California State University, Fresno Armenian Studies Program Non-Profit and Armenian Students Organization U.S. Postage 5245 N. Backer Ave. M/S PB 4 PAID Fresno, CA 93740-8001 Permit No. 262 Change Service Requested FRESNO, CA HYE SHARZHOOM Armenian Action nd ՀԱՅ ՇԱՐԺՈՒՄ 42 Year March 2021 Vol. 42, No. 3 (153) Ethnic Supplement to The Collegian Interim President Dr. Jiménez- Intermediate Armenian Course Opens Doors Sandoval Has Valley Roots Interim President on January to New Worlds from the Comfort of Home 4, 2021. Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval Christine Pambukyan accepted this role after serving as Staff Writer the University’s Provost for the past year and a half. The position “Learning Armenian can open of Interim President opened with up a whole new world for students. the departure of former President I enjoy the process of interacting Dr. Joseph Castro, who was with students in teaching and in appointed as the eighth Chancellor sharing their success as they learn of the California State University. the language,” said Professor For almost twenty-one years Barlow Der Mugrdechian, Berber- Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval has been ian Coordinator of the Armenian Dr. Saúl Jiménez-Sandoval a part of the faculty at Fresno Studies Program at Fresno State. Dustin Vartanian State. He started his career as a Every Tuesday and Thursday Staff Writer Professor in the Department of from 3:30PM to 4:45PM, students Modern and Classical Languages in the Armenian 2A Intermediate “It is not just a job. These are and Literatures, then served as the Armenian course meet to develop my people. These are my family. Department Chair, and continuing their Armenian speaking, reading, These are my neighbors. These are to become the Dean of the College and writing skills during the my friends. These are the valley of Arts and Humanities in 2016. Top row, left to right, Dustin Vartanian, Prof. Barlow Der Mu- Spring 2021 semester. residents that come to Fresno Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval spent four grdechian, Christine Pambukyan. Second row, left to right: Due to Professor Der State and whom I appreciate years as Dean and then become Ariana Garabedian, Kara Statler, Olivia Soghomonian. Third Mugrdechian’s inclusive and deeply.” These are the words Fresno State’s Provost in July row, left to right: Caleb Arizmendez, Matthew Mugrdechian, practical approach, many find the of San Joaquin Valley native 2019. He was named Interim Angela Soghomonian. Fourth row, left to right, Sosse Bal- See Armenian Class Page 6 Dr. Saúl Jiménez-Sandoval, on President a year and a half later. oian, Andrew Hagopian, Milena Karapetyan. becoming Fresno State’s new This rapid transition and Interim President. promotions within a university is Armenian-American Sketches Awarded Aronian Dr. Saul Jimenez-Sandoval was See Interim President, Page 2 Book Prize for Excellence in Armenian Studies officially named as Fresno State’s Special to Hye Sharzhoom Revolutionaries: Armenians Kooyumjian Foundation Donates NAASR and the Connected Revolutions in the Russian, Iranian, and $50,000 for ASP Scholarships The National Association Ottoman Worlds (University of Staff Report from the Family Foundation, the for Armenian Studies and California Press) and Dr. Lou Ann Endowed Scholarship has reached Research (NAASR) is pleased Matossian, Dr. Vartan Matiossian, The Thomas A. Kooyumjian close to $400,000. The Fund will to announce the winners of the and the late Aris Sevag for the Family Foundation has made a provide scholarships to students 2020 Dr. Sona Aronian Book translation of Bedros Keljik’s donation of $50,000 in January of within the Armenian Studies Prizes for Excellence in Armenian Armenian-American Sketches 2021 to the Kooyumjian Endowed Program, in the College of Arts Studies: Prof. Houri Berberian (The Armenian Studies Series Scholarship Fund at Fresno State. for the monograph Roving of the Press at California State Together with previous donations See Kooyumjian, Page 5 University, Fresno). The 2020 Archive Photo: ASP The late Aris Sevag, the main Misak Medzarents: The Complete Lyric Poems See Aronian Prize page 5 translator of the book. Published as Volume 12 in Armenian Series Fresno State Alum Dr. Bohigian Staff Report Mugrdechian, general editor of the Armenian Series. “Dr. Explores Identity Through Music Armenian Studies Program Russell’s translation of one of the Director Prof. Barlow Der greatest of Armenian poets brings Mugrdechian announced the those works to a wider audience.” publication of Dr. James R. James R. Russell is Mashtots Russell’s Misak Medzarents: The Professor of Armenian Studies at Complete Lyric Poems, Volume Harvard University, Emeritus. His 12 in the Armenian Series of books include Zoroastrianism in The Press at California State Armenia (1987), The Heroes of University, Fresno. Kasht: An Armenian Epic (2000), Misak Medzarents, 1886-1908, and Bosphorus Nights: The was the second great lyric poet of Complete Lyric Poems of Bedros the Western Armenian language Tourian (2005). after Bedros Tourian. During his Copies of Misak Medzarents: tragically short life he published realms of joy; though in his final The Complete Lyric Poems are several slim volumes of verse. verses, published posthumously, available for purchase from: Abril The poems, written in a complex there are hints of a transition to a Bookstore, http:///abrilbooks.com Dr. Joseph Bohigian discussed his recent doctoral composi- and allusive language that deploys realistic, urban style and political, or the National Association for tion, “The Water Has Found Its Crack.” Photo: ASP Archive ancient Armenian, local dialect, revolutionary themes. This is the Armenian Studies & Research and the vocabulary of Symbolism first complete translation of his (NAASR) Bookstore, https:// Sosse Baloian childhood village in Turkey. combine vivid evocations of works, together with the Armenian naasr.org/collections/naasr- Staff Writer When the question arose of where the traditional rural life of his text, into any language. bookstore. her burial ought to take place, a home village, fabulous nocturnal “Misak Medzarents: The For bulk orders please contact In a 2005 article written by villager responded, “Let her be reveries, cries of loneliness, Complete Lyric Poems is a the Armenian Studies Program, Agos newspaper editor Hrant buried here... the water has found and celebrations of nature and significant work in Armenian at 559.278.2669 or by email at Dink, a French-Armenian woman its crack.” This story embodies life. He was a poet native to the literature,” said Prof. Der [email protected]. passed away while visiting her See Bohigian Page 7 2 Hye Sharzhoom March 2021 California State University, Fresno Armenian Studies Program Fall 2021 Schedule of Courses Course Units Time Day Instructor General Education-Breadth, Humanities, Area C2 • Arm 1A-Elementary Armenian 4 10:00A-11:50A MW B. Der Mugrdechian (Class #72435) General Education-Breadth, Arts, Area C1 • ArmS 20-Arts of Armenia 3 9:30A-10:45A TuTh B. Der Mugrdechian Interim President Dr. Saúl Jiménez-Sandoval and family: (Class #72968) from left, Leo, Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval, Dr. Mariana Anagnos- General Education-Breadth, Area D3 topoulos, and Arion. Photo: Campus News • ArmS 10-Intro Arm Studies 3 9:00A-09:50A MWF H. Ohanessian nterim resident I P , to Armenian Studies you see this (Class #73272) From Page 1 enrichment of the Valley life. You General Education-Integration, Area IC unique for a University President. see appreciation of this important • Arm 148-Mastrpcs Arm Cult 3 10:00A-10:50A MWF H. Ohanessian “Though it might seem like a part of our community as well (Class #73978) fast transitional period, I have and then at the same time you also • Arm 148-Mastrpcs Arm Cult 3 2:00P-3:15P MW H. Ohanessian very deep roots with Fresno forge strong connections with State and in the Valley as well. each other,” added Dr. Jiménez- (Class #73350) I intentionally stayed at Fresno Sandoval. Upper Division Armenian Studies Course State because I see this as a life In addition, Interim Pres- • ArmS 108A-Arm History I 3 11:00A-12:15P TuTh B. Der Mugrdechian mission more than a job. I see ident Sandoval-Jiménez has (Class #73761) this as an opportunity to give strengthened ties with the Upper Division Armenian Studies Course back to the community that really Armenian culture by visiting empowered me with strength Armenia in 2019. “It was a trip • ArmS 120T-Intro Gen Studies 3 2:00P-3:15P TuTh Kazan Visiting Prof. to become the person that I of discovery really,” Dr. Jiménez- (Class #76637) am today,” said Dr. Jiménez- Sandoval stated. “I learned a lot. I Get a Minor in Armenian Studies Sandoval. remember being at the Armenian Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval grew Genocide Memorial in Yerevan For more information call the Armenian Studies Program at 278-2669. and just seeing and feel the history up in Fowler, California and Check on requirements for the