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'' THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. OUR TRADE IN

Improved New Lee and Patron Cooking Stoves AND NEW LEE AND RICHMOND RANGES

Has increased to such an extent that we are now buying them in car load lots. THEY ARE WARRANTED TO BE FIRST QUALITY.

Our prices are on the " Live and let live plan," and they account, in part, for the popularity of these Stoves. WMIPCILB!) H)ARP;WAfti <$®» GREENSBORO, N. C. SUMMER VACATION. ILIFF'S

Every college man will need to take away in his crip this summer one or two of the latest college song books, which contain all the new and popular University airs We give here the complete list, and any volume will be c ent, postpaid, to any address on receipt of price. THE NEW HARVARD SONG ROOK— All the new Harvard songs of the last three years, with some old favorites. 92 pages. Price $1. 00 postpaid. _ College Songs.—Over 200,000 sold. Containing 91 songs- -all of the old favorites, as well as the new ones: "Don't Forget Dar's a Weddin' To-Night," "DiHe who couldn't Dance,'' "Good-by, my Little Lady," etc Paper, 50 cents. University Songs.—Contains songs of the older colleges — Harvard, Vale, Columbia, Princeton, Rrown, Dartmouth, Williams Bowdoin, Union, and Rutgers Cloth; $2.50.

I armiiia Collegensla.—A collection of American College songe with -.elections from English and Ger- man universities Clnth, $3.00. American College Song Rook.— A contribution from 50 leading colleges ot tour of a eir choicest songs, n-arly all original; comprises about 250 seleciions. Cloth $2 00. College SongS for Guitar.— Choice college songs and for the Guitar. jU.50. ballads Cloth, GRAND WORLD'S FAIR EDITION. College Songs A new collection of for Ranjo.— Official Maps United States and World. over eighty choi ;est college songs, with banjo accom- Official Census United States and World 18S0. paniment Paper, $1 00. Cloth, fj 50. Student SongS— Moses King Collection. Paper, Grand Panorama Worlds Fair Buildings. 50 cents. ENLARGED. REVISED. TO DATE. Complete with New Railroad M:ips of the States and Territories of the United States, North and South America, Europe, Asia and Africa, with illustrated descriptive matter of the same brought down to April, OLIVER DITSON COMPANY 1801. Full page maps of the principal Cities of the United States and Canada (81 in number). Diagrams 453-463 Washington St., Boston. «f Population, Manufactures. Industries, Debt, Wealth, Nationalities, etc., etc., together with a cum- p!'te index of all the Cities, Towns, Villages and Hani- C.H. DITSON & CO., J. E. DITSON & CO., lets of the States and Territories of the United States, giving the population of each. 867 Rroadway, N..Y. 1228 Chestnut St.. Phila' THE STANDARD AUTHORITY. THE REFERENCE BOOK OF THE CENTURY. THE COLLEGIAN IS PRINTED BY Price, bound in Embossed Cloth, .... $4.25 Price, bound in Half Morocco, 5.60 Price, bound in full Russia, 7.50 THOMAS BROS., Job Printers, Agents wanted in every Town to whom Liberal Terms will be given. FRANKLIN PUBLISHINC CO., Publishers, (iHEF.XSr.ORO, N, C. 157 York St., SAVANNAH, GA. The Guilford Collegia n

Vol. V. SEPTEMBER, 1892. No. 1.

And when He putteth His own sheep forth, He goeth before them. —John X:4. My Father worketh hitherto and I work. —John V;iy.

Oh Shepherd of the sheep, And dost thou go before, Along this narrow steep, Where weary and footsore, For many nights and days

I press along? Treading the untried ways Without a song.

My soul is o'ercast With many a doubt, "The petty done, the undone vast" Drives courage out, As mountain-like sin towers Above my aching head, And like a cloud wrong hours Above my poor hopes spread,

Like violets on the plane In spring-time's fickle hours, Pelted with hail and rain, Torn leaves and tattered flowers. A remnant sad, forlorn, Of youth's bright hope, Plans, of the fair ideal shorne, Left with bare fact to cope. — —— —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

What is it for ? Why need we make

The battle of the vanquished ours ?

Far better might it be to take Our pleasure in the sun and showers, To sit at ease and stop our ears To cries for help and sore distress, The widow's moan, the orphan's tears, And darker woes, without redress.

We cannot stem the evil tide At every turn grim terrors lurk And yet, with hate on every side,

My Father worketh and I work. He said, who knew all sin and loss With Him must first be crucified, Borne by Himself upon the cross Ere earth were purified.

It is not our's to answer, why

This work is given to us below 'Tis part of His who came to die That all, of Life might know, The remnant left for us to share A burden precious for His sake,

Which, if we rightly take and bear, A gloiious heritage He'll make.

What if the clouds are thick above What though the evil seemeth strong

Beyond it all Our Father's Love Shall trample out the wrong.

With Him our work is not in vain,

Though oft we feel it small, He garners up the golden grain, Driving the chaff from all. H. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

A SKETCH OF JOHN G. WHITTIER.

BY DR. NEREUS MENDENHALL.

John Greenleaf Whittier, who the stockade, relied for defence on died at Hampton Falls, New just and kind treatment of the Hampshire, at 4.30 on the morn- Indians. They found their peace ing of the 7th inst, and whose principles and their habit of deal- body was deposited at 2.30 on the ing justly with all men a more ioth inst. in the Friends' Ceme- sure guard than muskets. On the tery, at Amesbury, Mass., where still winter nights they could hear was his home—was born at Hav- the Indians at the windows and erhill, Mass., on 17th of Decem- sometimes see a red face and ber, 1807. He was known as the fierce eyes at the window pane ; Quaker poet, and was one of the but though their neighbors were most popular and representative murdered and their property de- of American poets. His ances- stroyed, the Quakers were never tor, Thomas Whittier, came from molested. Southampton, England, in 1638, The poet, when quite young, to Boston, and ten years after was sent to school to a queer old moved to Haverhill and built the pedagogue, who received the pu- house in which the poet wr as born. pils in his own house, and who The family, for some years back, did not succeed in governing his were Quakers, and to that con- wife, however wise he may have nection he adhered up to the day governed his scholars. Like Oli- of his death. On his mother's ver Goldsmith, who gave his side, in Stephen Bachilor, first pupils ginger bread and told them minister of Hampton, N. H., he stories, this easy man took the had a common ancestor with persuasive method of keeping or-

Daniel Webster. der and giving instruction : Haverhill, when the Whittiers "Through the cracked and crazy wall settled there, was a frontier town, Came the cradle-rock and squall, And the good-man's voice at strife its and the Indians burned houses With his shrill and tipsy wife, and carried unhappy Hannah Luring us by stories old, With a comic urchen told, Dunstan into a long captivity. More than by the eloquence But the Whittier family, refusing Of terse birchen arguments " the protection of the garrison and He had but few books in his THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

early years. But nature was to ! carry him through a term of six him a continual poem. His early months at the Haverhill Acade- life on the farm, and various mem- my. Next winter he ventured to bers of the family, are described teach a district school, and made in Snow-bound— stimulated by a enough to pay for another term. copy of Burns, which his old The next winter he spent in Bos- school-master, Joshua Coffin, -had ton writing for a paper. Return- lent to him. This was about the ing to his farm work, he was sur- first poetry he had ever read, ex- prised to receive an invitation to i cept that in the Bible, of which take charge of the Hartford Re- he was a close student, and it had view, in the place of George D. Prentice, to a lasting effect on him. He began i who had removed to express his feelings in verse. 1 Kentucky. After about two years The first effort in this way which he was called home by the de- was printed was written with blue mise of his father, took charge of ink on coarse paper and sent to the farm and had hard work to the Free Press, then published by "make both ends meet." i W. L. Garrison, at Newberry Port. As a Friend, of course he re-

it When Garrison found on the I garded slavery as a great and floor of his office, where it had dangerous evil. By his intimate been pushed under the door by acquaintance with Garrison, who the post boy, his first thought was through his various publications to throw it into the waste basket. soon became known as one of the

He read it, however, was pleased most uncompromising of aboli- with it, and published it. Other tionists, Whittier's feelings were poems followed. When the paper strongly enlisted in behalf of the containing the first poem was oppressed slaves. He wrote Gar- thrown to him by the post boy, rison a letter commending his he and his father were mending views on slavery, intemperance fence. He took up the paper and and war. In 1833 he was a dele- was surprised and overjoyed to gate to the first National Anti- see himself in the Poet's Corner. Slavery Convention at Philadel- He had to be called several times phia. In 1835 he was in the Mas- before he could recover himself. sachusetts legislature. He, in Garrison came to see him, and company with Geo. Thompson, encouraged his father to send him who was afterwards in the British to school. He longed for educa- Parliament, was mobbed in Con- tion but had no means to procure cord, N. H., and he kept Thomp- it. Learning to make shoes, he son, whose life was hunted for, earned enough in the winter to concealed two weeks in their THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 5

lonely farm house. He was divine Providence, I now quietly threatened with personal violence await the close of a life which has in the great mob in Washington been longer, and on the whole street, Boston. In 1838 he took happier than I had reason to ex- charge of the Pennsylvania Free- pect, although far different from man. The office, then in Penn- that which I dreamed of in youth. sylvania Hall, was sacked and My experience confirms the words burned. In 1857 an edition of of old time, that 'it is not in man his poems was published by Tick- to direct his steps.' Claiming no nor & Field. He was a member exemption from the sins and fol- of the Board of Overseers of Har- lies of our common humanity, I vard University, and one of the dare not complain of their inevit-

Trustees of Brown University. able penalties. I have had to He always took an active part in learn renunciation and submission, elections, but with very little ex- and ception, always, though solicited, 1 Knowing refused office for himself. What kindly Providence its care is showing In the withdrawing He was by birth-right a mem- as in the bestowing, Scarcely I dare for more or less to pray.' " ber of the Society of Friends, and by a settled conviction of the Of Whittier, Vice - president truth and importance of its testi- Wilson, on his death-bed, said : monies, while at the same time he "I believe him the purest man had a kind feeling toward all'those living on earth." Channing saw who are seeking in different ways, in him noble simplicity of charac- to serve God and benefit their ter and the fire and energy of an fellow men. Of himself he said : ancient prophet. Whipple'in 1844 " I My health was never robust ; bore witness to his vehement sen- inherited from both my parents a sibility, the stormy qualities of sensitive, nervous temperament, his mind and the soul of a great and one of my earliest recollec- poet. Others might be quoted to tions is of pain in the head, from the same purport. If I should which I have suffered all my life. give my own view of the man in

For many years I have not been few words, I should say that I see able to read or write more than in him intense hatred of all forms half an hour at a time— often not of oppression, deep sympathy so long. Of late my hearing has with all the joys and sufferings of been defective. But in many ways humanity, and a boundless and I have been blessed far beyond eternal hope for ultimate good to my deserving, and grateful to the all. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

AN IMMORAL COMMODITY.

BY WALTER W. MENDENHALL, '92.

of ethics learn dressing keeping In the realm we 1 mands the and that man is endowed with a moral of the vineyard of human facul- nature, and being thus endowed, ties, the perfection of the temple he becomes subject to the moral of the living God. And second, law. Being created a free agent, it requires him to secure, as far as he is at liberty to decide whether possible these conditions in his he will meet the demands of this neighbor. He is under obliga- law. " Made a little lower than tions to do this even though his the angels and crowned with neighbor rejects his offers of glory and honor," man by accept- mercy. ing the law exalts and magnifies The moral law is probably vio- the name of God; but if he related to a greater extent by the jects it, he brings reproach and use of intoxicating liquors than in dishonor upon that holy name. any other way. The evils of are constantly choosing strong drink are so apparent that Men ; every act is an act of choice, and it is useless to enumerate them. is either right or wrong; right if Rut there is another evil infecting in harmony with the divine law, our fair land that ought to be wrong if it is not. The most im- placed side by side with the whis- portant choice that man makesjis key traffic, for it is one of the the one by which he disposes of chief tributaries to the great river himself, accepts or rejects the law of intemperance. I refer to the of his being. If a man accepts use of tobacco, and venture the this law he is supposed to be de- assertion that scarcely a man can sirous of fulfilling its demands, for be found addicted to strong drink, no one having accepted the law who, prior to the habit, did not has a right to make a choicfe not use tobacco in some form. Its in harmony with its requirements. use creating a thirst that water If he does he sins, for the trans- cannot allay, something stronger gression of the law is sin. The is demanded and the victim re- moral law demands first, that man sorts to alcoholic drinks. Thus secure those conditions in him- the course of drunkenness often self by which his powers to do begins with the use of tobacco. good will be the greatest. It de- Besides this its use weakens the THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 7 mind and destroys the vitality of have become physical, mental, the body, thus lessening the pow- and spiritual wrecks, all caused by er for doing good, and violating the use of the diabolical cigarette. the first principles of the moral How can a person look upon their law. Many illustrations could be nervous steps and pale, emaciated given showing the injurious effects faces, and say that tobacco is not of tobacco, but it is sufficient to a curse. It is just as much a sin say that our leading physicians to destroy the bloom of young agree concerning this point, there- manhood by slowly poisoning the fore if it is wrong to use alcoholic blood as it is to consume it with drinks, because they injure mind the fiery beverage. A man can- and body; for the same rea- not raise, sell or use tobacco, or son it is wrong to use tobacco. If in any way aid the traffic, and it is wrong to sell-alcoholic drinks stand uncondemned by the moral because they ruin home, destroy law. And may the day soon character, and spread desolation come when he who handles the and woe, on the same principle it accursed weed will be looked upon is wrong to sell tobacco, for many with as much disdain as he who a young man took the first down- deals in the liquid fire. ward step to ruin when he began It is a strange contradiction for the use of tobacco. To-day we a minister to exhort the people to see him smoking his first cigarette, keep their bodies pure, because in a few years we see him in the they are the temple of the living gutter, a drunken sot. The first God, and then go from the pulpit the cause, the second the effect: and indulge in the use of tobacco, the two are widely separated, but since it is impossible for the tem- the end is ruin. ple of God to be pure when it is

If it is wrong to run a distillery steeped in the fumes of tobacco because you are manufacturing and infected with its vile poison. that which is a curse to humanity, The precept is all right, but let us for the same reason it is wrong to have the example. raise tobacco, for you are raising The financial side of this sub- that which is also a curse to man- ject presents a problem that de- kind. There are doubtless many mand our serious consideration. persons who do not agree with The United States spends about these statements. But note the $700,000,000 annually for tobacco, vast number of young men whose or an average of ten dollars for lives have been blighted, whose every man, woman and child in prospects for future usefulness the country. If this money, in- have been destroyed, and who stead of being worse than wasted, THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. were used for educational purpo- factories trying in a feeble way to ses the means for a liberal educa- supply the deficiency caused by tion would be placed within the this useless waste. Are we ful- reach of all, and illiteracy would filling the requirements of the no longer prevail. In order to moral law when we permit this see this point more clearly let us state of affairs to exist? It cannot confine ourselves to Guilford be, and God will surely demand county. The population of the the blood of these children at our county is about 28,000. Our pro- hands. Let us put ourselves in portion of the money spent for to- battle array against this evil. It bacco is $280,000 There are can be eradicated if men will only 10,000 children in the county be- rally around the standard of pu- tween the ages of six and twenty- rity and honesty, for no one can one. This would give to each child be truly pure who uses, or strictly $28 per annum for educational honest who sells the accursed purposes, whereas the amount stuff. Difficulties lie in the path- now spent is only $1.45 per way high as the mighty Alps, but child. We spend $280,000 for the Alps, snow-capped and cloud- tobacco and $14,600 for education. kissed have been surmounted by The children are starving for in- men of courage. tellectual food, while we are wast- " God give us men : A time like this demands ing enough money on tobacco to Stroug minds, great hearts, true faith and hands; give them a liberal education. Men whom the lust of lucre does not kill, Men whom the spoil of office cannot buy, Many of these children, scarcely Men who possess opinion and a will; more than infants, are shut up in Men who have honor; and wrong dare defy." the dark and gloomy walls of our

A LETTER FROM ADDISON COFFIN.

[Our venerable friend, Addison considerable interest to all who

Coffin, who is now sojourning in read them.—Editors.] Europe, after having visited all Liverpool, 8-7, 1892. the Eastern countries of import- E. C. Perisho, Guilford College, ance, has recently written a N. C: letter to Prof. Perisho, extracts of which we are glad to give to our Dear Friend:—There are readers, thinking they will be of many very perplexing questions THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. that' come up everywhere in my, Meteoric dust constantly falling, travels which do not belong in a and like rain, more in some coun- narative of passing events. One tries than others ? One more for effect will the is, why in all the ruins that have this time. What been standing a few centuries or conversion of all the sea water thousand of years, the earth has into solid matter have on the accumulated around them to such earth's size, when that time comes an amount? Out on level plains when there shall be no more sea? and in broad valleys the earth has No, I must present another thing risen up from four to ten feet— not that strongly impresses me. If in the form of mounds but all over the present condition and looks the plain, and all the time the of all Palestine, Moab and Syria land has been in cultivation. is the result of a curse pronounced Where does this earth come from? by the Lord as a punishment for It has not been washed in; men sin, then Spain and Portugal are

have not carted it in. Suppose under a like curse, for the look, feeling and condition are identi- Greensboro in ruins to-day ; two it is the kind of mildew, thousand years hence it was found cal ; same that the pavement was 10 feet be- blight and ruin that hangs over low the common surface of all the all of them. country for three miles around; We are here on our first dead- where would that accumulation lock. We left London for Ireland, come from? It could not be coming out through Wales, and washed there by water—would be by some cause were an hour late, up hill. which throws us out of our regu- Another question; from the lar programme for two days; we Southern shores of the Baltic to will have to put in the time in North Cape, the land is slowly short side trips and boat rides. rising, 12 inches in 46 to 50 years The circular tickets we have for by careful measurement kept at Ireland includes full 2,000 miles, Copenhagen, Stockholm and going twice across and one time Ulaborg Finland. At the latter around, all by rail. That for

place it is seen marked on a stone Scotland will not be so long. pier where ships once landed, now There are many Americans shallow water. There has not over here, mostly from the North- been an earthquake or internal ern States. There are many fine, disturbance in that region in a intelligent people among them

very long time. Why is this ? who are fine representatives of Will we not have to reconstruct our country. There are some

our entire Cosmos ? Is there who are a disgrace —are purse- —;

IO THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. proud, self-conceited and idiotic; through Finland to St. Petersburg others are fine, honest people, but then Moscow, back through War- so ignorant of geography and his- saw to Berlin; then South to tory that they appear more igno- Venice on Adriatic; then through rant than they are. If at any time Switzerland and France to Turin and place it comes in thy line to on Bay of* Biscay; then to Madrid prepare young people for foreign and Lisbon, Portugal; then North travel, teach them Ancient and to Oporto; then East to Trune- Modern Geography and History agane; then through France to as two essentials. St. Malo, by the Chanel Islands, We have at last got down to to London—8,000 to 9,000 miles. the bottom of the facts and figures The cost was $270. This tour is in cheap traveling. We have very much longer in miles than tried 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th class the regular tours as given in guide tickets and have travelled with ail books, and with the addition of classes of every nationality, and another hundred dollars could in- now travel 3rd class all the time. clude all the nations of Europe Tourists never want to make more on 3rd class tickets and lunch than a day or night run at a time, basket fare. and 3rd class does very well for We invariably found better eat- it; the cars are clean and well ing at 2nd or 3rd price hotels than varnished, so bugs, lice, fleas and at 1st price ones. First- class cuts other travellers cannot take pas- the tourist off from the great mass sage without being seen. We of humanity; they look upon firsts each have a travelling pillow to as having nothing in common sit on, which makes the seat 1st with them, and hesitate to deal class. Four-fifths of the business with them only to get all the people take 3rd class. We have money out of them possible a lunch basket and save more many times without regard to than half in that line. principle.

I will give our last tour which I am happy to say that we have will show practical results. We accomplished our travels up to went from London to Rotterdam, date without much loss or cross. then to Amsterdam, then a very One time we bought return circuitous route to Bremen; then tickets through mistake; the re- Hamburg, Kiel, Copenhagen, turn was counted a dead loss, but Chrisliany and 100 miles north; I kept them until I reached head- then across Sweden to Stockolm, quarters where I got their value then by steamer to Hoparanda at refunded. One time we were the head of the Gulf; then about an hour finding our way to THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. ii the American Consul to get an the world of humanity as we have

English speaking guide, &c. seen it, and for those who expect

We have had but little sickness to be teachers it will add to their of any kind, had no trouble in get- usefulness and success if they have ing washing done, nor no serious the money; their time could not be rents, breaks or failures in cloth- better spent, as a part of their ed- ing; could have got any tiling ucation. needed at almost every place. To old people who need a vaca- One time in Russia had a hard tion a trip similar to ours would time finding a barber, finally be very enjoyable. Their old age found a policeman, took out my would be full of bright things to knife and began trying to shave, them and for the grand-children. he understood instantly and led I can assure all people that it is me to a barber with whom he had a comparative easy thing to travel a lively talk, evidently at my ex- in Europe; the cars are much pense. Up to date have not lost easier to get in and out for old as much as a dollar by not know- pe ;>ple; there is less danger of ac- ing foreign money; it occurs to cident, the roads are so well me this sounds like bragging, so guarded. After learning how it will stop. is much cheaper travelling in

I think we have seen the prac- Europe, especially in England, tical side of things and are in a than in America. position to say that it pays to see

ROUMANIA AND HER QUEEN.

Well nigh eleven centuries have can boast of origin so recent, nor passed since the strong hand of of situation more beautiful than

Charlemagne waved the sceptre Roumania. In shape it quite over the greater part of Europe. clearly defines a crescent, the Mighty empires have risen and concave side being marked by fallen. Spain has long been num- the foot hills of the Carpathians, bered with the past. The glory while the convex is washed by of France has faded, and Germa- the Pruth, the waves of the Black ny seems to have crossed the me- Sea, and the rolling waters of the ridian of her power. Danube. Since then many smaller na- Unlike her sister, Russia, she tions have flourished, but none does not possess a broad extent 12 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

of territory, but is rich in the ex- Consequently he sought to woo perience that makes a strong and her, and ere long she became his

well developed nation ; for the beloved and happy bride. events of the past quarter of a Once upon a time, when told century furnished one of the most by friends they would like to see interesting and romantic episodes her on a throne, she laughingly

in the annals of European history. replied : "The only throne that

The country originally compos- would attract me is the Roumani-

ed the two principalities of Mol- an, for there is still some work davia and Wallachia, but after sev- for me to do." eral years of civil strife, they were When she thus spoke there was united under the title ot Rouma- no Roumania, but time made the nia, and Prince Charles, of Ho- words spoken in jest a sweet re- henzollern, was called to assist ality ; but how different was her in the government. With a man work, how different her surround- so good, so noble, and whose ings from what they had been in heart's desire was the welfare of early life. his subjects, came a new consti- Let us look backward for per- tution and new privileges for the haps twenty years — follow the

Roumanians, hitherto so neglect- German Rhine as it flows seaward, ed by their rulers. Here he found traverse the western wood of the a people in a semi-barbarous con- Black Forest until we reach the dition, but with warm and appre- towering height on which stands ciative hearts, for they quickly the summer residence of the Prince recognized the prince as their and Princess of Wiede. benefactor. Here strolling in the woods near The task of consolidation was the parental estate was spent the a difficult on^, and though he childhood of princess Elizabeth. could bring the people together Away from castle, from court and in the political world, he realized all formalities, she sought inspira- the dearth of the refining influ- tion and words for expression ence of woman in the social circle. from the haunts of nature. He appreciated the enormity of Not only was this her custom the work, the extent of the field, in gay spring and bright summer, and with his own high conception but in lonely autumn and drear of womanhood he saw that the winter — for her happiness was assistance needed in the danger- never more complete than when ous and difficult task could be the elements waged warfare, and

best rendered him by the noble I the winds moaned and sighed in

and beautiful Princess of Wiede. I the forest. —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 13

Nothing could tame this nature- was more distinct and imperative. loving child into the formalities of For all this, habitual sadness court life, and the nicknames of seemed to brood over her youth- "Wild Rosebud" and "Hurricane" ful spirit, and in after years she were bestowed upon herbyfrfends. said her writings were all of sad- In one of her poems she tells from ness, and she knew not whether

whence she derived the euphoni- her nature was attuned to it, or ous self-chosen title of Carmen whether it was sorrow only that the song which gave her true hap- was worth the telling. piness—and Sylva — the forest Her parents wishing to arouse were associated with the birds her from the customary gloom, she learned to sing. Not unlike sent Elizabeth to Berlin for the other children, the princess desired winter, and there she spent much to enter the village school, and time with the Princess of Hohen- one day being missed from home, zol lern, and first met PrinceCharles. was found diligently working in a Her gentle manner, healthful class of peasant children naturalness, thoughtful eagerness Her determination to satisfy and depth, charmed all with whom this desire shows her longing for she associated, and her friends systematized work-—a longing to desired to have her betrothed, work with, and also to lead others. but she was contented and deem-

The mostimportant event of her ed her happiness complete if time early life was the ceremony of and strength were spent where confirmation, in the summer of they were most needed. i860. During the spring and pre- No fear of maidenhood could ceding winter much time was spent cast a gloom over the life of one

in preparation for it, which was whose heart was noble, purpose not only the studying of Scripture, grand, and motto "To be all or but also the searching of a human nothing." soul, and her diary tells us "Only Elizabeth's fcfe, however, was thought insight not always to be spent thus fathomless gives ; alone, only pure contemplation gives and because of the eternal fitness knowledge." of things Prince Charles of Rou- Seeking without, a limit was mania, plucked the "Wild Rose- of Wiede, in all soon reached ; looking within, an bud" its freshness

endless path for her feet to tread, and beauty, and transplanted it Elizabeth's life-work — that of in an eastern garden to bloom teaching— shesodesired and long- into a full blown rose. ed for, now loomed up before her The mists of the morning that with brightness, and thecommand previously clouded her duties '4 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

were now dispersed by the rays years, the mother heart alone felt of the midday sun, and she ad- the depth of the wound, and she said, " In work, in great abundant vanced with a steady step and a work, must be the consolation of heart filled with faith, hope, and sorrow."

an unfaltering trust ; though not Sweet resignation was hers and without regret and sorrow did she the songstress of the German depart from her loved home on wood now poured forth her soul in purer and stronger strains. the vine-clad hills of the Rhine. Her most beautiful poems were How different washer husband's written at this time, and many of entry into Roumania three years the Roumanian Folk Song have previous; then he came in dis- been translated by the Queen. guise and amidst the uproar of Carmen Sylvahas taken her place as a recognized author of several warfare, now, greeted by strains German books, and one in French, of sweet music and the thundering and is now hailed as an English of cannons, sounding the royal writer. salute. Again came troubles in the po- The earnest desire of the prin- litical world, and Prince Charles to enter the battle cess that she might not only make was forced field; but while he was thus en- an entry into the land, but also gaged his wife was no less active into the hearts of the people was in caring for the wounded, im- fulfilled. proving hospitals, comforting the Little time was lost in finding sorrowful, and helping the poor. The hearts of the people were the work she came to seek, and tendered toward the lovely wo- tender heart responded to the the man, and popular acclamation love of her people, whom she gave to her the appropriate title, found in need of sympathy. "Mother of the Wounded." Ere long schools were estab- The day the Prince led back his triumphant forces was a festal lished, societies organized, books one, and as they celebrate their translated and natural industries decennial year all honor is given encouraged, in order that the ar- to the King, through whom they dent spirit of youth might have were enabled to throw off the some outlet other than that of yoke of Turkey and become an independent nation. political resolution. The Roumanians are proud of In a few years, however, the their noble Queen, who, as she heaviest of sorrows clouded her sits upon a throne still finds there life, for death laid its cold hand is something for her to do. upon the beautiful little "daughter In her work and through her whole life we recognize the won- of the people," Princess Maria. derful individuality of Elizabeth, Though the nation mourned that Queen of Roumania. her life was ended in four short . Bessie M. Meadek, '93. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 15

TURN ON THE LIGHT.

