AFRICA’S BEST READ

July 26 to August 1 2019 Vol 35 No 30 @mailandguardian mg.co.za Protect us from this mess

OWho’s feeding the PP her info?

OWho’s paying for CR?

OWho really has the power?

Pages 3, 4, 5, 8 & 23

PHOTO: MADELENE CRONJÉ 2 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 INSIDE IN BRIEF

NEWS Little red trolls stick ANC on horns of protector dilemma it to Hanekom NUMBERS OF THE WEEK One opposition party want to keep her and In a revelation that The estimated the other lose her, and the ANC is divided 3 was a shock to eve- death toll from The percentage of the ryone except former Hurricane Maria, Who breathes the worst air in SA? president Jacob South African Reserve 4which645 devastated Puerto Rico in Sep- Jo’burgers do! 6 Zuma — who sees Bank's legal fees public tember 2017. This week thousands of spies lurking every- protector Busisiwe Puerto Rican protesters took to the EFF off to court to support protector where at the best of Mkhwebane has been The party has applied to join the case 8 times — it emerged this 15% streets demanding the resignation of ordered to pay out of her past week that ANC parliamentarian and Governor Ricardo Rosselló over a tranche own pocket by the Constitutional Court Deviations dodge due process former Cabinet minister Derek Hanekom of leaked chat messages containing a The attorney general has found that plotted with the Economic Freedom Fighters joke about the dead bodies of the municipalities are making use of a process to bring down Zuma. This happened in the hurricane intended only for emergencies 9 middle of the eighth vote of no confi dence to victims US be brought against Zuma, and the EFF (along Cuba HEALTH with the South African Communist Party’s 400km An SMS a day saves lives Solly Mapaila) were doing all they could to get A mistake demonstrates the power of health ANC MPs to vote with their consciences rather HaitiH reminders for young people with HIV 10 than their paychecks. Ironically, it was the R1.9bnThe amount EFF that revealed the Hanekom connection, Naspers chief AFRICA thereby stabbing him in the back and causing executive Bob Choppies chief faces the block more ructions in the ANC. Seems like the main van Dijk was Is Africa’s fastest-growing supermarket Panama political programme of the little red trolls is, in paid over the chain a victim of its own success? 16 fact, to stab everyone in the back. That is, eve- Bob previous financial ryone who’s not a former Zuma follower and/ van Dijk Why debt is a human rights issue or leader of the “state capture” faction. year, according to the SADC countries service loans instead of technology giant’s 2019 providing services 18 Mkhwebane sides with EFF remuneration report Having found that Pravin Gordhan, now min- ister of public enterprises but then head of the South African Revenue Service, did all sorts of The amount the live action 890 The number of Sport allegedly illegal things at Sars, public protector remake of The Lion King raked drunk drivers Busisiwe Mkhwebane is now going to probe in over its opening weekend arrested in the appointment of new Sars head Edward Johannesburg in Kieswetter. This clearly aligns her agenda with that of the Economic Freedom Fighters, June. This is accord- who have had it in for Gordhan ever since Sars ing to the Johannesburg hit EFF chief Julius Malema with a huge tax metropolitan police de- bill. The EFF’s Floyd Shivambu concocted a partment’s crime statistics How to breed conspiracy theory against Gordhan, too. The released this week the Barretts EFF recently lost a defamation case brought by Trevor Manuel, who was part of the committee

3 seeking a new Sars head, after the EFF accused $185-million by:Graphic: JOHN McCANN Compiled SARAH SMIT him of nepotism because he was supposedly related to Kieswetter and in business with Churchillian qualities, MEME OF THE WEEK BUSINESS him. Those accusations proved to be false, and as in “we’ll fi ght them on Mining houses celebrate high prices the EFF is now in hock for R500 000 in dam- the beaches” (except he PGMs to blame for the boom 22 ages, but it looks like they want another bite means immigrants — and at the Kieswetter apple — and Mkhwebane is possibly EU customs offi - COMMENT & ANALYSIS giving it to them. cials). Nobody except a The destructive protector few ancient, addled British Getting rid of Mkhwebane won’t be easy 23 Hate speech tweeter Sparrow dies Conservative Party mem- Penny Sparrow, the white South African bers can see any value in Boorish Boris blues woman accused of racism and prosecuted for giving Johnson any power, Trump-on-Thames is no friend of the poor 25 it, has died of lung cancer. In 2016, Sparrow and most of the world is posted three comments on Facebook, raging fi nding it hard to wish this EDUCATION about litter and black people on the beaches rich, racist, xenophobic, Training new teachers diff erently is key of KwaZulu-Natal. The fi rst complained about dishonest toff well in his ‘Lifeworthy’ skills can prepare learners for a “monkeys that are allowed to be released on new job. future we can only partially imagine 30 New Year’s Eve and New Year’s day on to pub- lic beaches”. The second said: “I do know some And Mueller sticks it FRIDAY wonderful and thoughtful black people. This to Trump Tracing the evolution of online news lot of monkeys just don’t want to even try.” The Meanwhile, in the United An extract from Matthew Buckland’s third was a blunt statement of intent: “From States, the “nemesis” of posthumous book 43 now I shall address the blacks of South Africa the American Boris has as monkeys,” she wrote. She was charged in testifi ed in Congress Science of making art the Equality Court and in the Umzinto magis- about his report on the US An interview with Masande Ntshanga, trate’s court with crimen injuria. She pleaded president’s collusion with the Russians, who Price tag on rare tekkies sneaks up author of Triangulum 46 guilty and was fi ned R150 000 in the subverted the US elections in 2016 and Miles Nadal, a Canadian investor, spent a whop- form of a donation to the Oliver and the president’s subsequent attempts ping $1.2-million (American, not Canadian) CROSSWORDS & SUDOKU 4 of SPORT Adelaide Tambo Foundation. to obstruct justice. Robert Mueller, on 100 pairs of rare sneakers — that’s tekkies, a former head of the FBI and in South African. Nadal, who has a private CAREERS, JOBS, APPOINTMENTS 36-41 Lying lout rules Britannia later the special counsel inves- museum in Toronto to show off his collection Boris Johnson has become the tigating the Russian hacks of of vintage and rare cars, is the chief executive United Kingdom’s chief clown. The the US election, repeated what of Peerage Capital, which acquired Sotheby’s right-wing politician and former he’d said in his 448-page report: International Realty Canada a few months ago. journalist (fi red for making things Donald Trump and his campaign The auction at which the shoes were sold was SUBSCRIPTIONS up) is known for having a particularly team colluded with the Russians, run by a diff erent division of Sotheby’s. (In 2015, Published by M&G Media Ltd, Inquiries: 011 447 0696 or disorderly head of hair, for his lies and obfusca- and that Trump’s later denials and evasions Nadal resigned from his chief executive position Eighth Floor, Metal Box, SMS “subs” to 34917 tions, and for waving a kipper around during are bullshit. Okay, he didn’t use that word. at another fi nance company after a commission 25 Owl Street, Braamfontein Complaints: 0860 070 700 Werf, Johannesburg, South a recent speech. That’s a kind of fi sh. He’s also But more bullshit was forthcoming: even raised questions about an expenses claim of Africa. DISTRIBUTION sworn that if he can’t get a new deal from the as Mueller reiterated his damning fi ndings, $8.6-million.) Nadal spent $437 500 on a rare PO Box 91667, Auckland Park, TO SHOPS European Union on Britain’s withdrawal from Trump was tweeting that the testimony was an pair of Nike Waffl e Racing Flat Moon Shoes M&G Media Ltd is now 2006. the group he will go ahead with a “no deal” “epic embarrassment” for Congress Democrats. (size 12.5), plus $850 000 on another 99 pairs of Website: www.mg.co.za responsible for its own newspaper distribution. Brexit, which would be disastrous for Britain Let’s see if impeachment hearings can clear up old tekkies. And you thought your latest pair of CONTACT US If you can’t find your but would allow Johnson to display some the “embarrassment”, then, shall we? Nike Air Max 270s was expensive. Johannesburg: 011 250 7300 favourite read in the Advertising fax: 011 250 7503 shops, please phone Cape Town: 021 426 0802 011 447 0696 Stepping up: One of Cape Town fax: 021 425 9056 Clarifi cation the rare sneakers that Letters to the editor: Printed by Caxton Printers Miles Nadal splashed [email protected] (Pty) Ltd, 14 Wright Street, Based on treasury data, last week the M&G Industria West, 2093 out on Gauteng. 010 492 3394 reported that the National Home Builders Registration Council had awarded a contract worth R979 088 510 through a deviation. The NHBRC actually spent R9 The Mail & Guardian subscribes to the South African Press Code, 790 885. The national treasury notes that which prescribes news that is the error in the data was a typo from its truthful, accurate, fair and balanced. side. “We have since updated the report,” If we don’t live up to the code, it said. please contact the Press Ombudsman at 011 484 3612/8. * Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 3 News ANC fiddles as Mkhwebane burns

As the courts batter the That judgment was so damning that ANC MPs will now almost be public protector, the forced to act against her, even if not ANC in Parliament is immediately. The MP said: “The pressure is on. trying to work out how From the basis of the court judg- to appear to be taking ment, it is on. It’s almost narrow in what needs to be done.” action while keeping Meanwhile, Parliament’s justice portfolio committee chairperson, the the party unified ANC’s Gratitude Magwanishe, said there’s no rush to deal with the issue Lester Kiewit of the public protector. It will come before committee he ANC in Parliament members after MPs return from their says the motion to remove winter break, and only once it has public protector Busisiwe finalised other matters. “It will be TMkhwebane from office [on our agenda] when we come back will not be discussed in from recess. We will fi rst go through caucus before the matter has been the Nomgcobo Jiba and Lawrence dealt with in Parliament’s justice Mrwebi matter. So we will then portfolio committee. turn our attention [to Mkhwebane] This comes as the Democratic around the third of September,” said Alliance intensifies its calls that Magwanishe. Mkhwebane is unfit for office and The committee chairperson said should be removed from her posi- that the committee will take its time tion by MPs. as the motion to remove a sitting In May, the official opposition public protector is a serious matter called on National Assembly speaker and requires attention. “The [DA’s] Thandi Modise to hold an inquiry In the firing line: The future is uncertain for public protector Busisiwe Mkhwebane after the Constitutional letter proposes her removal from into whether Mkhwebane should Court found that she did not fully understand her duties. Photo: Felix Dlangamandla/Netwerk24 offi ce. So it can’t be an easy matter. continue as public protector. Because we are dealing with a chap- At the time, the DA’s chief whip, board in removing Mkhwebane. His claim has been lambasted by ing the gun when it comes to dealing ter nine institution.” John Steenhuisen, said she was not The DA’s leader, Mmusi Maimane, the ANC caucus, which denied any- with Mkhwebane. “There are two Earlier this week Mkhwebane the right person for the job. told the Mail & Guardian that some one had approached the DA. It also extremes here,” said the MP, who did wrote to Modise saying she will fi ght “She has demonstrated an appall- MPs in the ANC want to take the denied suggestions that the caucus not want to be identifi ed. any attempt to remove her; even ingly poor understanding matter forward themselves and holds any position, as yet, over the “The DA has a verdict before there approaching the courts. of both the law, as well as remove Mkhwebane on the major- possible removal of Mkhwebane. The is an inquiry: that she must already Magwanishe said the National of her own powers, and ity party’s own terms. “I know caucus’s acting spokesperson, Andile go. There’s another extreme in the Assembly’s rules are clear regard- has proven that she is the ANC wants to put its own Mdleleni, said: “The matter hasn’t EFF [Economic Freedom Fighters], ing how Parliament hires and fi res not able to act indepen- motion to remove the public been raised in caucus at all. There’s who say don’t touch her. We must a public protector. “The issues of dently,” he said. protector. They tried to reach no decision. There has not even been avoid that until we have a proper appointment and removals are issues Modise’s quick response out to us and said: ‘Let us a discussion.” inquiry where she’ll be allowed to tell covered in the Constitution of the in referring the mat- do it.’ Because they At the same time, Mdleleni said: her side.” country. So it envisages the appoint- ter to the justice don’t want to be seen “As far as the public protector’s But the MP admitted that things ment, and it envisages that at some committee left as taking instruc- report is concerned, we fully support don’t look good for Mkhwebane, point there may be issues and there some believing tions from the the president’s decision to take the particularly after this week’s might be a need for removal. So it is Mkhwebane’s opposition. matter on review.” Constitutional Court ruling, which there,” she said. removal was And to me The report found that President upheld a previous high court judg- If the eff ort to remove Mkhwebane imminent. that’s non- Cyril Ramaphosa misled Parliament ment that set aside her report and goes ahead, it would be the second But fissures sense: we’re by failing to declare his ANC presi- remedial action into the Bankorp- attempt in two years to have her in the facade not going to do dential campaign’s fi nances. Absa matter. removed from office. At the end of of unity in it.” In a press briefing on Sunday The court also found that she did the last parliamentary term, ANC the majority night, the president announced that not fully understand her constitu- MPs rejected a DA request to hold an party indi- No rush: he would be taking it on review. tional duties, and slapped her with investigation into her ability to hold cate that not all Gratitude One ANC MP close to deliberations a personal cost order that has been offi ce. The ANC’s decision was sup- ANC MPs are on Magwanishe on the matter warned of not jump- reported as high as R900 000. ported by the EFF. 4 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 News Under attack by the public protector? No, says the president

Lester Kiewit

President Cyril Ramaphosa does not feel he is being attacked by the public protector, Minister in the Presidency Jackson Mthembu said. This comes as public protector Busisiwe Mkhwebane announced she is investigating the appointment of South African Revenue Service commissioner Edward Kieswetter. He was appointed by Ramaphosa to lead the tax agency in March this year after the former commissioner, Tom Moyane, was fired by the presi- dent in November last year. The announcement of this latest probe follows a week of tumult involv- New dawn: Supporters of President Cyril Ramaphosa at a rally. In her recent report the public protector found that some of the money raised for his ing Mkhwebane and Ramaphosa. The presidential campaign was paid to the Cyril Ramaphosa Foundation. She did not provide further details. Photo: Paul Botes public protector said in a report that the president had misled Parliament and that he violated the executive eth- ics code by not declaring large sums of money raised for his campaign to become the president of the ANC. Report dims Cyril’s halo Two days later, Ramaphosa used a Sunday evening press briefing to announce that he will take the report under urgent judicial review. Mkhwebane’s investigation has put party funding said: “I have evidence which indi- much further than the interim one — “We don’t feel under attack. We cates that some of the money col- Mkhwebane had consulted the secu- have never felt that way about any- in the spotlight, but her motives have been queried lected through the CR17 account was rity agency and the presidency but body,” said Mthembu in a post-Cab- transferred into the Cyril Ramaphosa did not go back to the banks. inet meeting briefing in Cape Town NEWS ANALYSIS public protector herself. Foundation account where it was also She also did not reveal the meet- on Thursday. “The president has said Thanduxolo Jika & Khadija Patel Since assuming office in October transferred to other beneficiaries.” ings with the presidency in her final we respect all structures created by 2017 she has been accused of being a She has since referred her find- report. When she was asked in litiga- our Constitution. And we will support n the end you will fall prey spy as often as she has had her com- ings to the National Prosecuting tion to explain why, she did not. those structures in fulfilling their con- to the perverse logic of petence questioned. Authority, which will pass the infor- She also did not explain why these stitutional obligation.” those dictating the direc- Public Enterprises Minister Pravin mation to the elite crime fighting meetings were not recorded and tran- Mthembu said the issue of the ‘Ition of politics through Gordhan, for one, has not held back unit, the Hawks, to investigate allega- scribed as the other meetings in her public protector’s investigation into their control of the purse in his summation of Mkhwebane as tions of money laundering. investigation had been. the appointment of Kieswetter was strings,” tweeted Neil Coleman, being part of a “fightback” campaign In the report she found Ramaphosa The Constitutional Court concluded not discussed in this week’s Cabinet co-director of the Institute for Eco- aimed at undermining Ramaphosa’s to have “deliberately misled that her explanation made no sense meeting. nomic Justice this week. “new dawn” project. And while Parliament” and that he personally and “compounded the case against In another announcement, When President Cyril Ramaphosa Ramaphosa has certainly been more benefited from the campaign dona- her”. It found her to have conducted Mthembu said the Cabinet had addressed the nation on Sunday measured, he has also raised ques- tions. Mkhwebane listed all the banks her investigation into the Reserve received a report by the presidential night, he appeared at ease, com- tions about the public protector’s she had subpoenaed for records, Bank’s bailout of Bankorp (later expert advisory panel on land reform fortable even. It had been two days motives. which included Absa and FNB. bought by Absa) in bad faith “and in a and agriculture. “The panel was since the public protector, Busisiswe When the president spoke on But Absa denied receiving any sub- grossly unreasonable manner”. appointed by the president to pro- Mkhwebane, had dimmed the shine Sunday, he said that, after con- poena relating to her probes into Mkhwebane had not replied to vide a unified policy perspective on on his halo. But appearances can be sulting his legal team, he believed Ramaphosa. “We wish to place on questions at the time of publishing. land reform.” deceiving. No matter how well the Mkhwebane had overstepped her record that Absa is not aware of such But the questions that she has Land Reform Minister Thoko president emerges from his legal powers in her investigation of his a subpoena and therefore has not thrown out about the amounts of Didiza will provide details of the challenge of Mkhwebane’s findings campaign financing. refused to co-operate with her investi- money that fund our politics will report this weekend. against him, the idea that he may In her investigation, Mkhwebane gation,” the bank said in a statement. remain. And they will grow. This On the appointment of the per- somehow be compromised by the was confined to pursuing the is why people are now calling for son to oversee the restructuring interests of his funders may haunt the R500 000 donation from the corrup- ut, Mkhwebane did not the laws governing political party of power utility Eskom, Mthembu rest of his political career. tion-tainted company, Bosasa, to mention serving a sub- funding be extended to include the said a decision will be made by The sheer scale of funding poured the CR17 campaign. But she strongly Bpoena on Standard Bank, money funnelled into individual’s Public Enterprises Minister Pravin into Ramaphosa’s CR17 ANC presi- infers that in the course of her investi- where the Cyril Ramaphosa campaigns. Gordhan, Finance Minister Tito dential campaign in December 2017 gation she uncovered money launder- Foundation has its account. Political analyst Rendani Ralinala Mboweni and Mineral Resources surprised many when Mkhwebane ing on a much grander scale, linked to “The PP did not request CRF (Cyril said it seemed that the public pro- and Energy Minister Gwede released her report last week. She the CR17 account and that of the Cyril Ramaphosa Foundation) bank state- tector was trying to encourage Mantashe. revealed that hundreds of millions Ramaphosa Foundation. ments,” said presidency spokesperson another complaint when she stated Cabinet will then be notified, of rands was raised. The one number Commentators concluded that the Khusela Diko. “It came as a surprise that she has evidence against the and decide whether to approve the used by Mkhwebane, of R400-million, public protector was, in effect, invit- that she mentioned that she has evi- Cyril Ramaphosa Foundation, but appointment. certainly sounds impressive; about ing a complaint from the public to dence of money going to other benefi- did not make such information “The Cabinet will have to be two times an Nkandla. But the presi- pursue this further. ciaries from the foundation, without available. appraised who the person or per- dent insists that nothing is amiss; this Ramaphosa insists there was giving an opportunity to respond to “The public protector’s graphical sons are when the process has is how politics is done in South Africa. no subpoena to look at the Cyril such.” assertion regarding the money laun- been concluded,” Mthembu said. “CR17’s funds accordingly were Ramaphosa Foundation bank The question then is: How did dering inference is a clear attempt to “Cabinet will be taken into confi- raised from party members, the presi- account, the one alleged to have ulti- the public protector come by this incite the public to file a complaint dence as to who the person is. But dent himself, as well as party support- mately been used to pay unknown information? And what exactly is on such inference since both the the behind the scenes work will be ers and interested parties,” he said beneficiaries. Mkhwebane’s relationship with the DA [Democratic Alliance] and EFF done by the ministers.” in his submission to Mkhwebane, In her investigations into allega- State Security Agency? [Economic Freedom Fighters] com- through his lawyers, Harris Nupen tions of an improper relationship In the Constitutional Court’s put- plaints do not reach that border. Molebatsi Attorneys. between Ramaphosa and Bosasa, now down of Mkhwebane this week, “Wittingly or unwittingly, the pub- The public protector concluded called African Global Operations, with respect to her handling of the lic protector has pulled the trigger “The president has that Ramaphosa may be the object of Mkhwebane said she had found evi- Bankorp matter, questions were like an infantry soldier to scare South said we respect all another kind of “capture”; funds com- dence that indicated that some of the asked about a meeting she had with Africans about the character of the mitted to the “CR17 campaign were money collected through the CR17 the security agency and former presi- president and the CR17 campaign structures created by some form of sponsorship”. campaign was paid into the Cyril dent Jacob Zuma. It had emerged in with a sole intention to draw com- our Constitution. And so, a new site of controversy Ramaphosa Foundation and to other court papers that, in between the monalities between the exponents of And we will support has emerged around Mkhwebane — beneficiaries from the foundation. preliminary report and the release state capture and all who are at work but central to this controversy is the In her final report, Mkhwebane of her final report — which went to get rid of it.” those structures” Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 5 News How to impeach the protector

After the Constitutional Court judgment against her, removing Busisiwe Mkhwebane from her position is the obvious next step. But it is a difficult process — it was designed to be, to protect the independence of the public watchdog

NEWS ANALYSIS Franny Rabkin

he country’s highest court — from which there is no appeal or review — has awarded both punitive and per- Tsonal costs against public protector Busisiwe Mkhwebane. This is a mark of disapproval of a constitutional office-bearer so severe and so rare that in his dissenting judg- ment Chief Justice Mogoeng Mogoeng even described it as a “novelty”. The majority judgment, however, explained why it was appropriate: “The punitive costs mechanism exists to counteract reprehensible behaviour on the part of the litigant.” This had been the case since “more than 100 years ago, [when] Innes CJ stated the principle,” said the Watching her step: On Monday the Constitutional Court upheld the high court’s personal costs order against public protector Busisiwe court. Mkhwebane in the Absa-Bankorp matter. Photo: Phill Magakoe/AFP In refusing to interfere in the costs order of the high court, the Constitutional Court committee should investigate. In this case, the the public protector. Strictly speaking, the EFF report must be debated and voted on. It’s an endorsed its finding that Mkhwebane had acted complaint from the Democratic Alliance has judgment does not apply to the public protec- intricate process and the rules — even the ones in bad faith and did “not fully understand her been sent to the justice committee. Nor does tor, because it was about the president. But if for a presidential impeachment — have never constitutional duty to be impartial and to per- the Constitution establish any rules for how the Parliament were to go ahead with a process been tested (cue intervening court cases). And, form her functions without fear, favour or preju- committee proceeds. that is not in line with the judgment, it would even once all that has been done, there is still dice”. The Constitutional Court went further, Parliament’s rules also do not cater for this risk a court challenge by Mkhwebane. the politics of it all in gathering a two-thirds saying Mkhwebane had told “falsehoods” and process — which may be where the problem To be safe, Parliament would probably have majority. A recommendation from the inde- had given contradictory explanations for why arises. to adopt a new set of rules for the public protec- pendent panel or the impeachment committee she had meetings with the president and had There is a judgment from the Constitutional tor, which could be largely based on the ones is not binding, say the rules. not disclosed them in her report. It also impli- Court that deals with how to impeach the presi- for the president. They could not be identical, The other path that some people are suggest- cated her competence, saying her “entire model dent under section 89 of the Constitution. The however, because while the provisions are very ing as a way to remove Mkhwebane — through of investigation was flawed”. public protector is not the president, but the similar, they are not identical. a successful application to strike her off the After such a judgment, Mkhwebane’s wording of the two sections is very similar. The rules for the president provide for a roll of advocates — would not necessarily auto- impeachment is the obvious next step. But In the 2018 case between the Economic preliminary investigation by a panel of three matically disqualify her from being the public removing a public protector is a difficult process Freedom Fighters and the speaker of “fit and proper, competent, experienced and protector. Being an advocate is only one of a — it was designed to be, to protect the independ- Parliament, the Constitutional Court said respected South Africans, which may include a number of qualifications that allow someone ence of her office. that, before any process to impeach the presi- judge, and who collectively possess the neces- to be appointed public protector. Ten years of The Constitution says that the public pro- dent, there must be a factual inquiry — to sary legal competence and experience”. experience in the public service is also suffi- tector may be removed only by a motion sup- decide whether there has been misconduct or The panel would assess if there is enough cient. An argument could be made that, if she ported by a two-thirds majority of the National incompetence. evidence to go ahead with an impeachment was appointed on the basis that she was an Assembly — a minimum of 267 “ayes”, say the Importantly, the judgment said that it would process and must do so within 30 days. The admitted advocate, she would be disqualified Rules of Parliament. She may be removed only be “impossible” to impeach the president House would then decide whether to proceed for the job if she were struck off. But it is more on the grounds of incompetence, misconduct or “without rules defining the entire process”. And with an inquiry, and if it does there must be likely that a striking off would boost the case lack of capacity; and only after a finding of one these cannot be ad hoc procedures drawn from an impeachment committee “to establish the that she is not fit and proper, rather than itself of these by a committee of Parliament. rules that apply elsewhere, said the judgment. veracity and, where required, the seriousness being enough. Then, once the process of the committee is As a result, Parliament has made such rules of the charges”. The system was designed to make her under way, the president has the power to sus- for impeaching the president. They were This committee then makes a recommenda- removal this difficult. That’s how the independ- pend the public protector, says the Constitution. announced in August 2018. But there are no tion to Parliament, with a report that includes ence of the public watchdog is guaranteed from The Constitution does not specify which rules specifically in place for impeachment of all views expressed in the committee. Then the political interference.

WHAT’S ON AT WITS

Governance, Data, and the Politics of Migration and Health: Implications for universal health coverage in Southern Africa

Wits University, along with African and global partners, hosts a public symposium on Migration and Health in southern Africa. The symposium concludes with the regional launch of the UCL-Lancet Commission on Migration and Health.

Read more about Wits migration research on the online Curiosity magazine via www.wits.ac.za/curiosity

DATE: Thursday, 1 August 2019 | TIME: 09:00 – 18:00 | VENUE: Wits Club, Braamfontein Campus West, Wits University RSVP: [email protected] | DETAILS: www.migration.org.za

6 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 News Live in JHB, lose three years of life

The air in South Africa’s biggest city is the country’s most an Air Quality Life Index, which calculates how In Cape Town, the average air pollution was many years people lose from living in polluted recorded at 10% of that in Johannesburg — polluted, playing havoc with health, so move to Cape Town areas for their whole life. with people, on average, not losing any years as Globally, they found that air pollution from a result of the cumulative eff ect of dirty air. Sipho Kings tries and power plants. All of this results in tiny particulate matter (a measure of the tiny, hair- Government, through the environment particles in the air that people suck deep into width dust particles that fl oat about in the air) department, has promised more action in ome 13-million people live in Gaut- their lungs. There they lodge and enter the blood is the single greatest threat to human life. On priority air pollution areas such as the Vaal eng. Every single one of those people vessels, breaking down tissue. average, across the world, air pollution costs Triangle and Mpumalanga where Eskom runs are breathing in air that is toxic, and The exact human toll of this has been hard each person 1.8 years of their life. 12 coal-fi red power plants. Sis shortening their lives. For the four to pin down. The World Health Organisation Using pollution measurements from satel- But action in cities such as Johannesburg million people in Johannesburg, that (WHO) says 20 000 South Africans die each lites, the researchers concluded that the air in is stymied by little data on who is responsible air means people die three years earlier than year because of air pollution. Eskom has said Johannesburg is the worst in the country and for what pollution, and too few offi cials to fi ne they would if they were breathing Cape Town’s its pollution leads to 333 deaths a year. Other costs people 3.23 years of their life. polluters. air. companies don’t share the eff ects of their pol- The second-worst place was Sedibeng district South Africa’s legal limits on particulate mat- Previous Mail & Guardian reports have luting activities. municipality, south of Johannesburg, which ter pollution also allow pollution levels to be at shown that, for at least half of the time, the air in There has been little local research on where includes the area where hugely polluting indus- double the levels that the WHO says are safe for Johannesburg is unsafe. This is thanks to a mix- these deaths happen. But clues are contained in tries such as Sasol and ArcelorMittal are based. human health. ture of dust blown into the city, exhaust fumes research published late last year by the Earth People in Tshwane metro municipality, north And large industrial polluters, including from the nearly five million cars in Gauteng, Policy Institute at the University of Chicago in of Johannesburg, lose 2.82 years of their life liv- Eskom, have been consistently given exemption fi res in homes, and pollution from small indus- the United States. Researchers there created ing in the city. from complying with even these unsafe levels. Limpopo’s number of pit toilets don’t add up

Bongekile Macupe we have to increase the number of seats as per learner enrolment, inappropriate meaning we Polly Boshielo, the Limpopo MEC for educa- have to maintain and refurbish to keep them tion, has committed to eliminating pit toilets in up to the required standards,” he said. the province by the end of this fi nancial year. The province, it seems, cannot decide how Giving her maiden budget speech, Boshielo many pit toilets it has — or what constitutes a said the department had put aside R1.05- toilet. billion for infrastructure development. The affi davit came after a court order in the She said that there are 507 schools with pit Michael Komape judgment, which required toilets in Limpopo. The national basic educa- the department to provide the court with tion department would replace these pit toilets names and locations of all schools in rural with proper sanitation at 300 of the schools, areas with pit toilets and the estimated period and her department would do the same at the required to replace the toilets. remaining 207 schools. Five-year-old Komape drowned in fae- Boshielo promised: “There will be no talk of ces after falling into a pit toilet at the pit latrines in the next fi nancial year.” Mahlodumela Primary School, outside But, in an affidavit filed in the Polokwane Polokwane, in 2014. He had been in grade R for Messy: Pit toilets at a Limpopo school. Photo: Andrew Hlongwane/Gallo Images/Sowetan high court last year, the provincial department only three days. said it had “identifi ed 1 658 schools with sanita- The judgment came after a lawsuit was that had led to an infrastructure backlog in the was alarming that they were not part of the list tion needs and 1 489 of these schools having pit brought by advocacy group Section27 against province. of schools the provincial department was look- toilets on site”. the national department of education and the “These challenges have compelled the ing at improving. This, it said, aff ected 540 453 learners and Limpopo department of education, on behalf department to defer some of the programmes Last year, after the death of five-year-old would take 14 years to eradicate — a process of the Komape family. to later years,” reads the affi davit. Lumka Mketwa, who fell into a pit toilet at that would start only in 2026. In that case, in 2017, the court heard how the Advocacy group Equal Education said the Luna Primary School in Bizana in the Eastern Despite this earlier admission, the spokes- school principal and governing body had writ- provincial department showed disregard for Cape, President Cyril Ramaphosa ordered person for the provincial department, Sam ten to the provincial department as far back as the risks associated with pit toilets. It also said the department of basic education to conduct Makondo, insisted that the province only has 2008, asking for new toilets. The school only it was shocking that no reason was given why an audit on school sanitation. This revealed 507 schools with pit toilets. got new toilets six years later — after Michael’s eradication of pit toilets would only start in that there were 3 898 schools that still had pit He told the Mail & Guardian that the 1 489 death. 2026. toilets. number in the affi davit referred to schools that In its affi davit, fi led in August last year, the Equal Education also said in its answering Appearing before the portfolio committee in needed improved sanitation facilities — but department cited budget constraints and affi davit that it had visited 16 schools in the November, the department of basic education that they did not have pit toilets. the delay by implementing agents and other province in September last year and found that said its target was to have eradicated all pit “These facilities are inadequate, meaning organs of state as some of the major obstacles 10 of them had “dangerous toilets”, and that it toilets in the country by 2019/20.

Masterclass PROTECTION OF PERSONAL INFORMATION ACT Is your business ready?

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SLICE OF LIFE Going up in the world

My life changed for the better the day I heard I was going to be retrenched. I was working as a transaction clerk in Harare. When the currency was dollarised, my job became redundant. I tried to look for work but it was difficult. So I came to South Africa in 2009 to look for a job and found myself here, working in the CBD as a receptionist — and operating an antique elevator. It’s one of the oldest lifts in Cape Town and people come here just to see it. They want to experience it because it’s still manually operated. So I give them a ride a few floors up. With work, I could also find another love — reading. This fed my interest in African literature and history, and I started thinking about my own stories. So I started writing. My first book was about the ongoing conflict between South Africans and refugees from other countries. I then decided to pen my own story, The Exodus Down South, to help people under- stand why we come from our own countries to South Africa. And I wanted people to see how we are living in this country. I also have a collection of short stories, poetry and I’m working on another novella. Getting retrenched opened up a lot of doors for me. Without that day I would never have been in South Africa and I would never have written my book. — Receptionist, lift operator and author, Oswald Kucherera, 33, as told to Lester Kiewit Photo: David Harrison lly (NACA) Interest Interest lly (NACA) 23492/E BLACK RIVER F.C.

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INVESTMENTS / BANKING / LOANS / INSURANCE 8 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 News EFF: Cyril is using Jacob’s tactics

The opposition party has sought to enter into litigation scheduled for the week ahead

Franny Rabkin

he Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) have once again entered the fray in support of the public protec- ‘Spurious’: President Cyril Ramaphosa has rejected the public protector’s claim that he has taken sides in her battle with Public Enterprises Ttor, this time in the legal stand-off Minister Pravin Gordhan. Photo: Paul Botes between Busisiwe Mkhwebane and Cyril Ramaphosa. had indeed taken note of the findings in this interim interdict to suspend the remedial action. tector’s Nkandla report”, he said. An urgent court case, to be heard on Tuesday report — as directed. And, since the nature The case was heard on Tuesday this week. But, Gardee said Ramaphosa had relied on the in the Pretoria high court, was brought by and the timing of the disciplinary action was in the pension payout case, he did not. fact that, in the pension report, he had not Ramaphosa after an increasingly heated left to his discretion — she did not put a time- The public protector said that Ramaphosa’s been given a time limit for the implementa- exchange of correspondence with the public frame in place — the appropriate course was to court case “leaves a sour taste in the mouth”. tion of remedial action. “The president capi- protector. At its heart are their respective posi- await the outcome of the court case brought by “Stripped of all pretence, this application seeks talises on this to argue that all he has to do tions on whether or not he has implemented Gordhan. He said he had informed her of all of to achieve what Minister Gordhan failed to do now is promise to comply, but actual compli- the remedial action that she directed in her this in the implementation plan that she had two months ago, in May 2019, when he con- ance can wait until Mr Gordhan’s review is report into the early pension payout of former directed him to provide. sciously, but unadvisedly, launched his review finished (or sometime else that the president South African Revenue Service (Sars) deputy Mkhwebane came out guns blazing on application without seeking interim relief.” deems appropriate). Points for creativity, but commissioner Ivan Pillay. Tuesday in her response, suggesting that Now, the EFF have applied to join the case, that is no way to comply with the binding In her report, Mkhwebane found that Ramaphosa was inappropriately siding with in the public interest. In an affidavit, EFF sec- remedial action of a public protector’s report.” Gordhan’s approval of the early payment of Gordhan in their “acrimonious” dispute. “More retary general Godrich Gardee said the oppo- He agreed with Mkhwebane that Ramaphosa Pillay’s pension, with full benefits, was irregu- so when that dispute ... involves a minister who sition party had no interest in defending the wanted an interdict “by another name” and lar and directed Ramaphosa to take note of is generally regarded as being a close friend or “incumbent of the office of the public protector. that Ramaphosa had failed to make out a case her findings and take appropriate disciplinary ally of the president’s,” she said. But the EFF does have an interest in defending for an interdict. action against Gordhan. Mkhwebane and Gordhan are embroiled in the effectiveness of the office itself”. In replying court papers, filed on Thursday, Gordhan, however, has taken the case to litigation about two of her reports: the pension Gardee said Ramaphosa’s claim that he had Ramaphosa said Mkhwebane’s contention that court on review, prompting the president to pay-out report and the one into the so-called implemented the remedial action was “nothing he had taken sides was “spurious”. The point of await its outcome before taking disciplinary “rogue unit” at Sars. but tactics, filibustering and brinkmanship”. the case was to obtain certainty — for the par- steps. In the rogue unit case, where the report gave He said these tactics were not new — “former ties and the for the public, he said. Ramaphosa said he believed he had com- a 30-day timeframe for implementing remedial president Zuma adopted a similar wait-and-see “The public protector’s attempt to personal- plied with Mkhwebane’s order because he action, Gordhan went urgently to court for an strategy in response to the former public pro- ise this matter is truly unfortunate.”

         Estina-linked politicians brought      into Zondo commission’s crosshairs     Sarah Smit initiated, was at Zuma’s hearing.         On Monday, Free State legislature The Zondo commission of inquiry member Roy Jankielsohn accused     into state capture has set its sights on Magashule of being aware of irregu- the politicians allegedly behind the larities relating to the project, initi-      Gupta-linked Estina dairy project in ated by the Free State government in the Free State. 2012 as part of its efforts to boost the At the end of Ephraim Dhlamini’s province’s agricultural economy. evidence on Wednesday, Deputy Dhlamini’s evidence, backed up by Chief Justice Raymond Zondo fellow intended beneficiary Meshack thanked the intended beneficiary of Ncongwane, addressed a gap in pre- the failed project for appearing before vious investigations into how Estina   the commission, despite threats on allegedly benefited from a project his life. paid for by the Free State govern-     Zondo criticised those in govern- ment — the role played by politicians. ment who have withheld evidence Public protector Busisiwe       !" # "!$%  & #!' &%# related to state capture even though Mkhwebane’s 2018 report and the  !"!#! “they would all pretend and like eve- National Prosecuting Authority’s  ()         rybody to believe that they support provisionally withdrawn case . .     * (         *  +      !  /"  0 the work of the commission”. failed to move on former Free State       ,!    &  -"    Zondo’s words capped off what had Agriculture MEC Mosebenzi Zwane 1 ,             -      ,  ,         , been a sombre retelling of how small- or Magashule. scale farmers from Thembalihle Her report was set aside by the $!%  township in Vrede were allegedly high court in May. She has lodged an    promised a lifeline by politicians, appeal against the ruling.  0//* ,/2'.1    3<  5367 only to be abandoned and threat- Dhlamini said that Zwane advo- *.34  5367,   "=    ened with death if they spoke out. cated for the project from the get-go.   +         .   Dhlamini’s appearance before the He recounted a 2012 meeting in  8 ,,-         commission, attended by only a few Thembalihle during which Zwane 3569:34;4</4;<3,   6;033 members of the public, was in stark said the dairy project “would bring contrast to the week before when for- jobs to the impoverished, help build mer president Jacob Zuma was wel- a clinic and fix the roads”. comed with applause by the crowd. Mkhwebane has started a second ANC secretary general Ace investigation focusing on the role of Magashule, who was the Free State politicians in the Estina matter. This premier when the dairy project was report is due at the end of August. Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 9 News Wild leaps through SA’s loopholes

In part three of a series tract having lapsed two years before — meaning there was plenty of time on how government Deviations by the truckload for due process to be followed. entities get around City of Johannesburg’s deviation spending on vehicle fleets in 2017-18 Though the AG’s offi ce would not be drawn into the specific cases of procurement processes, the City of Johannesburg, the auditor Name of fleet Fleet company Regulation Type of vehicles Amount spent Athandiwe Saba in Pretoria did note that many of the Deviation Non-specialised emergencies cited by state entities Vanilla fleet Afrirent R1.2bn looks at why this is a regulation 32 vehicles for the city are self-infl icted. “If I am running an organisation, big problem for the Deviation Fire and Red fleet TFM R583m I have my strategic objectives and auditor general’s office, regulation 36 emergency fleet goals to achieve [and] I need to do proper planning to meet my goals. taxpayers and citizens Deviation Waste Green fleet Avis R372m There is an annual procurement regulation 36 management fleet plan that entities must follow. This overnment procure- is prescribed by treasury. We ask the ment — due process question: ‘What did the entity do to and the intricacies of General irregular expenditure in 2017-18 ensure that when the contract comes various laws — can to an end there is a replacement sup- G City of Johannesburg R500-million seem boring, but this is plier ready?’ ” where much of the corruption that All municipalities R21. 24-billion When it comes to procurement, the wastes billions in taxpayers’ money Reasons given for irregular spending: Non- audit teams go through a rigorous happens. compliance with supply chain management risk-assessment process before even With the high stakes comes a selecting the cases they are going to team of officials from the office of test. This is a process that includes the auditor general (AG), who are Municipalities are the worst offenders in terms of understanding the entity so that the always on high alert. Trained to pick not going through proper procurement processes: auditors can more easily pick up up discrepancies using a trove of what is outside of the norm. Three quotations 54% of municipalities computer-assisted audit tools, they How the entity goes about ensur- have been working extra hard since not invited 27% of govt. departments ing services are rendered is impor- 2009, when instances of people cir- Competitive bids 45% of municipalities tant, the auditor added. Without cumventing procurement processes going through the proper tender pro- Graphic: JOHN McCANN not invited 23% of govt. departments started to spike. This team can easily Compiled by: M&G DATADESK Data sources: AG, CoJ cess, the public will not know if the quote regulations out of any Act and price was the most cost-eff ective. As indicate that there isn’t much that of Johannesburg recorded R900- to a nuclear power plant being built said that, since about 2009, their has been seen in many municipali- still shocks them. million in irregular expenditure, after a dubious tender process. offi ce started noting a very big prob- ties, it also means less money for crit- Auditors expose all kinds of irregu- relating to the provision of fl eet man- After weeks of investigating the lem in entities abusing the regula- ical services such as adequate water larities through their work in govern- agement and support services by worrying procurement processes tions and piggybacking on contracts and sanitation. ment. This work can land them in German software company SAP. used by the City of Johannesburg, done by other entities. All this hap- The scale of corruption, which is dangerous situations. Last year the Irregular expenditure, according which enrich some big contractors, pens through deviations — a process increasingly being revealed by the AG in KwaZulu-Natal withdrew the to the AG defi nition, means that the the Mail & Guardian spoke to audi- that allows contracts to be awarded Zondo commission of inquiry into whole team auditing the books of the expenditure was in contravention of tors at the AG’s offi ce about the red to sole suppliers or in cases of an state capture, often seems over- eThekwini metropolitan municipal- the law — either the tender was not fl ags raised when people use devia- emergency without going through whelming. But the AG’s office has ity after a series of death threats. advertised or required permission tions from regular procurement the regular tender process. The law now been given signifi cant new pow- Every year the AG reports bil- was not obtained. It can range from processes. on deviations is simple: deviate only ers to enforce the laws that already lions in irregular expenditure. In a town council buying pens without A senior auditor, sitting in a drab in exceptional cases. allow for accounting officers to be the past financial year, the City getting three quotations, all the way government offi ce block in Pretoria, The senior auditor said: “We have held accountable. For example, the power to question why there was losses can be recovered from munici- a need to deviate from the processes. pal managers and director generals Just a few examples of dodging due process An emergency may occur when there who oversaw deviations and other is a serious and unexpected situa- irregularities. O Fundudzi Forensic Services O Between June and December capture that the airline made con- tion that poses an immediate risk to These new powers will allow the investigated the Bridge City project last year, Eskom obtained devia- tractual agreements with empow- health, life, a property, which calls AG to build on existing successes. in eThekwini municipality, where tions worth some R27-billion for oil erment company EML Engineers for urgent action and there is insuf- The auditor said: “I must note that Crowie Projects was appointed the and coal, among other services and and Construction to supply jet fuel fi cient time to call for bids.” the areas that we have rigorously project manager without following products. at Pilanesberg using a deviation. This is often not the case, though. focused on, such as confl icts of inter- procurement processes. A devia- O The Estina dairy contract O An Oudtshoorn municipal The M&G reported two weeks ago est, have shown a drastic reduction. tion was used instead. in the Free State was concluded manager, Noël Pietersen, was on the results of analysing 80 con- A lot of people have been dismissed O For years former water and using a deviation, making way for sentenced to fi ve years in jail for tracts that the City of Johannesburg from their workplace.” sanitation minister Nomvula Gupta-owned companies and ANC deviating from procurement pro- had awarded over five years. The With consequences, people start Mokonyane used deviations to members to allegedly pilfer R220- cesses and appointing an advisory contracts, worth about R3.9-billion, to change their behaviour, he said. push through contracts worth bil- million from the public coff ers. company using a deviation while were recommended to bypass the “When we identify issues and there is lions, leaving the department broke O Estelle Loock, the co-ordinator the services were already being regular tender process. This included action taken, it starts to address the and with a R2.5-billion increase in for SA Express, told the Zondo performed by another company. — three of the city’s biggest fl eet con- behaviour.” irregular expenditure. commission of inquiry into state Athandiwe Saba tracts. In one case, the deviation was Deviations are now the place where signed off , despite the previous con- action is being taken. 10 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Health An SMS a day keeps teens alive