Minor in Armenian Studies in the current catalog. developed close ties with the and the pain and suffering, and at local Armenian community. “I the same time the resilience and appreciated my Armenian friends the hope of the people.” growing up in Fowler. My parents The Interim President’s goals HYE SHARZHOOM and I lived in a home about five for Fresno State in the near future blocks away from Fowler High include re-populating the campus, School. Every day I would walk increasing four-year graduation ՀԱՅ ՇԱՐԺՈՒՄ to High School and I would rates, building Fresno State-local pass by the Armenian Church industry partnerships, and to Editor Staff Writers [St. Gregory the Illuminator elevate Fresno State’s University Andrew Hagopian Arshak Abelyan Apostolic Church] that is right brand and to showcase how proud next to the school. So once you we are of our premiere University. Layout Sosse Baloian Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval’s advice get to know the history, once Barlow Der Mugrdechian Sara Beberian you get to know the background, for students at Fresno State this Michael Mazman once you get to know who your year is to “try to see the forest” Photographers neighbors are, you begin to build because “the pandemic has forced Christine Pambukyan bridges of understanding and us to look at the tree right in front Andrew Hagopian Carina Tokatian bridges of collaboration,” stated of you” and it will eventually be Barlow Der Mugrdechian Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval. over. “Students need to know Dustin Vartanian Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval, devel- how to bounce back and to seek oped additional ties with the out help from the many services Advisor Armenian community while available for students,” affirmed Barlow Der Mugrdechian he was a professor and later Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval. “No one Dean of the College of Arts should feel that they are alone.” [email protected] and Humanities. Dr. Jiménez- Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval is Armenian Studies Program Faculty: Sandoval has a deep appreciation looking forward to eventually for the multitude of cultures in having students back onto Barlow Der Mugrdechian, Berberian Coordinator, Armenian Studies Program and the Fresno area as it is the “Ninth- campus. “This pandemic has Director of the Center for Armenian Studies, ASO Advisor, Hye Sharzhoom Advisor most diverse city in the United really prevented us from getting ([email protected]) States.” together and from celebrating Sergio La Porta, Haig and Isabel Berberian Professor of Armenian Studies, The Armenian Studies Program who we are as a community,” is another factor that enriches our said Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval. Interim Associate Dean, College of Arts & Humanities community. “Armenian Studies “A university is more than Hagop Ohanessian, Lecturer, Armenian Studies Program represents a way to celebrate our knowledge, more than a diploma, Dickran Kouymjian, Berberian Professor Emeritus of Armenian Studies various cultures in the Valley. it is an experience.” Right now, the majority of Despite the difficult situations Give Your Way students that are taking Armenian a President may face, especially Hye Sharzhoom is an ethnic supplement of The Colle- Studies are not Armenian, and during these times, when the to the Armenian gian and is the newspaper of the Fresno State Armenian what is the value of that? There opportunity for Interim President Studies Program Students Organization and the Armenian Studies Pro- is huge value in that. The value is opened, Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval gram and is funded by the Associated Students. Articles that in exposing non-Armenians was “all-in.” There are many may be reprinted provided Hye Sharzhoom is acknowl- ways to support edged. Hye Sharzhoom welcomes prose, poetry, articles the Armenian and other material from its student readers. For further Visit the Armenian Studies Program information concerning the newspaper or the Armenian Studies Program. Studies Program contact us at:

Online Library and Photo Archive Armenian Studies Program 1) A gift today could come The site can be accessed at through the donation of 5245 N. Backer Ave. PB4 Fresno, CA 93740-8001 http://www.fresnostate.edu/artshum/ cash, stock, or goods. Telephone 559.278.2669 armenianstudies/library/index.html 2) The Armenian Studies Program can also be sup- www.fresnostate.edu/armenianstudies ported in the future in es- [email protected] tate plans. March 2021 Hye Sharzhoom 3 Dr. Gürsel Discusses Research The Artsakh War of 2020 and Armenia Subject of a on Ottoman Armenian Emigrants Conversation with Political Analyst Eric Hacopian Through “Portraits of Unbelonging” Arshak Abelyan Staff Writer

The second Artsakh war that was initiated by the Republic of Azerbaijan against the Republic of Artsakh served to relay another reminder to the Armenian people of their past struggles that have now extended into the present. On Saturday, January 30th, 2021, Eric Hacopian, a political correspondent from CivilNet in Armenia joined the Fresno State community through the Zoom platform to discuss this specific event and the unresolved issues that remain. His talk “The Artsakh Archive Photo: ASP War and Armenia: A Conversation Eric Hacopian Dr. Zeynep Devrim Gürsel presented her research on Arme- with Eric Hacopian,” was a failed agenda for the past twenty old regime, Nikol Pashinyan will nian emigrants in the late Ottoman Empire. Photo: ASP Archive moderated by Prof. Barlow Der to thirty years. “We were entirely stay, because as much as people Carina Tokatian that “her living room has become Mugrdechian, and was conducted isolated and had no friends, and might be disappointed with him Staff Writer my home base in California, and in a question-and-answer format. as I had said before, Azerbaijan thinking he made mistakes or she remains a very important The 44-day war in Artsakh had friends and we [Armenians] even hate him, the overwhelming The French philosopher touchstone every step of the way began on September 27, 2020 had acquaintances,” asserted majority of people fear the old Roland Barthes once wrote, in this project.” and resulted in the deaths of Hacopian. regime coming back far more so “When we define the photograph At the time when the many soldiers and civilians. When Hacopian was asked why than him,” asserted Hacopian. as motionless images, this does photographs were taken under Young Armenian conscripts, previous Armenian governments As for what lays ahead for not mean only that the figures it the Sultan’s leadership, there born in the years of 2000-2002, were unable to resolve this the Armenian people, Hacopian represents do not move; it means was much political turmoil in constituted a majority of those conflict, he stated that the issue believes that there should be that they do not emerge, do not the Ottoman Empire. Greece and who died. Hacopian emphasized had always been that “Azerbaijan a push to build a functional leave: they are anesthetized and Bulgaria had become independent this point by saying, “Every day is not interested in compromise, economy that works for the fastened down, like butterflies.” nations and the influx of Muslim at 10 o’clock at night, you would Azerbaijan wants Artsakh back people. His second point is that Ironically, as Dr. Zeynep Devrim refugees from the Caucasus and see the names of everyone who without any Armenians.” He the current state structure is Gürsel highlights, the Ottoman the Balkans affected the political lost their lives on every news gave examples of political problematic, and he suggested Empire’s use of photographs as landscape of the region. “It was station, and you know that half of figures such as Armenia’s former that it should be restructured an instrument of enforcing the a time when individuals were those kids were born in 2001 and President Robert Kocharyan. “In or rebuilt from scratch. He also permanent emigration of many shifting from being considered 2002. There is nobody here that 2001 Kocharyan offered all of addressed the military and how Armenians presents a paradox to and considering themselves as is not glad that the war is over.” the occupied territories except its development would inevitably Barthes’ statement; migration is subjects to becoming citizens,” It was not just lives that were for Lachin in exchange for the create a “military-industrial rendered in the stills. Dr. Gürsel noted. She added lost, but based on the November independence of Artsakh. From complex,” which would also On the evening of Thursday, that this especially served as an 9, 2020 cease-fire statement, what the stories are, [Azerbaijan’s bring in efforts to bring back and February 25, the Armenian intriguing moment to examine seven districts of Artsakh were President] Heydar Aliyev reintroduce science education and Studies Program sponsored photography “since even when transferred to Azerbaijani control, accepted it but then when