Acta Universitatis Szegediensis Acta Hispanica Tomus Xxiv Hungaria Szeged 2019

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Acta Universitatis Szegediensis Acta Hispanica Tomus Xxiv Hungaria Szeged 2019 ACTA UNIVERSITATIS SZEGEDIENSIS ACTA HISPANICA TOMUS XXIV HUNGARIA SZEGED 2019 ACTA UNIVERSITATIS SZEGEDIENSIS ACTA HISPANICA TOMUS XXIV Consejo de Redacción TIBOR BERTA, KATALIN JANCSÓ, ESZTER KATONA (Universidad de Szeged, Hungría) Consejo Asesor ILDIKÓ SZIJJ (Universidad Eötvös Loránd, Hungría) MANUEL JOSÉ DE LARA RÓDENAS (Universidad de Huelva, España) INÉS FERNÁNDEZ-ORDÓÑEZ (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, España) CARMEN MARIMÓN LLORCA (Universidad de Alicante, España) JOSÉ IGNACIO PÉREZ PASCUAL (Universidade da Coruña, España) LEONOR RUIZ GURILLO (Universidad de Alicante, España) VLADIMIR KARANOVIĆ (Universidad de Belgrado, Serbia) MIRJANA SEKULIĆ (Universidad de Kragujevac, Serbia) MIRJANA POLIĆ-BOBIĆ (Universidad de Zagreb, Croacia) JESÚS RODRÍGUEZ VELASCO (Columbia University, Estados Unidos) Editora ZSUZSANNA CSIKÓS (Universidad de Szeged, Hungría) Redactora técnica ZSUZSANNA JENEY Universidad de Szeged Departamento de Estudios Hispánicos Petőfi S. sgt. 30-34, H-6722 Szeged, Hungría Tel.: 36-62-544-148 Fax: 36-62-544-148 E-mail: [email protected] www.hispanisztikaszeged.hu ISSN impreso: 1416-7263 ISSN electrónico: 2676-9719 SZEGED, 2019 ÍNDICE Prólogo ...................................................................................................................................... 5 LINGÜÍSTICA ÁGNES BAKÓ Comentários sobre o estatuto independente de alguns prefixos portugueses ............... 9 ZOLTÁN KRISTÓF GAÁL Patrones de diminutivización en el español costarricense. Observaciones sobre la alternancia alomórfica del sufijo -ito desde la perspectiva de nombres de marca internacionales ....................................................................................................................... 19 ILDIKÓ PÉTER El retroceso del futuro de subjuntivo en España y en Hispanoamérica ...................... 37 LILI TAKÁCS La variación dialectal de los vocativos en los países de habla hispana ......................... 49 HISTORIA Y ESTUDIOS POLÍTICOS BÉLA BARSI La genealogía y vida del sacerdote Agustino Fulgentius Rodriguez del Banato ......... 77 LISDEY ESPINOZA The Current Political Challenges to the Mexican Democratisation Process: 2012 to 2018 .......................................................................................................................... 87 CARLOS RIOJAS La idea de desarrollo en el pensamiento económico: una perspectiva desde las aulas latinoamericanas .................................................................................................. 115 LITERATURA ESZTER KATONA La corona de Hungría de Lope de Vega en busca de traductor. la donación (perdida y encontrada) de Stefan Zweig al Teatro Nacional de Budapest ................. 125 GABRIELLA MENCZEL La oralidad como horizonte temporal de la infancia y del hogar materno en la poesía de César Vallejo y Attila József ................................................................... 137 RESEÑAS TIBOR BERTA Gramática fácil .................................................................................................................... 149 MIHAI ENĂCHESCU El verbo español. Teoría y práctica .................................................................................. 155 ANDRÁS LÉNÁRT Las películas que vio Franco ............................................................................................. 157 GABRIELLA ZOMBORY Teatro contemporáneo de España en traducción húngara. Dos antologías ............. 161 Autores del volumen .......................................................................................................... 167 PRÓLOGO La revista indexada Acta Hispanica, editada anualmente por el Departamento de Estudios Hispánicos de la Universidad de Szeged, se compromete por la interdisciplina- ridad de las investigaciones científicas y publica estudios que se dediquen a aspectos lingüísticos, literarios e históricos de las realidades sociales y culturales del vasto mundo hispánico. El presente número, formado por cuatro artículos del área de la lingüística, por tres artículos de temas históricos y socio-políticos y por dos trabajos literarios de estudiosos y doctorandos de diferentes centros universitarios hispanistas continúa con esta tradición. Complementa este número la sección de reseñas que recoge cinco recen- siones. En la sección de lingüística, el artículo de Ágnes Bakó, que se publica en portugués, examina el estatuto independiente de algunos de los prefijos en este idioma. El trabajo sobre el papel de patrones de diminutivización en el español costarricense de Zoltán Kristóf Gaál es la versión escrita de la comunicación que fue galardonada con el Premio Leopoldo Zea en el XIX Congreso de la Federación Internacional de Estudios sobre