It is surprising to a careful ob- good education and have in con- server to find how few people sequence given to the State some know just what the churches and of her best teachers. In this way the good women of our State are over twelve thousands of dollars doing for the young women of have been expended to aid in de- North Carolina. Even learned fraying the expenses of those Professors, platform orators, and same young women. Moreover, College Presidents have strangely the income from a part of the overlooked the subject, or have endowment of Guilford College is forgotten it after being informed. to be devoted especially for young Only a few days ago we heard women. And the four hundred that able champion of female dollar scholarship annually offer- education, Prof. Chas. D. Mclver, ed to our young women who are make a speech on the education graduates is a better offer than we of our young women, and he too, can make to our young men. unfortunately, omitted the names The above has been done mainly of those who should never be as a church, now what have the

omitted in that connection. For women done ; In North* Carolina instance, the Friends have main- Yearly Meeting alone the women tained an institution of learning in have raised $2000.00, in the last North Carolina that has a reputa- four years, this sum has been de- tion for thoroughness and general voted entirely to the aid of worthy excellence surpassed by none in young girls in attendance at Guil- the State. This institution was ford College. Toward the above opened over fifty years ago, and sum women have given from $1.00 from that time until now the to $25.00 each per year. Again, daughters of Carolina, or of any the women of N. C. Yearly Meet- state, have had equal advantages ing originated the "Guilford Plan," with the young men therein and or Cottage system, whereby the at the same cost. cost of the attending College has

Nor is this all; for fifty years or been placed within the reach of a more the daughters of the church large number who otherwise could have received aid from the endow- never enjoy the advantages of a ment funds. In this way hund- College education. reds of bright young Quakeresses During the past year alone, have been enabled to secure a 32 young ladies who added much —

i6 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. to the scholarship and dignity of might mention what the true pure, the student body were in atten- women of North Carolina have dance at Guilford through the done for their sex at Greensboro beneficent working of the Cottage Female College, at Salem Ac- system. And I ma)- add, our no- ademy and elsewhere; how much ble Christian women are not con- the Normal and Industrial School tent with what has been accom- for women is indebted to that no- plished, they are now planing to ble band of womanly women erect an Industrial Home for the "The Kings Daughters. ", worthy young women of limited We also might mention the able means. This is but the carrying services of Major Finger, Profes- out of the Cottage system on a sors Mclver and Alderman, in be- larger and a more perfect plan; half of the same cause, but our the women have already contrib- prime object is to show something uted $500.00, for the Home. of what has been accomplished The above is only a mere out- by those whose names are seldom line of what the Quakers have mentioned and thus give honor to done for the education of women all to whom honor is due. in North Carolina. R. C. R. Did time and space permit, we THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 17

link to break the Collegian's i£Xuilford vi^ollegiaa Ihe o past record of prosperity and it PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE is with no small degree of enthusiasm that the members of LITERARY SOCIETIES the staff assume charge of the duties Of Guilford College. entrusted to them. Here we wish to remark, not September, 1892 incidentally, however, that we have great expectations. This is what we expect: We expect every

C. F. TOMI.ISSON, '93. alumnus, friend, patron and well E. E. Gillespie, '93 Eula L. Dixon, '94. wisher of Guilford College to aid ASSOCIATE EDITORS: us by their hearty co-operation in

Amy J. Stevens, '95 Personals. our efforts to succeed. Jas. P Parker, '93 Locals. F. W. Grabbs, '94 Exchange. We expect our alumni, when BUSINESS MANAGERS: asked, to honor themselves and

E. S. White, '93 to reflect credit upon the COL- H. B Worth, '94. Mart H. Arnold, '94. LEGIAN by contributing to its columns; we expect the Faculty Address all business communications to to be first to renew their -interest Business Managers op Guilford Collegian, and also their subscriptions; we Guilford College, X. C. expect a large number of the students to lend us their support Subscription price : One year $i.oo Club rates: Six copies 5.00 financially and in contributions. Single copies 10 If these expectations are ful-

filled here is what our readers The Collegian is entered at Guilford College Post Office as second class matter. may expect of us: A live college journal, fully in touch with all

The fifth collegiate year of questions pertaining to the wel- Guilford College has begun with fare of the college; an interesting an auspicious opening and it is college journal, made so, not by with a degree of pleasure that the our individual efforts, but by the present staff extends cordial combined efforts of those co- greetings to both its friends of old operating with us ; a decent college and the new ones it expects to journal, free from flash, trash and make. sentimental spring poems. In Contrary to the opinions of fact we expect the COLLEGIAN, some, Volume V. of The COL- through its own merits, to occupy

LEGIAN is begun and will con- an elevated position among col- tinue. There will be no missing lege journals. i8 THK GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

We hope we are not too pre- development of character were sumptuous in our statements, for early marked by a breadth and they arc not spoken for the cause true liberality toward which popu- of individual honors. Duty to our lar opinion has been slowly ad- college calls us to our respective vancing." Her ideas of total ab- posts and here we will be found stinence were realized in her own till the finish. example. Of the true life of woman she has a beautiful represent- We chronicle with this issue the ative in her daughter, Frances E. death of the mother of the great Willard. The life in the home of leader of the white ribbon army, Mrs. Willard was very pleasant, whose work if not of world-wide and her religion was nevermore reputation, is of world-wide effect. triumphantly manifest than in her Mrs. Mary L. Hill Willard was dying hours. Mrs. Willard, though near nine- born January 3d, 1 80s. in Danville, Vt., but at the age of ten years ty years old, was comparatively moved with her father to New young in disposition, with a mind York. She was married in 1832, clear until near the end. In the and afterward she and husband early morning of August 7th, the spent five years in study at Ober- soul peacefully took its flight. Thus lin College. passed. away a friend of the young Mrs. Willard was a woman of and an earnest laborer in the great strength of mind, ambitious cause of schools, churches, mis- yet patient and prudent, courage- sions, and general philanthropy. " ous and independent. As a moth- This mother in Israel" has er she was exceedingly tender gone up higher, but to every mem- and considerate, with a supreme ber of the W. C. T. U. and every degree of motherly devotion, and friend of temperance who knows " love for home and family. As a her life, she is only translated." Christian, her faith in God was steadfast, and her trust as that of A MATTEE Or IMPORTANCE. a little child. In speaking of Mrs. Willard, some one has said "she It has been said by some one was among the earliest to accept that, " he who can sit with com- the principles and adopt the prac- fort in a disorderly room, cannot tice of total abstinence, and to have an orderly mind." take a larger view of the true- Although there may be some education and sphere of woman. exceptions to the above state- Her views of physical culture, ment, yet upon the whole it ex- her ideals in home life and the presses a sentiment which every THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. l 9 one will doubtless admit as true, of learning is to train and develop after giving the subject a moment's our minds, but our physical being reflection. is so intimately connected with The manner in which we per- our mental, that what tends to form the various duties pertaining make our bodies conform to fixed to. our ever\- day life, gives to habits exerts also a potent influ- those around us a far deeper in- ence upon our mental faculties. sight to our characters than we It is perfectly natural to suppose would at first suppose. When we that the student who is slovenly meet a stranger, it is remarkable in his attire, or whose room is how we are influenced in forming kept in such a condition as to in- our opinion of him by his person- dicate neglect or carelessness, al appearance. As we ride along will pursue the same course in the street or through the country, arranging and keeping his intel- the neatness of lawns, the condi- lectual acquirements. tion of fences, and the glimpses Again, there is economy in hav- of the interior of homes through ing a place for everything and in open windows, speak in silent yet keeping it there. When we take forcible language of the charac- a book from a shelf it requires teristics of the owners or keepers, very little time to replace it, but for we unconsciously embody our- if left on the table or bed, the selves in that which we do. It is chances are it will be misplaced true that the maintenance of per- and probably hours unnecessarily fect order in the apartments we consumed in hunting it when occupy, seems at first a very small again wanted. matter to demand the attention of As with the book, so is it with a student busied with his intellec- the innumerable things which tual duties, and in a building boys will accumulate. Some of where " nobody will see it but these habits of negligence j have boys ;' but if view it in its we i clung to us from our earliestyouth, true light we will realize that it is for probably some of us can re-

a matter worth}' of our attention, ! member how hard it was for us, and upon which largely depends when lads, to keep up with our

in ' our success study. ! hats, and how a search warrant,

The discipline which a pupil as it were, would have to be issued gets at college is often of as much ere the last article could be re- if not more importance than the stored. actual knowledge which he ac- A little care on this line will quires. Of course our prime often save us much annoyance, object in going to an institution , besides establish habits which will 20 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. be beneficial to us through life. As we look down the avenues Some may argue that they are time which his own feet have trod too deeply absorbed in their work we can behold the outcome of the to give special attention to their good deeds he has wrought. The personal appearance, but past ob- white life of his beautiful soul has servation has proven that this is been shining forth for over three- only an excuse, for those who quarters of a century and its rays have ignored these so-called trivi- have sunk deep into other souls al duties have by no means been and have made them grander and the ones who have manifested loftier and more heavenly. unusual intellectual ability. Whittier was an imitator of God This subject should especially in all the phases of his life. How demand the attention of students unpretentious he has been in as the habits of school life, to manner! How generous have a large degree, shape our lives been his words of praise not of and direct our course after we his own works but of the works have bid farewell to our alma ma- of others, thus lightening their ter. E. E. G. burdens and heaping upon them his profoundest benedictions. How spiritual minded a man he THE QUAKER POET, was ! Of what exalted purity and The Quaker poet, Jno. G. Whit- what a devout Christian! tier, has gone to his reward. It has been said that rare intel- He has at last passed through lectual power is never monopo- the eventide of his well spent and lized by one man of a generation.

beautiful life and now while the While this is true, yet there may

whole Christian world is mourn- be a bright particular star

ing his departure, it seems that around which all others cluster. his voice still goes out to the peo- John G. Whittier was such a ple of the nation in those immor- star in the firmament of American tal words of his: " O my people, literature. O my brothers, let us choose the How long will his name live ? righteous side." As long as history lives, for the The man has departed, yet his history of a man's life is the mirror works have been left behind to be which reveals to all succeeding judged of by men. The last cap- generations the character of the stone has been adjusted to the man and his daily walk. monument which he himself has Whittier stood like a connect- reared, and death has crowned ing link between the past and the the whole work. future, but now the link has been THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 21

broken; the sympathetic chords This is true in mathematics, of his lyre have been unstrung; natural sciences, and especially the great heart, full of love for so in languages. humanity has been stilled, and If we hope to read fluently the the last song from the Quaker classic writers and fully enjoy the poet, so brave, so gentle, has now beauty of construction and con- been sung. C. F. T. centration of noble sentiment, a

thorough knowledge of syntax is indispensable. EIGHT BEGINNING. To attempt the perusal of the beautiful Odes of Horace or the The manner in which we begin lyric strains of Homer and Virgil the performance of a piece of with a superficial knowledge of work, whether physical or mental, declensions, conjugations, and is an indication of the way we general construction, will result will continue it and almost inva- in our forming an unfavorable riably determines whether the re- opinion of these ancient contrib- sult shall be a counted failure or a utors to literature. But on the success. other hand, if we are well versed We see this verified especially in syntax and have mastered all in the lives of students with whom the work preceding that which are we intimately associated, we are about to undertake, so since in this relation we com- that we can devote our attention mence many subjects of study chieflyto the sentimentexpressed, with them and are thus enabled the wisdom and golden thoughts to know with what earnestness of antiquated bards and philoso- and zeal they undertake the ac- phers will be as enjoyable and complishment of their assigned profitable to us, as they were to tasks. the Grecian and Roman youths. The importance of mastering As this is near the beginning the elementary principles of any of our term's work it would be branch of study cannot be over- well to bear in mind the import- estimated. ance of doing our best in every- The steps of knowledge are so thing we undertake. We cannot closely connected with and de- afford to do otherwise than our pendent upon each other that to best, for if we should we would fail to gain our equilibrium on a necessarily fail to obtain the lower one before putting forth an knowledge in store for us, we effort to ascend higher, often re- would give to our fellow students sults in a downfall. a false estimate of our ability, and 1,; —

22 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. would fail to accomplish the pounds the teachings of the great- prime object for which we have l est book on earth, and endeavors come here, the symmetrical de- to imprint its eternal truths upon

velopment of all our faculties. the hearts of the people ; the

There is always some com- journalist — the true journalist plaint at the middle and close of with clear thought, creative brain the term about examinations be- and generous sympathy, fulfils all ing so difficult to stand. The ! these appointments. He is the teacher is often unjustly censured man in whom are to be found a

while the pupil is wholly to blame, i dozen men's souls. Who will The solution of the examination say he does not each day write problem lies in thoroughly mas- history, as -he chronicles with tering each day's work. Let us! truthfulness and accuracy the. prepare each recitation as if our greatest of human events —fresh term's grade entirely from the field of action? Who will depended \ upon it and then we will not" be say he is not statesmanlike when

j baffled by the so-called dreaded he exposes crime and vice, seeks waves of examinations. to promote virtue and even dic-

There is no valid reason why a tates to our representatives in pupil possessing a sound mind Congress ? What a pulpit the and body, desiring self improve- journalist mounts daily and from ment, cannot take a prominent what a bible 'can he choose his stand in his classes. With dili- text— a bible which needs no gence, perseverance and self-re- translation-—the open volume of liance as his motto success will the world, upon which, with a pen inevitably await the coronation of of sunshine or destroying fire the his efforts. inspired present is even now wri- E. E. G. ting the annals of God. "Jour- nalism in this nineteenth century is a jealous profession and de- THE JOURNALIST. mands the fullest allegiance of those who seek its honors and The historian embalms the na- emoluments." tion's history in thoughts that As civilization advances, in an burn and words that breathe field ; the equal ratio does the of jour- statesman stands above the tur- nalism become enlarged, its pos- moil of political strife and dissen- sibilities widened and its influence sion and seeks to elevate the extended. Rapidly it is becoming people in thought, in purity, in a fascinating profession, yet those honesty ; the learned divine ex- who enlist in its ranks must soon —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 23 learn the first important lesson E?EI^SONAL. that it is no child's play. To the young man who possesses health, Martha Hammond will spend winter in Florida for her spirit and ambition —whose very the nerves are strung to the highest health. tension with anticipations of a Edna Farlow is now at Arch-, brilliant future —-who desires to dale, N. C. She expects to teach run a career in life that will honor this year. both himself and his people, let Mary Massey is having a good hith enlist in the ever-increasing time at home, after having been army of journalists, for there is no away so long. calling that can surpass the pro- Wm. C. Benbow, of Atlanta, fession of journalism, in either Ga., was married to Maud Barrett, dignity, honor or usefulness. It Sept. 1st, 1892 is a steep path that leads to the is now a highest place of honor and trust George Patterson prominent and wealthy citizen of in this profession, yet it can be reached. The pen of the lament- Concord, N. C.

ed Grady quivered when he wrote Jasper Thompson is meeting the lines which placed him in the with success as principal of a full highest position that he ever at- school at Snow Camp, N. C. tained to. When he adopted jour- Walter Mendenhall finds em- nalism as a profession he came to ployment in the sash and blind this decision— that to be a true factory at Greensboro, N. C. journalist one must comprehend Wilson expects to spend his position, fairly measure his Ed. at the University, where duties, and devote himself entire- this year j

' wil1 take a de ree une next ly and unselfishly to his work, and he S J position with these ideas constantly before ! George Wilson has a Holt, in him, he became one of our great- ' in the office of Grant &

! est journalists. Young men and Altamaha factory, near Elon Col-

l e e N. L. young women, and young women & - and young men—you whose mis- Martha Henley spent the vaca- sions in life have not as vet been tion at her home, near Ashboro, decided—think, before your deci- N. C. She will teach in that vi- winter, sion is finally made, of the field of cinity this

journalism, which is whiter to- Jennie Ragsdale starts North day than ever before. the 28th of September. She will

C. F. T. ' spend several days in Washing- ^4 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. ton before entering Bryn Mawr The following announcement on October 4th. has reached us: "Olive Louise Cox, born to Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Emma White is at home taking M. Cox, Monday, August 22, a rest from all school duties, since 1892, Topeka, Kansas." The completing the four years' course young couple have our hearty at this institution. congratulations. Lollie Worth is at home, passing the time in the usual home- Nathan Andrews spent a short time with friends at Guilford re- life manner—house-keeping, vis- cently. iting, entertaining company, &c. He was on his way to Poughkeepsie, N. Y., where he Frank H. Woody, a N. G. B. S. has gone to take a business course. student in the early fifties, has We wish him success in all his just been nominated for District undertakings. Judge in the fourth Montana district, with an election assured.. We very much regret not having Gertrude Darden with us Sue Farlow paid a short visit to again this term. From the best friends at G. C., on September information we can obtain she is 6th, on her way to Menola, N. C, taking lessons in the domestic where she goes to take charge of arts, and "they say" that there is a school. a new residence being built in S. A. Malloy is at East Bend Belvidere with a steeple. reading medicine. We wish him success in his chosen profession. The recent visit of Cora Cope- We like to see a young man with land, of Chattanooga, Tenn., to a definite object in life for which the College, .was very pleasant to to work. many of us. She had previously

Julia and Carrie Ballinger, who attended the Friends Yearly Meet- ing at Point, is for several years have been in High and now vis- Mexico as missionaries, are spend- iting friends in the eastern part of ing the summer at home. They this state. . ' ^ will return to their work in Octo- Capt. C. D. Cowles, a student ber. here in 1868-9, an d a classmate Herman Woody, of the class of of President Hobbs, paid a short

j '90 and class of '92 of Earlham visit to the College on the 9th College, is now principal of a inst. After leaving this school in flourishing school at White Plains, < 1869 Capt. Cowles entered West N. C. He finds in Anna Ed^er- i Point, graduating there at the end ton a competent assistant. of a four years' course, after which THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. he entered the U. S. Army. He LCOGALS. now resides in Washington, D. C. was very much pleased with He Vacation is past. the improvements that have been Another year of work ahead. made around the College. Good opportunities and plenty Peter John, of Freshman fame, is of them. now at Chapel Hill. We suppose old time memories would have Many temptations and hard to been too much for his constitution overcome. if he had returned to G. C, as a Many Christian friends who are merry face that used to peep from ready to cheer. an upper room of Founders' is no How natural are the voices that more visible among us. His class we have known so well. regrets not having him back. How much like home this old It is with great sadness that we place does seem to some. chronicle the death of Mamie There are several bicycles " Wheeler, which occurred at her at college " this year. home in Winston, N. C, July last.

She was a former student of Guil- A senior is quite sure that A is ford College, and was just in the first letter of the alphabet. the full flush of young woman- Prof. F. S. Blair has purchased hood. Our tenderest sympathy the property of J. M. Roberts. is with the family in this their Paul Stockton paid a visit to his great affliction. parents at Salem a few clays ago. We deeply sympathize with Anna Bundy Jacobs in the death Guilford was well represented of her husband, which occurred at the state convention of the W. C. T. near Webb City, Mo., August 23, U. 1892. They were out with a party The different Societies have for a few days fishing and recrea- again taken up their individual tion, and Mr. Jacobs was drowned routines of work. while in bathing. He was pastor John Van Noppen and J. M. of the Methodist church in Webb Woodward spent a few days in City and was greatly lamented by Durham recently. his friends. The remains were George Wilson, '92, taken to New York and buried in W. passed a beautiful spot on the Hudson, through on September iSth, en route for near the home of Anna's parents, Jamestown. with whom she will live. Dr. Mendenhall lectured Satur- 26 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN

day evening, September ioth, on Ed. Worth, a student here a Dr. Samuel Johnson. "great many" years ago, now A new water tank ma)' be num- finds pleasure in driving around behind his bered among the late additions at Hambletonian. Archdale. The residence of President Hobbs We are glad to see so many received a fresh coat of paint during new students with us and we give vacation, which adds them a hearty welcome. greatly to its appearance.

What has become of the pro- Prof. Perisho has had an unusu- posed telephone line between al number of callers since his

Greensboro and Guilford ? room at Archdale has been fitted up with a new carpet. The Y. M. C. A. now holds all its meetings in the hall, which has The express office at the station been comfortably fitted up. •has been discontinued for the

1 present, much to the inconveni- Chas. Ragan, Wm. Jarrell and ence of the students. Will. Ragsdale, came over on their bycicles a few days ago. It seems the Equator is too " great a circle " for one of the Mrs. Crawford and Miss Kase, members of the spherical geom- of Greensboro, called at the Col- etry class to comprehend. lege for a few hours on Sept. 4th. There is one pump on the Those who do not want to be campus that was evidently visited "dead heads" should renew their too much, and has succombed to subscriptions to the COLLEGIAN the trials of diversified at once. company. During The first social given this term vacation the museum received quite an passed off in - er-a-sort-er very addition of birds, birds eggs and shells off pleasant way. There is bound to from the be a revolution, though. eastern coast of Virginia.

In our next issue of the COL- We were exceedingly glad to LEGIAN, contributions will appear have a visit recently from Mr. from the pens of J. M. Dixon, '89, Brockman, who is officially con- and E. M. Armfield, '87. nected with the Y. M. C. A. work.

The primary school has again It is with regret that we an- been opened with Mary O. Lamb, nounce the death of the infant of last year's COLLEGIAN staff as child of Mr. and Mrs. R. D. Bo- principal. The attendance is quite ren, which occurred a short time laree. aeo. THE GUILFORD COLLEGAIN. 27

Mrs. Julia Moore and children, to the home of the latter on the of Goldsboro, have been spending afternoon of September 11th.

• the with father at i , her j summer a ^u „ r u~„ , j ! A soph, when asked in what

v , "Arcadia," Dr. Mendenhall's home u_,-i ^r p , , , book or thef Bible;K one could read I at the College. concerning the life and works j of the are pleased to as Apostle Paul, first replied: We announce j "In a matter of information, that the! Exodus;" then, thinking himself

Guilford College post office has ; mistaken, replied the second recently been made a money or- time: " In Samuel." | der office> Miss Gertrude Mendenhall is

The old bell at Founders' Hall i still at the college, much to the

which has sounded forth for so 1 delight of her many friends. She

many years has given way and ! leaves October 1st to assume will soon be replaced with a new charge of the chair of mathematics one. in the State Industrial and Nor- mal School. The second Triumvirate: Prof. Woody, Prof. Perisho and Prof. At a recent meeting of the Root. Take your choice and cast senior class $150 was pledged by your vote. The political outlook the members to help pay off the grows brighter every time a con- debt on the Y. M. C. A. Hall. It vention is held. is expected that the other classes will also take immediate action. Lawn tennis is on a boom this What are the Alumni going to do fall. Three new courts have been about it ? made and others improved. Quite a number are taking an interest King Hall has undergone many in the game who have never done improvements since last term. so before. The collection hall has been oiled

The first meeting of the John and varnished throughout, all the Bright society was fairly well at- blackboards have been repainted, tended. Officers were elected, the library has been renovated and a committee on enthusiasm and all departments are in first and general campaign work was class order. appointed. The W. C. T. U. of this place A party consisting of Prof. R. held a picnic on the afternoon of C Root, Miss Sallie Stevens, Miss the 8th, in which the people of the Mary Petty, Miss Gertrude Men- vicinity and the students freely denhall, C. F. Tomlinson and participated. The proceeds re- Henry Cude made a pleasant visit ceived by selling refreshments 28 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. will be spent in the aid of mission- €X6HANGBS. ary work. Preceding the picnic there was a lecture given by In several of our exchanges we Mrs. Sue Tomlinson, a prominent have seen interesting accounts of W. C. T. U. worker, and a recita- the commencement exercises at tion given by Miss Ida Vail, well the different colleges and institu- known here as an elocutionist. tions therein represented. From

Among the recent visitors at our recent association with the the college were Daniel Hill and president of Haverford College, Jonathan Baldwin, of Richmond, we are naturally interested in the Ind., A. E. Alexander, '90, W. W. description, in The Haverfordiau, of the closing exercises of the Mendenhall, '92, J. Byron White, Jennie Ragsdale, '92, Berta Tom- year at that institution . It is linson, Rufus White and Mrs. E. gratifying to learn, not only of A. White. the high literary standard which the college now sustains, but also At a meeting of the Alumna? of the remarkable success of that during vacation, the following of- seat of learning during the last ficers were elected: year and of the favorable pros- President— Prof. R. C. Root, '89. pect for the future. Vice-President— A. W. Blair, '90. In the same issue of that peri- '92. Secretary — Sue J. Farlow, odical we find a fitting and timely Treasurer— H. H. Woody, '90. article on the incorrect use of Orator—G. W. Wilson, '92. Alternate—]. H. Peele. '91. words. In the lines quoted:

" Her aint a calling we, On the morning of the 13th the Us don't belong to she." students and a few neighbors gathered in King Hall to render we are shocked at the abuse of honor to the "Quaker Poet," who our mother tongue, while we do so recently passed away. A not stop to consider that this is brief sketch of his life was given only an example of the common by Dr. Kereus Mendenhall, fol- grammatical errors brought into lowed by numerous quotations daily use. What is to be more from his poems given by the stu- wondered at, as the article states, dents. With his picture hanging is the fact that not only is such upon the wall before us, and his use of language common among deep impressive words sounding the uneducated, but that it is free- in our ears, we could but feel that ly indulged in by the college we, like the world, had lost an students of our land, and even honored friend. scholars well versed in the clas- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN 29

sics or English literature often substantial but less prominent make the most mistakes in con- portion of his course goes forth versation. This matter, small as into the world. By his attain- it may seem, surely deserves our ments, by his practical judgment, attention. In our centers of learn- and above all else, by his perse- ing we expect our language to be verence and energy, he builds the purified from its dross. If those lasting reputation of his alma ma- who know practice not what they ter. In common justice, should know, what may we expect from he be compelled to deliver an those who know not and are less oration which will embarrass him inclined to practice the little they and cause the public to form an 3 do know . incorrect estimate of his ability ? In the June number of The Perm Chronicle we were pleased We are glad for the statements to find a protest against the cus- of Hon. S. M. Finger, in The tom of compelling students com- North Carolina Teacher, in regard pleting a college course to deliver to the greater influence that our an oration. The custom does not State University should exert upon necessarily call out the solid ele- the people at large in our comments of character it ; only brings monwealth. It is encouraging to forth the brilliant rhetoric, the see the steps that are being taken smooth phraseology and the towards extending the advantages graceful delivery of the individu- of the university to as many of al. On the other hand, the student our young men as possible. May that patiently masters the more the movement continue.