he programming work back to the a virtual lecture presented on they depict types or groups, forcing many Armenian civilians returned to Baku, he was talked country. Zoom and YouTube by media photographs always index to seek refuge in the Republic of out of the deal,” said Hacopian. While the future remains anthropologist Dr. Zeynep individuals.” Armenia. On the other hand, the current uncertain for Artsakh, Hacopian Devrim Gürsel. The topic of Overall, Dr. Gürsel managed to The end of the war brought situation also sparked another highlighted that the immediate her lecture was “Portraits of collect 109 photos from Ottoman forth many questions, many topic of discussion during this main goal is to solidify the Unbelonging: Photography, the State archives in Istanbul. These unresolved issues, and many conversation with Professor current situation and to maintain Ottoman State and Armenians came from various files such as more concerns that were a Der Mugrdechian. When news the security of the people living Leaving for America 1896-1908.” the Ministry of Interior or Foreign direct result of this war. “The broke that Prime Minister Nikol in Artsakh. When asked about the Dr. Gürsel is currently Associate Affairs folders. Other photos were one institution that had a lot of Pashinyan signed the trilateral long-term solution to the conflict, Professor in the Department stand-alone archives. Each one credibility in this country was agreement on November 9, he responded with the following, of Anthropology at Rutgers depicts a variety of individuals the military. There was this many protestors forcibly entered “First of all, you are dealing with University. She has previously – men, women, family elders, myth that you had a competitive Armenia’s National Assembly a neo-fascist regime [Azerbaijan]. authored Image Brokers: children, infants, urban elites, military that was capable, unlike building and took to the Let us just be clear about it, you Visualizing World News in the peasants, and the like. The flip other state institutions, and who streets calling for Pashinyan’s know you are dealing with a with Age of Digital Circulation and side of each photograph contains could do the job well. We found resignation. Many images were a regime that has made its entire directed the 2009 documentary individual’s names, ages, always out that is not true, so that is the broadcast showing protestors state identity based on hatred of Coffee Futures. the fathers’ names, and the home most devastating thing,” stated vandalizing the building and Armenians.” It was after a frustrating villages of the pictured. Some Hacopian. beating the President of the Hacopian concluded by saying research day that Dr. Gürsel even noted ties the photographed According to Hacopian, National Assembly of the that he is optimistic about the initially took interest in individuals had to those who had the collective issue was Republic of Armenia, Ararat future and the possible end of photographs of Armenian fam- migrated before them. the lack of preparation and Mirzoyan. Hacopian argued that the conflict. “People have to ilies who emigrated from the Dr. Gürsel emphasized the fact unprofessionalism on the part these actions by the protestors, reach an understanding that ends Ottoman Empire during the that these are “certainly not family of the military which paved the whom he suspects are supporters this conflict in a way that is fair reign of Sultan Abdülhamid II. portraits taken to commemorate path towards a loss of trust from of the opposition, brought a or perceived to be fair by every After seeing a couple of these a moment of togetherness.” the public. He explained that negative perception towards party. We won the war in 1994 portraits, she recalled, “I just was Rather they served as “a form Armenian leadership should have themselves from the public. For but we lost the peace, they won mesmerized by the photographs, of exclusion.” The Armenians placed an emphasis on creating this reason, argued Hacopian, the war in 2020 and they could and I couldn’t stop thinking who posed for these pictures closer ties with other states and Pashinyan is still in power. lose the peace, so at some point about them.” She wondered who had renounced their Ottoman organizations diplomatically, “As long as the alternative to we are going to have to reach an the photos belonged to or who nationality and promised to never which he says was neglected and the current Prime Minister is the understanding.” might appreciate them. “I felt return to the Ottoman Empire. compelled to bring them into the As she noted, “the operative photos were required of to Constantinople. In total, about had to undergo this process of present day and take them out temporality in these photographs Armenians wishing to leave the 5,000 individuals emigrated to renouncing their nationality if of the state archives in Istanbul is not so much what has been Ottoman Empire, usually through America under this process, they desired to leave. However, and into Armenian communities” but what must never be again.” one of four main ports: Samsun, submitting more than 1,500 the regulations applied only to she stated. Knowing little about Displaying a photograph taken in Trabizon, Mersin, and Iskenderun. portraits to Constantinople. Armenians as Dr. Gürsel stated Armenian history at the time, Bitlis, Dr. Gürsel explained how Prior to this period, Armenians The regulations made no that Lebanese Christians were she credited Alice Kaloustian, her use of the phrase, “portrait needed to obtain permission distinction between the various required to do the exact opposite. the mother of a dear friend, for of unbelonging” is meant to individually from the Sultan in Armenians who were to go They were to pledge to keep their helping her initiate the project. convey that the photo “captures order to emigrate. However, his through this process whether Ottoman nationality in order to “Alice was extremely supportive the process of making this family 1896 decree permitted Armenians they were Apostolic, Catholic, or travel. and within hours she had made into immigrants and unmaking to leave as long as they obtained a Protestant. Even Assyrians who Equating the photographs key introductions to several them as Ottoman nationals.” document from the Patriarch and were leaving in order to marry people,” she recalled. She added From 1896 to 1908, these two copies of a photo to be sent Armenians already in America See Gürsel page 8 4 Hye Sharzhoom March 2021 Prof. James Russell Discusses His New Book on Fall 2020 Graduates Minoring the Western Armenian Poet Misak Medzarents in Armenian Studies of his poems for the ceremony. significant work because it is preparing to take the Medical “It is not, in my opinion, one the first English translation of College Admission Test and I of Medzarents’ best poems, the entire works of Medzarents,” hope to apply to medical schools but it is well crafted and got said Prof. Der Mugrdechian, not long after. I am also working me hooked, and soon after one general editor of the Fresno State as a scribe in the emergency found the really good stuff,” he Armenian Series. He asserted how department of a hospital in order acknowledged. Consequently, “this work will be an important to increase my exposure to the this began Prof. Russell’s years- addition to the study of the practice of medicine. I enjoyed long labor towards the translation early twentieth century Western volunteering during my time of all of Medzarents’ poetry. Armenian poets and writers.” in college. I hope to get more Misak Medzarents was born on The book begins with a few involved with the community in Photo: ASP Archive Photo: ASP January 18, 1886 in the village of of Medzarents’ poems that were the coming months and donate my Dr. James Russell ikran zhezyan Pingian near Akn in the Armenian published in his lifetime and then D D time to people or organizations in Bachelor of Science Carina Tokatian highlands. Prof. Russell explained follows with a chronological need of volunteers. in Biology Staff Writer that Medzarents, like many other arrangement of his additional Armenian Studies Minor Armenians, “moved because of works. Arranging the poems in Spanish Minor “Small peoples have a right to the circumstances of security the same order as the Critical survive, with our languages, our and the necessity of a livelihood Edition published in Yerevan What encouraged you to take heritage, and our poetry, too: we to the great cosmopolitan in the former Soviet Armenia, an Armenian Studies course? contribute our verse to the great capital, Constantinople.” In Prof. Russell explained how My brother, who is also a Fresno play of human life on God’s Constantinople, Medzarents native Armenian speakers can State graduate, was the one who earth,” stated Prof. James Russell, attended the Central High School easily refer to the original texts. originally introduced me to the Mashtots Professor of Armenian (Kentronakan) and became Alongside his translations, are Armenian Studies courses. His