América Latina y el Caribe (FIEALC), celebrado en Szeged a finales de junio de este año. El premio se le concede a la mejor ponencia presentada por un doctorando. El artículo de Ildikó Péter examina el retroceso del futuro de subjuntivo en España y en Hispanoamérica, mientras que el de Lili Takács está enfocado en la variación dialectal de los vocativos en los países de habla hispana. Este último es la versión escrita de la comunicación presentada en la XXXIV Conferencia Nacional de Científicos Jóvenes de 2019, celebrado en abril de este año en la Universidad Eötvös Loránd de Budapest (ELTE). La sección de temas históricos y político-sociales se abre con un artículo de Béla Barsi sobre la genealogía y vida del sacerdote agustino Fulgentius Rodríguez del Banato, seguido del trabajo de Lisdey Espinoza, escrito en inglés, sobre el proceso de democra- tización en México entre 2012 y 2018. El artículo de Carlos Riojas se dedica a presentar el desarrollo del pensamiento económico desde la perspectiva de las aulas latino- americanas. Los dos trabajos literarios rinden homenaje a los contactos literarios entre Hungría y el mundo hispánico. Eszter Katona examina el destino de las “comedias húngaras” de Lope de Vega y las causas de la falta de sus traducciones al húngaro, mientras Gabriella Menczel compara el problema de la oralidad como horizonte temporal de la infancia y del hogar materno en la poesía de César Vallejo, poeta peruano, Attila József, poeta húngaro. En la sección de reseñas Tibor Berta escribe sobre la obra Gramática fácil del profesor húngaro szegediense, Sándor László, a continuación Mihai Enăchescu presenta el libro El verbo español. Teoría y práctica del lingüista rumano, Răzvan Bran. András Lénárt reseña el trabajo de José María de Caparrós Lera y Magí Crusells, titulado Las películas que vio Franco (y que no todos pudieron disfrutar). Cine en El Pardo, 1946–1975, mientras Gabriella Zombory escribe sobre dos tomos recién publicados que contienen traducciones húngaras de dramas españoles contemporáneos. El libro coordinado por Eszter Katona presenta unos ejemplos del teatro de la memoria histórica, mientras que la antología seleccionada por László Scholz ofrece una muestra más amplia del teatro español actual. Espero que el número actual de Acta Hispanica sea atractivo no solo para los especialistas de diferentes ciencias representadas, sino también para un público más amplio interesado por las culturas ibéricas e hispanoamericanas. Zsuzsanna Csikós 6 | LINGÜÍSTICA Acta Hispanica (2019) 24: 9–17 COMENTÁRIOS SOBRE O ESTATUTO INDEPENDENTE DE ALGUNS PREFIXOS PORTUGUESES ÁGNES BAKÓ Universidade Eötvös Loránd, Budapeste Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma característica pouco conhecida e atípica dos prefixos portugueses, que é o seu possível estatuto independente na frase. Só consideramos os prefixos que participam hoje na derivação das palavras vernáculas portuguesas. Portanto analisamos os prefixos des-, in-, super-, sobre-, sub-, pré-, pós- e re-, tirando os exemplos derivados com estes prefixos do corpus Cetempúblico. Esta característica atípica dos prefixos está relacionada com a sua função atributiva e substantival, porque neste sentido podem ser considerados elementos com estatuto independente. Palavras-chave: português, prefixos, estatuto independente, corpus Abstract: The aim of this work is to represent the less known and atypical characteristic of Portuguese prefixes which is their possible independent status in the sentence. Prefixes that participate actively in the derivation of Portuguese words: des-, in-, super-, sobre-, sub-, pré-, pós- and re- will be analysed. The examples created with the above mentioned prefixes are taken from Cetempúblico corpus. The rare characteristic of prefixes is related with their attributive and substantival function because in this sense they can be considered as items with independent status. Keywords: Portuguese, Prefixes, Independent Status, Corpus 1. Introdução Neste artigo tencionamos destacar algumas características atípicas dos prefixos portugueses, isto é, vamos examinar o seu possível estatuto independente numa frase. Primeiro, faremos uma lista que tem exclusivamente aqueles elementos de formação que são unanimemente considerados prefixos nos diferentes estudos e gramáticas (Ching, 1971–1973; Cunha – Cintra, 1984; Vilela, 1994; Villalva, 2003). Tendo restringido a área de investigação, analisaremos as características fonológicas, morfológicas e morfossintáticas prefixais. A análise vai-se basear nos exemplos obtidos do corpus online acessível, Cetempúblico (Santos – Rocha, 2001, 11-05-2018). Depois dos exemplos indicar-se-á a referência com o início do código CP. Comentários sobre o estatuto independente de alguns prefixos portugueses 2. Os prefixos analisados Como define
Recommended publications
  • Becle, S.A.B. De C.V
