Flammande Land

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Flammande Land tomas block Flammande land kurt atterberg och den ungsvenska falangen Innehåll Förord...........................................................................................7 Inledning ......................................................................................9 svenskarna som fadermördare ..............................................9 1. Positionsbestämning .............................................................13 Inledning ............................................................................13 ”90-talister” och ”10-talister” ..............................................13 Premisser för det följande....................................................18 spillra eller ungsvensk falang ...........................................22 Gruppens identitet..............................................................22 FST och STIM ...................................................................23 ”spillrans” fyra tonsättare ................................................25 Kurt Atterberg ....................................................................25 Ture Rangström..................................................................30 Natanael Berg .....................................................................34 Oskar Lindberg...................................................................37 grupp eller individer? .........................................................39 Umgänge och professionell verksamhet...............................39 Generationstillhörighet .......................................................43 Lansering i utlandet ............................................................45 sammanfattning ...................................................................49 Mot en ungsvensk estetik....................................................49 2. Den ungsvenska symfonin ....................................................50 estetiskt ställningstagande ...............................................50 Inledning ............................................................................50 Termer och avgränsningar...................................................50 Svenska nydanare och europeiska bakåtsträvare...................53 yttre kännemärken ..............................................................54 Oskar Lindberg...................................................................55 Natanael Berg .....................................................................56 Ture Rangström..................................................................61 kurt atterbergs symfonier ..................................................70 Den ungsvenske symfonikern..............................................70 Första symfonin: Ungdomsverk och tidiga framgångar........73 Konsolidering av framgångarna...........................................76 Tredje symfonin..................................................................78 Nationalism och folklighet..................................................83 Personlig kamp och undergångsstämningar.........................86 Ökande internationell berömmelse och kontroverser ..........89 Krigssymfonier – estetiska och politiska ställningstaganden.90 Slutet (Ragnarök?)...............................................................93 sammanfattning ...................................................................96 3. Kurt Atterbergs musiksyn .....................................................97 introduktion ........................................................................97 Atterbergs publikationer......................................................98 atterbergs musikaliska bildning ........................................99 Autodidakten Atterberg ......................................................99 Följderna därav .................................................................104 atterberg som musikskribent ............................................105 Journalistiska principer .....................................................106 Konstmusik och annan musik...........................................108 Svensk musik ....................................................................109 Klassiska mästare...............................................................113 Brahms, Wagner och Richard Strauss................................115 Modern musik ..................................................................116 artiklar på 30-talet ...........................................................128 Får svensk musik ej längre vara svensk? .............................128 Melodiens förfall...............................................................133 Sammanfattning ...............................................................138 4. Atterbergs musik till text ....................................................140 introduktion ......................................................................140 estetiska ställningstaganden ...........................................140 Scenisk musik hos ungsvenskarna......................................140 det är sabbatsdag i bygden ................................................142 requiem ...............................................................................153 Bakgrund..........................................................................153 Verkets beskaffenhet .........................................................153 Internationellt perspektiv ..................................................155 Analys...............................................................................158 Atterbergs operor ..............................................................163 härvard harpolekare .........................................................163 ”Härvards” skiftande öden ................................................164 Operans handling .............................................................165 Musiken............................................................................176 ”Härvard” som idédrama ..................................................177 bäckahästen ........................................................................181 Ett skånskt sagospel...........................................................181 Scenario ............................................................................182 fanal ....................................................................................188 Atterbergs största operaframgång ......................................188 Musiken i Fanal enligt Atterberg.......................................192 Operans handling .............................................................193 Om Fanal som musikdrama – analytiska saker och ting ....194 Fanal som idédrama..........................................................197 5. Atterbergs estetik .................................................................201 grunddrag ..........................................................................201 6. Atterberg och Tredje riket ..................................................209 Källor och litteratur...................................................................214 otryckt material ................................................................214 tryckt material ..................................................................214 Förord Föreliggande skrift utgör slutpunkten i ett forskningsprojekt som finansierats av Vetenskapsrådet under perioden 2003-2005, och som haft institutionen för musikvetenskap vid Uppsala universitet som sin bas. Min tacksamhet går till personalen vid en rad olika institutioner, som alla har varit synnerligen hjälpsamma och tjänstvilliga under arbetets gång. Det rör sig om Uppsala universitetsbibliotek (Carolina Rediviva), Svensk Musik, Sveriges Musikbibliotek och kanske allra mest Musikmuséet i Stockholm. Jag vill också rikta ett stort tack till alla de, personal och studenter, som bidrog till att göra institutionen till en så inspirerande arbetsplats under den tid jag tillbringade där. Ett alldeles särskilt tack måste riktas till mina föräldrar, Per och Eva Block, som varit till ovärderlig hjälp med såväl små som mycket stora ting, framför allt med korrekturläsning under arbetets allra sista fas. Och slutligen ett tack till Stine, Andreas och Marius som stöttat mig längs vägen och alla visat ett sådant beundransvärt tålamod med mig. Inledning svenskarna som fadermördare Under åtskilliga år dominerades all diskussion om de svenska tonsättare som debuterade under det tidiga 1900-talet av frågan hur de förhöll sig till det modernistiska kulturklimat som präglade Sverige efter andra världskriget. Den polarisering som följde härav ledde i stor utsträckning till att de tonsättare som inte entydigt kunde kategoriseras som i ett eller annat avseende ”framåt- blickande” istället snabbt klassificerades som ”bakåtsträvare”, bevarare av estetiska ideal från 1800-talet. Detta har sin grund i sakernas faktiska tillstånd åtminstone i ett avseende. Med tanke på att Sverige förskonades från den samhällsomstörtning som första världskriget innebar, och följaktligen den konstnärliga omvälvning som kan symboliseras med namn som T.S. Eliot, eller inom musiken med den nya sakligheten eller neoklassicismen, inte befanns äga samma övergripande grad av relevans som utomlands. Detta innebär också att avståndet blir desto större då en ny internationalism gör sig gällande efter 1945. Brytningen mellan en tonsättare som Kurt Atterberg och ny musik efter andra världskriget är inte brottet mellan europeiska värderingar under mellankrigstiden och ny modernism, utan snarare
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