By making a devastating mistake, this clinic proved it was on the right track

Joan van Dyk To help remind WhizzKid patients to collect their drugs on time, the t was July 2018, Amsterdam. organisation uses simple SMS Brooke Wurst felt her cellphone reminders. buzz in her pocket. Around When young people come to the At the touch of a button: The WhizzKids clinic uses fingerprint technology to harness the power of data, Iher, thousands of public health clinic, their fingerprints are scanned. tracking how long patients such as Siphesihle Zondi spend waiting to whether or not they’ve picked up experts were bustling to their Each person’s fingerprint is linked their medication. Photos: Wikus de Wet next engagement at the International to their medical profile, which logs Aids Conference which was being whether they are on HIV medication, whether the messages were short Triad Trust data shows that, with- Within a month of the fresh batch held in the city. and when they are due to collect their or long, and whether they were sent out the familiar pings of monthly of SMSs going out, the number of Wurst was frozen in place. She next monthly refill of ARVs. daily, weekly or only when needed. reminders on their phones, less than teens and young people at WhizzKids had been waiting for this WhatsApp “As soon as the system picks Cochrane reviews are widely recog- a quarter of patients who should have fetching treatment had doubled. message. up [that] someone has missed an nised as one of the strongest types of collected their ARVs actually did. Wurst concludes: “We could She’s an entrepreneur who heads appointment to come and fetch their research reviews in healthcare, sift- Once the mistake was uncovered, quickly see the real power of ARVs.” up an HIV nonprofit called the ARVs, they will get an SMS within ing through and making sense of all both the WhizzKids and TriadTrust Triad Trust. The trust runs a pro- two days,” WhizzKids country direc- of the scientific evidence on any given teams rushed to make sure a fresh oday, SMS reminders go out gramme for a small nonprofit in tor Gugu Mofokeng says. topic. batch of SMSs was loaded onto Twithout a hitch. But Wurst says KwaZulu-Natal, helping it to deliver And if they still don’t show up, that In Pietermaritzburg, Zondi spends the system. In addition, Mofokeng there are lessons to be learned: SMS reminders to more than 1 000 patient will keep getting messages: so much time at the academy that assigned an employee the task of “It’s great to have a tool like this, teens and young people — the mes- One after five days and another one he can be reminded in person to col- checking weekly that enough air- but if you’re not using it right — it’s sages prompt them to take their HIV after a month. lect his medication — this means he time has been loaded onto the SMS worthless.” treatment. Wurst, who invented the tool, hasn’t received a reminder SMS in system. A 2018 research review published Wurst had been texting back and explains: “Since many people share ages. One by one, reminders started re- in the Journal of Medical Internet forth with one of her colleagues phones, messages are discreet to But then, for a long time last year, appearing on patients’ phones, call- Research looked at more than 220 about what she thought was an easy- avoid accidentally revealing some- neither had anybody else. ing them back to the clinic. studies. Solutions that increased to-fix glitch in the system. one’s HIV status.” Within a week of the return of the health workers’ workloads, or She anxiously opened the mes- Messages are often in isiZulu and ack in Amsterdam, Brooke SMSes, the number of patients who changed the role they held in facilities sage. It was only 10 words long, but would read something like: “Don’t BWurst was staring at her phone were virally suppressed tripled, the by, for instance, making them have to the implications were huge — even forget to pick up your parcel at the in disbelief. organisation’s unpublished data explain new technology, were among deadly. academy.” When a WhizzKids employee had shows. those listed as more likely to fail. Wurst remembers her stomach When researchers surveyed almost flagged something was awry with Viral suppression happens when Wurst explains: “These tools should dropping when she read the text: “I 300 HIV patients at a public clinic the electronic health system she had patients take their HIV medication help people on the ground spend less was devastated.” in Brakpan, in eastern Gauteng, designed for the organisation, Wurst so well that the virus can no longer be time with their eyes on a screen and they found that about three quarters was sure the solution was as simple detected in their bodies by viral load more time with eyes on a child who n a bright green pitch, a boys’ had never missed a dose. But just as turning the server on and off. tests. Research has shown that it is needs your help.” Osoccer team practises their under one in 10 patients had skipped But it turns out, the problem wasn’t scientifically impossible for patients A high turnover of staff was also drills ahead of a friendly between two and four days of treat- electronic at all. It was human error. who are virally suppressed to trans- linked to mhealth solutions’ — match. ment in the year that the research “The SMS system hasn’t been mit the virus. mobile technologies such as mobile Siphesihle Zondi, 22, is bounding was conducted, the 2014 study, topped up in nine months,” Wurst’s South Africa’s HIV plan aims to phones and tablets to deliver health- away from the pitch at the nonprofit published in the African Journal colleague texted from halfway across get 90% of people on HIV treatment care — failure, the research showed. WhizzKids United Health Academy of Primary Health Care & Family the world. virally suppressed by 2020. The coun- Mofokeng says this is especially and running up a set of wooden steps Medicine, found. Wurst was worried. try’s newest HIV household survey, true in the nongovernmental organi- leading to the organisation’s clinic. A 2016 review by the United “How many kids could be strug- published in 2018, showed that it is sation sector. “I had only just started Young people such as Zondi are Kingdom’s Cochrane research net- gling because of this?” she wondered. close to reaching this target: 86% at WhizzKids when we realised the drawn to the Pietermaritzburg non- work revealed that overall reminder Mofokeng explains: “We had paid of South Africans taking ARVs had SMSs weren’t going through. I didn’t profit with hopes of playing for its texts improve how well HIV patients for 500 SMSes, but they were all undetectable levels of the virus in know this was something that had to soccer league. If they’re lucky, they take their medicine. This was true gone.” their blood. be checked.” might even be coached by former And then there’s the human Bafana Bafana captain Mbulelo element. Mabizela, who works for the “The one thing that saved us when organisation. the SMSs went down was that we Youngsters come to practise cor- were still going into communities to ner kicks and headers, but they also find the patients who weren’t coming get access to WhizzKids’ computer to pick up their pills,” she says. labs, tutors and books. And they can In 2018, this team of counsel- visit the organisation’s youth-friendly lors and community health work- clinic for free treatment for TB, HIV ers found over 150 patients who had and other sexually transmitted infec- stopped coming for treatment, the tions (STIs). organisation’s annual report shows. Zondi was born with HIV and has Social workers are an essential part of been collecting his antiretrovirals this team. (ARVs) at WhizzKids for almost eight Mofokeng says: “They pick up years. issues in the household that a coun- “The clinic has become like a sec- sellor might miss.” ond home to me. I hardly ever forget At the academy, school is over to fetch my pills,” he says. for the day and young people have But some of his peers need started trickling onto the grounds. reminding. On the phone from New York, Globally, almost 40% of HIV- Wurst is confident WhizzKids has positive people between the ages found a winning solution: “Someone of 12 and 24 who are on treatment dropped the ball. It happens, but don’t take their medication correctly once it was fixed … my, were the — they may skip doses or don’t take results powerful.” their treatment regularly to bring the level of HIV in their blood down This story was produced by the to low enough levels to live a healthy Bhekisisa Centre for Health Journalism life, a review of 50 studies published Come for the game, stay for the check-up: Being coached by a former Bafana Bafana player is just one way www.bhekisisa.org in the journal AIDS found in 2014. WhizzKids helps draw young people into its health services. Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 11 News Maimane: I’m not here to guard Cyril

In an interview with Lester Kiewit, the head of the own party. That’s madness. We are official opposition says Ramaphosa cannot expect going to be in this movie for forever others to defend him against his own party and a day. The sooner we realise we need to live in a post-liberation move- ment, post-ANC movement, where emocratic Alliance then presidential hopeful. we can form better alliances for the leader Mmusi Maimane Ramaphosa has taken the report people of this country [the better].” believes laying a com- on judicial review, but damage to his He said the past week’s events Dplaint with the public anti-corruption stance has already have greatly affected perceptions of protector’s office against been done. And, although Maimane’s Ramaphosa’s “new dawn”, and the President Cyril Ramaphosa was the complaint has weakened the presi- influence of money in politics. right thing to do. dent, the DA also wants to remove “The president is under real pres- It is his grievance over a R500 000 the public protector. sure. He’s cast his whole line and has donation by utilities company The party said she has a low grasp to depend on this judicial review. African Global Operations, formerly of the duties of her office, and points One cannot deny that the ANC’s pres- known as Bosasa, to Ramaphosa’s to several reports that have been idency went for R400-million. That’s ANC presidential campaign that has overturned by courts as evidence that more than what we spent on the elec- raised the political temperature to its she’s not fit for the office. tion engaging with 57-million South current nearly untenable state. Maimane said he believes in the Africans. [Ramaphosa] used that to The president came into power on a office of the public protector more engage with 4 000 voting ANC del- ticket of clean governance and a zero- than he does Mkhwebane herself. egates. What was that money for?” tolerance approach to corruption. He’s confident that she won’t con- The DA leader said he looks for- Since then, Bosasa’s alleged role in tinue in her job with the growing Questionneer: Mmusi Maimane says he is looking forward to grilling the ward to asking Ramaphosa directly state capture has been laid bare at the number of court judgments against president. Photo: Waldo Swiegers/Bloomberg/Getty Images about his campaign finances and Zondo commission. There are also her: “There’s no denying that she’s allegations of funds for favours for allegations Ramaphosa’s son Andile unfit to hold office. But she still has But the DA leader believes an inde- a chance to remove him from office: his son. He will get an opportunity benefited from Bosasa contracts after an important institution in law. And pendent, criminal probe is needed to “The political moment is that South to do just that when the president he won the ANC presidency. I can’t take away those basic facts. look into the vast amounts of money Africans are anxious about [deputy returns to the National Assembly After Maimane’s grievance, So we’ll push for her to be removed. that went into the CR17 campaign. president] DD Mabuza, and the EFF after the upcoming winter recess to Mkhwebane found that Ramaphosa But it’s not going to be a question “If the NPA can investigate that, [Economic Freedom Fighters]. There answer MPs questions. violated the executive ethics code by of weeks or days, it’s a question of then the NPA must investigate. are big fears that if Cyril goes then we “He’s certainly got questions to not disclosing campaign fund con- months.” Because this Bosasa issue deserves an have DD. Then we are all at war.” answer. I will not be shying away tributions while he was still deputy Maimane said he’s delayed lay- inquiry all on its own,” he said. But Maimane said he won’t come from these matters. He can’t mislead president and an MP. ing criminal charges against Maimane is aware of the poten- out as a guardian of the Ramaphosa Parliament. He can’t launder money, The public protector’s report also Ramaphosa until after a judicial tial ramifications of this test of presidency: “The ANC has brought us in my view. And things will become detailed a campaign war chest of review of Mkhwebane’s findings into Ramaphosa’s presidency, with people to this point. You are asking us to be uncomfortable. This is the question hundreds of millions of rands for the Ramaphosa is complete. in opposing ANC factions waiting for the defenders of Ramaphosa from his he must answer,” Maimane said.

Education ready. Puffery: More than 300-million Chinese smoke cigarettes. The state University ready. plans to control the use of e-cigarettes. Photo: Aly Song/Reuters Work ready. China to limit vaping Ready for the world.

China is planning to regulate e-ciga- found that, among adolescents, e-cig- rettes in a bid to stave off a new gate- arettes effectively provide a gateway At Cambridge International, we believe in an way addiction in what is already the toward full-fledged smoking. education that takes you further. world’s largest smoking population. “We want to reduce the smoking The country has more than 300-mil- rate and prevent young people from That’s why Cambridge Pathway has been designed to lion tobacco smokers, nearly a third trying tobacco,” said Mao. inspire students aged 5 to 19 to love learning, and to of the world’s total, but the vaping Enforcing anti-smoking measures achieve in education, university, work, and life. trend has yet to explode as it has in can be difficult in China because the There are over 100 Cambridge schools in South Africa. the United States and elsewhere. state-run tobacco monopoly pro- “The supervision of electronic vides the government with colossal For more information on the Cambridge Pathway visit cigarettes must be severely strength- sums — one trillion yuan ($145-bil- cambridgeinternational.org/readywithpathway ened,” Mao Qunan, head of China’s lion) in taxes and profits in 2018, or National Health Commission’s more than 5% of the central govern- (NHC) planning department, said at ment’s revenue. a press conference on Monday. China’s tobacco regulator shares The NHC “is working with relevant offices and senior officials with the departments to conduct research on state-owned China National Tobacco electronic cigarette supervision and Corp, a near-monopoly and by far the we plan to regulate electronic ciga- world’s biggest cigarette producer. rettes through legislation”, he said. The tobacco regulator submitted Vaping is generally believed to be plans for e-cigarette standards to the safer than smoking, and e-cigarette World Trade Organisation in May. users don’t get exposed to the esti- Some cities and countries have mated 7 000 chemical constituents begun to limit e-cigarettes. San present in combustible cigarettes. Francisco in June became the first The liquids do contain nicotine, major US city to effectively ban the which is known to be addictive. sale and manufacture of e-cigarettes. But more concerning for China, Singapore has banned e-cigarettes, and policymakers worldwide, is while many countries have intro- a slew of recent studies that have duced strict regulation. — AFP 12 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 News ‘Creating jobs is no threat to labour’

Employment and Labour Minister Thulas Nxesi rebuffs fears that his department will become too entangled with the private sector to rein it in

Sarah Smit said the department will leverage the Unemployment Insurance Fund ith his depart- and the Compensation Fund, which ment’s focus compensates workers who lose their Getting down to work: Thulas Nxesi is taking businesses’ concerns about red tape on board, but says decent shifted towards ability to work, “to preserve jobs and jobs are still a priority for his department. Photo: Ntswe Mokoena Wjob creation, to invest in job-creating initiatives”. Employment and He also announced that the depart- scrutiny in recent years for drag- for Conciliation, Mediation and In the wake of the threat to its Labour Minister Thulas Nxesi says ment hopes to drive employment by ging its feet in admitting the South Arbitration commissioner if they registration, Amcu has warned that he will not risk sidelining worker’s off ering hiring subsidies to private- African Federation of Trade Unions cannot be agreed on. The amend- deregistration is “a political attack”. rights to create more work. sector employers. (Saftu), a decision that prevented ments to the legislation also require But Nxesi, once the general secre- “There are some who argue that an Nxesi told the M&G that there is the country’s second-largest trade unions to conduct ballots before tary of the South African Democratic any jobs [approach] — which yields “no contradiction” in the depart- union federation from having a say their members can go on strike. Teachers Union, told the M&G: “I do more jobs — is better than the decent ment’s mandate to protect workers’ on the National Minimum Wage Nxesi told the M&G that the new not wish to see any unions dereg- jobs we are striving for,” Nxesi told rights and its eff orts to engage with Act and other changes to labour rules relating to strike action will istered. What we want to see is an the Mail & Guardian, which caught the private sector on job creation. legislation. help prevent industrial action from inclusive system in collective bar- up with the minister this week dur- “We are government, and as govern- The tenure of Nxesi’s predecessor, becoming “long, intractable [and] gaining … ing a break in his busy schedule. ment, we have to speak to everybody Mildred Oliphant, was punctuated violent”. He said he views strike bal- “We have seen a lot of horrible “As South Africans, we are not … We must be able to bring the social by major changes in labour legisla- loting as “a democratic procedure things in some institutions, but if going back to those dark days — cer- partners together,” he said. tion, which imposed new regulations and it also ensures the legitimacy unions continue to fl out the law, they tainly not under the watch of this “Because, in reality, government on both business and trade unions. and strengthens the action taken”. eff ectively deregister themselves … government,” he said. can only create jobs to a certain Nxesi has fought the perception But, as a start, we will have to sit with One of the biggest hurdles Nxesi extent. But government’s role is also that the R20 an hour national mini- xesi also addressed specu- them and hold them by their hands faces in his tenure as minister is to going to be to create a climate and mum wage would pose a risk to lation that threats to dereg- and say, ‘Let’s correct all that we have balance the sixth democratic admin- intervene when necessary. But a employment by making it too expen- Nister trade unions are part not corrected.’” istration’s plans to create jobs with number of jobs come from the pri- sive for businesses to pay their work- of a crackdown. Since his Nxesi conceded that trade unions the department’s mandate to protect vate sector … We have to engage with ers. He has also announced that the appointment last year, labour reg- are “clearly somewhat weaker, and workers from exploitation by cham- the private sector and deal with the department will bolster its inspec- istrar Lehlohonolo Molefe has sent certainly more divided than in the pioning their rights and regulating issues they are raising.” tion and enforcement services, add- more than 100 unions letters warn- past”. The expulsion of Numsa from the labour market. Nxesi also said the department has ing 200 inspectors to the team work- ing them of noncompliance. trade union federation Cosatu, and In the department’s budget vote already started to meet employers to ing to ensure the implementation of The registrar can place trade the formation of Saftu in 2017, intro- speech earlier this month, Nxesi hear their views on the eff ect of regu- the national minimum wage. unions under administration and duced a powerful opposition to the emphasised that realising its new lations on the labour market. This week, Nxesi challenged criti- deregister them if they fail to comply ANC’s alliance partner in the labour mandate would require co-operation “Where there are justifi ed claims cism of the changes to legislation with their own constitutions and the movement. with other government departments of red tape and bureaucracy, we will governing strike action, which Labour Relations Act. “My own view is that we must and the private sector, which it act,” he said. detractors have warned will roll back If a trade union is deregistered, it jointly take responsibility for what depends on to “propel employment”. The department intends to workers’ rights to strike. loses organisational rights and the has happened, not just union lead- Nxesi dismissed speculation that strengthen institutions such as the The amendments to the labour right to represent its members. The ers, but politicians as well,” Nxesi the department would have trouble National Economic Development legislation ushered in alongside the industrial relations framework is set said. “The confl icts and factionalism reining in the private sector through and Labour Council (Nedlac), which National Minimum Wage Act set out up so that workers can sometimes that have characterised the national regulations when it depends on the were designed to help trade unions new rules for picketing, which have access their rights only through trade liberation movement and the ANC sector to drive employment. and the private sector “find each to be followed before a certifi cate of unions. has spilled over into the trade union Instead, he argued that a vigilant other”, he added. nonresolution is awarded to unions Molefe has taken on a number of movement.” department that works closely with In his budget speech, Nxesi said that want to go on strike. high-profile trade unions, includ- Nxesi said he wants to see the organised labour and the private sec- the department will embark on con- The picketing rules specify that ing the Association of Mineworkers labour movement reunited, “not on tor will help to stabilise the labour sultations to review the constitution unions have to state when and and Construction Union and the the basis of political or ideological market and drive job creation. of the Nedlac “to promote greater where a picket will take place. These National Union of Metalworkers of purity — but on the basis of their In his budget vote speech, Nxesi inclusivity”. Nedlac has come under details may be decided by a Council South Africa (Numsa). common interests”.

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Paddy Harper The trust has approached consultants in the cannabis now that its personal use had been medical aid for employees in the cannabis cannabis industry with a view to them training decriminalised, and to take a “very close look” industry?” he said. King Goodwill Zwelithini is gearing up to join people living in the area to grow and process at the industry as a means of fi ghting unem- Krithi Thaver, founder of Canna Culture and South Africa’s “green revolution”, with plans cannabis for the medicinal and recreational ployment and poverty in the province. Holistic Releaf, South Africa’s fi rst legal canna- already under way to grow cannabis for medic- markets. Ahmed Jamaloodeen, treasurer of the bis dispensary, said he had been approached by inal purposes on land in KwaZulu-Natal under Last month Zwelithini told the opening of Cannabis Development Council of South the Ingonyama Trust. “There was an initial dis- his control. the KwaZulu-Natal provincial legislature that Africa, said that all measures to place cannabis cussion around the idea of setting up training Go Life International, a listed company that the time had come for people in the province’s within the mainstream of the economy should camps for communities living on land admin- manufactures health supplements, has been rural areas to start investigating growing and be encouraged. “Cannabis is a new kid on the istered by the trust in both the cultivation and in talks with the Ingonyama Trust Board since processing cannabis for medicinal products. block, but as we move forward there will be processing of cannabis ... we are open to any last year to grow cannabis on a 75-hectare He called on government and the farming com- more and more developments. What about initiative which will assist in empowering ordi- stretch of trust land on the North Coast. munity to recognise the economic potential of cannabis banking; cannabis crop insurance; nary people to enter the industry.” MK families call on NPA for justice

Decades after people who fought for freedom died under suspicious circumstances, relatives want their cases reopened

Lester Kiewit affi davits for when the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA) decides to reopen their fi le. ore families of apartheid-era Selina said: “We were told by the TRC there victims want the investiga- would be a follow-up investigation but nothing tions into the deaths of their has happened. Over the years we’ve collected Mloved ones reopened. our own information. We’ve have a fi le on hand The calls were reinforced with the inquest report and the police report. So this week, at the 30th anniversary of the deaths the next step is to request the NPA to appoint an Memory: Hettie of Umkhonto weSizwe (MK) operatives Coline investigator.” Classe (above Williams and Robert Waterwitch. The case of the Athlone two is the latest in a left), the mother The two were killed on July 23 1989 when a string of cases where families of apartheid vic- of Robert defective bomb exploded near the Athlone mag- tims have called on the NPA to reopen cases and Waterwitch istrate’s court. They were part of the MK Ashley determine if inquests should be held. (left), and Kriel detachment. Kriel, another Cape Flats MK The families of Matthew Goniwe, Fort Calata, Wilhelmina activist, died two years earlier during an armed Sparrow Mkhonto and Sicelo Mhlauli — better Williams (above standoff with apartheid police. known as the Cradock Four — and the widow centre), the The ANC and the Williams and Waterwitch of anti-apartheid cleric Imam Abdullah Haron, mother of Coline families are now calling for a judicial inquest also want the investigations into the apartheid- Williams (left), into their deaths. era deaths reopened. at the service This week, family and friends of Williams Similarly, the family of Dulcie September, for the 30th and Waterwitch gathered in the same Catholic the ANC’s most senior representative in Paris anniversary church where their funerals were held 30 years at the time, is asking South African and French of the MK ago. The memorial was also attended by the authorities to reopen the case into her 1988 operatives’ deputy minister of rural development and land assassination outside the ANC’s offi ces in the deaths. Photos: reform, Mcebisi Skwatsha, the former head city. David Harrison of the Hawks, Anwar Dramat, and former MK The memorial on Tuesday provided an operatives. opportunity for other cases to be talked about. In its quest for justice, the foundation is work- and prosecutions into more than 300 cases People lit candles and former underground Cassiem Khan, the co-ordinator of the Imam ing with 12 other families to fi nd answers in handed over from the TRC to the NPA.” fi ghters dressed in fatigues raised their fi sts in Haron Foundation, said families have grown similar cases. Khan said this is an exhausting Last week, Shamilah Batohi, the national memory of the two. frustrated with the slow response from govern- and often fruitless process. director of public prosecutions, told Williams’s sister, Selina, said: “[Justice] is way ment in prioritising these cases. “When we make requests, and we use nice Parliament’s select committee on security and overdue. It’s 23 years since we’ve had the hear- Haron died in police custody 50 years ago. words and we say we’d like our government justice that the NPA is prioritising apartheid- ing at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission Police said he died of a heart attack, but his fam- to open up inquests and follow through with era crimes where the TRC had recommended [TRC].” ily believes he was beaten to death. They said investigations. And sometimes we feel like we prosecution. The family of Williams, who was 20 years that when his body was returned to them and have done enough,” he said. She told MPs that 37 cases were being inves- old at the time of her death, say they’ve been prepared for burial under Muslim rites, he was “But family members are justifi ed in asking tigated by the Hawks and that a task team was building up their own case with reports and covered in bruises. why there have not been further investigations also reviewing other cases.

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The Political Party Funding Act does not cover failing to disclose campaign con- to a family member of the incoming the loopholes that political parties tributions in Parliament’s declara- president. Is that not exposing the can utilise to prevent disclosure. If individuals campaigning for election in a party tion of member’s interests after a president to a risk of confl ict of inter- you have third-party accounts or leadership contest against former est?” he says. investment entities, like the ANC has Lester Kiewit of inquiry into state capture about party federal chairperson Wilmot But Grimwood says all publicly Chancellor House, they can argue corrupt activities worth billions of James. Parliament’s joint committee elected officials hold influence in they don’t have to disclose of funds ublic protector Busisiwe rands. on ethics and members’ interests rec- society and should, therefore, dis- accrued in those accounts or trusts Mkhwebane says Presi- Ramaphosa told a media brief- ommended Maimane be fined and close who is funding their cam- because it’s not money allocated to dent Cyril Ramaphosa ing last weekend that, while still reprimanded for failing to disclose paigns, whether it be in internal their campaigns. But it’s still in the Pspent hundreds of mil- deputy president and a member of donations. party elections or external polls. benefi t of their parties.” lions of rands on his ANC the National Assembly, he did not But the DA leader had the commit- In local government elections, This is similar to the explanation presidency election campaign. He is disclose details of his campaign tee’s decision set aside by the Cape independent candidates are allowed Ramaphosa gave when he said he did contesting the entire investigation fund to then-president Jacob Zuma. Town high court for failing to fol- to put themselves forward for seats in not know about any donations made that included this conclusion. Mkhwebane used this lack of disclo- low due process. “I declared all cam- municipal councils. A Constitutional to his campaign. But, regardless of the outcome of sure as the basis of her charge that paigning fi nancing to the DA, and if Court appeal on whether individuals He told journalists at the Union his application to have her work set Ramaphosa violated the executive you go to the records of Parliament can contest provincial and national Buildings last weekend: “The cam- aside, the revelation has widened ethics code. I submitted who funded my internal elections will be heard in August. paign managers took a conscious the conversation about whether pro- Zahira Grimwood, of the non-profi t campaign.” Grimwood says current regula- decision where they said: ‘You are posed political party funding regu- My Vote Counts that advocates for Maimane claims his case is diff er- tions create a grey area where elected the candidate, and we are going to be lations should apply to individuals, accountability and transparency in ent from Ramaphosa’s because he offi cials can hide behind trusts and the managers … there will be people such as the president, in their own elections, says the Political Party was not running to be head of campaign war chests. on the ground who will raise money, political campaigns. Funding Act, signed into law earlier state. “We’ve seen with legal contestation arrange meetings. You will never get The exclusion of individuals from this year, “would not require indi- “Without trying to around whether Cyril Ramaphosa to know about that.’” the regulations could, according to vidual candidates in political parties confl ate the two issues, — who is obligated to disclose — Grimwood says that, left unat- one group, enable politicians with to disclose their campaign funding”. there are two problems: argued that funding for his CR17 tended, politicians with dubious dubious backers to dominate the She says additional laws may one is the question of campaign was allocated to sponsors could rise up in party political landscape. be needed to manage campaign declaration and, two, trust accounts and not ranks and become power brokers Ramaphosa was accused in the finances for politicians contesting we must establish how in his name. That argu- in the country’s political landscape. public protector’s report, released party elections. a company like ment was also brought “Considering how expensive elec- last week, of misleading Parliament Although Ramaphosa may be Bosasa would forward by Mmusi tion campaigns are and the diff erent when he answered a question about in hot water over donations to his give contracts Maimane.” methodologies and means candi- a payment received by the CR17 ANC campaign for the ANC presidency, Grimwood says this dates are utilising to campaign, they presidential campaign from African his counterpart in the Democratic Conflict: Cyril could result in politi- would need large sums of money to Global Operations, formerly known Alliance found himself in a similar Ramaphosa’s cal parties also hiding reach a point where they have infl u- as Bosasa. situation after contesting the DA ANC campaign donations ence in a political party.” The company’s former chief opera- leadership in 2015. presidental behind similar trusts Ensuring that this doesn’t happen tions offi cer, Angelo Agrizzi, earlier Mmusi Maimane was called before campaign is in and external enti- would require that party funding this year told the Zondo commission Parliament’s ethics committee for the spotlight ties. “This exposes laws are changed, she says.

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KwaZulu-Natal ANC supporters of Zandile Gumede want her reinstated despite charges

Paddy Harper They will challenge both the dis- solution of the regional executive upporters of embattled committee and the decision to force Durban mayor Zandile Gumede to take leave. Gumede plan to go to the He said the regional task team Shigh court to force the was unwieldy in size and had been ANC KwaZulu-Natal lead- appointed by the provincial execu- ers to reinstate her and the eThek- tive committee in an irregular fash- Uncertain fate: eThekwini wini regional executive committee. ion, leaving the branches no choice mayor Zandile Gumede The branches backing Gumede, but to take the legal route to chal- (above), whose trial starts which have staged protests against lenge its appointment. “We have next month, is likely to the ANC’s decision to force her to tried to be reasonable, but as nothing be removed from office. take a leave of absence after she was has been tabled in terms of a change She may be moved to the arrested on corruption charges, want of circumstances, we are defi nitely KwaZulu-Natal legislature the regional task team appointed by taking the matter forward.” or told to stay at home. the province to be scrapped. Dube said they would not be able to ANC members (left) protest Their move comes as the ANC’s wait for a fi nal provincial executive in Durban. Photos: Darren provincial working committee wraps committee decision on Gumede’s Stewart/Gallo Images & AFP up its assessments of eThekwini, fate before going to court because Msunduzi and other dysfunctional preparations for the regional con- view that the ANC team assessing ANC-run municipalities. The find- ference — one of three to be held in Gumede’s case and the situation ings will be presented to the pro- KwaZulu-Natal — were going ahead. in municipalities would fi nalise its vincial executive committee when it At the same time, the process of report at the provincial executive meets in the fi rst week of August. holding branch general meetings, committee meeting next month. Sources in the ANC have indi- which had been extended until The intervention in Msunduzi, cated that Gumede will be removed August 31 because of delays, was lag- which includes Pietermaritzburg, from offi ce and either asked to stay ging behind as a result of the confl ict where administrator Sbu Sithole at home until the end of her trial — over the regional task team, which has been appointed to try to turn which resumes on August 8 — or was operating with an open-ended refused us the right to go ahead, cit- with employees in various depart- the failing municipality around, also moved to the provincial legislature mandate, rather than focusing on the ing the court order. The order does ments including those dealing with appears to be facing serious internal to appease her supporters. task of organising the conference. not specify names, so we will contest housing and solid waste removal. opposition from within ANC ranks. It is not clear whether the ANC will Dube said: “The process is being the issuing of the order when the Dube said they still hoped to On Monday, a closed-door council appoint her deputy, Fawzia Peer, delayed by the fact that the regional matter returns to court,” Dube said. meet ANC secretary general Ace meeting at which he was presenting who is acting as mayor, to replace task team, which was imposed when They were also preparing to Magashule, who met the regional his confi dential turnaround plan for Gumede or move someone in from the province took the decision to dis- “accompany” the mayor when she task team in Durban on Monday, to the city had to be abandoned after the legislature. solve the region, cannot function. appeared in the Durban commercial outline their concerns. “We are sure a stun grenade was thrown into the Mzomuhle Dube, a leader of one of They are feeling the wrath of the crime court. Gumede was arrested that we will be able to present our corridor next to the meeting room. the branches backing Gumede, said branches and are being chased away.” along with ANC deputy regional sec- concerns to the secretary general Lennox Mabaso, the spokesperson on Wednesday that they planned to The municipality has secured an retary Mondli Mthembu and waste when he resumes his consultations for co-operative governance and tra- go to court by the end of the week. interdict blocking the branches from removal contractor Craig Ponnan in the province. Thus far his engage- ditional aff airs MEC Sipho Hlomuka, “As things stand, there is no con- protesting outside Durban City Hall, in May, weeks after a number of ment was restricted to the provincial said they view the explosion as an stitutional process of the ANC tak- in the wake of violent clashes last contractors and city officials were leadership and the regions.” “act of terror’’ that needed to be ing place regarding the mayor and week. Dube said they would chal- arrested for the allegedly fraudulent Attempts to secure comment investigated by the security services. the regional task team. We will start lenge the order when it returned to R208-million refusal removal tender. from ANC provincial spokesperson “We will not allow this to deter pursuing this matter on a technical the high court on August 1. She was released on bail of R50 000 Nomagugu Simelane-Zulu were us from the task of stabilising the level. We now have to approach the “We were meant to protest again under strict conditions that prevent unsuccessful at the time of writing. municipality and implementing the courts,” he said. on Thursday, but the metro police her and Mthembu from interfering But she said in a television inter- turnaround plan,’’ Mabaso said.

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The fee for attending is R3800/p but group discount will be extended. For queries and booking, email TJ on [email protected] or call 011 2507300 or visit https://qkt.io/MG-NHI-2019 to book online. 16 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Africa Rise and stall of Southern Africa’s

Choppies began life as a struggling general bigger Choppies grew, the closer its relationship became with high- dealer in Botswana and now consists of about 250 ranking officials in Botswana’s stores in eight countries. But this rag-to-riches government. “It’s a small society, we all know story is on the brink of an unhappy ending each other,” says Ram. But in, for example, Mozambique, Simon Allison & Dhashen Moodley because, for them, it was more than Choppies has made no inroads in Gaborone just a business. Their father, the with the government. “A place like patriarch of the family, had arrived Mozambique, we find it difficult hen Ramachan- in Southern Africa in a wave of that we don’t have a relationship,” dran Ottapathu immigration from India in the says Ram. “We have to make a call arrived in Lobatse, 1960s. Most of these migrants ended whether to continue business there WBotswana, he had up labouring on the sugar cane fields or not.” just one mission: near Durban, but Chopdat senior Investigative journalists who have to turn around the Chopdat family’s had tried his luck inland, slowly looked closely at Choppies have struggling general dealership. working his away up the ladder until raised questions about the nature of “You know, it’s just a gamble we he was the proud owner of his own the relationship between the com- took with Ram,” says Abu Chopdat, shop. When he died, his three sons pany and the government. In 2015, the youngest and least guarded of had a legacy to uphold. amaBhungane found that “Choppies the Chopdat brothers, with a sense It was an exciting time for Ram, has delivered business and financial of disbelief in his voice because no who finally got a chance to put benefits to powerful members of the one — not least the Chopdat broth- his education into practice. “I was Botswana elite, including President ers, who at the time were running young. I could experiment and do Ian Khama, former president Festus their father’s business into the what is good for the business, and Mogae and the head of the shadowy ground —could have predicted that what is not good for business … We directorate of intelligence and secu- the gamble would pay off quite so started doing small things, changing rity, Isaac Kgosi.” In return, the com- spectacularly. around.” pany “received favourable treatment Nearly three decades later, the Through hard work and sensi- from the Botswana government, Chopdats are multimillionaires. ble management, Ram rescued the notably over work permits for expa- Ram himself (everyone calls him Wayside Supermarket from insol- triate employees, mostly from the Ram) is worth anywhere from vency. Then he left the audit firm Indian subcontinent”. $60-million to $300-million and and joined the business full-time. He In a follow-up story in 2016, ama- Choppies has arguably become sensed that there was potential for Bhungane reported allegations that Botswana’s most successful com- further growth. He was the only one. the spy chief had helped to bury an pany. It is now a multinational investigation into alleged health and supermarket chain with more than n 1998, Ram and Ismail opened safety violations at Choppies stores. 250 stores in eight countries that is up a store in Gaborone. By then Kgosi denies this. giving the likes of Shoprite, Spar and Iit was no longer the Wayside Questions have also been asked Checkers a run for their money. Supermarket, or a general dealer: about the fact that, in Zimbabwe, This is the story of how Ram did it was Choppies, and it had evolved Choppies’s local partner is for- it — and why the retail giant that he into a supermarket catering for mer vice-president Phelekezela created may yet be snatched away lower-middle class people, with Mphoko. In January this year, sev- from him. another branch in Lobatse. Thanks eral Choppies stores in Zimbabwe to Ram’s changes, the two Lobatse were targeted by anti-government n the early 1990s, Ram was a stores were making money; the protestors. hot-shot accountant compet- Gaborone branch did well too. But Ram vehemently denies any Iing with thousands of other hot- further expansion seemed like a dis- wrongdoing. But Abu Chopdat shot accountants in the Indian tant dream, until Botswana devalued admits that politicians benefited state of Kerala. To make his fortune, its currency in 2003. The decision from the company’s largesse — he knew he needed to leave India, hurt other retailers, but Choppies although he is not too sure that which at the time was struggling had enough cash to weather the those same politicians have upheld economically. Someone from his storm, and suddenly they found their end of the bargain. “Certain area was working in Botswana and themselves in a position to pick up people are given shares for free, you offered him an opportunity to work other stores on the cheap. know what I mean? And then people there. He didn’t think twice. But who would manage the new go and do this to the man.” “Look, this was the first job offer stores? How could what was still a with decent money. Had it been small family business find enough hoppies’s rise over the past from the moon, I would have gone people it could trust? decade has been so fast that there,” he says, speaking to the Mail Lukas Spiropolous, a researcher On the block: Choppies, Choppies employee told the M&G Ram himself has barely & Guardian C from his office at the and historian at the University of which began as a general that there are at least 100 Indians in been able to keep up. He charitable foundation that he runs the Witwatersrand, studies Indian dealer called Wayside senior management positions. used to drive tens of thousands of kil- in Gaborone. It is sparsely furnished migrant communities in Southern Supermarket in Botswana, “Loyalty is very important in this ometres a year to check in personally — little more than a desk and a fil- Africa. He made Choppies one of his has grown into a major modern world. You can buy dili- on stores. But in 2010 the company ing cabinet — and does not look like case studies, because Ram found an retailer in seven other gence by paying money, okay. You bought a private plane, paying cash, the office of one of Botswana’s rich- all too familiar solution to this prob- Southern Africa countries, can’t buy loyalty by paying money,” to ferry him and senior management est men. lem — one that migrant communi- including in Zeerust, says Ram. between the dozens of new stores His main office, at the Choppies ties in the region have been employ- South Africa (above). As Choppies acquired more and that were opening up every year. headquarters nearby, may be more ing for centuries. “Ram began to Photos: Waldo Swiegers/ more stores, so Ram refined the In 2008, the first store outside of opulent, but Ram is not allowed on bring in family with the relevant Bloomberg/Getty Images model, explained Spiropolous. “The Botswana was opened in Zeerust in the premises. training, including his accountant model in question … focuses on South Africa. There was powerful The job was at an audit firm in wife, who could run the various ele- the acquisition of further skilled symbolism at play here: it showed Lobatse, and Ram was tasked with ments of the business as it expanded employees from India who are able that Choppies was intent on taking doing the books for one of their cli- and required more and more staff. to fill in the holes in the system. The the fight to the major South African ents, the Wayside Supermarket, This approach to filling skills gaps system involves recruiting account- retailers, who have tried their best to which sold cheap appliances such as would form the basis for the suc- ants and management school gradu- make it hard for Choppies over the clocks, sewing machines, radios and cessful expansion of the supermar- ates with MBAs from universities years. TVs, mostly to Zimbabweans who kets throughout the country and and businesses in India and, in some “I don’t want to mention names,” came on the train from Bulawayo. into South Africa — likely the first cases, Dubai. The accountants are says Ram, before outlining how But the business was in bad shape. Botswana firm to make that transna- put to work in the financial office South African companies put pres- Blame the end of apartheid: as South tional expansion on a large scale.” of the group while the MBAs are sure on suppliers to withdraw prod- Africa opened up, so their customers As of 2016, more than 500 people posted to management of individual ucts from Choppies stories, blocked went shopping there instead. from Ram’s home town of Ollur in stores in the chain. In the relatively Choppies from obtaining prime The Chopdat brothers — especially Kerala had worked for Choppies at skill-poor Southern African region, a premises and threatened to stop the eldest, who dropped the Chopdat some stage, Ram told Forbes busi- supermarket manager with an MBA doing business with clearing agents name and goes by Farouk Ismail ness magazine in 2016. Although is essentially unheard of.” who were moving Choppies trucks — gave Ram free reign to turn the Ram says that a process of localisa- This gave Choppies a major com- across borders. Wayside Supermarket around. They tion has been successful and that petitive advantage. But it wasn’t In 2012, Choppies listed on the were desperate to keep it afloat, this number is now much lower, a the only one. It also helped that the Botswana Stock Exchange. More Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 17 remarkable supermarket chain

significantly, in May 2015 it was approved for a secondary listing on the JSE, Africa’s largest exchange, which raised $45-million for further expansion. No one doubts that Ram was the driving force behind this incredible growth. “He’s a master tactician,” Abu Chopdat says. Today Choppies operates in Botswana, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique and Namibia, and employs more than 17 000 people in its 250-plus stores. But Ram is con- vinced that the company is nowhere near reaching its full potential. After all, he says, Southern Africa — by which he means all the way from Botswana’s border with South Africa up to Kenya and Uganda — is one of the world’s last frontiers for retail expansion. “What we’ve done is nothing com- pared to what the opportunities are on the ground,” he says. A Brookings Institution report from December 2018 says that con- sumer spending in Africa will sur- pass $2-trillion within the next few years — a 30% increase from 2015 levels. This, the report adds, is a con- servative estimate. Ram believes that Choppies is uniquely positioned to take advantage of this growth. Unlike the South African chains, he says, Choppies does not believe in a one-size-fits-all approach. “You should not say I’m a Botswana company, I’m going to run it in the Botswana way, that’s not going to Driving force: work … because we are an African Ramachandran Ottapathu outlet, not just a South African outfit, created the retail giant and that makes a big difference. We will became a multimillionaire, not just look at South African mer- but he has been suspended chandise, we give priority to local from his duties as chief merchandise. Sometimes if you go executive of Choppies, with a certain set of views you are Photos: Waldo Swiegers/ bound to get road-blocked. We didn’t Bloomberg/Getty Images have that.” Practically, this manifests in how will emerge stronger from these Choppies prices and markets its difficulties. products. A typical Choppies store is “The principles that you apply to aimed at a lower middle-class mar- one store, and the principles you ket, so top billing is given to bulk apply to 88 stores in the country, packs (10kg or more) of maize meal, they are not the same,” says Tito flour and sugar, which are often sold Chengeta of the marketing depart- at cost to keep customers coming ment at Choppies. “The structure into the shop. Some things vary from for Choppies grew with Ram as the country to country: in Botswana his nucleus … when you are running customers like to buy their chicken five stores, you can become the man- in pieces and their milk in cartons, ager who can check on all five stores so that’s what gets priority on the but once you reach a certain number shelves; whereas in Zambia whole of stores, that’s beyond your indi- chickens and 250 millilitre milk vidual ability to supervise all these sachets are far more popular. stores. These differences are a window “And I think with the audit now, into national identities and cultural they’ve discovered a lot of things differences. When Ram travels, the that Choppies still carried over that first thing he does is walk through are mom and pop style, and should the aisles of the local supermarket, not be there. After this, maybe Ram because that will tell him more than Choppies Group. The board, led by faults and things like that, because in Ram’s absence. Although Ram is will not have to leave the office at 12 any guide book ever could. He is sure Mogae, says this was “as a result the company was also growing, but no longer allowed to work from his at night, maybe he will not have to that Wouter Basson, the former chief of an aggregation of activities and I doubt anything else beyond that,” own office, he continues to monitor work so hard.” executive of Shoprite, does the same. conduct by the suspended CEO”, says Ram. “Personally, I can guaran- the business, doing the rounds of And if it doesn’t work out — well, which it would elaborate on “in due tee you there is no management or the Gaborone stores most days. In Ram, with all his millions, will be n November last year, trading course”, although no such elabora- executives who have taken any per- a sign of his enduring control, the just fine. So will the Chopdat fam- in Choppies shares on both the tion has been forthcoming. sonal benefit out of it.” Choppies marketing team — run ily, who enjoy riches that their father IBotswana and Johannesburg Ram’s suspension casts the But Ram warns that Choppies may by a former journalist from Ram’s could scarcely have imagined when stock exchanges was suspended Choppies story in a new and dis- not be able to survive without him. Kerala hometown — is still working he boarded that boat to Durban. with immediate effect. The com- tinctly more suspicious light. Is the Given its business model — and the on Ram’s behalf. “Me, I’m having three meals a day, pany had failed to release results for company’s remarkable rise a case fact that he is a 20% shareholder But some things are clearly begin- I’ve got a wife, a family, you know, the latest financial year. That was study in how to turn a struggling — this is no idle threat. “You know, ning to fray. In Kenya, for example, I can sleep. At night my thing can because newly-appointed auditors general trader into a successful mul- leaving the man who built the com- Choppies was forced to close two of stand,” says Abu Chopdat, sitting PwC found several accounting irregu- tinational? Or did it get to where it pany outside … the value destruction its 15 branches over the past couples in the manager’s office at the site of larities that required further investi- is today by cutting corners, cooking is going to be much more than who- of months after failing to pay suppli- the original Wayside Supermarket in gation — raising awkward questions, books and cosying up to power? ever can anticipate or imagine.” ers and employees. It was another Lobatse, a naughty grin on his face. yet again, for former auditors KPMG. “Only I can say maybe that cor- Ismail, who took that gamble on humiliating reality check in a year “We came with nothing. We go with In May this year, Ram was sus- porate governance is not followed Ram so many years ago, has been that has been full of them. nothing. Be humble. Be good to peo- pended as chief executive of the properly, or there is some procedural appointed as acting chief executive Maybe Choppies, and Ram, ple. God will always bless you.” 18 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Africa THE BIG PICTURE / Mufananidzo mukuru / Aworan ńlá / As-surat al-kabira CONTINENTAL DRIFT

Pop star for president Ugandan pop star and social activ- ist Bobi Wine has announced his intention to run for the presidency in 2021. Already an MP, the man who was once charged with stoning President Yoweri Museveni’s con- voy enjoys mass appeal, especially among the youth, who make up nearly 75% of Uganda’s population. Museveni, who has been in power for 33 years, has dismissed the chal- lenge, which comes on the back of creeping unemployment and failing social welfare in the country.

Not without me, says Kiir South Sudanese president Salva Kiir has issued a decree that the national anthem should not be sung without him being present. The president has been agitated that ministers and other functionaries were abusing the singing of the anthem. “The national anthem is only meant for the president, in a function only attended by the president, not for everybody,” infor- mation minister Michael Makuei said. Those exempted from the ban include school children practising the tune. Failure to comply, Makuei warned, would mean, “You carry your cross”.