    [Translation for informational purposes only] ANNUAL REPORT FILED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE GENERAL PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO ISSUERS OF SECURITIES AND TO OTHER PARTICIPANTS IN THE SECURITIES MARKET, FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018. BECLE, S.A.B. DE C.V. Guillermo González Camarena No.800-4, Col. Zedec Santa Fe, C.P. 01210, Mexico City, Mexico “CUERVO” Securities Representing the Capital Stock of the Issuer Characteristics Market in which they are registered Single Series Shares of Common Stock Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A.B. de C.V. The securities of the issuer referred to above are registered in the National Securities Registry (Registro Nacional de Valores). Registration in the National Securities Registry (Registro Nacional de Valores) does not certify the soundness of the securities or the solvency of the issuer, or the accuracy or veracity of the information contained in the prospectus, and it does not validate the actions that, as applicable, have been performed in contravention of applicable law. [Translation for informational purposes only] TABLE OF CONTENTS 1) Overview 4 A) GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 4 B) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 C) RISK FACTORS 22 D) OTHER SECURITIES 42 E) MATERIAL CHANGES TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NATIONAL SECURITIES REGISTRY 43 F) PUBLIC DOCUMENTS 44 2) THE COMPANY 45 A) HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY 45 B) BUSINESS DESCRIPTION 49 i) Main Activity 49 ii) Distribution Channels 61 iii) Patents, licenses, brands and other agreements 63 iv) Main customers 64 v) Applicable law
    [Show full text]
  • Elections in Mexico July 1 General Elections
    Elections in Mexico July 1 General Elections Frequently Asked Questions Latin America and the Caribbean International Foundation for Electoral Systems 1850 K Street, NW | Fifth Floor | Washington, DC 20006 | www.IFES.org June 27, 2012 Table of Contents When are elections in Mexico? ..................................................................................................................... 1 When does the electoral process begin? ...................................................................................................... 1 Who will Mexicans elect in the 2012 federal elections? .............................................................................. 1 What is Mexico’s electoral system? .............................................................................................................. 2 Who is running for president? ...................................................................................................................... 2 How is election administration structured in Mexico? ................................................................................. 3 Who will vote? .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Can Mexicans who reside abroad vote in the elections? ............................................................................. 3 When are preliminary election results released? ......................................................................................... 4 When are
    [Show full text]
  • Mexico Country Report | SGI Sustainable Governance Indicators
    Mexico report George Philip, Jörg Faust, Martin Thunert Mexico report SGI 2011 | 2 Mexico report George Philip, Jörg Faust, Martin Thunert Prof. George Philip, London School of Economics and Political Science Dr. Jörg Faust, German Development Institute, Bonn PD Dr. Martin Thunert, University of Heidelberg Mexico report SGI 2011 | 3 Executive Summary Mexico faces a number of serious problems, including its war against the illegal drug trade and the wave of related violence, its stagnating (at best) oil production, and the impact of the recent recession. The last several years have seen an unprecedented increase in violence related to the war against the drug cartels declared by President Felipe Calderón in late 2006. As of early 2010, this war has not only not been won, but has become even more brutal, even though the Mexican army has been called in to support local and federal police forces. The related insecurity also extracts a toll on a Mexican economy already hit hard by the economic crisis in the United States and the government’s inability to enact a reform of PEMEX, the state- owned oil company. In a way, all of these difficulties reinforce one underlying weakness: The Mexican state lacks sufficient resources, and there is as yet no consolidated elite settlement among all relevant societal actors with regard to the (spending) capacity of the Mexican state. Taxation is insufficient to cover a reasonable level of public spending, and the oil revenues that disguised this problem for much of the past decade are now in decline. The need to deal with organized crime represents a significant new charge on the budget, as spending in this area has had to be substantially increased.