Studies, Emeritus, at Harvard acquainted with Armenian commentaries in which Prof. praise of the classes persuaded University, as he reflected on his historical and religious writing, Russell delves into some of the me to enroll in an Arts of Armenia latest work Misak Medzarents: including texts in Grabar linguistic and thematic features course taught by Professor Barlow The Complete Lyric Poems. (Classical Armenian). He also of each poem. Der Mugrdechian. I enjoyed the Krystal King Translated and edited by Prof. became actively engaged with the “Prof. Russell’s annotations course so much that I decided to Bachelor of Arts Russell, Misak Medzarents: literature, society, and political of the poetry put Medzarents’ keep taking classes offered by in Liberal Studies The Complete Lyric Poems life of Armenians there during his work into the context of world the Program and before I knew Armenian Studies Minor is an English translation and teenage years. Although his birth poetry,” Prof. Der Mugrdechian it, I had completed a Minor in commentary of Western Armenian name was Misak Medzadourian, noted. “Armenian poetry is part Armenian Studies. What encouraged you to take poet Misak Medzarents’ works. It the young poet soon adopted of world poetry and Medzarents What was your favorite an Armenian Studies course? has been printed as Volume 12 of “Medzarents” and “Dziadzan” is a noteworthy poet, whose Armenian Studies class, One of my friends had actually the Armenian Series of The Press (which means “Rainbow”) as pen work is now accessible to a larger activity, or event? encouraged me to take an at California State University, names. audience.” My favorite activity was the Armenian Studies class as an Fresno. Profs. Der Mugrdechian “The core of his work is To finish the book on 2017 Summer Study excursion elective. As the semester went and La Porta expertly shepherded a happy childhood full of Medzarents, Prof. Russell headed to Armenia, organized by the along, I started to become more the publication of the book. mystical, supernatural feelings: to Jerusalem on a sabbatical in Armenian Studies Program. It passionate about the language Prof. Russell’s scholarship unlike much Armenian poetry, 2015 where he lived an apartment was an unforgettable experience and history. As a result, I decided primarily focuses on Ancient Medzarents is cheerful, even that overlooked the village of Ein that allowed me to connect with to pursue the Minor! Near Eastern, Iranian, and luminous,” remarked Prof. Kerem, where his relatives live, my Armenian roots as well as my What was your favorite Armenian studies. When asked Russell. In contrast to other to complete the book. fellow classmates. After reading Armenian Studies class, what piqued his interest in this Armenian poets, Prof. Russell “The English Medzarents all about Armenian architecture, activity, or event? field, Prof. Russell traced his highlighted Medzarents’ warm really could come to be, only in culture, and history, it was nice I absolutely love learning curiosity to the year 1969 when and friendly voice. “There is a part of the world near and like to see many of the things I had different languages, so for me, the he visited Yerevan in the course always the image of the sun his own, the Middle East,” stated studied in person. The trip was elementary Armenian courses, 1A of a summer high school study breaking through the clouds and Prof. Russell. But it was not the perfect capstone experience and 1B, were by far my favorite trip in the Soviet Union. It was the raindrops turning to crystal,” solely the climate and atmosphere for my Armenian Studies Minor. courses. Not to mention that at that time that he became he said admiringly. of Jerusalem that Prof. Russell What did you value most Professor Der Mugrdechian made fascinated by the architecture, Another aspect that found compelling. He felt he from your experiences in the the classes fun, interesting, and alphabet, manuscripts, and food distinguishes Medzarents’ writing was helping to resurrect a poet Armenian Studies Program? memorable. of the Armenian people. is the rich and broad vocabulary who needed to be known to the I feel the community was the most What did you value most “It was a romantic obsession he employs throughout his works. world. He had edited, translated valuable part of the Program. The from your experiences in the that led to a lifetime of research “There are overtones of the pagan and published a series of poems Armenian Studies Program at Armenian Studies Program? and teaching that involved the song of Vahagn, of the revels from a cache of manuscripts that Fresno State does an exceptional What I valued most were the other cultures of the region with of King Arshak II in the fourth Charents buried before his arrest job at bringing together people guest speakers and lectures! It which Armenians interacted century, of the medieval spiritual and murder in 1937 by the Soviet of all backgrounds to celebrate was always a delight to learn more over millennia, principally Iran,” hymns called sharakans, of his secret police. Armenian history and culture. about Armenia and Armenians’ recalled Prof. Russell. mother’s lullabies and the songs Years later, Prof. Russell I met so many influential history from different points of Since then, Prof. Russell of plowmen, and of the folklore discovered that one of his own professors, researchers, and view. Not only were these events has dedicated much attention of his native village Pingian,” Jewish ancestors, a Hasidic writers in the field of Armenian interesting, but they enriched my to the Armenian literature of said Prof. Russell. Embedding Rabbi in the Warsaw Ghetto, studies, all while making experience with the Minor. the Classical, medieval, and themes from all those sources, he buried his own manuscript. Rabbi wonderful friendships with What are your plans after modern periods, from pre- equated Medzarents’ writing to a Shapira was murdered in the Nazi fellow classmates and Armenians graduation? Christian mythology and folk “polyphonic symphony heard as Holocaust, but his book survived, of the Central Valley. I have enrolled in Fresno State’s epics such as David of Sasun one travels in a time machine.” and is studied in both Hebrew and What are your plans after teaching credential program. Once to the Soviet Armenian poet Just like his language, the English. graduation? done, I will seek employment as Yeghishe Charents. However, content of Medzarents’ poems The architects of the Armenian I am eager to pursue a graduate either a middle school or high when he learned that the United is extensive. Prof. Russell noted Genocide wanted not just to kill education. Currently, I am school math teacher. Nations Educational, Scientific that Medzarents “writes about the Armenians but to erase their and Cultural Organization sunrise, village fields, hearing a literary heritage as well. Now Russell would like to translate has no specific agenda. Instead, (UNESCO) had classified the song, home, his mother’s prayers, Tourian and Medzarents can be next the collection of poems he feels that “each reader has Western Armenian language as spirits who live in the water, read, not only in the original, but entitled Nojastan (“The Cypress a particular soul, a path and endangered, Prof. Russell felt a reveries when he’s sitting alone in English translations whose Grove”) by the Western Armenian purpose in life that God has made moral obligation to devote greater at night dreaming of feasts and accompanying commentary intro- poet and mystic Diran Cherakian, for them alone.” Therefore, he attention to Western Armenian dances and beautiful girls, but duces the reader into the world also known by his anagrammatic hopes that “this volume of all of literature. He produced the first also hunger, poverty, cruelty, the from which they came. pen name “Indra.” Medzarents’ work, like any good translation and commentary, in Armenians’ struggle for freedom, Prof. Russell recalls the words Ultimately, Dr. Russell book, can be a companion for any language, of Bedros Tourian’s and revolution.” of the late Prof. Eric Hamp, a believes that he has achieved a them.” complete lyric poems and other Towards the end of his life, linguist from the University of translation of the works of Misak With a concluding reference works in his book Bosphorus however, Medzarents adopted Chicago, at a conference in Soviet Medzarents that “is both accurate to Walt Whitman’s well-known Nights. a “new, sharper, bleaker style” Armenia many years ago. and songful, and commentaries poem, “Oh Me! Oh Life!”, Dr. It was because of a wedding that that reminded Prof. Russell of Hamp “got up at a banquet that guide the reader through Russell added that he hopes Prof. Russell was first introduced poets such as the Russian bard to raise a toast to small peoples, the intricacies of the poet’s the book may inspire readers to to the Western Armenian bard, Vladimir Mayakovsky or the who have a right to survive.” The workshop.” “contribute your verse, the one Misak Medzarents. young