least 24-36 inches apart in even spacing or 12-14 inches apart in rows spaced 36-44 inches apart. Time to Germination: 7-12 days. Special Considerations: When growing for seed, increase spacing to 18-24 inches apart in rows that are at least 36 inches apart. Staking is recommended. Common Pests and Diseases (and how to manage): Cabbage can suffer from a number of pests and diseases including flea beetles, cabbage moths, aphids, leaf miner bugs, slugs, and black rot. Early season insect pests, such as flea beetles, can be deterred by growing transplants underneath row cover. Harvest (when and how): Cut the head at the base of the plant with a harvesting knife or pruning shears as soon as the cabbage head feels solid. Trim off the loose outer leaves and store heads in a cool place. Eating: Raw cabbage can be used in fresh salads like coleslaw. It can also be enjoyed roasted, braised, stewed, and stir fried. Cabbage is often fermented to make sauerkraut and kimchi. Storing: Cabbage will keep for about four months at a temperature between 32-40 degrees F and a relative humidity of 80-90%. -
Brussels Sprout
Brussels Sprout Introduction: At this club in October 2011 Dick Turvey told us that he believed that growing Brussels Sprouts was an easier way for two people to eat cabbage greens than growing cabbages. He planted seedlings in the first week of October, November and December for succession and claimed “Maxim” was the best variety. My own experience has been that they are at least as easy to grow as cabbages and provide a more continuous yield. We can pick what we need for a meal rather than picking a whole cabbage and a brussels sprout crops over a longer period than a cabbage. Growing: You can have Brussels Sprouts virtually all year round in Dunedin (apart for the hungry gap between October and December). Plant seedlings as soon as growth starts in the spring (September-October) for the summer and autumn and again in January for winter and early spring. They should be 30cm apart in rows that are 60 cm apart. We grow six plants in Spring and six in January. Like all the cabbage family they grow fastest if you have lots of nitrogen in the soil. They grow in temperatures of 7 – 24 ⁰ C with highest yields at 15 – 18 ⁰ C and home gardeners have an advantage over commercial growers in that you can harvest them over many weeks and they are not affected by freezing temperatures – some say it even enhances the flavour. They are part of the cabbage family and so put them in the same plot as Broccoli, cabbage & Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, radish, swede, kale, kohlrabi, mustard, radish and rocket. -
Cabbage Abbage Is a Hardy Vegetable That Grows in Vari- Ous Shades of Green As Well As Red (Purple)
Harvest of the Month | Family Newsletter Cabbage abbage is a hardy vegetable that grows in vari- ous shades of green as well as red (purple). The shape of the cabbage head varies from round to flattened or pointed. Most varieties have smooth leaves, but Savoy cabbage has crinkly textured leaves. Usually, the leaves at the center of the head are eaten rather than the outer leaves. If purchased at a store, these outer leaves have usually been removed. Raw cabbage has a naturally peppery flavor. Did you know? Many vegetables evolved from the original wild cabbage including broccoli, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, collard greens, kale, and kohlrabi. There are at least 100 types of cabbage grown throughout the world. The most common types grown in the United States are Green, Red, and Savoy. The most common types of Chinese cabbage are Bok Choy and Napa cabbage. Cabbage is composed of 90% water. The inner leaves of cabbage are often lighter in color than the outer leaves because they are protected from sunlight by the surrounding leaves. Kimchee and sauerkraut are fermented products made from cabbage. Selection Handling Look for cabbage heads that are heavy for their size Remove the outer layer of leaves. Cut the cabbage head with even coloring and with fairly thick, pliable leaves. in quarters. Rinse under cold running water. Do not Pre-cut cabbage may have already lost some of its nu- wash cabbage until you are ready to use it. Avoid slic- trient content. ing or shredding cabbage in advance as this will cause it to lose some of its vitamin C content. -
1136 Protective Effect of Broccoli and Red Cabbage Against