    [Show full text]
  • Mexico Under Salinas: a Façade of Reform
    WORLD POLICY JOURNAL VOL. 6, NO. 3 (FALL 1989), 685-729 Mexico Under Salinas: A Façade of Reform ANDREW REDING Ten months have passed since Carlos Salinas de Gortari of the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) assumed the presidency of Mexico on December 1, 1988. To date, his greatest accomplishment may well be the image he has acquired in the United States as a model Third World leader. Washington, Wall Street, and the mass media are unanimous in characterizing Salinas as a reformer and modernizer, a sort of Latin Gorbachev intent on ridding Mexico of corruption, inefficiency, and one-party rule. They have praised him for his pledges to deliver clean elections and for his perseverance in implementing unpopular economic policies that have made Mexico a model debtor. For all these reasons, his admirers argue, Salinas is deserving of U.S. support. Indeed, Salinas has entertained Mexicans (and their northern neighbors) with a succession of bold presidential actions that would seem to confirm this view. In January, he imprisoned the corrupt leadership of the Oil Workers’ Union. In February, he turned his guns on the financial elite, jailing officers of two of Mexico’s leading stock exchanges on charges of securities fraud. In April, he had charges of electoral fraud filed against the PRI mayor of Hermosillo in the state of Sonora. In June, he jailed a former director of the Federal Security Directorate on charges of masterminding the 1984 assassination of a well-known investigative reporter. And in July, Salinas directed the PRI to recognize the victory of National Action Party (PAN) candidate Ernesto Ruffo in the July 2 gubernatorial election in Baja California Norte, the first time the PRI has conceded loss of a governorship.
    [Show full text]
  • Mexico's Presidential Elections and the Weight Of
    MEXICO’S PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS AND THE WEIGHT OF THE INTERNATIONAL VOTE by Michelle Taylor Faverio A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in Political Science with Distinction Spring 2019 © 2019 Michelle Taylor Faverio All Rights Reserved MEXICO’S PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS AND THE WEIGHT OF THE INTERNATIONAL VOTE by Michelle Taylor Faverio Approved: __________________________________________________________ Julio Carrión, Ph.D. Professor in charge of thesis on behalf of the Advisory Committee Approved: __________________________________________________________ Jesus Cruz, Ph.D. Committee member from the Department of History Approved: __________________________________________________________ William Lewis, Ph.D. Committee member from the Board of Senior Thesis Readers Approved: __________________________________________________________ Michael Chajes, Ph.D. Chair of the University Committee on Student and Faculty Honors ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Carrión, for his help and encouragement during this thesis project and my graduate school process. I am also grateful for the support of my other committee members; Dr. Cruz and Dr. Lewis. Dr. Lewis, thank you for always reminding me that this is an undergraduate thesis and not a dissertation. The department needs more third readers like you. I could not have done this, or just about anything, without the help of the best proof reader, William Horn. Finally, to my mental
    [Show full text]
  • Mexico at the Crossroads
    August 1994 Volume VI, Number 9 MEXICO AT THE CROSSROADS POLITICAL RIGHTS AND THE 1994 PRESIDENTIAL AND CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS INTRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS On August 21, 1994, forty-five million Mexicans will go to the polls to INTRODUCTION................................................................................... 1 elect their new President and a new Congress. The ruling party, the Partido SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS.................................................... 3 Revolucionario Institucional (PRI), which has governed Mexico without THE IMPETUS FOR REFORM............................................................. 4 interruption since 1929, is facing a three CONTROL OF THE ELECTION PROCESS ...................................... 7 cornered contest, with the conservative but pro-democracy Partido de Acción RESOLUTION OF ELECTORAL DISPUTES..................................... 9 Nacional (PAN), and the left-of-center Partido de la Revolución Democrática THE DEFINITION OF ELECTORAL CRIMES (PRD). Six smaller parties are also AND THEIR PROSECUTION............................................................ 10 fielding presidential candidates.1 THE ELECTORAL REGISTER ........................................................... 11 Of the three main contenders, the POLLING-DAY SAFEGUARDS ........................................................ 13 PRI candidate, Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León, a Yale-educated economist, was RURAL AREAS..................................................................................... 14 picked when