Charents. “small peoples” still need friends When asked what he would that is uniquely yours, the one An acquaintance in Boston “Misak Medzarents: The and defenders. Their literatures like readers to know after reading you were made, here and now, to had asked him to translate one Complete Lyric Poems is a have a right to survive. Prof. the poems, he explained that he say.” March 2021 Hye Sharzhoom 5 Dr. Shemmassian Presents His New Book Aronian Prize, From Page 1 The Armenians of Musa Dagh for Fresno State awards are for books with a 2019 in 1891; and how they gave rise publication date. to disputes between the three NAASR’s Aronian Book denominations, confessional Prizes were established in 2014 disagreements, and education by the late Dr. Aronian and Dr. in the region. Then, the fourth Geoffrey Gibbs, to be awarded chapter discusses the strides made annually to outstanding scholarly in education by the Apostolic, works in the English language in Catholic, and Protestant the field of Armenian Studies and Armenians of Musa Dagh. All translations from Armenian into of the schools in the region English. were elementary schools, so The prize awarded for the scholars left for higher education translation of Keljik’s Armenian- to Europe, central Turkey, and American Sketches (originally Lebanon. The fifth chapter describes the been broken at any moment. The revolution movement in Musa reappearance of the Keljik stories Dagh through the records of the really was due to the passion of French, Austria-Hungarians, every individual along the way.” The Armenians of Musa Dagh is Volume 11 in The Armenian Antioch representatives the Echoing these sentiments, Marc Series of The Press at California State University, Fresno. A.R.F. Federation, and the Mamigonian noted that “in Christine Pambukyan and celebrations of Armenian Hunchak Party. The sixth chapter awarding the prize for Armenian- American Sketches, we recognize Staff Writer holidays. He was also exposed describes the massacres of Musa to the dialects of Musa Dagh Dagh that occurred around the the important contribution “I did not have an agenda… I through conversations between time of the Adana Massacres in the book makes to expanding did not want to prove anything. the adults in his family. When he the late 19th century. They were I just wanted to bring all the began writing his master’s thesis able to resist, but those working Translator and co-editor sources from all angles, from all about the connection between the for the Ottoman Turkish landlords Dr. Lou Ann Matossian perspectives, from all kinds of homeland and the Armenians in were massacred. The chapter also organizations and institutions in Lebanon and Syria, he also began mentions the relief movement published in 1944 in Armenian order for me to draw a picture to collect information about Musa by Europe, missionaries, the as Amerigahay Badgerner), of Musa Dagh,” said Dr. Vahram Dagh. He wrote information he Armenian General Benevolent recognizes a team effort which Shemmassian, director of the learned on paper, wrappers, and Union, the Armenian prelate includes the efforts of the three Armenians Studies Program at anything he could get his hands of Aleppo, and the Armenian translators, Aris Sevag, Dr. the California State University on as he asked the surprised Patriarchate of Istanbul; as well Lou Ann Matossian, and Dr. of Northridge, while discussing survivors about Musa Dagh. as the employment project of Vartan Matiossian, as well as the publication’s co-editors his newest publication, The One unfortunate day during the widows and orphans of massacre Co-editor Christopher Atamian and Barlow Armenians of Musa Dagh: From Lebanese war, his home was victims to avoid prostitution by Christopher Atamian Obscurity to Genocide Resistance bombed resulting in the death the Turkish and Kurdish members Der Mugrdechian. (Matossian and Fame 1840 – 1915. of his mother. After this, he was of the Ottoman Empire. our knowledge of Armenian- Within his new book, Dr. even more interested in writing The concluding chapter of American literature and culture. Shemmassian, a descendant about Musa Dagh and continued the book discusses the resistance I wish that our late friend and of the people of Musa Dagh, his research. of the Armenians against the colleague Aris Sevag were alive to presents a comprehensive history After describing his journey Ottoman Turks from a historical receive this award along with Lou of Armenians of Musa Dagh of extensive research about Musa perspective, including the Ann and Vartan, and I am grateful and how the Armenians rose to Dagh, Dr. Shemmassian gave widespread press coverage the that Asdghig can accept on his prominence with their resistance an overview of each chapter in event received. behalf. Furthermore, while the during the Genocide of 1915. his book. The first chapter of Finally, the epilogue notes prize itself is given to translators, Through seven chapters and an the publication gives a general and describes the forgotten we also want to acknowledge epilogue containing maps, tables, background of Musa Dagh. It history of the two thousand Musa with gratitude the vital efforts of and many rare photographs of the includes the origins of the name Dagh Armenians that elected Christopher Atamian and Barlow people who called Musa Dagh “Musa Dagh,” the names and to be deported to Hama, Syria Der Mugrdechian in making this their home, Dr. Shemmassian origins of the villages, statistics because they did not believe that Translator publication a reality.” analyzes the social, economic, about the population and weather resistance would be successful. Dr. Vartan Matiossian Authors or publishers wishing political, and educational history of the regions, geographical One thousand of them perished also served as a co-editor.) Lou to submit books for consideration of the region made up of six descriptions, and information due to famine, disease, and Ann Matossian first translated for future Aronian Prizes may Armenian villages. about the neighbors of the region. exposure. one of Keljik’s “sketches” and contact NAASR Director of On Saturday, February 6, The second chapter discusses Dr. Shemmassian concluded published it in Ararat Quarterly 2021, Dr. Shemmassian discussed the socioeconomic conditions his discussion by emphasizing in 1997 and subsequently lectured his new book, The Armenians of of Musa Dagh; particularly the the importance of being impartial on Keljik at NAASR in 2010; the Musa Dagh, through a virtual progression and change that came and honest while writing history. late Aris Sevag translated the presentation on Zoom. In his after British diplomat John Baker He asserted that we must step remainder of the book prior to his discussion, Dr. Shemmassian introduced new fruits, vegetables, away from the romanticization death in 2006; and Dr. Matiossian described his experiences writing and sericulture (silkworm culture) of history because it can be translated additional Keljik pieces the book, what he learned, and to the Armenians of Musa Dagh detrimental to the purpose of published in the Baikar Annual in the contents within the five upon retiring in the region. It history: to tell and documents the 1940s. hundred and fifty-five pages. The also discusses animal husbandry the events of the past for future As Dr. Matossian commented, Armenians of Musa Dagh was and comb making in Yoronolok, generations. “If Leo Hamalian and Aris published as volume 11 in the the region Dr. Shemmassian’s At the end of the discussion, Sevag had not published the Co-editor Prof. Barlow Armenian Series of The Press father is from; immigration to the viewers were able to ask Dr. early translations, or Marc Der Mugrdechian at California State University, United States; and heavy taxation Shemmassian and Professor Mamigonian had not invited a Fresno. the Armenians had to endure with Barlow Der Mugrdechian ques- lecture on Keljik, or Christopher Academic Affairs Marc A. Dr. Shemmassian began with the region. tions about the book through Atamian had not taken an interest, Mamigonian [email protected]. an overview of his connections The third chapter discusses the chat function on Zoom. A or Barlow Der Mugrdechian had The full version of this article to Musa Dagh and his research. the Armenian Apostolic Church. recording of the discussion, along not accepted our proposal, or can be accessed at: https:// Because he was born and raised It also mentions the Protestant with other lectures of this semester Vartan Matiossian and the Keljik naasr.org/blogs/news/naasr- in Lebanon, he only knew about missionary inroads to Musa Dagh can be found on the Armenian brothers had not come on board, announces-winners-of-2020- Musa Dagh through memorials in June of 1840 and the Catholics Studies YouTube Channel at or Asdghig Sevag [widow of the sona-aronian-armenian-studies- http://bit.ly/armenianstudies. late Aris] and the donors been less book-prizes. ooyumjian rom age K , F P 1 financial need. Also, The Armenians of Musa generous, this chain could have and Humanities at Fresno State. Thomas A. Kooyumjian Dagh is available for purchase Per the endowment’s conditions, passed away in 1985 and his through Abril Bookstore at “All Things Armenian” Radio Hour scholarship recipients shall have Foundation was established in https://www.abrilbooks.com, Multicultural 1600AM a) a cumulative GPA of 3.0 or 1987. The goals of the Foundation The National Association for greater; shall be b) enrolled in are to encourage education, with Armenian Studies and Research Sundays • 2:00-3:00PM any course within the Armenian an emphasis on the appreciation Bookstore at https://naasr. Studies Program at Fresno State, of fine arts. org/pages/bookstore, and the and on The Armenian Studies Program and c) recipients shall have Armenian Missionary Association SoCalArmenian.com and KLOS-FM 95.5HD3 submitted a personal statement expresses its appreciation for the of America Bookstore at https:// Wednesdays • 9:00-10:00PM speaking to the applicant’s generous donation. amaa.org/bookstore/. 6 Hye Sharzhoom March 2021 Society for Armenian Studies “All Things Armenian” Interviews a Variety of (SAS) Holds Its 46th Annual Guests Each Sunday on Multicultural1600AM Membership Meeting January 16 Sara Beberian Staff Writer