Y. M. C. A.

As we enter upon another year terms, is to be spent happily and of college life and work, it is well profitably by every one present, for us to consider the nature of there must be unity of effort to- that work and the means whereby ward the general good, and each we can obtain true success in such student must regard himself or labor. Situated as we, the stu- herself as a means by which every dent body of Guilford College are, other student is to be made hap- we are fully confident that, if the pier and better. present term, as well as all other With such object in view, the 3° THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. T. U., |" Secretary—Emma E. Stanley. of Guilford College, held their Treasurer— Mollie B. Roberts. Librarian — Bessie M. Meader. customary joint reception in the Marshal— E. E. Gillespie. new Y. M. C. A. hall on the night WEBSTERIAN LITERARY SOCIETY. of August 27. A large audience assembled to enjoy the exercises President— W. T. Woodley. Vice-President—W. H. Mendenhall. of the evening. The religious Secretary— H. B. Worth. services consisted of sinking, Bi- Asst. Secretary— D. A. Kirkpatrick. ble reading and prayer, together Treasurer— C. W. Redding. with addresses of welcome on the Librarian — E. C. Blair. part of the two organizations rep- Marshal—H. A. White. resented, and also from the Presi- HENRY CLAY LITERARY SOCIETY. dent of the college. Special efforts President—?.. S. White. were put forth to make the new Vice-President — B. B. Hauser. at and to in- students feel home Secretary— C. F. Tomlinson. duce them to take part in the Asst. Secretary —J. P. Parker. work of the associations as the Treasursr— H. W. Reynolds.. best possible aid toward leading Librarian — V. L. Brown. Marshal—}. E. Blair. useful Christian lives at the institution. All present showed their PHILAGOREAN LITERARY SOCIETY. appreciation of the services by President —Mary O. Lamb. the interest and attention mani- Vice-President—Addie Wilson. fested throughout. After the Secretary— Lelia Kirkman. devotional exercises, games of Treasurer—Emma Stanley. Librarian — Bessie M. Meader. different kinds were freely in- Marshal— Mary Arnold. dulged in, and each person sought Y. M. C A. to have a good time in whatever

Y . W. way seemed proper. Thus the President— Grabbs. Vice-President J. P. Parker. evening passed away very pleas- — Recording Sec — E. C. Blair. antly, and we can truthfully say Corresponding Sec— E. O. Reynolds. " it good for us to be that was Treasurer— H. B. Worth. there."' Y. w. c. T. U. DIRECTORY. President—Bessie M. Meader. Vice-President — Isabella Woodley. JOHN BRIGHT LITERARY SOCIETY. Recording Sec —Mary Arnold. President— C. F. Tomlinson. Treasurer— Alice Massey. Vice-President— H. B. Worth. Corresponding Sec — Eula Dixon. Subscription, S 1 »092* Single Copies, !Q cents.

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Vol. V. OCTOBER, 1892. No. 2.

PROSPECTING FOR COAL IN BRITISH COLUMBIA.

The grading and building of Rockies from the east and about the "Great Northern" railroad the same distance from the boun- through northern Montana, west- dary. Here beds of coal were ward, to the Puget Sound coun- found, one of them 20 feet in try during '90 and '91, caused a thickness. Some years before rush of settlers to the fertile lands hunters and trappers had told of of the Flathead Valley in north- the existence of oil springs fur- western Montana. ther up the river, near the boun- With the settling of the valley, dary line. prospectors began pushing north- No interest was felt in the mat- ward along the Flathead River ter, however, until late in the toward the Canadian boundary. spring of the present year, when Bituminous coal had been discov- two or three men, thinking that ered in several places, scattered the existence of the oil springs in over the vast region of country such close proximity to the coal extending from the rolling bench bed might lead to the discovery lands of eastern Montana north of petroleum in paying quantities, and west toward Puget Sound and decided to investigate. into British Columbia—the great They did so, making a few lo- inland sea of the Cretaceous pe- cations. About the same time a riod. gentleman in Missoula, who had Early in the spring of '91 the been "grubstaking" a prospector first location of coal lands had for an interest in whatever he been made on the Flathead River, should find, received word from

35 miles north of the point where him that he had been to the oil " the Great Northern " breaks springs, had made some locations, through the main range of the and that whatever was done to- COLLEGIAN. 3 2 THE GUILFORD Flat- wards securing an interest there vation toward the foot of the o'clock must be done at once, before the head lake. About seven horses at Allord's rush came. I w e changed owns the Interesting some other parties ranch, a half-breed, who of buffaloes—ex- in Missoula in the scheme, it was only living herd in the National decided to send out a party to except a small band the amine the country and to make Park—which he will exhibit in World's additional locations Montana building at the of them were in Judge Woody, a N. G. B. S. stu- 1 Fair. But none was among sight except one or two calves. dent of 35 years ago j ! the lake and the number, hence my part of the At nine we reached the steamer story. were soon on board " There were four in the party State of Montana." miles across when we left Missoula on the. The twenty-five more up evening of July 18th, on the west the lake and thirty-five train for the river was passed pleasantly bound Northern Pacific j

' of the boat Ravalli, 40 miles north-west, on upon the upper deck in conversation with Father Aloy- the Flathead Indian reservation ; Priest who is " Louie" B., the commander-in- esius, the Jesuit in charge of the Catholic mission chief of the expedition—a wiry j this part of the state. He was little fellow about 35 years old—in in his views and who had passed his entire life on very liberal ; had while he explained to me the ten- the western frontier. He ; ets of the Catholic faith, I pre- scouted for the 5th Cavalry, and , master of the wag- sented to him George Fox Oua- fer a time was j guess neither convert- on train for the 7th, but of late kerism. I had been prospecting, in the hope ed the other, reached Demersville, the of "striking it rich." We of navigation, at four in the Harry P., an Ann Arbor junior, head It was our intention at home on his summer vacation, afternoon. " at that place, was the second member; Frank to buy our outfit " only find two horses W., a New Garden student in '87 but could purpose. The next and '88 was the third, and the that suited our P. and Frank W. took writer the fourth. day Harry had bought and We reached Ravalli after dark the horses they Columbia Falls, twen- and slept until 2 o'clock the next started for and ty-five miles further up the river, morning. Hurriedly dressing ; I went over to a station eating breakfast, we climbed into Louie and Northern that night, the stage and were off over the on the Great of the reser- intending to get horses there. grass covered plains | THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

The next morning, not finding presented quite a formidable ap- any horses, we piled our tents and pearance as we rode out of the blankets on a flat car, the railroad little town, the last settlement not yet being finished, and rode farthest north, and turned our up to Columbia Falls. There we faces towards the Queen's domin- found Frank and Harry awaiting ions. The first day out the trail us and horses in abundance. led through a Wilderness of tam- Here was another party of two, orack and spruce timber, from one a civil engineer and the other three to five feet in diameter and

an oil man from Pennsylvania, most of them 1 50 feet high. There just starting for the oil fields, so was a dense undergrowth of ferns, we decided to consolidate. almost as tall as the backs of the That afternoon we bought our horses. The trees were covered supplies. As everything had to with a long gray moss that gave

be packed on horses, it was not to them so wierd an appearance possible to take anything except that I could not help but think as

the bare necessities of life, bacon, we rode along—-that this was truly flour, coffee, some dried fruit and the "forest primeval."

salt. "Packing" is something That night we camped at a peculiarly western. It is a science small lake, and I took my first in itself and far more difficult than lessons in genuine wild, western, the average tender-foot will be- rough, outdoor life. We made lieve on seeing it done for the first our dough in the mouth of the time. There are two distinct flour sack and baked it in a frying kinds of saddles used; one the or- pan before the fire. Such bread dinary wooden cross pack saddle as we ate that night and for the proper and the other the Mexican days following, it had never been arrappago, which looks like a my fortune to try before and not pair of huge, old fashioned saddle- soon again, I trust. We turned bags. Space is too valuable to the horses loose upon a small attempt to tell how it is done, and meadow, only taking care to picket if it was not, I am free to confess old Sitting Bull, the leader, for that I haven't learned how to pack fear of a stampede during the yet, myself. night. Deer and bear tracks were The next morning we started. plenty around the edge of the lake Each man armed with a Winches- but we saw none of either animal. ter and revolvers, with cartridge The second day we struck the belts strapped around the waist, river canyon. About noon we mounted on an Indian cayuse, the were riding along the trail away six pack horses in front. We up on the side of the mountain; I 34 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

was riding behind the pack horses, in the morning and had been rid- [ looking down at the river 800 feet ling all the forenoon on the west- below. The Flathead river at side of the mountains, flanking the

that point is about the size of the I river on the west. About the French Broad at Asheville but middle of the day the trail led looked but very little larger than back towards the river. For two the Horse Pen creek near New hours we had been climbing slow- : Garden. The trail was very nar- ly up the mountain. We had just row and just at the time I was en- reached the summit when we rode joying the scenery most, my cay- out of the timber which had here- sy*? slipped his hind leg off the tofore obstructed our view, when, trail down the side of the moun- there spread out before us was the

tain, about twenty feet it seemed valley of the "L^pper Flathead,' to me. It is needless to say that and twenty miles to the eastward I dismounted in double quick time was the snow capped peaks of the

and led him till the trail descend- main chain of the Rockies. Never

ed nearer the river. We did not have I seen anything to approach

stop for dinner, for the reason that it in massive beauty and sublime

there was no place where we could i grandeur. Involuntarily we stop-

find room for any thing except ' ped, but only for a moment, as stopping. About four in the after- the only place where we could noon we reached another small find grass for the horses for the lake and concluded to go into night's camp was several miles camp. While part of the company farther on. We forded the river were preparing supper, the others late in the afternoon and went rigged up fishing tackle and went into camp at a "shack" some fishing. All there was to do, was prospector bad built for the win-

to throw out your line and pull in ter. We found it unoccupied and the fish. In a few minutes we took possession by "right of dis-

had caught over thirty half-pound | covery." trout, trail speckled mountain and as j The next day the led hungry as we were, none of them through the valley proper, cover- were left when we had finished ed with fine bunch grass and that supper. To add to our good luck, night we camped by the river Frank and Harry, who were be- within a mile of the line. Early hind, soon came up with a deer next morning we packed and across the saddle, which they had 'saddled, intending if possible to just shot. reach the oil springs that night. minutes ride brought us The next day was Sunday, but \ A few to on. left International Boundary line. we pushed We the river I the THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 35

I was anxious to know " what it That morning Parsons had left

would look like." It is almost ' camp half an hour before the rest useless to say to the readers of were ready to start, saying he was The Collegian that the bounda- going ahead to hunt deer. A ry between the northwestern por- mile north of the line we left the tion of United States and the trail and turned square to our British possessions had not been right into the "lodge pole" settled at the time of the Polk- (scrub pine) timber. Parsons not Scott Presidential Campaign of knowing our intention had of 1852, when the Democratic battle course kept straight ahead on the cry was the celebrated "fifty-four trail.

forty or fight." The democrats I wanted to wait until he had

won' the campaign principally I found we were not following him, upon that issue but finally by the and had had time to return, but Webster-Ashburton treaty of 1S53 the others said he would easily

accepted as the boundary the overtake us. I didn't feel satis- forty-ninth parallel instead of 54 Q fied. Writing on a piece of paper 40'. The line was surveyed in the the direction we had gone, I

early sixties but was not finished fastened it to an overhanging tree

as late as '72. It is marked by- directly across the trail where he

stone monuments set up through, could not fail to see it, and rode the open prairie country, with a after them. A half a mile farther

sixty feet wide cut through the on I rode up on an elevation and timber. The "Boundary Trail," fired some shots from my Win- made and used for packing sup- chester to attract his attention,

plies to the surveyors and axe-men ' and in a minute thought I heard

is still used both by the Indians some faint shots in return. I soon and white men. caught up with the others and

The point where we crossed again wanted " them to wait, but was in the timber, and as we rode they insisted that his cayuse could across the clearing out of Uncle easily track us, and that he ought Sam's and into Queen Victoria's not to have gone on alone any- domain I could not help but feeL way. I was not yet satisfied. We that the air felt a little less free were travelling over a rough lodge than that we had just before been pole country, which had been

breathing. Up to this time, ever I burned over a year or two before since leaving Columbia Falls, we with no trail except what our

had been following a well-worn horses made and I couldn't be- Indian trail that could be follow- lieve that any one but an expert ed with little difficulty. mountaineer could follow. We 36 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. rode on and on but still no sign of a tree close by, so as to be ready to pay best respects to any Parsons. About four in the after- j my noon Copeland and I were riding stray grizzly that might chance to behind, discussing the chances of pay me a visit. They all returned his reaching Columbia Falls again late in the afternoon tired and with nothing but some matches hungry. They had not found the and a few cartridges, when I hap- oil but knew they had been close smell. pened to look behind and saw to the springs from the searched him coming a half-mile down the The day following we canyon. faithfully but could not locate it,

! were successful, He had already seen us. We but the next we at the base of waited for him and when he came The springs were passed up the smile he wore was truly a cliff, near which we had previous. indicative of his feelings. It is several times on the days small not necessary to add that he staid The oil only oozing out in the water. That close in camp the ramainder of quantities with | carried back to camp the trip [evening we we had At the time Parsons overtook a bottle full, which from the top of the us, we knew that we were in the skimmed vicinity of the oil springs, and as water. fifth day in camp Tonie it was impossible, on account of The axe, ' an the fallen timber, to follow farther and I, taking our guns and to loca- up the canyon we decided to ; started out afoot make that our permanent camp. tions. We left camp early in the make | until two in We were on the head waters of morning and tramped Sage Creek about 20 miles from the afternoon. farther up the line. We did not dare go as we could not make The next day we rested. j the canyon The day following part of the camp by night. The land laws of company started out on foot to British Columbia allow prospect-

: under one find the springs, some went hunt- ors to locate 640 acres notice. The dip of the ing and I staid in camp to get location dinner. Tonie had shot a deer country rock was toward the the evening before, so, thinking Northeast and we intended locat- bed as far to get up an extra good dinner I ing the whole canyon took some deer ribs and potatoes South as the springs, as we and made a stew that would have thought the oil must be North- done credit to an imported French ward with the dip of the strata, cook, in the meantime taking the While Tonie hewed off the stump precaution to stand my gun up by of a tree on which to fasten our THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 37 notice of location, I sat down and we could scarcely see objects half laying my Winchester across my a mile away, and fearing that we lap, using the stock for a writing might be hemmed in if we re- desk, I wrote the notice " that we mained longer we thought best to have this day discovered and lo- start on our return, cated and intend to apply to the 1 At an altitude of 5,000 feet Commissioner of Lands at Victo- above sea level, although during ria for a license to prospect this the greatest heat of summer, there section of land for coal and pe- was scarcely a night during our troleum, etc." stay when it was not uncomfor- A mile east from the place tably cool. Hardly a morning where we were at that time was passed but what we found frost, the top of the divide, where east- and ice, a quarter of an inch thick, ward the waters flow toward the in the water buckets. Atlantic and to the westward in- The first day on our return we to the Pacific, while 30 miles to crossed the boundary line late in the north was the headwaters of the afternoon and went into camp the Sascatchewan flowing north- at the mouth of Sage Creek, be- ward into Hudson Bay. tw'een the creek and the river. We That afternoon, (August 1st) could now see the fire to the we picked ripe strawberries within south of us, but protected on two hundred feet of the snow line, either side by the creek and rivers We reached camp at sundown felt secure. The next morning utterly exhausted. the sun rose red and angry; the

On our way home we passed an smoke so dense that at times it old Indian camp where I picked was almost hidden, up the jaw and long chiseled, Tonie not thinking it safe to go pointed tooth of the beaver, the on we concluded to stay in camp remnant of some Chippewa feast, until the fire immediately in front

At the time I remembered the had somewhat abated. Frank New Garden museum and put the and Tonie went fishing, but hav- relic in my pocket. ing something else in view I re-

A da)' or two after three of the mained in camp. I had noticed party started for home, leaving some ripe strawberries the evening three of us alone. We remained before and having been without two days longer, making ad- fruit since leaving Missoula I ditional locations, but fires had made up my mind to have some broken out in the mountains, pie. south and west of us, the smoke Picking all the strawberries I settling down in the valleys until could find and still not having 38 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. enough I picked some wild goose- left him to his own meditations berries to go with them. After and went to bed. frying some fat bacon to get The next morning the fire in

"shortening" I went to work on our front having died away we my dough. But when it came to again started for home. Several rolling out the crust I was puzzled. times we found the trees still

I had no rolling pin, and even if burning across the trail and were

I had there was nothing on which compelled to ride around them. to roll the dough. I was ready to The last day before reaching give up in despair, but putting the Columbia Falls, we found two dough in the baking pan, by care- newspapers, several days old, that fully pulling and stretching I some one going up to the coal finally succeeded in getting it banks had dropped on the trail. spread over the bottom of the pan. It was the first news we had had

Then I put in the berries, of the outside world and to say sprinkled some sugar on them, the> were interesting does not be- poured in some water and as it gin to express the eagerness with was out of the question to find which we read them. any way to contrive a second crust, Sunday morning we rode into

I baked it without any. I worked Columbia Falls; there being no fully three hours on that pie but stage that day we hired a rancher never was labor better rewarded. to take us to Demersville. That

It might not have taken first night we slept on the boat, the premium at a county fair, but at next day down the river, across supper that night we were all of the lake and reservation, reaching the opinion that it filled "a long the Northern Pacific at Ravalli felt want." late in the afternoon. We waited minutes for train That night Tonie coming back only a few the and two hours afterwards reached from looking after the horses ran Missoula, with nothing whatever on to a bear just back of the tent in our personal appearance to that had no doubt been attracted lead anyone to suspect we were by the smell of the fish we had English dudes. been cooking for supper. The There is no doubt but that bear running into a clump of "roughing it" is a healthful occu- bushes we sallied out, armed to pation, but hereafter I prefer to the teeth to surround him. But take mine in homeopathic doses. the bear refusing to come out and M. Dixon, '89. no one being willing to go in, we J. Missoula, Montana. —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 39

SUCCESS THAT FAILS.

All force is reflexive. The pow- success and won for him lasting ers of mind and muscle which fame. move the world must sustain the Search amid the ruins of every reaction of the force which they fallen nation, of every e ystem of exert, or they will be overwhelm- thought, philosophy or religion, ed by it. It is equally true that for the cause of a great failure, there can be no reaction without and we find it always the same a previous action—no effect with- a great success. All history out an adequate cause. shows that the grandest, the Grant the existence and opera- noblest and the most heroic efforts tion of these two laws in the Uni- to reach an end, bring with ac- verse and the result is inevitable. complished purposes the recoil

Every great individual, social or which is self-destroying. political movement must be fol- Greece, the so-called land of lowed by some kind of reaction, genius and freedom, was not free. and since human knowledge is From the days of Plato her sole imperfect and human conception object was to exalt the honor, limited, that reaction will reveal power and glory of the state. the native infirmities in the con- How terribly she succeeded only ception and execution of the most her fate can tell! All individuality exalted ideal. It does more. It was crushed beneath the corner- instantly becomes a positive force, stone of her national greatness. urging to higher and broader ac- The American patriot fought for tivity, or a negative one, satisfy- liberty because liberty meant to ing the mind that one action is him the sanctity of that hallowed activity and one success success. shrine—the circle of home. No The operation of this law is evi- such noble impulse nerved the dent at all times and in all places, arm of the Grecian in his strug- from the sublime grandeur of gles. He fought for pride, for his countless worlds hurled through statues and his state. His end immeasured space by the force of was centralization and socialism, mutual attraction, down to the and their crumbling ruins brought college graduate whose fevered destruction to his government and' fancy concieves that his diploma death to his freedom. has carried him to the pinnacle of Rome's ambition was to wield a 40 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. military despotism over the whole sentation in our Federal Assembly civilized world, while revelling in while this increased strength

Oriental splendor and an ener- I carries almost no support to the

vating sloth. Her success was ; Northern principles which created her failure, and like some obscene it. Little did the North dream in and rapacious vulture she stretch- her hour of triumph that she was ed her black and blasting wing- forging a "boomerang" which over three continents, feasting would recoil on her own head with upon the blood and treasure of such merciless effect. Paradoxi- every nation known to earth, until cal as it may seem, this truth is as her prey poisoned and deadened evident to thinking men as the the stroke of her own mighty great moral truths that crisis wing, and then her huge and bloat- taught us. ed, but imperial carcass fell asun- thus it has ever been, | And der, and the influence of her fall After the bubble comes the panic, will extend to the remotest ages after the night of revel comes the of time. morning of bitterness, after an Napoleon rose amid the crash- era of golden magnificence comes ing storm of the French Revolu- a period of decay. Empires wax, tion and wild ambition whispered wane and perish; ideals appear, j

in his ear of another French i develop and fade; philosophies monarchy more absolute than the rise and grapple with the mighty one whose tyrannical throne had problem of Being, then sink be- just been hurled beneath a deluge nealh the crest of ever-advancing of dust and blood. His success waves of thought. The human was grand, but the waves as they intellect believes each to be the break upon the barren shores of proper solution to the problem of

Saint Helena murmur ever more life, but ever and anon the heart of a grander failure. is staggered with uncertainty and Who would call the late war a throbs and sighs and moans for perfect success for the North, or a the knowledge which only Death total failure for the South? Its can reveal and seeks for the answer beneficent effects to the South are which only Eternity can give,

already plainly manifest on every | Naturally then the question hand in the new order of things, arises: "What is to be our future The North succeeded in forcing as a people?" Shall we escape upon us nearly seven millions of the operation of this eternal and enfranchised negroes, yet how dif- unchangeable law? When we ferent the result from that intend- consider the various and diverse ed; it gives an increased repre- forces at work in our society it al- ;

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 4i

most justifies the fear that our She has ever reared her proud boasted civilization of to-day, cer- head amid the wreck of nations, tainly the grandest success in all never retreating, ever advancing.

1 annals of humanity, may be With our hand she gathers and but a prelude to the most stupend- strings the pearls of the past and ous failure the historian has ever garners those memories which

I yet recorded. But is all life only wake to perish never; with the a phantom? Has earth's long other she grasps the helm of the pilgrimage been but towards an Ship of Time, and steers her ever-fleeing mirage} Have all freighted with the hopes of earth those causes for which martyrs toward that grander ideal of suc- have prayed, statesmen pleaded cess, an ideal which no nation has and heroes fought and died been ever yet achieved, an ideal stretch- delusions? No, forever no! The ing beyond the horizon of human grandeur of the nineteenth cen- thought into the glorious realm of tury civilization is but a precious the infinite beyond, an ideal to- collection of relics from the failure ward which the whole world is of countless millions of ideals; its being borne slowly, painfully, but darkness is only that which the surely. Courage then should be human mind has not yet been able the watch-word. to eliminate. This process of " Heaven is not attained by a single bound But we build the ladder by which we rise separation is still going on; this is From the lowly earth to the vaulted skies Progress— Progress the daughter And climb to the summit round by round." of earnest and benevolent effort. Carolus.

PEACEFUL GOVERNOR ARCHDALE.

The conduct of John Archdale, ry nobility was created, but this when Governor of Carolina in ill-fated "Grand Model," during

1695, is one of the many illustri- its brief life of twenty years, only ous examples of the moral force produced friction between the which attends the practice of a proprietors and the colonists. The policy of peace. The colony had early years of the colony were been granted by Charles II, in years of confusion. The Indians 1663, to eight English noblemen. were overreached in trade, and

It received a constitution from kidnapped to the West Indies ; the John Locke, by which an heredita- colonists connived at privateering 42 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. expeditions against the Spaniards, tion for the Gospel which God, in till the two peoples came to feel a His season, without doubt, will rooted animosity to one another, cause to dawn among them." and factions and jealousies sprang This man, with his love of peace, up between the different sets of and his desire for the welfare of colonists. At length affairs reach- the Indians, was well fitted to ed such a pass that the Governor calm the turbulence of the colo- wrote to England that "it was nists. He reached Charleston in impossible to settle the country, August, 1695, with almost unlim- except a proprietor himself was ited powers, and every faction at sent over with full power to heal once applied itself to him in hopes their grievances." of relief. He appeased them with John Archdale was sent. Like kind and gentle words, and as William Penn, he was a member soon as possible summoned the of the Society of Friends, and like Assembly and addressed it in a him, his adoption of Quakerism conciliatory tone. After a long seems to have separated him from session all matters were settled his family. He was probably cho- amicably, owing to the wise con- sen for the difficult position owing cessions made by the Governor. to the success with which he had Forgiveness of certain debts, care- governed North Carolina in 1687, ful inquiryinto cases of individual during an absence of the Govern- grievances, the selection of a coun- or, Sothell, who was a brother cil from among the citizens most proprietor and an ambitious, un- trusted by the people, these were scrupulous man. A letter written some of Archdale's wise measures. at that time shows the earnest Of the hostile Indians he made spirit in which he strove to bring warm friends. Magistrates were about peace. "I hope I shall have appointed for hearing disputes be- the country at peace with all the tween them and the settlers, and Indians, and one with another. his efforts to protect them against The people are very fearful of insults and to establish fair trade falling into some trouble again if with them met with considerable

I should leave them before my success. Even the Spaniards at brother Sothell returns, which St. Augustine, in Florida, grate- makes my stay the longer. Some fully acknowledged his justice and of the Indians near me are so kindnessto someChristian Indians civilized as to come into English under their protection, who had habits, and have cattle of their been captured by another tribe

own ; and I look upon their out- and brought to Charleston for sale ward civilizing as a good prepara- to the traders of Jamaica and Bar- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 43 badoes. This he prevented, con- We know very little more of sidering it an atrocious crime to John Archdale. Having settled sell Christians of any denomina- at Chipping Wycombe, in Buck- tion. Archdale's friendliness to inghamshire, he became so popu- the Spaniards was soon after re- lar with his neighbors that he was paid by the kindness with which, elected by them to Parliament, in in 1697, a party of shipwrecked 1698, without any solicitation on Friends was treated at St. Au- his part. His strength of princi- gustine. ple showed itself in his refusal to At home, the only unsettled take the oath, and in consequence difficulty related to the Hugue- his election was annulled. In nots, who formed a large body 1707 he published a quarto volume among the colonists. Archdale containing a description of Caro- wished to allow them all the priv- lina, "with several remarkable ileges of British subjects, but was passages of Divine providence obliged to waive the question during my time." rather than disoblige the bulk of Such is the scanty record of a the British settlers. most useful life. John Archdale Having thus accomplished all did not seek for fame or power. his objects, he returned to Eng- The greater part of his life was land at the close of 1696, amidst spent in the ordinary round of his the gratitude of the colonists, daily duties as a country gentle- leaving the government in the man. And yet he is happy above hands of Joseph Blake, who, du many who take a more brilliant ring the four remaining years oflplace upon the page of history the century, ruled quietly and well [for our memory of him is associ- over the now prospering settle- I ated only with words of kindness

ments - and deeds of peace.— Selected.

STRAWS.