    [Show full text]
  • Mexico: Neoliberalism, Popular Grievances, and the Rise of Andrés Manuel López Obrador Irving Cortes-Martinez Union College - Schenectady, NY
    Union College Union | Digital Works Honors Theses Student Work 4-2019 Mexico: Neoliberalism, Popular Grievances, and the Rise of Andrés Manuel López Obrador Irving Cortes-Martinez Union College - Schenectady, NY Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses Part of the Anthropology Commons, Comparative Politics Commons, Economic History Commons, Indigenous Studies Commons, Latin American History Commons, and the Political History Commons Recommended Citation Cortes-Martinez, Irving, "Mexico: Neoliberalism, Popular Grievances, and the Rise of Andrés Manuel López Obrador" (2019). Honors Theses. 2279. https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses/2279 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at Union | Digital Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Union | Digital Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Mexico: Neoliberalism, Popular Grievances, and the Rise of Andrés Manuel López Obrador By Irving Cortes-Martinez ************ Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in the Department of Political Science and Latin American & Caribbean Studies (LACS) Union College June, 2019 1 Abstract: Cortes-Martinez, Irving. Mexico: Neoliberalism, Popular Grievances and the Rise of Andrés Manuel López Obrador Advisors: Robert Samet and Guillermina Seri Andrés Manuel López Obrador, commonly referred to as AMLO, has become Mexico’s first leftist president in over seven decades. He has promised to get rid of Mexico’s problems through a peaceful but radical transformation, while placing the needs of the people first. For the past three decades, the nation’s political and economic systems have failed to create positive results.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 OAS Electoral Observation Mission Congratulates Mexico on The
    OAS Electoral Observation Mission congratulates Mexico on the success of the largest and most complex elections in its history July 3, 2018 The Electoral Observation Mission of the Organization of American States (EOM/OAS), which was deployed in Mexico to observe the federal and local elections on July 1, congratulates the Mexican people on the success of the largest and most complex elections in its history, and applauds the massive turnout to elect more than 18,000 positions. However, it regrets and condemns the five deaths in isolated incidents of violence on election day and the national context of violence in which the elections took place. The Mission congratulates President-elect Andrés Manuel López Obrador on his victory in the elections last Sunday, and welcomes the democratic spirit of the other candidates who accepted the expressed will of the Mexican voters. The Mission also wishes to acknowledge the hard work of the electoral officials who stepped up to the challenge of organizing the election process and ensuring its success. Headed by the former President of the Dominican Republic, Leonel Fernández, the Mission consisted of 65 experts and observers of 23 nationalities, who were deployed in 25 States. The EOM/OEA conducted a substantive analysis of key aspects of the electoral process, including the organization of the elections, voting technology, campaign financing, electoral justice, the political participation of women, electoral violence, and the participation of indigenous peoples. Following a preliminary visit in mid-May, the Mission started its work in the country on June 21. In the days leading up to the election, members of the Mission held meetings with federal and local elections authorities and government officials, political parties, candidates and civil society in order to understand the technical aspects of the elections process and the views of the various stakeholders about the elections.
