The Practical Carver and Gilder's Guide and Picture Frame Maker's Companion
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ENTERED AT STATIONERS' HALL. Contatiiing Complete Instruction in PICTURE & LOOKING-GLASS FRAMES, ll^-ixlbiitg @Ib Work, DECORATIVE GTLDTNO, Silvering Plate Glass, Restoration of Oil Paintingr>, MITREING-UP MOULDINGS, MOUNTING and PITTING-UP CHROMOS, ENGRAVINGS, Ac, MOUNT GUTTING, FRENCH POLISHING, VAENISHING & STAINING, WITH A NUMBER OP USEFUL RECEIPTS. Price Two Shillings dnd Sixpence, ENTERED AT STATIONERS' HALL. Contai7iing Complete Listntction in PICTURE & LOOKiNG-GLASS FRAMES, DE C O I VE GILDING, Silvering Plate Glass, Restoration of Oil Paintings, MITREING-UP MOULDINGS, MOUI^TING- and FITTING-UP CHROMOS, ENGRAVINGS, &c., MOUNT CUTTING, ^^^^ FRENCH POLISHING, ^^^^ VARNISHING & STAINING, vM Price Two Sldllings and Sixpence. ; T II K I> RA C T I C A I. CARVER AND GILDER'S GUIDE, AND PICTURE FRAME MAKER'S COMPANION; Containing Information on the various Departments of the Trade in GILDING AND RE-GILDING PICTURE AND LOOKING-GLASS FRAMES, CONSOLE TABLES, WHAT-NOTS, &G. INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR GILDING; SILVERING PLATE GLASS; The Restoration of Oil Paintings, Cleaning Old Engravings, &c. WITH CHAPTERS ON MITREING-UP MOULDINGS, MOUNT CUTTING, MOUNTING ENGRAVINGS, MAPS, PHOTOGRAPHS, ETC.; FRENCH POLISHING, VARNISHING, AND STAINING; AND A NUMBER OF USEFUL RECEIPTS. o LONDON: KENT & Co., 23, Paternoster Row. CIRENCESTER : C. H. SAVORY, St. John Street. Manchester : J. Calvert, 99, Great Jackson Street. — — ——; — Now ready price 2s. Qd,, Clot\ J THE PAPER HANaER, PAINTER, GRAINER, AND DECORATOR'S ASSISTANT Containing Full Information as to the best methods practised in Paper Hanging, Geaining, G-lass Embossing, Panelling, Marbling, Stencilling, Room Decoration, Sign Writing, Tarnishing,', Distempering, G-ilding, Staining : Also, Tables for Paper Hangers ; with the Principles of Harmony, Contrast, and Philosophy of Colour ; and Recipes and Informa- tion on the various Branches of Household Decorative Art. By a Decorator. Illustrated with nearly 100 Engravings. London : Kent & Co., Paternoster Row. May be had Post Eree on receipt of 33 Stamps, from C. H. Savory, Steam Press, Cirencester. Opinions of the Press : "Contains a considerable amount of information on decoration." building News. *****" Treating, as it does, of all the various branches of household decorative art, illustrated with engravings, and enriched with recipes and information of all kinds pertaining to the subject, it will prove a friend indeed to the workman who is at a momentary loss for a ready and efficient means of overcoming obstacles that too often present themselves at the most inopportune times and seasons. One notable feature of the book is a " Table for Paper Hangers," by which not only the paper hanger, but the party who employs him, may at once calculate the quantity of paper required for a room ; and an equally valuable section is that devoted to a concise elucidation of the " Principles of Harmony, Contrast, and Philosophy of Color." As a contribution to the literature of practical decoration, this work is decidedly an acquisition." The Figaro. " It will be seen from this epitome of its contents that the work embraces a wide field, but the author—who has been assisted by Mr. John Beecham, an experienced decorative artist—has fulfilled his task in a manner at once creditable and satisfactory. The instructions and recipes are written in a singularly clear and untechinical style, so that the merest tyro in such matters can readily understand them, and this of itself is no mean commen- dation. The writer is too modest to attach his name to his excellent little work, though he really ought to be proud of it, for it is without doubt one of the most useful and reliable publications of the kind that has ever been issued, and it forms a very handy companion volume to the same author's " Practical Carver and Gilder's Guide." It is well and attractively got up, and is adorned with nearly a hundred engravings." Builders^ WeeTdy H^eporter. " The practical instructions for hanging paper, and the table for estimating the quantity of paper required will be found useful by many. The pages on colouring in distemper, whitewashing, description of tools and of pigments are of considerable value. Graining and marbling is described by Mr. Beecham, artist and decorator, and the receipts &c. enable even amateurg in out of the way places to execute tolerably good work, and if necesBary, prepare their own materials." —English Mechanic. "This little book treats of nearly everything relating to the decoration of the dwelling-house, so far as it comes within the province of the decorator, and might have been not inappropriately called the Decorator's Pocket Cyclopaedia. The various subjects seem to have been treated by men Xjractically acquainted with what tliey are writing about, which is more than can be said for some of the so-called practical guides which are issued from the press at the present day. The book is well illustrated with engravings of tools &c." Furniture Gazette. The writer of this little Volume tmfolds the art of Gildings Picture Frame Making, Restoration of Oil Paintings^ &^c.