Very few students ever go to young man with a definite pur- College without sooner or later pose, identifying himself with the giving to their schoolmates , and best, or in other words the Chris- teachers an insight into their char- tian body of students immediately acter and to a great extent into upon entering college. He not the environments of their home only raises himself in the estima- life. It is encouraging to see a tion of all with whom he comes 44 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. in contact, but also gives them a stop immediately and literally better opinion of his parents, his gnash his teeth if the others did former associates and the town or not stop also. It is certainly a district of country in which he calamity if the few who thus dis- lives. turb our religious gatherings can-

On the other hand it is, in one not be prohibited. They certainly sense, discouraging to find some never think what a feeling of of our school-matesspendingtheir shame they send through the very money and time for that which beings of the remainder of the does not strengthen their mental students, and what a reflection abilities; and above all to see they cast upon the college and its them neglecting the splended op- faculty. We sincerely hope that portunities of the most vigorous these boys will stop and think part of their lives. Among this when they engage in these un- class of college students, (and I gentlemanly acts that throw dis- am glad to say that there are but credit upon themselves and many very few at Guilford), we find the others. loafers, "dead-beats," occasional Now it is the duty of the card players on the sly, and "lit- Christian class-mates and school- tle thieves." These characters mates of this class of boys, to are soon discovered and read by show their love for them, pray for all intelligent persons with whom them and try to bring them indi- they are thrown. They seem to vidually under better influences. forget the object of their being Those who profess the name of and that they reflect upon the Christ sometimes encourage in- characters of their parents, (for stead of discourage these weak- whom they would take revenge if nesses in their fellows, thus giving slandered by anyone else), when them less faith in the Christians they engage in these " little themselves and also in the Chris- meannesses " that really speak so tian religion. We should never loudly. There is not one of this laugh at the oaths, the careless- class who, if one of his nearest ness, the disregard of worship and relatives were to walk into a many other similar things which prayer meeting while he and his we frequently hear expressed associates were disturbing the among us, for in so doing we give worship by that abominable our approval to those things. We '' scraping of feet " or some other should detest the actions and love irritating noise, but what would the actors. : —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGAIN. 45

Q") (7Z -IX 1 (T^Jl „~;~ v. the standard of the paper until it . he l£X milord oellegian. I , „ , - 1 shall be a real representativef f off PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE LITERARY SOCIETIES the intellectual life at the college. It will be the constant aim of the Of Guilford College. present staff to make each issue EDITORS of The Collegian more attract- C. F. T0MLINS0N, '93. E. E. Gillespie, '93. ive in appearance and more read- Eula L. Dixon, '94. able. ASSOCIATE EDITORS: Amy J. Stevens, '95 Personals. The Collegian is intended to Jas. P. Parker, '93 Locals. F. W. Grabbs, '94 Exchange. be a medium through which every BUSINESS MANAGERS: one interested may to some ex- E. S. White, '93. H. B. Worth, '94. tent become acquainted with the Mary H. Arnold, '94. intellectual and social life of the

Address all business communications to . college. Since its foundation /-> •< Business Managers of Guilford Collegian,' /- -ir j ii i , j Guilford stood on its Guilford College, N. G. College has own merits, and has never pre-

price : One year Subscription $1.00 1 tended to be more than it really Club rates: Six copies 5.00!. „ its ' 1S and The COLLEGIAN, as - Single copies . ro representative, stands upon the

is entered at Guilford The Collegian College Post cor-r-,~ rrrnnn J Office as second class matter. bdlllC gruuilU. To the patrons we would say

October, 1892. our mission is to let you know what we as students are doing. ANOTHEK STEP FGKWAKD. Lend us your support—nctsim- ply for financial aid, for The COL- This issue of The Collegian legian has always been on a firm goes to the home of every student financial basis, but because your now at this institution. We make support will add strength to our this new move for two reasons— ] motives. the first being that we take it fori We anticipate the best results granted that the patrons of Guil- from our new move, ford College are deeply enough interested in those whom they PEKSONAL WOEK. send here as to be also deeply in-

terested in all that is connected Amongthe many ways by which with the college. Our second we, as professing christians, may reason is that we believe all the advance the kingdom of Christ, patrons who do manifest this in- there are none more promising of terest will subscribe to The COL- important results or more emphat- LEGIAN and thus aid us in raisiner ically enjoined upon us by the 46 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. words and example of the "lowly your conversation and actions that | Nazarene," than individual effort you are a christian, rest assured for the salvation of those with your lamp needs attention. Think whom we are associated. In fact you any one ever mistook Christ the christianization of the world for a publican or sinner, although is dependent upon individuals, he constantly mingled with them? which include you and me; and if No! by his very presence he im- we neglect the performance of our pressed every beholder as one duty, we act in a manner very dis- possessing the divine nature. But pleasing to our Heavenly Father, we often live such lives and so and are guilty of sin; for, if we seldom do anything at our profes- rightly interpret the Word, the sion, that those around us have to want of conformity unto his re- consult the church roll or make vealed will is as truly a sin as a other inquiries to ascertain our transgression of it, nor are we position. How great, then, is aware that he has ever intimated our responsibility, and how fool- that a sin of omission is less hein- ish are we if we trifle away these ous in his sight than one of com- golden opportunities for service. mission. It was not for the zvronsr It is a lamentable fact that the use but for the non-use of the one majority of professing christians talent that the servant was de- consider speaking to a friend or prived of his trust and called relative about his soul's salvation j "wicked and slothful" his a burden rather than a blessed by mas- j

ter. "Inasmuch," said Jesus, "as , privilege and pleasure, but will ye did it not to one of the least of discuss freely with him the lead- these, ye did it not to me." Again, ing topics of the day without once "Ye are the light of the world." mentioningtheall important ques-

As it is the sole purpose of a light tion, and if accidentally confront- j to involuntarily illuminate and ed by it will invariably evade it at j

benefit its environments, so is it ! the first opportunity,

an essential qualification of a I Are we Christ-like if we act

christian light to do likewise; and ! thus? Let us look for a moment when a brightly burning lamp 'at our exemplar and see. Christ

cannot be seen in darkness, then, j was a personal worker. It was a and not till then, can a soul filled personal interview he had with the

with the 1 )ve of Christ mingle < woman at the well that resulted

with dying humanity indifferent to in her conversion ; it was in a per- its great need. If your associates sonal conversation that he show- and those with whom you chance ed Nicodemus the necessity of a to come in contact, cannot tell by new birth, the young ruler the THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 47 danger of riches; he personally ing that the time for gleaming administered to the wants of the will soon be past, and that "He poor, the blind, the lame, the be- that winneth souls is wise" and reaved, the disconsolate, and in will not fail of his reward. fact, the larger portion of his min- E. E. G. istry while on earth was devoted to acts of mercy and deeds of kindness to individuals. The motto "Look forward, not Doubtless if we had given this backward," is a very good one, article a subject, some of our yet we think we are often benefit- readers seeing it would have ed by taking a view, occasionally, passed these words by with the of our past life, that we may see epithet "old" or "stale." There- what progress we have made. It fore the only appropriate title has is possible for us to labor under been omitted, hoping that thereby the delusion that, as we do not some may be led to consider the always see the result of our lives subject of vocal culture. during our earthly existence, we We know that the voice has will reap our reward hereaf- much to do with the attractive- ter, while in truth we have sown ness of a person, consequently no seed from which to expect a the influence. We are pleased harvest. with a voice that is smooth, dis- Let us solemnly and honestly tinct and musical. The tones that ask ourselves how many persons are harsh are grating to our ears, we have spoken to concerning and no matter how beautiful may their souls during the last week, be the thought exprsssed the month, year, or since we espoused sounds with which it is clothed the cause of Christ, and see if we makes it to a great extent repul- can be confident that, if it should sive. Whatever of voice we own be the good pleasure of the All- is natural, and as any other gift of Wise one to call us hence, our nature will admit of cultivation, crowns of rejoicing would be em- and it is in behalf of vocal music bellished with glittering stars as as a part of the curriculum of a fit emblems of the souls we have school that we take up our pen. been instrumental in leading from Heretofore, development, to the darkness into light. greater part of humanity, has sig- Let us as Christians, members nified a struggle against the com- of the true vine, awake to a sense mon circumstances of life, and of our responsibility and be up even now this meaning is not and doing while it is day, know- foriegn —certainly not, in regard 48 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. to our subject. Even the free, manity will have more than this,

God given faculty of' voice, which and it wants major tones of com- needs no material aid to perfect it. bined smoothness and melody. cannot be developed without a far The world wants music because more considerable financial outlay of its influence, since it is a cause than is really necessary. The cir- of good and again a result of cumstances essential for the cul- good. Rational man loves a song tivation of the voice are now out for it is a natural outcome of glad- of the reach of the bulk of our ness and the sad heart often finds young men and women, for in relief in tones, and even the every American educational insti- troubled mind of the maniac is tution within our knowledge vocal calmed to some extent by the hu- culture is still an "extra." In man voice. some of the schools of Europe But for those who perhaps do vocal music is given to all of the not love song there would be a students as a part of their regular second good result from vocal work, and this plan receives hearty training—a pleasant voice for con- commendation. Especially in versation. Reading is considered schools that are in reach of the helpful in training the voice as to poorest children the results of this tone, pitch, variety, etc. Vocal plan may be seen, for thereby music teaches the same. Duty special musical talent has been bids us make the most of our- discovered and put on the high- selves. Therefore we want to way to development that other- make our voices such as to convey wise would have been lost to the the correct impression of the world. We would ask the ques- inner man. Sentences involving tions: Why do not we have this comfort are not such without a training also ? Why not in a tone of comfort, and words of week of school work give time cheer are blank without a spirit of necessary for vocal culture in pro- cheer. We need as much of the portion to that required and given cheerful, comforting and silvery for the mastery of mathematics or tone in our daily conversation as any other study ? we need finely constructed sen- The purpose in this line of cul- tences, and without training many ture seems two fold. First, to of us will lack these, for nature meet the demand of the world has not given us all sweet voices. that calls for song. We hear Therefore, that our voices may be minor strains every day from the a source of direct pleasure to wind, the water and the birds, and others, and indirect good to our- these are appreciated. But hu- selves, we should strive with the THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 49 perseverance of Demosthenes to then, can the faculty of an insti- make our tones accord harmo- tution manifest college pride? niously with the minor strains of First of all by every individual nature—our standard of excel- member making himself felt in lence. E. L. D. the leading educational matters that come before the people; by COLLEGE PEIDE. coming in contact with the masses; by raising his voice in educa- Among all the conditions which tional assemblies, and in many enter into college life, none is other ways. When these things are done by more suggestive as we conceive, any individual member, then in This condition than college pride. almost an unconscious manner is looked upon from various stand- will the institution he represents points by different individuals, and be placed before the people in its the right view of it is often not true light. Some institutions are represent- taken. By college pride we mean ed as being a great deal more than college enthusiasm as it is mani- they really are. When this is the fested in the different phases of case college pride has been trans- college life. formed into "college boast!' Oth-

It is the out-growth of the deer institutions do not stand before the public in a light that is just to sire to be at the head in every the institution or the people. way that is honorable, and since When this is the case college of it is not a declaration undue pride is sadly wanting. self-esteem on the part of those The students of every institution who engage in it and uphold it, of learning play an important part in the formation of the char- we are inclined to believe that it acter of the institution, thus we results in much good. In the first must expect to find in them this place the spirit of the age favors enthusiastic spirit even to a great- it. This is an age of action, and er degree. The student that shows the balmy days of reflection and an enthusiastic interest in the success of any movement engaged leisure have put on a new attire. in, either by the institution as such we see our institutions of Thus or by the students themselves, learning confronted with a new has a college pride which is valu- condition. There must be life, able to himself because it is valuable to the institution. energy and constant effort ; there The college that thrives and must be college pride manifested prospers in these days is the one both faculty and students of by that prepares itself to do good fulfils any institution that the re- work and lets the people know it. quirements which the American College pride is a potent factor youth of to-day demands. How, in bringing about this result. C. F. T. 5o THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Seasonal. I. E. Pearson of Des Moines, Va., a student of the Boarding

School in '59, is a successful minis- Dora Bradshaw has returned to ter of the Friends' church. her school in Berlin, Va. On Sept. iSth, 1892, Allen E. E. Farlow is teaching at J. Marshburn was married to Plainfield near his home. Emma Lashley, all of Snow Camp. Our Berta Tomlinson is in Durham, best wishes go with them. studying vocal and instrumental Lonnie Hollowell and Charles music. Kirkman are both employed as Estelle Patton is teaching music salesmen at the store of S. S. in the school at Union Ridge, Brown & Co., Greensboro, N. C. N. C. Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Futrell of Eunice Darden has taken charge Philadelphia, Pa., have our sincer- of the school at Swepsonville, est sympathies in the death of N. C. their little child which occured

Robert Waggoner is conductor last month. line in on the electric car Win- Cora E. White of Belvidere, is ston, N. C. trying the practical side of life Notre Johnson of the Freshman this term. We are glad to know that class of '90, is at the Normal and she intends joining the class Industrial School this year. of '93 after the holidays.

Miss Julia White, who for five is at J. Clark Wilson teaching years past has been Providence, Randolph Co. His our much loved governess, entered her new school opened with thirty pupils. field of labor on Oct. 5, as a stu- miss Mamie Arnold from We dent, at Bryn Mawr College. our ranks this term. Sheisteach- We are sorry to learn of the ing now at Cameron, near her death of Anna Hendricks, home. which sad event took place Sept. 25th, Mrs. Pearl Mendenhall Walker, 1892. Her family have our deep- accompanied by her husband, is est sympathy. visiting at her old home in Greens- Zella McCulloch was one of the boro, N. C. fortunate competitors for the A. W. Blair of '90, 92, of Haver- scholarship from Alamance Co., ford College, is now employed as to the State Normal School and first assistant in the Friends' will spend this year at that insti- School at Jenkintovvn, Pa. tution. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 5i

Our new governess, Miss Louise R. Rains. Dr. Rains had been

Osborne of Indiana, is a most ex- sick for some time with paralysis cellent lady and teacher, and she and died . the 14th of last April. is cordially welcomed at the Col- Lucy still lives at her home in lege by both teachers and stu- Wentworth, N. C. May our dents. Heavenly Father comfort her in this hour of greatest sorrow. At the last State Convention of Peele, of '91, has been the W. C. T. U., held in Greens- Joe. who boro, Ida Vail of Charlotte, N. C, actively engaged in Christian was elected Superintendent of the work in some of the northern State Y. W. C. T. U., which posi- states for the past year, is now tion was formerly held by Anna pastor of the Friends' church in Aston, of Asheville, N. C. Salem, Ohio. At school he proved himself to be an original Dr. David Jones, who attended

thinker and thrilling orator ; com- the N. G. B. S. during the years bining with these rare gifts so of '84-9, is pleasantly situated on many Christian graces and an his farm near Richland, Va., hav- earnest zeal in the service of the ing retired from general practice Master, he cannot but succeed. on account of failing health. He We wish for him many souls for is still an active Christian worker. his hire. Sam. Long stopped for a short We are sorry that Will Ken- visit at the College last week on nedy has again been compelled his way to Baltimore, Md., whither to leave school on account of ill- he goes to take a three years' ness. course in electricity. We expect Anna Tom Jones has accepted to hear more of him afterwhile. a position as principal of the He is an independent thinker. Kindergarten department in the Emma Blair and Ella Smith, graded school of Bennettsville, S. both students of N. G. B. S., were C. She likes her work very much the successful cadidates in Guil- and is delighted with Bennetts- ford Co., for the scholarships to ville and her people. the Normal and Industrial School Alice Hare, a student here in at Greeiisboro, N. C. the old N. G. B. S. days makes Lucy Rains, whom we knew her home with her sister in Spring- as Lucy Hancock, has lately been field, O. She is now visiting called upon by our Divine Master friends in Virginia, and contem- to sustain an irreparable loss in plates making a visit to Guilford the death of her husband, Dr. J. Collegfe soon. 52 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

LiOGALS. We hope all students will pat- ronize those who advertise in the

Now is the time to learn one COLLEGIAN. They deserve our another's politics. patronage and none others can

expect it The families of Wm. Hollowell and Cyrus Winslovv have recently T. Gilbert Pearson, one of our Prep's, has recently received the moved to Goldsboro. first prize offered by the Oologist an inter- Prof. F. S. Blair gave to the one who contributed the esting talk to the boys some best article for that magazine. nights ago. McAdoo came into his room The lecture on Oct. 8th was one day and exclaimed that some given by Prof. Perisho. Subject: one had stolen something from Building; a Character. his room for they had broken the " ransom " over his door. The "thirdyearpreps 'are about I to organize. Our sympathy goes Columbian day (October 2ist) with them in all their efforts. will be observed as a holiday at the College. Exercises will be Archdale Hall was never in a held in the morning at King Hall. more perfect condition than at At night the Y. W. C. T. U. will present. Much credit is due the give an entertainment. management. Our contributors columns are The "foot ball season is again full of interesting matter this upon us, and now is the time to month. We think our readers organize a club. There is plenty will appreciate this fact by care- of material. fully reading every article. The largest crop of corn ever The Collegian is meeting produced upon the college farm is with much encouragement this now packed in the silo for winter year, and we hope, before the use. holidays, to be able to present a

No doubt our "Scientist" has paper so improved that it will concluded that swinging from a hardly recognize itself. horizontal bar is not the most The subject of attention is quite graceful thing that can be done. as important in the recitation room There are two pianos in the as in the text book on Mental music room now and Mrs. Doak Science, but quite a small boy who has quite a large number of stu- frequently visits the class room dents who take lessons under her. generally succeeds better than the THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 53 teacher in attracting the atten- bucket of water upon his own tion of the class. head by opening the day room

door) I think not. The Analytic Geometry class — " have the idea that " Infinity It appears from the words of must be a very crowded place. one of their representatives that

Archdale boys to Prof. Perisho: the girls in Founders' Hall are "Convey our compliments to an exceptionally good set. We Henry Cude and tell him we ask have not yet heard, the decision at his hands the engine and wood- of the governess. saw in Locust Grove" Quite a number of students are The young ladies' tennis court taking the Commercial course, has recently been greatly im- and under the present supervision proved. It would be a still greater and management it certainly will improvement if several new ones not be long before this department were made. of the College will have established a good reputation through- Addison Coffin and J. Van. out the State. Lindley have returned from their trip in Europe and the readers of On the evening of the 3d inst., The Collegian will hear some- a surprise party was given at the thing from them concerning their residence of President Hobbs in journey and the things which they honor of Miss Gertrude Menden- saw. hall, before her departure from the College. The occasion was a The recent visitors at the Col- most enjoyable one to all who lege were H. H. Woody, Robert attended. Hodgin, Nat. Coltrane, Sam Long, Clark Mendenhall, Mrs. One of our alumni, upon being Mendenhall, of Lexington asked for a " contribution " for The and David Sampson. COLLEGIAN, replied by sending We are glad to note that quite a $1.00 to pay his subscription. number of the new students take While all contributions of this na- an active interest in the debating ture are acceptable, our friend societies, and by present indica- doubtless knows by this time that tions they will make good speak- it was a "literary contribution" ers before the close of the year. that was wanted.

Boy (ignorant of circumstances) The base ball items that gener- — Is there any water in the day ally occur in the local columns

room Beall ? are missing this Fall. We have Beall (who had just emptied a the material out of which a good h THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. team could be made but still the strength in politics, in war, in ball ground remains unused. In trade— in short, in all manage- fact it seems that but little interment of human affairs."

est is taken in the national game Mr. J. H. Southgate, the fore- anywhere in the state. What is most Prohibition orator in the the reason ? state and a prominent business The new bell has arrived and man of Durham, gave an excel- is now occupying the position of lent speech in King Hall on the its "venerable and honored pre- evening of Oct. 7th. Mr. South- decessor." Its tones are much gate won the admiration of all clearer than those of the old bell who heard him, irrespective of and can be heard a greater distance party, because of his earnestness and oratory. We were glad to The constant additions to the have him with us because he is a cabinet have caused the speci- typical North Carolinian, full of mens to become so crowded- that patriotism and ever watchful of a new case will soon be construct- the interests of the people. ed so that they may be placed in better order. The National holiday on Octo- ber 2 1st was fitly observed by the The annual entertainment of students of Guilford. At nine the Websterian Literary Society o'clock in the morning some very has been postponed from October interesting exercises, showing the 29th to November 5th, to avoid scientific and geographical knowl- conflicting with the Y. M. C. A. edge at that time, and also the Convention to be held at Reids- difficulties which Columbus had ville on the former date. to contend with. Two scenes

To Professor Davis is due the were represented; first, the dis- thanks of every student for his cussion of the Spanish court con- timely remarks in collection some cerning the plans of Columbus, mornings ago. He always says and second, his appearing before something that puts one to think- Ferdinand and Isabella. All these ing. The subject of "concentra- were made more patriotic by the tion" should be talked of more singing of " America. The exer-

it is. than As Emerson says : cises closed with a hymn, after

"Concentration is the secret of which the regular holidav besran. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 55

GXGHANGES. passed in their college work. If we in America would keep up with the educational spirit of the From "The Academy" we learn age, should we not make our in- that Salem (N. C.) Female Acad- stitutions of learning co-educa- emy has opened this year with a tional ? prospect unusually bright and promising. This time -honored In the September number of institution continues to flourish. "The Reveille" we were gratified We wish for it a future even more to find an address by Hon. H. W. useful than the past. Lightfoot. The speech exhibits "An Uncrowned King" forms a true type of southern manhood, the title of an able and interest- which knows no such word as ing address published" in the last failure, and which has for the past "Earlhamite." It presents in a twenty-five years been retrieving lively and impressive manner the the fallen fortunes of the South. past sovereigns of the earth as Among other things he reminds us that the energy of the Southern i contrasted with those less honor- man has not made a "New South," i ed characters that have played their part in the history of the but has only rebuilded the old, world — persons whose noble with such modifications as the thoughts and deeds, and not a abolition of slavery necessitated, mere earthly crown, have desig- so that it is now the duty of the nated as true kings. The produc- Southern youth to carry the work tion reflects credit on the author to grander heights. and on the institution of his.choice In the September issue of "The as well. Popular Science Monthly" appears A few weeks ago there appear- an article headed "Change in ed in the Journal of Education an Chemical and Geographical article on the higher education of Words." The subject treats main- i women in Italy, German}' and ly on simplifying the spelling of England, showing the great pro- words used in those two branches; gress that has been made in those but in conclusion the writer ex- countries in the higher culture of presses the opinion that a general woman. We learn from this that simplification of English spelling in 1876 the Universities of Oxford will be an event of the near fu- and Cambridge opened their doors ture. He strengthens his state- to women, who, since their ad- ment by asserting further that the mission, have led in all examina- philologists as a rule desire the tions for degrees and have sur- change, and that no linguistic 56 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

in the scholar of any importance opposes before us in its true light September issue of the " Eclectic" it. May such a hope soon be the subject. realized. We eagerly await the in a short sketch on day when the present cumbrous We are there taught that the consists system of spelling shall be abol- proper study of history number ished and words can stand in their not merely in crowding a into the mind or obtain- true light, without the addition of of dates of events. The needless letters which tend only ing a knowledge not by any means be to confuse and require a vast subject need instance: in stu- amount of labor. a dry one. For dying the history of an ancient In the September number of nation, we want to get into the "The Educational Review" there very life of its people as far as is published a very forcible dis- possible. It is people that we cussion from W. B. Shaw, on the need to study, and only by study- subject of Compulsory Education. ing them closely in their manners He says that ignorance is' a dan- and habits can we learn them ger to the state, and he shows that thoroughiy and see their proper among our foreign population and relations to the world at large. chiefly in our larger cities and towns the want of education ex- Y. M. C. A. ists to an alarming degree. The children employment of so many The College Y. M. C. A. has is fostering as laborers, he claims, a sphere peculiar to itself. It dif- illiterate ele- in our country an fers widely from the city associa- only ment which can be avoided tions in several respects. Instead by means of a carefully guarded of joining into one work the young education. system of compulsory men of a community or town, it has been tried, Where this system is composed of young men rep- even imperfectly, it has proved resenting various sections of the quite successful. We must edu- State and even different States of foreign pa- cate the children of the Union. Its ranks are contin- state must take an rents ; the ually being broken, only to be in so interest in the matter, and filled again with fresh material, doing look well to her own safety. four years at best being the long- Such a mass of illiteracy thrown est that any two members can upon the country will result, if remain together in the field. In- not in danger to the state, at least stead of having the home influen- in retarding her material progress. ces on the members to help spiritual life of the The study of history is brought sustain the THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 57 institution, its members are corn-he is really good for something, pletely removed from any re- and with the purest motive lethim power that loving labor with full confidence in the straining j

parents may hold over the boys ; cause. hence the duty is all the greater DIRECTORY. in this respect. Moreover, the responsibility seems heavier when JOHN BRIGHT LITERARY SOCIETY. Asso- we reflect that the College President— C. F. Tomlinson. ciation has under its care and Vice-President— H. B. Worth. Secretary—Emma E. Stanley. Christian training those who are Treasurer— Sallie K. Stevens. a providing themselves with such Librarian — E. J. Woodward. store of knowledge as will enable Marshal— E. E. Gillespie. them to become either mighty WEBSTERIAN LITERARY SOCIETY.

workers for the truth or instru- President— 1L. E. Gillespie. Vice-President J. E. Marsh. ments of untold evil. — Secretary — Raymond Allen. It is here, where the student is Asst. Secretary— W. H. Mendenhall. Treasurer-- T. Matthews. preparing himself for some field J. Librarian — E. C. Blair. in after life, that such a Christian Marshal— W. T. Woodley. organization should come in to HENRY CLAY LITERARY SOCIETY. help that individual realize the President— H. W. Reynolds. true object of life and impress Vice-President — D. W. Coletrane. him with the vast importance of Secretary — J. O. Ragsdale. Asst. Secretary —J. E. Blair. living a life in accordance with Treasurer— C. F. Tomlinson. the teachings of God's word. The Libtariau —V. L. Brown. Marshal— P. Parker. brilliant talents which we see dis- J. played in those nobie youths PHILAGOREAN LITERARY SOCIETY. must be directed into the right President —Mary H. Arnold. Vice-President- Mollie B. Roberts. channel. Secretary — Ruth C. Blair. On whom, then, does this work Treasurer—Emma Stanley. Librarian — Bes-sie M. Meader. devolve ? Surely on no one per- Marshal— Bessie M. Meader. son, but rather on the Association Y. M. C A. as composed of many members. President— Y . W. Gtabbs. The work is strictly a work of Vice-President— J. P. Parker. Recording Sec E. C. Blair. young men in behalf of young — Corresponding Sec — E. O. Reynolds. men, of students among their fel- Treasurer— H. B. Worth. low students —all, as it were, on Y. w. c. T. u. the same level. But how shall we President— Bessie M. Meader. work ? We answer: With all our Vice-Presidetit— Isabella Woodley. Recording Sec— Mary Arnold. might and with a definite purpose Treastcrer— Alice Massey. in view. Let each one feel that Corresponding Sec — Eula Dixon. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

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The True Soldier. Poem Page 59 Spelling—Vol 2, No. 6. J. Franklin Davis, A. M 60 The Consumption of Wealth. Chas. F. Tornlinson 63 How the Bihle is Regarded by Great Men 66

Editorials ,, 67 Personal 70 Locals 72 Exchanges 76 Y. M. C. A 78 Directory 80

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Vol. V. NOVEMBER, 1892. No. 3.

THE TRUE SOLDIER.

He stands a target to the men

Arranged around to take his life. As brave and beautiful as when

With boyhood's spirit he was rife.

His countenance is full of trust, He fears no warrior in the land.

His Captain is both good and just And he obeys his least command.

He holds man's life a gift divine, And no one should usurp the power,

To say, "just here I'll draw the line, And you shall die this very hour."

He will not shoot his fellow man, Tho' placed in battle's foremost line, To kill was not the Savior's plan,

And if I'm Christ-like 'tis not mine.