Finance minister behind bars Kenyan finance minister Henry Island triumph: The Madagascar football team returned to a heroes welcome at Ivato airport in Antananarivo after their fairytale run in the African Rotich has been arrested and Cup of Nations. Made up of largely unknowns in the French second division and ranked 108th in world football, the Malagasies beat Nigeria and the charged with corruption in relation Democratic Republic of Congo before succumbing to Tunisia in the quarterfinals. This was the island nation’s first trip the Afcon. Photo: Rijasolo/AFP to a $600-million mega dam pro- ject. Rotich and 27 other officials, including his principal secretary and the chief executive of Kenya’s environmental authority, all face Why debt is a human rights issue charges of fraud, abuse of office and financial misconduct. Several questions were raised following the irregular appointment of Italian firm CMC di Ravenna, who had Many SADC countries are using scarce resources used to enhance public services, are liable for paying back the money. failed to complete two previous and there are suspicions that a large The concept of paying tax to achieve dam building projects. to service loans instead of offering public services chunk of it ended up in the pockets better public services is defeated of highly connected individuals. when taxes are largely channelled Nigerian governor under fire COMMENT macroeconomic governance in 2011, Today the country is broke and is towards servicing loans. At the same Properties belonging to former Deprose Muchena with the aim of reducing public debt. failing to meet its obligations to the time, governments may be forced Nigeria’s Imo state governor Rochas The memorandum also demanded public. The government is continu- to cut expenditure on vital services, Okorocha are under investigation he changing nature, pro- that governments should be trans- ing to borrow from creditors just to resulting in a double hit for citizens. by anticorruption officials. The file and level of public parent about public resource man- keep going. In addition, Cyclone Idai Given the changing nature of debt former governor had denounced debt in some of the South- agement. But the results are far from has meant that the country will have accumulation — where governments the Economic and Financial Crimes Tern African Develop- offering confidence to tackle the debt an added debt burden of $118.2-mil- now access loans not only from non- Commission investigations into the ment Community (SADC) conundrum. lion through IMF and other loans. traditional creditors, such as the purchase of a school, hotel, mall countries has reached alarming and Public debt is a human rights issue In Malawi, a recent study found Paris Club, and from countries such and apartment block as a “witch unsustainable levels. As a result, because many countries in Southern that the country signed more than as China, which, according to esti- hunt”. Okorocha made headlines essential services, such as public Africa that owe large amounts of 80 loan agreements, amounting to mates now holds more than 20% of when he erected a statue in honour transport, water infrastructure, money are failing to deliver on essen- $2-billion, between 2007 and 2018. the $417-billion collective African of former South African president education and healthcare, as well as tial public goods and infrastructure. These loans, clouded in secrecy, debt — there are also growing cases Jacob Zuma. development projects, continue to These public services are often cap- were mostly taken with bilateral of governments accessing loans from be severely affected as governments tured in bills of rights, thus making partners such as China and India commercial sources, further worsen- Google speaks Pidgin have to use resources to pay off mas- them a constitutional obligation and the money has not translated ing the region’s debt burden. Reports Google this week unveiled a sive amounts of debt. rather than a nice to have. Long-term into advancements in education, of natural resources being used as Nigerian accent on its Google Maps The situation became critical as far development goals are, therefore, public health and transport. Many collateral for loans have become a navigation app. Although popular back as the 1990s, when most of the placed at severe risk. Malawians remain desperately poor, new are of concern, with fears that worldwide, the app has often been SADC countries experienced high For example, Zimbabwe, with a surviving from hand to mouth. some countries, including Angola, derided for struggling to pronounce levels of external debt, reaching a public debt of more than $18-billion, Zambia says that its foreign debt will not maximise the potential of African names in its US or British total high point of $62.12-billion in is in a precarious financial position. stands at $9.4-billion, but analysts their natural resource wealth as the accent. The tech behemoth has 2001. This was more than 100% of the It is unable to meet many of its fun- believe the number is consider- future is potentially mortgaged. moved aggressively into Africa, as combined gross domestic product of damental human rights obligations: ably higher, at about $10.2-billion. Governments in the region, the more than one billion people on Angola, the Democratic Republic people are being turned away from Activists who questioned exorbitant together with lending states and the continent are increasingly being of Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, hospitals and essential basic supplies levels of government spending have international financial institutions, viewed as a potentially massive cus- Tanzania and Zambia. for treating cancer and other serious faced persecution. must ensure that the terms of any tomer base. Google plans to expand It has not been easy for countries conditions are lacking. In addition, Malawi, Mozambique agreement on debt, including the on its navigation offering by adding to use money intended to improve The dire situation was made even and Zimbabwe were hit in March by financial burden of debt servicing, “informal” transport maps. people’s lives to instead pay the worse when dozens of people died in Cyclone Idai, one of the most devas- do not compromise states’ ability high interest rates associated with a 2018 cholera outbreak 10 years after tating natural disasters on record in to allocate the necessary financial Mauritius’s dirty money woes these loans; as a result, many have another outbreak killed more than the region. At least 1 200 people died and other resources to guarantee A new investigative report has defaulted on their repayments. 4 300 people. Such epidemics have and thousands were plunged further economic, social and cultural rights detailed how rich companies and Some countries in SADC have ben- been exacerbated by Zimbabwe’s fail- into poverty. for all their people. This begins with individuals evade tax in African efited from the Heavily Indebted ure to invest in and manage its basic Government debt places a huge ensuring transparency on the terms countries by funnelling their Poor Countries Initiative, a pro- water and sanitation infrastructure burden on taxpayers, who ultimately and conditions of these loans, as wealth through Mauritius. The gramme launched by the World and its healthcare system, owing to enshrined in the SADC agreement so investigation, by the International Bank and International Monetary servicing huge debts, as well as mis- that we can hold governments, both Consortium of Investigative Fund (IMF) in 1996 to offer debt appropriation of public funds. in the region and beyond, to account. Journalists, came from a leak of relief for nations with unsustainable Mozambique was plunged into Government debt more than 200 000 documents that debt burdens. Unfortunately, some a financial crisis in 2016 after the places a huge Deprose Muchena is Amnesty shows multinationals, accounting of the countries that benefited, such uncovering of almost $2-billion of International’s regional director for and law firms’ involvement in reg- as Zambia, are back in the jaws of “secret” loans, which it was sus- burden on taxpayers, Southern Africa and spoke at the istering shell companies to launder unsustainable debt. pected were part of an “illicit enrich- who ultimately are Southern Africa Debt Conundrum millions. Mauritius has denied In response to the growing prob- ment” scheme for politicians and liable for paying event, recently convened in culpability in the practice, which in lem of indebtedness, SADC adopted international bankers. There is not Johannesburg by the Open Society this instance covers 1990 to 2017. — a memorandum of understanding on much evidence that this money was back the money Initiative for Southern Africa Briefs sourced from BBC and AFP Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 19 Business Mines print money as metals boom

Kumba and Anglo Platinum are sitting in a sweet spot but it remains to be seen how long it will last

Lynley Donnelly 75% of headline earnings. The per- formance is despite some opera- ower shortages, slow tional difficulties such as unsched- growth, policy uncer- uled plant maintenance at its Sishen tainty, a tense labour operations, which saw production Penvironment. These are volumes decrease 11%. Pedal to the metal: Themba the problems typically Kumba’s performance has been Mkhwanazi (left) heads cited for holding back a mining driven by strong iron prices over the Kumba Iron Ore. Its Sishen company’s performance. But, judg- last year said Edgar Mafoko, port- mine (above) produces lumpy ing by the interim results reported folio manager at FNB Wealth. The ore, which fetches a premium. by the likes of Anglo American Plati- collapse of fellow iron ore producer Photos: (above) Madelene num and Kumba Iron Ore this week, Vale’s Brumadinho tailings dam Cronjé and (left) Gallo Images/ these usual suspects have not been in January, as well as disruptions Sunday Times/Alaister Russell enough to dampen their fortunes. due to a cyclone in Australia in late The boom is in no small part March, has hit iron-ore supply, driv- thanks to the high prices for the ing up prices, he said. A weaker rand as it is more mechanised and less underlying metals that both Kumba has also helped, he noted, because, labour intensive. In Anglo Platinum’s and Anglo Platinum produce, ana- like Anglo Platinum, much of what case, its Mogalakwena mine is an lysts said this week, namely iron ore Kumba produces is exported. open-pit mine. and platinum group metals (PGMs). “[Kumba is] basically paying out Although all platinum miners have This is coupled with some specifi c every little bit of profit they have benefited from high PGM prices, features unique to each company’s made over this period,” said Mafoko. Anglo Platinum has done so in par- portfolio of mining assets, such as According to Peter Major, director ticular, because it has shed so many low-cost mines that are highly pro- for mining at Mergence Corporate of its underground operations, said ductive and produce particular Solutions, Vale — the world’s largest Major. With Mogalakwena in the grades or types of metals that have iron-ore producer — cut back 90-mil- ciency to 67%, and made savings of benefit on two counts — the high fold, Anglo Platinum has the world’s helped to amplify the eff ects of high lion tonnes due to the tailings disas- R460-million. iron-ore price, plus the premium lowest-cost PGM operations, he said. metal prices. ter. All iron-ore producers, including In Kumba’s case, it also benefits it receives for its product. “It is the According to the company, But it remains to be seen how long African Rainbow Minerals, Assmang, from what is known as the lump pre- ideal produce that a steel mill will Mogalakwena was hit by Eskom the run will last. and Afrimat, have benefi ted from the mium, said Von Reiche. The majority look for — it has higher iron-ore con- power cuts and minor maintenance Kumba Iron Ore chief executive resultant rocketing prices, alongside of the ore Kumba produces is lumpy tent, plus it’s lumpy, plus it has lower shutdowns during the period. But Themba Mkhwanazi announced on Kumba, he said. rather than fine, he noted, mean- moisture content,” he said. this did not stop it from seeing an Tuesday that the company’s net prof- Since iron-ore prices bottomed out ing steel mills do not have to sinter Alongside Kumba, Anglo Platinum ebitda increase of 61% compared to its had risen to R13.2-billion, triple in 2015 they have increased more the iron ore in their production also announced buoyant interim the fi rst half of 2018, and an increase what it had earned for the compara- than 200% to almost $120 a tonne. processes. results this week. The company in economic free cash — defined tive period in 2018. Kumba has also done substan- Another, if smaller, geological divi- increased its earnings before inter- as cash fl ow after all cash expenses As a result, Kumba’s board tial work to rationalise operations dend is that the ore from Sishen has est, tax, depreciation and amortisa- from mining, overhead, marketing declared an interim cash dividend and increase efficiencies in recent a low moisture content because the tion (ebitda) 82% to R12.4-billion and market development, sustaining of R9.9-billion or R30.79 a share, years, said Victor von Reiche, a Northern Cape is so dry. compared with previous period capital expenditure and capitalised Mkhwanazi said. At a dividend pay- portfolio manager at Citadel. The These are all geological attrib- and announced a cash dividend of waste stripping — of 81% over the out ratio of 98%, this is above the company noted in its results that utes specifi c to its Sishen mine, Von R3-billion or R11 a share. A key con- period. company’s target range of 50% to it has increased operational effi- Reiche said, and allow Kumba to tribution to its performance has been Mogalakwena is also rich in palla- good price fundamentals in the bas- dium, Von Reiche noted, so has the ket for PGMs, which include, among added bonus of the lift seen in palla- others, palladium and rhodium as dium prices. “This is one of the most Metals renaissance well as platinum. important mines, by a long way, in Iron ore and some platinum group metals have tripled or quintupled in price In US dollar terms, the PGM basket [Anglo Platinum’s] life,” he said. prices increased 16% year on year, With roaring metal prices a main Iron ore Palladium Rhodium according to the company. Although reason both mining houses are “printing money” the big question is 130 3 515 the US dollar platinum price an 1 560 ounce declined 11% this was “more how long the good times will last. Weekly spot price Afternoon price fix 3 000 Weekly price than off set” by both palladium and “Iron ore prices at these levels are 2013 to 2019, 1 300 2013 to 2019, 2013 to 2019, rhodium prices, which increased not sustainable,” said Von Reiche, 100 $ a tonne $ an ounce $ an ounce 39% and 47% an ounce, respectively, but he added that how quickly they in the fi rst half of the year. normalised remains to be seen. 1 100 2 000 In addition, the rand weakened Nevertheless, even if prices do cor- 80 15% against the dollar, the company rect, he said, Kumba “sits further noted, meaning the rand basket price down the cost curve” for iron-ore 900 1 500 per ounce sold increased 33% during producers and is likely to be able to the period. sustain itself. 60 Under chief executive Chris Looking at the PGM basket — pal- Griffiths, who formerly headed up ladium is a key input into catalytic 700 1 000 Kumba, Anglo Platinum has also converters, which reduce vehicle seen a lot of portfolio rationalisation, emissions. Despite the lower plati- Price has Price has Price has 800 said Von Reiche, and the company num prices there have been technical tripled since tripled quintupled has concentrated on its highest-mar- difficulties in switching palladium 40 late 2015 since 2016 since 2016 gin-generating assets with the long- for platinum in catalytic converters. 500 630 est life span. While this is likely to take place in the next few years, the substitution ’13 ’14 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18’19 ’13’14 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 ’13 ’14 ’15 ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 Open-cast or pit mining has become much more attractive and for platinum means prices should Graphic: JOHN McCANN Data source: MERGENCE viable in South Africa, Major noted, not collapse, he said. 20 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Business BIZ BRIEFS

Boeing plunges Boeing, maker of the ill-fated 737 Max aeroplane model that has been linked to two fatal airline crashes, posted a 35% quarterly decline in revenues when it released its second-quarter results this week. At over $3-billion, the resultant losses are reportedly the worst for the plane manufacturer in a dec- ade. The aeroplane’s flight software has been deemed a key feature in the crashes of Indonesian Lion Air flight 610 in October 2018 and Ethiopian Airlines flight 302 in March this year. The company said in its results announcement that it is hard at work with United States regulators to certify a software update and safely return the Max model to service.

Inflation unchanged at 4.5% The annual consumer price inflation is at 4.5% in June 2019 — unchanged from May, said Statistics South Africa. The increase is within the South African Reserve Bank (Sarb) infla- tion target of between 3% and Face off: Advocate Jannie Lubbe (left), evidence leader at the Mpati commission, speaking to former PIC head Dan Matjila (centre). Businessman 6%. The main contributors to the Kholofelo Maponya has accused Matjila of standing in the way of the growth of black empowerment companies. Photo Delwyn Verasamy annual inflation rate were food and non-alcoholic beverages; housing and utilities; transport; and miscellaneous goods and ser- vices. Month-on-month consumer Maponya takes PIC to court price inflation increased by 0.4% in June from 0.3% in May. “With inflation seemingly under control and central banks worldwide eas- ing interest rates, the Sarb’s mon- MMI claims that the state asset manager owes it delivery of services by MMI. etary policy committee decreased He says a board resolution dated the repo rate by 25 basis points millions for work conducted for SA Home Loans July 13 2017 approved six offers at its recent meeting, providing to purchase development land in some long-awaited respite for Thando Maeko transaction fee for a loan facility and Polokwane, where homes that would consumers, but inflation expecta- that he would have not approved be financed by SA Home Loans tions over the medium-term will usinessman and head of that Maponya be paid a transaction would be built. In the proposal pre- be closely watched before the Sarb Matome Maponya Hold- fee by the mortgage lender. pared by MMI, the profit envisaged provides further relief,” said Luigi ings (MMI), Kholofelo Later in the day, Matjila told the from the purchase of the land and Marinus, portfolio manager at PPS BMaponya wants the Pub- commission that Maponya is not the financing of the homes would be Investments. lic Investment Corpora- entitled to any transaction fees. more than R51-million. tion (PIC) to fork out more than In a statement to the commission, Maponya says that the PIC has not AVI Group earnings’ update R45-million in unpaid transaction Penwarden says he has reported yet honoured its obligations, two AVI Group, home to a range of and origination fees for work MMI Matjila, Maponya and Masekesa to years after signing the agreement. In brands such as seafood company conducted on behalf of mortgage the Hawks over allegations that the a response to a letter of demand by I&J and footwear stores Spitz and lender SA Home Loans and the state trio may have acted in contravention Urgent application: MMI head Maponya dated December 21 2017, Green Cross, says its sales for the asset manager. of section 3 of the Prevention and Kholofelo Maponya wants his the PIC expressed concern about year to June have been severely His demands relate to a loan that Combating of Corrupt Activities Act. 6.5% cut from a PIC deal the lack of revenue the projects had affected by the restructuring costs was extended by the PIC to SA Home “These allegations [by Penwarden] generated. of Green Cross. The company Loans to provide home financing are malicious and may have origi- and has provided a statement to the “Our understanding is that the said in a trading update that it for members of the Government nated because it was erroneously inquiry. He has not yet been provided company has not broken any ground has written down the value of Employees Pension Fund (GEPF). believed that I was withholding the with a date to appear at the inquiry. on any of the land and consequently the shoe business by R87-million Maponya is a shareholder of SA approval of the second credit facil- A date is yet to be set for Maponya’s no income will be forthcoming in the after restructuring it to improve Home Loans through his company, ity,” Matjila told the commission. court action, which is filed in the near future,” the letter from the PIC its profitability. The restructur- MMI. In emailed responses to the Mail Pretoria high court. reads. ing cost R27-million. In a Sens Maponya, who has been named & Guardian, the Hawks declined Maponya has been involved in Maponya says that the PIC’s announcement the company said: by several witnesses, including for- to comment on the case to avoid a two-year long battle to have the delays in advancing the loans and “The trading environment was mer PIC chief executive Dan Matjila duplicating and jeopardising the PIC meet his demands. In the court fees resulted in the housing project difficult throughout the financial and SA Home Loans chief executive investigations of the commission. papers, seen by the M&G, he claims not breaking ground and this has year with weak consumer spending Kevin Penwarden at the PIC com- The crime unit, however, said that that the PIC’s alleged failure to meet affected the running of MMI. limiting sales volumes in many of mission of inquiry, filed court papers it is “working closely with the com- its obligations prompted him to take “The PIC and the first respondent our categories, exacerbated by com- in January 2018 demanding that the mission in identifying any possible drastic measures “to seek the inter- [the GEPF] effectively prevented petitor discounting which we were PIC honour its obligations for ser- criminal conduct”. ference of [the] court”. the successful generating of money unwilling to match.” vices rendered by MMI in the PIC-SA Masekesa has also been linked to Maponya claims in the papers that by the persistent refusal to pay,” Home Loans transaction. another questionable transaction there is a “disturbing” practice in Maponya says, adding that there is Green energy champ ousted Maponya said that the decision to by the PIC, including the $65-mil- the PIC where Matjila, as the chief no clause in the agreements signed Karen Breytenbach, who spear- take the PIC to court over the fees lion investment the PIC made in a executive, would stand in the way by the various parties that stipulates headed the expansion of inde- dispute was motivated by his wish palm oil and soap-producing pro- of the growth and development of a time period in which MMI is enti- pendent power producers’ (IPPs) to defend himself against “malicious ject. Masekesa was appointed as black empowerment companies by tled to management fees. renewable energy projects, has and defamatory” statements against a non-executive director of S&S constantly refusing to sign off loans Maponya says because MMI has found herself without a job. him at the commission. which is a company linked to former despite agreements being signed. invested a significant amount of Bloomberg reported on Monday During his testimony at the Mpati finance minister Nhlanhla Nene’s Maponya says this practice is well its funds into the transaction — that Breytenbach was asked commission in May, Penwarden son, Siyabonga. Masekesa told the known in the PIC but goes unchal- R180 000 on valuation fees and to leave her job nine months said that he had been informed Commission in March that the PIC lenged because employees fear R70 000 on company secretarial fees before her contract expired. Her by Matjila’s executive assistant, paid R18,5-million to Siyabonga’s retribution. — the court should hear the case on employer, the Development Bank Wellington Masekesa, that the PIC business partner, Amir Mizra for In his submissions to the court, an urgent basis. He says MMI could of Southern Africa (DBSA) said would approve of a R10-billion loan facilitating the deal. Masekesa told Maponya challenges Matjila’s claims face insolvency, jeopardising the in a statement that her contract to SA Home Loans only if the mort- the inquiry that S&S has never ser- that he is not entitled to money from envisaged affordable housing project ended in February this year. It gage lender agreed to pay Maponya viced its loan since May 2016. the PIC. He says the PIC appointed for members of the GEPF. said her contract was a fixed term R45-million. The PIC had already The commission, chaired by MMI as its management company The PIC has filed responding and “she had reached the DBSA’s invested R9-billion in SA Home retired Judge Lex Mpati, is prob- in the SA Home Loans transaction in papers to Maponya’s claims and mandatory retirement age of 60”. Loans in 2015. ing allegations of impropriety at January 2016. As the manager, MMI plans to oppose his application. The To make time to find another Last week, however, Matjila dis- Africa’s largest fund manager. The would be responsible for running the PIC’s spokesperson, Deon Botha, has replacement, Breytenbach was tanced himself from Penwarden’s PIC manages more than R2-trillion housing project. According to the described the application as “frivo- offered another contract, which testimony, which he said could be in assets, the bulk of which belong to agreement, MMI would also be enti- lous” and lacking in merit. she declined, the DBSA said. The viewed as a solicitation of a bribe. the Government Employees Pension tled to a management fee of 6.5% of IPP office was set up in 2010 by the Matjila told the commission he was Fund (GEPF). the development company’s commit- Thando Maeko is an Adamela Trust department of energy, the treasury unaware of any contract between Maponya has indicated his willing- ted capital, which would be would be business reporter at the Mail & and the DBSA, which provided the Maponya and SA Home Loans on a ness to appear before the commission paid annually and in advance for the Guardian initial funding. Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 21 Business The R12-million Sowetan mansion

The multi-use property price increases,” Mkhwanazi says. According to the FNB property has gone on sale with barometer for June 2019, although a high-end price tag. residential property prices are gener- ally in decline, prices in more aff ord- There is also growing able areas (with an average purchase demand for township price of R395 000) grew 16.3% in the fi rst quarter of this year and those in properties in general the low-to-medium segment (costing an average of R638 200) grew 6.8%. Thando Maeko The higher end of the market showed below-infl ation growth, with 2 000m2 mansion upper income homes (with an aver- with a price tag of age purchase price of R1.3-million) R12.2-million is and luxury homes (costing an aver- Amaybe not the first age of R2.3-million) showing 3% and thing you’d expect to 0.8% growth, respectively, in the fi rst find in the heart of Soweto but for its quarter. owner, construction company boss, The data shows that although Vusi Mahlaba, it’s exactly what the prices in Johannesburg have been country’s largest township needs. ailing, property in townships such as “I’m a trendsetter, I’ve always been Soweto, Meadowlands and Tembisa one. There is nothing like this ekasi,” have been outperforming the city’s says Mahlaba as we enter the home. suburban areas over the past couple The property is a family home, con- of years. ference centre and a guesthouse in Average prices in the affluent one. It has 23 bathrooms, 22 bed- northern suburb of Sandton and rooms, eight parking bays, a walk-in surrounding areas registered a 1.7% closet, an entrance hall, a fi replace decline in the first quarter of this and a pool. The property has been eKasi castle: This property is year. Prices in more costly areas listed by both the Rawson Property a family home, conference such as Randburg and Midrand Group and Keller Williams Realty. centre and guesthouse have recorded similar trends, with The three-storey property towers boasting 22 rooms and the suburbs registering a 0.4% and above its neighbours at the corner 23 bathrooms. Its asking 2% decline in the first quarter of of Ngalela and Mampuru streets in price, however, will be out 2019, respectively. This continues Mapetla. Its high walls and white of reach for the average the trend in those suburbs from the exterior are reminiscent of the Sowetan. Photo: Oupa Nkosi last quarter of 2018, where prices fell homes you fi nd in the northern sub- 1.7% and 2.4%, respectively. urbs of Johannesburg, not in an area Soweto remains the best perform- plagued by high unemployment, an increase in demand for these ing sub-region in the metro. The crime and poor infrastructure. properties and, in turn, pushed up average house price growth, how- “I am a ghetto boy through and prices,” he says. ever, has slowed over the past year through, but I want to farm,” says “High demand in these areas has declining from a peak of 14.3% in Mahlaba on why he wants to sell. attracted interest from high-earning 2018 to 4.7% in 2019. The property has been on the market individuals [and] households as an “Soweto has all the things required since November 2017 and attracted investment opportunity. This has to be a thriving property market, says one serious buyer, but, says Mahlaba, also helped push property prices Nhlanganiso Sibanda of Rawson, one “the fi nancing was not approved’’. higher in areas such as Soweto and of the estate agencies marketing the As he owned the land on which the has pushed up the initial asking the fi rst choice for home buyers, the Tembisa,” Mkhwanazi says. Mahlaba property. property is built, Mahlaba decided price of R10.5-million to the current market has become increasingly He says that the demand for rental “In Soweto the selling price for not only to build his dream home for R12.2-million. attractive for fi rst-time owners who property in lower-income areas a two-bedroom house is now well his family of fi ve, but also the adja- In an area where the median take- often cannot aff ord to buy elsewhere. should, in theory, provide some over R400 000 compared to R25 000 cent Vardos Guest House, which buy- home salary is R5 000 to R10 000 a FNB economist Siphamandla support for the rental market but when I first started working here ers get as part of the sale price. month, according to property intelli- Mkhwanazi says the lack of social because households have been under over 20 years ago,” he jokes, as we “Initially, I wanted to build some- gence company Lightstone, the aver- housing close to areas of economic financial pressure, landlords have drive to other homes on sale. thing special for tourists. You know, age Sowetan will not be able to buy activities leaves many aspiring not been able to increase prices. According to Sibanda the most they always come here to look at us the property. homeowners considering townships South Africa’s lacklustre economy popular suburbs for young people in Soweto, but now it has become Other high-end Soweto proper- when buying their property. and strained household dispos- and fi rst-time buyers are Diepkloof like a second home to residents of the ties now listed for sale include a “Infrastructure development and able income has also made the rental Extension, Orlando West and Protea community,” he says. four-bedroom home in Orlando for improved service delivery in town- market more attractive, particularly North, where a three-bedroom house The three-star guest house hosts R4-million, a fi ve-bedroom home in ships such as Soweto has made it a in the townships. can go for as much as R1.5-million. events as well as offering accom- Orlando West for R5-million and a viable alternative to buyers looking “This is because households have modation. Mahlaba has also begun fi ve-bedroom home in Diepkloof for for middle- to lower-priced proper- generally been under fi nancial pres- Thando Maeko is an Adamela Trust construction on three conference R2.9-million. ties. With access to credit markets sure for quite some time and have business reporter at the Mail & rooms and a spa. The construction Although townships are not always now relatively easier, this has meant limited capacity to absorb massive Guardian

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www.isfap.co.za To discuss a funding partnership please contact us at [email protected] 22 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Business PepsiCo eyes Pioneer’s Africa access

Some analysts have raised concerns about another food giant entering the highly concentrated sector

Tshegofatso Mathe IMF and World Bank had found that a key economic problem in South here have been ululations Africa is the dominance of monopo- in the market about the lies. “They have a stranglehold on fact that food and bever- the economy … That was what was Gotta have it: A Pepsi advertisement in Mumbai, India. The multinational has made a R24-billion offer to buy Tage giant PepsiCo wants designed in the past and it was so JSE-listed company Pioneer Foods. Photo: Adam Ferguson/Bloomberg via Getty Images to invest in South Africa designed that it ensured that there through a R24-billion offer to buy were a few insiders. It so happened Bokomo brands in its stable. It has a Pioneer Foods has been struggling in they are faced with very high capital JSE-listed Pioneer Foods, but con- that the insiders were white control- market capitalisation of R22.8-billion the current economic climate because requirements, also because the sector cerns are also being raised about the lers of the economy and that has con- and is one of the largest players in the it off ers brands that are susceptible is vertically integrated.” investment in a sector that is highly tinued right until today,” he said. food sector. It reported revenue of to weak economic conditions, but Paelo said that from farming to concentrated. Ramaphosa used the the domi- R20-billion in 2018. noted that PepsiCo is “international production until the product is in the Local and international agencies, nance of the country’s top four banks PepsiCo generated $64-billion in [and] has a number of businesses — store, you fi nd the same company in including the World Bank and the as an example and did not refer to net revenue in 2018 and has a market so [Pioneer’s] Bokomo brand could be charge of the entire process. International Monetary Fund (IMF), the food sector, but research by the capitalisation of $182.8-billion with seen on international shelves”. Tracy Ledger, of the Public Aff airs have expressed worry about the high Centre for Competition Regulation well-known brands such as Frito-Lay, The Centre for Competition Research Institute, agreed and said degree of concentration in some sec- and Economic Development at the Gatorade, and Pepsi-Cola. The multi- Regulation and Economic the high concentration is due to his- tors of the South African economy. University of Johannesburg in 2017 national giant said it entered into an Development report looked at the torical factors: under the apartheid The government now has a new tool showed the ownership in the food sec- agreement to acquire all outstanding biggest manufacturers in the coun- government there was a complex net- in the Competition Amendment Act, tor is highly concentrated, with a few shares of Pioneer Foods Group for try, including Astral Foods, Pioneer work of legislation that governed eve- passed in February this year, which large companies holding considerable R110 a share, a 56.5% premium on Foods, RCL Foods, Rhodes Food and rything, including price guarantees allows it to tackle concentrated sec- market share. Pioneer’s ruling share price over 30 Tiger Brands , among others. and controls. tors by enabling the entry of smaller Pioneer, which focuses on wheat, days to July 15. The report found that the sector Ledger said even when the law businesses. maize, rice, pasta, beans and dry Pioneer’s share price responded is concentrated: for instance, RCL changed in 1996 with the introduc- President Cyril Ramaphosa, speak- vegetables, includes the Ceres, to the off er by jumping to R101 from Foods and Astral have a combined tion of the Marketing of Agricultural ing this week at a conference at the Heinz, Weet-Bix, Liqui-Fruit, Sasko, R77.60. The purchase will be funded 46% market share in the broiler meat Products Act, which did away with University of Johannesburg, said the Marmite, ProNutro, White Star and through a combination of debt and production market (poultry); Rhodes the restrictions, the eff ects of the old cash, and has been unanimously Food group has a 66.3% market share law are still being felt. This is why you R105 approved by the boards of directors of in canned meats; and Tiger Brands fi nd small groups controlling the sec- Just got juicier both companies. has 48.6% market share of the retail tor and enjoying advantages. R100 The purchase will allow PepsiCo to value in the sugar confectionery Paelo said there needs to be decon- Pioneer Foods Group tap into markets in Africa and intro- market. centration so new players can enter. R95 share price in 2019 duce its products to areas Pioneer Pioneer’s White Star super maize “I am not sure if there is a way to R90 Food distributes its products, to meal brand has 25.3% of the market, achieve it other than through the which it said. and Tiger Brands’ Ace super maize Competition Commission, but one of R85 Anthony Clark, an analyst at Small meal holds 22.5% in white maize mill- the key things is just to support entry. R80 Talk Daily, said there are certain ele- ing. Pioneer Foods and Tiger Brands We need to support [new businesses] ments of a transaction that will fit together held 56% of the breakfast through capital, skills and improve R75 very nicely into the international cereal market in 2015-6, and 54.9% in access to increase routes to market,” PepsiCo portfolio. “My view is Pepsi baked goods. she said. R70 wants Pioneer Foods because it wants The centre’s Anthea Paelo said: to own an amazing distribution chan- “The sector is highly concentrated Tshegofatso Mathe is an Adamela Jan 2019 Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul nel in this country and into parts of with high barriers to entry. In order Trust business reporter at the Mail & Graphic: JOHN McCANN Data source: BLOOMBERG Africa,” said Clark. Clark said that for a business to enter the sector Guardian Internecine lawfare hampers Eskom as it burns through bailouts

COMMENT ways or down, a combination of a opportunities foregone, the R105- State of the Nation address in June Kevin Davie moribund economy (at least in part billion over the next two years is that a chief restructuring officer Eskom-induced) and its customers half the R200-billion spent procur- would be appointed to help the As we all know, we now pay twice cutting back on usage or switching ing energy through the renewable Eskom chief executive plug the for electricity: once through the tar- to alternative energy sources. energy independent power produc- holes in the sinking ship. iff and again when we pay our taxes. Eskom’s last full-year report put ers programme. Mboweni said on Tuesday the I wonder what my electricity is cost- its sales at R175-billion. Assuming Analysts estimate that borrow- chief restructuring offi cer would be ing if the fi scal support is included. no change for the present year, the ings to fund the Eskom bail- named later in the day. But we’re Finance Minister Tito Mboweni R49-billion (R23-billion plus R26- out could push our budget still waiting. We’re also waiting for a said in his February budget that billion) from Mboweni this year defi cit to 6% of gross domes- new chief executive after Phakamani R23-billion a year would be given to tops this up by 28%. tic product, with Reserve Hadebe quit, presumably buckling Eskom for the next three years. Its average tariff , as published Bank governor Lesetja under the inordinate strain. This week he used a special appro- in its 2018 integrated report, Kganyago warning this These are Herculean jobs, requir- priation Bill to add R26-billion was 85 cents a kilowatt hour. week that bailouts for ing considerable fi nancial, engineer- this year and R33-billion next year, Mboweni’s handout this year state-owned companies ing and management skills. They bringing government’s total support adds 23.8 cents. risk pushing the coun- also need heavyweight political over the next two years for our own There are other ways to try’s debt-to-GDP ratio backing. home-grown version of an implod- think about these numbers. to among the high- We have such a politician in the ing death star to R105-billion. The country has 17-mil- est in emerging public enterprises minister, Pravin Eskom is expected to reveal the lion households. The R105- markets. Gordhan, but he finds himself perilous state of its finances next billion bailout over the President Cyril embroiled in internecine lawfare week, when it releases its annual next two years equates to Ramaphosa with the public protector, now with results. Its loss for the year is R6 200 per household. announced in his a set of damning court judgments expected to be about R20-billion. We have 7.6-million tax- against her, over a unit formed in It reported revenue of R90-billion payers; this is an average Budget buster: the tax authority 12 years ago and at the halfway stage in November, of R13 800 per taxpayer Finance Minister a pension payout made nine years but warned that it expected its sec- over the two years. Tito Mboweni ago, even though both matters have ond-half numbers to be lower. If we express the cost has to keep already been subject to scrutiny by Its sales have been moving side- in terms of green energy rescuing Eskom independent authorities. Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 23 Comment& Analysis

Graphic: JOHN McCANN Getting rid of Visual ref: CARAVAGGIO’S MEDUSA Mkhwebane won’t be easy

Different factions with vested interests are aligning to protect the destructive protector

Africa. Very soon the high court will rule Richard Calland on the Gordhan application. Once again, Mkhwebane will probably be exposed and the “charge sheet” s President Cyril against her will lengthen. Ramaphosa huddled The biggest blot on her copy- last weekend with book has now been provided by the Ahis advisers and law- Constitutional Court. On Sunday, yers, the question that the day before the court ruling, pulsed through his cerebrum must Ramaphosa made a statement to have been: Will no one rid me of this the nation. It was the right thing to troublesome public protector? do because the stakes were so high Will the president’s call be and he did it well, nimbly but firmly answered? It is important to recog- treading the delicate line between nise that the “fightback” by former attacking the office and its current president Jacob Zuma and his aco- office-bearer. lytes and cronies began long before Mkhwebane made serious allega- Ramaphosa’s victory at Nasrec in tions against Ramaphosa concerning December 2017. The former pub- the donation made to his campaign lic protector, Thuli Madonsela, by the corruption-tainted company had been a thorn in Zuma’s side Bosasa, and then later misleading and, when her tenure came to an Parliament about whether and what end in October 2016, she needed he knew about the donation. This is it. Her conduct is egregious. by The Farm” — a faction in the committee to simply take the find- to be replaced by someone more “It is therefore essential — as it She is unfit for public office, let alone base of the intelligence services. ings of the court. It would probably compliant. should be in all investigations — that the vital role of public protector. Mkhwebane once worked there, but need to conduct its own inquiry. Despite the spotlight on the par- such findings are based on fact, that This is the background, the geneal- that does not mean she is a spook. Second, politically, Ramaphosa is liamentary appointment process, they have a sound legal basis, that ogy of the ugly, distracting war that However, there has to be an explana- going to have to convince his own Busisiwe Mkhwebane slipped in as they are rational and that they have is being waged by Mkhwebane. It tion for her conduct. caucus to take this line. It will test the Zuma performed a deft sleight of been arrived at through a fair, impar- is important to bear in mind when political loyalty of his MPs. Which hand, mesmerising civil society by tial and lawful process,” Ramaphosa assessing the latest episode because o, what will or should hap- takes us back to that deeply flawed pretending to back Judge Siraj Desai said in response. it helps show what the Council pen next? What should hap- candidates’ list that caused such con- for the public protector post. Desai, He framed it well: “I am challeng- for the Advancement of the South Spen is that Parliament must sternation when it was published in fairly or not, was characterised as ing her in court in order to protect African Constitution (Casac) claimed move to instigate a pro- the run-up to the May 8 elections. being an ANC hack, the office of the public protector and on July 14 is the “pattern of conduct cess to establish whether there are The scoundrels on that list will Now Mkhwebane is a thorn in the Constitution.” that is overtly partisan and that grounds for removing Mkhwebane fight hard to stop a move against Ramaphosa’s side. Monday’s extraordinary judg- contrary to her oath of office and on one or other of three grounds Mkhwebane. They have common First, she tried to meddle with his ment by the Constitutional Court her public protestations, she is not permitted by section 194 of the cause with her; there are common Cabinet by rehashing the stale story found that in the Reserve Bank/ in fact exercising her powers with- Constitution, namely “misconduct, interests in halting the reforms that of the so-called “rogue” investiga- Absa case “[t]he public protector’s out fear or favour, but in service of incapacity or incompetence”. may lead to their own investigation, tive unit established in the South entire model of investigation was certain factional and other vested The judgment of the Constitutional prosecution and imprisonment. African Revenue Service when flawed. She was not honest about her interests”. Court this week provides the basis This is why it matters. This is Pravin Gordhan was its commis- engagement during the investiga- Casac pointed to the various cases for a finding on at least two of those why it will be so tough. This is why sioner. Rightly, Ramaphosa declined tion. In addition, she failed to engage in which court proceedings have grounds — misconduct and incompe- Ramaphosa has to win this battle. to allow Mkhwebane to interfere with the parties directly affected by exposed Mkhwebane’s incompe- tence. Section 194 requires, in addi- The term of office for the public pro- with his choice of Cabinet and reap- her new remedial action before she tence or bad faith, including the tion, that a committee of Parliament tector is seven years. Mkhwebane pointed Gordhan to the crucial pub- published her final report. This type Estina dairy farm initiative in Vrede, makes such a finding and then that has four years to go. lic enterprises portfolio so that he of conduct falls far short of the high Free State. The court said her report a supporting resolution is passed by Timing is important, tactically, can continue his mammoth clean-up standards required of her office.” “points either to ineptitude or gross the National Assembly with at least a politically and maybe even legally. operation of state-owned enterprises The Constitutional Court con- negligence in the execution of her two-thirds (special) majority. Ramaphosa has to decide whether such as Eskom. firmed the high court’s decision duties”. The case concerns the inter- Appropriately, it is not easy to to hold the parliamentary pro- Gordhan has brought urgent that Mkhwebane must pay 15% ests of Ramaphosa’s opponent inside remove a public protector from cess off until his own challenge to high court proceedings against of the legal costs of the other liti- the ANC’s leadership, secretary gen- office. On paper, thanks to her crude- Mkhwebane’s findings against him Mkhwebane. In his coruscating gants. “Personal costs orders are not eral Ace Magashule, the former Free ness, Mkhwebane has made it easy on the Bosasa donation. It may be founding application, he unpicks granted against public officials who State premier, and serious allega- for Parliament. Yet, it is unlikely to smart or even necessary to prove the her confused reasoning and then conduct themselves appropriately. tions of corruption against him. prove so straightforward. First of irrationality of her decision-making helpfully joins the dots, as he is wont They are granted when public offi- The high court in the Estina dairy all, as was ventilated in the EFF case against him first. to do, between the flip-flopping cials fall egregiously short of what is case was also asked to make a costs concerning the impeachment pro- Ramaphosa can’t afford four more Economic Freedom Fighters and required of them.” order against Mkhwebane on a per- cess for removing a president, there years of her meddling and of the their support for Mkhwebane — sonal basis, but opted to wait for may be a lacuna in terms of the rules destabilising distraction it causes. especially on the “rogue unit” issue guidance from the Constitutional that should govern such a process. On Sunday Ramaphosa made it clear because of skeletons in their own tax Court in the Reserve Bank matter. It would appear to be a mixture that he will not be distracted. Now cupboard. “She is not in fact Whatever or whoever is driving of fact and politics. A parliamentary he has big victories to win — in court It becomes clearer how exercising her powers Mkhwebane, it is proving to be a committee must make a finding of and in Parliament. Mkhwebane has become the symbol costly matter. She is being made to misconduct, incapacity or incompe- of the unholy alliance that is form- without fear or favour, pay. She is being held to account. tence. The courts have laid a solid Richard Calland is an associate ing between the EFF and the Zuma but in service of But she needs to go. basis for such a finding but it is professor in public law at the Uni- rump, and a symptom of the under- In the corridors of power, the unlikely this will be sufficient politi- versity of Cape Town and a partner lying, unresolved existential con- certain factional and most often stated rumour is that cally, and it is unclear if it would be in the political risk consultancy, The tradictions of contemporary South other vested interests” Mkhwebane is being “handled legally sufficient for a parliamentary Paternoster Group 24 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Comment & Analysis Day Zero: Lessons for Eskom guzzles our resources cities in Global South Gina Ziervogel and Leonie climate shock needs more than Joubert, authors of Day Zero: just a good technical approach to n February, Finance Minister Tito Mboweni announced in his budget One City’s Response to a Record- managing water, it also needs clear that R23-billion, the first of several such payments over the next 10 years, would be made to support Eskom. The first payment was sched- Breaking Drought, argue that communication, inter-departmental uled for later in the year, in August. for an unequal and growing city co-operative governance, evidence- I But just five weeks later, in April, after Parliament had risen ahead of the May election, Mboweni had to write to the House to authorise R17- such as Cape Town to survive a based research and involved citizens billion of the R23-billion to be paid. Eskom had run out of cash. This week he announced a special appropriation Bill to bail out the he drought that hit Cape money-eating machine by a further R26-billion this year and R33-billion Town last year was the next. The total taxpayer support for the two years will be R105-billion. worst in more than a cen- Moody’s, the credit rating agency that still has us at investment grade, Ttury of record-keeping. said the doubling of financial support was credit-negative because it would No one saw it coming, not constitute an additional strain on the budget. “While the government may even the seasoned weather-watch- try to absorb some of the costs to help rescue the cash-strapped power ers and climate scientists. As the utility in the medium-term budget in October, the room to manoeuvre is crisis worsened, fault lines began to extremely constrained,” Moody’s said on its website. emerge in what is often described as Mboweni said in February that the money came with firm conditions, one of the most unequal cities in the notably the appointment of a chief reorganisation officer to oversee Eskom’s world. restructuring. This in part envisages the division of Eskom into three enti- How does a city deliver water — ties to separately manage generation, transmission and distribution, the something that’s a basic human split being intended to drive overall efficiencies. right — where there’s potentially Announcing the increased bailout on Tuesday, Mboweni said the chief less of it to share as its population reorganisation officer would be named later the same day. At the time of and economy grow, where it costs publishing on Thursday there was no news on the appointment, nor on a money to deliver that water into replacement for Phakamani Hadebe, who has quit as chief executive, citing everyone’s homes, and yet where health reasons. not everyone has the means to pay Eskom devours public resources with no firm plan — or even an outline for that service? Drought equaliser: Cape Town residents last year queued to refill water — of how government plans to triage the haemorrhaging. This is not to say Cape Town caught the atten- bottles at Newlands Spring. Photo: Morgana Wingard/Getty Images that fixing Eskom will be politically, financially or operationally easy. tion of the international media as Eskom is fundamentally broken. It is yesterday’s outdated way of doing the threat of Day Zero drew closer of the estimated 180 000 house- these responsibilities may fall on things in today’s fast-changing energy market. It is too big, too centralised, in 2018, the day when emergency holds in informal settlements who the shoulders of departments that overstaffed, too dependent on a single fossil fuel input and technology, is rationing measures would kick in still collect water from standpipes are under-staffed, under-skilled and inefficient and badly run. It has also been brutalised by rampant corruption, and the city said it would cut off every day. When dams are full, this sometimes stretched to breaking which added to the myriad challenges it faces. water to suburban homes and busi- approach to managing a city’s water point during a crisis. It has been well known for some time now, and acknowledged by nesses outside of the central busi- system makes sense; when dams are Meeting the existing development President Cyril Ramaphosa, that fixing Eskom is the top priority. Without a ness area. Everyone would have to empty, it doesn’t. challenges of the city, in a context sustainable energy supply, there is no economy and no country. There is no queue for a daily ration of 25 litres of Cape Town’s population is grow- where water will be more scarce in new dawn. water per person per day, from 200 ing along with its economy and, future, means understanding this, Moody’s was bothered by the doubling of financial support, but also the distribution points around the city. even without extreme drought, ris- not just in terms of its day-to-day absence of a plan. “The lack of a strategy to return Eskom to a more stable Middle-class people would have to ing temperatures, heatwaves and water delivery, but how it is plan- financial situation that would reduce the need for government support collect water in containers the way less predictable rain, demand is ning for decades, not just the next exacerbates the problem for the government,” it said. many in informal settlements have expected to outstrip supply soon. five-year electoral cycle. As a country we do seem able to identify problems. The Zondo commission, to every day, regardless of drought Added to that, rising global tem- The city-wide response to the for instance, is a conveyor belt of corruption paraded before us. We can see it. conditions. peratures will alter this region’s drought, captured in Day Zero, We also wait to see action taken against those who robbed us blind. In many ways, this drought, in climate, making these kinds of fleshes out the most important les- We have seen Eskom bankrupt itself. We now watch as it threatens to this city, was the local expression of extreme droughts more likely to sons that any city can draw from bankrupt all of us. what happens when a climate shock occur. Cape Town’s experience. It looks at like this hits a city that already has There is also message of hope, the need for stronger governance the everyday development chal- though. One analysis by the between city departments and with lenges of service delivery backlogs, University of Cape Town’s African national government, the need for high unemployment, contentious Climate and Development Initiative better data, knowledge and com- UK fallout will hurt us political rivalries, and generations shows that the city has managed munication, the need to understand of systemic inequality. It showed to stabilise the growth in water how the wider water system works, how politically and economically demand at 2% a year, because of and the need to skill people up to be We have built so much of the world around the greatness of unrestrained unstable a city can become, very its demand management practices. adaptive and competent. These les- capitalism. With the fall of the Soviet Union — that so-called “end of history” quickly, if a “natural” disaster of this And, as the post-drought analysis sons can help prime the residents of — came an era of profit above all else. The victorious world powers, and their scale hits. shows, when a city government a city to understand their own role companies, stripped away regulation and created an era of obscene wealth But it also shows how quickly a and its residents mobilise around in this complex and challenging — footballers earn more than the sum total of the communities that support city and its citizens can respond. a climate shock such as this, they city-scale water system. them, while we laud the yachts of trillionaires as they float from one tax haven Cape Town became a living labora- can make steps towards being more When the winter rains finally to the next. tory for testing how to navigate a water- and climate-resilient in the arrived in 2018, Day Zero was called This system is built on the labour of those who struggle to make ends meet. crisis like this, and other cities can longer term. off, at least until the end of 2019. It has destroyed the environment, driven climate change and left us with draw from these lessons. The Day Zero story shows how This meant that it looked as though gross inequality. Now it is falling apart. From the perspective of complex it is to deliver water across the dams were recovering well But, instead of talking about the cause of our misery — mostly old, white Capetonians, the lesson from this a wide geographical scale, in a enough to guarantee enough water men from elite institutions — we panic and look for solutions in the same drought is that we’re all part of the region that is naturally water-scarce to keep the city going for the next 18 system. Those solutions have increasingly come in the form of small men collective project of managing and and will probably become more so months. By the end of winter, dam offering simple answers — all iterations of “Make [insert country name] great using this resource in a way that’s as climate change heats the place up levels were back to 75%. again” — Trump, Erdoùan, Modi, Bolsonaro … fair and for the common good. and makes rainfall less predictable But that doesn’t mean that the This week, 0.2% of the British population chose a new leader of similar ilk. As citizens, we need to adjust our and droughts more common. threat of such extreme ration- Boris Johnson quickly ripped his predecessor’s Cabinet apart and brought in a attitude towards water, and use it Being part of this collective pro- ing measures won’t be needed in right-wing team to lead that island state out of Europe and off a cliff. wisely and sparingly so that there’s ject of creating resilient cities means the future, whether it’s called Day Johnson is a man whose sole goal in life was to become prime minister. A enough to go around. This means being an involved citizen, holding Zero or not. Hopefully next time product of the old, racist, paternalist and white ruling class of a country made understanding that, for some, keep- our elected officials accountable as — because there will probably be a better through immigration, he has thrived off simple narratives. As a jour- ing a private swimming pool topped employees of the public in terms of next time — the city and the people nalist, he published lies and talked up the idea of the European Union as an up with water might come at the how they manage the water system living in it will be better prepared. evil empire — the ends justify the means and truth was a casualty. cost of another person’s access to today, and build a more resilient He has since talked about “piccaninnies” and the “watermelon smiles” of basic water for drinking, cooking, water system for the future. Citizens This is an edited excerpt from people on this continent. Muslim women look like “bank robbers”. Women in and cleaning, if the common, shared needs to appreciate the technical, Day Zero: One City’s Response the opposition Labour party are “hot totties”. resource runs out. At the same time, legal and institutional challenges to a Record-Breaking Drought Such a divisive figure will further ruin Britain. This is, of course, that coun- because of the city’s cross-subsidis- of delivering water across such high by the University of Cape Town’s try’s choice. But the world we have created means that damage will affect us ing water tariff structure, the water levels of inequality, where many African Climate and Development and cost people here their livelihoods. bill for that swimming pool might government departments have dif- Initiative, where Gina Ziervogel is A complex world cannot be fixed with simple solutions. help generate the city’s revenue ferent constitutional responsibili- research chair. Leonie Joubert is a that helps pay to get running water ties and have to work within rigid science writer. The book is available M&G Media Ltd into the kitchens and bathrooms legal parameters. In many cases, at dayzero.org.za Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 25 Comment & Analysis VERBATIM

”I have a view who James ONogu could be. It’s almost like there’s a person who infor- mation is fed to then they write these stories because they have a nice, secure platform to be able to discharge all this information.” — Former Public Investment Corpora- tion (PIC) chief executive Dan Matjila testifying at the inquiry into the PIC about the leaks at the company by the pseudonymous Nogu.

”At a strategic level we must Oface the reality that a large, vertically integrated energy company is an outdated model.” — Finance Minister Tito Mboweni com- menting in Parliament on Wednes- day about the state of Eskom.

”Every citizen needs to be Oable to ensure their legal rights are protected, so I wel- come the president’s decision to challenge the public protector’s report. It is still clear that we must get down to whether the president misled Parliament.” — Democratic Alliance leader Mmusi Maimane commenting on President Cyril Ramaphosa’s decision to seek an urgent review of the public protec- tor’s report on a Bosasa donation to his CR17 presidential campaign.

”Our aim was to get into the Otop four, and we did … We now want to continue the mo- mentum and development … up to the 2023 Netball World Cup in Cape Town.” — Karla Pretorius, vice-captain of the Proteas netball Betting on Boorish to bugger up team, who was named Player of the Netball World Cup.