Journal of American Science, 2010;6(12) http://www.americanscience.org Protective Effect of Broccoli and Red Cabbage Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Induced by N- Nitrosodiethylamine in Rats Aml F. M. Morsy*a, Hodaa S. Ibrahima and M. A. Shalabyb a Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan University, Egypt. b Pharmacology Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt. * [email protected] Abstract: The hepatoprotective effect of broccoli and red cabbage extracts against hepatocellur carcinoma induced by N- Nitrosodiethyamine (NDEA) in male rats were studied. Four groups of rats were used; group (1) was used as a negative control (normal), while rats of the other groups were given NDEA as a single interperoitenial dose with subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) once weekly for six weeks to induce hepatocellular carcinoma. Group (2) was left as a positive control, while groups (3) and (4) were pretreated with broccoli and red cabbage 10%extract, for 12 weeks, respectively. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis and liver tissues were histopathologically examined. The obtained results revealed that rats with hepatocellur carcinoma (HCC) had significant increase in serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, total protein, albumin, total and direct bilirubin and malondialdehyide (MDA), as well as significant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes, compared to the normal control group. Liver sections of rats with HCC showed fatty infiltration of hepatocytes, cytomegaly with karyomegaly as well as vesicular active nuclei and presence of more than one nucleolus in some hepatocytes. -
Adaptation, Immigration, and Identity: the Tensions of American Jewish Food Culture by Mariauna Moss Honors Thesis History Depa
Adaptation, Immigration, and Identity: The Tensions of American Jewish Food Culture By Mariauna Moss Honors Thesis History Department University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 03/01/2016 Approved: _______________________ Karen Auerbach: Advisor _______________________ Chad Bryant: Advisor Table of Contents Acknowledgements Introduction 4 Chapter 1 12 Preparation: The Making of American Jewish Food Culture Chapter 2 31 Consumption: The Impact of Migration on Holocaust Survivor Food Culture Chapter 3 48 Interpretation: The Impact of the Holocaust on American-Jewish Food Culture Conclusion 66 2 Acknowledgements I would first like to thank my correspondents, Jay Ipson, Esther Lederman, and Kaja Finkler. Without each of your willingness to invite me into your homes and share your stories, this thesis would not have been possible. Kaja, I thank you especially for your continued support and guidance. Next, I want to give a shout-out to my family and friends, especially my fellow thesis writers, who listened to me talk about my thesis constantly and without a doubt saw the bulk of my negative stress reactions. Thank you all for being such a great support system. It is my hope that at least one of you will read this- here’s looking at you, Mom. Third, I would like to thank Professor Waterhouse for sticking with me throughout this entire process. I could not have done this without your constant kind words and encouragement (though I could have done without your negative commentary about Billy Joel). Thank you for making this possible. Finally, I extend the largest thank you to my wonderful thesis advisors, Professor Karen Auerbach and Professor Chad Bryant. -
KOHLRABI and CABBAGE SALAD with MAPLE LEMON DRESSING Ingredients 4 Medium Bulbs Kohlrabi 3 Cups Shredded Cabbage ¼ Cup Dried Cr
KOHLRABI AND CABBAGE SALAD WITH MAPLE LEMON DRESSING Ingredients 3 tbsp pure maple syrup 4 medium bulbs kohlrabi Zest of 1 lemon 3 cups shredded cabbage Juice of 2 lemons ¼ cup dried cranberries 1 garlic clove, minced ¼ cup sunflower seeds ¼ tsp kosher salt 1/3 tsp freshly ground ¼ cup coarsely chopped fresh dill ¼ cup extra virgin olive oil black pepper DIRECTIONS 1. Using a sharp knife, remove long stems & greens from kohlrabi 2. Using a peeler, trim away the thick green skin until you reach the light green part that is free of tough fibers. Shred on the medium holes of a box greater or in a food processor fitted with the shredder disk. 3. Combine the kohlrabi, cabbage, cranberries, sunflower seeds, and dill in a large serving bowl. In a small jar with a tight-fitting lid, combine the olive oil, maple syrup, lemon zest, lemon juice, garlic, salt, and pepper. 