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Comparison of Different Internal Dosimetry Systems for Selected Radionuclides Important to Nuclear Power Production

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Comparison of Different Internal Dosimetry Systems for Selected Radionuclides Important to Nuclear Power Production ORNL/TM-2013/226 Comparison of Different Internal Dosimetry Systems for Selected Radionuclides Important to Nuclear Power Production June 2013 R. W. Leggett K. F. Eckerman R. P. Manger Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 Prepared for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................ viii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ 1 Background ............................................................................................................................ 1 Objectives of this report ......................................................................................................... 1 Method of dose comparison ................................................................................................... 2 Main results ............................................................................................................................ 3 Differences in fundamental dosimetric concepts of NRC77 and later systems ................ 3 Comparison of dose estimates for individual radionuclides in drinking water ................. 4 Comparison of dose estimates for inhalation of individual radionuclides ........................ 5 Comparison of external dose coefficients in RG 1.109 and FGR-12 ................................ 9 Comparison of dose estimates for reference mixtures of radionuclides ........................... 9 Conclusions .......................................................................................................................... 10 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 11 2. SUMMARY OF THE PUB2, NRC77, PUB30, AND PUB72 SYSTEMS .......................... 13 2.1. Dosimetry system of Pub2 ............................................................................................ 13 2.1.1. Concept of a critical organ .................................................................................... 13 2.1.2. Respiratory tract model of Pub2 ............................................................................ 13 2.1.3. Gastrointestinal model of Pub2 ............................................................................. 15 2.1.4. Systemic biokinetic models of Pub2 ..................................................................... 15 2.1.5. Approach to internal dosimetry in Pub2 ............................................................... 16 2.2. Implementation of the Pub2 dosimetry system in NRC77............................................ 17 2.3. Dosimetry system of Pub30 .......................................................................................... 20 2.3.1. Concept of effective dose equivalent .................................................................... 20 2.3.2. Respiratory tract model of Pub30 .......................................................................... 21 2.3.3. Gastrointestinal model of Pub30 ........................................................................... 23 2.3.4. Systemic biokinetic models of Pub30 ................................................................... 24 2.3.5. Approach to internal dosimetry in Pub30 ............................................................. 25 2.4. Dosimetry system of Pub72 .......................................................................................... 26 2.4.1. Concept of effective dose ...................................................................................... 26 2.4.2. ICRP series on age-specific dose coefficients ....................................................... 27 2.4.3. Respiratory tract model of Pub72 .......................................................................... 28 2.4.4. Gastrointestinal model of Pub72 ........................................................................... 30 2.4.5. Systemic biokinetic models of Pub72 ................................................................... 30 2.4.6. Approach to internal dosimetry in Pub72 ............................................................. 32 3. COMPARISON OF IMPORTANT PARAMETERS IN DOSIMETRY MODELS ........... 33 3.1. Gastrointestinal absorption fractions ............................................................................ 33 3.2. Respiratory models........................................................................................................ 34 3.3. Systemic biokinetic models .......................................................................................... 38 ii CONTENTS (cont’d) 3.3.1. Hydrogen (as tritium) ............................................................................................ 38 3.3.2. Carbon ................................................................................................................... 38 3.3.3. Phosphorus ............................................................................................................ 39 3.3.4. Chromium .............................................................................................................. 40 3.3.5. Manganese ............................................................................................................. 40 3.3.6. Iron ........................................................................................................................ 41 3.3.7. Copper ................................................................................................................... 41 3.3.8. Cobalt .................................................................................................................... 42 3.3.9. Nickel .................................................................................................................... 42 3.3.10. Zinc ...................................................................................................................... 43 3.3.11. Strontium ............................................................................................................. 43 3.3.12. Yttrium ................................................................................................................ 44 3.3.13. Molybdenum ....................................................................................................... 44 3.3.14. Technetium .......................................................................................................... 45 3.3.15. Zirconium ............................................................................................................ 45 3.3.16. Niobium ............................................................................................................... 46 3.3.17. Ruthenium ........................................................................................................... 46 3.3.18. Silver ................................................................................................................... 47 3.3.19. Iodine ................................................................................................................... 47 3.3.20. Cesium ................................................................................................................. 48 3.3.21. Barium ................................................................................................................. 49 3.3.22. Lanthanum ........................................................................................................... 49 3.3.23. Neptunium ........................................................................................................... 50 4. COMPARISON OF INGESTION AND INHALATION DOSE COEFFICIENTS FOR EACH DOSIMETRY SYSTEM .......................................................................... 51 4.1. Dose quantities addressed ............................................................................................. 51 4.2. Comparisons of dose estimates for adults ..................................................................... 52 4.2.1. Ingestion ................................................................................................................ 52 4.2.2. Inhalation ............................................................................................................... 55 4.3. Comparison of age-specific dose estimates .................................................................. 57 4.3.1. Ingestion ................................................................................................................ 57 4.3.2. Inhalation ............................................................................................................... 62 4.4. Comparison of key dose quantities ............................................................................... 67 4.4.1. Ingestion ................................................................................................................ 67 4.4.2. Inhalation ............................................................................................................... 72 5. COMPARISON OF EXTERNAL DOSE COEFFICIENTS FROM NRC77 WITH UPDATED COEFFICIENTS ....................................................................................... 78 6. EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT
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