”I say to all the doubters: My mum Winnie, who boot by the time I’ve hustled enough O‘Dude, we are going to ener- money to visit Winnie again. If not, gise the country, we are going to lives in Belfast, worries I’ll have to take my chances. It could get Brexit done.’ ” — Newly elected that the evil fop will cut be a bit of a laugh. British Prime Minister Boris Johnson. I power up the laptop, hit the gam- benefits, mess with the bling sites. Nothing. It seems nobody ”It started badly because border and restart an is taking bets on Boris yet. I’ll have Othey made me two nutmegs to wait if I’m to make any money out in my fi rst round [at training] … Irish war. So do I of this fucker and the mayhem he’s Luckily, I have learned the lesson.” about to unleash on the Brits. — Barcelona’s new signing Antoine I move on to the news sites. It’s Griezmann on his fi rst training ses- been a busy night. This time, it’s sion at the football club. Paddy Harper not another nocturnal notice by President Cyril Ramaphosa, who, it appears, has been bitten by the even- ing edict bug that infected his prede- YEARS hursday. cessor, Jacob Zuma, the king of the As always, I’m up long late night Cabinet reshuffl e. AGO before the sun. It’s home Instead, its Zuma’s suicide bomb- Tstretch day, the fi nal hur- ers, ANC secretary general Ace There is growing alarm at the dle of this week’s news Magashule and public protector slow pace of change in the steeplechase, so there’s no time to Lalaland: Boris Johnson has a new home — 10 Downing Street — and a Busisiwe Mkhwebane, who have ministry of education, which is lie about. Most of the work is out country to ruin. Photo: Simon Dawson/Bloomberg/Getty Images been burning the midnight oil. Bra paralysed by a power vacuum of the way but, given the noctur- Yster, as he’s known in the Free and still in the grip of “old guard” nal nature of our news cycle these people who didn’t vote for him to cost me money when I visit Winnie State, has let rip with a vicious attack apartheid bureaucrats. days, anything could have happened become prime minister. again. I gave back my British pass- on ANC veteran Derek Hanekom, Although educationists overnight. I called Winnie — she’s recover- port in 1994. Flying to Belfast calling him an “EFF sleeper”, a acknowledge it is early days yet, I’m also up early to see what odds ing at home after breaking her leg requires a visa, which I’m not keen to “charlatan” and “wedge driver” after they are nevertheless concerned the bookies are offering on the in a fall and spending two months in pay for given that I was born there, Economic Freedom Fighters presi- that the slow movement in a United Kingdom’s new prime minis- Belfast’s Royal Memorial Hospital — so I normally fly to Dublin, where dent Julius Malema threw Hanekom sector where expectations are ter, Boris Johnson, being in offi ce in a after watching Johnson’s installa- no visa is needed for a South African under the bus, burning him for meet- exceedingly high could backfi re year’s time. I’ve inherited my mother tion. She wasn’t happy. Winnie’s passport holder, cross the “border” ing the EFF in 2017 to discuss the on the new government. Winnie’s love of punting, so I’m keen worried that Johnson will gut the by bus or train, and head for East participation of ANC MPs in the par- The proposed Commission on to make some cash out of the disin- National Health Service, on which Belfast. If Johnson reinstalls a hard liamentary vote of no confi dence in Higher Education — due to make tegration of the Tories — and the UK she’s pretty much dependent for sur- border, I’m gonna have to cough a Zuma. urgent recommendations on the — that is inevitable under the “lead- vival. She’s also worried that Boris small fortune for a visa or jump the Mkhwebane, seemingly unde- funding problems in universi- ership” of the Trump by the Thames. will cut her retirement, housing, border, risking arrest and deporta- terred by a week of being hammered ties — is still not up and running. Johnson is a ruthless, evil bastard, heating and transport benefi ts, fi re tion from the land of my birth. by the courts, or the notice of legal And this despite a looming crisis a lying, right-wing fop with no con- her home carer who pops in daily Hopefully he’ll have been given the action by both Ramaphosa and in the tertiary sector, with the science, a racist Muppet who, despite to cook for her and to see that she’s Public Enterprises Minister Pravin impending exclusion of more his visible idiocy, is more than okay, and throw her out in the street. Gordhan over her investigations students who hope to return to capable of running the UK into the I share her concerns. Johnson is into the South African Revenue the historically black universities ground. capable of anything. He was no friend His fi rst day in offi ce Service “rogue unit” and the funding next week without having paid Boorish’s fi rst day in offi ce was, as of the working class when he was of the president’s Nasrec campaign, their fees. expected, carnage. The newest resi- mayor of London and he’s clearly was carnage as the has initiated another investiga- Restructuring of a new educa- dent of 10 Downing Street loaded his not undergone any kind of conver- newest resident of tion, this time into the appointment tion department has not begun Cabinet with fellow Brexiteers and a sion since. If anything, he has become 10 Downing Street of tax commissioner Edward in any visible way and the old fair number of nutters. Expect more worse, bolder and more vicious, so Kieswetter. department and lines of com- of the same in the coming days, along I’m also a tad worried that he will loaded his Cabinet Crazy, but not unexpected, given mand are still in place, educa- with a mad dash to complete the tamper with the soft border between with fellow Brexiteers the dirty brutal, civil war going on in tionists complained this week. — UK’s withdrawal from the European Northern Ireland and the Republic, the governing party. The Weekly Mail & Guardian, Union within 99 days, regardless of and start a war, just for the hell of it. and a fair number I close the laptop and head for the July 22 to 28 1994 the consequences for the 99% of the I’m also worried Johnson is gonna of nutters shower. 26 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Comment & Analysis Traffi cking and the corruption, collusion nexus

Corruption and police complicity are hindering South Africa’s efforts to combat this crime

CRIME in human traffi cking cases were also Marcel van der Watt a pervasive theme that emerged from the lived experiences of participants he recently released in my doctoral research. Curbside 2019 United States state conversations throughout the coun- department Trafficking try over six years, field journaling Tin Persons report ranked and in-depth interviews with 120 South Africa on the tier people active in every aspect of com- two watch list for the second consec- bating human traffi cking — includ- utive year. This ranking is not new ing brothel owners and convicted for South Africa, which occupied the traffickers — formed part of the same position from 2005 to 2008. study. The South African government has This research allowed me to glean made some laudable efforts since granular insights that are frequently its 2004 ratifi cation of the Palermo absent from theoretical discussions Protocol, the landmark international about trafficking and corruption. treaty against human trafficking. From “Casey”, a sex trafficker in These include a comprehensive piece Cape Town who also supplies “Home of legislation credited as a “sharp Affairs services” and fraudulent prosecution sword”, and the newly documents, to a Pretoria-based dip- launched national policy frame- lomat who admitted to mobilising work that fi nally sets out how South undocumented migrants for domes- Graphic: JOHN McCANN Africa’s Prevention and Combating tic servitude, the brazenness with of Traffi cking in Persons Act of 2013 which these crimes are perpetrated is sequent threat: “I must take what’s ble for a transnational case of human oxygen by a complacent response. will be implemented. revolting. coming my way now.” With a sense traffi cking was unsettled to see “how In a country in which transpar- Dedicated prosecutors, investiga- Corruption and offi cial complicity of dismay, he said: “I can honestly high up they reached and how much ency is traded for opacity, where the tors and social workers forge ahead occur in South Africa at every phase tell you I will never, ever talk to the interference he was able to create”. criminal justice system grinds under with limited resources, while suc- of the trafficking process — from South African police again. They The investigator said the accused the millstone of staff shortages and cessful prosecutions dribble in, recruitment to victim exploitation. scare me.” “even had a senior politician come a “massive credibility challenge”, although they pale in comparison Sometimes it is characterised by bla- There is a clear disincentive for and plead his case to the national answers are elusive. Slogans and with the estimated scope of the sys- tant acts of commission; at others, by some victims and witnesses to dis- director of public prosecutions at intellectual comfort will not accom- temic problem in South Africa. acts of omission. These include crim- close their ordeals and share infor- that stage”. plish anything. Pragmatic solutions One of the foremost concerns inal cases or inquiries that are not mation. Some victims, who manage Many interviewees refer to the must be coaxed from the complex about South Africa’s human traffi ck- registered, statements not obtained to flee from places of exploitation intersection of the sex trade with status quo South Africa faces, while ing problem is the role of corrup- from witnesses, reports ignored and and seek assistance from the SAPS, organised crime, human traffi cking setting aside either/or approaches to tion and offi cial complicity. In 2004, investigations manipulated — all of are bundled into police vehicles and and corruption as the ideal theatre convoluted both/and problems. the US Traffi cking in Persons report which diminish the accuracy of local taken back to their traffickers. A for compromising those in positions The national policy framework’s pointed to “evidence of traffi cking- human traffi cking data. Hawks investigator revealed, “A lot of infl uence and power. For another strategic goal “to eliminate cor- related corruption among lower-level Criminal operations, such as illegal of embassies are also involved” and prosecutor, rumours suggested ruption as one of the contributing government and police offi cials” and mining, forced labour and brothels, pointed out that some victims of traf- that an investigating officer, who factors to traffi cking in persons” is in 2007 raised concerns about local operate with offi cials’ tacit support. fi cking “are also scared of their own appeared to be “very enthusiastic” promising. However, this must hap- law enforcement offi cials believed to Interviewees in my research alleged embassies in their countries”. about the traffi cking case he investi- pen in parallel with the reinvigora- be “connected with organised crimi- both complicity by government offi - A prosecutor echoed this senti- gated, actually had personal interests tion of the public’s confi dence in the nal elements that engage in human cials in the transnational drug trade ment by describing a prominent in the sex trade and was disrupting criminal justice system. No longer traffi cking as a side business”. and their failure to investigate smug- Johannesburg hotel where prostitu- “his own competition”. According should the public be satisfied with Reports from 2014, 2015 and 2016 gling and trafficking operations tion and human traffi cking continue to the prosecutor, it was later estab- the ill-informed fl aunting of victim raised concerns about “a serious where terror groups are believed to with impunity: “We found out there lished that the investigating offi cer “rescues” and premature arrests in lack of capacity and widespread cor- be fi nancial benefi ciaries. were Nigerian syndicates running it “was handing over our case to the the media — an established pacifi ca- ruption among the police force”, Two police informants from dif- together with people from the [coun- defence attorneys”. tion tactic and frequent indicator of which constrained anti-trafficking ferent cities shared remarkably try’s name] embassy.” The full range of criminal-justice investigative shoddiness. law enforcement efforts. The lat- similar accounts of personal threats, The prosecutor highlighted that actors are particularly vulnerable to The litmus test is successful prose- est report lamented the negligible corruption and police complic- “The victim was able to confi rm that the schemes of pimps and traffick- cutions and proportionate sentences eff orts of the government to address ity with West African human traf- it was embassy staff who were in on ers. They off er free sex, alcohol and stemming from court-driven, victim- reports of corruption and official ficking networks. Both witnessed it and they had her passport and they lucrative networks; they pay stipends centred and intelligence-led investi- complicity in trafficking, creating meetings between police and traf- were saying to her that if she went and encourage drug abuse. These gations. Be the issue state capture, or “a culture of impunity for off enders, fickers in nightclubs and broth- back to the hotel she could pick up pleasures are fl eeting; the sobering human traffi cking and corruption, a raised concerns over victim protec- els, traffickers buying case dockets her passport.” The prosecutor con- cost eventually kicks in. Drug addic- battle of wits is taking place in South tion, and inhibit[ing] the govern- from police, and traffickers pay- cluded: “Nothing’s been done at the tion germinates, debt becomes over- Africa between those who are com- ment’s prosecution, protection and ing SAPS members with drugs and hotel. All the information was given whelming and videos portraying the mitted to the country’s constitutional prevention eff orts”. cash in exchange for silence or over. The police sat there.” compromised official in grimacing ideals, and the official thugs who According to Transparency co-operation. Political infl uence in high-profi le sexual positions and criminal acts continue to plunder and exploit with International, corruption is a global In one of these matters, statements investigations and prosecutions is help to blackmail them. shameless buoyancy. issue that enables human traffick- submitted by police investigators also evident in some cases. With The toxic residue of corruption is As we approach the World Day ing and concomitant impunity. In implicating “high-ranked officers” reference to “the tentacles of the far reaching. It occurs “on every level, against Traffi cking in Persons on July his book Long Walk to Nowhere: complicit in human traffi cking net- accused”, one investigator responsi- within the police and within every 30, political will and resolute leader- Human Traffi cking in Post-Mandela works were dismissed. One inform- other department”, stated a Hawks ship must be elevated as imperative South Africa, Philip Frankel points ant was encouraged to leave the investigator. Physical and psycholog- conditions for severing any hint of to widespread corruption among province for the sake of her safety. ical control over victims, public indif- corruption and official complicity the actors combating traffi cking. My In a separate case, a witness who The victim was able ference, administrative inaction, per- in human trafficking cases. In its own investigative experience in the implicated a transnational syndi- to confi rm that it was sonal protection, intelligence, offi cial absence, honourable interventions Hawks and the South African Police cate fl ed the country after a member documents, access to government may fall on a Long Walk to Nowhere. Service (SAPS) dating to 2002, and of the SAPS Organised Crime Unit embassy staff who systems and resources, transport and ongoing case consultations and civil allegedly handed his statement to were in on it [human looking the other way are but some Marcel van der Watt, PhD, is a lec- society engagements corroborate the criminals trafficking Thai women traffi cking] and they of the gifts pouring into the criminal turer and researcher at the depart- US Traffi cking in Persons reports. into South Africa. Speaking to me duffel bag. Human trafficking and ment of police practice at Unisa. He Corruption and offi cial complicity from abroad, he told me of the sub- had her passport corruption metastasise and are given is a former Hawks investigator Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 27 Comment & Analysis Courageous ‘Manning up’ fuels male anxiety thoughts

The stigma of mental of medication could also lead to an anxiety disorder. on heroism health disorders stops I can’t show my “Anxiety is more than just a bit men from seeking help, anxiety ... but why of stress, sweaty palms and a sense of butterflies in the stomach. The THE FIFTH COLUMN can’t boys cry? often resulting in the symptoms are far more severe and Hans Mackenzie Main adoption of destructive include continuous feelings of worry, fear and impending doom that are so Heroics are defined in the Cambridge coping mechanisms severe they interfere with your ability dictionary in two very different ways. to work, live a healthy life, maintain Heroics, one group of scholars says, relationships and ability to sleep.” are “dangerous or silly actions that BODY LANGUAGE Westmore points out some physi- are only done to make other people Linda Christensen cal signs: a pounding or racing heart, admire you”. No, the other group nxiety disorders are excessive sweating, muscle tension or says, heroics are “unusual actions ranked as the sixth aches, restlessness or agitation, dizzi- or achievements that are far greater largest contributor to ness or vertigo, shortness of breath than what is expected”. Alifelong health con- or a sensation of choking, insomnia, Moving into middle age, I’m at cerns worldwide with panic attacks, fatigue, nausea, diar- odds with the idea of a hero, of her- an estimated 3.6% (264-million) of rhoea or irritable bowel syndrome. oism. During a post-match inter- the global population living with COMICS VINTAGE ref:Visual Graphic: JOHN McCANN Emotional signs include: constant view, the England cricket team’s anxiety. worry about what could go wrong, World Cup efforts were described The South African Stress and to time and not every anxious epi- and coping mechanisms embraced perceiving situations and events as as heroic even though, on the day, Health study, which was carried sode should be seen as a disorder. by men. However, since they enable threatening when they are not, inde- only national pride was at stake. War out in 2004, found that the lifetime “It’s okay to worry about things men to avoid their anxieties instead cisiveness and fear of making the heroes, if they did their job properly, prevalence for any mental health and life’s many challenges. The dif- of facing them, these very mecha- wrong decision, difficulty concen- would have both a kill count and a disorder was 30.3%, and that anxiety ference is when that very worry is nisms could aggravate the disorder. trating, feelings of dread, avoidance, save count. In advertising, the pic- disorders were the most prevalent at difficult to control or shake long “Anxiety can trigger anger in men irritability and edginess, nightmares ture of the guy holding the ketchup 15.8%. past a certain experience or event with violence, bullying, abusiveness or intrusive thoughts in which trau- bottle upright, its label facing the On average, one in eight men will and it starts interfering with your and explosive quick temper bursts matic scenes are replayed in the camera, is known as the hero shot. have depression and one in five day-to-day activities or changes the as a result. Irritability and being mind, mood swings, being overly vig- Are these people heroes? I’m not so men will experience anxiety. And, way that you used to approach life. edgy, touchy, cranky or impatient, ilant towards danger, absentminded- sure. even though statistics point towards It severely affects relationships in becomes the norm reaction to every- ness and fear of losing control. That said, some days I wonder women being twice as likely to suffer that the coping mechanisms applied day small and large frustrations. In Persistent sadness, apathy, loss of whether what I’ve achieved is not from anxiety disorders, the reason more often affects those close to you addition, anxiety drives avoidance hope or suicidal thoughts could show heroic in the “far greater than what might be more social than scientific. through alcohol, abusive behaviour which, in turn, constricts lives. The that the anxiety has morphed into is expected” sense. For me, interact- Dr Ian Westmore, a member and depression. result is a sense of an empty life that a depression, a common condition ing with a shop clerk takes great of the South African Society of “Society expects a lot from men,” turns to depression with feelings of seen together with anxiety disorders. courage. Yes, there has been progress Psychiatrists, says the stigma associ- he says. “However, these traits that hopelessness and helplessness.” Westmore says it’s important for over the years, but the interaction ated with anxiety disorders consid- society has labelled men with could Westmore says a range of fac- men to share their symptoms with is never natural; there is no flow; it ers the condition as “unmanly” and lead men to feeling inadequate.” tors can contribute to or trigger the someone they trust. requires a superhuman effort, but I a sign of weakness. He says “this is If left untreated, anxiety presents development of an anxiety disorder. “Start with a family member or do it regardless, for if I didn’t I would the very reason men are less likely to itself in many forms. These could be a genetic predisposi- friend but always find your way to a forever wonder whether they had talk about their anxiety, and instead “Men who don’t speak out find tion, as well as physical factors such healthcare professional.” He adds: size 12 Converse sneakers in black or drown their anxiety with poor cop- inappropriate coping strategies that as an imbalance of hormones and “It’s important to note that you need not. Am I a hero? Possibly. ing behaviours, increasing their risk might dull the anxiety temporarily chemical messengers in the brain. to develop your own action plan that Superhuman effort might be tak- of the anxiety or depression to go but could develop into a dependency But it can also be environmental includes lifestyle changes, which is as ing it too far. Heroism, especially unrecognised and untreated”. that eventually spins out of control, factors such as excessive stress in a much part of the recovery process as in its super form, seems to imply Furthermore, men are far less aggravating the anxiety disorder. relationship, job or school or finan- seeking medical attention.” a total absence of fear. It’s hard to likely to seek support than women. “Abuse, gambling, drugs (includ- cial predicaments and traumatic life imagine Superman hiding a subtle He emphasises that it’s a given that ing alcohol) and reckless behaviour events. Linda Christensen is a communica- fear of heights, Aquaman overcom- everyone will feel anxious from time are some of the confidence-gaining Medical factors such as side effects tions consultant ing his debilitating fear of water, and Batman’s heart rate shooting up like mine when the shop clerks start to circle. For us mortals, fear — in the cor- rect dosage — is often what keeps us alive. A complete lack of fear — run- ning into a burning building, say — is therefore a death wish and the mark of the insane, or the silly. (It’s for good reason that customers lying on their stomachs in a bank while it is being robbed are reminded to not try to be heroes.) Yet heroes abound on sports fields, in folk tales and walking slowly with a helping hand from family members in war veteran parades. Wolraad Woltemade, I was told as a pre-schooler listening with great intent with my fellow pre-schoolers, was a man who rode a horse into a raging sea to save the lives of a crew who jumped ship. At about the same time Santa Claus was outed as a family member it surfaced, from among those same pre-schoolers, much older then, that Wolraad was possibly blackout drunk at the time — or had something called “Dutch courage” — and may have carried out the mission on a dare. Whether inebriation fuelled the rescue or not, old Wolraad, on Wikipedia and elsewhere, is regarded as a bona fide hero: he risked his life to save the lives of others. And perhaps that’s okay. Perhaps we the non-heroes need them — the psychopaths who put everything on the line — because most, if not all, of us have a gaping hole inside that needs filling. And sometimes 11 cricket players, or a drunk horseman, fit that hole perfectly. 28 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 * Education Transformative leadership is Universities across the and meaning into the organisation. Employees, students and other stake- globe are adapting to holders want to understand what a changing world. It’s institutions stand for. If the institu- tion’s behaviour is not coherent and crucial that leaders set beneficial to society, strident and a good example opposing voices are galvanised more effectively than in the past, thanks to social media. The message for all of COMMENT us leaders is simple: “It is not what Mamokgethi Phakeng you say, but what you do.” Leaders will always need to be he word “transformation” strong in the traditional sense. Now, can inspire us or terrify however, they must also be students, us. A butterfly transforms continuously acquiring experiences Tinside a cocoon and we that are outside their traditional love the result. But trans- career trajectory, and they must formation on a human level is a dif- remain open and attentive to insights ferent matter. All too often, all we from an increasingly broad set of can think of is how painful transfor- information sources. mation is; how hard it is to leave our Often the missing skills are the comfort zone. Yet if we are among “soft” skills. How can you handle the those who are advocating for trans- dramatic increase in demand for your formation — for women to be allowed time? How can you hear the signals in to vote, for instance; or for gay people the noise amid the often conflicting to have basic human rights or for a stakeholder voices now aimed your paperless environment — we might way? How do you manage your own be wondering why it is so difficult doubt and that of others? How do you for people to understand the need for #RhodesMustFall: Students cheer after the Cecil John Rhodes statue was removed from the University of Cape balance being “commander” with the transformation. Town on April 9 2015. Photo: Charlie Shoemaker/Getty Images expectation you will remain “human”? In this address, I want us to discuss The key is to become a student of the transformative leadership. What is mindset that describes people who inspirational yet calming, visionary This creates another paradox for role and turn your curiosity into a dis- transformative leadership and why care deeply about creation, curation, yet down-to-earth, confident in what university leaders: how to find a cipline — and a way of life. do we need it? connection and community. They they know and yet not afraid to “not balance between the greater good, I have been vice-chancellor of UCT The world is changing: there is no inhabit a world of videos, memes, know”. a sense of mission, and the ability for just more than a year. When I way around this fact when we con- mash-ups and social media net- Transformative leaders must be to ensure an exceptional student began my tenure in July 2018, I had sider global warming, global politics works. They are our students, alumni, figureheads but also human and able experience and deliver globally com- to think about where higher educa- and the social and the technological employees, donors and collabora- to navigate their institution through petitive graduates in a cost-effective, tion was going: in South Africa, and disruptions we are experiencing right tors. They eat, sleep and breathe the multiple, often paradoxical demands profitable way — and all of this in an internationally, and at UCT. I had now. In my view, there are three great internet. emanating from an increasing — and increasingly polarised society. This to think about the office of the vice- forces colliding. Now consider the skills and experi- increasingly active — array of stake- paradox creates friction between chancellor, and what leadership First, the fourth industrial ence today’s leaders need to under- holders. The key is moving from a meeting the expectations of all the means in the context of the crisis Revolution, which brings automa- stand the opportunities of the world single-minded “command and con- stakeholders, satisfying the needs we were in after the previous years tion, robotics, big data, artificial intel- of driverless cars, drones, and call trol” mentality to a more agile form of annual reporting, and the longer- of protest that threatened to shut ligence, fintech and digital together centres that answer millions of of leadership that balances command term, more purpose-driven values of down the academic project. And I in the most dramatic change to enquiries without the involvement of with purpose, nimbleness, adaptabil- the institution. had to think about the destination we humankind since the steam engine. a human being. ity, and collaboration — all of which Leaders must invariably use their wanted to reach, as an institution and Second, the millennial generation, Clearly, traditional leadership will be needed in the fourth indus- judgment to make critical decisions as a key stakeholder in developing which brings a completely different mindsets, styles and ways of working trial revolution. that others in their organisation solutions to global problems such as set of attitudes, values and behaviour. will simply not cope with the speed, cannot make. The paradox of the climate change and inequality. Higher education institutions all over volatility, complexity and ambiguity uccess in transforming con- demands for leaders to be authen- Leadership in times of crisis is very the world started experiencing this of this new operating environment. texts requires authentic tic and empathetic and to display different from leadership in times change sharply in the past four years. This is the reason why we need Sleadership, building trust, their personalities, while at the same of peace. There are many examples At the University of Cape Town transformational leadership. and genuine transparency — time playing the role of the bold fig- around the world, in business and (UCT), between 2015 and 2017 we had There are some question leaders all grounded in an abiding sense of urehead who people will follow and government and education, where a to contend with several student pro- need to ask ourselves as we embark purpose. Institutions need to answer admire, continues to be a tension. leader who is successful in one con- test movements: #RhodesMustFall, on a new course. Which skills and the question: What do we stand for? Increased pressure on institutions text flounders when that changes. which led to the removal of the statue what mindset do we need to inspire, It is not good enough for us as UCT to do the right thing in the world When I took leadership of UCT, I of the colonial leader Cecil John motivate and retain Generation C as to pride ourselves on being the best only compounds this challenge. A recognised that our challenge was Rhodes from its prime position on interested and committed students, university in Africa: we have to be transformative leader must have a going to be about how we build our campus; #AfrikaansMustFall valued employees or law-abiding citi- the best for Africa. Stakeholders heightened awareness of their social peace. This is something we need to in the intellectual and symbolic zens? How can we adapt our strate- expect institutions to have a greater responsibility and the effect they do even when there’s no conflict, so space; #FeesMustFall in the mate- gies to a world in which those we lead purpose and a clear understanding have on society’s well-being and the that when conflict comes there’s a rial and admission space; and give their loyalty to social responsi- of how to achieve good in the world environment. Leaders are expected possibility of resolving it because of #OutsourcingMustFall in the bility ahead of profit? How equipped in ways that extend beyond the aca- not only to be “real people” but also to the relationships we have been build- employment space. are those of us who sit in the coun- demic project. infuse a sense of direction, purpose, ing. Building peace when I came into This mindset is characterised as cil chambers of our universities to office meant fixing the relationships putting people and the planet before understand the challenges of this that had broken down since protests profit, with trust in leadership — alien new world? began in 2015, whether it was with whether in government, big business Using the mindset of the past to the students, with our workers, our or institutions of higher learning — solve the problems of the future — academics, or even building new being universally eroded. or even the present — will not suc- relationships that did not exist yet, Third, is the geopolitical change ceed. The consequences of a lack of particularly with impoverished com- that threatens to throw the world of understanding of some of these new munities in our city. global trade upside down, with the challenges are dramatically mani- I came into office very aware that a very concept of globalisation now fested in the election of United States transformative leader cannot just call being called into question by those President Donald Trump and Brexit, for change. Change was happening who elect our political leaders and as well as the failure of most society’s already, at great cost to the academic consume our services. leaders to anticipate that. project, because of the violence of Add to that the general collapse Like everything else, leadership many of the protest actions on cam- of public trust in leadership, which evolves and we are now at a moment pus. Artwork, facilities and vehicles suggests that the majority of peo- where leadership itself needs to were burnt. We lost many days of ple do not believe presidents, chief transform — not only who is lead- teaching because a few hundred pro- executives or vice-chancellors are ing but how we lead. The days of testers were shut down our campuses credible any more. Then introduce leaders having complete command by setting off fire alarms, throwing generation C — a powerful new force over their organisations are gone. It sewage into buildings and intimidat- in consumer culture. Generation C is is time for transformational leader- Friend and colleague: The late Professor Bongani Mayosi advised the ing or recruiting others. not an age group: it’s an attitude and ship. Transformational leaders are UCT vice-chancellor to apply for her position. Photo: Courtesy UCT I took up office with the realisa- * Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 29 about building relationships

was part of a graduation ceremony in December 2018, and we used the money we were going to spend on an inauguration to clear the debt of 100 graduands who otherwise would not have been able to graduate because of fee debt. With so much student need, it did not make sense to pay for a sep- arate, expensive celebration. Instead, we changed the celebration to allow more students to graduate. Transformative leadership sets the example of giving back. We have a strong tradition at UCT of develop- ing good citizenship, of advancing socially responsive research and providing opportunities for students to volunteer their service to the community. I announced at the start of my appointment that 10% of my salary as vice-chancellor would go towards financial assistance for women post- graduate students. This is not a new thing: I set up a foundation called Adopt a Learner many years ago and I sponsor the Mamokgethi Phakeng Award for outstanding performance in mathematics education postgradu- ate studies at the University of the Witwatersrand, where I earned my PhD. I make this known because I want to set an example.

ransformative leadership is not comfortable; it involves Tbreaking new ground and possibly failing. It comes with a cost. This is something I had Leading from the front: University of Cape Town vice-chancellor Professor Mamokgethi Phakeng says that on taking up her appointment a year ago to consider when I was asked to apply she realised the challenge was to learn how to build peace. Photo: Esa Alexander/Gallo Images/Sunday Times for the position. Becoming vice-chan- cellor was not my plan. A good friend tion that, to steer change in a positive needed for transformation, however, with students; attended the Dance fort we created a safe space and held and colleague approached me about direction, a transformative leader when used alone, they are insufficient Society and taken a turn around the a special programme of the College of applying. The argument he put to me needs to be the change. A transforma- and often move the organisation dance floor with them. I engage with Fellows, where two senior academ- was the need for transformative lead- tive leader must be prepared to let backwards. students on social media. They can ics in the faculty of science delivered ership at UCT. He knew what he was their life and their decisions be part Here is an example: at UCT we ask me questions and I will respond. their views on the origins and work- talking about because he was dean of of the message of change. offer the best student financial aid The key is, I go where the students ings of scientific knowledge. That the faculty of health sciences at the support in the country, and yet our are, online or in person. simple process allowed the airing of time, and he came under constant eading an institution in times university became the centre of the Since I have taken office there have different opinions, in an atmosphere attack because of the leadership posi- of transformation does not #FeesMustFall protest, calling for been times when we came close to where our academics could contrib- tion he held during the protests. Lautomatically make one a free tuition for everybody. So, while having a building occupied or classes ute to the decolonisation discussion. This colleague was Professor transformational leader. providing financial aid to students disrupted by angry students. But They knew they were seen and were Bongani Mayosi, and he paid the ulti- Institutions do not transform: it is from low socioeconomic back- that didn’t happen because my team an important part of the process. mate cost. He passed on just 27 days people in the institutions who actu- grounds is important, it is not suffi- and I have developed a practice of Of course, an academic space must after I took office. Professor Mayosi’s ally transform. When making trans- cient for transformation. sitting with the students and hear- always be a place of debate, where death brought home how much the formation efforts, we often overlook In fact, it created more of a prob- ing them out. We don’t always agree people can weigh different points 2015 to 2018 protests had destroyed the vital component of transforma- lem because although the support with them. I let them know that when of view while respecting those with relationships across campus. tion: the individuals involved in the gave access to more students from I make a decision they disagree with, whom they disagree. This is some- So it is with sober reflection that I process, starting with the leader. low socioeconomic backgrounds, the it’s because I have their best interests thing we are working very hard have had to consider not just what I It is people who craft policies of same students argued that the uni- at heart. But what they see is the vice- to restore to our academic space might gain as a university leader, but the university. It is people who have versity culture continued to margin- chancellor sitting with them, some- after the #RhodesMustFall and also what I am willing to give up. I conversations and interactions in alise them, treating them as if they times even on the floor, for hours, #FeesMustFall protests, because our have certainly sacrificed my privacy. faculties and departments. It is also were receiving a favour and so they listening. young people need to know how to Personally, I decided I don’t want to people who deliver lectures in a uni- must be grateful, assimilate and grad- It’s not just students who need live with differences of opinion and lose who I am. I want to be authentic, versity. If you want better results, you uate. That is what created the resent- to feel heard. The members of our how to find the middle ground. because that authenticity makes your have to get those results not from the ment and anger and, thus, violent elderly and sometimes conservative, Our history under apartheid did leadership more believable. That institution but from the people in protests. So although the financial mostly white and male, College of not allow debate on critical issues, means bringing in my culture, my the institution. It is people who cre- support is important, it is not suf- Fellows were particularly bothered so it is a skill we need to reintroduce. values. The office of vice-chancellor ate an institutional culture. Think ficient for transformation. It is how late in 2017 when one member of Too often, public opinion is swayed will certainly make its changes on of a soccer team. If a soccer team is people are treated and made to feel the executive invited a controversial by the number of “likes” a statement me, but I am committed to also mak- losing games, and you want them to that matters. speaker on campus to speak about receives on social media, rather ing my changes to the office. be a better team, what advice would There is still a strong tradition of decolonising science. This was before than by rigorous investigation and Historically, leaders have not spent you give them? You would not build a “schoolmaster” or even “police” style I became vice-chancellor, when I was argument. as much time challenging the way better stadium or buy different soccer leadership in South Africa. But we are deputy vice-chancellor for research As a transformative leader, when they do things — or themselves — as balls or new uniforms. You would try not teaching children or delinquents. and internationalisation at UCT. you are appointed to high office, you they now must. Transformative lead- to improve each soccer player’s skill They are young adults. They need to To deal with the anger and discom- need to re-examine the office you ership is about challenging oneself and desire to become a better player. know we see them, hear them and are taking up: its history, precedent to do what has not been done before And you would find a coach who can respect them. So I have made a prac- and tradition. Leadership cannot be and risking failure. But the reward embody and bring about the change tice of showing up at student func- transformative if you are constrained that comes with success is great. — and, most importantly, listen and tions and residences without advance It is not good enough by the weight of being and doing as learn. notice. They don’t have to prepare to for us as UCT to pride your predecessors have done. This is an edited version of the key- Yet, often, in institutions, it seems receive me. Instead, it is informal and One early question I asked myself note address by University of Cape as if we do everything but address perhaps as close as it can get to being ourselves as being was: What is colonial about the vice- Town vice-chancellor Professor the deep concerns and desires of our equal: I sit down, eat a meal with the best university in chancellor’s office at UCT? As a result, Mamokgethi Phakeng, delivered at students and employees. Of course, them, and listen to what they have to Africa: we have to be I decided not to have a traditional the Times Higher Education Leader- it is true that sometimes tools, tech- say. inauguration ceremony to mark my ship & Management Summit in Hong nologies, and methodologies are I have climbed Table Mountain the best for Africa appointment. Instead, my robing Kong earlier this month 30 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Education Reimagining initial teacher education

Preparing our children crowded curriculums do not allow for this. for the future begins Another criticism of teacher educa- with our educators. tion is that teacher educators often make curriculum decisions based Focusing on ‘lifeworthy’ on long-held beliefs and ideologi- training is a good step cal commitments instead of sound research. Because academics have invested much in their fi eld of exper- COMMENT tise, they fi nd it diffi cult to discard Sarah Gravett parts that may be outdated. A corol- lary to this is that newer knowledge s a teacher educator about child development and learn- I am often told that ing from the cognitive sciences and universities are not neurodevelopmental cognitive sci- Apreparing pre-service ences rarely features suffi ciently in teachers sufficiently teacher education programmes. for the demands of teaching in the The 21st century literacies that the South African context. Teacher edu- pre-service teachers need to acquire cation graduates are not classroom are digital literacy and information ready. I am also asked what teacher literacy. Pre-service teachers need education institutions are doing to to learn how to search for relevant prepare prospective teachers for the information and how to read, inter- fourth industrial revolution. pret and communicate digitally. So, teacher education institutions Importantly, they also need to learn are faced with seemingly compet- how to evaluate the quality and reli- ing demands: should we prepare ability of information and how to teachers for the schools that are, the manage information so as to enable schools that should be or the schools Graphic: JOHN McCANN them to also teach this in school. of the future? In an age where data is becoming In a previous Mail & Guardian So, how do we create teacher edu- makes a convincing case that school for their lives as teachers. On refl ec- ubiquitous, pre-service teachers need article titled “Industry 4.0 is being cation curriculums that will help curriculums should be redesigned, tion, they were yearning for lifewor- to be able to read, work with, analyse, taken seriously” (January 18 2019), I pre-service teachers to be suffi ciently using “what is likely to matter in the thy teacher education. argue and communicate with data, made the case for infusing so-called versatile to succeed as teachers, no lives learners are likely to live” as Teacher education curriculums draw valid conclusions and recog- 21st century competencies across the matter how the world and school a core measure. He coins the term would benefit from scrutiny using nise when data is being used in mis- school curriculum. I was not advocat- curriculums change? “lifeworthiness” to encapsulate this. “lifeworthiness” as a lens. Crucial leading or inappropriate ways. ing for a curriculum that is thin on I, of course, take it for granted that This also makes sense to me in questions to grapple with are: Which Teaching with Information and knowledge. Strong personal knowl- a fast-changing world necessitates relation to teacher education. I was key theories, perspectives, processes, Communication Technology (ICT), edge is fundamental to thinking. continuous in-service development reminded of an enlightening and methods and tools have promising cannot be considered to be “new”, But I argued for a curriculum that of teachers. My interest here is in sobering conversation I had with a payoff s in the lives pre-service teach- but initial teacher education pro- focuses on core concepts and essen- how initial teacher education could group of dynamic young people with ers are likely to live as teachers? grammes may not have a suffi cient tial content, a curriculum curated for and should provide a solid basis for a passion for education. How often will they serve to inform focus on the use of ICT for teaching relevance (for now and the future). navigating future education needs. Many had recently graduated as teacher and teaching decision-mak- in a digital era. I would argue that for I also highlighted the importance The book Future Wise: Educating teachers. They were unanimous in ing and action? With what impor- pre-service teachers to learn how to of literacy and numeracy as fun- Our Children for a Changing World their judgment that parts of what tance? Will they remain signifi cant teach with technology requires not damental skills. But concentrating by cognitive scientist David Perkins they had encountered in teacher over time? only teaching them how to do this, on these does not need to preclude caused me to think deeply about education programmes were imma- I can hear some of my colleagues but that they should experience this nurturing other competencies that this question. Perkins writes about terial for teaching. They spoke about arguing fervently that I seem to be type of teaching themselves. children would need to negotiate an reimagining the school curriculum courses and themes that reflected propagating a utilitarian curricu- Another aspect that will have to uncertain, fast-changing and increas- to prepare children for a fast-chang- lecturers’ personal interests or fi elds lum devoid of theory. Far from it. receive increasing attention is teach- ingly complex world. ing world and uncertain future. He of expertise that had little relevance Lifeworthy theories are powerful ing with artificial intelligence (AI) thinking tools. and how AI can be harnessed to I can also hear them saying that improve education and opportuni- particular concepts and theoretical ties for learners. Some of the pos- perspectives have intrinsic value. sible advantages of AI are that it This may be so. However, if the pre- could contribute to: democratising service teachers do not see the intrin- knowledge by providing access in sic value and they experience them a variety of ways; providing tailor- as irrelevant, how will they feature in made access to education for those their lives as teachers? with additional needs; personalising Perkins reminds us that our minds learning; individualising feedback; hold on only to knowledge that we freeing (human) teachers to work use in our lives. If knowledge is not with learners on other things; rep- used, we forget it. Thus, whatever the etition, drill and practice; support- intrinsic value of knowledge, to be ing collaboration; and assessing and International Postgraduate funding lifeworthy, we must experience the monitoring learner progress. knowledge as relevant to our lives. To return to the dilemma I noted Knowledge can’t be lifeworthy unless earlier: How do we deal with the 3DWULFN 0DUJDUHW)ODQDJDQ it is remembered. seemingly competing demand to But knowledge that is lifewor- prepare pre-service teachers for the 6FKRODUVKLS thy does not necessarily end up schools that are and for the future, being “lifeready” (another term that taking into consideration that pre- Rhodes University invites candidates Tenable: Perkins uses). Here the teaching dictions about future education are to apply for the Patrick & Margaret At any international university. practices used in teacher education bound to be partially fl awed? come into play. The types of practices I would argue that reimagining Flanagan Scholarship for international Value: that should be used for converting teacher education programmes full-time postgraduate study in 2020. Up to R550 000 per annum for lifeworthiness to lifereadiness are using lifeworthiness and lifereadi- two years. those that aim for meaningful learn- ness as yardsticks will increase the Eligibility:  ing and transfer. The core of transfer likelihood of preparing teachers ade- Women of South African descent 'HDGOLQH23 August 2019 is recognising when, how and why to quately for now and the future. apply previous learning to new prob- This cannot be done if teacher edu- with an H[FHOOHQW academic record  Application procedure: lems or situations. cators work in silos. Creating a life- and outstanding qualities are eligible Teaching for transfer requires deep worthy and lifeready programme for Application form and further details to apply. engagement with learning content, pre-service teachers calls for teacher are available at: questioning claims and evaluating educators to collaborate closely to Period: ZZZUXDF]DUHVHDUFKSRVWJUDGXDWHV evidence, practising self-monitoring, ensure as much programme coher- exploring multiple and varied rep- ence and cohesion as possible. This A maximum of two years full-time IXQGLQJRYHUVHDVVWXG\ resentations of concepts and tasks requires open minds, the willingness

postgraduate study. and how they interrelate, engaging to let go of entrenched thinking and with challenging tasks and problems setting aside academic egos. aided by supportive guidance, and engaging with examples and cases. Professor Sarah Gravett is the &RQWDFW[email protected] or 046 603 8755 Teaching to enable the likelihood executive dean of the faculty of of transfer is time-consuming and education at the University of www.ru.ac.za requires repeated practice. Content- Johannesburg Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 31 Limpopo Advertorial 2019 Budget Speech: MEC Thabo Mokone

Budget speech highlights

he Limpopo economic develop- ment, environment and tour- ism (Ledet) department’s prior- T ity is the plight of the people, the unemployed youth who are in the majority, aspiring entrepreneurs, supporting small businesses and co-oper- atives and businesses led by women in rural areas and townships.

In order to address various provincial challenges, the following programmes will continue to receive attention: • Special Economic Zones (SEZ) • Targeted procurement • Broadband • Tourism investment and marketing • Support to SMMEs and co-operatives • Youth entrepreneurship development The work on Special Economic Zones will put the province on an industrialisation growth path, says Thabo Mokone, Limpopo and support MEC of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism. Photos: Supplied • Mining development • Sustainable environmental manage- ment programs • Mobilization of private sector invest- ince, including Leda, are geared up to Through the revision of the Limpopo projected investment of these submis- ment, including foreign direct invest provide support to small business. This Tourism Growth Strategy and strong sions is around R160-billion and is pro- (FDI) year alone, there is a total budget of over partnerships, specific interventions to jected to create just over 20 000 jobs in • Strengthening the implementation R100-million housed in the National strengthen this position will receive the next 5 years. We commit to speed up capacity of the Limpopo Economic Empowerment Fund, Small Enterprise attention. Resources have been ear- the approval process to facilitate timeous Development Agency (Leda) Finance Agency and Leda. The IDC is marked for upgrading rural tourism pro- implementation of the projects. • GNT turnaround funding projects to the tune of R3-billion jects and provincial resorts including in mining, agriculture and tourism. A Makapan’s Valley World Heritage Site Business Regulations SEZs partnership is also being finalised with and Shangoni Gate to enhance entrance The department is continuing to urge The final implementation of the Musina- Absa to create a dedicated R500-million into the world-renowned Kruger National municipalities to take up the imple- Makhado SEZ is gaining momentum. The fund to support SMMEs and co-opera- Park. mentation of the Limpopo Business board of the SEZ has been appointed and tives in the province. The annual Marula Festival contributes Registration Act of 2015. To date, eight properly constituted. The department The new business support agency will in excess of R48-million into the local out of the 22 municipalities have taken will ensure that local people benefit enor- provide incubation, facilitate grant fund- economy. Fifty-four young tourism grad- up the implementation of the Act. mously from the job and business oppor- ing and provide aftercare services. A plan uates have been placed in various munic- Implementation by municipalities will tunities created by the SEZ. is in place to train 50 SMMEs and 50 co- ipalities throughout the province. ensure that there is effective governance The work on Special Economic Zones operatives in this financial year and grow of businesses in their localities, thereby will put the province on an industrialisa- stokvels and co-operatives. Sustainable Environmental eliminating illegal business operations tion growth path, which is one of the key Management Programs pillars of the Limpopo Development Plan. Youth Entrepreneurship The wildlife industry is a key contributor Strengthening the implementation Our aim is to stimulate a huge increase in Development and Support to the provincial economy and currently capacity of Leda black industrialists in the next five years In July 2018, the department launched a Limpopo ranks first in the hunting indus- Leda is the implementing agent of the within the province. youth program called Walala Wasala, tar- try compared to all other provinces. This provincial government. We have recently geting 9 400 youth to benefit from vari- calls for us to invest more resources to advertised for the appointment of the Targeted Procurement ous empowerment initiatives. To date, a optimise the hunting value chain includ- new board of Leda. The urgent mandate The Limpopo Procurement Strategy is in total of 7 874 youth have benefited from ing opportunities to invest in venison of the board will be to align delivery pri- place. The strategy has an annual target this programme, with training in tour- meat production. One hunting permit orities with the Limpopo Development of 60% for black-owned businesses, par- ism, agriculture, mechanics, the environ- can create three to four job opportuni- Plan imperatives. ticularly, women, youth, people with dis- ment, entrepreneurship, the green econ- ties, so the transformation of this sector abilities and military veterans. omy, transport and ICT. deserves special priority. GNT Turnaround The current goods and services budget Great North Transport is providing of the province is over R10-billion. In Mining Development Mobilisation of private sector essential transport services to communi- supporting these targets, support will The Premier has emphasised the impor- investment ties of the province. A serious challenge be provided to businesses that offer ser- tance of mining for the province and The department has received in total is the fleet that has aged, so we have to vices and manufacture locally. We will I quote: “Our province has 147 mining 952 applications for environmental recapitalize GNT. We have constituted a engage all departments in the province projects that are operational. A further authorization. These applications are task team to manage this situation and to develop clear and tangible targets on eight projects are in the pipeline in the mainly from the private sector to either develop a business case to turn the entity procurement, as directed by the premier. Capricorn and Sekhukhune Districts. expand or establish new businesses. The around. These projects are expected to attract Broadband investments worth R2.5-billion and cre- The fourth industrial revolution is upon ate around 3 000 jobs”. For this financial year, LEDET is allocated a total budget of R 1 722 710 000 (R1. 7 us. The department will forge ahead with The work of the Limpopo Mining billion) to implement all its priorities and targets the rolling out of broadband to munici- Forum is critical in ensuring that a sus- palities, businesses and rural areas in the tainable mining sector is developed. The Programme Name Allocation (R’000) province in partnership with state-owned forum is dealing with local manufactur- Administration R 404 938 000 (R404 million) entities. To date, the province has laid a ing of mining inputs; community devel- solid foundation in rolling out broadband opment and social and labour plans, and Economic Development R 769 887 000 (R769 million) infrastructure for the entire province: the skills for the economy; construction of a data centre with voice The sector has been negatively Environmental Affairs R 418 272 000 (R418 million) and data capabilities has been completed impacted by illegal mining, community Tourism R 129 613 000 (129 million) and the network operation control centre instability and other criminal activities, and call centre are also completed. Forty especially in the platinum and chrome dites have been connected to the network belt of Sekhukhune District. My col- and 22 sites have been connected in the leagues and I have met with leaders of Vhembe district. Free Wi-Fi hotspots are mining companies in Sekhukhune earlier available providing access for students, this month to find a working solution for communities and SMMEs. the instability and volatile situation in The broadband infrastructure project that area. will be complemented by the implemen- tation of the Science and Technology Tourism Investment & Marketing Park. With Limpopo strongly positioned as the leading province in South Africa in Support to SMMEs and receiving the most domestic trips (3.3 Co-operatives million in 2017) and second in receiv- Small businesses and co-operatives are ing international tourists (2.2 million in the heartbeat of the provincial economy. 2017), the potential exists to grow these All state-owned entities in the prov- numbers. 32 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019

• Entrepreneurship: Mobilise and catalyse capital to allow youth ventures and start-up companies to grow, achieve economies of scale, and move into underserved markets, provide scale up opportunities including physical and virtual mentorship initiatives for young entrepreneurs; entrepreneurial and business development education delivered within a network of in-person and virtual spaces and Incubation services delivered through established companies. • Engagement: Identify virtual and physical leaders to coach, nurture and continuously support emerging leaders across thematic areas on the continent. The 1 Million By 2021 initiative adopts a Pan- African outlook and facilitates long term strategic partnerships to open up new opportunities for young FOSTERING NEW people in Africa. It will promote African solutions and innovations, co-created with and driven by young APPROACHES TO people, while building frameworks, institutions and structures for effective engagement of ADDRESS THE stakeholders, sustainable financing, implementation

CHALLENGES Twelve pathways have been identified as drivers for the 4Es to facilitate the expansion CONFRONTING of opportunities in youth development THE AFRICAN 12 SOLUTION PATHWAYS YOUTH EDUCATION