Want to feel more connected to your local Armenian community? The podcast “All Things Armenian” is the place for you! Airing from 2:00-3:00PM every Sunday on Multicultural 1600AM and hosted by Professor Barlow Der Mugrdechian from the Armenian Studies Program at Fresno State, listeners enjoy Society for Armenian Studies President Dr. Bedross Der hearing interviews covering Matossian conducted the SAS Annual Meeting. a variety of topics including; music, art, Fresno State news, Staff Report mentoring SAS graduate and cultural topics pertaining to Photo: ASP Archive Photo: ASP students; and 3) disseminating the Armenian community. On January 16, 2021, the knowledge about Armenian With over 65 interviews Some of the recent guests on “All Things Armenian.” Top Society for Armenian Studies Studies throughout the world. already completed, the show has row, left to right, Dr. Ann Karagozian, Dr. Saúl Jiménez-San- (SAS) held its 46th Annual In order to strengthen ties a little something for everyone. doval, Dr. Khatchig Mouradian. Bottom row, left to right, Dr. Membership Meeting on Zoom. with Armenia and Artsakh, At the end of January, Professor Mary Papazian, Dr. Joseph Bohigian, Robert Avetisyan. More than forty members, SAS decided to cooperate Barlow Der Mugrdechian who helped to save the lives of met with faculty from different including the Executive Council, with educational institutions in interviewed Dr. Khatchig thousands of Armenians during departments on campus to better were present at the meeting, Armenia and Artsakh; concentrate Mouradian. Dr. Mouradian is a the Genocide.” understand their needs. “I like which was open to all members on documenting and promoting professor at Columbia University Another recent interview to dream big… it is the poetic, of SAS. the cultural heritage of Artsakh; and was recently appointed as the featured Fresno State’s Interim leader side of me,” explained the The SAS President Dr. and to encourage students from Armenian and Georgian Specialist President, Dr. Saúl Jiménez- Interim President. He is honored Bedross Der Matossian began Armenia to become members in the African and Middle Eastern Sandoval, who explained how he to work at Fresno State, and is by reviewing recent SAS of SAS and to benefit from its Division. His recently published was born in Mexico and moved to excited to continue to empower accomplishments. He noted that scholarship as well as expertise. book, The Resistance Network: the United States at an early age, students and to work to benefit the SAS Podcast interviewed over This will be accomplished by The Armenian Genocide and learning English in the fourth the whole community at large. 45 authors so far, and is available creating a program to sponsor Humanitarianism in Ottoman grade. Considering that the move Don’t miss out on this on platforms like Apple Podcast, students for $10 per year. In Syria 1915-1918, was the focal was a major life-change for such a opportunity to learn more about Spotify, and Google Play. He its second area of mentorship point for this episode. Dr. young boy, Dr. Jiménez-Sandoval everything Armenian on the “All highlighted the SAS Research and for graduate students, SAS will Mouradian grew up in Lebanon, said that he utilized books as a Things Armenian” show! Listen Travel Grants program, which organize workshops for graduate where he learned five languages, way to integrate within the new to beautiful music and hear the has so far supported 15 graduate students; discuss alternative paths including Armenian, English, and society. He also discussed his many interesting interviews students, including the first two to careers; and provide a platform Turkish. This was very beneficial love for education. Dr. Jiménez- pertaining to Armenian topics. recipients of the new SAS Grant for graduate students and junior for his research, writing, and Sandoval majored in Spanish and “All Things Armenian” airs on Race. As part of the newly scholars (mostly from Armenia) studies. Dr. Mouradian’s book Portuguese Literature when he on Multicultural 1600AM on launched Society for Armenian to present their work and receive is broken up into two parts; was at the University of California, Sunday afternoons from 2:00- Studies Publication Series, Der critical feedback. For the last the first part about Aleppo, Irvine, and explained that 3:00pm. “All Things Armenian” Matossian presented the second area regarding dissemination of Syria, and the second about the “literature allows the beginning also airs every Wednesday night volume on The First Republic knowledge about the field, SAS concentration camps, where of self-discovery.” He earned a at 9:00PM on SoCal Armenian of Armenia (1918-1920) on Its decided to continue with its countless Armenians died during doctorate, became a Professor, Radio 95.3FM. Past episodes Centenary: Politics, Gender, and Podcast Series, Zoom Lecture the Genocide. However, the later Chair of the Department can be accessed on Multicultural Diplomacy, (2020) published Series, E-SAS, and JSAS. book tells the larger story of of Modern and Classical Radio’s website or can be heard by the Press at California State After Der Matossian’s the “underground network of Languages & Literatures, before on SoundCloud, by typing “All University, Fresno. presentation, SAS Treasurer humanitarians, missionaries and becoming Provost and then Things Armenian” in the search One of the notable Prof. Barlow Der Mugrdechian; diplomats in Ottoman Syria, Interim President. As Provost he bar. achievements of SAS was that the the JSAS Editor-in-Chief, Dr. prestigious publishing house Brill Tamar M. Boyadjian; and the Armenian Class, a good mix of students in the face class. The advantage is you is now publishing the Journal of Editor of e-SAS, Dr. Dzovinar From Page 1 language course,” said Professor can record a class or parts of the Society for Armenian Studies Derderian provided their reports, course enjoyable in general. “I Der Mugrdechian. “We have classes so students can go back (JSAS). Dr. Tamar M. Boyadjian following which the floor was enjoy this class because it is very many non-Armenians who are and review,” explained Prof. Der was appointed Editor-in-Chief opened to questions from the practical and has a nice balance interested in learning the language Mugrdechian. of the new JSAS, and has been larger membership community. of general conversation, reading, for a variety of reasons.” Some students find comfort working to expand the scope of A productive conversation and writing in Armenian” says For example, some take the in taking an online class. the Journal to show the depth and followed about topics including Caleb Arizmendez, a junior course to increase their speaking “Through taking this class online, breadth of Armenian Studies as an the sponsorship of panels at majoring in chemistry and skills. “I took Armenian courses I feel more comfortable with interdisciplinary field. Entries for major conferences, membership Minoring in Armenian Studies. to be able to learn how to speak speaking and comprehending the Society for Armenian Studies of scholars in Armenia, and work Some enjoy the conversations Armenian, as well as read and Armenian; however, I do miss (e-SAS), the online platform for related to the preservation of they experience in class. “I write; and I decided to take 2A the environment of an in-person shorter scholarly pieces on topics cultural heritage in Artsakh. appreciate the time we spend to improve my speaking,” said Armenian language class,” said related to Armenian Studies, The SAS, founded in 1974, conversing with each other. It Kara Statler, a history major and Arizmendez. continues to publish pieces by is the international professional gives me a wonderful challenge Minoring in Armenian Studies. Others hope for in-person both established