^ with other information tetteresting fb the Trade generally. It will be found useful to masters^ journeymen^ apprentices^ amateurs, and others seeking the informatio7i it is designed to give^ and will serve as a Ha7id-Book even to the 7nore experienced in the art as occasion may require. J The modus operandi of the various branches of the art has been given as explicitly as possible, a7id a number of practical receipts added, which will be found to be of servi^. The instruction given is from practical experience, and perfectly reliable, and will afford most satisfactory results iffollowed. Nearly the whole has been writteti specially for this work, but a few extracts from various sources have been inserted and acknowledged. If any comprehensive book on the subjects treated on had been published^ this volume would not have been written^ but it is — Vlll. PREFACE. intended to supply a want, and a measure of success is anticipated in consequence. If I get appreciative readers who can say in the words of Tennyson— Well hast thou done, In setting round thy first experiment With royal framework of wrought gold, the effort will not have bee7i in vain, THIRD EDITION. Another edition having been calledfor in less than twelve mo?tths, the Author has taken the opportunity to add new chapters on Mount Cutting, Hanging Pictures, and other subjects which will be found useful, A few extracts have also been inserted, which will stand on their ow7t merits. The Author has been more solicitous to secure technical accuracy than literary excellence. The work has had a wide circulation, as the Publisher inforins him he has received several applicationsfrom New Zealand, Quebec, America, and gold dustfrojn Australia as payment. It has been favourably reviewed, and extracts have been copied into American as well as English periodicals, FOURTH EDITION. In the present edition new matter to the extent of about thirty pages has been added, with several engravings. A PRACTICAL HAND, (Jonfpnf^. INTRODUCTION. PAGB. PAGE. Ancient Art of Carving and Roman Gilding 18 Gilding 17 Remarks on the Contents of Ancient Work, superior ... 17 Volume 18 The Work in Solomon's Cleanliness necessary to Temple 18 success 19 MOULDINGS. Moulding Manufactories ... 20 German Mouldings ... 23 Various Classes of Mouldings 20 Veneered Mouldings ... 23 Mouldings in the White ... 22 O. Gee and 0.0. Gee ... 23 Inferior Mouldings ... 22 PICTURE AND LOOKING-GLASS FRAMES. Style of Picture Frames ... 24 Landscape and Pier . 30 The first Pier Glasses in Sizes of Looking Glasses .. 31 England ... ... ... 29 Console Tables . 31 The Style nearly a century Dressing Glasses ... 31 ago 29 The Old Mirror . 32 The Present Shapes ... 30 Window Cornices 32 PLATE GLASS. Discovery of the Manufac- Account of the Manufacture 35 ture 34 English and Foreign Glass 36 M anufactures of Plate Glass 3 5 1 X. CONTENTS. SILVERING PLATE GLASS. PAGE. PAGE. Looking Glasses used by all Commoner Glass for cheap Nations 37 work ... 40 Metal employed for Silvering 37 Silvering Common Glass ... 40 The Process of Silvering... 38 M ethod of Placing in Frames 4 Unhealthy Occupation ... 38 Mildew 41 Tin Foil as an Amalgam ... 38 The Pure Silver Process ... 41 The Silvering Table ... 38 COMPOSITION ORNAMENTS. Recently Introduced ... 47 Antiquity of Carving ..c 50 Receipt for Composition ... 47 English Carvers 50 Boxwood Moulds ... ... 47 Carved Frames for Oil Making Ornaments ... 48 Paintings... 50 Backing up 48 Method of Cutting Out . Papier Machie Ornaments 49 Glass Frame Ornaments 51 Carving 49 Carved Picture Frames ... 51 GILDER'S TOOLS. The Gilder's Cushion ... 53 The Burnisher ... ... 56 The Gilder's Knife ... 53 Brushes 56 Gilding Tip... ... ... 55 Modellers 56 Method of Using the Tools 55 PREPARATIONS USED IN GILDING. Parchment Size ... 57 Stopping . 60 Oil Gold Size ... 59 Thick White . 60 Matt Gold Size ... 59 Gold Leaf ... 60 Burnish Gold Size ... ... 59 Method of Beating Out . 61 Clay ... 59 Whitening . 61 Gilder's Ormolu ... ... 59 Whiliening up . 62 GILD ING. Practical Knowledge ... 64 Water Gilding 69 Kinds of Gilding 65 Burnishing Out 71 Oil Gilding 65 Burnished Hollow 71 Description of Oil Gilding 65 Gilding Flat Surfaces ... 71 Laying on the Preparations 66 Double Gilt 71 Skewings ... ... ... 67 White and Gold 73 Water and Oil Gilding ... 67 Splendour of Eastern Kings 74 Double Gilt Work 67 Description of Gilt Suite ... 74 Preparation of Frame ... 68 Chair in White and Gold... 75 Putting in Oil 69 Black and Gold 76 CONTENTS. xi. — Gilding l PAGE. PAGE. Gilding 77 To Frost a Cardboard Method of Procedure ... 77 Mount in Gold or Silver 79 Repairing Composition Or- The Gilding of Oak, &c. ... 80 naments 78 To Gild a Cardboard Mount 80 To take a Model in Compo- Gilding on Brass 80 sition 78 Gilding on Glass 81 INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR GILDING.