Scholarships

Alternative Pathways

Models for Teacher Development

frica has about 420 million young people collaborative and pan-African lines. EMPLOYMENT aged 15 to 35 and this number is expected In April 2019, the African Union rolled out a new to increase to 830 million by 2050 and Internships and Apprenticeships A initiative the 1 Million By 2021 which aims to approximately 46% of Africa’s labour force will reach 1 million young people in Africa by creating be young people aged 15-34 by 2063. Presently Job Centres opportunities for youth to actively and meaningfully youth face significant challenges in accessing key drive the full realisation of Africa’s Agenda 2063. The development resources such as education, skills, Digital Skills initiative which was launched at the AU Headquarters employment and experience barriers to engagement in Ethiopia, during a four-day Pan African Forum ENTREPRENEURSHIP that would enable them to contribute to society. organised under the theme ‘Africa Unite for Youth: Approximatley 50% of secondary-age Africans are Bridging the gap and reaching African Youth;” brought Growth Capital out of school and access to quality education which together over 400 young people from across the builds relevant skills are limited. In addition there is continent to co-create solutions identified around Nurture start-ups a rising mismatch between education and the needs the key areas of Employment, Entrepreneurship, of industry and the labour market. Furthermore, Education and Engagement (4E’s) which will ENGAGEMENT an estimated 11 million youth enter the job market accelerate socioeconomic development on the annually; however, only 3 million formal jobs are continent. The 1 Million By 2021 Initiative will address Leadership Programmes created within that time frame. The lack of waged the roots of the problems facing youth and identifies jobs push the youth into the informal sector where gaps such as the mismatch of qualifications and Exchange Programmes jobs are typically less stable and have lower earning work force requirements, limited or restricted youth potential. As a result, thousands of young Africans participation in leadership and governance structures, Forums resort to desperate measures including forced insufficient number of teachers at secondary and migration in search of jobs, livelihood, and a better vocational level and limited access to investment Youth Engagement future. capital for young entrepreneurs, among a myriad Marginalisation and the failure to invest in young of other issues. and accountability. The initiative builds upon the people exposes Africa to economic underperformance The 4Es and 12 Solution Pathways progress Africa is making in improving capacities and brain drain, youth criminality, and political and • Education: Provide scholarship opportunities through education and skills development; creating, social unrest of youth in the society. The extent to to young people especially young women at as well as establishing conducive environments for which we are able to commit to youth development all levels (secondary, post-secondary, TVET), opportunities in employment and entrepreneurship through transformational initiatives will be key to provide alternative pathways and remote learning for young people and ensuring they are meaningfully harnessing Africa’s demographic dividend and resources and tools for skills development and engaged in the development agenda of the achieving Aspiration 6 of Africa’s Agenda 2063 establish a Teachers Without Borders program continent. Along with other strategies such as the which envisions “An Africa whose development to address quality of delivery and availability. Continental Education Strategy for Africa (CESA) and is people-driven, relying on the potential of African the Continental Strategy for Technical and Vocational people, especially its women and youth, and caring • Employment: Provide professional internships Education and Training (TVET) as well as the push for children”. and apprenticeship programs to ensure young to ensure African states ratify the African Youth people are able to contextualise learning to the To achieve this vision stakeholders need to identify and Charter the African Union aims to ensure Africa’s world of work, establish physical and virtual implement initiative that will embolden stakeholders youth are equipped to benefit from and drive the job preparedness and matching services to to consider new perspectives, test new ideas and achievement of Agenda 2063. connect young people to available opportunities, scale up promising practices across the continent develop a digital skills program to prepare young that will improve the lot of youth in Africa. This will people for new skills that enable them to be be done through leveraging public-private sector Find out more about 1 Million by 2021 and other AU globally competitive and access roles outside partnerships among key regional and continental programmes targeting the youth by visiting www. their traditional geographical areas. players in the development space, leading to the au.int/en/youth-development of Agenda 2063. incorporation of a sustainable ecosystem built along

African Union Headquarters P.O. Box 3243, Roosvelt Street W21K19, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Tel: +251 (0) 11 551 77 00 Fax: +251 (0) 11 551 78 44 * Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 33 34 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Eastern Cape: Office of the Premier

Eastern Cape Premier Lubabalo Mabuyane. Photo: Supplied 2019/20 Eastern Cape Office of the Premier Budget and Policy Speech Report

Anele Ngcoya The OTP budget speech recommitted to developing the education and healthcare sec- n July 4 2019 the Eastern Cape tors as a means of safeguarding and the future Office of the Premier (OTP) of the people of the province. The office also delivered the Budget and Policy committed to working closely with schools to OPlans for the 2019-2020 period. ensure positive education outcomes, as well The premier of the Eastern Cape as working with the department of health to Eastern Cape Premier Lubabalo Mabuyane buying honey from Ayabulela Qoboshiyane, a Lubabalo Oscar Mabuyane delivered the pol- find lasting solutions to incidents that lead young beekeeper who has been funded by the agencies of the provincial government as icy speech in Bisho. to medical legal claims in the Eastern Cape; part of youth development. Photo: Supplied Mabuyane said the national and provincial increasing the number of nurses and sup- mandate of the ANC was the source of guid- port staff at health institutions is also in the ance for the policy statements that the OTP pipeline. formance of heads of department. • The Youth-in-Infrastructure would be committing to. He stated that com- Mabuyane highlighted the urgent need to The premier also stated the office’s need Maintenance Development Programme: mitments made by the premier’s office were develop the provincial economy and create to re-structure, due to more than 85% of the this is in its second phase of implementation also motivated by the office’s haste to dem- employment opportunities, especially for staff having migrated to a new organisational and will benefit 400 young people from the onstrate its desire to better the lives of the the youth. The office stated its aims to lever- structure. The office aims to align its internal Eastern Cape; the highlight of the program people of the Eastern Cape province as well age the provincial stimulus package to drive structure to better serve the changing priories is that it provides trainees on the programme as live up to the electoral commitments it has economic growth and remove the policy bot- that exist structurally as well as put in place a stipend (while on the program) and guar- made. tlenecks in its procurement regime, to ensure mechanisms for dealing with staff challenges anteed jobs upon successful completion of The premier stated the OTP’s plans as the a vibrant SMME sector that can create jobs. such as moral conflicts and stress in order to training. centre of policy development, implementa- The speech highlighted the need to re-evalu- maintain staff productivity. • Maritime Youth Development tion, and co-ordination; to this end, the OTP ate procurement methods and value-creation Programme: this is a collaboration between will facilitate the establishment of four spe- tools to prevent unethical behaviour and Youth development the OTP and the South African Maritime cialised Project Management Units (PMUs) as corruption. The Eastern Cape OTP budget speech high- Safety Authority. Through the programme well as the Khawuleza Project Management In its conclusion of the fifth term, the lighted some of the challenges facing the the OTP targets unskilled and unemployed Office. The purpose of the PMUs is to leverage Eastern Cape OTP stated its commitment youth in the province, one of those challenges young people; 97 successful candidates were and redirect the existing skill pool that the to resolving inter-sphere policy conflicts by being that most of the unemployed youth placed on international cruise liners in the office has access to, to improve efficiencies fixing local government structures, since are semi-skilled, with no tertiary education. first phase; during the 2019/20 term the pro- in the workflow of government departments. the most urgent priorities have to be imple- Plans to solve this challenge include targeting gramme is targeting 300 youths. The mandate of the PMUs is improving pub- mented in the sphere of local government. the youth to attain elementary skills in prior- • Youth in Agriculture: this programme lic service delivery. The OTP aims to improve The conclusion of the fifth term also comes ity areas such as infrastructure. The strategy facilitates the creation of jobs for the youth ICT by housing chief information officers with the office sharpening its efforts in pri- used by the OTP aims to use its recognition and increased their participation numbers in under one roof to plan and benchmark inno- vate sector investments as well as co-ordina- of young people’s ability to change the future agricultural co-operatives to 50. vative electronic solutions such as e-submis- tion of infrastructure funding. Going into the development trajectory of the Eastern Cape; • Collaborating with KSD to engage Coca- sion and e-learning platforms; and to fast- sixth term, the office is expanding its moni- this will be done under the guidance of the Cola in rolling out Coke containers that will track automation, documentation, and record toring and evaluation function and improv- Provincial Youth Development Strategy. be run and operated by the youth. management in the public service industry. ing its information transfer; the unit will The foundations set during the fifth term Beyond providing for the youth, the budget also work with co-operative governance and of the administration can be used to build speech also addressed the OTP’s decision Fifth Term Feedback and Preparation traditional affairs and treasury to ensure co- youth development programmes and initia- to mainstream designated groups into pro- for the Sixth Term: ordination and integration. tives; R45-million has been allocated for this. grammes of government; the office has since In the speech, the OTP stated its aims to con- Mabuyane stated his intention, as the pre- Two of the youth development programmes dedicated a unit to co-ordinate and support tinue with the programmes set up by the gov- mier, is to go into service delivery agreements that the funds will be used for are in the agri- military veterans in the Eastern Cape. This ernment in the state of the province address with the executive authorities (and with their cultural and oceans economy sectors, as the will facilitate the inclusion of military vet- in the fifth term, and that this required care- accounting officers), and to drive responsible Eastern Cape has a competitive advantage in erans in the mainstream economy though ful management of the R973-million allocated and accountable leadership that is aligned these sectors; the project is targeted at nearly selected incubation initiatives. to the OTP to marshal the provincial adminis- with the pillars of the provincial impact 1 000 unemployed youth. The youth develop- Programme One: Corporate office and tration to service excellence. assessment scorecard used to review the per- ment programmes include: support Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 35 In Partnership with M&G

The OTP has dedicated R396.504-million towards corporate office and support. Programme One of the OTP is responsible for strategic leadership, management and support services to the premier, effective and efficient secretarial services to the executive council, financial and strategic management of priority projects and providing corporate services to the department. The department will provide statutory planning, reporting, annual reports, and per- formance monitoring reports as part of its responsibility and accountability matrix. Rolling out broadband across the province is an endeavour that will require the united action of all economic participants to achieve the targeted outcomes, such as the successful implementation of e-learning and e-solution platforms that will position the Eastern Cape as an innovative province.

Programme Two: Planning, policy co-ordination, monitoring and evaluation Programme Two of the OTP is responsible for planning, policy co-ordination, monitoring and evaluation; this it will do with a budget of R379.439-million. Inter-governmental, “stake- holder”, international relations manage- ment, and transformation programmes are designed by participants in this programme. The speech highlighted the aims of the Eastern Cape Premier Lubabalo Mabuyane hands over a brand new house to Aliwal North elderly resident Mayuyu Xekethwana (77), who OTP to manage stakeholder relations by sup- used to reside in a shack. The two-bedroomed house was donated by MM Development. Photo: Mandla Nduna porting the Moral Regeneration Movement Programme; the sixth term will focus on visit- ing the four provincial universities and eight highlight the provincial priorities based centres and municipal customer care centres. motes accountable governance by providing TVET colleges. The programme will focus on on the long-term vision of the Provincial An amount of R38.252-million is allocated institutional development and organisation reducing alcohol abuse, rape, and drug abuse Development Plan; once approved by the towards the OTP’s performance and monitor- support services. This will ensure that provin- on campuses as a demonstration of its com- council the plans will be institutionalized to ing evaluation activities. cial government has sufficient skills capacity mitment to the programme. inform Strategic and Integrated Development to effectively and efficiently meets its respon- The OTP committed to supporting former Plans for the next five years. R63.034-million Transformation sibilities and commitments; Programme mineworkers by developing and implement- is dedicated towards research co-ordination The office also dedicated R63.489-million Three also renders reliable legal services and ing outreach programmes to over 20 labour- and policy development support activities; toward transformation programmes that a comprehensive communication service on sending areas in the Eastern Cape. The pre- R43.752-million of this will be dedicated to the enable the pursuit of mainstreaming issues behalf of the government. mier restated the OTP’s commitment to a OTP’s public entity, the Eastern Cape Socio- related to designated groups. The definition Programme Three was allocated R18.705- responsive and accountable government; this Economic Consultative Council (ECSECC). of the designated groups has been extended million towards provincial communication will be accompanied by a focus on regular The ECSECC currently provides a secre- to include LGBTQI communities, and this will that is aimed at improving the positive per- imbizos and communities partaking in inter- tariat to the Eastern Cape AIDS Council as be accompanied by community dialogue on ception of the province from 60% to 65%. The governmental decision-making. The effective well as the Eastern Cape HRD Council, which diversity and inclusion/tolerance. launch to the Home of Legends campaign use of new communication technologies will are drivers of various programmes and inter- The budget speech also indicated that the will be employed to assist in this. Within be utilised to encourage community partici- ventions. Mabuyane stated the office’s aim OTP’s focus on gender and equality issues will Programme Three an additional R70.157- pation and improve public service delivery. is to submit to the speaker of legislature the produce a Provincial Gender Based Violence million was allocated by the OTP towards The speech also demonstrated an apprecia- legislation that re-enforces ECSECC’s role Strategy to be developed by various nongov- human resources management and devel- tion of the province’s international reach. The and mandate as a strategic advisory agency, ernmental organisations and institutions. opment; this was in line with an initiative OTP committed to managing its current and applied research centre of excellence, and The dialogue is intended to encourage men to started in the first quarter. The initiative has existing international agreements and grow- multi-stakeholder council; this was a commit- champion the fight against gender-based vio- begun the gathering of management strata ing the sphere of influence to include Lower ment to statements made during the state of lence, as they remain the prime perpetrators to affirm the office’s commitment toward Saxony of Germany, the Zhejiang province the province address (Sopa). Another commit- in this regard; the OTP will also host a provin- efficient and effective public service delivery. of China, as well as the Cordoba province of ment made during the Sopa was to strengthen cial Men’s Parliament in November as a build This involves a strengthening of the work of Argentina. These efforts will also be applied the monitoring and evaluation division. The up to the 16 days of activism commencing on the Provincial Coordination and Monitoring towards developing intra-African relations, OTP made further commitment toward an November 25. Team (PCMT), which interrogates the OTP’s and this includes pursuing opportunities in electronic monitoring and evaluation system The office also restated its aims to improv- adherence to cost-saving, ensures excellence southeast Tunisia and Namibia. using the Provincial Business Intelligence ing access and visibility of people living with and monitors the recruitment processes of the Portal; this is a project that is planned to take a disability in mainstream workplaces. The province. The PCMT’s involvement and asso- Organisation and the next 100 Days place in 2019/20. Disability Rights Awareness month of the ciation with the OTP as well as the centralised The 100 days following the budget speech The rollout of the electronic platforms OTP is scheduled to run from November 3 to appointment of the provincial treasury has of the OTP will involve the launch of the will be monitored quarterly to ensure they December 3 2019, which is the International ensured higher levels of compliance. Eastern Cape Provincial Development Plan enhance the accountability for commitments Day of Persons with Disabilities. This will The OTP emphasised its commitment to as well as a consolidation of the advisory the government made towards effective deliv- include engaging higher education institu- youth and community development through capacity of the Eastern Cape Socio-Economic ery of the Programme of Action as well as the tions ensure that education remains accessi- various partnerships with the Human Consultative Council in the Premier’s upcoming provincial medium term strategic ble to deaf persons by making sign language Resource Development Council, Sector Office. The consolidation involves provid- framework. The OTP aims to improve front- mainstream; this endeavour will be under- Education and Training Authorities (SETAs) ing a secretariat to the Premier’s Advisory line service delivery monitoring and support taken in partnership with Nelson Mandela and the Provincial Skills Development Forum. Team as well as the Eastern Cape Planning by effectively monitoring the quality of ser- University and Walter Sisulu University. One of these collaborative initiatives that the Commission. These 100 days into the 6th vice at public points of service delivery such Programme Three: Institution development OTP is involved in is the Construction SETA term will also include and be followed by as schools, clinics, police stations, social ser- and organisational development that is intended to engage 600 unemployed various forms of public engagement. vices offices, post offices, home affairs offices, Programme Three manages the adminis- youth. The Five-Year Implementation Plan will magistrates courts, drivers license testing tration of the public service system and pro- The R84.509-million allocated to provincial ICT will be channelled towards the continued Eastern Cape Premier oversight of SETA services to the province, Lubabalo Mabuyane and with a focus on critical areas of ICT govern- Finance MEC Mlungisi ance, infrastructure and systems develop- Mvoko with some young ment. Another R9.493-million was allocated entrepreneurs who received to Provincial State Law Advisory Services. funding from the provincial The premier concluded the speech by re- government as part of iterating the OTP’s responsibility to manage a youth development. Photo: smooth transition from the fifth to the sixth Supplied administration, with minimal disruption to government services and communities. He also emphasised the office’s commitment to utilising its resources to achieve the ser- vice delivery objectives set out in the Annual Performance Plans of the Office of The Premier and ECSECC. 36 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019

Mail& Guardianwww.mg.co.za To advertise on this prime position please contact Vanessa 011 250 7450 Ilzma 021 426 0802 Careers Elsie 011 250 7580 Lesedi 011 250 7430

Advertorial A career in Emergency Medical Care: How advances in simulated training are saving real lives

When real crisis situations occur, temporary hospital is set up for the stu- dents to run and use. students know how to deal with “The hands-on medical and rescue expe- them rience you gain is invaluable,” he adds. “You’re also taught how to work with oth- ers and how to use the resources available he brisk air betrays the onset of to you.” It was at Gariep that Westwood autumn. Recent rains add to the learnt how to build the high-angle system cold and in the early-morning he used in Wilderness to lower himself T darkness, visibility is virtually and his partner down to the injured hiker. zero. About 15m below the edge A few years later, he was using it in a real of the Kingfisher hiking trail, a 19-year emergency. German tourist lies with his pelvis splin- But that’s not where UJ’s simulation tered, his body temperature plummeting practices end. As technology improves in and his level of consciousness slipping. the wake of the fourth industrial revolu- The place where he has fallen is so narrow tion (4IR), so are the devices and train- and difficult to access that there is only ing methods available to EMC students. space for two people to be lowered into it: “Drones, GoPros and our high-tech a rescue technician and emergency care mobile command posts are all part of the practitioner Robert Westwood. day-to-day now, and help us to teach our At the time, Westwood is 27 years old students to be experts in what they do,” and has only recently graduated with says Connor Hartnady, EMC lecturer and his Bachelor of Health Sciences degree head of rescue. in Emergency Medical Care (EMC) from Although they have been around for the University of Johannesburg (UJ). some time, the technology involved in Throughout his degree, thorough and the mannequins used by the EMC depart- extensive training, including advanced ment is nothing short of state-of-the-art. simulation training, has prepared him for The mannequins breathe, bleed, cry and exactly this kind of situation. As he works vomit, vibrate if they are experiencing a to locate, treat and rescue the young seizure, and respond immediately to any man who lost his footing while hiking in real medication the students administer Wilderness in the Western Cape — a pro- intravenously. cess that takes from 9pm on the day of the Robert Westwood (27) has obtained his Bachelor of Health Sciences degree in Emergency “The extensive simulation training we accident until 6am the following morning Medical Care from the University of Johannesburg. Photo: Supplied receive limits the risk of human error in – Westwood puts his years of training into real-life situations,” says Westwood. “By practice. the time you’re on a mountain the mid- our students,” says EMC lecturer Andrew “The Gariep training excursion, which has dle of the night dealing with a seriously From simulation to success Makkink. “The high-fidelity scenarios we grown exponentially every since, involves injured and hypothermic patient, you’ve Simulation training — the process of rec- create help them to be better prepared.” a combination of aviation and small boat done the training, and you know what to reating all the conditions of a rescue or In 2016, UJ, together with the Durban rescue and is entirely simulated from do.” medical scenario so that students can University of Technology, the Free State start to finish,” says Westwood, who was gain first-hand experience — is an inte- College of Emergency Care and various part of the first cohort. The South African For more information on a career in gral part of UJ’s educational approach. international schools, organised a week- National Defence Force is on hand, as are Emergency Medical Care, “Simulation training instils confidence in end of simulation training at Gariep Dam. helicopter services, and a fully-equipped visit www.uj.ac.za Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 37 Academic Jobs

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The University is committed to employment equity. Preference may be given to appointable applicants from the under- represented designated groups in terms of the relevant employment equity plans and policies of the University. The University reserves the right to verify all information provided by candidates and to verify credit standing. Please note that correspondence will only be entered into with short-listed candidates. The University reserves the right not to make an appointment or to re-advertise.

Human Communications 147584 www.humanjobs.co.za 38 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019

Ibrahim

“The Ibrahim Leadership Fellowship is a unique opportunity to gain in-depth Leadership knowledge of emerging opportunities and challenges on the continent, while being part of an organisation at the centre Fellowships of shaping Africa’s transformation.” Emmanuella Matare, 2019 Fellow, Programme UNECA, Zimbabwe

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The application process opens on 12 August 2019 and closes on 14 October 2019. For more information about the Fellowship programme, eligibility and application process please visit:

mo.ibrahim.foundation/mg Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 39 Jobs

At VSO we pride ourselves on doing development differently. We
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9. 7KH FORVLQJ GDWH IRU VXEPLVVLRQ RI DSSOLFDWLRQV LV WKH WK RI $XJXVW  # K /DWH DSSOLFDWLRQV HPDLOV RU ID[HG DSSOLFDWLRQV ZLOO QRW EH FRQVLGHUHG )DLOXUH WR FRPSO\ ZLWK WKH DERYH UHTXLUHPHQWV ZLOO UHVXOWV LQ WKH GLVTXDOL¿FDWLRQ RI WKH DSSOLFDWLRQ Enquiries: Ms N F Mpe: 015 294 8401 or Ms R J Phihlela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o lead and manage relationships with all stakeholders in terms of the company values, rules and regulations, and compliance with all relevant HR, Skills ANNEXURE A Development, Occupational Health & Safety, and Labour related legislation, with particular focus on strategic input for enhanced performance, disciplined and healthy staff, and overall development of POST : CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER (REF: LDT 01 /19) employees. Re - advertisement: Those who have previously applied are also encourage to apply. SALARY: All-inclusive remuneration package of R 1 251 183 per annum. (Level 14) • Standard 10 / Grade12 • Bachelor’s degree in Human Resources Management or 4XDOL¿FDWLRQV HTXLYDOHQWUHOHYDQWGHJUHHDW14)OHYHO‡3RVWJUDGXDWHTXDOL¿FDWLRQDQDGGHGDGYDQWDJH 7KH LQFOXVLYH UHPXQHUDWLRQ SDFNDJH FRQVLVWV RI D EDVLF VDODU\ WKH 6WDWH¶V FRQWULEXWLRQ WR ([SHULHQFH‡\HDUV¶H[SHULHQFHLQDJHQHUDOLVW+5¿HOGRIZKLFK\HDUVVKRXOGKDYHEHHQDW+5 WKH *RYHUQPHQW (PSOR\HH 3HQVLRQ )XQG D PHGLFDO IXQG DQG ÀH[LEOH SRUWLRQ ZKLFK PD\ EH management level • Thorough understanding of best practice in recruitment and selection, training VWUXFWXUHGLQWHUPVRIDSSOLFDEOHUXOHV and skills development, rewards and recognition, performance management, communications, talent management, succession planning, work – integrated learning, employee health and safety, CENTER: HEAD OFFICE (POLOKWANE) and all relevant HR and labour related legislation. Preference will be given to employees from designated groups in line with the provisions of the MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: - ‡ $Q XQGHUJUDGXDWH TXDOL¿FDWLRQ 14) OHYHO  25 HTXLYDOHQW (PSOR\PHQW (TXLW\ $FW 1R RI  DQG DQ\ DPHQGPHQWV WKHUHWR X6KDND 0DULQH :RUOG¶V 4XDOL¿FDWLRQVDVUHFRJQL]HGE\6$4$‡$QXQGHUJUDGXDWHTXDOL¿FDWLRQLQ¿QDQFHDQGDFFRXQWLQJ internal recruitment policy as well as Employment Equity plans. ZLOOEHDQDGGHGDGYDQWDJH‡\HDUVRIH[SHULHQFHDWDVHQLRUPDQDJHULDOOHYHO‡9DOLGGULYHU¶V OLFHQVH DWWDFKFRS\ OPENING DATE FOR APPLICATIONS: 27 July 2019 &/26,1*'$7()25$33/,&$7,216$XJXVW CORE AND PROCESS COMPETENCIES SHOULD YOU HAVE ANY QUERIES REGARDING THE ABOVE POSITION, 6WUDWHJLF &DSDELOLW\ DQG /HDGHUVKLS 3HRSOH 0DQDJHPHQW DQG (PSRZHUPHQW 3URJUDPPH DQG 3URMHFW 0DQDJHPHQW )LQDQFLDO 0DQDJHPHQW &KDQJH 0DQDJHPHQW &RPSXWHU /LWHUDF\ PLEASE CONTACT NICHOLAS CHONCO ON: 031 -3288246 .QRZOHGJH 0DQDJHPHQW 6HUYLFH 'HOLYHU\ ,QQRYDWLRQ 3UREOHP 6ROYLQJ DQG $QDO\VLV &OLHQW All applications, accompanied by an up-to-date detailed CV, should be forwarded to the HR 2ULHQWDWLRQDQG&XVWRPHU)RFXV&RPPXQLFDWLRQ3XEOLF6HUYLFH.QRZOHGJH1HJRWLDWLRQ3ROLF\ 'HSDUWPHQWX6KDND0DULQH:RUOGE\HPDLOWR[email protected] IRUPXODWLRQDQG$QDO\WLFWKLQNLQJ 11249M&G )RUPRUHLQIRUPDWLRQYLVLWKWWSZZZXVKDNDPDULQHZRUOGFR]DFDUHHUV mg_11237 & Mail Guardianwww.mg.co.za

7KH86$,'IXQGHG7XEHUFXORVLV6RXWK$IULFD3URMHFW 7%6$3 LV¿YH\HDUFRQWUDFWZKLFKZLOOKHOS Jobs DATA SPECIALIST (12 MONTHS WKHJRYHUQPHQWRI6RXWK$IULFDIXUWKHUUHGXFH7%LQIHFWLRQVZLWKWKHXOWLPDWHJRDORIHQGLQJ7% FIXED TERM CONTRACT) RQFHDQGIRUDOO7RKHOSUHDFKWKLVJRDOWKH7%6$3SURMHFWLVDFWLYHO\UHFUXLWLQJIRU³0DQDJHURI 6WUDWHJLF&RPPXQLFDWLRQV´ZKRZLOOEHUHVSRQVLEOHIRUWKHRYHUDOOFRPPXQLFDWLRQVFRPSRQHQW CONTACT: The MRC/Wits Agincourt Research Unit is an exceptional health and population research of the Project. centre providing an extensive data resource resulting from years of longitudinal health and socio-demographic surveillance. It currently nests a number of observational and MANAGER OF STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS Lesedi intervention studies- all undertaken with an interdisciplinary network of leading international scientists in the Agincourt sub-district in rural north-east South Africa. +H6KHZLOOKHOSGHYHORSLQQRYDWLYHVWUDWHJLHVIRULQFUHDVLQJFRPPXQLW\DQGSDWLHQWNQRZOHGJH Main purpose of the job DZDUHQHVV DQG SUDFWLFHV DERXW 7% DQG DVVLVW ZLWK GHYHORSLQJ VWUDWHJLHV WR EHWWHU SDFNDJH Badimo To assist MRC/Wits Agincourt Research Unit in realizing its vision by practically partaking SURMHFWPDWHULDOV7KLVSRVLWLRQZLOORYHUVHHDWHDPRIVWDIIUHVSRQVLEOHIRUFDUU\LQJRXUVWUDWHJLF in the Unit’s core data section which provides data management and modelling of various FRPPXQLFDWLRQVDFWLYLWLHV7KHDSSOLFDQWPXVWKDYHDGHJUHHLQUHOHYDQWGLVFLSOLQHZLWKDWOHDVW QSPKFDUTBOESFQPSUEBUBmOEJOHTUPUIF3FTFBSDIFSTBOE4UVEFOUT \HDUVRIZRUNH[SHULHQFHLQUHODWHG¿HOG 011 250 7430 Location Agincourt- Bushbuckridge (Mpumalanga Province) Suitable and interested candidates should send CV/Résumé, Cover Letter “quoting the Required minimum education and training position name” on the email subject line and completed USAID Form 1420 Contractor Elsie Degree in Computer Science or Information Technology Employee Biographical Data Sheet Required minimum work experience OLQNKWWSVZZZXVDLGJRYVLWHVGHIDXOW¿OHV$,'GRF Mashanzhe Minimum 1 year experience in Data or IT environment to [email protected]. For more information about this posting, please visit our website Should you be interested in applying for this vacancy, clearly state which vacancy https://tbsouthafrica.org.za/vacancies. you are applying for and forward a cover letter outlining your interest and suitability Closing date: 09 August 2019. 011 250 7580 GPS UIF QPTJUJPO  B EFUBJMFE $7 JODMVEJOH UISFF DPOUBDUBCMF SFGFSFODFT  DFSUJmFE RVBMJmDBUJPOTBOEUSBOTDSJQUT DFSUJmFE*%DPQZBOEESJWFSTMJDFOTFUP4JCVTJTJXF URC is an E-Verify Employer. URC is proud to be an Equal Employment Opportunity Ntuli at [email protected] employer. We value and seek diversity in our workforce. The closing date for all applications is 15 August 2019 11146M&G Human Communications 147614 40 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 VACANCY Jobs, Tenders & Notices BULLETIN

EXCITING OPPORTUNITIES FOR PEOPLE WHO WANT TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL HEAD OF DEPARTMENT: HUMAN SETTLEMENTS Remuneration: R1 521 591 per annum (Level 15) (All-inclusive salary package to be structured in accordance with the rules for SMS) plus a 10% non-pensionable HOD allowance. Reference Number: HS 2019-49 MARKETING STRATEGY FOR MMILA FUND ADMINISTRATORS (PTY) LTD DEPARTMENT OF THE PREMIER RFP No. MFA/2019/003 DIRECTOR-GENERAL Remuneration: R1 978 533 per annum (Level 16) (All-inclusive salary package to be structured in accordance with the rules for SMS) plus a 10% non-pensionable HOD allowance. Reference Number: DOTP 2019-74 Mmila Fund Administrators (Pty) Ltd, a 100% owned subsidiary of Debswana Pension Fund, is seeking services for the development of a comprehensive PROVINCIAL TREASURY Marketing Strategy. Interested companies are expected to submit a creative HEAD OFFICIAL: PROVINCIAL TREASURY proposal, which will include but not limited WRWKHIROORZLQJVSHFLÀFGHOLYHUDEOHV Remuneration: R1 978 533 per annum (Level 16) (All-inclusive salary package to be structured in accordance with the rules for SMS) plus a 10% non-pensionable HOD 1. Pricing Strategy allowance. 2. Business Strength Reference Number: PT 2019-39 3. Product Development Strategy 4. Marketing Plan DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL DEVELOPEMENT 5. Sales Strategy HEAD OF DEPARTMENT: SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Remuneration: R1 521 591 per annum (Level 15) (All-inclusive salary package to be The bidding company must have been in business for at least three (3) years with structured in accordance with the rules for SMS) plus a 10% non-pensionable HOD relevant experience in the formulation of a Marketing Strategy. allowance. Reference Number: DSD 2019-75 The RFP document may be collected on or after 26th July, 2019 from Mpho Molefhi at Plot 50361, Block D, Carlton House, Fairgrounds, Gaborone between Closing date for above positions: 19 August 2019 Mondays and Fridays (working days) from 08:00 to 16:00 hours. DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND TOURISM Interested bidders will obtain the RFP document on payment of a non-refundable DIRECTOR: TOURISM fee of P500.00 payable in cash. Information relating to the RFP and bidding Remuneration: All-inclusive salary package of R1 057 326 per annum documents may be obtained during working hours as stated above from Mpho (Salary Level 13) Molefhi, Tel. No. (+267) 364 8378 or by email at [email protected] Reference Number: DEDAT 2019-24 Important Dates to Note: DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS DIRECTOR: LAND AND ASSET MANAGEMENT Questions on the RFP: by 9 August 2019 (applies to only those who purchased the RFP document) Remuneration: All-inclusive salary package of R1 057 326 per annum (Salary Level 13) RFP closing date and time: 30 August 2019 at 10:00hrs. Reference Number: HS 2019-51 These posts are stationed in Cape Town CBD.

To view the advertisement content and how to apply, please visit https://westerncapegov.erecruit.co Mmila Fund Administrators Contact Details The WCG is guided by the principles of Employment Equity. Disabled candidates 3ORW)DLUJURXQGV2IêFH3DUN are encouraged to apply and an indication in this regard would be appreciated. 3ULYDWH%DJ 5LYHUZDON*DERURQH Closing date: 12 August 2019, unless stated otherwise. www.ayandambanga.co.za 137291 www.thecandocompany.co.za

CENTRAL BANK OF LESOTHO INVITATION TO BID Re-tender Procurement of Equipment for the Design, Set-up, Installation and related Training of a Processing Plant in Rwanda for The Central Bank of Lesotho (the Bank) invites proposals from duly Washing and Pre-concentration of Tin (Sn) and Tantalum (Ta) UHJLVWHUHG DQG VXLWDEO\ TXDOL¿HG VHUYLFH SURYLGHUV IRU SURYLVLRQ DQG Ores, and Wastes Amenable to Reprocessing. FRPPLVVLRQLQJRIDQ$XGLW&RPPHUFLDO7RRO The Sustainable Development of Mining in Rwanda (SDMR) )RUIXOOGHWDLOVRIWKHWHQGHUUHTXLUHPHQWVLQWHUHVWHGSHUVRQ V VKRXOGFRQWDFWWKHXQGHUVLJQHGDW is a three-year technical assistance programme funded by 7HORU(PDLOPOHFKHOD#FHQWUDOEDQNRUJOVDQGDVNIRUDFRS\RIGHWDLOHG5)3 7KHVRIWFRS\PD\DOVREHGRZQORDGHGIURPWKHZHEVLWHDWZZZFHQWUDOEDQNRUJOVRUWKURXJK the UK Government through the Department for International DQHPDLOXSRQUHTXHVW Development (DFID). The overall objective of the programme is to economically and sustainably grow Rwanda’s mining sector by fostering an increase of private sector 7KHFORVLQJGDWHIRUVXEPLVVLRQRISURSRVDOVLVFriday, 16th August 2019 at 14h30. investment and improving the livelihoods of small-scale miners and their communities. Cardno Emerging Markets (UK) Ltd has been contracted by DFID to manage SDMR. 0/HFKHOD 0UV Secretary, Tender Committee 11251M&G The SDMR programme is seeking proposals from companies for the purchase of equipment as well as design, set-up, installation and related training of a processing plant in Rwanda, for washing and pre-concentration of Tin (Sn) and Tantalum (Ta) Ores, DQGZDVWHVDPHQDEOHWRUHSURFHVVLQJ7KHSODQWLVWREHDPRUHHI¿FLHQWVWDQGDUGSODQW using known and proven gravity concentration techniques and is generally expected to increase recoveries from the current estimated average of 50%-60% to 70%-80% UHFRYHU\E\LQWURGXFWLRQRIPRUHHI¿FLHQWSURFHVVLQJWHFKQLTXHV

Embassy of Ireland – Maputo 7KHWHFKQLFDOVSHFL¿FDWLRQVRIWKHSODQWDQGUHODWHGHTXLSPHQWEHLQJSURFXUHGDUHDOO Evaluation of Support to the Establishment of the DYDLODEOH$OOWKHSUHOLPLQDU\ZRUNWRGHVLJQDFRQFHSWXDOSURFHVVÀRZVKHHWKDVDOVR Order of Accountants and Auditors of Mozambique (OCAM) been done.

Embassy of Ireland in Maputo is in the process of procuring consultancy services for a Interested companies can obtain the Request for Proposal (RfP) document, including review of its support to (OCAM). The overall purpose of the review is to assess the WKH IXOO VFRSH RI VXSSO\ DQG VHUYLFHV SODQW GHVLJQ DQG WHFKQLFDO VSHFL¿FDWLRQV RI achievement of results, identify, document and analyze good practices and lessons the equipment, by sending an e-mail to [email protected] with copy to learned. [email protected]. The Terms of Reference for this procurement are available at the Embassy of Ireland, Julius Nyerere Avenue 3630 in Maputo Mozambique. You can also request them by All submissions of proposals must be received by no later than 16 August 2019, 17:00 sending an email to the following e-mail addresses: [email protected] UK time. cc [email protected] Cardno Emerging Markets is an Equal Opportunity Employer and is committed The deadline for submission of proposals is 1:00 PM on the 16th of August 2019 at to Child Protection. For further information about SDMR please visit the premises of the Irish Embassy, Julius Nyerere Avenue 3630 or sent electronically www.sdmr.co.rw. to the email addresses above on the same date and time. 11252M&G Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 41 Jobs, Tenders, Notices & Classifieds

SENIOR TECHNICAL ADVISOR: Request for Proposals INTEGRATED PLANNING, BUDGETING AND FINANCING Non-Profit Organisation (NPOs) to implement Social and Behaviour Salary Band 4T Change Programme Reports to Component Manager/Team Leader (Output Area A/B) The South African National Aids Council Trust (SANAC Trust), on behalf of Until 30 September 2021 the National Department of Social Development, is hereby calling Non-Profit Organisations (NPOs) established and working in the Free State, to implement A. CONTEXT OF ASSIGNMENT the DSD Social and Behaviour Change Programme to reduce vulnerabilities to The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) seeks to employ a suitably HIV & AIDS among 15 to 24 year-old youth focusing in the following respective TXDOL¿HGLQGLYLGXDOIRUWKHSRVLWLRQRISenior Technical Advisor: Integrated Planning, Budgeting and Financing within the Governance Support Programme (GSP II). Districts (including farm areas and informal settlements): Xhariep, Mangaung and Fezile Dabi. 7KHSURJUDPPHSURYLGHVWHFKQLFDOSROLF\DQGSURFHVVDGYLFHWRVXSSRUWWKH6RXWK$IULFDQJRYHUQPHQW Eligibility Criteria: The NPO must be registered in terms of the Non-profit LQ UHPHG\LQJ V\VWHPLF VKRUWFRPLQJV7KH REMHFWLYH RI *63 ,, LV WKDW SXEOLF LQVWLWXWLRQV DQG VHOHFWHG PXQLFLSDOLWLHVLQ0SXPDODQJDDQGWKH(DVWHUQ&DSHSURYLQFHVLPSOHPHQWWKH%DFN%DVLFVSULQFLSOHVIRU Organisations Act, No 71 of 1997, as amended, and produce the NPO registration PRUHWUDQVSDUHQWDFFRXQWDEOHHIIHFWLYHDQGHI¿FLHQWGHOLYHU\RISXEOLFVHUYLFHVRQORFDOOHYHO Certificate, which will be verified for validity with the NPO directorate within the National Department of Social Development. The NPO must originate and be B. RESPONSIBILITIES AND TASKS operational in the province. The NPO must have extensive experience in the The Senior Technical Advisor is expected to: HIV & AIDS field as well as social and behaviour change programmes. The NPO ‡ 3URYLGH DGYLVRU\ VHUYLFHV RQ SODQQLQJ EXGJHWLQJ IRU DQG ¿QDQFLQJ RI VHUYLFH GHOLYHU\ WR WKH 3URJUDPPH¶VSDUWQHUPXQLFLSDOLWLHV must have an understanding of and experience in community development, ‡ 3URYLGH DGYLFH DQG WHFKQLFDO FRRSHUDWLRQ VXSSRUW LQ WKH GHVLJQ IDFLOLWDWLRQ DQG LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ building networks, social facilitation and community mobilisation. The NPO RI WDUJHWHG WDLORUPDGH FDSDFLW\ GHYHORSPHQW PHDVXUHV WR LPSURYH WKH FDSDFLW\ RI SDUWQHU must ensure proper management and monitoring of work delivered in the LQVWLWXWLRQV DQG VWDNHKROGHUV WR H[HUFLVH VRXQG SODQQLQJ EXGJHWLQJ DQG ¿QDQFLQJ RI VHUYLFH programme. The NPO must have the ability to gather data, analyse information GHOLYHU\ DW ORFDO OHYHO LQFOXGLQJ PHDQLQJIXO FRPPXQLW\ SDUWLFLSDWLRQ LQ WKHVH SURFHVVHV 

and compile reports. All applications for funding must be done using the SANAC 7KHORFDWLRQRIGXW\LV3UHWRULD)UHTXHQWWUDYHOVDUHUHTXLUHGDQGWKHLQFXPEHQWPXVWEHDEOHWR Trust concept note available on the SANAC Trust website (www.SANAC.org.za). XQGHUWDNHVXFKWUDYHOV All sections of the applications must be fully and comprehensively completed. C. REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS, COMPETENCES AND EXPERIENCE SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR THE TENDER: 4XDOL¿FDWLRQ Allocation of tender/Contract award point system: 80/20 Preference point system. ‡ 3RVW JUDGXDWH HGXFDWLRQ LQ (FRQRPLFV %XVLQHVV (FRQRPLFV 6RFLDO RU 3ROLWLFDO 6FLHQFHV 3XEOLF $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ3XEOLF3ROLF\'HYHORSPHQW6WXGLHV/DZ3ODQQLQJRUVLPLODU Bids that include technical proposal and separate financial proposals in two envelopes can be submitted in hard copies with CD/USB to SANAC, 2nd 2. Professional Experience Floor, Block E, Hatfield Gardens, 333 Grosvenor Street, Hatfield, Pretoria, ‡  \HDUV¶ RU PRUH H[SHULHQFH LQ GHYHORSPHQW SODQQLQJ EXGJHWLQJ DQG ¿QDQFLQJ LQ D *RYHUQPHQW PXQLFLSDOSODQQLQJDQGEXGJHWLQJDGYDQWDJHRXV  0001 Attention: Ms Beullah Mthombeni or Email bids to [email protected] ‡$PLQLPXPRI\HDUV¶\HDUV¶RUPRUHZRUNH[SHULHQFHDVDJRYHUQDQFHDGYLVRULQFDSDFLW\GHYHORSPHQW telephone inquiries: +27 (12) 748 1009. WRSXEOLFRUJDQLVDWLRQVDQGFLYLOVRFLHW\RUJDQLVDWLRQV Non-compulsory briefing session date: Address: Department of ‡([WHQVLYHH[SHULHQFHLQSURMHFWPDQDJHPHQW Social Development, 14 Civilia Building, 6th Floor, Meriam Makeba D. Applications Street, Bloemfontein. Date: 6 August 2019. Time: 11h00 to 13h00. 7KH)XOO-RE6SHFL¿FDWLRQFDQEHIRXQGKHUHhttps://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/69873.html All proposals must be deposited in the tender boxes below on or before 11:00 6XLWDEOHFDQGLGDWHVVKRXOGDSSO\E\VXEPLWWLQJWKHLUdetailed CVDQGDmotivation letterWR on 26 August 2019. [email protected] DWWHQWLRQ +HDG RI 8QLW 0V 'RURWKH\ 7DDLERVFK ZLWK WKH VXEMHFW OLQH SANAC reserves the right at any time to withdraw or alter this advertised opportunity. “Application for GSP Senior Technical Advisor: Output A/B ”. A soft copy of the Call for Proposals, Terms of Reference and all relevant Closing date for applications: 2 AUGUST 2019 documentation is available on the SANAC Trust website www.SANAC.org.za. Enquiries: [email protected] Only shortlisted candidates will be informed. Applications without a motivation letter will not be considered! 11246M&G

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WE ARE HIRING www.mg.co.za The Other Foundation is an LGBTI community foundation for southern Africa that advances the equality, freedom, and social inclusion of homosexual and bisexual women and men, and Tenders & Notices transgender and intersex people in 13 southern African countries – recognizing the particular dynamics of race, poverty and inequality, sex, national origin, heritage, and politics in the southern Africa region. It does CONTACT: this by working as a fundraiser, a grant maker, and a movement builder. The Foundation is looking for a diverse selection of talented, self-motivated, experienced, innovative, highly LESEDI BADIMO 011 250 7430 skilled and well-networked southern African people with a can-do attitude, a commitment to excellence and a proven track record, to appoint to the following senior positions: ELSIE MASHANZHE: 011 250 7580 Head of Programmes

Notice Court wherein she prays upon granting of divorce, THIS 27TH DAY OF Working with a small team and the chief executive officer, the successful candidate will be responsible for an order for a decree custody of the minor child MAY 2019. to design, plan, and manage the implementation of an innovative programme of research, strategic IN THE HIGH COURT OF be awarded to the Plaintiff of divorce on the grounds THE ASSISTANT leadership development, thematic convenings, social dialogue, grant making, mass media engagement, and ZIMBABWE of the irretrievable break with the Defendant having REGISTRAR CASE NO: HC/19 access to the minor philanthropy development. down of the marriage HIGH COURT OF HELD AT BULAWAYO and an order that each child on alternate school ZIMBABABWE XREF: HC 289/19 party bears its own costs holidays in consultation BULAWAYO. In the matter between: of suit. One minor child with the Plaintiff . If you Head of Operations LUCIA KHUMALO (Nee was born of the marriage wish to oppose this action The Plaintiff ’s address SETH KHUMALO you are required to fi le JAMES) namely of service is: Working in a small team and the chief executive officer, the successful candidate will be responsible to APPLICANT (male) born on the 29th your notice of Appearance Mhlahlandlela Complex initiate, develop and manage the implementation of administrative and operational systems that advance And of December 2013. It to Defend with the the efficient and effective delivery of the Foundation’s mission and strategies, coordinate the planning of ISRAEL KHUMALO will be in the best interest Assistant Registrar of the 2nd Entrance, Block C, RESPONDENT of the minor child if High Court of Zimbabwe, 5th Floor operational activities, and oversee financial. DIVORCE ACTION- Defendant contributes Bulawayo and serve BULAWAYO (S.Zhou) SHORTENED VERSION US$600 per month the Plaintiff ’s LEGAL This is the address of the Interested candidates should email a letter of motivation and a curriculum vitae with the names and contact practitioners whose OF SUMMONS towards the maintenance LEGAL AID DIRECTORATE details of three referees to [email protected] clearly indicating the position for which you of the minor child until address of service is as TO: ISRAEL KHUMALO in this suit. the child attains the age provided, within twenty are applying in the email subject line. The closing date for applications is Friday 23 August 2019. last heard of at of 18years or becomes one (21) days of this LEGAL AID House number 3711 The Foundation and these posts are based in Johannesburg. All posts are fixed-term contract based. The self-supportive whichever advertisement. Should DIRECTORATE Nkulumane, Bulawayo. you fail to comply with ability to communicate in English is a requirement. The ability to communicate in French and/or Portuguese occurs fi rst. It will also Plaintiff ’s Legal TAKE NOTICE that your be in the best interest the above, this claim will as well, will give candidates an advantage. Find out more at www.theotherfoundation.org. Practitioners wife LUCIA KHUMALO of the minor child of be heard and dealt with Mhlahlandlela Complex (Nee JAMES) (herein the marriage that upon by the High Court as The Foundation reserves the right not to make any appointments to fill these advertised vacancies. called the “Plaintiff ”) has granting of divorce, unopposed and without 2nd Entrance, Block C, instituted action against custody of the minor any further notice to you. 5th Floor TT 1087/2013 168094NPO PBO930056168 11245M&G you in this Honourable child of the marriage that DATED AT BULAWAYO BULAWAYO (S. Zhou) 42 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Music A bridge between cultures