4. Shake to thoroughly combine. Pour the dressing over the salad and toss to coat well. Let sit for about 20 minutes before serving. NUTRITION INFORMATION Per serving: 195 calories, 12g fat, 21.8g carbs, 5.6g fiber, 14.4g sugars,3.4g protein, 126.2mg sodium Recipe & photo courtesy of: The Kitchn RDA: 0% Vitamin A, 33%Vitamin C, 3% Calcium, 4% Iron KOHLRABI AND CABBAGE SALAD WITH MAPLE LEMON DRESSING Ingredients 3 tbsp pure maple syrup 4 medium bulbs kohlrabi Zest of 1 lemon 3 cups shredded cabbage Juice of 2 lemons ¼ cup dried cranberries 1 garlic clove, minced ¼ cup sunflower seeds ¼ tsp kosher salt ¼ cup coarsely chopped fresh dill 1/3 tsp freshly ground black ¼ cup extra virgin olive oil pepper DIRECTIONS 1. -
Sterols, Triglycerides and Essential Fatty Acid Constituents of Brassica Oleracea Varieties, Brassica Juncea and Raphanus Sativus
Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2013, 5(12):1237-1243 ISSN : 0975-7384 Research Article CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Sterols, triglycerides and essential fatty acid constituents of Brassica oleracea varieties, Brassica juncea and Raphanus sativus Consolacion Y. Ragasa 1*, Vincent Antonio S. Ng 2, Oscar B. Torres 2, Nicole Samantha Y. Sevilla 2, Kim Valerie M. Uy 2, Ma. Carmen S. Tan 2, Marissa G. Noel 2 and Chien-Chang Shen 3 1Chemistry Department, De La Salle University Science & Technology Complex Leandro V. Locsin Campus, Biñan City, Laguna, Philippines 2Chemistry Department De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines 3National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, 155-1, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, Taipei 112, Taiwan _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The dichloromethane extracts of the leaves of Brassica oleracea var capitata f. rubra L (red cabbage) and Brassica oleracea L (green/white cabbage) and the stem of Brassica oleracea L var. italic (broccoli) afforded β-sitosterol ( 1) and unsaturated triglycerides ( 2). The red cabbage also afforded stigmasterol ( 3), while the green/white cabbage and broccoli stem also yielded the essential fatty acid, linoleic acid ( 4). Brassica juncea (mustard) leaves and Raphanus sativus (radish) roots afforded 1, and the essential fatty acids 4 and α-linolenic acid ( 6). Mustard leaves also yielded trilinolenin ( 5), lutein ( 7) and β-carotene ( 8), while radish roots also afforded -
Harvest Recipe Book Recipes Featuring Produce from Coastal Roots Farm
Harvest Recipe Book Recipes featuring produce from Coastal Roots Farm Compiled by Coastal Roots Farm Recipes by Noelle Parton Illustrations by Katie Hibbard About the Farm: Coastal Roots Farm is a nonprofit community farm and education center. We cultivate healthy, connected communities by integrating sustainable agriculture, food justice, and ancient Jewish wisdom. Since our inception in 2014, Coastal Roots Farm has provided dignified access to fresh food for those who need it most. Inspired by Jewish agricultural practices, we grow organic crops and share the harvest with our community through pay- what-you-can farm stands, Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) programs, and direct donations to local hunger relief organizations. Through workshops, field trips, agricultural festivals, and community events, we offer hands-on education and invite our neighbors to connect to the land and each other. Coastal Roots Farm is located in Encinitas, CA on approximately 15 acres of land. Our Farm consists of vegetable gardens, greenhouses, a food forest, animal pastures, compost systems, and a vineyard. Coastal Roots Farm was incubated by the Leichtag Foundation and received 501(c)(3) public charity status in 2015. To learn more and get involved, visit coastalrootsfarm.org. Special thanks to the San Marcos Community Foundation and the Leichtag Foundation for making this project possible. About the Contributors: Noelle Parton believes in making all facets of wellness simple and getting back to the basics in order to thrive and live an abundant life. She is passionate about using food as medicine, and one of her joys is showcasing the rainbow of life-building and healing foods through delicious plant-based recipes presented without specified measurements.