'Tis time that we had ceased to fight, Had ceased to shed our brother's blood, But rather let us all unite In living for each other's good.

The nineteenth century closing in Has made full many a great advance, But who can tell what might have been, Had all those strong- men had a chance, 6o THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Whose strength was wasted on the field, Whose life was cut off in the flower, What would have been the priceless yield If they had but reversed their power?

In the years that are yet to come May cruel strife and warfare cease, And as with loved ones in one home, May all the nations be at peace.

SPELLING—VOL. 2. NO. 6.

BY J. FRANKLIN DAVIS, A. M.

SPELLING is the title of a mag- ciation, and many cranks in this azine devoted to the simplification reform as in every other ar zel- of English orthografy. It is ously at work with the best of

issued quarterly by the Library motivs in its behalf, their work is

Bureau of Boston, and is the offi- not all approved, nor has it all cial organ of the Spelling Reform been wise. Hvven an ardent ad- Association. There has been and vocate of spelling reform invents still is quite a number of publica- a new alfabet by hwich our lan- tions issued in the interest of spel- guage may be ideally represented ling reform, hwich hav not had the according to the principl, one sign sanction of the Association, and for a sound and one sound for a hav had no connection with it sign, he forthwith sets about pub- further than possibly that their lishing a paper in this alfabet. editors and proprietors may hav Thus we hav had many exam- been members of it; for the As ples of fonetic representation of sociation is willing to receive into our speech, but they hav all been j its membership all who favor a too far removed from the ordinary j simplification of our spelling to representation to giv any ground any degree and thru any means, for hope that any of them could but its official action has authori- cum into immediate use as a prac- zed amendments only of a very tical reform. conservativ kind, and only on sci- That a fonetic spelling ought to entific and historical grounds; so be our ideal and aim there can be that hwile there may be cranks no dout; but the Spelling Re- j among the members of the Asso- 'form Association having within THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. its ranks much wise counsel, has those who hav not givn the sub- never proposed anything but a ject special attention, one of the practical and reasonabl reform. most forcibl arguments in favor To represent the reform accord- of the existing spelling. But ing to the principles of the Asso- hwen put to the test it has no ciations— hvvich havthe support of more force than the rest and utter- the filoiogical societies both in ly fails. But suppose it had force,

America and England— is the ob- as in case of words like rite, write, ject of SPELLING; also to keep right and wright, hwere a fonetic before the public the necessity of spelling would obliterate the writn a reform, to set forth the practical distinction, it must hav equal force steps by hwich the reform must against the many more existing proceed, and by persistent and cases, as in ring, a circle, and consistent use of improved spel- ring sound ; wm// common, mean ling to familiarize its readers with medium, mean intend; leave quit, a reformed orthografy. Another leave permission, and leave to put object hwich it servs is to keep forth leaves; hwere the writn dis- its readers posted on the progress tinction has alredy been oblitera- of reform, to giv reports of meet- ted, or has never existed in mod- ings of the Association, of Con- ern English. Now if it is true gressional and State enactments that we should lose something in in behalf of the cause, as wel as the case of the former examples, notices of current literature on it is equally true that we should the subject. gain in the same proportion by

Not unfrequently also it con- diversifying the spelling in the tains articls of a lerned charac- latter examples. But as no one ter by specialists on subjects con- ever experienced any inconveni- nected with the history of our ence in words of the latter class, language. Of this character in so has no one in reference to words the present issue ar " The Study of of the former class hwen spokn, Fonetics" and "Words Speld or and this only is real language.

Pronounced Alike!' The latter is For no word spokn or writn, a powerful refutation of one form fonetic or unfonetic, has a definit of the etymological objection to meaning in itself, or taken alone. the reform, hvvich asserts that a It is only in context a word has fonetic spelling, by leveling under meaning, and the meaning is de- one form all words pronounced termined by the context. The alike but now speld differently, word right is in itself not clear, would lead to serious confusion. but becomes so as soon as we put

This is one of the first, and to it in context, and we speak of a THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

right angle, or right conduct, or Altho this is not a measure to

the right direction, or the rights which the Association is officially of men, of turning to the right, committed, Secretary Dewey went with instant intelligibility. to Washington, and on June 1st The writer quotes Prof. Whit- secured a meeting of the House ney and Max Miiller to a con- Committee, who gave the hole

siderable extent, but I can take morning to the subject and show-

space here for only one sentence. ed an appreciation of it, and such Speaking of the alleged advan- objections as wer raised to the tage of spelling words differently measure wer satisfactorily anserd. hwich are pronounced alike, Prof. Other articls hwich wil be ea- Whitney says: "Nor do we gain a gerly red by those who wish to straw's weight of advantage in the keep posted on the progress of occasional distinction to the eye this most needed reform of the of words hwich ar of different sig- age, ar "The Century Dictionary nification, tho pronounced alike; in favor of Amended Spelling ," our language is not so Chinese in hwich I hope the editors of the its character as to require aid of Collegian wil print in full in this sort; our writing needs not their next issue; "The Pleasures to gard against ambiquities hwich of Life and Spelling" being a are never felt in the spokn speech; quotation with some comments we should no more miss the grafic from Sir John Lubbock's book, distinction of meet, meat And mete, "The Pleasures of Life," in hwich of right, write and rite, than we he enters a protest against "the do now that of the two cleave 's and interminabl intricacies of spell- page 's, the three or four pound's ing"; "Amended Spelling in Col- and sound's, or the other groups lege and Academy Journals" be- of homonymns of the same class." ing mention of a circular prepared Another interesting contribu- by Prof. March, Pres't of S. R. A., tion to this number is "Spelling to be sent to editors of College Reform before Congress" Hon. A. and Academy papers, urging them

C. Durborow, of Chicago, 111., has to use in their publications the a bill before Congress for hwich amended spellings recommended many spelling reformers and influ- by the Philological Associations, ential printers hav been laboring, and printed in the Appendix to some in the way of securing sig- the Century Dictionary. natures to petitions for its pas- Articles of less note ar a report sage and others in laying the na- of the annual meeting of the S. ture of the measure before the R. A., held at the University of House Committee on Education. Virginia, in July last; notices of THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 63 various journals hwich hav regu- cided not to print or circulate any | larly or occasionally adopted the more catalog?/^. May Guilford simplified spelling. Among the College, hwich has practically de- notes we find that the Faculty of cided to hav no more program zwjf lowa College, atGrinnell, has de- follow exampl also with catalog.

THE CONSUMPTION OF WEALTH.

When Adam and Eve were I properly belong to the mathema-

placed in the garden of Eden — if I tician or the physiologist; but if

we can gather a correct idea from ' the political economist is what he

tradition —one of their first irn- ' claims to be, it certainly belongs

pulses seems to have been to con- to him, and hence it is really a

sume. At any rate they did con- ' question of political economy, sume, and consumption has been The statement has been made going on steadily even from that that "the wealth of the next gen-

time until this, and the probabili- . eration depends upon the use made

ties are that it will never cease so ; of the wealth of this." Who the

long as man is possessed of the i author of this assertion was we do

same desires and inclinations \ not know, but we shall endeavor

to be one of the finishers of it by which Adam and Eve possessed, j

as it was a sin for offering a few arguments to sub- Just Adam j

and Eve to consume some of the ! stantiate the proposition. There

things they #Y<^ ..consume in their is an old maxim which says:

day, so it is a sin for the people of j "Judge the future by the past." the present day to consume some No truer is that maxim than that

of the things they do consume. ' the use made of the wealth of

But taken from an economical ' this generation exerts its influ-

standpoint, consumption is not ! ence upon the succeeding gener- exactly a sin, whatever may be ation.

the thing consumed, but "it is the In the very outset, we can say

use made of wealth"—simply this \ with absolute certainty that if this and nothing more. generation leaves no wealth for

The problem of consumption is the next, it will have none to be- not one for the Psychologist to gin on, and if this were to be lit- deal with—nor the philosopher, erally true, the next generation nor the logician. It would more would begin the production of 64 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. wealth in the state of barbarism. mies. It costs Russia each year Then on the assumption that $ 1 17,000,000 to provide food and every man is his brother's keeper, shelter for her 800,000 soldiers, and that every man has some in- who are idly waiting for the time terest in those who are to live af- to come when they can engage in ter him, and that humanity loves bloody warfare. The great Ger- humanity for humanity's sake, how man Empire, with her 420,000 can this generation use its wealth soldiers, spends $90,000,000 an- so as to be of the greatest benefit nually to sustain them, and when to the generation which is to fol- we count the millions of dollars low? Should people living now of wealth that is used in this man- exert and expend their energies ner year after year and for which and labor, and then lay aside their there is never any return, the fig- rewards for another generation to ures are appalling. use? This would be unjust. But If even one nation would give wealth can be consumed in such up its annual war appropriation, ways as will be of untold benefit to be used in showing the others to the succeeding generation. what folly they are engaged in,

If we drink our wealth up it and in stamping indelibly upon will be destroyed, but if we put their government records the the money that is expended for Christian teachings which so drink at the present day, into a strongly oppose their actions, the more enduring enterprise, such as succeeding generation would not educating the masses, the prin- only be indebted to the present cipal will never be exhausted, but for an untold amount of wealth, will increase with compound in- but also for establishing firmly terest. one great principle, lasting and

Education, it is true, is not ma- enduring. Thus it should be one terial wealth, but it is a basis of of the highest aims and a moral wealth, and the individual who obligation of every man to con- possesses the best education is sume his wealth in a manner that the better prepared to produce is honorable and beneficial to hu-

Avealth and increase it. Hence manity. one answer to the question asked Some one has wisely said that is —deny your appetite for the sake "the habits of this generation de- of a future generation. termine the capital and labor of At the present time a great deal the next." The person who said of the wealth of every nation is this was evidently on the right expended in preparations for war, track. No one will attempt to or rather to sustain standing ar- deny that the bad habits of some THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 65 of our greatest men of by-gone can still be used in a manner days have influenced men of the more useful than in its original present day and have caused them state. to be stained with the curses of Another kind of consumption is debauchery and crime. Clay was that which ends in destruction, a great man, yet he drank. Web- and under this class we have as ster was a great man, yet he was examples the consumption of immoral. Probably because of liquors of all kinds, tobacco, the influences of these men and opium, etc. others of their rank, we have no- The third kind of consumption ted public men to-day by the is that which ends in neither pro- score, who drink, gamble and en- duction or destruction. gage in various immoralities. It is the happy medium between Thus it has been with the labor- the two previously mentioned and ing men and men of all classes, is very often taken advantage of and thus it will continue to be unfor the sake of compromise. Ex- til a mightyrevolution takes place. amples of this class are the ex- The man who is honest, industri- penditure of wealth for ornamen- ous and temperate, exhibits in tal jewelry, dumb watches, sta- himself a higher ideal of life for tuary, paintings, Bunker Hill a succeeding generation to imi- monuments, books that are never tate. He is honored and respect- read, and flying machines. There ed, helps to produce more wea'ith, are many questions bearing on helps to raise the standard of la- economic consumption which can- bor, and thus he helps in some not be passed over unnoticed. measure to determine the capital Every individual, first of all things, and labor of the generation to strives for subsistence. It is nat- follow. ural and right that such should There are three kinds of con- be the case, but many persons, sumption —or rather consumption through ignorance of the laws of ends in three different ways—and God and of nature, in seeking to every individual who possesses better themselves in the consump- any wealth at all, has the privi- tion of their wealth, really injure lege of choosing the way in which themselves. Probably it will not he shall consume it. There is be amiss to touch upon the ques- one kind of consumption which tion of "eating" as it is one in ends in production. An example which economy is deeply con- of this is iron ore, which when cerned. America is full of dys- thrown into the furnace is con- peptics to-day and as a result of sumed but not destroyed for it this there does not exist as great — — ————— —

66 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. an amount of wealth in the coun- things to work out together for try as there would if such were good. not the case, for a sound body as Chas. F. Tomlinson. well as a cultured intellect is a basis of the production of wealth. Then the ideal citizen should HOW THE BIBLE IS REGARDED BY eat moderately, drink moderately GREAT MEN. and in fact live moderately, and The Bible is tie best book in as a result he will not only be the world. John Adams. of greater service to his own gen- There is a book worth all other eration but also the succeeding books which were ever printed. generation. Patrick Henry. Gladstone, Holmes and Bismark, with scores of other prominent It is a belief in the Bible which men, attribute their remarkable has served me as the guide of my longevity to moderate living, and moral and literary life. Gaelic. suc- these are good examples for To give a man a full knowledge generations to imitate. ceeding of true morality, I should need to Every man in thinking over send him to no other book than this question of consumption the New Testament. Jolin Locke. could doubtless draw from the There never was found in any study of it many economic prin- age of the world either religion or ciples. law that did so highly exalt the Some one has already been so public good as the Bible Lord impressed with the subject as to Bacon. draw out the principle — "use a I believe in God and adore Him. thing with the idea of getting all I have a firm belief in the history out of it there is in it." In addi- contained in the Old and New tion to this might be added Testaments and in the regenera- never expend wealth for objects tion of the human race by the that will serve for no good pur- sacrifice of Christ. Gaizot. pose. Never use more of a thing Jesus than is necessary—too much of a So great is my veneration for good thing is worse than none at the Bible that the earlier my chil- all. And finally, keep as even- dren begin to read it, the more ly balanced as possible; move, confident will be my hopes that along with the least possible fric- they will prove useful citizens to tion, for these things will of them- their country and respectable selves engender a spirit of econo- members of society. JoJin Quiricy my and will help to cause all Adams. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 67

fied in thoughtlessness, the afore- The Suilford Collegian. named style receives no commen- PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE dation from us. It would no doubt LITERARY SOCIETIES be better if half the remarks con- Of Guilford College. cerning people and their works were never spoken. Public opin- EDITORS: C. F. Tomlinson, '93. ion now has too great favor E. E. Gillespie, '93. Eula L. Dixon, '94. among individuals, and as public

ASSOCIATE EDITORS: opinion is merely the expression Amy J. Stevens, '95 Personals. Jas. P. Parker, '93 Locals. of people in general as to a certain F. W. Grabbs, '94 Exchange. person or thing, it seems that for BUSINESS MANAGERS: E. S. White, '93 this reason the utmost care should H. B. Worth, '94. Mary H. Arnold, '94. be given to the expressions which

form it. Address all business communications to Business Managers of Guilford Collegian, Much might be said concerning Guilford College, N. C. criticism in respect to student life, but almost every student knows Subscription price : One year $1.00 Club rates: Six copies 5.00 it by experience. There are many Single copies 10 criticisms offered daily that are

The Collegian is entered a( Guilford College Post entirely uncalled for—remarks Office as second class matter. that do not cause even an effort of the mind in preparation sar- November, 1892. — castic speeches that fall like a OEITIOISM. burning brand upon the feelings of the one for whom they were in- Everybody knows that criticism tended. Remarks like these,

is either an aid or a detriment to where a student shows a great progress —depending on its char- amount of energy: "He overdoes

acter; and that too much of it, fa- the matter." When a diligent but

vorable or unfavorable, is a hin- unpopular pupil makes good reci-

drance to the success of any one, tations : "She thinks she knows

for if it be of the first it dwarfs the everything," or at a failure : "If

attempts and likewise of the sec- I couldn't do any better I would ond. But of the first we shall never try any more." And scores

say little, for the present genera- of others that cut to the very quick

tion does not so readily fall into whether they be meaningly or that extreme. Much of the criti- otherwise sent.

cism that is rendered is entirely If nothing favorable can be unneedful and often thoughtless- said the unfavorable should cer-

ly given, still as none are justi- tainly not be spoken except in 63 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. the kindest manner possible to- whose lives as yet have no perma- ward helping the* erring one to nent channel, and should these overcome the weakness. There beginners cherish thoughts of is just enough of light and suffi- journalism or other literary work,

cient shadows to make this earth it might be that one of these idle a happy pilgrimage way, to in- criticisms from an influential spire mortal youth with "energies source would be the very straw immortal," and, rather than put that would change their youthful forward the black leaves of fail- course into a lower channel. And ure or leave unnourished the ten- in consideration of these things | der germ of hope, or kill in infan- we would say to all idle critics cy the desires a-nd strivings after and needless criticisms, azvay, and higher and holier attainments, let men and women judge who

though it may be very difficult, make to themselves the applica-

yetj it is best to smother within tion of the Golden Rule. the breast whatever may rise that E. L. D. is not the outcome of love to fellow mortals. A QUESTION TOE OUR COLLEGES. A word, we think, to our exchanges would not be entirely out The American college exerts of place. We think it would be a greater influence upon the va- well if the editors of this depart- rious institutions of our country ment, before giving vent to their than we are accustomed to at- feelings with words two-edged, tribute to her. Her graduates are would call the fact to mind that the potent factors in almost every

the contributors to the journals reform or revolution and fill the are living, human beings, who highest positions of both church have feelings that may be wound- and State. They are our leaders ed. After consideration of this, in thought, and the principles and surely, they would not act so views advocated by them through much as if they, too, had the idea the press, shape and control, to a of the old farmer, who, repre- large degree, the action of the sented by Will Carleton as ad- masses. dressing an editor, said: The time which a young man

'I used for to wonder at readin,' spends at college is that period of And where it was got up and how, his life in which he is most sus- But 'tis most of it made by machinery ; I can see it plain enough now." ceptible of impressions, hence the And furthermore the contribu- principles inculcated and traits tors to college journals are gen- of character developed while there erally young people — students portray the future man. In view THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 69

of these facts should not the En- far better, and more definite work glish Bible, to which 'we owe our would be accomplished, if our Bible courses were condensed. civilization and all elevating in- If we cannot have the Bible fluences, have a prominent place taught as a regular study during in our college curriculums ? the whole year, then require it for It is gratifying to note that the one term, give it a co-ordinate po- study of the scriptures is made sition with other recitations in regard to time and attention. compulsory in some of our in- We sometimes spend a whole year in stitutions, but there are others I studying the Bible in this scatter-

J that do not recognize its impor- | ing way, and at the close, have

tance and simply ignore it as a ! only a superficial knowledge of

part of the prescribed course. I the subject considered. are not surprised at this, Hut we fear that in some instances We

I for if we should study any other where it is taught the result is not branch of knowledge in like man- as satisfactory as it should and ner the result would be similar. would be if the study were prop- Again, to accomplish the most in j erly conducted. Therefore we mathematics, natural science or

beg leave to express a few rea- I any line of study, we deem it es- sons why Bible study in colleges sential to secure the services of a is not as successful as it might be. specialist.

First, it is too often looked upon Is Bible study an exception ? by scholars and faculty as secon- To be sure it is not, and we think dary work and treated as such. that every christian school should

The student knows that less stress I have a specialist to take charge of

is put upon it than other studies ' its Bible study—a man thorough-

and consequently does not devote 1 ly consecrated to the Lord and the care, attention and time to the gifted in imparting the truth. preparation of his scripture reci- We do not mean to cast any

tation which he does to a lesson ! reflection on the ability of college in language or mathematics. professors to teach the Bible, but To remedy this the importance it is well known that their other j of the scripture recitation should school duties consume the most

be emphasized, examinations re- ! of their time and they have few quired, and the result considered or no opportunities for that spec- in determining the pupil's average ial preparation which so impor- grade. tant a subject demands. Again, as a rule when Bible We want to see those colleges study is made compulsory and ex- which do not teach the Bible come aminations held, only one hour to the front in this work, and each is devoted to it. week The I those that do making improve-

interval between recitations is so I ments in their manner of teaching, it is difficult great that to main- ! that this work may keep abreast tain the interest which would with the other branches of study ! exist if the lessons were more in this progressive age. j frequent. We think it would be E. E. G. •7° THE GUILFORD COLLEGAIN.

I2?EI^S0NAL<. J. R. Kennedy, a fofmer member of The Collegian staff, is ~N Bertha White is teaching at clerking at the St. James Hotel, Hope Academy, Mumsfords, N. C. Goldsboro, N. C.

'John Cannon is clerking in a Lucy Dees has deserted her dry-goods store in Charlotte. Sophomore friends at G. C. this year and is now at the State Nor- Joseph Hare is at home this mal and Industrial School. year attending to his peanut farm. v "Josh Billings," more properly Addison Hodgin has charge of William McCulloch, is now en- the school at Morrisville, N. C. gaged in teaching the young idea "^ R. A. Brown is engaged in how to shoot atSaxapahaw, N. C. school work at Tabernacle, N. C. The services of Minnie Hollo- Marion Chilton is principal of well have been engaged for the Westfield Academy, Westfield, coming season by Mrs. Wiggs, a N. C. fashionable dress-maker of Golds- Mrs. Thomas Phillips, nee Ellen boro, N. C. Wilson, resides at now Yadkin- >/ Alpheus White, a student of N. ville, N. C. G. B. S. canvassed his county, Charles Brovver has a position Randolph, as a candidate for the in a tobacco warehouse at Mt. House of Representatives on the Airy, N. C. People's Party ticket.

Chatham county has a new The sad death of William Rice voter, Elwood Chappell Perisho occurred in New Orleans Nov. 4,

McBane, called " Parisho " for 1892. His remains were brought short. to his home in Greensboro, N. C, for burial... Annie Parker, a student of N.

G. B. S. is attending the Normal F. S. Blair, a student at this

and Industrial School at Greens- place in '64-'5, is now State Sun- boro. day School Field Visitor' for the

Robert Cronk is now professor International State Sunday School of mathematics in Friends Board- Association of North Carolina, ing School at Union Springs, and has been traveling for the N. Y. past six months in the western part of the State in the interest of Mrs. Julia A. Kirkman, makes Sunday School work. her home in Friendsville, Tenn., N where she is educating her two Alson R. Edgerton, a member sons. of last years Freshman class was THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 7i the elector in the Second Con- Jessie Johnson, of '90, who for gressional District on the Prohi- the past two years was principal bition ticket. " If at first you of the Blue Ridge Mission School don't succeed, try, try again." in Southwestern Va., is now a teacher in the Mission School at L. C. Van Noppen, class of '90, Matamoras, Mexico. Miss John- 92, University of North Carolina, son is greatly interested in mis- is now taking a post graduate sion work. bid her course at Haverford College, We God speed. where he hopes to take the degree of A. M. at the close of the year. Thomas J. Winslow was the non-successful candidate for Reg- Eulah Edgerton, an old G. C. ister of Deeds in Randolph Co. girl, was married on Oct. 12th, to Petty is principal of the Edward Peele, of Pitt County, N. Ed. Wilkesboro High School, C. Rev. Jonathan Edgerton tied North N. the nuptual knot. They have our North Wilkesboro, C. best wishes for a long and joyous E. A. Cole, class of '88, N. G. life. B. S., is a member of the faculty George W. Harmon, a student of the Normal School in Walesca, Georgia. of N. G. B. S. in the war time of '64-'5, has since then doffed his / Mary Ballinger, a graduate of Quaker coat and donned that of a N. G. B. S., class of '88, is teach- Missionary Baptist preacher. He ing in the Graded School in is now pastor of the Baptist Greensboro, N. C. church in Monroe, N. C. Will. Pickard is clerking at We are very sorry that Byron Randleman, N. C. Hauser was compelled to leave Ellen Woody has given up her school in the early part of the work in the senior class to take term because of trouble with his charge of the school at White eyes. He is now clerking in Yad- Plains. Herman Woody having kinville, N. C. hope he will We been compelled to resign the soon be able to resume his studies. position on account of poor health. We regret to lose Ellen from Married, on November 2, 1892, Emmet Kirkpatrick, of Greens- school. boro, N. C, to Miss Fanny Brit- On the 9th of Nov., 1892, Enoch ton of Summerfield, N. C. The L. Stout and Annie Jarrell were Collegian extends congratula- married at the residence of Ad- tions and best wishes to the happy dison Jarrell in Randolph Co., N. couple. C, Isham Cox officiating. /2 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

LiOGALS. The annual entertainment given by the Philagorean Society is post- Foot ball. poned till the first Saturday night in March, 1893. Examinations. Quite a number of new students "Lipsick"—a familiar term. entered school at the middle of mentioned tripeds as A Senior the term — one of whom is a young a division of the animal kingdom, from gyr j a j man

Beall persists in keeping rats in . ; h g with sorrow we chronicle the Latin class. t jie un timely demise of an animal Ask "Kimmins" how to "na- of the quadruped order, which one of the- young ladies brought about tionalize" fractions. \

, . . . . bv means of "capital punishment." A new lot of valuable books, - found a place on A new law that some may not have recently | library. be acquainted with.—A boy can- the shelves of our | ,1 not speakr to a girl in the parlor - Walnuts seem to betaking the; ...... a special privi- , , 1 t without receiving

Archdale , ^place of apples in both 1 lege, , , and Founders . Doubtless some of the boys Ask Moses how old he was on ^ cQme tQ ^ condusion that

the Mental Science class , „ the day dothes ^ lldone up Qn shorter

examined. I was nQtice Qn the foot baU ground annual oratorical contest than at the steam laundry, The | given by the Henry Clay Literary The "black eye" on one of our Society will take place this term delegates to Reidsville conven- instead of next. tion, called forth numerous ques- It is thought that the senior tions upon his return, as to the as class will organize as soon the cause. Finally, however, all have members become better acquaint- become satisfied that the young ed with one another. man did not turn pugilist. President Hobbs has returned Mr . Coulter, the State Secreta- from the conference of Yearly ry of the y M c A gave us a of America, held at In- Meetings s h or t visit recently. And he cer- dianapolis, Ind. tainly did not come. alone, for he The girls are not far from right was enabled to show some the

when they think that McAdoo's I way of life and salvation, and to collars would make good bulletin awaken the Christians to a sense boards. of their duty. — —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 71

Ask the senior boy whose head i that Mr. Troy will soon be well is nearest the ground, in what again. chapter of Revelation to find the Quite a number of our friends quotation "Time and tide wait for have visited the college since last no man." issue. They are as follows: D. Moonlight rides seem to be very A. Kirkpatrick, (who is noted for refreshing and much participated being hard to get around on ac- in of late. The COLLEGIAN wish- count of his size) E. M. Wilson, es to add its customary word of Gertrude Mendenhall, E. E. Far- approval, with the hope that it low, Adger Kirkman and S. A. may be "in it" too before the bot- Hodgin. tom drops out. The annual entertainment of of the Miss Sedberry, a member the Websterian Literary Society class of senior Greensboro Female has taken place. The program

College, spent a few days at the I . was as follows college recently, as the guest of

"one" of the editors. As to which 1. Song.