The Tracey family has, Geoffrey started playing African instruments at the age of 16. He for three generations, now plays Latin conga drums, the ensured the sounds of drum kit, trombone, violin and the uhadi single string bow. He has also Africa are not forgotten devoted time to the Ugandan harp (ennanga), xylophone and penta- tonic sets of horns. His favourite Derek Davey instrument is the mbira dza vadzimu bout five years ago or mbira huru, on which he learned I attended a work- “five big tunes” growing up. shop on southern “I enjoy developing slowly by not AAfrican music by learning more repertoire, but by Geoffrey Tracey (47) learning the repertoire that I already on his family’s smallholding in Kru- know more deeply — new ways gersdorp. Geoff was obviously very to play, feel the rhythm, sing and knowledgeable on the topic. He lik- accent.” ened the structure of the tunes he Geoffrey believes his work of ubun- taught us to circles — each time a cir- goma deepens the spiritual relation- cle comes around, it’s slightly differ- ship his family has with Africa. ent. Those who are unfamiliar with “One doesn’t choose to become African music often find it repetitive, a sangoma,” he says, “it’s a calling. he explained, because they cannot Frequently it will show up as sick- discern the subtle variations that ness. I got sick and was diagnosed make it so interesting for those who with fibromyalgia (musculoskeletal play, know and enjoy it. pain accompanied by fatigue, sleep “The workshop used the examples and memory and mood problems).” of Ugandan amadinda xylophone, His fibromyalgia hasn’t yet fully Zimbabwean mbira dza vadzimu, healed since he became a sangoma, Mozambican nyanga panpipes and but his relationship with his ailment other examples that come from the Family affair: Hugh Tracey has shifted — and he is still able to research and work of my father and (above) recording a Chopi play music. grandfather, in order to demonstrate ensemble in Mbanguzi “I now see the pain as a kind of generalised fundamental African village, Chopiland, ancestors’ tool to carve me into the music principles that allow people Mozambique, in 1948. His person I need to be, to be able to unfamiliar with these principles to grandson, Geoffrey (left, on hold what I have been given. Pain is have an access point for their own drums), and son, Andrew my guide, in a sense; I am respectful understanding and subsequent par- (left, with sticks and bottom of it, for helping me listen to what I ticipation,” explains Geoff. left), are both passionate carry, which needs to be brought for- After the workshop he took some about indigenous African ward for healing,” says Geoffrey. of us around Saronde, as the family music. Photos: ILAM Archive His initiation involved waking at farm was called, and told us it was and Jonathon Rees 4am, cold water washing in the dark, soon to be sold. Three generations taking medicines, steaming, ritual- of Traceys had lived there, and when Geoffrey. “Music filled the home and ised dancing and singing and formal- it was finally sold in 2017 it felt to musicians came around frequently. ised greetings. Many menial chores Geoff, who had grown up there, as if My father’s steel band was a big part filled the day: harvesting plants and he had “lost a part of his own body”. of that. It was a platform to arrange preparing imithi, serving clients, On the tour of the farm he showed and secure gigs with, all around the cleaning the home and praying. us the rusty trailer that had belonged country. For 40 years it was a very It took place in KwaZulu-Natal, to his grandfather Hugh, which had popular thing for the public and for where his grandfather had once been towed behind a truck on his those who passed through the band. lived and worked, so to train there numerous field trips to record the It was like a mini school of interna- “felt comfortable”. One of his names music that he loved. This was music tional folk music. A number of the is Gogo Hugh, which helps to con- of African cultural origin, being made old members are music researchers nect him to the spirit energy of his by African-born citizens. Hugh man- now. grandfather. aged to collect a substantial cross- “Every Sunday there was a “Hugh is a great source of blessing section of secular/popular, religious/ rehearsal, and this brought together and a stabilising, supportive energy sacred and ethnic/modern music that up to a dozen musicians for most of in my life. He was a character, char- was being made in southern, central the afternoon, with a great, featured ismatic and filled with vigour and and eastern Africa from 1929 through tea spread out indoors or on the lawn animation, and a natural storyteller. to the mid-1960s. of the Krugersdorp farm.” I only knew him until I was five years The trailer housed the generator Geoffrey says he was blessed old when he passed from multiple used to power the huge, primitive from a young age to be introduced strokes,” says Geoffrey. sound equipment Hugh used for his “as if I were family” to some elite “But he, and the sound of his voice, field recordings. It was parked far African musicians. Among these had already taken root in my being. from the recording sites so the noise was Venancio Mbande of the Chopi His voice represented love, humour, the generator made did not interfere xylophone culture of Mozambique, fascination, and gentle authority. with the recording process. Ephat Mujuru, an mbira player and Grandpa Hugh is and was always in I was familiar with the Traceys, storyteller from Zimbabwe, and my heart.” as, at the time of the workshop, I Adama Dramé, a master djembe Geoff says that a sangoma is a pub- lived with a musician who would player from Burkina Faso. lic servant, in service to spirit. His play me samples from the music is now part of Rhodes University, government in their quest to pre- He was taken to mine dances grandfather’s purpose was also to Hugh collected, dubbed The Sound which co-ordinates its ethnomusicol- serve the music of their continent. in Rustenburg, to most south- serve, and preserve what he saw as of Africa and The Music of Africa. ogy programme. But they managed to raise money ern African countries, and on a the rich, transient and misunderstood And I had studied in Grahamstown There are striking parallels from sources such as Eric Gallo and European tour with 30 Chopi orches- oral culture of Africa — the colonials in the 1980s, where I saw Hugh’s son between the Tracey family’s work the Ford Foundation, and the legacy tra players and dancers. of his era had no interest in it. Andrew perform with the Andrew and that of the Lomax family in the of the Tracey family is that it has Geoffrey’s father Andrew was a “His codification and textbook pro- Tracey Steel Band at several events. United States. John Lomax was an helped to create a present and future patient and inspiring teacher who ject was essentially to create teaching Swedish composer Ludwig ethnomusicologist who did numer- for an oral tradition that may oth- played music with him “from before materials for schools and universi- Göransson recently used a selec- ous field recordings of chain gangs, erwise have been lost or diluted by I can remember”. ties from African examples. Various tion of Hugh’s recordings to inspire blues, cowboy and folk music. John the influence of Western music and “When I was young dad used to authors have now started to create his score for the film Black Panther, and his son Alan began recording technology. play mbira in a simple way so I could teaching materials from the archi- which won an Oscar for Best Original in 1934, and, crossing the continent, What was it like to grow up in hear the beat, and then play it in a val material and make it accessible. Score. He sourced these tunes from amassed more than 10 000 record- such a family? “It was amazing,” says more complex way so it was harder He did lecture tours internationally, the International Library of African ings of vocal and instrumental music to hear where the beat was. He was and donated full catalogues of his Music, the world’s largest repository of on aluminium and acetate discs training me to listen for the underly- collection to all the major American indigenous African music, which was for the Library of Congress. They ing dance beat, through which all the universities. established by Hugh nearly 70 years helped to bring musicians such as “I now see the pain as a other parts are connected. He was “He also developed the kalimba, a ago, and run by Andrew until 2005. Lead Belly, Woody Guthrie and Pete kind of ancestors’ tool training me to have presence and diatonic Western-tuned instrument, The library and Hugh’s other brain- Seeger into the public eye. Alan’s confidence when playing your part, with a layout similar in principle to child, African Musical Instruments son, and his son — both named John to carve me into the because in African music sometimes “traditional” African instruments, — which manufactures instruments — are still prominent in the music person I need to be, to it’s the way you play off the beat which encourages rhythmic pat- such as mbiras and marimbas — industry. be able to hold what I that’s important, and you can’t play tern playing. So I see the kalimba as moved from Krugersdorp down to Unlike the Lomaxes, the Traceys off it if the feeling of where it is, is a cultural bridge. I, too, am a bridge Grahamstown in 1978. The library never obtained funding from their have been given” not strong and confident.” between cultures.” Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 43 Books A pioneer’s path in the blogsphere

In the mid-2000s, Matthew Buckland took over the M&G’s website, 10 years after it had led the field in online news, and gave it a new lease on life. First, though, he had to fight an ownership battle

hought Leader was ahead product. It was a more sophisticated of its time and enthusi- evolution of Blogmark, which was astically received by the now defunct. We invited only well- Tcountry. Essentially a known and quality writers to blog group blogging platform, on Thought Leader on a variety of Thought Leader allowed readers topics, but crucially we retained to comment on and debate issues editorial control, unlike the “free- raised by contributors to the site. for-all” on Blogmark. Editorially, It was a dynamic combination of the Thought Leader site improved all the internet theory we had stud- steadily over time. In 2008 Thought ied, involving a mixture of journal- Leader was recognised as an “hon- ists, non-journalists and readers all ouree” at the reputable international on the same platform, on the same Webby Awards and was named “blog level as each other. There were of the year” at the South African Blog two key factors in getting profiled Awards. The M&G Online was being on the platform: algorithm (how talked about at web conferences and popular your article was) and edi- industry events. Traffic and revenues torial consideration (what the edi- continued to soar. At one stage, the tor thought of it). This was a revo- site was ranked among the top-five lutionary approach. At that time it online publishers’ sites – a great feat. was unheard of to let readers write The site’s new-found success began on the same level as journalists and attracting the attention of some big allow algorithms to set the news names. Helen Zille, the Western agenda of the day. Cape premier, stormed into our Thought Leader was one of the reception one day to complain about first commercial media sites to use an online article. I was too busy to WordPress — a free, open-source see her, so I sent a journalist to sort CMS — for a major editorial prod- out the issue. A year later she was uct. WordPress was then mostly elected head of the official opposi- thought of as a limited blog plat- tion party, the Democratic Alliance. form. Frankly, we had some doubts Meanwhile, the shareholder mantle about the platform, but we pushed had passed from MWEB to 24.com, on anyway. It turned out that it fit a new publishing-focused entity that what Thought Leader was doing like incorporated News24.com. A dis- a glove. jointed combination of MWEB and The speed with which our new News24 staff was assimilated into sites were created and the quality the new operation. We hoped rela- of our products were quickly rec- tions would improve, as we were ognised by the industry, and M&G now dealing with a focused technol- Such were the historical circum- from MWEB. I knew them both publishers showing a blank site. I Online was regaining its status as ogy and publishing entity as opposed stances we inherited. Walking away from my early iafrica.com days, and know I am no saint, but I do my best an innovator. Vincent Maher pio- to an internet service provider (ISP) from the site meant facing a five- together we had founded the Online to control my emotions. That day, neered the country’s first semantic that lacked a publishing culture and year restraint of trade — an option Publishers Association in 2004. I had however, I snapped. I was furious. tagging, a form of artificial intel- understanding. none of us wanted, because the M&G also bumped into Hanly at a digital It was unthinkable that a major site ligence, linked up with an innova- Online business had been showing media conference in Prague, and we and business could be subjected to tive technology called Reuters Open ut things did not get better. real promise and was backed by tal- had struck up a pretty good friend- something so careless. We had tried Calais. This service would automati- It became clear that 24.com ented, committed and passionate ship and mutual respect. But there so hard to build the site into a suc- cally read Mail & Guardian articles Bwas naturally focused on staff. We truly felt we had the best was an unavoidable structural ten- cessful business, despite the obsta- and assign them contextual tags that establishing itself, and M&G online editor and news editor, online sion that made the work relationship cles in our way. And then this: some- would allow us to cross-link stories, Online was pushed further into the sales agent and technical strategist. difficult to manage. one accidentally deleting the site. enhance the site’s search engine opti- background. Few would have disagreed with us The slow resolution of key techni- It took a day to repair the damage, misation and enable readers to find It was an irony: the M&G was but a — in fact, the M&G Online manage- cal issues related to the site infu- although a week’s worth of articles content more easily. 35% shareholder of a site that carried ment team was openly known in the riated me. For a week we had to was lost forever. We thought we Vincent and I were rare beasts in its brand name, but the 65% share- industry as the “dream team”. endure HTML errors on article pages had put the worst behind us. But that we not only came from a con- holder seemed to show indifference This was a difficult time for me. while we worked the phones and then, 48 hours later, the unthink- tent background, with journalism to the business. We acted as though I had a good relationship with the hierarchies, struggling with the able happened again: the database degrees, but also understood prod- we were 100% shareholders, but had Russell Hanly, then the chief execu- 24.com technical team to get the site was deleted a second time. We were uct development and the technical only the power of minority share- tive of 24.com, and with second-in- fixed. Civilised conversations became enraged, and the M&G began con- aspects of web development. We holders. Not a month went by in command JP Farinha, who hailed less civilised. Phones were slammed sulting lawyers. It was the final straw were keen bloggers too, bridging which chief executive Trevor Ncube, down. It was a fractious, uncomfort- for us. the gap between the formal publish- financial director Hoosain Karjieker able relationship. During this time, 24.com was ing world and the informal micro- and I did not discuss options to The final straw came one day experiencing its own technical dif- publishing world — the blogsphere. improve or get out of the deal. when, just before we were leaving ficulties. Its website was struggling Amatomu and Thought Leader The website sale agreement, drawn the office, we noticed that the site under an outsourced legacy CMS, were direct results of this crossover. up back in the 1990s, was a shock- had stopped displaying articles. and the MWEB ISP culture in the Amatomu was a blog aggregator that ing piece of legal work. Not only did The bare structure was there — the organisation was not conducive to ranked the best and most-read blogs the agreement sell an overwhelming navigation, the page elements — agile development focused on online in the country. It brought a disparate majority of the site to a shareholder but there were no articles. It was an publishing. We agreed we needed to self-publishing community together that was unable to add significant empty shell. buy back M&G Online; 24.com con- under one site and allowed users to value (an ISP that did not under- The site’s database had been firmed it would sell the site. There discover new bloggers and read qual- stand online publishing or the M&G), “accidentally dropped” — a tech was no other option. ity blog content. At the time, it was but it also effectively sold all M&G’s euphemism for “deleted”. That this enthusiastically embraced by the online rights. Taken to its absurd could have happened on a major This is an extract from How to Build online and blogger community, and conclusion, this meant that even if international site astounded me. I a Startup, published by Tafelberg. was responsible in itself for spurring the M&G were to build its own cor- spent hours making phone calls to Matthew Buckland, who died this on a growing blogger scene. porate site, in all likelihood it would Thinking ahead: Matthew get technical staff to understand the year, was a new-media pioneer and Thought Leader was a different own only a minority stake in it. Buckland broke digital ground urgency of one of the country’s top entrepreneur 44 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Lifestyle Beyoncé: Spirit of plagiarism?

The artist has allegedly copied African artist Petite Noir. But is this merely ‘artistic licence’?

Zaza Hlalethwa

he devil works hard but Beyoncé Knowles-Carter and her creative team Twork harder. In between multiple projects, being on tour and promot- ing the Lion King live-action remake, the artist released The Lion King: Formations: An image from the making of Petite Noir’s La Maison Noir The Gift, a 14-track album to accom- in Swakopmund, Namibia (above left) and a screen grab from Beyoncé’s pany the film’s soundtrack. The Gift Spirit music video (above right) . Photo (left): Tyrone Bradley was released shortly after Knowles premiered Spirit, a single that fea- tures on both her album and the soundtrack. As the recent Beyoncé-phoria from the The Gift began to die down, mak- ing way for commentary outside the Beyhive, talks of plagiarism related to the Spirit music video surfaced. Spirit allegedly borrows its visual cues from La Maison Noir: The Gift and The Curse, an 18-minute visual album accompanying Petite Noir’s eponymous 2018 EP. Photographer and filmmaker Justice Mukheli took to Twitter with a picture comparing frames from the two works with a caption that read: “The ridiculous- ness of how bluntly Beyoncé chopped Petite Noir’s work is beyond my com- prehension. Frame for frame.” Double trouble: A screen grab from the Senegalese film Touki Bouki (left) and Jay-Z and Beyoncé’s poster promoting their On the Run Tour II. The US The Mail & Guardian contacted couple did not credit the original material, despite the striking similarity of the images. Ilunga and his creative partner and wife, Rochelle Nembhard, for com- Maison Noir was just one of many shows Jay-Z and Beyoncé sitting reported on the Senegalese film’s solo career in 2003, most of Knowles’s ment. Nkenge Arscott of Nomadic references that went into the story- on a motorbike embellished with a influence on the poster, no credit has albums have been accompanied by Africans, who represents the duo, boarding for Spirit. long-horned bull’s skull similar to been given by the US couple. music videos. While this has earned responded, saying: “Yannick and Last year the official On The Run the one that the lead characters of If credit is not given and there are Meyers and Knowles an impressive Rochelle are unable to offer a com- Tour II poster mimicked a scene Touki Bouki ride on. While multiple markers of difference between simi- filmography and respect in the busi- ment at this time. However, we do from Touki Bouki. The picture articles from reputable organisations lar works, how do we draw the line ness, the rate at which they produce encourage you and your team to between inspiration and plagiarism? new works may result in creative explore this further.” The M&G also According to Nishan Singh, a part- fatigue that strains the ability to come contacted Knowles’s publicist. A ner at Adams & Adams who spe- up with original ideas. This fatigue, response had not been received by cialises in trademark and copyright together with their clout, may foster the time of publication. law, copyright is infringed when, for the temptation to imitate, especially Similar aesthetic concepts in La example, a third party reproduces because they have the resources to Maison Noir and Spirit include the or adapts a work without licence or defend against litigation. desert and wetland settings, the the authorisation of the copyright In a 2018 M&G conversation about wardrobes’ colour palette, choreog- owner. If the essence of the work has fair use of other people’s works, raphy and the way the videographers been copied — as in the setting, cos- between Greg Marinovich and M frame the characters. tume design and choreography — it Neelika Jayawardane, the latter Leading up to the visual album’s is considered an infringement and, noted that it is common for public release in 2018, Nembhard told as such, plagiarism. figures being accused of imitating the M&G how the visuals for La to harness the concept of “power- Maison Noir represent “a pilgrimage Why the cycle continues ful subjectivity”. This subjectivity through Yannick’s life since he was A similar case occurred last year quickly erases the intellectual and an adolescent up to now. It’s basi- when British-Liberain artist Lina creative labour of the lesser-known cally about putting one step in front Iris Viktor pursued a case against artist who owns the copyright. of the other. But it’s also a visual Kendrick Lamar and SZA when an “The enormous pressure on stars interpretation of what being black almost exact copy of Viktor’s work to produce an ever more innovative means to us.” from the series Constellations, as assembly line of works for their gal- Speaking to US television network well as other motifs inspired by the leries, group exhibitions, art fairs ABC’s news anchor, Robin Roberts, artist, appeared in their music video and biennales seems to create the Knowles explained that: “The con- All The Stars, a single taken from conditions for such problematic cept of the [Spirit] video is to show Black Panther: The Album. practices; they are questionable at how God is the painter. Natural The director of All the Stars, Dave best, exploitative and arrogant at beauty and nature needs no art Meyers, also came under fire when worst,” she said. direction. It’s the beauty of colour, artist Vladimir Kush said visu- Last week Viktor, who is friends the beauty of melanin and the beauty als from Ariana Grande’s God is a with Ilunga and Nembhard, com- of tradition.” Spirit was directed by Woman mimicked his paintings mented on the matter on Instagram Jake Nava, a white British director The Candle (1999) and The Candle by reposting a slide show comparing who has worked with Knowles for II (2000). This happened again with the two works. The slide show was some time. the Billie Eilish music video Bad taken from the Instagram account Guy, in which many of the scenes of Diet Prada, which highlights the Inspiration versus imitation have a likeness to a photo essay by many instances of plagiarism in While the similarities between La Maurizio Cattelan and Pierpaolo fashion and pop culture. Maison Noir and Spirit are jar- Ferrari for Toiletpaper magazine. Part of Viktor’s caption reads: ring, it could also be argued that Although it is not certain why fig- “Moreover, so ironic that all the Spirit took its inspiration from else- ures such as Meyers and Beyoncé films, musicians and participants where. Perhaps the desert setting continue this cycle, it may be a con- who appear to champion and sup- was informed by that of the Lion sequence of their high levels of pro- port the African continent now and King’s fictitious Pride Rock. It could ductivity. Meyers is hailed as the all of its offerings, also feel entitled to be that Solange had an influence on director behind some of the most steal from African artists in the pro- the project, considering that her vis- iconic music videos of the 2000s. He cess. I say ‘steal’ as it is NOT ‘inspira- ual album When I Get Home (2019) has worked with many artists across tion’, nor ‘borrowing’, or a ‘homage’ showcased similar settings, choreo- genres and continues to hold his spot to blatantly lift another’s work with- graphy and formations. Maybe La in the industry. Since debuting her out their permission.” Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 45 Lifestyle THE PORTFOLIO

Dudu Busani-Dube with perfect torsos and bouncing curls. They are fat Nokuthulas with low self-esteem February has always been a dull month for and dark skin. They start off collecting me, a dreadful period where I’m tired and social grants and end up in the corner office irritable. My sister says it’s my mind reboot- because we make them ambitious fighters. ing itself. I say I don’t know and I don’t Our Johns do not show up with muscles, care because, ironically, it is also the period on horseback, ready to whisk beautiful girls where I’m most creative. away into the sunset. They come with bag- The darkest and most violent chapters of gage; they are wounded and violent and I my books were written in February with an put them in books because maybe then they intoxicated mind and anxious soul. might recognise themselves and reflect. I was in that state when I described a rape I don’t have a sacred writing space, but scene in Zandile the Resolute and when I do write better after midnight, when I’m Shemar died in Zulu Wedding. surrounded by creative energy. My first “What inspired you to write these books?” two books, for example, were written in a people ask. It’s always the first thing the newsroom. audience wants to know at book festivals and The stories I write come from being a black book club sessions. woman in South Africa, the friendships and I never know how to answer this because, relationships I have had, families and what really, at no point in my life did I sit down in we perceive as love. a garden and inhale fresh air, watch flowers I probably would never have written a blooming under the blue sky and become series if my first book had not had such an inspired to write about broken men and the effect on so many people — most of whom women who try to fix them. weren’t even in the habit of reading. So I bite my nails and answer: “People, just It is them — because they are still buying people and their realities.” my books and hyping them even five years It’s usually not enough. They want to know later — who motivate me to continue writing. if my characters exist in real life and if there So many things have come out of my writ- are any parts of me in the stories. Sometimes ing journey and the risk I took to publish the moderator saves me by cracking a joke myself. The best one is the growing fearless- and moving on to the next question, or I bite ness about telling our stories as they are and my nails even harder and tell the audience using familiar language to tell them. that one day, in 2014, I opened my laptop, poured myself a glass of wine and started Dudu Busani-Dube is the author of the typing things about what was “wrong” and Hlomu series, which includes Hlomu the “right” about us. Reality: There are not heroic men in written words, we have no time to be talk- Wife, Zandile the Resolute and Naledi His See, in this time and age where the litera- rescuing beautiful damsels in ing about John and Stephanie and how they Love, which were all published in 2015, and ture space has no choice but to accept the author Dudu Busani-Dube’s books. kiss at the end of the book. Zulu Wedding (2018). She publishes under outbursts, anger and rawness that we spew Photo: Liso Pix Photography Our Stephanies are not flower arrangers her own imprint, Hlomu Publishing 46 Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Books The science of writing fiction

Masande Ntshanga uses his imagination to create plausible relationships in his genre-bending novels

Zaza Hlalethwa professional writers aren’t,” says Imraan Coovadia, the essayist and e have a novelist who directs the creative tendency to writing programme Ntshanga took take things at UCT. ‘Wfor granted Ntshanga remembers one of Man of his words: Masande Ntshanga’s novels are a reflection of his extensive reading and research, as well as because Coovadia’s seminars providing a his experience of growing up in the Ciskei. His latest book, Triangulum, explores intimate relationships in the we live here and because there pen-dropping moment that has context of mental illness. Photo: Delwyn Verasamy are so many stories that get told since served his career as a writer. It about [South Africa],” says writer was when Coovadia dared the crea- Triangulum, although there made its way around the Ciskei in Masande Ntshanga. “So now there’s tive writing class to imagine. are elements of this approach hushed tones. this idea that we can’t write books “You want to believe that in in The Reactive. “They’re dif- In terms of form, both The or fiction on apartheid anymore. fiction you can find all sorts ferent,” Ntshanga admits. “In Reactive and Triangulum shift I’m not sure about that.” Ntshanga of things through research, Triangulum the narrator is more back and forth between the present is recalling an assertion he made right?” Ntshanga asks. “But active, whereas I’m sure you can and the past because the author is shortly before writing his second really, you have to be will- tell Nathi is a little passive as a uninterested in penning a linear novel, Triangulum, which follows ing to dare to imagine how character. I’ve even heard some reality. his acclaimed debut, The Reactive. something would be and how people say that it’s more ‘voicey’ “[The two novels] are preoccu- While the process of many novel- it would feel for fiction to feel than Triangulum,” Ntshanga pied with recreating a simulation ists and fiction writers is referred plausible.” laughs. of experience so that you’re really to as an art, it seems more fitting During the interview, it Triangulum can be sim- immersed. I always thought lin- to refer to Ntshanga’s practice as seems evident that Ntshanga’s plified as an exploration of ear narratives were too restrictive a science. Just as hypotheses are limitless yet critical imagina- intimate relationships in the and too simple. I felt like it wasn’t speculations formed with limited tion is what makes it possible context of mental illness. true to how we experience life,” evidence as a starting point for fur- for him to revisit and revital- Following her mother’s dis- Ntshanga says. Triangulum takes ther research, so too are Ntshanga’s ise South African themes like appearance, the unnamed this approach deeper by offering the writings. apartheid, immigration, HIV, teenage protagonist begins reader a look at the future. The Mail & Guardian visited mental health, censorship, seeing apparitions that the Ntshanga has bylines in Chimu- the novelist and fiction editor at substance abuse and the sum medical system deems to renga, Rolling Stone, The White his Johannesburg home to talk of difficulties that black people be schizophrenic hallucina- Review, Vice and n+1, and his nov- about South African fiction, nation- negotiate. tions. Triangulum explores els are available in more than five building, and developing a literary “I write human stories about how she relates to herself regions. In addition to South Africa, practice. relationships and what those and her loved ones follow- The Reactive and Triangulum have Dressed in a black turtleneck and mean to us as people. But at ing her diagnosis. landed publishing contracts in the faded blue Zara Man jeans rolled the same time, in order to keep This fairly straightfor- United States, the United Kingdom, up to expose black socks, Ntshanga myself interested enough, it also ward plot is complicated Italy and Germany. offers his guests a couch and sits at has to be this intellectual under- by Ntshanga’s choice of This business aspect of literature his desk facing us with crossed legs, taking,” he says. genre and his experience was not as a result of a deliberate his face resting on one of his wrists. This is achieved through tools of childhood, as well as the plan of action on Ntshanga’s part. He won’t be in Johannesburg much such as form, language, and spa- form of the book itself. While he had wanted to be pub- longer and is moving back to Cape tial and temporal allusions, as well Firstly, Triangulum lished internationally, he insists Town. “It’s time.” as referencing historical texts. One unfolds through the meld- this played no role in his writing Since he was 15, the Bhisho- such text is The Ghosts of Lennox ing of historical fiction, or the marketing of his work. The born Ntshanga has made it a habit Sebe’s Ciskei, which Ntshanga read science fiction and mys- deals were a result of responding to respond to books he has read to understand the foundation of tery. This can be seen in to opportunities. “I think that other through writing fiction. “I started the Ciskei before using the home- how the subplots unfold in regions, especially the US, respond finding ones that I liked — things land as a central setting in his parallel with the Bantustan to the form of the book,” he says. “I that were a very immersive read- work. Written by Thembinkosi system being phased out mean, they do have an interest in ing experience — so much so that I Lehloesa, The Ghosts of Lennox in the 1990s, South Africa’s South African history but I only dis- actually felt charged and I wanted Sebe’s Ciskei tracks how Lennox economic decline, the cur- covered that after publishing.” to write something of my own after- Sebe, the homeland’s chief min- rent state of surveillance — Towards the end of the interview wards,” he says. ister, became an agent of apart- where personal information Ntshanga shares his thoughts on the This practice continued when heid in the Ciskei while trying to and movements can be har- idea of placing his work in a canon Ntshanga went to the University attain independence. vested through your social of fiction geared toward critiquing of Cape Town (UCT), where he The “intellectual undertak- media presence — and the the state of the country, a practice majored in film and English lit- ing” in The Reactive plays itself United Nations’ prediction of that has generally been approached erature. There he had access to the out by weaving societal issues an ecological disaster in the through realism. university’s African Studies Library into an intimate narrative 2040s. “I mean, I really like realism but and the rare books special collec- using the protagonist’s voice. Triangulum was sparked by not necessarily in this strict tradi- tion, where he found a variety of The novel is set in 2003, shortly the eerie mood of Ntshanga’s tion of social realism. There’s an “charged” texts that he “wouldn’t be before the announcement that childhood memories of grow- amount of solace that I think can be able to find anywhere else”. antiretrovirals (ARVs) would ing up in the Ciskei. “I remem- derived from being able to experi- Ntshanga’s 17-year-long deliberate be made available to the pub- ber in my first year of univer- ence plausible human interactions practice has seen him receive many lic. This is presented to the sity, coming across this poem,” through reading,” he says. awards, including the Betty Trask reader through a protagonist he says, before laughing at how However, Ntshanga also notes Award (2018), a National Research who has access to ARVs dur- he is haunted by forgetting that his coming of age took place Foundation scholarship and the ing this time but decides to its title and author. “The poet during, and was inevitably coloured inaugural PEN International New sell them on the black mar- writes about this experience by, the Truth and Reconciliation Voices Award (2013), among others. ket following his brother’s of apartheid feeling like a B Commission, when devastating rev- Ntshanga received many of these death. movie... There’s this impression elations were made with very few after writing the short story Space, Although there’s an expec- that it feels like you could be in a resolutions following them. long before his two novels. tation for the commonly visited First World country but it’s arti- “I was always aware of these dis- Although his practice has earned subject of HIV to unfold through on access and healthcare in South ficial because there’s all this stuff crepancies in our society. So it was him many accolades, Ntshanga says the played-out poverty porn lens, Africa, Ntshanga’s delivery of this that’s underneath the surface that’s natural for me to put that into my he has resigned himself to writing it unravels instead as a tale of grief theme complicates existing ideas really brutal and really violent. stories. Not necessarily as a focus books that are commonly referred and a search for the meaning of life about how black masculinity mani- “There was something about that but as a context,” he says. “In a way, to as not being for everyone. inside a home of educated, black fests itself. poem that reminded me of growing post-apartheid South Africa kind of “He’s serious and original about middle-class folk. In addition to Ntshanga set up more of an up eBhisho,” Ntshanga says, recall- critiques itself. I just have to tran- writing in a way that even quite encouraging the reader to reflect intellectual challenge in writing ing an underlying paranoia that scribe what is happening.” Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 47

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The science of storytelling Page 46 PHOTO: DELWYN VERASAMY DELWYN PHOTO: All Blacks coach takes a gamble for Boks

The eagerly anticipated match-up between the Boks and the All Blacks on Saturday has seen New Zealand coach Steve Hansen spring a surprise by moving two-time World Rugby Player of the Year Beauden Barrett to fullback in order to accomodate exciting Crusaders fl yhalf Richie Mo’unga. Sport “There’s always a risk in anything you do. I’ve often said, ‘If the reward’s worth the risk, then take the July 26 to August 1 2019 • mg.co.za/sport risk’,” he said. A ‘friendly’ that means everything

A derby is a derby and Kaizer Chiefs desperately need to set the right standard for the season Luke Feltham

here’s a South African proverb that goes like this: there’s no such thing as a Tfriendly Soweto Derby. Say what you will about the marketing savvy or pre-season nature of the Carling Black Label Cup, no one of a Kaizer Chiefs or Orlando Pirates persuasion enjoys losing to the other. The occasion hardly matters, even if it is one run by guest coaches operating line-ups chosen by supporters. At a frigid Naturena — home to the Glamour Boys — this week, it became clear the fans are not the only ones who felt that way. “Obviously, it’s very difficult because we’re still preparing for the season. But, you know, you need to give it your all,” said Chiefs mid- fi elder George Maluleka ahead of the game. “It sets the tone for the season. And for us, it also gives the support- ers that extra confi dence booster.” Young goalkeeper Bruce Bvuma articulated a sense of what the occa- sion means for locals like him. “For The big one: Lazarous Kambole (above right), who played for Zambian football club Zesco, has been signed on by Kaizer Chiefs and will play in the me it is one of the biggest games I’ll Soweto Derby. For goalkeeper Bruce Bvuma (below) the game is a dream come true. Photos: Sydney Seshibedi and Lefty Shivambu/Gallo Images ever play, I won’t lie. It makes me remember all the memories of going but failed to guide it to safer ground. to the stadium as a young kid. You Many expected he would be on his know, going with my father watching way after the Galaxy loss, but the this game, supporting Chiefs. When club structures evidently believe I saw that I’ll be starting I told him retaining him will bring stability. straight up: ‘No, you can’t miss this He was in a jovial mood, for his one. I know you’re busy but no, you standards, ahead of the derby and can’t miss this one. I want you to be happily explained the club’s recruit- there to watch me play this game.’” ment strategy. Those who walk out in black and “It was important that we put some yellow on the FNB Stadium pitch on parameters in,” the coach said. “We Saturday are well aware of the pres- went for guys that are between 24 sure that is increasingly weighing and 28. We wanted to see that these down on them. TS Galaxy’s 90th min- players had no handicap in terms ute penalty in the Nedbank Cup fi nal of being injured or being put in the back in May confi rmed that it would dustbin of other clubs. be a four-year trophy drought for “All these players have played regu- South Africa’s most supported team. larly in their former clubs, it doesn’t What was already going to be a matter if it was in Europe, Australia competitive derby becomes another or Zambia. Some have adapted day to keep the wolves from the door. already very well, others need a little It will also be vital preparation for bit more time but that’s not unusual.” the day job of the Premier Soccer Although Middendorp insisted League starting next weekend. he was happy to take the back- Needless to say, there’s a strong seat on Saturday, he was slightly determination to improve on last peeved at a couple of the fans’ selec- season’s failure to crack the top eight. tions, namely Daniel Cardoso and Judging by their signings so far this Ramahlwe Mphahlele. The defensive window, Amakhosi management those numbers as well. The Serbian Katsande will fi nd his position under They’ve brought over some kind duo, recently on duty with Bafana was in no mood to entertain poten- scored 23 goals from 28 games for his threat this term because of the much- of energy to the team. Competitive in Egypt, returned to Naturena on tial. They want results, not prom- old club. needed healthy competition. energy as well, because now the rest Tuesday, giving them a handful of ise. All four of the notable names Baccus and Kotei will be tasked Chiefs made sure to integrate the of the lads, including myself, we have days to get ready for a derby. All the through the door bring with them with helping out further back in mid- new players into the team and coun- upped our work ethic, which is a plus coach can do is shrug his shoulders; experience and proven talent from fi eld. The former is a South African- try by taking the squad to Camp for the club and team. We’re pushing, that’s the nature of the Black Label outside South Africa. The players born Australia youth international Discovery near Hammanskraal this you know. I think as long as we keep Cup. are Lazarous Kambole, James Kotei, and arrives from Melbourne City FC. off -season. It was an opportunity to pushing, as long as we stay positive, There’s some irony in that. Samir Nurkovic and Kearyn Baccus. It’s Kotei, however, who is largely get a glimpse of the local wildlife. as long as we continue to strive I’m Amakhosi have spent their recent Kambole is a Zambian striker from touted to have the biggest effect. “The new inclusions are very happy sure the results will follow.” history disappointing their faithful Zesco United, who signs fresh off of The powerful Ghanaian can be an to be here,” veteran striker Bernard Ernst Middendorp remains the but have now had to rely on them to winning the league in his country. immense presence in the middle of Parker said of his teammates. man tasked with procuring those pick a strong line-up for their quasi- He will join an attack that too often the park and provides a useful shield “They’re bringing a lot of experience results. The terse German comman- season opener. Whether you label it a stuttered at key points last season. ahead of the backline. from their respective clubs. They deered Giovanni Solinas’s sinking friendly or a derby, Chiefs need every It’s hoped Nurkovic will directly up Murmurs abound that Willard were playing in good teams as well. ship midway through last season win they can get. 2 Supplement to Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Sport No-deal Brexit could be the end of the innings for ‘Kolpak’ players, say cricket chiefs

A no-deal Brexit could mean ments or who are lawfully work- rulings could be directly affected ment, an outcome which has been file including former South African “Kolpak” cricketers will be gone from ing within an EU country, have the by Britain’s withdrawal from the frequently floated by prime minister internationals Morne Morkel, Wayne the English county game by 2021. same free movement rights as EU European Union. Boris Johnson. Parnell, Duanne Olivier, Simon This is according to updated guid- citizens. The ECB has issued an email to the In that case new Kolpak registra- Harmer and Kyle Abbott. ance from the England and Wales Kolpak signings, as well as crick- 18 first-class counties noting a series tions would be impossible and exist- Some would easily earn overseas Cricket Board (ECB). eters with EU passports, are cur- of potential Brexit implications. ing deals would likely cease at the deals in the event of their current The Kolpak ruling means that citi- rently eligible to play in England One such outcome involves the end of the 2020 season. status being revoked but many more zens of countries who have signed without counting as “overseas” play- United Kingdom departing from the There are dozens of Kolpaks signed would expect to leave the county cir- European Union association agree- ers —but both these employment EU on October 31 without an agree- to counties, with the most high-pro- cuit. — AFP

High goals: South Africa’s Karla Pretorius and her team, the Spar Proteas, achieved their goal of making it to the top four of the Netball World Cup this year. Pretorius, who plays goal defence and wing defence, was named Player of the Tournament. Photo: Nigel French/PA Images via Getty Images SA netball provides a new heroine

Karla Pretorius was instrumental in her side’s defence and goal defence, she under- Tournament in 2014 and 2015. She at the World Cup. But the team had stands the role of her position, reads said that her dreams and ambi- quietly set their sights on a semifinal. fourth place finish at the World Cup. But she has every aspect of the game superbly tions for herself in this sport were “Our aim was to get into the top been conquering the sport wherever she has gone and provides the security that central moulded in front of the television. four, and we did. So mission com- and attacking players need. “The dream started at a young pleted,” Pretorius said. “We now In netball, the wing defence can go age by watching the national league want to continue the momentum Eyaaz Matwadia be for her team and play to the best of into the centre and defensive thirds, games, and reading about Irene van and development for the next four her abilities in the role she is given. but not in the attacking third or the Dyk, and Leana de Bruin playing years up to the 2023 Netball World emembering the excep- She became the first South African goal circle. Their main job is to stop overseas [in New Zealand]. It was a Cup in Cape Town and onwards.” tional eight tries of to win the award since Erin Burger the ball reaching the goal circle. They dream to play overseas and compete With the next tournament on Bryan Habana in 2007, — coincidentally Pretorius’s touring must intercept passes and feed them against the best in the world.” home soil, the chance to kick on from Ror the vicious 166 AB de roommate — won it in 2011. back to the attacking areas. After playing in the Free State, the World Cup success and push a Villiers smashed against “When Erin won the award eight Pretorius says she realised her Pretorius moved to British side, Bath, step further exists in the mind of West Indies in 2015, South Africa years ago it really inspired me. I have dream of becoming a netball great and then to Australia where she cur- Pretorius and her teammates. must now shine the spotlight on a always believed that we can com- long before she represented the rently represents Sunshine Coast As for Pretorius, kicking on from new sports hero — Karla Pretorius. pete with the best in the world even University of the Free State — Lightning. here spins around the narrative of She was the focal point of the though we don’t play as often as we where she completed her master’s She has conquered the Super happiness. She says that as long as South African netball side’s impres- would like against the top nations. degree in dietetics this year — and Netball League in Australia twice, she is playing netball and can still sive fourth place finish at the World Me winning this award shows that won the Varsity Cup Player of the in 2017 and 2018, was crowned most compete, she will enjoy it. Cup, which took place in Liverpool, South Africa has the talent, play- valuable player for her performance She hopes the Spar Proteas’s per- England. When she was named ers and team to go to the top. I am in the 2017 final, and was named in formance in Liverpool will help pro- Player of the 2019 Netball World Cup excited about the future of the Spar the Super Netball League’s team of pel netball to becoming among the on Sunday, the 11 000 crowd in the Proteas,” Pretorius said upon receiv- “We now want the year in 2018. flagship sports in the country. M&S Bank Arena stood to applaud, ing the award. to continue This year, her focus shifted to get- As a sporting nation, South Africa not out of courtesy or perfunctionary Pretorius was formidable at this ting her country among the best in has been starved of silverware for respect, but because it was deserved. World Cup. Towering at 181cm, she the momentum the world. At the World Cup the Spar more than a decade now with paper As honoured as Pretorius was to uses her height to her advantage and development Proteas narrowly lost out to Australia heroes failing to reach the lofty aspi- receive the accolade, she labelled it a when making interceptions that for the next in the semifinals by 55 points to 53. rations of supporters. “bonus”, saying that she just wants to allow her team to play on the front- Most South Africans did not expect Perhaps it is time to start believing make sure that she is the best she can foot. Capable of playing both wing four years” the netball team to be in the top four in heroines. Supplement to Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 3 Sport The All Blacks remain unbowed

New Zealand have a chance Japan — he can only hope it’s a dream ending like the one his predecessor got. to do the incredible in Japan But it’s Sam Whitelock and Brodie Retallick later this year and win a third who have arguably kept the heart of the All Blacks pumping. The two undisputedly form consecutive World Cup the best lock pairing in world rugby and one of the greatest ever. Their consistency will be key Luke Feltham to any further success Hansen will enjoy. It’s in stark contrast to the fortunes of South Africa, very now and then the All Blacks lose who have struggled to replace the Bakkies a Test match. When they do, New Botha/Victor Matfield pairing. Zealand’s journalists scratch the It’s a different story looking at the backline. In Ebottom of the barrel in excitement Beauden Barrett, an immediate replacement for and churn out think-pieces about Carter was available at flyhalf. With his ability the team’s decline. It’s hard to blame them — to organise those around him only improving, scouring the thesaurus for synonyms of “domi- he’s gone on to win the world player of the year nant” every day must be eternally boring. gong twice. Richie Mo’unga, Carter’s replace- The Springboks happened to be one of the ment at the Crusaders, is a rather nice backup. last sides that threw them that rare bone. Some Similarly, Aaron Smith, still one of the best thrilling running from Aphiwe Dyantyi and a scrumhalves around, has TJ Perenara for cover. chest-thumping defensive effort clinched a his- Smith and Barrett feed an assortment toric win. of young talent that has kept the spirit of Cue the panic. Hansen’s running game thriving. With an But no matter how many column centime- Up for it: Despite a few wobbles, the All Blacks are undoubtedly the best side in the world upcoming squad cut after Saturday’s game, tres are packed with filler, no one can escape and have a great chance to take the cup home from Japan. Photo: Phil Walter/Getty Images all will be hungry to impress. Anton Lienert- the fact that this is the best side in the world Brown, Ngani Laumape, Rieko Ioane, Ben and has been for a good while. They would rec- develop the Boks into the team the country that imperious showing in England to surge to Smith and Jordie Barrett have nailed their tify that slip soon after by finding an extra gear dreams of. As it stands, the All Blacks represent a record 18 consecutive wins. Since then the places down. Sonny Bill Williams, a survivor of to force the comeback victory in the reverse at everything the South African selectors wish handful of wobbles, notably a drawn series to both previous World Cups, is one of those with Loftus Versveld. they could get out of their own talent pool. the Lions and the aforementioned Bok loss, a job to do if given a runout against the Boks — Now, a year later, the two find themselves Amazingly, it has periodically regenerated have taken the shine off but not the efficacy. to prove his dip in form is temporary. once more staring down at each other in itself over the past decade and a half. At its core, New Zealand have remained a It’s that reluctance to embrace sentiment Wellington — this time with a World Cup on In many ways the 2015 World Cup final at powerhouse thanks to a pack that’s remained that has sustained the All Blacks’ spot at the the horizon. With “experimental” line-ups Twickenham should have been the perfect largely unchanged (sans McCaw) over the past top of the sport over the past decade. Legends sent to do battle with Argentina and Australia swan song for an era. The first side to defend four years. Joe Moody, Dane Coles and Owen have come and gone but the team’s identity respectively, neither Steve Hansen nor Rassie their title; fearless captain and the most Franks can still be relied on to form a formida- has remained intact. Without that stubborn Erasmus has hidden the fact that this is the one capped player in Test history Richie McCaw ble front row, with the Crusader’s Codie Taylor embracing of the whole, losing McCaw and they really want to win. It also just happens to hanging up his boots; integral stalwarts like emerging as a force in that period as well. Carter would have been a death knell. This is be the first match in Japan for each. Dan Carter and Ma’a Nonu stepping away from Further back at No 8, Kieran Read has sup- not the all-conquering 2015 outfit, that’s for Erasmus knows that he has to usurp the the national team. plied a strong, consistent presence as the new sure. But whether the result will be any differ- world champions along the way if he is to What we got instead was a side that built on captain. He will end his international career in ent is far less clear. How to breed the Barretts

Luke Feltham

According to New Zealand legend, Kevin Barrett was unequivocal when asked about his post-retirement plans: “I’m going to go breed some All Blacks.” No one’s sure if he really said that — a trait of good folklore — but there are none who can deny that’s exactly what he did. Not only have Beauden, Jordie and Scott Barrett gone on to earn caps but when they ran out against France last year, they became the first sibling trio to take the field at the same time. With all of them being nailed-down selec- tions for the World Cup (good health willing), the three are erecting a veritable family dynasty in the best team in the world. There is no comparison across the sport- ing world when we consider the prestige and competition involved in slipping on the famed black shirt. Add in the fact that oldest brother Kane Barrett was a promising lock before being forced into retirement, after suffering a concus- sion and their rise is unprecedented. How did one family get so good? It’s a question many a Kiwi journalist has sought to answer. One of them, Peter Bills, put it to Beauden for his recent book The Jersey: The Secrets Behind the World’s Most Successful Team. Brothers in arms: Scott and Beauden Barrett celebrate a Bledisloe Cup victory over and Australia. Photo: Hannah Peters/Getty Images “We acquire the basic skills at a very young age,” Barrett said. “It starts with your dad pass- It’s that last part that seems most influen- credited country life with nudging along aspir- into an even greater player, will follow suit. ing you a ball when you are five years old, or tial — judging by anecdotal evidence at least. ing youngsters. In conversations about the The Blues, who have toiled for so long under even [younger]. You are also watching your As much as genes passed down from rugby Barretts, he’s made the easy comparison to the weight of a perpetual wooden spoon in the heroes play on TV, watching them and seeing pedigree surely help, it’s a lifetime spent kick- the Whitelock brothers who also grew up in conference, all of a sudden look to be putting in how they do it. Then you take those lessons out ing and throwing balls that has made sport as relatively rural areas. Sam, George and Luke an outside bid for the title. (Scott, of course, has into the backyard and do it with your mates. natural as breathing for the Barretts. Whitelock have all been capped (but not at the already hoisted a couple himself thanks to the “I had my brothers around, so it was pretty Growing up on a dairy farm on the west same time). key role he plays in the Crusaders pack.) competitive. We used to pack down scrums, coast, the brothers were freed from the distrac- After playing what should be key roles at the You wouldn’t bet against it for a single fact: I would feed the scrum. We did everything. tions that come with city living. With no such World Cup for Hansen, two-time world player the Barretts are winners. Their entire lives have We got used to doing those skills because you thing as a PlayStation in the house, all their free of the year Beauden and the versatile Jordie been spent mastering this game. In one way or never really know what position you are going time was spent outside with the neighbouring could shake up New Zealand rugby at fran- another they have been “bred” for their roles. to end up in or how your body may develop. In kids in the field. Even if it wasn’t rugby, count- chise level. The former has already joined the As the oldest of the All Blacks sibling trio at 28, the country, there isn’t a whole lot more to do less games of soccer and cricket were presum- Blues from the Hurricanes in what has been Beauden will be hopeful of playing in at least except play sport. When you do it over a period ably invaluable in developing potent hand-eye described as the biggest coup in Super Rugby one more World Cup after September. With of several years you are really going to develop coordination. history. The Auckland team are hopeful that Jordie only 22, prepare to see this family name your balls skills.” All Blacks coach Steve Hansen has himself his younger brother, tipped by some to mature around for a while yet. 4 Supplement to Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Sport & Games