and junior association representing scholars to try to listen to a conversation, Others wish to improve their courses to begin soon. “I wish scholars. In light of the pandemic, and teachers in the field of even if I am not speaking, and reading and writing abilities. “I the class was in-person. I feel the SAS also hosted and co- Armenian Studies. to attempt to understand it in have always wanted to be able like we would learn more. It is hosted numerous Zoom lectures, The aim of the SAS is to my head,” explained Angela to speak the Armenian language a challenging course but it’s not conferences, and symposia by promote the study of Armenian Soghomonian, a sophomore better and to sharpen my reading hard for me because I enjoy every concentrating on different aspects culture and society, including majoring in biochemistry and and writing skills. There is minute of it,” concluded Dustin of Armenian Studies. history, language, literature, and Minoring in Armenian Studies. something special about being Vartanian, a Senior majoring After reviewing the social, political, and economic Others enjoy reading stories. able to converse with a fellow in business management and accomplishments to this point, questions. For instance, when asked what Armenian in the diaspora” stated Minoring in Armenian Studies. Dr. Der Matossian mapped out the If you are interested in her favorite part about the course Sosse Baloian, a sophomore Most of the students in the “Three-Year Strategic Plan of the contributing to three-year is, Olivia Soghomonian, a math majoring in History and Minoring course had taken Professor Der SAS” which will concentrate on strategic planning of SAS please major, replied “The readings. in Armenian Studies. Mugrdechian’s Armenian 1A and three areas:1) strengthening SAS contact Prof. Bedross Der Although they aren’t complex When students and faculty were 1B courses in the past and enjoy ties with educational institutions Matossian at bdermatosian2@ stories, the act of translation itself asked their thoughts about taking getting to learn more Armenian in Armenia and Artsakh; 2) unl.edu. is what I really like because it the Armenian course online this with their friends. makes me feel like I can apply semester, most agree that it comes “My favorite part about this Visit the what I’ve learned.” with challenges and advantages. class is that I am taking it with The eleven students come “It has been challenging to teach people that I have met through Armenian Studies Program Photo Archive to class with many different the language course online. It the Armenian Studies Program https://www.flickr.com/photos/ backgrounds in Armenian. slows the process of conversation and that have become my close During his thirty-six years of down and students do not get to See Armenian Class Page 7 armenianstudies/ teaching, “there has always been interact as much as in a face-to- March 2021 Hye Sharzhoom 7 Thank You Annual Fund Donors History of Ottoman Armenians by Dr. Kılıçdağı ustin artanian (received as of March 5, 2021) D V choice related to the course. This Staff Writer enabled students to learn in- Associates Harry & Arlene Bujulian depth about that subject and gave Anonymous Congressman Jim Costa Dr. Ohannes Kılıçdağı, the them experience in presenting George Ignatius Foundation, Shavarsh A. Chrissian, M. D. 17th Kazan Visiting Professor interesting in-depth details. It was Trustees: George Phillips, Dr. Carolyn J. Chooljian, in Armenian Studies at Fresno also a way to learn from fellow State taught a new course Esq., Michael Amerian, Esq., in memory of Zaven students. called “Awakening, Death, and During the Fall semester the and Walter Karabian, Esq. Chooljian Survival: History of the Ottoman class discussed the Tanzimat Era, Oscar & Jan Kasparian Dr. Nazareth Darakjian K. Phillip Maroot Armenians in Modern Times,” beginning in 1839, when a reform Kathleen Demerdjian during the Fall 2020 semester. movement was implemented Margaret Dildilian This course focused on the in the Ottoman Empire. Dr. Patrons Dr. Ohannes Kılıçdağı Peter & Raffi Dorian Armenians of the Ottoman Kılıçdağı then went on to discuss Georgina Injayan Cole Egoian Empire prior and during the Armenians.” the Armenian Enlightenment, Janice Maroot Mary Egoian Armenian Genocide. Each Kazan This class provided a great the Armenian Constitution of Dean Shahinian, Mike & Lesta Ekizian Visiting Professor is invited to opportunity for students to be 1863, the Armenians of the in honor of Fr. Kevork & Kathleen Elia teach on different aspects of engaged in conversations with Dr. provinces, the role of Europeans, this time period. Dr. Kılıçdağı Yeretzgin Sandra Arakelian Gloria Erganian Kılıçdağı and each other because the Armenian Question, the explained that his class “was of its seminar format. Students emergence of Armenian political Judge Ronald M. Sohigian Dr. & Mrs. John Farsakian Jerry Tahajian about the trajectory of the were encouraged to express their parties, the numerous massacres Aram & Barbara Garabedian Armenians in the Ottoman Empire opinions on the topics covered. that took place in the 1890’s, and Michael Gorjian and Turkey from the early 19th Friends Since Dr. Kılıçdağı was born the Sassoun massacre of 1894. Harold Hagopian century to today, which makes and educated in Istanbul, Turkey, The Young Turk revolution in Varouj & Lena Altebarmakian Arthur Hampar it necessary to know the general the course also provided an 1909 and the events that led to the Stephen & Sylvia Melikian Marguerite Hougasian changes in Ottoman-Turkish opportunity to learn about this beginning of the 1915 Armenian Barbara Berberian Vartan Paul & Kathy Jebian politics and social developments period of history from a different Genocide were also reviewed. Gloria Kaprielian throughout the period. Therefore, perspective. Many sub-topics of the Sponsors Dr. Deneb Karentz the course builds a context of Throughout the semester each Genocide, discussing how Ottoman-Turkish history which Anonymous Blanche Kasparian student was assigned to create a is layered with the history of the presentation on a topic of their See Course Page 8 Armenian Memorial Church, Michael Kazarian Watertown, MA Jeanette Kirishian spiritual or physical reconnection H. Hrant & Alidz Agbabian Anton & Maral Kismetian with a lost homeland. The Bethany Baker Mr. & Mrs. Norman Kondy opening of the piece incorporates Randy & Mary Baloian Charles Kurtmen long slides between notes, called Christine Bulbulian Barile, glissandi, which stretch over Dr. & Mrs. Sergio La Porta small pitch ranges. The fluidity in memory of Berge & Gary & Susan Lind-Sinanian Alice Bulbulian of the glissandi is a metaphor for Ara Manoogian the flow of dispersion from the Kenneth & Jane Bedrosian Vartkes Mardirossian homeland. Ron & Megan Bohigian Jeff & Michele Markarian The central section of Dr. Jerry Durgerian Gina Mechigian Melkonian Bohigian’s piece is a quasi-folk Leo Keoshian, M. D. Aram & Alice Michigian song reminiscent of the migrant Hagop & Ashkhen Krioghlian Edward Minasian song genre that conveys a longing Vonnie J. Madigan for the homeland. The piece Annette Moushigian Komitas Museum-Institute, Yerevan Matty Matoian Paul G. Muradian culminates with the theme of Jackie Matosian Bohigian, From Page 1 then at least spiritually,” said Dr. reclamation as expressed through Malcolm & Sandra Narlian the Armenian longing for Bohigian. As a great grandson of Armenian sacred chant. Myron & Debbie Sheklian Dick & Mary Nikssarian Herman & Kathy (Markarian) reunification with the homeland, genocide survivors, Dr. Bohigian Dr. Bohigian remarked Dr. Arsine Oshagan not necessarily to reclaim it, but was well acquainted with the that defining what constitutes Wage Jack & Melene Ouzounian “to be buried under it,” according burden of displacement that Armenian music for the purpose Kirk & Kathy Yergat Drs. Dennis & Mary Papazian to Dink. came with being an American- of identity preservation can be a Mary Zoryan Victoria Parian This account inspired the Armenian. On a journey to controversial topic. “The search Dennis & Lucille Peters title of Dr. Joseph Bohigian’s confront his feelings of cultural for Armenian identity in music Supporters Dianne Philibosian doctoral composition, “The detachment, Dr. Bohigian has at times led to the exclusion Anonymous Chuck & Debbie Poochigian Water Has Found Its Crack.” traveled to Armenia in 2019 and of music shared with other On February 19, 2021, a Zoom worked at the Komitas Museum Anonymous Azad Rayyes cultures such as the Ottoman era Anonymous audience enjoyed an enlightening Institute in Yerevan. music in which Armenians played John & Cindy Rettig virtual presentation from Dr. Komitas Vardapet lived during an important part,” stated Dr. Anonymous Iris Sahatdjian George & Shenora Adishian Joseph Bohigian explaining his the late 19th and early 20th Bohigian. in memory of Sarkis composition. Dr. Bohigian’s centuries and was dedicated to He contended that when Jason R. Ahronian Sahatdjian presentation, “‘The Water Has preserving Armenian music