2. Oration A Political Crisis. F . W. Grabbs. one it was, is rather difficult to de- 3. "She wanted to learn Elocution.'' H. A. White. cide, for all have a strong claim. 4. Discussion. —Question : Resolved, That the South will eventually become the center of Literature. to We hope welcome her again Affirmative— VV. T. Wood'ey. soon. Negative— O. E. Mendenhall. 5. Song. Guilford College sent seven del- 6. Declamation— Emancipation of Thought. W, H. Mendenhall. egates to the District Convention 7. Shadow Pantomime The Ballad of the Oyster- of the Y. M. C. A., which was held man. 8. Oration— Protection of the helpless. E. E. Gil- at Reidsville from the 2

weeks since. While getting out : bly room at King Hall was crowd-

of the buggy his young horse sud- , ed with students, people from the denly started to run, and as he neighborhood, from Greensboro, J was unable to check his counties, horse he \ and even from adjoining

was in some way drawn under the '. and all left with a good opinion wheels of the vehicle. hope of the Web's. We j 74 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

The Woman's Journal made the man, L. T. Bliss, C. D. Bliss, Mc- startlingannouncementsome days Crea, Dyer, Messier, Armstrong, ago that a Woman's Suffrage club Greenway, Butterworth, Graves, had been organized by the young Beard, Willis, Winter, Sanford, ladies of Guilford. We find the Hinkey and Hikok. Ives, O'Neil, report to be true. This is the first Cochrane and Cox, four players club of the kind organized in the who have taken part in several

State and is to be called the games on the 'Varsity eleven "Equal Rights Club." The offi- this fall, were not remembered in cers are President, Annie Petty; the distribution of the mole- Vice Presidentat large, Mrs. Fran- skins. All four of the rejected ces Jenkins; Secretary, Miss Mol- men were powerful athletes. The lie Roberts. The club is open to suits will be about the same as honorary membership. those worn heretofore by the Yale men, and the order left with The old collection room in A. G. Spalding Bros, comprise Founders' Hall was, on election special weight sweaters, blue day, transformed into a voting pole jerseys with white letter precinct, in which the female sex Y on front, sleeveless jackets, blue held undisputed sway without the stockings and Molishin knicker- interference of Federal officers. bockers. The procuring of the And by actual count the first disorder outfit is in- play of woman's suffrage resulted to Yale team deed a victory for the firm of A. as follows: Cleveland 22, Bidwell G. Spalding & Bro. who are 19, Harrison 15, Weaver 2. without doubt the leading college On Tuesday last, Mr. Charles outfitters of the United States. D. White, Manager of A. G. Every house of importance filed Spalding & Bro's retail store at an estimate for this job, and when 241 Broadway, New York City, the order was finally placed with visited New Haven and measured Spalding Bros, there was a great the Yale players who will battle rejoicing in the New York camp this fall for good old Yale. The and Mr. White has been congratu- list of men chosen is important lated on all sides for securing the because it settles the point as to much-coveted honor. who will stand a chance of play- A Few ThinCxS Worthy of ing in the great games that are Notice: to be given. The list of the fortunate candidates includes Mc- Prof. Perisho's ride.

Cormick, captain ; Lilley, Lyman, The visit of an alumnus to the Norton, Adee, Richards, Still- college just at the wrong time. — ——

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 75

"Illumination" in the Analytic al condition of the country had class. been briefly but pointedly spoken

of, quite a variety of household The latest classification of re- articles were exhibited—thus giv- ligion into Catholicism, Heathen- ing an insight into the manners ism and Quakerism. and customs of the Japanese. The premature visit of a Junior The entertainment given by the to Greensboro. Y's on October 21st was quite in- And the girl he left behind. teresting. The following pro-

gram was well given : The visit of a number of "G. F. C." girls to the college on the 5th. Greetings, Mary H Arnold. Song, Julita Silva. Recitation For Me, Emma Stanley. The revival of "foot-ballism." Music, Smith Family. Papet The Woman's Laureate, Eula Dixon. Music, Smith Family. of prayer observ- Symposium Guess Who? The week was Song, Julita Silva. Oration — The Human Hand, Laura Worth. last D. ed by the Y. M. C. A. during Recitation God's Poor, Carrie Batlinger. week. Music, Smith.Family.

Carrie Ballinger and the little The Trustees were in session on Nov. 18th. The attendance Mexican girl aided much in the was smaller than usual. exercises, and the Y's feel very grateful to them for their services. The election of Cleveland and Stevenson caused great rejoicing The Juniors were granted a among the larger part of the boys, holiday on Friday, Nov. 18th, to and we might say, the young la- prepare their orations for Junior dies, too. Guilford's three candi- Exhibition, which occurs on Dec. dates for State Superintendent all 23rd. took their defeat calmly and Excitement is now running gracefully. high over the postmastership, Dr. A Missionary meeting recently Roberson and Lee Smith being held by the Y. M. C. A. and Y. the two most prominent aspirants.

W. C. T. U. was very interesting Jesse Stanley is consoling himself and instructive indeed. The sub- over the thought that it is a good ject was Japan. After the religi- long time before the 4th of March ous, educational and topographic- comes around. .

76 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

GXGHANGES. ing and beneficial. We hope that this department may be more than " simply a mutual congratulation The Monthly Bulletin of the club," and shall endeavor to place University of Michigan (October) before our readers something gives an encouraging account of worth their reading and thought. the religious organizations and the The same person puts forth, in a religious work at that place. short and well selected quotation, Christian workers in colleges may the value of college exchanges, find valuable aid and fitting sug- where he states that they have an gestions in the description. important work in bringing the The September College Mes- different colleges into notice and in one institution acquainted sage, from Greensboro Female making with another, thus establishing a College, comes to us with the well written Salutatory and Vale- friendly relationship, which results in increasing literary effort dictory addresses of last Com- enhancing the college stand- mencement day, together with and ard. other productions of literary merit and spicy matter on different lines The Bates Student gives in a few of thought. words the necessity of political parties in a nation; and in show- The Trinity Archive, Septem- ing how the purposes of those ber number, contains an excellent parties may be subverted it pre- work on the military forces in sents the worth of independents, Europe. It contrasts the warlike who possess the courage to stand state of that continent with the up for right and principle regard- progress that has been made in less of party prejudice. When we science, learning and religion, and vew the present actions of the two brings to light the folly of such leading parties in our country, we action in a country to a great ex- wonder how the government is to tent christianized. It closes with be kept on a firm basis while each an appeal for the money and labor party is working to injure the oth- spent on war to be appropriated er, without respect to the real to benign purposes, and for ques- good of the nation. tions to be decided by arbitration. In treating on a similar subject, We are in hearty sympathy The Davidson Monthly proposes with the exchange editor of The that, to have the right men in of- Swathmore Pluznix, who suggests fice, we elect only persons that some means for making the ex- are true patriots, that will not change department more interest- work for one section merely, but a

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 77 will have the good of all as their ties in the person. In another ar- object. Such men could probably ticle of that number the same be found, but those are the very thought is continued as applied

ones that could not be elected, : to physical culture along with the

is from the simple reason that our j mental. There a strong incli- citizens are not educated up to the nation to educate the mind at the spirit can be of ten- point at which party | expense the body, which

laid aside whenever it conflicts i dency is doing great injury even with honest convictions. What among our best scholars. As influence do our colleges and uni- stated in the article referred to, versities exert in that direction? "What we need is symmetry—

j symmetrical mind, symmetrical are glad to see one or two We body> a symmetrical spirit-each of our college journals protest part needs development and train- against the abominable hazing ing, but always in their true rela- custom. When the students of a tions to each other. college agree among themselves The Western Maryland College to abandon such a vile practice Monthly in its last issue shows the and treat the new-comers as relation whlch labor and education gentlemen—to say no more—that should bear to each other lt - means progress for the institution. I teaclles us that the two should be This is the latter part of the nine- I mutual a gencies instead of oppos- teenth century. Our educational ing. forces. We are shown that centers, where the youth, the fu _ their resent relation is caused ture support of our intellectual P onh/ b^ a misunderstanding be- moral, and religious life, yea, the | tween them for whlIe a certain ; coming strength of the nation, are I class of educated Persons are in- trained, cannot afford to counte- chned to look down u on the nance such proceedings as hazing P plain laboring people, the latter and like practices, which still bear are to much ^posed to enter- the marks of barbarism and the ° Dark Ages. The sooner such tain a Prejudice against education as something beyond their power evils are driven to the place and not worth their attention. whence they came, the better.

I The writer insists that if laboring The Mucmosyncan, of October, men be educated and educated takes us back into the time of the men learn how to labor manually

German reformer and educator, ; if necessary, the distinction will be Frcebel, and shows his plan of swept away and each will realize educating the young child so as the necessity of the other's exist- j

to properly develop all the facul- , ence. 78 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Y. M. C. A. ganizations. The great value of committee work was set forth. The fourth annual convention On Sunday afternoon special of the Y. M. C. A. in Winston services were held for men, ladies (N. C.) district was held at Reids- and boys. The union meeting on ville on the 28th, 29th and 30th Sunday night was of a solemn of October. The delegation was and impressive nature, and the small, but the members showed large audience gave evidence of that they had come for work. A interest in the cause. deep interest and a spirit of unani- The burden of the convention

mity prevailed throughout the fell largely on L. A. Coulter, convention. Every one derived State secretary, and W. R. Gales, good from the presence of the assistant secretary. Both are men others. Various features of the of great earnestness and true work out. their were brought Among qualification for work ; and

the subjects treated were : by their active part in the con- "The Model Worker," "Our vention, as well as by previous Committee System," "How to work, we can see that the spirit

Bring Every Student Face to Face of the Master is with them] in all with Christ," "Our Social Work things. in Towns and Villages, and "The

College Association." SOMETHING OF THE Y. W. 0. T. U. Great stress was laid upon the 0E GUILEOED COLLEGE. importance of Bible Training Classes, in which the Word of The autumn of 1892 brings the

God is studied with the special eighth anniversary of the "Y's" of view of doing personal work in Guilford College, and as an offer- connection with such classes. ing at the shrine of the society Definite, systematic work and con- we love so well, we gladly bring centration of the christian's pray- a short record of the influences ers and labors on one individual for good that have gone out and

were urged. Foreign Mission are still going out from it to build work was brought before the up and bless other places not so delegates as one of vast impor- favored. tance to the Young Men's Chris- During these eight years many tian Association. Corespondence young ladies from the rural dis- among the various associations tricts of North Carolina, and some as to particular lines of work was from other States have been num-

suggested as a means of growth bered as members ; many of them and expansion in the separate or- had never heard before of a Y. W. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 79

C. T. U. —knew not the meaning there whose influence for good of the mystic letters, or the work cannot be estimated, can be traced

of the society. More than one of i back to the little parlor meetings these girls hesitated to join at at Guilford.

first because previous teaching Demorest contests and temper- had been deficient. In the spark- ance entertainments have been ling foam of the ruby wine they held by many a girl who first be- saw no hidden serpent, and the came interested in temperance holiday drinks, and the flavorings work in our "Y" meetings and

that still give a savory odor to there first realized that even a the viands of many a home woman could do something to- held little of evil to them. "The ward the extirpation of the liquor trail of the serpent" was not visi- fiend. ble to their innocence and ignor- But the girls have not received

ance ; but gentle women with all the benefits nor carried forth hearts of love, whose education all the influence for good that has had been broadened and deepen- gone out. Numbers of young ed until they saw the great source men have been added as honorary from whence intemperance gains members, on whose lapel we

its recruits, explained in honest, proudly pinned the white ribbon simple language, the great need of and sent them forth. Nor have total abstinence, the necessity for they failed us; scattered here and workers to stay the floods of in- there over the country they give temperance by voice and pen and forth temperance sentiment of no influence and the serious respon- uncertain sound. This, however,

sibility that rests upon us if we is only one phase of the "Y"

fail to do our duty, and year by work, and the educational should year girls have been gathered in not be overlooked in this article. and made tetotalers, who never The girls who go out from this before had given the question a society have a clear conception

passing thought. These in turn ; of parliamentary rulings ; can have gone to their respective state a question properly and put .homes and the candles of temper- a motion before the house with

ance and total abstinence lighted quiet dignity ; can preside over by the torch of the Guilford "Y's" the meetings or record the pro- have been kept trimmed and burn- ceedings with dispatch and pre- ing and their beams have lighted cision. up many a dark corner of Caro- The society has grown with the

lina —the land we love ! years in numbers and dignity, and Temperance societies here and now claims most of the girls in —

8o THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. school and some from the neigh- DIRECTORY. borhood. We work now by com- JOHN BRIGHT LITERARY SOCIETY. mittees—five in number pledge — President— C. F. Tomlinson. and membership, literature and Vice-President— W. B. Worth. press work, missionary, devotion- Secretary—Emma E. Stanley. Treasurer— Sallie K. Stevens. al and flower mission. All mem- Librarian — E. J. Woodward. bers belong to one of these com- Marshal—E. E. Gillespie. mittees and work in their respec- WEBSTERIAN LITERARY SOCIETY. tive lines. Some of the reports President — E. E. Gillespie. sent in from time to time are Vice-President—]. E. Marsh. cheering indeed. Secretary — Raymond Allen. Asst. Secretary— W. H. MendenhalL The organizer of the Guilford Treasurer-- j. T. Matthews. "Y" "builded better" and reached Librarian — E. C. Blair. Marshal— W. T. Woodley. out further than she knew; 'tis the pioneer— the mother of "Y" work HENRY CLAY LITERARY SOCIETY. in North Carolina. ten off- Now President— C. F. Tomlinson. spring societies are doing faithful Vice-President —J. E. Blair. Secretary — E. S. White. and efficient work, and thus the Asst. Secretary — S. H. Tomlinson. circle keeps widening. Treasurer — D. W. Coletrane. Librarian L. Brown. Be encouraged, O ye toilers! — V. Marshal— H. W. Reynolds. let onward be your watch-word, faithfulness to duty the seal that PHILAGOREAN LITERARY SOCIETY. binds you—for only eternity shall President —Annie F. Petty. reveal the vibrations for right and Vice-President- Annie Webster. Secretary— Mary H. Arnold. justice and purity that have been Treasurer—Emma Stanley. set in motion by the Guilford Librarian — Bessie M. Meader. Marshal Emma Stanley. "Y*s." S. K. S. — Y. M. c. A.

Christianity is the only true and President— F. W. Grabbs. Vice-President J. P. Parker. religion, that in pro- — perfect and Recording Sec — E. C. Blair. portion as mankind adopt its prin- Corresponding Sec — E. O. Reynolds. Treasurer— H. B. Worth. ciples and obey its precepts, they will be wise and happy. And a Y. W. C. T. U. better knowledge of this religion President— Bessie M. Meader. is to be acquired by reading the Vice-President— Isabella Woodley. Recording Sec— Mary Arnold. Bible than in any other way. Treasurer— Alice Massey. Benjamin Rush. Corresponding Sec — Eula Dixon. • :>..n i S i 892. Single Copies, 10 cents.

. ec**-^* ^3t$s : •fe93^«fe

Xa, 4.

-' 'SsGi'; . Guilford CQlleae.

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Our prices are on the " Live and let live plan," and they account, in part, for the popularity of these Stoves. m&m mmm&m ©©.. GREENSBORO, N. C.

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Vol. V. DECEMBER, 1892. No. 4.

THANKSGIVING*

With grateful hearts we join the throng Of those, who through our land to-day

Give thanks to whom all thanks belong And for continued blessings pray.

We thank thee, heavenly Father, kind, For every favor of the year, For strength of body, peace of mind And all the graces which endear.

We thank Thee on this glorious morn

That Thou hast smiled upon our toil,

That Thou hast given fruit and corn

And every product of the soil.

And we are grateful yet again,

That unto us it has been given To glean in Thy fair fields the grain

From sheaves now harvested in heaven.

Great handfuls has our Lord let fall, In bounty such as came to Ruth,

When she among the gleaners all

Lived forth her life of love and truth.

And this is grain which will not yield To any thing that can destroy, Yet vast enough the harvest-field, For every one to find employ.

*Written^for Thanksgiving Day exercises. 82 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Yes, we are glad that we may share The immortality of those, Who now we trust are resting where No discord troubles their repose.

Men say that Whittier is gone,

But Whittier is with us here,

And through the ages will live on, The weary, doubting hearts to cheer.

They say that Tennyson is dead, That England's lost her Laureate ; 'Tis true his form has from us sped

But still in spirit he is great.

From common thoughts our minds they lift

Into a higher, purer air, And teach us that, "we can not drift Beyond our Father's love and care."

Who dare to say that she is gone Irrevocably from her place, Who in our capital has shown, For o'er three years, such wond'rous grace.

Her name is numbered with the dead Her lovely features past from view, But has her gentle spirit fled Entirely from the friends she knew?

Ah no, 'tis helping those to-day Who have not even seen her face,

And who if asked could never say Who helped themto a better place..

And children for whom many tears Were shed upon their dying day,

Because so fair and young in years And yet from earth were. called away, THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 83

Have done the good in their brief space That was appointed them to do, And what more can be done by man Tho' he should live a century through.

The purposes of God are hid,

We can not see beyond the veil,

Upon our eye He's dropped the lid,

And our humanity is frail.

If we through ages could discern The workings of our Father, wise, With tearful eyes we might not turn

So oft to where the body lies.

But oftener would we songs of praise And songs of glad rejoicing sing, All days would be Thanksgiving days Then, unto our Eternal King. L. M. D.

NEANDER.

Picture to yourself a large room In an old fashioned leather on the third floor of an old-fash- chair by the table, sits a man in ioned house in Markgrafen St., deep thought. He is of medium Berlin, dimly lighted by a single height, rather slender, angular in lamp. The walls of the roon\ are contour, brown complexion, firm lined with books, many of them lips, and a sharply curved nose. ponderous tomes, which bear the He has shaggy eye-brows, from unmistakable marks of antiquity. underneath which shine the small Manuscripts and volumes cover deep set black eyes. Masses of the tables, and are scattered about black curly hair cover the broad in various parts of the room in high forehead. He is strongly of students' confusion. The atmos- the Jewish type, and at first sight phere is pervaded with the odor is rather unprepossessing, but one of parchment and book dust. glance from his beaming eyes 84 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. filled with love for all mankind dry up the hearts of some, and causes you to forget his ugly fea- keep them aloof from their fellow tures. men, Neander's heart is full of in- This is Johann Augustus Wil- terest and sympathy. His influ- helm Neander, who is known to ence over the young is unbound- the outside world as the learned ed, while their love and respect theologian, and the last of the for him are reverential. His warm church fathrrs, but among his ac- generous heart is the powerful quaintances as one of the most magnet which draws all men unto successful teachers of the young. him. His charity is limited only He is a man who is thoroughly in by the emptiness of his purse. earnest, and is an illustration of He never seems to think of him- the "native majesty, the princely self, when responding to the many power and splendor of the Hebrew calls upon him in that line, and intellect, when developed and ap- but a very small portion of his plied under right influences, and salary as a Professor in the Uni- toward worthy objects." He versity is expended upon his per- having come up out of the dark- son. Money, clothes, and often ness of Judaism, seems to possess his precious books, are parted a sagacity within certain limits, with freely. He has refused many almost prophetic. His field of calls to richer professorships on labor is Theology, and for the his- account of his love for his work in torical department, "no one," as Berlin, and yet out of his modest one writer expresses it, "has a income he has established a society clearer insight into the mutual re- for the relief of sick students, and

lation of historic facts, and into often gives to it beyond his ability. the real worth and significance of He is hospitable in the extreme,

historic phenomena." Ritualism, and it is a pleasant sight to see Pantheism and Idealism hold him sitting in the midst of a circle mighty sway throughout Germany of his young friends, (himself as and especially in the seats of young in heart as any) discoursing learning. Against these Neander upon theological subjects. With has been one of the staunchest the greatest deference to those

combatants. His religion is to around him he enters into every him a living reality, and his heart question and thought, however

is full of love and devotedness to uninteresting, always simple yet his Redeemer. earnest. Wherever he sees a Although deeply engaged in shadow of doubt he takes care to

the profound study and abstract remove it by incitingto investiga-

speculations of Theology, which tion. With the dullest he is ever THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 85

gentle and tries to ripen all in the struggle with Judaism, and the sunshine of his love. many isms under whose influ- On this particular evening of ence he had been educated, he which we write, he has been think- came out a meek and loving fol- ing over his past life with a thank- lower of the long despised Na- ful heart. Fie remembers the time zarene. when he was a poor little Jewish At his baptism he took a name lad, bearing the name of David from each of his three friends who Mendel. Heremembers how, smit- stood as sponsors, and from one of ten with the love of books, he used them his surname, Neiunan, chang-

to steal into the shop of a kind ing it into the Greek, Neander, thus bookseller and sit absorbed in the ever keeping in mind the fact that study of the volumes that were lent he had become a new -man. him, utterly unconscious of his sur- At Easter of the same year, roundings. He remembers his old 1806, he went to Halle to study teacher Johann Gurlitt.who acted Theology under Schleimacher, as well the father's part to the whom he considered his spiritual worse than fatherless boy. Then father. The University being passes before his mind remem- broken up by Napoleon he re- brances of the delight he experi- turned to his native place Gottin- enced when, at sixteen years ofage, gen, and there finished his acad- he was admitted into the literary! emical studies, his friend Noodt society called the "Polar Star,"! taking charge of the child man, which had for its object the study of for then, as now, he was a child Religion, Philosophy, Poetry and in the ways of the world, and the Classics. There he studied needed some one to look after his

Plato, who was his favorite, and it bodily wants. There it was that was by means of this that the foun- he was led to those original inves- dation of his conversion was laid. tigations into the sources of Hefoundin Platosomethingthat "Church History," which consti- accorded with his own nature, and tuted the great work of his life. when he was told that the writings Wherever he went his excessive of John the Evangelist contained awkwardness, grotesqueness, and the sentiments akin to those of eccentricity caused merriment, his favorite he overcame his Jew- and oftimes drew upon himself ish scruples and read the Gospel. the ridicule of his fellow students. He found there that which satisfied But not long could they withstand his longing soul, and he was led his power. By his earnestness, deeper into the search for truth, brilliancy of intellect, and genu- by means of which, after a severe ine apostolic love for mankind he 86 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. drew many wondering and de- fifteen lectures per week during voted admirers around him. As the whole 38 years, besides com- an example of this: after his de- pleting his literary work, among parture from Gottingen, he was which are, "The Life of Christ,'' elected in 1812 Professor of The- " The planting of the Christian ology in Heidleberg, though then Church," and his famous "Church only 22 years of age. The stu- History," yet this life has been a dents were in a state of great happy one. excitement because a converted He has been surrounded byfriends Jew dared to address them, and and engaged in hearty labor. Du- determined to drum him out. ring all these years his sister Han- "The auditorium was crowded; nah has been his devoted caretaker, Neander stepped, awkward and supplying all his wants. If she embarrassed, to the desk; many a brings him a glass of water, he hateful and insulting word reached knows he is thirsty, if food, he is him from the hostile throng. Like hungry. Sheishisconstantattend- the pure loving apostle John he ant in his walks, for he cannot be stood; the pale face beamed as if trusted to go out alone. In his ab- transfigured; a quick loving glance sent-mindedness or rather full- flashed over the assemblage; he mindedness, he becomes lost in heard no longer the threatening going even to the University, a scraping of feet; with a voice hes- distance of a few squares. The itating at first but stronger and intimate relationship of this broth-

more earnest at every moment, er and sister is perfect, although he began his lecture, which came they possess in themselves the ex- so full of life and fresh originality tremes of nature. She, active, from the depths and purity of his cheerful and overflowing with heart. The room grew stiller and humor, is said to be the gaily stiller. The students listened, in- bound supplement to the learned, tent, enchained, affected, abashed. thoughtful, pious book of her Something told them that Christi- brother. Dearly does she delight anity was the dearest thing in the to tell him of the time when his world to that young Jew. One friend Noodt was trying to teach fresh young heart after another him to smoke, and he made the was won over to the youthful slight mistake of using his friend's lecturer, and his bitterest foes be- finger instead of his own in stuffing came his warmest friends. the pipe; when he went into the FromHeidelberghecametoBer- street with a broom under his arm lin. His life here has been laborious, instead of an umbrella, or when he for he has given, on an average, walked with his amanuensis with THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 87

one foot in the gutter and perceiv- ing, " Hannah, I am tired; I will

ing that it was shorter than the go to sleep," and he closed his other cried out in terror, " Uleij- eyes upon earth to open them on " huth, I am lame! eternity. A large concourse of Many laughable anecdotes are sorrowing friends followed him to told of him, illustrating his more his last resting place. The hearse, than childish simplicity, and yet which was covered with flowers, no one thinks of ridiculing him by was surrounded by students, in- telling them. One more picture consolable in their grief. In ad- and we are done. vance were borne the Bible and One July day in 1850, Neander Greek Testament, which had been lectured in the University. He his constant companions through

was not well, and his voice failed life. At the open grave an ad- in the midst of his discourse. dress was delivered from the text, Some of the students conducted " Know ye not that this day a him home and when one said, "It prince and a great man has fallen

is the last lecture of ' our ' Nean- in Israel ?" and the hearts of the " " der it rang like a death knell on people responded, "Amen! their hearts. After a few days L. N. B. illness he said on Sabbath morn-

PROTECTION OF THE HELPLESS.

Under the benign influences of, the heroic achievements and un- Christianity the rapid advance of paralleled advancement of our civilization has wrought marvel- country. But notwithstanding our

j ous changes in man's condition laudable progress and high de- during the past century. One by gree of civilization, we lack that one the traces of barbarism have true conception of our relation to been obliterated and moral out- the animal creation (in general) rages suppressed, until to-day we which should characterize a peo- boast of an enlightened and Chris- ple of so high a type. Hardly a tian nation superior to those of quarter of a century has passed the past and equalled by few of the since we deemed it legally if not present. A just sense of pride morally right to hold our fellow

should fill the heart of every pa- men in bondage. Not until our triotic citizen, as he contemplates horizon was obscured by the war 88 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

cloud and the soil of our fair coun- tensely from over-crowding and try was bathed in the gore of want of food and water. In noble sons, were we forced to slaughtering, their suffering is not acknowledge this treatment as un- taken into consideration, but tney

just. Since it required many years are allowed to witness the killing to convince us of this wrong, we of animals around them, and when are not surprised that we continue their time comes they are of course to treat some of our irrational frantic with feaj, and while in this animals in such a way that a blush state of excitement are killed, of shame should tinge the cheek many times in barbarous ways,

of every true American. It is and prepared for our markets. therefore in behalf of these that The effect of this cruelty does cannot speak for themselves that not end there. Scientific investi- we plead for a redress of griev- gation tells us that all suffering ances. develops disease germs in the

That man has mistreated .his body of the animal enduring it,

animal friends in various and bar- and thus renders it more or less

barous ways cannot be denied. unwholesome for food ; observa- We would venture the assertion tion shows us that a large propor- that there is no one who has not tion of the cattle shipped from the been guilty of inflicting unneces- west, including those dying on sary pain or wanton cruelty upon the way, are dressed and placed

some dumb brute. Time would in our markets ; our crowded

fail us to enumerate the ways in cemeteries witness by their silent

which they suffer ; words are in- and mournful tones the direful re- adequate to express the extent of sults. Hence, omitting the con-

their unnecessary pain ; the artist sideration of justice and rigJit, it would in vain attempt to sketch a becomes a question of paramount picture gloomy enough to convey importance how we treat animals to our minds a true conception of intended for food. man's diabolical treatment of them. If we should visit the dissecting Remembering that the physical departments of our medical insti-,

organism of an animal is suscep- tutions we might there see what tible of the same degree of pain our so-called messengers of mer- as the human body under similar cy practice in their vivisection. circumstances, we can form a The etymology of the word vivi- vague idea of the suffering inflict- sect*—cutting alive —foretells what ed upon them. In transportation pitiless cruelty must necessari- from our western prairies to east- ly attend such barbarous experi- ern markets they often suffer in- ments. Millions of helpless crea- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 89

tures are annually sacrificed in natural sciences." The latter as- this manner. With the adminis- serts, in regard to a series of ex- tration of no anaesthetic, their periments that he had tried, that

skin is severed, skulls sawn asun- not one of them was justified or der and limbs amputated, thus necessary. The idea of the good exposing those parts of their or- of humanity was simply out of ganism which were never intend- the question, and would have been ed to be exhibited to the inspec- laughed at, the great end being to tion of man while palpitating with keep up with his contemporaries life. The longer their agony can in science, even at the price of be continued the more delighted an incalculable amount of tor-

is the indifferent investigator. He ture needlessly and iniquitously never tires of these scenes, but inflicted on the poor animals. rather enjoys such death struggles As Dr. John Reid, a distinguish- and seeks to repeat them. ed vivisectionist, lay upon his

What is the result of all this ? death bed, he saw in his imagina- Is the knowledge of the art of tion a multitude of animals he surgery sufficiently advanced to had killed, writhing in pain and justify so extensive a practice of giving forth agonizing cries under

it ? If so, well, but if not, laws his experiments, and was forced

should be enacted to prohibit it or to exclaim: "I thought it no harm

place severe restrictions upon it. then, but I see it differently now."