JDE 193 THE ORIGINAL SOUTH AFRICAN CRYPTIC CROSSWORD by George Euvrard EPL gears up Across Down 1 Who edged, hedged, and 2 After bull and unknown weeded? (4) information, I chant, bringing in 4 Band is broke, see, or broken life-giving element (11) (10) 3 Appealing whiff but not adored 9 Pry about country before CIA unfortunately (9) for the season somehow gets lighter (10) 4 No support without tjommie? (7) 10 Notes resting place (4) 5 They believe in being present, 11 Stop drinking cola and get rid number one, on most important of carbon? (6) agendas (15) 12 Raged and wrote, “Destroy!” 6 Cry out about old demand (7) We assess the strengths, and weaknesses, of the (4,4) 7 Tokyo is confused with this 14 Bring reduced Zim and our city (5) six top teams ahead of the league’s 28th edition country together (4) 8 Killed in American city immersed 15 Small and medium pictures in in evil (5) Eyaaz Matwadia are world class. The zest provided flyer (4,6) 13 Office arrest is beyond the pale by Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang and 17 Purifying lift develops with (5-6) he English Premier Alexandre Lacazette in attack is, in helping (10) 16 Come back into Zaire, tail a League (EPL) kicks off fact, the only element in favour of 20 Precious wife surrounded with terrorist, and fight back (9) on August 9 at Anfield, Arsenal’s chances of reaching a top- support (4) 18 Hallelujah! Communist changes Ta stadium that arguably four place. 21 Paint, say, Goya’s heartless direction and becomes a hosted the most exciting Hades (8) reformer (7) Solutions and explanations football last season. For Liverpool, Manchester United 23 Paleisheuwel Kommando 19 The earth’s dark - neighbour can be found at mg.co.za/ their manager Jürgen Klopp will Six years back, favourites. Now, housed in this place (6) offers fresh dream (3,4) crossword be looking to push on from the 97 favourites for sixth place. The Red 24 Damn fire won’t start (4) 21 The criminal in charge of moral points his side managed last season, Devils have bolstered their back- 25 Undisciplined spoiled BAs can principles (5) and secure a first Premier League line with Aaron Wan-Bissaka, but be thrown out (10) 22 Grand tower creates shade (5) title for the Kop. desperately need Harry Maguire 26 Business representative, a to come through the door to help Randburg leader, is performing Go to ‘JDE’ on facebook for Liverpool solve their defensive frailties. The with distinction (10) discussion and solutions to The Merseyside outfi t have the best supremely gifted Paul Pogba’s 27 Messes up features, but right every JDE crossword, and centre-back in the world and two future continues to hang in the for area (4) talk or stalk! explosive full-backs, so any fi ne tun- balance. Some United fans would ing of their defence is not a matter prefer to see Pogba leave, but oth- of urgency. The Liverpool midfi eld ers believe the team should be built should be a point of concern. It is around him. Fortunately, United built around the likes of Fabinho, have lost none of their proven stars, QUICK CROSSWORD Georginio Wijnaldum and James have a host of exciting youngsters Across Down Milner and it’s in this area that the banging at the door and seem on the 1 Persuade by flattery (4-4) 1 Sporting team (4) Champions League winners often cusp of adding at least one exciting 5 Impulse (4) 2 Units of measurement for water found themselves short on numbers. midfielder. Whether Pogba stays, 9 Piece of information (5) depth (7) In attack Liverpool could do with Ole Gunnar Solskjaer must fi nd the 10 Chic (7) 3 One of last four left in an alternate to Roberto Firmino. As same rhythm he found in his hon- 11 Sweet maker (12) competition (12) a false nine, “Bobby” plays the role eymoon period when he received 13 Agreement (6) 4 White wine region of northeast of the brains between Mohamed the job as interim manager last sea- 14 Ukrainian naval base (6) France (6) Salah and Sadio Mané, but he is not son if United are to challenge for a 17 Able to keep thieves out (7-5) 6 Rule (5) guaranteed to get the club the 15 to Champions League spot. 20 Vivid red (7) 7 Light and delicate (8) 20 goals a season they need from a 21,22,23 Loneliness parents 8 Plate over end of a chamber in a player in that position. Tottenham Hotspur feel when their children leave reciprocating engine (8,4) After being so close to silverware home (5,4,8) 12 Watchtower over a castle gate Chelsea last season, Tottenham Hotspur — bin a crab (anag) (8) Heading into the new season, will attempt to get at least one tro- 15 Sign of the zodiac (7) Chelsea have lost their best player phy in their cabinet. The cleanout 16 Small opening (6) in Eden Hazard. They also have an promised by Spurs seems well under 18 Bridle straps (5) ageing squad and a transfer ban. way, with Kieran Trippier out the 19 Cowshed (4) The positives are that the back- door and Danny Rose likely to fol- line and midfi eld are fairly settled. low. Some defensive signings to sup- 14, 667 It’s the frontline that will prove to port the excellent Jan Vertonghen be the Blues’ Achilles heel, with are necessary and may come in the the likes of Ruben Loftus-Cheek, shape of exciting youngster Ryan Callum Hudson-Odoi and Tammy Sessegnon. The signing of Tanguy LAST WEEK’S SOLUTIONS Abraham not nearly in the 20-plus Ndombele, a box-to-box central Quick Crossword 14, 666 Cryptic Crossword JDE 192 goal league of Hazard. From the midfi elder, makes a big diff erence fans’ point of view, having their dar- in the middle of the park for the ling, Frank Lampard, take charge Lilywhites, in addition to Moussa of the club is one way of explor- Sissoko coming off a terrifi c season. ing youth as he did in his time as Up front is the least of Spurs’ wor- Derby County boss, which saw him ries, with a several goal scorers and take them to the English Football playmakers in their ranks. Given League Championship playoff fi nal. this, and the fact that they have The club’s record goal scorer under- managed to keep hold of manager stands Chelsea and its ethos, so it Mauricio Pochettino, Spurs should could either be an exciting fi nish in the top four. season for the Blues or an ultimate fl op. Manchester City How do you improve what cannot be Arsenal bettered? Manchester City are The Gunners could favourites to rack up their have a long season third title in a row. There ahead of them. For might be concerns starters, their back- over the backline line is in shambles. but it is instruc- How to play Sudoku: Place a number from 1 to 9 The midfi eld has lost tive to note that SUDOKU in each empty cell so that each row, each column and a fighter and goal long-standing each 3x3 block contains all the numbers from 1 to 9. scorer in Aaron skipper Vincent Ramsey, and Kompany was LAST WEEK’S SOLUTION while Matteo used spar- Guendouzi and ingly in the Lucas Torreira last title- showed prom- winning sea- ise last season, son. Fernandinho might be 34 there is very lit- years old, but City moved quickly tle evidence to to sign Rodri from Atletico Madrid, suggest they and he will act as the understudy to their Brazilian star. With unbelieva- On the ball: ble depth going forward, City should Tanguy not be troubled in that area. Leroy Ndombele Sané might leave. But with their has signed depth, especially up front, that’s with Spurs where City will look to play much this season of the season. On The Road

Special motoring supplement to the Mail & Guardian • July 26 to August 1 2019

WellRaptor built: The Ford Ranger Raptor is a vehicleaffords that guarantees fun, whether in thesome veld, up hills or when navigating thrilling dongas in our streets. Photo: Oupa Nkosi rides

admittedly some trepidation as to one may even offer “nimble” as a fur- SUVs how the South African market would ther description of the vehicle’s han- react to what to all intents is a pro- dling ability. nounced move towards the American Those clever people at Ford obvi- “truck” styling. The answer is in the ously took extra special care to cater numbers and the Ranger has clawed for the manne who prefer the co-op Beauregard Tromp its way to be among the top two by short pant or jean pant (the brevity sales volume in all but KwaZulu- of these shorts is suggested by the here is a hole on my street. Natal and the Western Cape (they absence of the “s”). Having consider- Intermittent attempts by really, really like hatchbacks there). ation for exposed thighs, the leather the city authorities to deal That’s among all new car sales in seats have soft suede inlays that add Twith this have been in South Africa over the course of a to the ride comfort, regardless of the vain. Instead, it has grown year. No small feat when you’re deal- season. and, further along the left, right ing with a depressed economy that The side-step is a necessity and and right, newer, bigger holes have warrants even greater interroga- chunky enough to comfortably formed, some now more resembling tion of large-scale purchases and an ascend into the cabin without sacri- dongas running the length of two emphasis on value for money. ficing any of that off-road clearance. adjoining blocks. Impromptu stop- And then they decided to make it The final word goes to the kids, and-goes have formed and vehicles even bigger. whose wonder at the sheer pres- ease their way into what has now As has become standard in speci- ence of the vehicle nearly made the become off-road terrain, here on ality bakkies, the Raptor signage is R803 300 price tag ok. Apart from the cusp of Joburg city. The snooze omnipresent though thankfully not Pant worthy: The leather interior, akin to a couch, means you can wear its larger dimensions, there’s a lot button for that extra 10 minutes of overstated. With 283mm of ground the shortest of shorts and still be comfortable of added engineering that has been cherished mid-winter sleep became clearance and a menacing demean- put into this vehicle, especially with a distant memory. our, thanks to flared arches and spe- & Guardian has been bequeathed bility to get anywhere close to the respect to its suspension and brak- And then I got a couch to ferry me cially designed BF Goodrich 33-inch this vehicle, we have used that extra claimed 8.3l/100km fuel economy. ing as opposed to its brethren in the to work. Well, if a couch had bucket tyres, trying to be inconspicuous 10 minutes of snooze time to dive But then again, this is a vehicle Ranger range. And you can feel it. A seats and the menace of a rottweiler, in this vehicle is a bit like Shaquille into the urban dongas. Couch. engineered to have fun with. With bakkie is not just a bakkie like any it’d be the new Ford Ranger Raptor. O’ Neal trying to land a part in The We have escorted one investigative four of its six different terrain modes other, and in that the Raptor has few Ford has to get brownie points for Hobbit. Even in the ubiquitous white journalist to a highveld deepthroat made to deal with adverse condi- peers. investing a further R3-billion into its (one of five standard colours), this rendezvous and cajoled along hill- tions, this is a bakkie that begs you to This weekend we’re going to take Silverton plant in Pretoria. Critically, vehicle makes a statement. Not quite sides, in the dirt and veld. Couch. speed up in the dirt and not to slow it into the bush some more and that means an additional 1 200 jobs. “how’s your mother?” but damn With an impressive-sounding two down for yumps or humps. The hefty do things that’ll likely scare us. We’ll When Ford initially came out with close. litre bi-turbo engine, you wish for a tyres means you feel it on the steer- tell you all about it at mg.co.za/ its current Ranger series there was In the too-short time that the Mail little bit more “go”, hence our ina- ing wheel but in such a fashion that motoring 2 Supplement to Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 On The Road ME AND MY CAR More than power to the curvy Ghia

Luke Feltham

hen the opportunity came Waround for Keith Chetty to own a Volkswagen Karmann Ghia, he didn’t hesitate. “This is my dream car. We had to buy it.” The seller, he reckons, was probably fl ogging the four he owned because he saw his own end in sight. He would die one month after hand- ing it over. “When I fi rst bought it, it was smoking a bit; I overhauled the engine,” Chetty explains. “It came with biscuit tyres — very, very thin tyres. I put on wider tires.” The VW fanatic would also soon discover an annoying snag of owning a vehicle that largely consists of a sin- gle, hand-crafted body. “We had to buy a complete car. The fender was too expensive at the parts store. We bought a complete car for R7 000, cut the piece I needed, welded Good Karmann: Keith Chetty’s dream car, which he restored, is his pride and joy. Photo: Delwyn Verasamy it and resprayed the whole car.” Nearly eight years later, he has no slick, curvy design. “I’ve had plenty that you can slap a sporty design on slowness but emphasised the built the 1 200cc engine in his model is not regrets; his 1961 model supplies a Beetles. If you look at a Beetle, it’s just your car without it being very sporty. quality. “The most economic sports getting him anywhere particularly smooth drive on Sundays and when a Beetle. The Karmann Ghia? People The 40 to 50 horses pumped out car you can buy,” the narrator of one fast on those Sunday drives. he takes it out for car shows. mistake it for a Porsche. The Porsche of its rear engine in no way keep up TV commercial enthuses before the But, again, that’s not why you buy But there is really only one reason 356 that looks very similar to it.” with a Porsche. VW even made light car stutters at a paper wall. “It’s just this car. You buy it because you know to buy a Karmann Ghia. “Just look The sexy, seminal looks are remark- of the fact by producing a self-depre- not the most powerful.” a little bit of history leaves the garage at its style,” he says, referring to the able for giving birth to the concept cating ad campaign that mocked its Even Chetty happily admits that with you on every drive.

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Madeleine Stoltz [email protected] Supplement to Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 3 On The Road G-reat apocalypse companion

SUVs

When the world ends, you’ll want to be in the uber-powerful and luxurious Mercedes Geländewagen

Vishnu Singh

he Mercedes AMG G 63’s development is credited to a suggestion in the late T1970s by the then signifi- cant shareholder of Mer- cedes, the Shah of Iran. Since then, the Geländewagen has carried the leader of the Vatican in what was called Papa G or the Popemobile. It was tested across the world on terrains that included the scorch- ing sands of the Sahara, the frozen wastes of the Arctic Circle and the German coal fields of Brandenburg. As the years have rolled on, the G has received numerous updates and upgrades, from an automatic trans- mission to auxiliary fuel tanks, diff locks and even a woodgrain finish. The current incarnation of the G 63 has lurched into a space of ludi- crous social status and almost deity- like aspirational value; it constantly elicits wolf-whistles and attention G 63 spot: The Mercedes Geländewagen hits all the right notes, even if it is a gas guzzler. Photo: M Tavares from everyone, and I do mean every- one. From my work colleagues who tion to all those bits of information ing comfort control, massage seats, ing forward. It does not hesitate or mostly ignore the avant-garde selec- THE NUMBERS off-road geeks enjoy. There is no air lateral support and inflatable air falter. It out-launches supercars and tion of metal sushi that I drive, to suspension as the designers believed chambers. presents very little body roll for its the production team on the film sets, it would not survive extreme terrain. If that’s not enough, you have a titanic curb weight. Mercedes have R3 017 044 (base model who are used to all manner of deco- Price: ) Leaving Robinson Lake and blast- bouquet of nice smells to suit your taken the old G 63 and transformed rative paraphernalia appearing with Engine: 4.0 Liter V8 Biturbo ing on to the tar road back towards day-to-day driving, mood lighting to it into the ultimate luxury apex me. First-world issues. Power: 430kW nonradioactive civilization, the G 63 soften the harshness of the outside off-road predator. It snarls, snaps, To test the G 63, I head out to Torque: 850Nm handles, turns, stops and impresses world and gearbox that is frankly climbs and will chew through any- Robinson Lake near Krugersdorp, 0-100: 4.3 seconds in every moment. Its thrust is unbelievable as it thumps you past thing you throw at it, such as the ura- where uranium concentrations are ballistic. the 100km/h mark in under 4.5 sec- nium in our soil. Top speed : 221 km/h so bad that the fence around the area All of these bits are thanks to onds. It weighs over 2.5 tons but even If there was one vehicle I would comes with radiation hazard signs. the constant evolution of the with its happy consumption habits, want as my companion at the end of The updated model has had major Geländewagen — its designers have it’s an addictive ride that forces a the world, the AMG G 63 would be it. space updates, which allows me to a car renowned as the place where still managed to stoically adhere to grin, even for the onlookers. It has comfortably scaled the peak carry all the equipment needed to luxury meets offroad performance. the traditional pillars that define The G 63, with all three diffs of luxury, ambience, versatility and survive this post-apocalyptic part of Driving through this changing ter- this vehicle as a piece of history. engaged or not, off- or on-road tyres, presence and can now proudly stand Gauteng. rain, the twin display screens of the The doors need to be slammed hard dominates and scoffs at anything with the best the SUV market has to The area around the lake is a mix truck provide information at an enough to jar your fillings and there that resembles rough terrain. It’s as offer and dominate it with disdainful of hard, yellow earth and rough and alarming rate — from wade depth to is a fire extinguisher under the front effortless as pointing at an incline, ease. bouncy veld — perfect for testing climbing angles and power distribu- seat. Now, though, you have energis- switching on the cameras and striv- It does cost a few bar, however. SECOND TIME ROUND YOUR GUIDE TO BUYING A USED CAR Don’t forget to look under the bonnet

Most of the cars changing hands in in-house vehicle checking system but this doesn’t mean it’s all hunky dory. South Africa are used, outstripping this will often be done only at estab- For example, an expensive repair new car sales over the past three lished dealerships. For everything that may have been suggested by the years on average by 2:1. And buying a in between there are reputable test- manufacturer may not have been secondhand vehicle can be a perilous ing centres such as the Automobile done. The advantage of FSH is that affair. No one wants to be stuck with Association, which now defers all its you can go into any of the specific a car forever in the workshop, stand- inspections to Dekra, for a full tech- manufacturer’s network and ask to ing on blocks, or worse, impounded nical inspection of the vehicle. That’s see a full report on the vehicle. Here by police as evidence for its alleged a check on the body and all mechani- you’ll see listed all work done and, involvement in a cash-in-transit heist cal parts. This will set you back critically, not done. (true story). In this regular column R2 365. That’s not chump change After having gone through all of we will try to help empower those so you may want to offer to pay for this you’d think you’re in the clear. who delve into this market to ensure the inspection, should the vehicle But the 50 663 cars and motorcy- Peace of mind: If you’re buying a used car, be sure to get it properly you get the best bang for your buck, get the all-clear. If not, the bill is for cles stolen in the 2017/18 financial checked by a reputable company. Photo: Siphiwe Sibeko/Reuters no matter what your taste. the seller. Anyone confident of what year suggests not. Too often stolen they’re selling shouldn’t be put off. cars eventually end up being sold in a police and credit check on vehicles The fact that there are now a mul- Vehicle checks The price of a vehicle is often legitimate transactions, leaving the for you. Among these is TransUnion, titude of companies offering to do So you’ve identified the car you want higher when accompanied by three eventual buyer none the wiser until which has developed an app around the proper checks for you is indica- and platitudes have been bestowed simple letters: FSH — full service his- a police roadblock. Another common this and provides you with a police tive of the frequency with which this by the seller as to what a great pur- tory. This indicates that the car has occurrence is the repo man show- check, valuation report, original happens. chase you’re making. One of the most been serviced with the manufacturer ing up at your door demanding the manufacturer information (engine This list of checks is not exhaustive assuring actions is to have the vehi- or, at the very least, by a certified keys for “your” car that actually still number, colour, and so on) and but should hopefully offer greater cle independently checked. Many workshop. Whereas this should con- belongs to a bank. There are now a financing information. The full car peace of mind when entering what popular manufacturers have their ventionally offer some peace of mind, variety of companies that offer to do report will set you back R99. can be perilous terrain. 4 Supplement to Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 On The Road Selfish green commuters annoy Parisians

Anne Chaon fast, with locals and tourists embrac- leled explosion of alternatives. And that’s without mentioning lash, with riders initially dumping ing the growing array of app-based The city has been at the forefront of other private mobility devices such as them randomly on pavements, clut- ith the wind rush- ways to get around. innovation, setting up a pioneering two-wheeled e-hoverboards or elec- tering the curb and creating a nui- ing through their And with climate change bringing bike-share service back in 2007. tric unicycles. sance for pedestrians. hair, they zip past frequent heatwaves and more peak Known as Velib’, it has since been But is there enough space? “I’d like to slap them,” fumes Won bikes, elec- pollution alerts, Paris is beginning to copied across the globe, from London Not according to the taxi drivers, Nordine, a woman in her 40s walking tric scooters and push back against the dominance of to Chicago. who are already infuriated with the through the Marais district, mutter- mono-wheels, effortlessly passing the car. Then came the Autolib’ electric car- growing demands on their space and ing furiously about “the lack of public lines of hot and bothered drivers Not only is the city upgrading its sharing scheme which was followed the planned 1 000km of bike lanes spirit”. stuck in the endless Paris traffic. public transport system offering of by a flood of dockless bikes and then that are due to be completed by 2020. “Paris is a great playing field but the In the French capital, the new inter-urban trains, buses and the e-scooters exploded on to the streets The estimated 15 000 e-scooters on space is saturated. They need to bring mobility revolution has caught on metro, it is also enjoying an unparal- in the summer of 2018. the streets have also triggered a back- it back down to two or three opera- tors, like San Francisco, which has just two,” says Christophe Najdovski, the city’s deputy mayor responsible for transport. At its height, Paris had 13 companies running scooter fleets, but that number dropped to about seven earlier this month after the city brought in a raft of demands for operators. Every day, there are about 41-million trips made in the Paris region, of which 15-million are by car and 10-million by public transport. Today, just over a third — 37% — of Parisian homes have a car, and that drops to one in five in the city centre, accord- ing to the mayor’s office. Since July 1, all diesel vehicles registered before 2006 have been banned from entering the city, but should the authorities go further and shut the entire city centre to cars? “The priority is to ena- ble city dwellers to get around,” says Jean-Pierre Orfeuil, an engineer who specialises in urban mobility. “Generally speaking, those who are using these new means of transport are people who used to use the metro,” he said. “So they haven’t played a role in easing the traffic.” To get away from fuel- powered vehicles, the focus should be on elec- tric bikes, which could potentially help those living in the suburbs, he says. But even there, the infrastructure is lacking. “In France, we are two or three times worse off than Germany or the Netherlands” in terms of the number of electric bikes, he said. But these new forms of transport don’t work for everyone, most notably those with families. And for many, the car is a private space akin to their living room which offers a certain form of intimacy, says Orfeuil. For Mireille Apel- Muller, a sociologist who heads the City on the Move Institute, mobility is about more than just transport. “It’s a way of life,” she said. “All these new forms of transport require a smartphone and appli- cations which you have to master. Otherwise, it becomes exclusive.” — AFP M &G SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES Sponsored supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019

Dube TradePort is the only facility in Africa that brings together an international airport, cargo terminal, warehousing, offices, retail sector, hotels and agricultural area. An artist’s im- presssion of the Saldanha Bay IDZ , which will serve as the primary oil, gas and marine repair engineering and logistics services complex in Africa. Photos: Supplied South African Special Economic Zones Programme

ne of the critical tools for lenges confronting the country’s economy, investors with better economic threshold billion. The number of direct jobs has also accelerating the country’s goals and key drivers, cross-cutting meas- with respect to a balanced social and eco- increased from 13 466 to 15 737. The num- industrial development ures as well as sector-specific measures nomic infrastructure, as well as transport ber of signed but non-operational inves- O agenda is the new Special that are critical to drive the country’s and logistics networks. Communities in tors is currently estimated to be 61, with a Economic Zone (SEZ) Pro- industrial and economic agenda. regions hosting SEZs also benefit signifi- total investment value of R33.64-billion. gramme, which was mandated by the SEZ More importantly, the implementation cantly from the private and public sector Among all SEZs, Coega SEZ continues to Act, proclaimed in February, 9, 2016. SEZs of the country’s industrial development investments, which often results in earn- play a leading role as the country’s lead- are a tool to help: agenda requires adaptable, effective and ings above national average, higher stand- ing SEZ in terms of key corporate perfor- (i) promote industrial agglomeration; efficient instruments that are responsive ards of living, increased employment, and mance indicators. In the FY2018/19, Coega (ii) build the required industrial to the strategic needs of the host region, reduced poverty and inequality. In addi- SEZ currently has 45 operational inves- infrastructure; investors and other strategic stakeholders. tion, SEZs tend to attract special manage- tors worth a combined investment value (iii) promote co-ordinated planning To this end, the government has developed rial and technical talent from around the of R11.579-billion. The Dube TradePort among key government agencies and the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) policy and world into the host regions. This facilitates in KZN has 35 operational investors with private sector; and legislation (Special Economic Zone Act No. the transfer of skills to the citizens of the a value of R1.8-billion, with 3 331 direct (iv) guide the deployment of other neces- 16 of 2014) as one of the key instruments host regions. Small, medium and micro jobs created. The SEZ boasts a pipeline of sary development tools. to accelerate the implementation of its enterprises in the host regions can also 36 investments with an estimated value of industrialisation agenda. The programme easily be integrated into the value chains R10.2-billion. This includes MaraPhone, Background has been designed to attract foreign and developed through and in the zones. which is a R1.3-billion investment that The majority of economically successful domestic direct investments to the desig- The Special Economic Zones Programme will provide an estimated 1 500 jobs over countries across the globe have used indus- nated zones and host regions; expand the is increasingly becoming the main driver five years. Saldanha Bay in the Western trialisation as the preferred route towards manufacturing sector as a critical founda- of foreign direct investment in South Cape, which will focus on the oil and gas sustainable economic development. South tion to grow both the primary and second- Africa. At the moment, operational invest- industry, has 12 signed leased agreements, Africa’s industrial development agenda is ary economic activities in the economy; ments in all SEZs amounts to just over R19- which total to an investment size of just informed by a realisation that industrial grow and diversify value-added exports; billion, while secured but not yet opera- over R3-billion. Five of these investors development offers the most sustainable create sustainable and decent jobs in the tional investments amount to R43-billion include joint investment projects between route towards economic prosperity and host regions; and enhance innovation, (excluding the R40-billion for the Energy South African and international investors success. This is clearly articulated in our attraction, development and retention of and Metallurgical Zone in Musina). from the United Kingdom, Europe, the National Industrial Policy Framework talent and knowledge. A summary of the performance of the Middle East and Africa, with the rest being (NIPF), Industrial Policy Action Plan SEZs are extremely useful to investors as zones 100% local South African projects. (IPAP) and National Development Plan they receive tax and financial incentives Despite the depressed global economic Additionally, due to the support provided (NDP). These important policy and strat- that are not available to investors out- climate, the designated SEZs have shown by government, the newly approved SEZs egy documents outline a number of chal- side designated zones. They also provide impressive progress in terms of the num- have also attracted a significant number ber of investors operating in the zones. of secured but not yet operational invest- More importantly, there has also been a ments. The below table shows the number significant increase in the number and of signed investors that are currently in value of secured but not operational invest- different stages of development. Some of ments. Between Q1 of the 2018/19 and Q1 the 19 investors are already building infra- of the 2019/20 financial years, the num- structure on the ground. ber of operational investors in designated SEZs has increased from 110 to 122, with an investment value sitting at over R19- To page 2

Name of the SEZ Year of Total Size Signed Estimated designation (Ha) investors Investment value Saldanha Bay (WC) 2013 356 8 R3.8-billion OR Tambo (GP) 2002 7.5 4 R361-million Maluti-a-Phofung SEZ (FS) 2014 1 039 3 R440-million Musina-Makhado (LP) 2018 7 262 9 $14.1-billion Nkomazi SEZ (MP) 2019 155 N/A N/A
2 Sponsored supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Special Economic Zones South African Special Economic Zones Programme

From page 2

1. LIST OF DESIGNATED SEZs South Africa has the following 10 Special Economic Zones located in seven provinces.

Coega SEZ (Eastern Cape) The Coega IDZ is the largest in Southern Africa. It was designated in 2001 and An artist’s impresssion of the Saldanha became South Africa’s first IDZ. It is stra- Bay IDZ , which will serve as the primary tegically located in the Nelson Mandela oil, gas and marine repair engineering Bay Metropolitan Municipality on the East- and logistics services complex in Africa. West trade route, to service both world and Photos: Supplied African markets. The Coega IDZ leverages public-sector investment to attract foreign and domestic direct investment in the man- ufacturing sector, with an export orienta- tion. The IDZ has attracted investment in the agro-processing, automotive, aquacul- of greater regional plans to unlock invest- ture, energy, metals logistics and business ment and economic growth, and to address process services sectors. This has advanced the development of skills and employment. socioeconomic development in the Eastern Newly built infrastructure enables full utili- Cape through skills development, technol- sation of the area’s unique combination of ogy transfer and job creation. mineral endowments and supports indus- tries in the full-value chains for mineral Richards Bay SEZ (KwaZulu-Natal) beneficiation, agro-processing and light The Richards Bay IDZ is a purpose-built and industrial manufacturing. secure industrial estate on the north-eastern The strategic location of the SEZ and its South African coast. The N2 business cor- close proximity to the main land-based ridor links the province’s two major ports, route into SADC and the African continent, Durban and Richards Bay, connects with together with supporting incentives and Maputo in Mozambique and, ultimately, production service companies operating in ing a convenient production base for light a good logistics backbone, will make it the areas of east Africa. It is linked to the inter- the oil and gas fields off sub-Saharan Africa. and medium manufacturing. With excel- location of choice for investment in the min- national sea port of Richards Bay, tailored Situated approximately two hours north of lent logistics links by road or rail to South eral beneficiation, agro-processing and pet- for the manufacturing and storage of min- Cape Town, the SBIDZ will include logistics, Africa’s industrial heartland, the Port of rochemical industries. erals and products to boost beneficiation, repairs and maintenance, and fabrication Durban and the southern Bloemfontein- investment, economic growth and, most activities. Cape Town route, the SEZ is a natural choice Atlantis SEZ (Western Cape) importantly, the development of skills and for investors seeking a cost-effective loca- The Atlantis SEZ is part of the City of Cape employment. First-world infrastructure Dube Tradeport SEZ (KwaZulu-Natal) tion to service domestic and export markets. Town’s initiative taken in 2011 to establish allows for full exploitation of the area’s Dube TradePort is a catalyst for global trade In addition, the SEZ intends building on a greentech manufacturing hub in Atlantis. natural and strategic advantages. Through and a portal between KwaZulu-Natal and existing strengths to attract agro-processing Situated on the West Coast of South Africa, the superb industrial infrastructure, well- the world. It is the only facility in Africa that industries to an area that has good access to 40km from Cape Town, the Atlantis SEZ established network of shipments, and tax- brings together an international airport, the products of the agriculturally rich Free (ASEZ) capitalises on the province’s already and duty-free incentives, the IDZ aims to cargo terminal, warehousing, offices, retail State. It harbours intentions of acting as an booming renewable energy and green tech- encourage international competitiveness sector, hotels and agricultural area. Located agglomeration, storage and logistics point nology sector. The hub has already attracted and attract export-orientated manufactur- 30km north of Durban, Dube TradePort for agricultural produce. Owned by the its first large greentech investor, Gestamp ing investment. is positioned between the two biggest sea Free State Development Corporation, this Renewable Industries (GRI). A wind tower ports of Southern Africa, and is linked to the site has existing facilities that can be leased manufacturer, GRI has already invested and East London SEZ (Eastern Cape) rest of Africa by road and rail. immediately, and is currently upgrading is in full-scale production. Innovation, efficiency, growth and sus- both the internal road and utility infrastruc- tainability are key to the East London IDZ Areas that have been designated as ture to meet expected demand. Nkomazi SEZ (Mpumulanga) (ELIDZ). Established in 2003, as part of the IDZ are the Dube TradeZone and The Nkomazi SEZ is located in the Nkomazi the South African Government initiative to the Dube AgriZone. OR Tambo IDZ (Gauteng) local municipality in the eastern part of improve industrial competitiveness and eco- The Dube TradeZone focuses on manufac- The OR Tambo IDZ aims to develop land Ehlanzeni district municipality of the nomic growth in the country, the zone has turing and value-addition primarily for around OR Tambo International Airport to Mpumalanga province. The sector that the become a prime industrial park, renowned automotive, electronics and fashion gar- stimulate economic development through Nkomazi SEZ is focusing on is agro-pro- for its customised solutions for various ments. The facility involves warehousing, the use of the IDZ mechanism. The OR cessing and logistics, with the objective to industries, including automotive, agro-pro- manufacturing, assembling real estate Tambo IDZ supports the growth of the ben- provide support for the establishment of a cessing and aquaculture. The ELIDZ offers resources, complete with a single facility eficiation of precious metals and minerals range of logistic support infrastructure for growth-oriented companies a specialised in which all freight-forwarders and ship- sector, with a focus on light, high-margin, transport, warehousing facilities, agro-pro- manufacturing platform, innovative indus- pers are located (Dube TradeHouse), which export-oriented manufacturing of South cessing and logistics facilities, automotive trial and business solutions, and access enjoys a direct link to the adjacent Dube African precious and semiprecious stones. and the mining and mineral industries of to new markets and strategic industry Cargo Terminal via an elevated cargo con- The multi-site development at OR Tambo South Africa. networks. veyor system. IDZ consists of several industry-specific pre- The ELIDZ is located in Buffalo City, the The Dube AgriZone is a high-tech, future- cincts and will be developed in phases over a 2. SEZ tax incentives municipal area that incorporates Bhisho, farming facility that hosts the continent’s 10- to 15-year period. To complement the department of trade the province’s capital, and King William’s largest climate-controlled growing area and industry’s SEZ strategy, a package of Town. It is one of the first IDZs in South under glass and focuses on high-value, niche Musina/Makhado SEZ (Limpopo) tax incentives will be available to companies Africa to be operational and is an ideal agricultural and horticultural products. The The Musina/Makhado SEZ comprises two locating in certain SEZs, subject to specific choice for the location of exported manufac- AgriLab researches specialised tissue cul- geographical locations that address unique criteria. The tax incentives that companies turing and processing, providing investors ture, greenhouses, and flowers and plants, industrial clusters. The site in Musina tar- may qualify for include VAT and customs with connections to major markets, locally all of which require swift air transportation. gets the light industrial and agro-processing relief if located within a Customs-Controlled and across the globe. clusters, while the Makhado site is a metal- Area (CCA), an employment tax incentive, a Maluti-A-Phofung SEZ (Free State) lurgical/mineral beneficiation complex. A building allowance and reduced corporate Saldanha Bay SEZ (Western Cape) Maluti-A-Phofung SEZ in Harrismith, Free third site has been identified to target the income tax rate. President Jacob Zuma launched the State, lies at the mid-point of the crucial petrochemical industries. The design and eligibility criteria for each Saldanha Bay IDZ (SBIDZ) in the Western Durban-Johannesburg logistics route. This The SEZ is strategically located along the incentive seeks to strike a balance between Cape in October 2013 and handed over the newly established SEZ offers exporters a N1 north-south route into the Southern achieving the objectives of higher levels of operator permit. It is envisioned that this logistics base that facilitates access to the African Development Community (SADC), investment, growth and employment crea- IDZ will serve as the primary oil, gas and Port of Durban, and intermodal logistics very close to the border between South tion, and ensuring that the incentives are marine repair engineering and logistics ser- solutions for the transfer of freight between Africa and Zimbabwe. It forms part of appropriately targeted for efficiency pur- vices complex in Africa, servicing the needs road and rail. The zone is well-suited and the Trans-Limpopo Spatial Development of the upstream oil exploration industry and licensed for general manufacturing, offer- Initiative and has been developed as part To page 3 Sponsored supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 3 Special Economic Zones South African Special Economic Zones Programme

From page 2 Building allowance Businesses operating within approved SEZs poses, while minimising any deadweight (after approval by the minister of finance, loss to the fiscus. after consultation with the minister of trade Business located within a CCA will qualify and industry) will be eligible for an accel- for VAT and customs relief (similar to that erated depreciation allowance on capital for the current IDZs). The employment tax structures (buildings). The special rate of incentive will be available to businesses capital (depreciation) allowances in lieu located in any SEZ. Businesses operating of normal allowances will be available for within approved SEZs (by the minister of erecting or improving buildings and other finance, after consultation with the minister fixed structures. This rate will equal 10% per of trade and industry) will be eligible for two annum over 10 years. additional tax incentives. Firstly, all such businesses can claim accelerated deprecia- Reduced corporate income tax rate tion allowances on capital structures (build- Certain companies will qualify for a reduced ings) and, secondly, certain companies corporate income tax rate of 15%, instead of (carrying on qualifying activities within an the current 28% headline rate. To qualify, approved SEZ) will benefit from a reduced the following conditions must be satisfied: Creating positive corporate tax rate (15% instead of 28%). • The company must be located in a SEZ that is approved by the minister of finance; VAT and customs relief • It must be incorporated or effectively Companies located within a CCA will be eli- managed in South Africa; gible for VAT and customs relief, as per the • At least 90% of the income must be current IDZs. derived from the carrying on of business or solutions for Characteristics of a CCA include the provision of services within that SEZ; and following: • The company must not be engaging in • Import duty rebate and VAT exemption activities listed in the Government Gazette on imports of production-related raw mate- No. 39930. rials, including machinery and assets, to be used in production with the aim of export- New SEZs South Africa ing the finished products; In addition to the approved list of Special • VAT suspension under specific condi- Economic Zones, the department of trade tions for supplies procured in South Africa; and industry continues to plan for the new The Gauteng Special Economic Zone supports the and SEZs in other provinces with a view to development of business and jobs • Efficient and expedited customs expand the industrialisation in South Africa. administration. The new proposed SEZs include Bojanala SEZ in North West and Namakwa SEZ in More information on CCAs can be Northern Cape, Science and High-Tech and pecial Economic Zones (SEZs) are areas set aside for the development of found on the SARS website www. Automotive SEZs in Gauteng, Tubatse SEZ specific, targeted economic activities that are designed to further economic sars.gov.za in Limpopo as well as Wild Coast SEZ in development and growth in the country. These growth engines are part of the the Eastern Cape. The below map depicts Sgovernment’s strategic objectives for industrialisation, regional development Employment tax incentive the list of proposed SEZs that are currently and employment creation. All employers of low-salaried employees underway. (below R60 000 per annum) in any SEZ will Chief executive of the Gauteng SEZ Seipati Mangadi explains: “The primary goal be entitled to the employment tax incentive Conclusion of the government is to establish optimum conditions for private initiatives to (ETI). This is to encourage employers to hire The current work package on Special develop businesses and create positive externalities. These include export develop- young and less experienced work seekers. Economic Zones in centred around the full ment and diversification, supply chain development, higher value economic activi- However, the employee age restriction will implementation of the programme. But ties, sustainable job creation and inclusive wealth creation.” not apply to SEZs. It reduces an employer’s more importantly, the focus is on invest- cost of hiring people through a cost-sharing ment promotion and marketing of SEZs, This is just one part of the Gauteng SEZ that aims to contribute towards the reali- mechanism with government, while leaving building of critical infrastructure, institu- sation of radical economic transformation, the modernisation of the economy and the wage the employee receives unaffected. tional development and capacity building the re-industrialisation of Gauteng. Another aspect of the venture that is of critical The employer can claim the ETI and reduce of municipalities and provinces, planning importance to the South African economy is employment. The Gauteng SEZ has the amount of Pay-As-You-Earn (PAYE) and designation of new SEZs, stakeholder directly influenced job creation in the region, with more than 3 000 jobs created tax payable by the amount of the total mobilisation and management as well as over three different precincts. ETI calculated in respect of all qualifying continuous improvements of policies and employees. strategies. The OR Tambo International Airport SEZ has its value proposition centred around its competitive location and its proximity to the airport. The ORTIA is located in a prime are for regional development and provides local and interna- tional companies with a gateway into the region. It allows for them to take advan- tage of numerous incentives offered by the programme and the location of the zone. This SEZ is focused on the manufacturing and export of high-value, low-mass prod- ucts. Alongside these initiatives, the SEZ is focused on taking the city’s economic development aspirations forward so it can become an Aerotropolis.

“Over the next few years we are working on the development of the southern pre- cinct in the first phase of development,” says Mangadi. “The pipeline commitment is above 90% of occupation and construction is planned to start within the current financial year, subject to budget commitments and tender outcomes. We will also be working on the development of precincts two and three, and both of the com- mercial cases for these precincts are at an advanced stage.”

The SEZ provides organisations with incentives to participate, encouraging their growth and the knock-on effect this has on the region and its citizens. Some of the incentives include: a reduced corporate tax of 15%, a building tax allowance, an employment tax incentive, and other tax allowances. The SEZ is also set to be a duty-free Customs Controlled Area that has VAT exemption.

“The land is serviced to shorten the period for top structure development and we provide infrastructure funding support from the department of trade and indus- try SEZ fund,” concludes Mangadi. “Skills and supplier development are provided through an already established and successful skills development programme to support technical skills proficiency.”

CREDITS The programme across ORTIA allows for skilled artisans, entrepreneurs and busi- Head of Sales, Supplements & Commercial Projects: Chrystal Dryding [email protected] ness people to explore new opportunities that allow for growth in both industry Head of Content: Supplements & Commercial Projects Zamantungwa Khumalo and employment. There have already been significant results that continue to help Copy subeditor Derek Davey the socioeconomic development in the region. Design & Layout Russel Benjamin Sales Sybil Otterstrom [email protected] 4 Sponsored supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019

A great location for green tech manufacturing

The Atlantis Special Economic Zone (SEZ) for If you are a manufacturer, service provider Green Technologies is located on the West or supplier to green tech value chains, the Coast of South Africa, in the Cape Town Metro. SEZ may be a great place to locate. It offers The zone is dedicated to the manufacturing the benefits of co-location, access to strong and provision of services in the green tech markets, a development-ready area, great space. Wind turbines, solar panels, insulation, support and incentives, and an attractive skills biofuels, electric vehicles, materials recycling base to recruit from. and green building materials are examples of green tech that are welcomed.

www.atlantissez.com

To find our more, contact Jarrod Lyons, Investment Facilitator, [email protected]. Sponsored supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 5 Advertorial The OR Tambo Special Economic Zone

This development is creating thousands of much-needed jobs

outh Africa has the largest skills base in mineral beneficiation on the African continent, supported Sby years of mining gold, diamonds and other precious and semipre- cious stones. Skills in this industry are also being enhanced through various skills devel- opment initiatives, including the OR Tambo SEZ’s own skills programme designed to enhance jewellery, diamond and platinum group metal beneficiation. South African firms are ranked as first in Africa for their skills and quality products, and the sector plays a significant role in terms of job crea- tion. Gauteng was awarded a permit to develop the Industrial Development Special Economic Zone at OR Tambo International Airport in 2010. The Gauteng Industrial Development Zone Company (Gauteng IDZ) is a subsidiary of the Gauteng Growth and Development Agency that was estab- lished to develop and operate the designated Industrial Development Zone at OR Tambo International Airport. The strategic intent of the Gauteng IDZ is to identify, design, pack- age and secure domestic or foreign invest- ment in the manufacturing and exporting of products through OR Tambo International. The underlying vision of the Gauteng IDZ is economic development, which includes over 15 000 direct and indirect jobs; an over R1-billion contribution to the country’s exports; R300-billion in revenue projections; return on investment within a 10-year hori- zon; increased exports through OR Tambo International; and enhanced technical skills, supported by a successful skills development A birds-eye view of OR Tambo International Airport. Photo: Supplied programme. The value proposition is centred on OR Tambo International, Africa’s largest air- infrastructure funding for the development fresh food products and jewellery and dia- ment project and heralded the opening of port with the capacity to handle 400 000 of bulk and top structure, resulting in lower mond manufacturing. the world’s second largest refrigeration plant tonnes of cargo and more than 21-million rental rates being offered to the market, and The OR Tambo precinct expansion phase and the biggest food processing operation in passengers per year. The Special Economic duty-free imports of raw materials or equip- is sector-focused on perishables such as food the southern hemisphere. This investment of Zone (SEZ) is located within reach of a large ment utilised for production in the SEZ. Tax and medicine; advanced component manu- R400-million will stimulate real economic skills base, with high-end skills in food pro- deductions are offered for projects above facturing (avionics, electronics); and tertiary growth in the province of Gauteng, creating cessing and packaging as well as aerospace R200-million, and a lower corporate tax of metals processing. Investors and tenants that over 600 direct jobs and sustaining a further manufacturing. The SEZ was established to 15% instead of the standard 28% is proposed are already on board include agro-processing 5 000 jobs throughout the agricultural value support industrial development in Gauteng for companies housed within the SEZ. There company In2foods Group factory; multina- chain. province, with a specific focus on export-ori- is also exemption from value-added tax for tional diamond company Diacore; Julius The state-of-the-art In2Foods Group fac- ented, value-added industry in Ekurhuleni. goods produced in the zone for export. Klein Diamonds; Schachter & Namdar South tory is 22 708 square metres in size and is The SEZ is part of the Ekurhuleni OR Tambo All employers operating in a designated African Diamonds; and the world’s leading located on 3.5 hectares of land located in the Aerotropolis, with a high development SEZ are entitled to access the employ- diamond company, the De Beers Group. northern precinct of the OR Tambo SEZ, plac- concentration. ment tax incentive, which helps to reduce The Gauteng IDZ has conceptualised and is ing In2Foods Group at the heart of Africa’s The SEZ is a major contributor to South the employer’s cost through a cost-sharing planning for the establishment of a Jewellery best transport and logistics hub. In2Food’s Africa’s industrial output and GDP. Gauteng mechanism with government. There is provi- Manufacturing Precinct (JMP) on land iden- new plant has been developed to the quality has the largest skills base in South Africa; it sion of working capital loans through a met- tified for such purposes within the OR Tambo specifications of Woolworths, which it has has 24% of the country’s population, with als financing scheme. Businesses operating precinct. The development of the JMP pro- been supplying for over 28 years. In2Food the largest disposal income. It is the second- within approved SEZs will be eligible for an vides for specific work streams and pack- will also be exporting their products to other largest inland depot in the world, and is accelerated depreciation allowance on capi- ages, including the design and development markets such as the United Kingdom. the financial capital of Africa. Gauteng is tal structures (buildings) at a rate equal to of bulk infrastructure, enablement works “In the last five years, the province of the home of the JSE, the 17th-largest stock 10% per annum over 10 years. and top infrastructure, as well as tenant and Gauteng attracted foreign direct invest- exchange in the world by assets. OR Tambo The OR Tambo SEZ is open to investors investor attraction. ment to the tune of R199-billion and created is a well-positioned logistics and distribution who are looking to manufacture in Africa Regarding infrastructure development, more than 30 000 jobs,” said Gauteng pre- hub for air cargo internationally and within for export to other parts of Africa or even a mixed-use master plan has already been mier David Makhura during his 2019 budget the region; 82% of South Africa’s air cargo globally, who have a bankable project, who finalised for the development of 30 295 speech. The OR Tambo SEZ has been a major comes through this airport. are looking to be located in the heartbeat of square metres of infrastructure space, which contributor to this. OR Tambo International is Africa’s largest Africa’s economy, and are in the high-value, includes: industry-specific facilities for pre- and busiest airport, with excellent infrastruc- low-mass business. cious metal and gold beneficiation, located ture and connectivity to the rest of the region The Special Economic Zone is a phased in a highly secure customs-controlled area and the world. The SEZ offers ease of access campus development, with construction (CCA), where jewellery manufacturing and to Africa’s more than 200-million consumers already underway. It has high security and beneficiation can take place. The CCA will be through its connectivity capabilities. The SEZ confirmed reliability of basic services such effectively managed in line with Sars proce- has competitive rental lease rates, with access as electricity and water. Tenants secured in dures and guidelines and there will be space to incentives. the first phase have been operational since for the beneficiation process and business The Special Economic Zone has incen- February 2019. The first phase comprises 7.5 services. An investor support services plat- tives packaged to support foreign or domes- hectares located within the property bounda- form is located in the multi-commodities cen- tic direct investment. With the support of ries of the airport; the focus is on high-value, tre of the JMP, known as the one-stop shop. the department of trade and industry’s SEZ low-mass production for export, specifically April 5 2019 marked the launch of a suc- fund, designated SEZs can apply for grant in the processing, packaging and export of cessful public-private partnership invest- www.gidz.co.za 6 Sponsored supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Special Economic Zones