as understanding Armenian music, Jeffrey R. Ahronian Garbis Sariyan Found Its Crack’: Finding a living art meant to be used in one must take into consideration Charles Amirkhanian & Suren Seropian Armenia Through Music,” was daily life. the interaction with other Carol Law Greg Shamlian organized by the Armenian Dr. Bohigian found a cultures at home and in diaspora Annette Apelian Danielle R. Shapazian Studies Program as part of its recurring theme of dispossession settings. As a third generation Bill & Shirley Armbruster Victor Stepanians Spring Lecture series. in Komitas’s collected works, Armenian, Dr. Bohigian relates Dr. Bohigian graduated including a genre of migrant Seth & Beverly Atamian Joseph Stepanyan to the “contrapuntality of exilic Arten J. Avakian from Fresno State in 2015 with folk songs which demonstrated awareness.” In other words, Patty Torosian a bachelor’s degree in Music a longing for homeland. These his Armenian and American Sarkis Babayans George & Sophie Warren Armen Bacon Composition and a Minor in folk songs utilized water as a identities exist not in opposition Paul Yergat Armenian Studies. He completed metaphor for distance, longing, but in conjunction with one Jack & Alberta Bedoian Richard & Alice Youatt his doctorate in music through and loss. another. Kimberly Bedrosian Elise Youssoufian the Stony Brook University (New Dr. Bohigian calls his Living in Armenia and Levon Der Bedrossian Stan & Fran Ziegler York) Department of Music. As composition, “The Water Has composing “The Water Has Marty & Sue Bohigian Jack & Astine Zadourian an Armenian-American from the Found Its Crack,” a “musical Found Its Crack” helped shape Jack & Barbara Bousian Kathy & Archie Zakarian diaspora, his works express themes manifestation of [his] exploration Dr. Bohigian’s sense of identity. Harry Buchaklian of exile, cultural reunification, of Armenian identity.” His piece “The negotiation of internal and and identity maintenance. Dr. is written for three soprano external boundaries is a central Armenian Class, Bohigian’s compositions have vocalists, violin, viola, cello, feature of identity maintenance Dustin Vartanian exclaimed “The been performed at the Oregon and percussion. The lyrics were for the dispersed,” stated Dr. From Page 6 Armenian language class is my Bach Festival, Walt Disney derived from fragments of eight Bohigian. “Music plays a prom- friends over the last couple of favorite. I love that I can use what Concert Hall, Aram Khachaturian Armenian folk songs, collected inent role in this negotiation as years,” said Ariana Garabedian, I learn in the real world.” Museum Hall, and several other and transcribed by Komitas. The art can bring a sense of belonging a second-year speech, language, Overall, the familiarity venues. piece is sung slowly and freely to people otherwise disconnected and pathology major, minoring in between the students and the Dr. Bohigian explained that and is highly ornamented. from their culture.” Armenian Studies. dedication of the professor make a sense of longing pervades the Dr. Bohigian deconstructed To listen to “The Water Some even consider Armenian for an enjoyable, rewarding, pysche of Armenians living in the his piece explaining its intricate Has Found Its Crack” and 2A as their favorite course. and eye-opening semester of diaspora. “This longing motivates structure and symbolism of Dr. Bohigian’s additional When asked which of his classes Intermediate Armenian Language the need that Armenians display displacement, dispersion, and compositions, visit www. were his favorite this semester, Course thus far. for reunification, if not physically reclamation, meaning either a josephbohigian.com. 8 Hye Sharzhoom March 2021 any ships. “The passports issued on Ellis Island, etc. Thanks to the Gürsel, From Page 3 to these Ottoman Armenians tedious Ottoman interception of to “mug shots,” Dr. Gürsel are unique in that they permit documents, she was also able trace asserted how the portraits were travel but prohibit return,” she letters of Armenian-American “motivated by suspicion” and mentioned. immigrants corresponding with served as “anticipatory arrest In the second half of her other Armenians in the Ottoman warrants.” After the growth of lecture, Dr. Gürsel stated how she Empire such as Cercis Gürjian political organizations such as the sought to capture the “double- who humorously describes Hnchak Party and the Dashnak sided history of migration.” Fresno in a letter: “this place Party, Ottoman leaders feared Comparing her project to the has become Turkey.” In addition that Armenians would revolt. photographs, she explained how to her collection of documents, After all, as an “American fever” the project faces “two directions: Dr. Gürsel has been afforded the surged in the 1880s and 90s, the Ottoman past in which the opportunity to meet with living many Armenian emigrants settled photograph was produced and descendants of fourteen families in American cities such as Fresno, circulated and an American future whom she has traced. One such Boston, Chicago, New York, and in which the lives of the subjects family is Hosrof Kevorkian’s, Los Angeles. So, there was a fear in the photographs unfolded.” who moved to Fresno and among the Ottoman Empire that With this in mind, she shared how established the Valley Fruit Co. Armenians would return to their the project “meant taking copies As Dr. Gürsel stated in her homeland as revolutionaries. As of the photographs out of the conclusion, “while the Ottoman Dr. Gürsel explained, “it was not archive and into the world, out of State’s instrumental view of that they wanted them to leave; it Ottoman bureaucracy and into the these photographs anticipated a was that they did not want them to life experiences of migrants and very particular future intended return politicized.” Therefore, the their families.” to be prevented by these very police and even many successful In total, Dr. Gürsel managed to portraits, I believe the trajectory Armenian photographers captured collect migration information for of these photographs and that of these photos and required them at 62 families by searching through the subjects within them is more ports if Armenians were to board ship manifests, tickets, arrivals radically open.” Kılıçdağı, From Page 7 Dr. Kılıçdağı wanted his opportunity to travel to Fresno,” the Young Turks were able to students to learn two main things stated Dr. Kılıçdağı. “It would carry out their policies and why from the course: to have a good have been an opportunity for me The Armenian Studies Program the Genocide occurred, were idea about the history of the to get more familiar with one considered. The students learned late Ottoman Empire and of the of oldest and most important presents how to incorporate both long Republic of Turkey, in order to Armenian communities in the term and short-term events to understand the role of Armenians United States. I was excited fully understand the Armenian living there. for the chance to visit William “Armenian Art” Genocide. The class ended with “I hope that students adopted a Saroyan’s hometown, especially by learning about the Armenians perspective about ethno-religious since I have translated some of relationship with the newly conflicts, democratization, and Saroyan’s works into Turkish for formed Republic of Turkey in the tensions of transition from publication. I wanted to see the 1920’s and how the Armenians empires to nation states,” said Dr. streets he wandered as a paperboy planned to give a “re-birth” to Kılıçdağı. and the places that he lived. I their nation. Dr. Kılıçdağı had planned hope I will have an opportunity to to be at Fresno State for the visit Fresno in the future.” semester, unfortunately, due to This unique course offered the pandemic and the transition students the opportunity to learn Visit to online courses, he was unable about the Armenian people of the to come. Ottoman Empire during a critical Hye Sharzhoom “It would have been a great period. online Thank You Donors Prof. Barlow Der Mugrdechian hyesharzhoom.com David Barsamian Pasadena Anoush Chamlian Fresno Berberian Coordinator Christine Darmanian Fresno Armenian Studies Program Read all of the back Karl DeKlotz Fresno issues of the Faith Sohigian DuBois Oakland Friday, April 9, 2021 newspaper, in loving memory of Isabelle and Michael Sohigian 7:00PM starting from 1979 Johnny Garber Garabedian Fairfax to the present. in memory of brother Larry Garabedian Part of “Arts in Motion Week” Armand Gougasian Clovis Bart & Agnes Hagopian Fresno Zoom registration link Richard & Geraldine Hagopian Selma http://biy.ly/armenianstudiesdermugrdechian Paul & Margaret Hokokian Fresno Paul Jamushian Fresno Kathy Jenanyan Fresno in memory of Robert & Arlene Srabian HYE SHARZHOOM Charles Kamakian Racine, WI NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT Oscar & Jan Kasparian Fresno John & Roxie Maljanian Newington CT Hye Sharzhoom is sent without charge to thousands of people throughout the world. 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