    [Show full text]
  • Mexico: Investment and Business Opportunities
    Mexico: Investment and business opportunities Second edition October 2014 Acknowledgements This publication compiles information published by PwC and other organisations that dedicated time and effort to promote Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Mexico. The Mexican Government setup a series of significant and challenging reforms to transform the country and help it become an even more attractive economy to investors that are seeking to expand their presence in Mexico, also for newcomers to the Mexican market to produce and sell their goods or products within Mexico, and at the same time take the Mexican competitive advantage of Nafta, Pacific Alliance and the more than 40 commercial agreements that distinguish the Mexican Economy to expand to other markets. We hope this publication helps you on your path to success. Special thanks to my colleagues that invested their time and dedication to put together this publication: Walter Alejandro Heredia, Senior Manager, International Business Centre Natalia Moncada, Business Intelligence, International Business Centre Lisamaria Markula, Leader Nordic Desk, International Business Centre Carlos Parrodi, Commercial Assurance Services, International Business Centre Guilherme Romeo, Commercial Assurance Services, International Business Centre Gabriel Muñozcano, Designer PwC Mexico Chris Williams, United States Practice Leader, International Business Centre Juan Luís García Martínez Lead Partner of International Business Centre Content Introduction to the Mexican economy United Mexican States 7 Country
    [Show full text]
  • How Mexico City Is Transforming a Jitney System Into a World Class Bus Rapid Transit System
    How Mexico City is Transforming a Jitney System into a World Class Bus Rapid Transit System Written by Onesimo Flores Dewey Transforming Urban Transport – The Role of Political Leadership Sponsored by Volvo Research and Educational Foundations (VREF) Hosted at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design Table of Contents Bus Rapid Transit as Key to Mexico City’s Transport Future ......................... 3 Who Championed the BRT Corridor Strategy, and Why? .............................. 5 Mexico City’s surface transit history: Putting the BRT in context ................. 6 The Party Politics of Surface Transit: Asset or Liability? ................................. 9 Fiscal and Institutional Barriers to Transport Policy Reform ....................... 12 Overcoming Obstacles by Expanding Administrative Alliances .................. 14 The Importance of Negotiation ....................................................................... 17 From Proposal to Pilot ..................................................................................... 20 Reaping the Benefits: BRT as a Tool for Citywide Transformation ............. 24 Expanding Mexico City’s BRT system ............................................................. 29 Conclusion ......................................................................................................... 34 List of interviewees, Mexico City case. ........................................................... 39 References ........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mexico's 2012 Elections
    Mexico’s 2012 Elections Clare Ribando Seelke Specialist in Latin American Affairs September 4, 2012 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42548 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Mexico’s 2012 Elections Summary U.S. policy makers have closely followed the 2012 elections in Mexico, a key ally with whom the United States shares a nearly 2,000-mile border and some $450 billion in annual bilateral trade. On July 1, 2012, Mexico held federal (presidential and legislative) elections. Turnout reached record levels as 63% of eligible voters cast their ballots. Mexico’s Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) conducted the elections with the oversight of the Federal Electoral Tribunal (TEPFJ). Some election observers asserted that vote-buying and other irregularities marred the electoral process, while observers from the Organization of American States generally praised IFE’s handling of the elections. After considering all legal challenges to the results, the TEPFJ found insufficient evidence of vote-buying to warrant an annulment of the vote. The Tribunal declared Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) candidate Enrique Peña Nieto, a former governor of the state of Mexico, president-elect on August 31, 2012. Peña Nieto will take office on December 1, 2012. The centrist PRI that governed Mexico from 1929 to 2000 not only retook the presidency after 12 years of rule by the conservative National Action Party (PAN), but also won a plurality in the Senate and Chamber of Deputies. In the presidential contest, Enrique Peña Nieto captured 38.2% of the vote, followed by Andrés Manuel López Obrador of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) with 31.6%, Josefina Vázquez Mota of the PAN with 25.4%, and Gabriel Quadri of the National Alliance Party (PANAL) with 2.3%.
    [Show full text]
  • Rewarding Voters Through Welfare Transfers in Mexico and Brazil
    Rewarding Voters Through Welfare Transfers in Mexico and Brazil Zaira González Senior Comprehensive Project March 12, 2011 Abstract As Latin American governments address their two biggest social problems, poverty and corruption, implementing more pro-poor and pro-democratic forms of welfare has become a priority in policy making in the region. As a result, during the last decade, discretionary welfare assistance has been replaced by conditional cash transfer programs (CCTs). This paper analyzes the disbursement of Brazil and Mexico‘s main welfare programs, after the victory of both the Mexican center-right National Action Party (PAN) in the 2000 federal elections and of that of Brazilian ex-president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in 2003. I find that in spite of the more robust structure of CCTs, these programs can still serve the political purpose of rewarding voters through an increased disbursement of benefits. The disbursement follows different strategies of politicians to establish and expand their voting base. Introduction In the 1990s, Latin America experienced a current in social policy that sought to move away from discretionary aid towards more pro-poor and pro-democratic forms of welfare. In 1997 Mexican President Ernesto Zedillo implemented the conditional cash transfer program (CCT) PROGRESA, which in 2002 changed its name to Oportunidades. The program requires households to improve their nutrition, health, and education in order to receive a definite amount of money. Like Progresa, Brazil‘s Bolsa Família, which was introduced in 2003 by President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, sought to condition disbursements (Lindert, 2007: 2). Due to their universal criteria, these programs are hard to manipulate for political ends.
    [Show full text]