The youth of Atlantis has benefited from training, mentoring and exposure to greentech due to the Special Economic Zone there. Photo: Supplied Atlantis Special Economic Zone for Green Technology: Where greentech grows

n December 6 2018, the Atlantis the Special Economic Zones Advisory Board Special Economic Zone (ASEZ) was satisfied with the rationale and scale of was officially launched by Presi- Atlantis is uniquely positioned for development and economic opportunities in the region, and Odent Cyril Ramaphosa. This prior- the SEZ is ensuring that this happens recommended that the minister designate the ity development node is situated proposed area and grant a SEZ licence to the approximately 40km north of the Cape Town Western Cape provincial department of eco- CBD, and 76km south of Saldanha Bay. It lies nomic development and tourism. On December between the N7 to Namibia and the R27 West It is expected that the zone will attract a fur- Creating an environment for regional 6 2018, the ASEZ was officially launch by Coast Road. ther R3.7-billion of investment by manufactur- economic development Ramaphosa. The president described Special Economic ers of wind blades, smart meters, batteries, elec- Owing to its strategic location and envisaged Provincially, the zone complements the Zones as manufacturing hubs for the entire tric vehicles, wind turbines, solar PV, and by growth, the ASEZ is demonstrating its potential Western Cape Government Green Economy African continent, capable of reaching and ser- other players in the waste, agri-processing, gas to contribute towards regional economic and Strategy Framework, and the City of Cape vicing a rapidly growing market for goods and and chemicals value chains. The goal is to cre- spatial development. Here are some key ways Town’s Atlantis 2023 strategy. services. The Atlantis SEZ is expected to grow ate nearly 3 000 direct jobs in the zone by 2030. in which the ASEZ contributes to growth in the the greentech sector in the Western Cape more In addition to jobs and investments, the peo- region: Why would investors want to invest in broadly, and revitalise Atlantis as a key indus- ple of Atlantis have also benefited in a number • Supporting the growth of the West Coast the Atlantis SEZ? trial node in the region. of other ways. Development Corridor through strategic posi- There are strong and growing South African Greentech refers to green technologies that Skills development has been prioritised to tioning, linking the Saldanha Bay SEZ, Port of and African markets for greentech. The South reduce or reverse the impact of people on the ensure local skills meet the needs of industry Saldanha, Atlantis SEZ, Port of Cape Town and African greentech manufacturing market planet. Wind turbines, solar panels, insulation, located in the area. To this end, the youth has the economic nodes in the City of Cape Town. is worth at least R5-billion, with a growing biofuels, electric vehicles, materials recycling benefited from training, mentoring, exposure • Contributing to the achievement of the greentech market in the neighbouring coun- and green building materials are all examples to greentech, and participation in the annual national, provincial and city green economy tries. South Africa has opportunities in energy, of green technology. Atlantis Renewable Energy Challenge and vision through green industrialisation and waste, agriculture, transport and other sectors career expo, all of which will potentially help manufacturing. and is a great entry point to the SADC market. The impact of investment in the Atlantis them tap into greentech job opportunities • Enabling the socioeconomic development Atlantis is a great location and development SEZ emerging from the Atlantis SEZ. In 2018, 88 leg of the National Development Plan (NDP) by ready. Ninety-three hectares of zoned City of Situated on South Africa’s West Coast, the learners received tutoring through the Atlantis supporting three NDP Strategic Infrastructure Cape Town land is available for leasing to inves- Atlantis SEZ capitalises on the Western Cape Ikamva Youth Programme; 81% of grade 12 Projects (SIPs) — SIPs eight, nine and 10 — tors. Bulk infrastructure is in place and Atlantis province’s already booming renewable energy learners passed their matric exams, with 68% which focus on greening the South African has new public transport, fibre connectiv- and green technology sector, and taps into the achieving bachelor’s and diploma passes. economy, electricity generation and electricity ity and shipping links. Atlantis is also close to $3-trillion global clean technology market. Skills development and training for adults transmission. major ports, roads, universities and greentech The zone welcomes manufacturers, service has taken the form of training sessions on solar • Supporting local content manufacturing markets. providers, suppliers and other players in the PV for people from Atlantis and surrounds, and linked to the Renewable Energy Independent Investors have access to extensive invest- value chains of green technology manufactur- the recruitment of three female interns from Power Producer Procurement Programme ment support through the One Stop Shop for ing. Investors have access to extensive invest- Atlantis to work in the SEZ project office. The driven by the national department of energy. investor support and the rest of the investor ment support through the One Stop Shop and women successfully transitioned into perma- • Developing gas-to-power projects: The support ecosystem, which includes InvestSA, the rest of the investor support ecosystem, nent appointments with the SEZ project office conversion of Ankerlig to gas creates an oppor- GreenCape, the City of Cape Town, and Wesgro. which includes InvestSA, GreenCape, the City in 2016. Other benefits for Atlantis include the tunity for additional gas-to-power and gas for Investors and tenants are accessing attractive of Cape Town and Wesgro. Together, the eco- upgrade of the power supply, fibre connectivity industrial applications in the zone. incentives in the form of tax relief and allow- system provides information and advocacy; and MyCiti transport links. • Contributing to climate change adapta- ances, employment tax incentives, fast-tracked market intelligence; facilitated access to per- tion through green economic growth and development approvals, fee exemptions and mits and licences, planning and development Community Stakeholder Network industrialisation. subsidies. approval; and skills training. The community’s role has been fundamental There is an attractive, wide-ranging skills Through these combined investment pro- to the ethos of the development of the ASEZ. Collaboration creates momentum base to recruit from, with five universities and motion efforts, R700-million has already been The designated area of the SEZ is embedded The Atlantis SEZ is the result of six years of many more colleges in the province, and a large invested in the Atlantis SEZ, including manu- in the existing Atlantis Industria and is mere collaborative effort with the City of Cape Town, range of unskilled, semi-skilled, technical and facturers of wind turbine towers, geotextiles, blocks from the residential area. The work Western Cape Government and the national professional candidates. double-glazed windows, wind tower internals with community members in Atlantis has been department of trade and industry (the dti). and acetylene gas. More than 332 new jobs unique in the landscape of economic infra- After the signing of a memorandum of under- Contact Jarrod Lyons, investment promotion have been created in the zone to date, with structure development; members of the com- standing with the dti, in 2013, the Western Cape manager the majority of the positions filled by Atlantis munity have participated in co-creating the government submitted an application in 2015 ([email protected] / 021 811 0250) residents. SEZ’s implementation plans and shaping their to the dti to have parts of the Atlantis Industrial for more information on how to invest in the The combined work of Wesgro, City of Cape representative structures. In 2019, the ASEZ area declared an SEZ. Atlantis Special Economic Zone Town (InvestCT), InvestSA and GreenCape in successfully established an ASEZ Community The dti held public consultations in October promoting and landing investors is a uniquely Stakeholder Network. This elected group of 15 2017, and received overwhelming support in effective approach that has yielded results community members represents eight sectors favour of establishing the Atlantis SEZ. On June recognised by Unctad (the United Nations in a structure whose function is to act as a con- 7 2018, the South African Cabinet approved Conference on Trade and Development) on duit for communication between the ASEZ and the decision by the then minister of trade and more than one occasion. the Atlantis community. industry to designate the ASEZ. This was after Sponsored supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 7 Special Economic Zones

Richards Bay Industrial landscape. Photo: Supplied Richards Bay gearing up for investment opportunities

Studies are being undertaken for importing liquid natural gas

he Richards Bay Industrial Development Zone Company (RBIDZ) welcomes the recent T announcement by Transnet and the International Finance Cor- poration (IFC) of undertaking processes to conduct a feasibility study that will determine the viability of a natural gas hub in Richards Bay. The commitment of RBIDZ state-of-the art Phase 1A gate complex and winner of Deep sea-water Port of Richards Bay. Photo: Supplied $2-million (about R28-million) as part of Seminal Sustainable Design Award 2018. Photo: Supplied the cost-sharing agreement towards the liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage and regasification terminal to be established at to boost economic growth, develop skills ate affordable alternative energy for users ness engagements and marketing efforts. the Port of Richards Bay by 2024 confirms and create employment opportunities, the as well as ease the distress in the existing The RBIDZ prides itself on the iconic and the intense commitment to see this game- RBIDZ is adamant that efforts and invest- electricity grid. award-winning infrastructures that have changing project materialise. ments adding value to the economic land- The Richards Bay Industrial been developed in line with the RBIDZ At pre-feasibility study phase, the pro- scape of the region as well as the KwaZulu- Development Zone is working tirelessly 50-year Master Plan. The RBIDZ has had ject aims to enable the development of Natal province at large will not only boost to ensure that its mandate is translated various land parcels developed while other the natural gas industry in the country the economy but also change many lives. into one that will positively contribute have been identified to accommodate through the provision of liquefied natu- Due to the strategic location of RBIDZ towards changing the economic and social heavy manufacturing industry investments ral gas (LNG) importation. The study is and its close proximity to the deep-sea landscape, and supports all efforts aimed that are earmarked to locate to Richards looking into the infrastructure, regula- water port of Richards Bay, the RBIDZ has towards turning Richards Bay into an Bay. In this process the oil and gas project tory framework, procurement strategy and diverse advantages for investors intending industrial hub that will contribute mean- is one that the RBIDZ has prioritised — an understanding of the market demand to locate in Richards Bay, and significantly ingfully to the province’s and country’s hence the identification of land to accom- for gas in KZN. The infrastructure will in the Zone; it is a key destination for economy. modate projects of this nature in the near include a LNG import terminal for storage domestic and foreign direct investments. The KwaZulu-Natal province has the sec- future. and regasification facilities at the Port of The RBIDZ believes that the Richards ond-largest economy in the South Africa Transnet is the major stakeholder and Richards Bay, as well as associated natural Bay area offers the greatest opportunities and boasts a diverse range of economic has set aside billions of rands for its capi- gas transmission pipelines in the KZN and for the creation of an oil and gas hub with sectors that drive its commercial activi- tal projects aimed at improving the port’s Gauteng corridors. its many competitive advantages, those in ties. These include manufacturing, agricul- infrastructure. This focus makes business This infrastructure may also provide particular being the deep-sea water port ture, tourism, mining, marine and industry sense, engenders confidence and shows for LNG delivery by road and rail. It is which allows for the LNG to be transported development, renewable energy, telecom- the commitment of the country to enhance expected to provide competitive and relia- by ship from any part of the world. Existing munication, ICT (techno-hubs), clothing ways of doing business with the world. ble gas supply to multiple users, including gas infrastructure, specifically the Lilly and textiles, petro-chemicals and many A glance at the types of businesses ear- gas to power, transport, industrial, com- Line, can be used to feed gas to Durban others. marked to locate in Richards Bay area mercial and residential customers. and Gauteng, and the substantial rail net- To date the RBIDZ has signed invest- and in the RBIDZ specifically confirms As the Richards Bay Industrial work will allow gas to be distributed to ments worth over R11-billion, representing that doing business in Richards Bay is the Development Zone is mandated to attract the rest of South Africa. The extension of different sectors of the economy, and this right decision, with promises of future domestic and foreign direct investments the energy scope will in many ways cre- has been achieved through aggressive busi- prosperity. 8 Sponsored supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 M PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS &G Sponsored supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019

Riversands is a successful PPP that has created more than 1 000 permanent and 2 000 temporary jobs. The De Hoop Nature Reserve in the Western Cape (below) has been developed to provide a stunning holiday destination for whale and bird watchers. Photos: brightliquidlight & Supplied The success of the public-private partnership

Tamsin Oxford This PPP has enabled Cape Town to receive an additional 4.67-million litres of water per ccording to the South African day for residents – a total of 1.7-billion litres per national treasury, a public- annum. The water was previously being lost private partnership (PPP) is through water leakages in the municipal sys- Adefined as a “contract between tem, and this saving played a huge role in help- a public sector institution and a ing residents when Day Zero loomed in 2018. private party, where the private party performs In Tshwane, SAB refurbished two water a function usually provided by the public sec- pump stations — Groenkloof and Kentron tor”. PPPs offer a country struggling under the — which reduced the city’s reliance on Rand weight of apartheid legacy disasters and recent Water and contributed an additional 7.5-mil- political and economic mistakes the opportu- lion litres of water for use by residents every nity to build solid, sustainable foundations for day. It saves the city R60 000 per day, or R23- the future. The question is, are PPPs delivering million per year. Currently, SAB is working with what they have promised, or are there hard les- other municipalities suffering from water stress sons that need to be learned now so that there on projects that are being launched in 2019. can be some measure of success tomorrow? “Understanding the source and vulnerability One of the best measures of success is to look of our water supplies has placed us in a posi- into some of South Africa’s existing PPP pro- tion where we can take proactive measures to jects and to see how they are measuring up. put programmes in place that protect this key The De Hoop Collection was the first PPP in the politicians and poor trust in business leaders,” taxis. The rank will also provide offices for taxi resource with partners such as the WWF,” says South African hospitality industry and saw the says Jenny Retief, chief executive of Riversands associations, 22 informal kiosks and public toi- Bishen Morgan, procurement director: sus- opening of the De Hoop Nature Reserve in the Incubation Hub. “It’s not surprising that PPPs lets. It will be jointly operated by the Centurion tainability and capabilities, SAB and AB InBev Western Cape in 2007. The reserve has been are viewed with some scepticism, but this Taxi Association, Centurion Mall and City of Africa. “We recognise the importance of work- developed to provide a stunning holiday des- should not be the case as a new era of dialogue Tshwane, with the goal of caring for the more ing in partnership with relevant stakehold- tination and is the ideal stopover on the way between government and business leaders is than 15 000 commuters who will use it when it ers to bring about sustainable solutions to key from the Cape Winelands to Plettenberg Bay. essential if we are to thrive as a nation.” opens in 2020. water challenges we face collectively in South A World Heritage site, it offers whale and bird Riversands is another PPP success story. It “This project ensures that our taxis have Africa.” watchers a feast for the eyes with more than was built in the belief that PPPs can deliver tan- proper places to park and that commuters have Finally, Rheinmetall Denel Munition (RDM) 260 species of birds on site. gible results. A partnership between Century safe spaces from where they can access public is a PPP established in 2008 between Denel and “The PPP gave tourists access to a reserve Property Developments and the national transport,” said councillor Sheila Senkubuge, the Rheinmetall Defence Group that has subse- renowned for its iconic whale season, and it’s treasury’s The Jobs Fund, it started in 2015 member of the mayoral committee responsible quently engaged in numerous successful pro- the sole Cape Vulture colony in the Western and is now home to 157 for roads and transport jects across the country. The PPP has achieved Cape,” says William Stephens, owner of the De businesses. It has cre- in Tshwane. “This is the impressive results in many areas, but the one Hoop Collection. “It has 52km of coastline, an ated more than 1 000 vision of our new admin- that has been most fruitful is the Sonyongwana internal 19km Ramsar (wetland) water site, permanent and 2 000 The model has the istration; it’s an example High School near Creighton in rural KwaZulu- fynbos and indigenous game. The PPP allows temporary jobs. The of what we want to do Natal. RDM provided the school with three access to this asset without having to purchase organisation offers potential to create around the entire city.” fully equipped computer, physical science the underlying asset, and yet shares its ben- highly subsidised and If it works, if the main- and chemistry laboratories to provide school- efits with CapeNature, ensuring its long-term affordable office and significant change tenance and manage- children with access to the right educational survival and sustainability in a time when manufacturing spaces in a country in dire ment doesn’t fail, then resources. conservation agencies are struggling to access to entrepreneurs, giv- this could be a power- Duduzile Letseli, human resources manager funding.” ing them the ability to need of just that ful place for support- at RDM, says it is a well-known fact that South For Stephens, PPP projects offer the opportu- scale on a month’s notice ing commuters, micro- Africa has a dire shortage of skilled engineers nity to preserve some of South Africa’s unique while gaining access to entrepreneurs and the and scientists, and many rural schools are at a landscapes and to ensure their long-term excellent facilities and taxi industry. The hope serious disadvantage because they are under- sustainability and survival. They contribute networking opportunities. The structure of the is that informal and formal players will use the funded and under-equipped. not only to maintaining the sanctity of these leasing and the costs are designed to de-risk space to grow their businesses and that those “Our company was looking for an educational regions, but to local employment and local entrepreneurship, and it has allowed busi- commuting through the area will see it as a project that would have a positive impact on economies. The De Hoop PPP has been a suc- nesses to grow steadily as a result. safe and reliable space from which to access the lives of many people who do not have access cess story, allowing South Africa to grow its Another PPP that’s being developed is one transportation. to proper resources. In the long run, we want to tourism footprint within a partnership that between Redefine Properties and the City of Another PPP that is changing the lives of increase the pool of skilled and qualified engi- allows for both the public sector and private Tshwane. This PPP saw the two parties collabo- citizens is a partnership between South African neers in the country,” she says. partner to benefit alongside the citizens they rate on the development of a taxi rank close to Breweries (SAB) and the municipalities of Cape It’s a sustainable, long-term approach that serve. Centurion Mall, providing ranking facilities for Town and Tshwane, which provides residents underscores the value that can be achieved with “We live in a time of low trust: poor trust in 55 taxis and a holding area for an additional 100 with increased access to water. the right attitude to PPPs. 2 Sponsored supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Public Private Partnerships PPPs can fund public infrastructure – essential in the resource-constrained African context

Are public-private partnerships capable of delivering real value or are they at risk of self- congratulatory spending and recognition?

Tamsin Oxford

he public-private partnership (PPP) model was introduced in South Africa in 1998. The T 2018/19 budget indicated that a total of 33 completed PPP pro- jects valued at R89.3-billion have been undertaken since then. Of the R834.1-bil- lion planned for public sector infrastruc- ture spending over the next three years, PPP projects account for R18.5-billion – 2.2% of the total public sector infrastruc- ture budget estimate. PPPs are tightly Brandell Turner of TNK Attorneys, Wikus regulated and managed, and those that Kruger of the UCT Graduate School of Busi- the PPP in the developing world is further the most well-known and successful glob- successfully navigate the red tape have ness and Trevor Lovell, managing director emphasised in a paper by James Leigland, ally, not just in the African region. Not only to bring their top game to the long-term of Graceland Architects all agree that PPPs a World Bank research observer, who notes was the procurement process transparent, potential of these partnerships. can benefit the government, the compa- that there’s a growing body of research efficient and effective, but more than 90% There is also plenty of confusion around nies involved and the South African public. that offers a deeper critical analysis of of the projects have been realised within what a PPP actually is, what it should Photos: Sean Wilson, Focal Fusion Photogra- PPP successes and failures. Evidence on two to three years of their contracts being really be doing, and what measurements phy & Supplied the PPP has not been all positive and some signed.” should be put in place. “There is no widely indicates that while the PPP is useful, it This is a significant result and has intro- agreed upon definition of PPPs,” says tends to move from excitement to disen- duced local ownership, shareholding Wikus Kruger, junior research fellow and chantment; this was backed up by research and benefit sharing which is a relatively PhD candidate, UCT Graduate School of undertaken by Michael Klein in a World unique but important set of requirements Business. “They can take several forms — Bank paper in 2015. for PPPs. The PPP model is also useful in a management contract, the delivery of There is a sense of shallowness around terms of building renewable energy infra- an infrastructure asset, or an agreement the PPP popularity context, one that structure such as solar farms, wind tur- where the private sector gets a contract doesn’t necessarily prove that private can bines, and hydro-electric plants. to design, finance, build and operate an perform better than public in these endeav- “These projects have attracted around infrastructure project for a period of time. ours. In addition, the World Bank’s Africa R200-billion worth of investments into The latter is what is usually referred to as Infrastructure Country Diagnostic Study South Africa and, with the current round a PPP.” showed that while there was an “impres- of approved Power Purchase Agreements The South African government has a sive level of infrastructure development in signed by the department of energy, this huge deficit in infrastructure funding and sub-Saharan Africa by contributing about figure is estimated to be around R300- this is likely to continue for some time. 29% of total capital spending”, most pri- billion,” says Turner. “PPPs could allow PPP projects allow government to move by PPPs is healthcare. According to Trevor vate investment was focused on build-own- municipalities to build electricity-generat- the cost of funding projects onto a private Lovell, managing director of Graceland operate models rather than PPPs. ing infrastructure that would enable them sector partner in exchange for long-term Architects, PPP projects are going to Another concern flagged by Turner is to generate and purchase electricity at financial benefit, and minimal-to-no-risk be critical due to the National Health that while the PPP model may seem the cheaper tariffs than Eskom, and later own to the fiscus. Insurance (NHI) bill that has been passed obvious choice for infrastructure and other such infrastructure and bring the cost of “Although PPPs may be structured in in Parliament. government projects, the regulatory envi- electricity down even further.” various forms, typically the private partner “It would make sense for private com- ronment is often onerous. In Brics (Brazil, Russia, India, China and will finance and build a certain asset such panies to partner with the government in “The success of PPPs is still dependent on South Africa) countries, PPPs have been as a hospital, rail service (think Gautrain) providing healthcare services in light of the right investor climate, which harvests used successfully for building airports and or a toll road, and on completion it will the NHI,” says Lovell. “PPPs can take on the right investor confidence,” he says. “As oil and gas exploration and production also operate such asset for a period of time the form of many different models, not just far as investments go, the investor wants to in Brazil, in transport infrastructure and (typically 10-30 years), during which time in terms of infrastructure and operational turn a profit more than it wants to ensure sports centres in Russia, in power distri- it recoups its cost and profits from them. development, and could encompass an some form of service delivery on behalf of bution and road projects in India, and in At the end of the operation period (exit entire ecosystem of healthcare provision.” government.” sewerage and drainage systems in China. stage) the asset is transferred back to gov- For Kruger, PPPs introduce the possi- For Pantaelo Rewelamia, Professor of In South Africa, an exemplary example of ernment, which now owns an unencum- bility of private funding for public infra- project management and procurement a successful PPP in the healthcare industry bered asset. Government may also decide structure, which is highly relevant in the systems at Unisa’s Graduate School of is the Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre to extend the operations contract with the African context, where public budgets are Business Leadership, PPPs that have that has recently implemented a paediat- private party,” explains Brandell Turner, constrained and the needs for investment failed share a common characteristic: they ric transplant ward and transplant critical director of TNK Attorneys. are massive. It allows for public funding to lacked adequate stakeholder management, care unit. Another sector that may be supported then focus on education, health and other especially a key stakeholder in the public “There is very little reason for PPPs to critical areas while the private sector car- sector. fail. Case studies from countries around ries the load for the projects it undertakes. “The first P in PPP stands for the public,” the globe and best-practice methodologies CREDITS It also introduces skills and commercial he says, “but this can have several mean- are accessible to support the successful Head of Content: Supplements & Commercial discipline to the PPP projects that ben- ings and must be clarified. If the public is rollout and delivery of the PPP. This can Projects Zamantungwa Khumalo efit from improved performance and effi- the ultimate beneficiary of a project, they include issues on how to procure, how to Copy subeditor Derek Davey ciency. However, there is growing evidence must be viewed as part of the partnership, consult and how to develop output speci- Design & Layout Russel Benjamin that the same performance can be found rather than an uncontrollable risk. PPP fications. Adhering to standard processes Sales Reuben Chetty [email protected] in well-run public institutions; the private does not stand for privatisation.” and methodologies reduce opportunities and Diane Willis [email protected] sector isn’t always going to perform better. However, Kruger does add that: “South for corruption and mismanagement,” con- This concern around the relevance of Africa’s PPP programme is probably one of cludes Rwelamila. Sponsored supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 3

AFRICAN UNION DEVELOPMENT AGENCY-NEPAD The African Union Development Agency-NEPAD

The Executive Council of the African Union adopted the statute, rules of procedure and structure of the African Union Development Agency (AUDA-NEPAD) at the 35th Ordinary Session of the Executive Council, in Niger, on 4 and 5 July 2019. 7KH$IULFDQ8QLRQ'HYHORSPHQW$JHQF\1(3$'ZLWKLWVFOHDUO\GH¿QHGPDQGDWHDQGOHJDOLGHQWLW\LVQRZWKH¿UVW development agency of the African Union, with its new mandate being: (i) To coordinate and execute priority regional and continental projects to promote regional integration towards the accelerated realisation of Agenda 2063; (ii) To strengthen capacity of African Union Member States and regional bodies; advance knowledge-based advisory support, undertake the full range of resource mobilisation, and serve as the continent’s technical interface with all Africa’s development stakeholders and development partners. The African Union Development Agency-NEPAD is responsible for implementing the continent’s major projects for regional integration, with the close collaboration of both the public and private sectors. Working towards Africa’s integration, the Agency will also play a fundamental role in the realisation of the African Continental Free Trade Area. The new AUDA-NEPAD mandate gives the organisation a wider role in terms of providing knowledge-based advisory support to African Union Member States with regards to development strategies and capacity development, to support them in driving their development. Moreover, the Agency will play a critical role in disseminating best practices and support countries’ efforts in developing their capacity and leverage on regional and global partnerships.

#TheAfricaWeWant AUDA-NEPAD | 230 15th Road, Midrand, South Africa |+27 11 256 3600 www.nepad.org | Email: [email protected] 4 Sponsored supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019

Public Private Partnerships have never been more important as a key catalyst for growth in South Africa Embracing the spirit of partnership at the point of delivery maximises the impact of programmes writes Mary-Jane Morifi, Chief Corporate Affairs Officer at Tiger Brands.

ith other interested stakeholders. burgeoning The Forum stakeholders engage social and to find innovative solutions of economic how to tackle school nutrition, pressures health and wellbeing and Wfaced by more South Africans other challenges facing school every day, our citizens are children. What started out as a looking - with hope and humble, much-needed bowl of expectation - to government, to nutritious porridge for learners corporates and to their religious from six primary schools in institutions. Yet, our current Alexandra, Johannesburg, has realities clearly cannot be solved since expanded to numerous by one group alone. Partnerships communities across South are the only way forward to Africa. Today, The Tiger Brands solve our country’s most pressing Foundation supports 95 schools problems. in all nine provinces, providing the essential breakfast meal to While there is fierce agreement around 67 500 learners, teachers on the need for public-private and staff. partnerships, what we need is to embrace a renewed set of This spirit of partnership has partnership principles - between ensured the programme is business, government and civil constantly aligned with the society – in order to accelerate national agenda and always impact and success. supports the core needs already identified by government. What Tiger Brands appreciates the opportunities that multi-stakeholder partnerships could have been a narrow focus of a breakfast programme has expanded to ensure offer and is acutely aware of the benefits of well-orchestrated Public Private the learners in these non-fee-paying schools get a guaranteed two meals a day, Partnerships (PPP) to help us deliver our shared social objectives and to bring which boosts food security, health and academic outcomes. Additionally, food our corporate purpose ‘to nourish and nurture more lives gardens at many schools have been created to supplement everyday’ to life for our communities. access to nutritional food for beneficiaries and build food Since our first security. These gardens can also be used as an extension of Let me share some examples of how multi stakeholder the classroom to teach children biology. partnerships can achieve greater good than if we had operated involvement in on our own. Firstly, is the in-school breakfast programme these programmes We have used the insights and the broader partnership focus which the Tiger Brands Foundation launched in 2011 in almost 10 years from the Tiger Brands Foundation and applied this to our partnership with the Department of Basic Education (DBE) Smallholder and Emerging Farmer Programme (SEFP) with National School Nutrition Programme (NSNP). ago, our stakeholder the Department of Agriculture Land and Rural Development collaborations have (DALRD) that was previously the Department of Agriculture, Our aim was to provide a nutritious healthy breakfast to give guided us to create Forestry and Fisheries. the children a strong start to the school day. A food company cannot act alone in delivering a programme of this magnitude. community initiatives This brings me to my second PPP example. Tiger Brands Excellent implementation requires collaboration between the that achieve greater is a large consumer of agricultural products in South Africa. schools, the staff, the parents and the Department of Basic impact through The SEFP is an excellent opportunity for us to contribute Education (DBE). Together, we have achieved much more to the development of the emerging farmer sector and to than providing a nutritious breakfast. Working with the partnerships with other create opportunities for these farmers to become part of our DBE has enabled the Tiger Brands Foundation to establish stakeholders; “One hand supply chain. and evolve a strong relationship to identify and address the cannot wash itself.” issues that impact the successful delivery of in-school breakfast The SEFP seeks to recruit, develop and transact with emerging every day. This breakfast complements the DBE’s existing farmers, offering technical support and mentorship to ensure schools lunch programme to double the impact of the NSNP. that the farms are sustainable. To ensure sustainable and impactful change, we entered into a cooperation and partnership agreement with By assessing what was required to make an immediate impact and by listening the then DAFF in 2015. to and developing solutions with the schools and other stakeholders, they have been able to add value to the programme and its beneficiaries – which includes As a result of the programme, a total of 52 tomato farmers received financial and the communities around the schools – in a more compelling and integrated way. technical support to supply Tiger Brands with 5,200 tons of tomatoes for the 2018 season. We supported six bean farmers to deliver 70 tons of beans during This has included installing kitchens at schools where they did not exist to ensure the last growing season. Critical to the success of the farmer development food safety requirements and the hygienic preparation of food. Training of programme is access to land and water – which where our partnership with food handlers to prepare food for the children helps create jobs for unemployed the Department becomes invaluable. A further critical success factor for farmer members of the wider school community, taking the spirit of partnership with development programmes is access to markets, and this is what Tiger Brands DBE to new levels. brings to the partnership – offtake agreements that ensure that what the farmers produce is anchored by offtake agreements which are put in place even before A total of 452 women and approximately 20 men have been trained so far. Of seeds are planted in the ground. As a result of the sustained partnership with the these, 387 are currently food handlers, school nutrition co-ordinators and district Department and the ongoing alignment and collaboration with all stakeholders – monitors from the Department of Education. particularly the farmers themselves – the programme is now able to drive further opportunities and benefits. The introduction of Tiger Brands’ new Agriculture Collaboration between all stakeholders has derived many benefits, which have Aggregator model will increase the number of participating small-scale farmers extended into the arena of nutritional education for learners. The Tiger Brands in the programme while growing the number of black suppliers for the company Foundation introduced placemats as an advocacy tool to remind children about holistically. nutrition and food hygiene through pictures and to afford learners dignity during meal times. These placemats are now used by the NSNP throughout the country, The spirit of partnership creates its own natural momentum and moves participants not just in the schools where the Tiger Brands Foundation is involved. way beyond the sometimes-initial narrow focus. Results and learnings are uncovered creating further momentum, individuals and communities are The Tiger Brands Foundation in-school breakfast programme, through this strengthened and the legacy for future generations are built. With the issues partnership with government, has also created a The Learning Forum comprising South Africa faces today, PPP’s remain essential to improve people’s lives and academics, civil society groups working in the school nutrition space, the DBE and the ability to progress. M INSTITUTE OF RETIREMENT &G FUNDS AFRICA Advertising supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019

Industry opinion of IRFA’s contribution continues to increase as the industry body continu- A continental dipstick survey conducted by IRFA shows comparative trends in expectations in ously aligns itself to sector needs. the continental space. The crucial role played by any industry body in the retirement sector

Upskilling is essential, and local industry rates IRFA’s contribution highly

Eamonn Ryan only for the sector, but for the members of Hiller van Rensburg also cautions industry retirement funds themselves.” and professional bodies to look to electronic n the eve of the annual IRFA Hiller van Rensburg points out that the top delivery mechanisms for knowledge trans- conference, the Mail & Guardian expectations of IRFA are in terms of position- fer and interaction. “Our findings certainly spoke to Institute of Retirement ing and lobbying for the industry, playing a indicate that the retirement sector exhibits OFunds (IRFA) president Wayne strategic role in policymaking, and regulatory a strong preference for the use of electronic Hiller van Rensburg on the role and government liaison. platforms to deliver information and edu- and contribution an industry body such as “We are also being called on to play a strong cation to members, as well as services such IRFA should play for members and the retire- advisory role to our members in terms of best online advisory portals. A call for member ment sector at large. practices, governance and legal and technical specific/customised research and develop- Hiller van Rensburg says that IRFA takes variables.” ment programmes also seems to suggest a this responsibility extremely seriously and Then moving onto knowledge transfer and consultancy role beginning to emerge for undertakes continuous research into the financial acumen in the sector, Hiller van industry bodies.” needs and expectations of industry, both in Rensburg notes an increase in the perceived IRFA President Wayne Hiller van Rensburg Do industry bodies make a positive con- South Africa and on the continent, to ensure developmental role required from industry is proud of his Institute’s relevance to the tribution to the sectors they serve? Hiller that the industry body is relevant to and sup- bodies such as IRFA in upskilling retirement retirement sector, both in South Africa and van Rensburg notes that local industry rates portive of this critical sector of the socioeco- fund management boards and the members on the broader continent. Photo: Supplied IRFA’s contribution highly, notably towards nomic landscape. of retirement funds themselves. sector standards and practices, and financial “We have undertaken ongoing research into “This trend is borne out by a clear mandate knowledge and literacy. industry perceptions and requirements over from our members and broader industry representatives from Kenya, Zambia, Malawi, He concludes: “We believe that industry and the past five years to determine our mandate to conduct research into best practices and Zimbabwe, Botswana and eSwatini — and professional bodies have a vital role to play in as defined by the sector,” he says. “We know trends. This also ensures that we provide the the findings exhibit similar patterns and terms of industry delivery to the members of that our retirement ecosystem is never stag- products and services necessary for high-qual- trends. “We do note however that research retirement funds within the socioeconomic nant, and it is interesting to note how our role ity industry support.” and benchmarking ranked higher amongst space. We are proud of our contribution and has needed to change as the industry moves He says that IRFA recently had an oppor- the continental group, while the advisory role will continue to monitor sector needs, and be forward to ensure the right outcomes, not tunity to measure the perceptions of sector moved down the rankings.” responsive and accountable in our delivery.” 119625L

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The following entities are licensed Financial Services Providers (FSPs) within Old Mutual Investment Group (Pty) Ltd Holdings approved by the Financial Sector Conduct Authority (www.fsca.co.za) to provide advisory and/or intermediary services in terms of the Financial Advisory and Intermediary Services Act 37 of 2002. These entities are wholly owned subsidiaries of Old Mutual Investment Group Holdings (Pty) Ltd and are members of the Old Mutual Investment Group. Old Mutual Investment Group (Pty) Ltd (Reg No 1993/003023/07), FSP No:604. | Old Mutual Alternative Investments (Pty) Ltd (Reg No 2013/113833/07), FSP No:45255. | African Infrastructure Investment Managers (Pty) Ltd (Reg No 2005/028675/07), FSP No:4307. | Futuregrowth Asset Management (Pty) Ltd (Reg No 1996/18222/07), FSP No:520. Figures as at 31 December 2018 unless otherwise stated. Sources: Old Mutual Alternative Investments; African Infrastructure Investment Managers (AIIM); Old Mutual Specialised Finance; Futuregrowth Asset Management. 2 Advertising supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Institute of Retirement Funds Africa The theme of the IRFA conference is ‘The Retirement Ecosystem: You Have The Power’

Eamonn Ryan ships,) “Reaching out for Financial Security Symbiosis means these actions can be ment ecosystem itself. and Freedom/2018” (from navigation to reciprocal or associated, impacting either For the purposes of the IRFA conference, n optimal ecosystem monitors, outreach). negatively or positively on the retirement the term “energy” applies to sources of exter- evaluates and self-corrects; Encyclopaedia Brittanica defines an eco- ecosystem as a whole; and where constitu- nal energy used within the retirement eco- and is resilient and dynamic. system as the complex system of living organ- ents engage and interact positively this inter- system; to how this energy is used within the AThe retirement funding eco- isms, their physical environment, and all action can be mutually beneficial as well as system; and/or the power of the individual or system is a complex, inter- their interrelationships in a particular unit of contributing health and vigour to the retire- constituent group to generate this energy. connected network. All stakeholders of this space. diverse complex system are integral to it and have an impact. Each component has the Other definitions include: power to influence this ecosystem positively • A system, or a group of interconnected ele- Energy: It can only ever be changed or negatively. ments, formed by the interaction of a com- In this year’s conference IRFA will be munity of organisms with their environment. “A business ecosystem is just like the natu- life” — Aristotle exploring the existing pensions ecosystem • Any system or network of interconnect- ral ecosystem; first, it needs to be under- “Energy cannot be created or destroyed, and highlighting the components, as well as ing and interacting parts, as in a business stood, then, it needs to be well planned, it can only be changed from one form of the interrelationship between its parts. It will environment. and also needs to be thoughtfully renewed energy to another” — Albert Einstein also be examining roles within this system in The transfer and conversion of energy is as well.” — Pearl Zhu, Digital Maturity: “We come into relationships often very order to understand the impact and power of vital to the functioning of any ecosystem, Take a Journey of a Thousand Miles from much identified with our needs. I need individual actions. both in driving it, as well as regenerating Functioning to Delight. this, I need security, I need refuge, I need The conference aims to surface and high- it when necessary. Energy moves life. The “Nature is good at connectivity. The friendship. And all relationships are sym- light trends and practices that equip partici- cycle of energy is based on the flow of energy impact of diverse human activities is biotic in that sense. We come together pants to positively influence the system for through different trophic levels in an ecosys- observed and absorbed throughout nature. because we fulfil each others’ needs at the ultimate benefit of improved retirement tem. Our physical ecosystem is maintained Everything is linked. Nature has no prob- some level or other.” — Ram Dass outcomes. by cycling energy and nutrients obtained lem with coherence. Ecosystems react with “Over the long term, symbiosis is more from different external sources. their own logic.” — Jonas Gahr Store useful than parasitism. More fun, too. Ask You have the power! Applying these concepts to the retirement “Waste does not exist in nature, because any mitochondria.” — Larry Wall The theme follows a logical succession in community, let’s look at the definitions of ecosystems reuse everything that grows in conference themes over the past four years, symbiosis: interdependent; synergetic; co- a never-ending cycle of efficiency and pur- On the Power of the Individual bringing the focus from industry trends, operative; reciprocal; associated; and mutu- pose.” — Frans van Houten - “You lose your power not by giving it stakeholder collaboration and outreach ally beneficial. “Where the quality of life goes down for away” — Debasish Mridha into the scope of individual influence over An ecosystem is: the retirement landscape the environment, the quality of life goes - “You have a lot more power than you are retirement outcomes and, most impor- is a system, with all parts and stakehold- down for humans.” — George Holland giving yourself credit for. Please embrace tantly, the symbiotic nature of this influ- ers interdependent on one another; each “When one tugs at a single thing in it.” — Queen Tourmaline ence. (“Navigating the Future/2016” (exam- part of constituent has the power and abil- nature, he finds it attached to the rest of - “Do not wait for the green light. You ining key trends and influencers in the ity to influence the entire system; there is a the world.” — John Muir are the green light.” — Dr Jacinta industry”,) “Partnering for Change/2017” synergy (interaction and combined effect) “The energy of the mind is the essence of Mpalyenkana (collaborative relationships and partner- between each. Impact investment

AF18246 injects life into the economy

Four more truck stops will be opened, based on the Highway Junction Truck Stop near Harrismith

Eamonn Ryan

he Transport Sector Retirement Fund (TSRF) is single-minded in its Tefforts to find innovative ways to grow their members’ retirement assets, to provide them with excellent returns and long-term financial security,” says principal officer, Joe Letswalo. “Apart from creating sustain- able futures, the fund is committed to facilitating transformation in South Africa.” Making your employee “Our board considers infrastructure development as an important asset class — one which we believe provides direct benefits to our members; benefits, employer benefits and which assists to drive economic development, empowerment and job creation. Our investment strategy ties in with the country’s National We’ve been working with South African Infrastructure Plan,” says Letswalo. businesses to gather data from employers and Some of the TSRF’s investment projects include the development of quality employees, and together with them, turned this truck stops along our country’s major transport nodes. “Our aim is to create data into a human form – knowledge. Based safe and efficient transport hubs along our major routes. The TSRF holds on this, our advice can lead to your employees a 50% share in the Highway Junction Truck Stop near Harrismith. Within working at their best, growing businesses and this joint venture, the facilities at Highway Junction were upgraded and ultimately shifting the economy and wealth of expanded to create the first multi-brand facility of its kind on the continent. our country. That’s the beauty of our insights, The Highway Junction is proving so successful that the TSRF will now gathered over more than 85 years and put to expand this concept to four more sites near Cape Town, East London, work in our market. That’s knowledge, applied. Colesberg and Musina. Some of the Fund’s other infrastructure partnerships include the recently Why don’t you let us apply what we’ve learned opened Philippi JunXion Mall outside Cape Town, and two new mixed-use from our integrated service to your business too? property developments — one near Sebokeng in the Vaal Triangle, and the Want to grow more? Go to alexanderforbes.co.za other in the Western Cape near Simon’s Town. “These spatial development projects will assist with poverty alleviation, ensuring that property can be accessed by all as an asset for wealth creation. We believe our impact investment strategy is setting the tone for boosting economic growth and maximising investment returns. Within our diversified investment portfolio, these strategic initiatives are offering good returns,” concludes Letswalo. Retirement | Investment | Health

CREDITS Alexander Forbes Investments Holdings Limited. Registration number 1997/022540/06. Head of Content: Supplements & Commercial Projects Zamantungwa Khumalo Alexander Forbes Health (Pty) Ltd is a licensed financial services provider (FSP 33471 and CMS registration number ORG 3064). Derek Davey Alexander Forbes Financial Services (Pty) Ltd is a licensed financial services provider (FSP 1177 and registration number 1969/018487/07). Copy subeditor Design & Layout Russel Benjamin Sales Adriana Botha — Flair Media Solutions — [email protected] Cell 082 386 1246 Advertising supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 3 Institute of Retirement Funds Africa Institute of Retirement Funders Africa’s (IRFA) conference

This will be followed by the following Influences that affect the topics: retirement fund ecosystem • The Retirement Ecosystem: why diversity is needed for success, by thought leader Nene will be in the spotlight Molefi • The ABC of the New World of Investing: Asia Beyond China helps steady the global Eamonn Ryan economy, which will be presented by Michael Power (Investec Asset Management) eynote speaker Fiona Reynolds, • Protecting member’s benefits through chief executive of the Princi- insurance: this will be presented by Treasure ples for Responsible Investment Keynote speaker Fiona Reynolds, and Pension fund adjudicator Muvhango Lukhaimane. Mabunda (3SIXTY Financial Services K(PRI), will explore the concepts Photos: Supplied Group). of individual and collective The highlight of day two will be a series power within the retirement ecosystem. The at Sanlam Employee Benefits and Liberty tation by Reynolds on the topic “Retirement of breakout sessions, but before that will be PRI is a UN-supported organisation with Personal Benefits. She is an admitted advo- Ecosystem: You have the Power”, will be a panel discussion on the topic “It is criti- more than 2 200 signatories, who collectively cate of the High Court. followed by a panel discussion on the topic cal: Pension Fund Investing”, with panel represent over $82-trillion in assets under Pension fund administration is the critical “Exploring the potential of the Ecosystem”, members Raazia Ganie (board member, CFA management. factor in sustaining ecological integrity and by panel members Langa Madonko (Savca Society South Africa); Henry Kyanda (Kenya Reynolds is ideally placed to take the con- will be the focus of a key panel discussion board member), Jan Mahlangu (retirement Pension Funds Investment Consortium, ference through the symbiotic nature of our hosted by Geraldine Fowler. She will mod- funds co-ordinator for Cosatu) and Wayne KEPFIC) and Ndabezinhle Mkhize (Eskom ecosystem where actions can be reciprocal erate a panel on this critical and often-over- Hiller van Rensburg (IRFA president). Pension & Provident Fund). or associated, impacting either negatively or looked topic at the conference. positively on the retirement ecosystem as a She will explore the here and whole. The PRI is the major global organisa- now of why and how adminis- tion for responsible investment practices and tration goes wrong, what trus- leadership and the integration of environ- tees can do to recognise red mental, social and governance issues across flags and how the industry can the investment chain. Its mission is to create streamline administration to a sustainable global financial system, and the ensure best outcomes. Fowler organisation aims to bring responsible inves- is recognised for her adminis- tors together to work towards creating sus- trative excellence throughout tainable financial markets that contribute to the industry and this is a sub- a more prosperous world for all. ject she advocates strongly. Pension fund adjudicator Muvhango Panelists Krishen Sukdev, Lukhaimane will on the first day of the IRFA Takalani Lukhalmane and conference share insights on how delegates Mia Geringer will reinforce the can influence the ecosystem positively. importance of administration Lukhaimane was adjudicator in July 2013, to sound governance and fund having previously acquired first-hand expe- health, and the debate will be a rience and expertise in pension fund mat- lively one. ters as research consultant and legal adviser The day one keynote presen- Process plays its part Trust is

Return and sustainability are not conflicting objectives rare these irshni Totaram, global head of insti- Ktutional business at Coronation, says: “At Coronation, our culture and val- ues are important factors in delivering our commitment to be the best stewards of our days. clients’ assets, and we understand that we have been granted a social licence to oper- ate. On a basic level, when we do well for our clients as investment managers, the additional returns that we produce for them That’s why when it comes to investing our clients’ retirement over and above the relevant benchmark is of savings, we always seek out the best investment opportunities social benefit. But it goes further than that, and the consideration of ESG (environmen- to grow their hard-earned money into real long-term wealth. tal, social and governance) factors in the It’s how we work to earn our clients’ trust every day. investment process play an increasingly Kirshni Totaram, global head significant role in achieving sustainable eco- of institutional business at nomic growth. Coronation. Photo: Supplied Make trust part of your investment portfolio. “We believe the term stewardship is appropriate as it encapsulates our long-term ownership philosophy, which focuses on assessing the strategic direction and culture of investee companies, the capital allocation skill of management teams and the level of alignment with shareholders. We don’t believe that return and sustainability are conflicting objectives. “Currently, the rate at which social activism and awareness of ESG issues is developing is simply outpacing the speed at which the industry can adapt. This is certainly a challenge and we expect processes and frameworks to evolve over the next few years as we continue to improve our thinking around these complex issues. At a time when the world urgently needs to see a better kind of capitalism emerging, investing for the long term requires a more thoughtful approach than ever,” she says. It is for this reason that in 2007 Coronation was one of the first 10% of asset managers globally to become signatory to the United Nations-backed Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI). “At Coronation, our ESG analysis is performed in-house, as we believe that it is our relationships with the boards and management teams of our investee compa- nies that help us to engage effectively. Looking out into a world in which govern- ance scandals abound, we are ever deepening our understanding of ESG factors at Coronation is an authorised financial services provider. Trust is Earned™ both company and sector levels. This will help us to ensure that we are managing 49217/E our clients’ money in a truly long-term and sustainable manner,” says Totaram. 4 Advertising supplement to the Mail & Guardian July 26 to August 1 2019 Institute of Retirement Funds Africa The retirement ecosystem: You have the power

Retirement Ecosystem,” she explains. The need for better retirement outcomes is crucial to the Fowler continues: “Investopedia describes economic growth of Africa and for society as a whole the business ecosystem as follows: ‘A business ecosystem is the network of organisations — including suppliers, distributors, customers, competitors, government agencies, and so on Eamonn Ryan IRFA annual conference is, quite simply, where — involved in the delivery of a specific product all stakeholders within the industry come to or service through both competition and co- his year’s Institute of Retirement share knowledge and trends. operation. The idea is that each entity in the Funders Africa’s (IRFA) conference is “In this year’s conference we will be explor- ecosystem affects and is affected by the others, being held from July 28 to 30, at the ing the existing pensions ecosystem in detail,” creating a constantly evolving relationship in TInkosi Albert Luthuli ICC, in Durban. she says. “Looking at the world in 2016, we which each entity must be flexible and adapt- IRFA vice-president Geraldine were acutely aware that times were chang- able in order to survive, as in a biological eco- Fowler says: “We hope with this conference to ing and there were serious problems where system.’ The retirement landscape is a system, IRFA vice-president Geraldine Fowler says surface trends and practices that equip partici- savings were concerned. We consequently with all parts and stakeholders reliant on one that in this year’s conference the existing pants to influence the system for the ultimate adopted the overarching theme of ‘Navigating another. Each part has the power and ability to pensions ecosystem will be explored in benefit of improved retirement outcomes.” the Future’ to look at changes affecting us as influence the entire system. There is a synergy detail . Photo: Supplied She notes that: “The conference attracts del- a society. We identified the need for partner- (interaction and combined effect) between egates from across the industry spectrum: from ships and collaborative alliances — and this each,” says Fowler. service providers, retirement funds, organised general theme has driven our annual con- In the retirement ecosystem the diverse responsible investing and the retirement eco- labour to policymakers and regulators. The ferences since, up to the 2019 theme of the stakeholders each impact on each other. “The system. In addition, another thought leader conference will be explor- will be Jan Mahlangu, retirement fund policy ing these relationships, and co-ordinator of Cosatu, who was instrumen- by the end of the conference tal in the draft Comprehensive Social Security delegates will have an under- Fund document released by Nedlac in March standing of the power of their 2019. There will also be representatives from own actions to affect the eco- the Financial Sector Conduct Authority, the system. It’s important for all Pension Fund Adjudicator’s office and the of us to understand where Government Employees Pension Fund, the we’re coming from and where largest pension fund in the country. we’re going to, with the objec- The PRI is a UN-supported initiative set up tive of creating better retire- and launched in 2006 by Kofi Annan, with a ment outcomes for everyone, mission to put sustainability at the heart of the as well as contributing to the capital markets. It now has more than 2 200 economic growth of South signatories representing more than $82-tril- Our systems, processes and Africa,” she says. lion in AUM (assets under management). The Each of the speakers’ top- growth of the PRI comes on the back of large ics is aligned to this theme, gains in the last two years, as the cause of governance have a simple aim. and Fowler says the IRFA is responsible investment has taken widespread particularly excited this year hold. Responsible investment is now reaching at the quality of speakers. the mainstream. To make our members smile! This includes Fiona Reynolds, The need for better retirement outcomes the chief executive of UNPRI is crucial to the economic growth of Africa (United Nations supported and for our society as a whole. “For this rea- Principles for Responsible son we are especially excited to have UNPRI Investment), which is a global and labour in the form of Cosatu with us this leader in the concept of year,” Fowler concludes. Going the extra smile

The benefit counsellor is an easy-to-use online tool that assists Salt members and clients with their retirement

etirement funds do not operate in isolation: there are various organi- Rsations, publics and diverse stakeholders that they interact with. Funds influence and shape their landscape, and in turn the legisla- tive and governance requirements shape and influence a retirement fund — making the retirement fund industry a unique ecosystem within the finan- cial services industry. Salt Employee Benefits (Salt) believes that by viewing a fund as a unique ecosystem and considering members as benefactors of the ecosystem, it forces funds to reconsider how they interact and service their stakeholders. As one of the largest privately-owned retirement fund administrators in the country, Salt believes in keeping things simple. With the burden the new default regulations placed on retirement funds, they have created an easy- to-use online tool to assist their more than 500 000 members and clients on their roads to retirement. The Salt benefit counsellor tool (powered by ZAQ) is an innovative, accessible solution designed with their members in mind. The solution is fully compliant with the new default regulations and helps members navi- gate the many decisions and choices they face should they exit the fund. Members now have direct access on any internet-connected device to all their retirement fund information, benefits, financial planning tools and tips. Ultimately, members are empowered to make better financial decisions.

Features of the online tool include: • Track your retirement savings • View your membership records and contribution history Salt Employee Benefits • Future scenario planning • Benefit counselling at retirement • Benefit counselling when exiting or transferring to another fund Going the extra Smile! • Ability to manage drawdown levels with in-fund living annuities www.salteb.co.za • Ability to communicate with members directly. We have a simple vision — to make our members smile.