Animals were created for the ben- While vivisection is limited to efit of man, but never intended to the medical profession, there is

be used as subjects of his merci- another form of. cruelty much par- less pleasure. Investigation shows ticipated in without the excuse of us that nine hundred and ninety- scientific research, which is gen- nine hundredths of all these ex- erally denominated sport. We periments are either unnecessary would not be understood as con- or are the wanton repetition of demning all hunting and taking of

those, the results of which shed life, for some of it is justifiable, not ore new ray of light upon any but we do assert that the prime branch of medical science. end sought after by the majority

Allow me to quote the testimo- of sportsmen is not to obtain sus- ny of two eminent vivisectionists, tenance for the body, but to grat- Dr. Charles Bell and Dr. George ify their love of sportsmanship. Hoggan. The former says: "Viv- It will be admitted by every one isection has done more to perpet- that the game actually taken is rate error than to enforce just not the fascinating element of the views taken from anatomy and hunt. The fox is of no intrinsic 90 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. value to the hunter, yet he ardent- ing by sanctioning the abominable ly pursues it, and is disappointed check-rein, useless blinkers and if it should fortunately make its the barbarous practice of dock- escape. The motive which prompts ing. Queen Victoria recently the chase is a love for blood-shed prohibited the use of blinkers on and the fullest enjoyment is not the horses of the royal stables. experienced until the little crea- If this is of sufficient importance ture lies lacerated at the teet of to claim the attention of a sover- the pursuer. Why does the marks- eign, it is surely worthy of our man prefer to practice on live consideration. It is impossible to pigeons rather than clay ones over-estimate the extent of animal made for the purpose and which suffering prevailing in this civil- requires greater skill to hit ? It ized and enlightened country. In is the love of seeing the feathers silent submission these dumb fly and the poor bird fluttering to brutes endure man's unchristian the ground with broken pinion treatment. What if before the that gives this peculiar charm. bar of infinite justice their charges

While we grant that hunting is should be brought against us ? a natural and original instinct of We do not know that the lower man and perfectly justifiable when animals have any future existence, kept within lawful bounds, yet we but we do know that many emi- think every honest sportsman will nent Biblical scholars and theolo- admit that killing for the sake of gians ascribe to them immortality. killing is not true sportsmanship, John Wesley, Jeremy Taylor, and that the wounding of birds by Bishop Butler, Coldrige and amateur gunners or the use of Agassiz all believed in some kind them for targets is a form of cruel- of future life for the lower crea- ty that should tion in receive the con- ; and the volume of the demnation of every Christian man Book it is written, " God made the and woman. We would not be cattle," and again, "God remem- doing our best, and probably our bered the cattle," and again, "the most ill-treated animal friend, the cattle on a thousand hills are horse, justice, if we should fail to His." If dumb brutes are God's

mention his mistreatment. Too creatures it necessarily follows

familiar are we with the cruelties that the abuse of them is a crime

inflicted upon him to necessitate and the protection of them is the an enumeration. But their fre- Master s service.

quency does not make them right The immoral effect of ill treat- nor justify their infliction. Fash- ment to animals upon individu-

ion has contributed to his suffer- als is worthy of our attention. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 9i

Of 7,000 children taught kind- whose time was largely consumed ness to animals in a Scotch public in solving questions of national school not one has ever been importance, did not deem his last charged with a criminal offence; hours too sacred for the remem- while out of 2,000 convicts in our brance of that which had added prisons questioned on this subject joy to his leisure moments, but only twelve ever had a pet animal upon his death bed had his win- during childhood. If this signifies dow thrown open and his herd anything consider it, if nothing, of cattle driven by, calling each

cast it to the breeze. by name as they passed.

It is no sign of effeminacy, as What a true conception of cru- some think, to have animal pets elty did Cowper possess, who and a kind regard for the cow, said: horse, and even the most insignif- " I would not enter on my list of friends, icant creatures, but it indicates Though graced with polished manners and fine sense a great heart of love recognizing Yet wanting sensibility, the man Who needlessly sets foot upon a worm.'' in these the thoughts of God. Some of the greatest men whose O, boasted civilization! O, land

names adorn the annals of the of so-called freedom and justice ! past were lovers of dumb brutes, Not until the spirit of Him who is and their association with them the embodiment of mercy is so en- was a source of much hap- throned in the hearts of thy chil- piness. Sir Walter Scott and dren as to secure kindness and Edward Lanseer had their dogs, justice to every living creature Richelieu and Wolsey were ad- wilt thou be in reality what thou mirers of cats, and Daniel Web- art in name, a Christian nation. ster, a man of giant intellect, E. Eugene Gillespie.

A TRUE STORY WITH A MORAL.

It was one of September's last I fume of summer. It was just the

days ; when in our clime summer time for a man to forget that he is just verging into autumn—one was ever bound by physical laws of those days when the biting or restrained by the force of cir- frosts of winter are strangely in- cumstances which might have termixed with the bloom and per- made him a slave every other day 92 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. in the year. Who has not lived flaunted her crimson and gold, and through such days?—when the the ear detected the sound of a hazy, dreamy atmosphere woos squirrel scampering after the ear- the soul to think upon its Creator, liest nuts. the heart to forget its bleeding, and In striking contrast to all this the eye to look hopefully heaven- was the crowd of human beings, ward. Thus it was after a week who, grouped in little knots about of toil and discouragement in a the church, discussed tobacco mountain revival the Sabbath crops, the last drunken row, the dawned with such wondrous new comers, or gossipped about beauty. their neighbors according to the The scene, indeed, was surpas- inclination of each. As the minis- singly fair. Curious but sympath- ter approached the bell pealed etic eyes might have noted a little forth its joyful strains, bidding band of missionaries as they the mind to dwell upon. more hal- wended their way to the rude lowed subjects. If there were in- little church and the still ruder different hearers of the word that congregation. Even the half blind day, there were others whose preacher could not refrain from strength increased and whose stopping to admire the view. hopes grew brighter as the words To the north loomed the Blue of love and encouragement fell

Ridge, its solemnity and grandeur from the preacher's lips ; and heightened by the deeper blue when at last he took his seat, if

with which the haze enveloped it. some were glad at the prospect of

It the eye turned to the east, it an early Doxology, others were was only to see more mountain grateful for the opportunity of ; and these bending their course thus vocalizing their heart's southward stretched on and on prayer. till mountain, vale and sky blend- At this supreme moment a lady ed into one shimmering mass. In quietly arose from her seat, step- the half parched grass under foot ped to the pulpit, and whispered and among the few newly fallen something in the minister's ear. leaves the grasshoppers and katy- Quietly though it was done, yet

di.ls were chirping their last frag- every eye saw ; and as a look of ments of song. Here and there interest illumined his placid coun- dotted over the landscape one tenance, a thrill of curiosity like might ^ee that Jack Frost had al- an electric current flashed through ready begun his autumn decora- the congregation. Calm and dig- for nified the venerable man rose to tions ; occasionally among the green pines and laurels a maple his feet. Although unable to dis- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 93

tinguish scarcely a face, his eyes give only a description of the wed- imaginative reader is for a moment scanned his hearers. I ding, the In measured tones he thus began: left to clothe our hero in the cardinal virtues follow him "There is, I am told, a couple here j and

who wish to be bound in the holy ! through the delicious days of

bonds of wedlock before this peo- ! courtship. pie." " Now," he said, "if they will Smiling, he extracts from the j

come forward, I will proceed with breast pocket of his coat the mar-

the requirements of the law." Ex- riage license, handing it with a citement waxed to white heat, broad smile to the preacher, who After full a minute's waiting the in his turn unfolds and pretends bride, a young woman of twenty- to read. The groom having seat- bride, four summers and at least as many j ed himself by the the minis- winters, whose one adornment ter commanded both to rise and was a bright calico dress and "join your right hands," which whose good looks might have command being obeyed he pro- been greatly enhanced by the ap- ceeded to "tie the knot" with Im- plication of a comb, arose and took tie flourish of rhetoric. Prayer her seat directly in front of the and the Doxology followed in minister. quick succession, and as the last

But where was the groom ? All "amen" was pronounced the long eyes were turned to the opposite pent up excitement broke loose in side of the room as he loomed up expressive exclamations, from among the men. See him Our bride and groom being re-

as he advances ! —The hero of the sidents in the same family, the

occasion ! With coat hanging former soon started homeward to loosely from his shoulders, his prepare the dinner, while the lat- shirt front open showing his pow- ter lingered to receive the congra- erful chest, his unkept hair push- tulations of his boon companions, ed back from a low forehead, and MORALS, the low extremities of his trousers Ist . Whatever the leading mag- j crammed into the tops of massive azines and periodicals of a year or boots of no particular color, he two ago may have decided in re- looked the typical mountaineer. gard to the success or failure of Under the skillful pen of Charles marriage, this couple decided in-

Egbert Craddock he could easily dependently that it was worth have played the role of an un- trying. known Hamlet or an unsung 2nd. Marriage is not a failure, Standish. for this couple actually succeed in But as this article proposes to o-etting married. 94 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

3rd. Marriage is not a business 4th. Marriage then is purely the

; for any man, woman, outgrowth of for in this case transaction love ; or child witnessing this one would there was absolutely no other in-

have said that this couple had no ducement ! '90. business whatever to take the vows.

AUGUSTUS S. MERRIMON.

During the past few weeks two The legal profession, and I say of North Carolina's most promi- this with all respect and regard nent sons have been called from for every other, has furnished the that were spent in her striking examples of con- useful lives j most service. servatism, the boldest champions Augustus S. Merrimon and of liberty, and the most aggres- Donald W. Bain have for years sive spirits in the great crises of past held important positions of history. trust for their people. Notwithstanding the empty In one the cause of justice, in maxims and chronic complaints the other the financial prosperity of the vulgar horde in regard to of our State has found an able ad- 1 its numbers, of whose labors and vocate and watchful custodian. I greatest achievements they have And so we stand to-day beside no conception, and of whose true those two fallen defenders of a mission and province they have commonwealth's most material in- but little, their works in time of

| terest and remember that as they peace and in councils of war, in have so long labored together for legislative halls and before the her interest, so have they together bar of justice, are monuments passed away, we are forcibly re- that speak more eloquently than minded of two others who, at the tongue or pen, of the part they same time " took their flight to have played in the structure of the world of spirits," and of whom civilized government. Webster said "Adams and Jeffer- In all these various fields of labor son are no more. Neither of these the character of the subject of this two men could have died at any sketch has been brought conspic- time without leaving an immense uously before the people of North void in our society, they have been Carolina. And in each has it so intimately interwoven in the furnished an example of honest history of our country." perseverance worthy the emula- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 95 tion of the young men of his State, The famous Johnson will case and of professional uprightness came up before him for trial. In and integrity a special model for this case there was said to be the those who would attain the high- finest array of counsel that ever est excellence at the bar. spoke before a North Carolina bar. The late Chief Justice Augustus The progress of the trial lasted S. Merrimon was born in Septem- three weeks and many were the ber, 1830. His early advantages intricate questions of law submit- were very poor, he never having ted for his decision. gone to school but eight or nine The case was carried to the months in his life. Supreme Court, and he was there When the war came on he en- sustained in all his rulings. listed in Gov. Vance's Company When the military authorities and was soon made Deputy Quar- began to interfere and it seemed ter Master. He was elected by that force was to usurp the reins the General Assembly Solicitor of of justice, rather than submit to the mountain district, where his that which he lacked the power life was constantly in jeopardy to resist, he resigned his position while in the performance of his and returned to the practice of official duties. But here, in an law—practicing under the firm of era and in a section of disorder Phillips, Merrimon and Ashe. and doubt, of conflicting opinions When Mr. Phillips was made and many misgivings as to the re- Solicitor General, the above law sult of that gloomy period, we see firm became "Merrimon, Fuller a noble exhibition of those manly and Ashe." Judge Merrimon was and admirable characteristics then elected to the U. S. Senate which stood out so boldly in the over Gov. Vance. After faithfully development of his character in serving his constituents and re- the shifting scenes of succeeding flecting credit upon his State, he years. Although threats of vio- again returned to the practice of lence met his every action, yet to his chosen profession. On the him his duty was clear and noth- resignation of Judge Ruffin, Judge ing insurmountable lay in the path Merrimon was appointed Associ- to the prompt discharge of the ate Justice of the Supreme Court same. by Gov. Jarvis, and on the death After faithfully discharging the of Chief Justice Smith, he was many arduous and dangerous du- promoted to the exalted position ties that were incumbent upon of Chief Justice by Gov. Fowle.

him there, he was elected Judge , This place he ably filled to the of the Superior Court bench. day of his death. —

96 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

In his public life one cannot but great probity and strength of discern the elements of success. character. He seemed ever to Starting without a college—yea, have been deeply impressed with even without a common school ed- a sense of his responsibility -cool ucation —in a profession where he and patriotic, master of any sub- was to compete with the learned ject he undertook to handle—and talent of the state—and trying to clear in thought and expression. gain a foot-hold in the darkest While Judge Merrimon was uni- and most unstable period of our versally recognized as a man of history, he gradually grew and the highest moral character, yet gained strength, influence and throughout the greater part of his

power by patient and constant ef- life he was not very pronounced fort, till he at last obtained the in his religious ideas. Such con-

highest position, in his profession, tinued the case till a short time in the gift of his people. before his death, when the mists He was not a learned lawyer, that had long hung over the vision but he possessed a judicial tem- of this great and just man, were perament fair, just and honest cleared away and he united him- and these, combined with his pu- self with the Methodist Church. rity and integrity, made him a His example as a man—kind,

most excellent judge—who held generous and charitable ; as a the scales of justice with an im- lawyer—honest, truthful and up- partial hand. right, and as a judge—fair and

Among his associates, Judge just, is worthy careful study and Merrimon was universally known emulation. as a man of no small vices—of R. H. Hayes.

GEORGE WILLIAM CURTIS.

[An extrac's from a lecture given by Prof. E. Perisho. C. ]

George Wm. Curtis was preem- fertility of his mind; the compre- inently the young mans friend. hension of his thought, and the So exemplary was his life, so purity of his life all combine to inspiring was his intellect, so win- convince you that back of what he ning was his personality, that to assumed to be there was a reserve many he became an ideal. The power not found in ordinary men. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 97

So distasteful was anything like Fourierism, idealistic as it may deceit, that to him honesty was a have been, and transitory as it passion. So great was his admi- was, left its impress upon such ration for truth and right that with men as Curtis in a manner never him justice was a habit. Gladly to be obliterated. would he have seen all things In 1846 Curtis determined to good; and earnestly did he strive spend a few years traveling in to make them so. Europe. While there he learned Mr. Curtis was not a college- much of men and history. He bred man, strange as it may seem. was an eye witness of many im- At the age of eighteen he aban- portant events in those revo- doned his mercantile pursuits and lutionary times. During his joined at Brook Farm, near Rox- four years abroad he traveled bury, Mass., that little company of in such fertile fields for study poets, philosophers, reformers and and self-culture as Egypt, idealists, who had formed them- Palestine, Italy, Germany and selves into a communistic society. Great Britain. His stay in Here he became intimately ac- Europe was made all the more quainted with such noted literary pleasant and profitable be- characters as Emerson, Haw- cause he had the good fortune thorne, Margaret Fuller and Wm. to secure the friendship of E. Channing. No one can tell such persons as Robert and Mrs. how great an influence such asso- Browning in Italy, Kensett and ciates as these exercise upon a Hicks in Germany, Thackery and young man who is eager to learn many others of England. more of everything that is worthy His stay at Brook Farm was his in life. Not the least of the good four years' collegiate course. He which such surroundings must could have found none more in- have, is the inspiration which one structive. What some men hope always feels when in contact with to receive at a University a great life. That strange and he obtained during his four fascinating experience at Brook years of travel in the Old Farm was atelling factor in World. Brook Farm was his forming the character of young College. Europe was his Uni- Curtis. versity.

That philosophy, though it was In 1850, at the age of twenty- transcendental; and that reform, six, Mr. Curtis returned to Amer-

though it was Utopian, did not ex- ica and at once joined his old ist without a purpose, nor influ- friends, Chas. A. Dana, the editor

ence without a result. of the New York Suit; Henry J. 98 THE GUILFORD COLLEGAIN.

Raymond, for many years editor minses legion? Is there not rea- of the New York Times, and son in their dread of Christmas George Ripley, the leader of the because of the sordid and merce-

Brook Farm settlement, as a co- nary standards by which it is laborer upon the staff of the New' measured? The same good sense York Tribune. that sees the folly of Timmins's

letters little dinner, it, While yet in Europe, by ; and avoid can stay written to the Tribune, Curtis had the abuse and regenerate Christ-

gained a favorable notice by its mas. It is essentially a day of good editor, Horace Greeley. will. It commemorates the spirit As early as 1852 Curtis became of the brotherhood of men. You a contributor to Harper s Maga- cannot buy Christmas at the shops, zine; soon after this the Easy and a sign of friendly sympathy

Chair was formed, which he, with costs little. If the extravagance of

such rare distinction, filled almost funerals is such that a great society

continuously until his death. is organized to withstand it, Permit me to call your atten- should not the extravagance of tion to the last subject which he Christmas cause every honest discussed in the Easy Chair. man and woman to practically

It is a warning upon the extrav- protest by refusing to yield to the agances of Christmas time. He extravagance ?" tells us, that to many people When Mr. Curtis wrote these

this joyous day is one of anxiety, thoughts he did not know that worriment and then regret—rep- with them the career of the Easy resenting that large number of Chair would be closed forever.

our people who are unable to make But if he had known it, true to fine dinners and give costly pres- his spirit of reform, he would have ents, by Thackery's Timmins fam- permitted them to remain un-

ily. Mr. Curtissays: "Christmas changed.

is made miserable to the Tim- At the age of thirty-two, hav- minses because they feel that they ing entered politics, he became as must spend lavishly to buy gifts noted for his oratory as he had like their richer neighbors. They been distinguished for his polished thank God with warmth that essays. Before the campaign was Christmas comes but once a year. over which resulted in the election

It is becoming a vulgar day, a day of Lincoln, he was side by side not of domestic pleasure, but of with the best leaders of the Re- ruinous rivalry in extravagance, a publican party. Perhaps his great- day to be deprecated rather than est influence in the political field welcomed. Are not the Tim- was as editor of Harpers Weekly. —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 99

From '63 to '92—over twenty-nine sever those political associations, years—he had direct control of the made strong by over one-third of two editorial pages of that leading a century's devotion. Yet when periodical. he believed it his duty, the change It is said that for twenty years was made and he at once became prior to 1884, Curtis was the most the leader of independent thought able Republican editorial writer in politics. He believed that par- in the United States. His man- ties were for the preservation and ner and style, and greater than enforcement of principles, and not these, his honesty as an editor, ex- principles for the protection of j erted a wonderfully elevating in- parties.

I fluence in American journalism. Though directly connected with He was too honorable to be dis- political work for thirty years, he j honest, and too great to be de- was in no sense a machine politic- ceitful. ian. He stands, for aught I know, As an editorial writer he held absolutely free from the contami- with rare distinction the position nations of corrupt party politics. If of political teacher. All who not always free from criticism, yet knew him—and who did not ? no one ever censured him for hav- had the assurance that what he ing a selfish motive. Could we said was the truth, or the truth as not make him in politics our ideal, he understood it. When he uttered and in society our highest type of words of commendation it was be- an American citizen. cause the subject was worthy of George Wm. Curtis was a true praise. When he condemned, it reformer. He rather preferred was at a time when censure was quietly to labor hard for some due. In his political discussions it needed reformation than to enjoy was not party but principles which the honors and emoluments of determined the course pursued by office. him with such unselfish courage. It is said he might have been When he believed that the best U. S. Senator, but he chose a less interests of the government would noted but perhaps a more telling be obtained by not adhering to work. He might have been editor the principles advocated by the of the New York Times, but this Republican party, he at once sev- he refused for less partisan labor- ered his close relationship with that President Hayes urged him to be- political organization in which he come our minister to England, had won so many splendid achieve- (the place afterwards tendered to ments. Mr. Curtis, himself, has James Russell Lowell,) but this he told us how much he regretted to declined that he might be of more —

IOO THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. service to his country by remain- his death we have lost the great- ing at home. est American orator. He believed that the worst evil The work of Curtis was more in our political life was found in for the good of posterity than for our adherence to that old doctrine, personal pleasure. In him men "To the victors belong thespoils." placed confidence, because they As early as Grant's administra- knew his motives were sincere. tion he was our greatest advocate So honest was he in purpose, and of Civil Service Reform. When so just in censure, that, though the first Civil Service Commission an enthusiast, he was never called was appointed President Grant fanatical. In disposition Curtis was made Mr. Curtis its Chairman. the gentlest of men. In action, he For many years he was not only was the most unyielding when the president but the lead- his conscience told him to be firm. ing spirit of the National Civil His heart was tender, but in it Service Reform League. In his an- there was no weakness. nual addresses before that organ- His death was marked by a sor- ization may be found both the ob- row which was universal and by a ject of the League and the history regret that was personal. In the of its growth. loss whieh his countrymen feel may In oratory, as in all other things be found the highest monument to to which Mr. Curtis directed his his work and the noblest tribute attention, he was an acknowledged to his character. master. It has been said that in

THE CONTENTS OF A POSTAL CARD.

Even what can be written on a dress my many dear friends in postal card is oftentimes valuable. North Carolina through The COL- We consider as such the few LEGIAN, many of whom I recall words written by Prof. Wm. L. as school mates at the old New Pearson, of Penn College, Iowa, Garden school. But for the pres- to one of the Editors of The ent it is quite impossible without COLLEGIAN. As an old student serious neglect of important du- of New Garden School he still ties. I have marked the progress has a deep interest in Guilford of Guilford College with unbroken College, and for this reason we interest and the rapid advance take the liberty to publish what and quick step of the old North he has to say. State Friends, who seem to have the enterprising and enthusiastic Penn College, Oskaloosa, Iowa, ) spirit of their sons fn the North- ii mo. 28, 1892. $ West. Indeed you will apparent- Dear Friend: ly become our leaders.

Thy favor of 23d has been re- God bless you all ! Again ceived. Thank thee. I should thank thee. Very truly. esteem it a great privilege to ad- Wm. L. Pearson. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. IOI

tic class may each have the pri- The Suilford (Lollegian. vilege of "hanging their harp on PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE LITERARY SOCIETIES the willow tree" forevermore, at the close of the present term and Of Guilford College. may never have to pass that way EDITORS: again. C. F. TOMLINSON,'93. best wishes with E. E. Gillespie, '93. Our go the Eula L. Dixon, '94. members of the Faculty, and we ASSOCIATE EDITORS: their wrinkles Amy J. Stevens, '95 Personals. hope of care may J as. P. Parker, '93 Locals. F. W. Grabbs, '94 Exchange. all be changed to smiles again BUSINESS MANAGERS: before the 10th of January. E. S. White, '93. H. B Wokth, '94. For ourselves—with one long Mary H. Arnold, '94. sigh, we wish a continuance of all

Address all business communications to the sweets and pleasures of col- Business Managers of Guilford Collegian, lege journalism. It may be our Guilford College, N. C. lot during vacation to shiver over

Subscription price : One year $i.oo the dim fire that lights our sanc- Club rates: Six copies 5.00 tum, and with blunted pen write Single copies ro — up the January issue, but even if The Collegian is entered at Guilford College Post this should be our fate we can Office as second class matter. have lots of consolation over the

December, 1892 thought that a cool climate is a great mind " invigorator " and that OUR BEST WISHES. the blunted pen is a strong evidence that we have been in cool climates a before. These are they : We wish many time every one of our friends a Merry Christmas and a joyous New Year, SOCIETY WORK FOR GIRLS. not simply because it is customary to wish such things, but because Every college for young men

it really comes from the bottom has its debating society or socie-

of our hearts. For those who still ties. This line of work is consid- owe us their subscriptions we have ered as one of the essentials, and

a kind of " supplementary wish" well it may be, for how soon would that the coming year may be a the average young man become

prosperous one for them. Policy an intelligent speaker if it were

or no policy we sincerely wish not for this ? Certainly not so ear- this. We even wish a few things ly as at present. We do not want before Christmas. One of them to startle any one when we say is that the members of the Analy- that women are beginning to speak 102 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. in public and the female colleges where one may learn to intelli- | are becoming slightly interested gently express to others any in society work. It is only the thought in mind. It is needful same old story, that the demands for girls to improve themselves in of the people must be met. We this line, and especially is it ex- would hardly suppose that in this pected of college students. When day of progress any one would a young woman goes home from

question the subject of extempo- school it so often happens that she raneous speaking for girls. True, soon receives a call from the su- the time once was when woman's perintendent of the Sabbath school

limits of action were so confined for a talk, or she is requested to that her voice was seldom heard speak a few words before a body in school, church or on the plat- of academic or primary students. form, but the narrowness of thought Many places she finds open, and causing such restriction is fast she can hardly do otherwise than dying out. The signs of the times comply. Suppose she can solve are that women will ere long the most difficult problem in Ana-

stand equal with their brothers lytics or is the one who led her in the field of oratory. One ques- class in giving the best translation

tion that arises is, what will help of Livy, all this is lost amid blush-

lead them up to it ? To express es, and words drop falteringly one's thoughts intelligently is an from her lips. Indeed, those who attainment to be sought after. have listened underrate very much Certainly it requires study, energy the young woman's ability. Cer- and perseverance, with no little tainly the time has come for a girl amount of experience and prac- when she leaves college to go tice of extemporaneous speaking. out, tongue and brain ready, to

These last named helps are found try the realities of every day life.

