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Sense of Place of Polangui, Albay, Philippines: Identification of Its Significant Cultural Properties

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Sense of Place of Polangui, Albay, Philippines: Identification of Its Significant Cultural Properties BU R&D Journal 24 (1): 44-53, July 2021 | ISSN (Print): 0016-4139 journal.bicol-u.edu.ph | ISSN (Online): 2719-082X doi: 10.47789/burdj.mbtcbbgs.20212401.01 Sense of Place of Polangui, Albay, Philippines: Identification of Its Significant Cultural Properties Janet Ibarreta - Triunfante Bicol University Publication and Knowledge Management Division, Legazpi City, Philippines Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract Cultural heritage is an expression of the ways of living developed by a community and passed on from generation to generation. This includes customs, practices, places, objects, artistic expressions and values. It plays an essential role in society, and knowing its importance gives the people connection to the past, present and future generations, and its function in building a strong nation and its identity. The aim of this research is to record and profile the cultural properties adopting the cultural mapping framework utilized by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA). It mainly focuses on mapping the tangible and intangible cultural heritage that provide the “sense of place” and identity of Polangui, Albay which are significantly valuable through generations. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO) framework for classifying the significant cultural properties found in the community was used in determining the cultural significance of a property, namely: Historical, Aesthetic, Scientific/Technical, and Social and/or Spiritual values. This study revealed that the municipality of Polangui has several cultural assets, and that should be given the highest order of protection, promotion and preservation by the local government unit. People have created their own amalgam of culture. This study recommends the integration of the cultural profile in the future development plans toward enhancing cultural pride. It is also ideal to use Geographic Information System in creating a cultural map which will contribute to the visualization of its cultural heritage assets. Keywords: Culture, Cultural identity, Cultural mapping, Cultural significance, Intangible and tangible heritage Introduction Philippine Registry of Cultural Property (PRECUP). With this, they can have opportunities to promote and It is the duty of every citizen to preserve and nurture a culture of empowerment in equipping the conserve Filipino historical and cultural heritage and local communities in recognizing their wealth of cultural resources. The retrieval and conservation of Filipino assets. culture and history shall be vigorously pursued. In a Cultural mapping has been developed as a tool to broader sense, Article XIV of the 1987 Constitution on understand the notion of local distinctiveness and to “Arts and Culture” mandates that the State foster the help the local communities to have their voice be heard preservation, enrichment, and dynamic evolution of a through their involvement in the mapping process Filipino national culture based on the principle of unity (Taylor, 2013). in diversity in a climate of free artistic and intellectual expression. Furthermore, arts and letters shall enjoy the A 1994 monograph Mapping Culture proposes that: patronage of the State. The State shall conserve, promote and popularize the nation’s historical and cultural heritage “Cultural mapping involves a community and resources, as well as artistic creations (Republic Act identifying and documenting local cultural 7356). Since 2015, the National Commission for Culture resources. Through this research cultural elements and the Arts (NCCA) has been helping local government are recorded—that tangibles like galleries, craft units in the different regions of the Philippines, through industries, distinctive landmarks, local events and Technical Assistance for Cultural Mapping to empower industries, as well as that intangibles like memories, them in making a significant contribution to the personal histories, attitudes and values […] Cultural BU R&D Journal, Vol. 24, July 2021 Triunfante: Sense of Place of Polangui, Albay, Philippines: ISSN (Print): 0016-4139 | ISSN (Online): 2719-082X Identification of its Cultural Properties journal.bicol-u.edu.ph mapping is a way of defining what culture means to The term sense of place refers to the emotive the community, identifying the elements of culture bonds and attachments people develop or experience in that add value (both social and economic), recording, particular locations and environments, at scales ranging preserving or building on these elements in new and from the home to the nation (Azaryahu & Foote, 2009). creative ways.” It is also used to describe the distinctiveness or unique character of particular localities and regions. Places Cultural properties or assets refer to all products of having a strong sense of place have a strong identity and human creativity by which a people and nation reveal their that is deeply felt by the inhabitants and visitors (Bloom, identity, including churches, mosques and other places of 1990). religious worship, school, and natural history specimens and sites, whether public or privately-owned, movable Polangui is a first-class municipality in the province or immovable, and tangible or intangible (NCCA, of Albay, Philippines. It is a thriving, progressive first- 2019). According to Jaime B. Antonio Jr., Specialist class growth center, considered as the most promising Gender Equality, Diversity, and Culture and Sustainable and potential economic destination of flourishing trade Development, cultural mapping and resource profiling and commercial activities. It is composed of 44 barangays, is one of the systematic approaches in identifying, with a population of 88,221 people. It is located in the recording and classifying all existing cultural properties northeastern quadrant of the third district of Albay. or resources of the particular community in order to It is bounded in the north by the municipality of Buhi record, describe, visualize, and understand them. It is an and Iriga City of Camarines Sur, in the south by the ongoing process and many of its benefits can be achieved municipalities of Libon, Oas and Ligao City, and in the through the sustained efforts in generating and updating west by Tabaco City, and about 43 kilometers north of a cultural database over time. Evans (2008) as cited by Lee the Regional Center of Bicol Region, Legazpi City. The and Gilmore (2012) in their research article, emphasized map of Polangui showing the location of the barangays is that it has been a notable shift in the popularity and use of shown in Figure 1. cultural mapping as a methodology for policy making at a regional and local level. This follows increased demand In view of the general purpose of the study, which for an informed framework for planning arts and cultural technically and methodically involved collection, facilities from local and regional government and from classification, transcription and translation, and within the cultural sector. analysis of the cultural heritage, it is worthy to consider that studying it brings out a clear understanding and Moreover, it is a way of protecting and promoting appreciation of the place and its people as a society. the heritage of a community. It is a great necessity that every Filipino should start primarily with the study of his own regional identity before he can fully understand his national, as well as global identity in general. In other words, people should be directly participating in the continuing transformation of tradition and culture from where they may derive the identity vital to making life meaningful and stable. The main focus of this research was to map the cultural assets of Polangui, Albay, and identify and record its tangible and intangible cultural heritage that provides meaning and significance to the sense of place Figure 1. The Map of Polangui, Albay, Philippines of Polangueños. The tangibles are the physical patterns and components of our surroundings, and intangibles are the symbolic meanings and values attached to places, Materials and Methods and also to objects and traditional ways of expression in language, art, song, dance, and so on. They offer a past, This study is an ethnographic and qualitative are part of the present, and suggest future continuity. research which employed cultural mapping activity in With their identity and meaning, it gives rise to local collecting and recording the cultural assets of Polangui, distinctiveness and sense of place of indigenous and local Albay. It utilized the standard method and survey forms communities (Taylor, 2013). of NCCA in cultural mapping. Jimenez (1993) pointed 45 BU R&D Journal, Vol. 24, July 2021 ISSN (Print): 0016-4139 | ISSN (Online): 2719-082X Triunfante: Sense of Place of Polangui, Albay, Philippines: Identification of its Cultural Properties journal.bicol-u.edu.ph out that participant observation yields an understanding distinct phases or stages (Figure 3). First is the Scoping of the dynamics of some units of social organization, and Negotiation Phase, it involves familiarizing the particularly the “whys” and “hows” of the phenomena. mapping process, discussion of the needed participants Further, she stated that this method is concerned with and logistical requirements for the project. In this stage, the sociocultural and psycho aspects of human behavior, the provincial government of Albay together with Bicol as well as with behavior itself. The researcher made use University partnered with NCCA
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