to a greater or less extent in a The demand is not now so much debating society. As yet there is for those who can write "essays" a tendency among girls to devote and speak "made up pieces," but their time to something else, and those who can express themselves often when asked to join a society intelligently upon any subject reply, "I can't debate." We are with which they are acquainted, glad to say that a debating society no matter when or where called

is not a place for oratorical con- upon. As before said, this is the tests, but the little meeting that end of the debating society. The teaches students to overcome the advantages that a girl may re- excitement that naturally attends ceive therein, if she apply herself appearance in public, and. a^plaee wejl, may be of incalculable worth, THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 103 and the drill there given will save cases have occurred, the realiza- many a sigh over failure that was tion of their miserable records at the result of somebody's being college has been the force which "unprepared." stirred them to action. E. L. D. In this generation it is the scholarly man —the mentally developed man who makes the best orator, WHAT WE SHOULD AIM AT. the best statesman and the best never Excellence in scholarship is professional man. There what every student of Guilford was a greater mistake than for can achieve College should strive for— first, persons to think they neglect- last and all the time. We often distinction in oratory by hear the remark by some of our ing their regular studies and giv- their time most promising students that it ing the greater part of does not pay to devote so much to their literar> society. Matured time to text books, but that out- knowledge, thorough and well- side work—such as debating, grounded knowledge, is the basis society work in general, athletics, of oratory, of eloquence and of all etc, should claim the best moments other arts or accomplishments in of a student's time. We wish to which mind work is concerned. take issue with all who hold to Therefore we should aim at ex- this belief, for although this idea cellenceinscholarship. Weshould seems to be becoming more gen- make a clean sweep of everything eral among students from year to from Freshman to Senior Class

year, yet it is opposed to the and endeavor to surpass ourselves foundation principle of every col- in every study we undertake. The lege in the land. easiest study should never be neg- We assume that a student goes lected. The hardest study should to college to prepare himself for a not be neglected because of its

life work. At any rate this should extreme hardness. Philo, the be his definite purpose and to do philosopher, once said \\\2X^every- this he needs a thorough mental thing was possible, even if out- drill such as he can get from his ward circumstances should pre- text books alone. We have a few vent it from being realized, pro- instances on record of men who vided only the capacity for it have barely succeeded in getting pre-existed. Hard study makes their diplomas at college, yet who the capacity, and the capacity jis have achieved brilliant success' in but the means toward the end.

life as orators, statesmen and pro- Excellence in scholarship; means

fessional men, 'but when these a cultured mind ; it meaiisv fitness 104 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. for some important station in life; many of us review the slothful it means for the students at Guil- service rendered the Master dur- ford a high standing at other in- ing the first half of this school stitutions of greater learning than year and if, as a natural conse- ours, when they go to them to quence, a spirit of coldness charac- continue their studies. terizes our associations, we can

Then let us all aim at excel- only attribute the cause of it to lence in scholarship with the our individual inactivity. blessed assurance that it will at Let us, therefore, profit by our least do us no harm, for even if experience along this line and we fail, the failure will be more consider what we individually honorable than to fail —having may do to strengthen the christ- never tried. ian forces of our institutions, and C. F. T. at what time our services will be most effectual. SUGGESTIONS TO STUDENTS.. Observation has proved that it is disastrous to wait until the be-

As the fall term is fast drawing ginning of the term before formu- to a close, we who expect to relating any plans for definite christ- turn next year are doubtless plan- ian work. Our forces should be ning our work and making resolu- organized beforehand and ready tions to accomplish more during for immediate action at the open- the ensuing session than we have ing of the session. We cannot in the one now expiring. over-estimate the importance of The experience of the past has prompt service on the part of made us wiser, so that we are en- christian students during the first abled to avoid many of those ob- few weeks of school; for we firmly stacles which have hitherto hin- believe that the prosperity of the dered our progress. While this is Association all the term is largely true in every line of study in which due to the impetus given it at we have been engaged, it is with this time. It is at this period of reference to christian work that the new student's life that he is we wish to call special attention, most appreciative of favors shown with the hope, that as we are al- him, for he has left home, friends, lotting our time to the various and former associates and entered, subjects which we desire to inves- as it were, upon a new life among tigate, we shall not overlook or strangers. We have not forgotten underrate the claims of our chris- the acts of kindness and words of tian organizations. cheer of some of our new ac-

It is with a sense of regret that quaintances to us when we first THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 105

came to college. There are many- Let us rather exalt our christ-

favors we can render which cost ian organization, talk of its merits, us comparatively nothing, such as make every new student feel that

a warm greeting, (without waiting it is an important factor of the

for a formal introduction) infor- College, and that it will be to his mation concerning school hours, interest to connect himself with

recitations, and various other it. What we want, is to make the things too numerous to mention. Association so prominent and at- If we who are christians allow tractive a part of the school that

the other element of the student it will actually be unpopular not

body to surpass us in extending to belong to it.

these apparently trivial courtesies, There is a great field for labor we need not be surprised to see in this direction and we trust this the new boys allying themselves phase of our College work shall

with it in preference to the Asso- receive due attention, and that ciation. next term shall witness new en- It is true that there are many thusiasm in our Association, more things which demand our atten- consecration on the part of pro- tion at the beginning of the term, fessing christians, and a richer but when compared with the in- harvest of blood bought souls. fluence we are privileged to E. E. G. wield they sink into insignifi- cance. At some institutions where rival DO WE KNOW OURSELVES?

Literary Societies exist, it is not seldom the case that the chief ef- The writer feels incompetent to fort is put forth in behalf of them. present to the readers of The It is to be regretted that new stu- Collegian the exposition of a dent are often well posted, many very important subject, concern- times by Christian men, as to the ing which just the right thing merits and demerits of the socie- ought to be said and nothing ties before or soon after their ar- more. rival, while they are completely The subject referred to is the ignorant of even the existence of study of North Carolina history. a Y. M. C. A. This action is be- It is with a degree of satisfaction neath our dignity as christians. that we note the unusual interest

If Christianity means anything it taken in this subject at the Uni- means everything, and we cannot versity of North Carolina and one afford to subordinate its claims to or two more of the colleges of the those of our Societies. state, and our sole purpose in .

io6 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

bringing the matter before us at state at present is the ignorance

the present time is to awaken an of a majority of our people of the interest on this subject within history of the state. The people

our own college walls that will do not know their own ancestors ; result in action. When one col- they do not know why they are

lege is way ahead of another here or how they got here ; they in a particular kind of work, are ignorant of the conflicts and

there is nothing gained by keep- occurrences which caused things

ing the matter quiet, and it is with to be as they are—that is, if they this belief that we acknowledge have depended on the colleges of that Guilford, as well as some oth- the state to give this information. er colleges of our state, affords no There is no excuse for such a state particular advantages for the im- of affairs, and we believe that for portant study alluded to. In the a student to take his diploma from first place there is no such study his college without having at least as "North Carolina History" laid a clear outline of the history of down in our courses of study. In the state, is nothing short of a misfortune. the second place, our well-select- North Carolina history is all the library contains ed but very few more important because the state volumes treating on this subject. was one of the original thirteen. We believe it is just possible Therefore our plea is that "We that a student could complete the know ourselves" where we came from and why we are here. If our whole college course here and bright young manhood and wo- never hear mentioned the names manhood—the flower and hope of of Nathaniel Macon, Caldwell, the state—knew more of the state, Swain, and other prominent Caro- it would engender a greater spirit cease linians of by-gone days. The of patriotism, and we would sending recruits to the far west to more we think of the matter the "grow up with the country." more clearly we see how little we Guilford needs a gymnasium and know about North Carolina's in- a hundred other things more easi- dustrial and educational ly to be thought of than its need history ; course in of her revolutionary legislation of a more extensive ; North Carolina history, yet we the history of her constitution ; believe the latter would make us her political history and the status more "healthy, wealthy and wise" of free negroes in the state. Such than any other one thing at present. a condition should not confront When this need is supplied we can dance around our flag with us—yet such is the condition to more of an understanding heart, some extent. and can sing our songs of patriot- We believe one of the greatest ism with more soulful, fervid feel- to drawbacks the prosperity of our ings, i C. F. X- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 107

^EI^SONAL. John Petty is architect for the Bain Lumber Co., of Greensboro. His home is at Archdale. -• -S.5L. Bristow has a school near Tatum, S. C. ^Sallie Marshburn is teaching in the Blue Ridge Mission School in r-J Frank Woodroffe is a contractor Southwestern Virgima. in Greensboro. " W E. Benbow is travelling v Frances Failing is in school at salesman for the firm of King & Cranberry Lake, N. Y. Co., of Greensboro.

"*" W. P. Ragan is clerking in the ^-"Ada Blair, a student here in post office in High Point. i88i-'2, is teaching at the Graded x Minnie Moore is teaching at School in Goldsboro. Oak Hill, near High Point. Arthur Lyon, of 91, is book-

Claude McCauley is in a tele- keeper for the Duke Manufactur- graph office in Washington, D. C. ing Company, Durham.

' Henry D. Rodgers is engaged Ida Alexander is clerking in in tilling the soil at Little Rock, the millinery department of her S. C. father's store at High Point.

T. L. Henley is telegraph ope- Mamie Jones has a very pleas- rator and freight agent at Hasty. ant situation as music teacher in the Yadkinville High School, Walter Ashworth is now a pop- Yadkinville. ular physician in Kernersville. Nettie Ellis has just commenced Mattie D. Robins, now Mrs. a five months school near Charles Tilden, resides in Greens- Whaleysville, Ya. She likes the boro. work and is enjoying herself "~~' Fred. L. Cartland is now in finely. Poukeepsie, N. Y., clerking for a v Nereus Barker is now a minister real estate firm. of the Friends and resides at ^Archie Sampson is a proficient White Plains, N. C. He is doing electrician and is connected with a good work in Yadkin and Surry a firm in Lynn, Mass. counties.

^Jesse N. Copeland has been an - Ernest Benbow is now taking a engineer for several years. His course in " physical culture " on i

run is now from Ramseur to Mad- his, father's farm, j We are glad to ison, on the C. F. & Y. V. road. learn that he expects to return to io8 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

G. C. after the holidays for further eral years in succession. We development of his mental learn that her school is in a very- faculties. prosperous condition.

"" Lizzie Hodgin is engaged in We are pained to chronicle the school work near her home at death of Mary Hockett Murrow Center. which occurred early in the summer. She was a student of Frank Woody, jr., has a lucra- N. G. B. S. in 1876-y. tive position as stenographer in his native city, Missoula, Montana. -* We very mnch regret to learn of the death of Jacob R. Brower, Lou Hedgecock has just return- which occurred at his father's ed to her home in High Point from home in Mt. Airy, December 1st. a visit to Kansas. The. Collegian extends its Martha Henley, '92, has recent- heartfelt sympathy to the be- ly gone to Chester, Pa., where her reaved family. brother, Wm. Penn Henley, is engaged in business. RESOLUTIONS OP EESPEOT. Prof. Samuel Collins, once ap Whereas, on November 26th, Prof, in this institution, is now 1892, our Heavenly Father saw fit principal of an academy in Chap- in his wisdom, to remove from paqua, N. Y. earth our former associate and fel- Ed. F. White is clerking in low-member, Chipman C. STEW-

Winston. He says he hasn't quit- ART—therefore, be it resolved by uated yet, but expects to return to the Websterian Literary Society: G. C. some time in the future. 1st: That in the death of our friend the society has lost an ef- Roclema Wright, whose lovable ficient member, the community a disposition made for her many faithful Christian, and his home a friends while in school, is at home, dutiful son and brother. Cane Creek, caring for her invalid 2d: That we extend sympathy mother. to the bereaved family in this their

Samuel Davis is a rising lawyer irreparable loss. 3d: That a cjpy of these reso- of Marion, S. C. He showed his lutions be sent to his parents, to abilities as a speaker while con- The Guilford Collegian for nected with the Websterian Soci- publication, and that they be ety at Guilford. spread upon our minutes. E. E. Gillespie, Ella Dundas is so much liked C. W. Redding, as a teacher that she has been V. C. McAdoo, employed around Pomona for sev- Committee. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 109

LlOGALS. David Sampson preached on November 28th. He soon leaves The shoemakers ought to be for England to spend some months. good friends of the foot ball. Reynolds has evidently closed E. A. White, of Raleigh, was at out his barber business, and gives the college on Thanksgiving day. notice of the fact on each side of A member of the Logic class his face. defined a fallacy as "an invalid Our friend Addison Coffin is truth." expected here again very soon, The health of Hermon Woody probably before this issue comes

I is improving since his recent re- from the press. turn home. Don't forget the time of the the Byron White was among Junior exhibition. It is on the I visitors at the college on Sunday, ! evening of Dec. 23d, and all who the 4th inst. can should attend. Mrs. Doak gave a supper to her We are glad to hear that our music scholars on the evening of representatives at Byrn Mawr are December 2d. well pleased with the college and A change of schedule on the all their surroundings. railroad meets the hearty appro- Prof. Perisho gave an interest- val of Guilfordians. ing talk at the last meeting of the Uncle Buck seems to want to John Bright society concerning "diffee" with every one on every the comet that never came. imaginable subject. Mrs. Woody preached an unu- Bright society seri- The John sually interesting sermon on Dec. ously contemplates revising its 4th. Her sermons are always next ? constitution. What highly appreciated by the students. returned Dr. Woodley recently The annual oratorical contest of Carolina and is now from Eastern the Henry Clay society has been with his family at the college. postponed until next term.

The "Equal Rights" Club is still A birth day party was given in under the efficient lea- prospering honor of Miss Eula Dixon, on No- dership of Miss Mollie Roberts. vember 27, in the parlor at Found- A very handsome new book- ers' Hall. Refreshments and case has been added to the pos- "toasts" were served even until sessions of the Henry Clay society. the eleventh hour. no THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Two fine specimens of wild tur- All who are contemplating the keys have recently been secured state of "double blessedness" for the museum. The turkeys should not fail to read the story in were mounted by our taxidermist, this issue written by an alumnus Guiliord. Before purchasing articles in Greensboro, students should con- A delegation, composed of mem- sult the COLLEGIAN, and trade bers of the faculty, farmer Cude, with those who advertise with us. and students, attended the lecture iven by Sam. Small, in A pleasant surprise party wask Greens-

boro on Nov oth - given in honor of Miss Gertrude ' ' 3 Diffee on the evening of Novem- Characteristics of the Classes. ber 29th, that day being her birth- Senior. —Want of harmony. day. Junior. — All sweetness, Sophomore. classical. One of the Juniors- -the "inno- —Very Freshman. Have none. cent cottonhead"—was anxious to — know on Thanksgiving day, if the Joseph P. Elliott, a Baltimore morning exercises were "expul- Friend, spent a few days with Jo- sary." seph R. Parker and others recently. He gave an interesting talk Bill Armfield is going to open in meeting on the 27th. people's eyes on the night of Ju-

nior exhibition. He says Cicero ! One of our frequent visitors of

of is was one the men you "read j late Alphonso Perkins, the clerk about." in McAdoo hotel, Greensboro. He seems to have more than a The Botany class of last spring "passing" interest in the college. had the privilege recently of examining some beautiful cultivated On the 25th inst.the Henry Clay orchids that grew in Minneapolis, society visited the Philagoreans. Minn. The occasion was highly enjoyed

by the visitors, and it is hoped a The friends of "Wm. J." are •'mutual" impression was made. quite anxious for him to appear in public soon and render his fa- Some of the students and oth- vorite solo, "When the roses come ers were quite superstitious over again." the expected arrival of the comet. The Junior class makes the fol- Some of the girls locked their lowing claim: "We are emblems doors to keep the "thing" out, and of progress." The COLLEGIAN it is said Henry Cude threatened will make its comments after the to "take to the woods" if he saw

"exhibition." it coming. 1

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 1 1

A larger number of students ' of the barn used by Pres. Hobbs. entire structure was con- are expected after the holidays, ; The than have been enrolled during sumed and the loss is consider- " the present term. The depressive able. " Richard the Inevitable effects of the election are now seems to have had a hand in the over, and prospects are brighter, fire. The only Christmas present the It is remarkable that we have Collegian asks is that at least had so little sickness at the col- one of its subscribers who have lege during the present session not paid their subscriptions for two No student has been absent from or three years, might send enough regular duties for more than two stamps to pay the postage on the days on account of ill health. paper for another year.

The Blue Ridge Mission com- ! The members of The Colle- mittee met at the college on the in ] gian staff should bear mind

29th inst. The visiting members | t h a t the regular staff meetings oc- present were Joseph Potts, Mrs cur on the first day of each month j Anna Tomlinson, Mrs. Alice R. at 4:30 P. M., provided that day King and Joel G. Anderson. does not fall on Sunday. It is important that the entire staff be number of students have al- A in attendance at each meeting. ready signified their intentions of visiting the World's Fair next One hundred and twenty Indian points re- year. It will be a great thing for arrow and spear have students, and no one who has the cently been placed in the cabinet. us is increased by opportunity should fail to attend. Their value to the fact that they were collected The Seniors have not as yet from the hills and vales of, Guil- organized, but they are becoming ford county. exceedingly anxious for some one George Grubb, a Friend from to give them a complimentary Ireland, preached on the 30th inst., supper. The class prides itself on and on the next day lectured to the big eaters it has within its the students, giving the position ranks. and condition of the Irish Friends. Fire! was announced in the He said the Friends of Ireland, as dining room during dinner time on a body, are strongly opposed to December 5th. In a few minutes home rule, for the reason that it all the students were outside and would place the Catholics at the gazing upon the burning remains head of the government. The I 12 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. entire lecture was full of interest, the day we love and cherish, and

The lecture recently given by I whose near approach always Dr. Mendenhall on the history of makes us glad, passed away, leav- of the political parties in the ing us confronted with the duties

L^nited States was a valuable and I of the morrow, instructive one. He gave man)' | incidents of his own personal There has been some agitation recollection and at times ex- of late on the subject of entertain- pressed his own opinions on cer- ments, oratorical contests, etc., tain events in our history. Some and we think the matter should are of the opinion that he "waived claim our attention. We are de- the bloody shirt." If this con- cidedly in favor of a radical struction is to be put upon it we change in reference to these mat- should like to see it waived in ters. Guilford is seriously in need every State in the Union. We of class spirit. We believe in hope to publish the entire lecture class spirit as much as we do in The Collegian soon, as'it is society spirit, and it is a question a valuable historical document. whether or not it would be a good thing to do away with the Annual Thanksgiving Day was a pleas- Entertainments given by each ant and profitable one for the stu- society and let all the societies dents of Guilford. At 9 o'clock, unite in one grand entertainment A. M., Pres. Hobbs gave an excel- during the year. This would un- lent address on the United States doubtedly give us better entertain- government as compared with'ments; it would require less work foreign governments. Also the on a to get them up; it would | few poem written by Mrs. Laura M. make the occasion of greater im- Davis and published in this issue portance and would be more was read by Dr. Mendenhall. highly enjoyed by the audiences. with The exercises closed appro- j The entertainments at present are priate music. By 1:30 p. m. all becoming burdensome to those were prepared to relish the cus- who participate in them and this tomary turkey dinner, which was should be avoided as much as up to the usual standard. Wild possible. We think if all the so- turkey was something new, but cieties should unite as suggested very enjoyable. At 7:30 P. M. the intellectual strength of the Prof. Perisho gave a lecture on the College would be shown in a truer history of Chemistry and after- light. As to the oratorical con- wards performed some beautiful tests we should like to see them and successful experiments. Thus given by the different classes and — —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. "3 then let the successful representa- GXGHANGES. tives of the classes contest for another prize. This we think There are'in this country near- would give us better contests, ly nine hundred papers conducted would be less burdensome and solely by colleges and other in- would in general promote the stitutions of learning. Exchange. spirit of oratory. Under the pres- It is a fact worthy of note to ent conditions the best orators of young men, that no inveterate society are soon shelved be- each smoker for the last fifty years has " successfuls " are not cause the graduated with first honors from allowed to contest again. This Harvard. HiramCollegeAdvance brings the contests down to the Those of our readers interested point where they do not repre- in literature and authors, we refer sent the societies at all, but to the sketch of Chaucer in TJie simply the individuals who are Haverfordian of Nov., "Spenser's left to try, until they can win. We Diction" in the latest number of think a change in the Entertain- The Trinity Archive, and "A Crit- ment and Contest program would icism of David Copperfield" in be hailed with delight by the par- The Bates SIndent of November. ticipators and spectators The evening of December 10th The Elon College Monthly re- was one of the most enjoyable of ports a prosperous work in the Y. the entire term. This was the M. C. A. of that institution. On- time set apart for the Y. M. C. A. ly a few of the students are not christians. influ- lecture by Rev. F. S. Stickney, of The great moral Greensboro. Everything con- ence of the college is ascribed nected with the occasion passed mainly to co-education and the off pleasantly and was fully up to united efforts of faculty and students. the expectations of all concerned.

Mr. Stickney, who is a very forci- The Southern Educator, speak- ble and eloquent speaker, deliv- ing of the past history of Trinity ered a topical lecture on the sub- College and the merits of its pres- ject of "Habits." He was listened ident, Dr. Crowell, states that this to with intense interest and ex- institution will probably become pressions of delight were to be a university at no distant day, heard on every hand. After the constituting one of the three lead- lecture refreshments were served ing seats of learning in southern which, together with the admis- Methodism, charged especially sion fees, netted the Association with theological education of the over $30. higher character." 1 1-4 THE GUILFoRD COLLEGIAN.

The Western Maryland College The University Maga2ine pub- Monthly contains an article on lishes an address on "The Conflict "The Sphere of Thought," de- of Forces," showing the value of serving our careful attention. It counter-forces, not only in j nature, brings vividly before us the pow- but also in I the world of thought. er of thought, and proves the su- By reference to past history, we periority of the thoughtful man are shown how nations have been over the one who does not prop- formed and events of great im-

I erly think for himself. It also portance I occasioned by the oper- sets forth thought ' as a true index ation of opposite elements. On of character. the other hand, we are taught by

The example how nations fail Roanoke Collegian gives j to pro- some interesting notes regarding gress for want of those forces. the progress of Roanoke College The College Visitor speaks tru- since its first session in 1853, when ly and pointedly in an editorial in the total number of students en- which it demands a practical ap- rolled was thirty-eight. The same plication of the knowledge gained exchange contains a striking re- at school. In accord with the proof to the "college orator," who matter referred to, we will agree devotes his attention to oratory that good common sense is essen- almost exclusively of the other tial in the make up of a man*; but important branches of learning. while this needs to be supplement- The apparent object of the writer ed by education and proper train- is to urge the need of a broad ed- ing, we want a preparation in this ucation for the orator no less than line that will fit us for the for the other professions. active duties of life. Simply a theoreti- The Swatlimore Phoenix always cal education will not suffice. brings us something good. The Book-worms cannot meet the de- production on " Personal Influ- mands of our progressive age. We ence," in the November issue, must have men and women of impresses us with the thought of thought and action, ever ready to the mighty influence which our apply their knowledge to the best daily actions and words have on practical use. our associates. The necessary qualifications for exerting only an The Davidson Monthly renders influence for good are beautifully honor to whom it is due in tracing portrayed. Much of the evil in the political life of one member in the world is shown to be the result the celebrated American trio, Cal- of bad influence which arises from houn. It exhibits his qualities as choosing evil companions. those of a statesman in the high THE GUILEORD COLLEGIAN, 115 positions of the government to lar interest in the November num- which he was called, and extols ber is the defense of literature and his patriotism in contradiction of religion against the claim that false charges of treason brought both will be crushed by the march against him by those opposed to of science. The writer proves by him in principle. While Calhoun conclusive arguments from history was one of our best statesmen, and the very nature of the human he, like all men truly great, did mind that literature will survive not feel his greatness, but was as long as man remains in a civil- glad to be interested in the wel- ized state, whereas religion, always fare of all. found in some form among every people, can never be separated In the November Pkcenixian from the human race. we find some excellent thoughts well expressed, in an article on Y. M. C. A. "'Pursuit of happiness." One of One of the saddest realizations the leading thoughts is, that the that comes to anyone is that of absence of selfishness is necessary neglected opportunities. for the presence of true happiness. As we are brought near the Four principal causes of the pre- close of another term our vailing discontent among the peo- thoughts involuntarily turn back- ple in general are given as: "the ward toward the weeks and immense and rapid accumulation months that have sped so rapidly, of wealth in the country; the vast and we ask ourselves how we sudden acquisition of wealth by have been improving this time. individuals; the tendency to trans- No doubt many of us set out in mit it unbroken through succes- the beginning with the determi- sive generations; and the inordi- nation of doing better this term nate estimate of it on the part of than ever before; but as we glance the whole people, taking the place over the past days one instance of reverence for high moral char- after another appears where we acter." failed to do our best, and we feel We are pleased to find TheCar- self-condemned for having been

oliniau on our table, and find in it so remiss even in the smallest

that which is well worth the read- matters. This is true, particular- ing of the college student. We ly in a religious sense. But as the are hardly in sympathy, however, golden moments of the past are with ghost stories, especially as gone forever, we can only renew literary productions in college pe- our efforts in the present, with riodicals. One matter of particu- hopes of a brighter future. n6 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Another term will soon be upon DIRECTOKY. us. The question therefore comes JOHN BRIGHT LITERARY SOCIETY. to us, how we can best serve God during that term. As much de- President— C. F. Tomlinson. pends upon the right condition we Vice-President— H. B. Wurth. should know how to apply our- Secretary—Emma E. Stanley. selves at the outset. An import- Treasurer— Sallie K. Stevens. Librarian — E. Woodward. ant feature of religious work at J. Marshal— E. E. Gillespie. the opening of the term is the matter of meeting new students WEBSTERIAN LITERARY SOCIETY. as early as possible and giving them to feel at once our Christian President— T. G. Pearson. influence. The reception held at Vice-President— E. J. Woodward. the beginning of the term for the Secretary — W. H. Mendenhall. special benefit of new pupils is Asst. Secretary— T. H. Peele. Treasurer— S. H. Hod gin. very good so far as it accomplish- Librarian — E. C. Blair. es its object ; but that in itself is Marshal—}. E. Marsh. not sufficient. We need more personal efforts in this line of Work. HENRY CLAY LITERARY SOCIETY. As we meet with a new face, let us give to such person a friendly President— C. F. Tomlinson. shake of the hand and make him Vice-P.iesident —}. E. Blair. realize that he is surrounded by Secretary— E. S. White. Asst. Secretary S. H. Tomlinson. friends. Speak to him in a man- — Treasurer — D. W. Coletrane. ner that will manifest to him your Librarian —V. L. Brown. real interest in his good. Act to- Marshal—H. W. Reynolds. ward him so as to win his best affections. Draw his attention to PHILAGOREAN LITERARY SOCIETY. the Y. M. C. A. Impress upon President—Eula L. Dixon. him the object of the organization, Vice-President- Ccrnie Kersey. and kindly invite him to join in Secretary—Annie S. K. Blair. the work. Every Christian stu- Treasurer—Emma Stanley. dent should feel concerned in this Librarian — Bessie M. Meader. Marshal Annie F. Petty. matter and be willing to present — a friendly attitude toward the new Y. M. c. A. comers. Simply a word or even the slighl est act may leave a won- President— F. W. Grabbs. derful impression. May we all Vice-President—J. P. Parker. Recording Sec E. C. Blair. make greater efforts in this sphere — Corresponding Sec—E. O. Reynolds. of duty; and we would urge that Treasurer— H. B. Worth. our labors be so conducted as to make the importance of our pur- Y. w. c. T. u. pose prominent. Let us strive with the full determination of ac- President—Bessie M. Meader. complishing something, and the Vice-President— Isabella Woodley. Recording Sec—Mary Arnold. nature of the work will commend Treasurer— Alice Massey. itself. Corresponding Sec — Eula Dixon. •dm^

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The Guilford Collegian.

Vol. V. FEBRUARY, 1893. No. 5.

SONNET.

BY DOUGAN CLARK, M. D.

'Twas when I was a child of nine, I ween, That first New Garden Boarding School began ; The years passed swiftly by—silent—unseen Until gray hairs proclaim an aged man.

So be it, life on earth is but a span, But Guilford College now—with loftier name And broader culture—pressing to the van Already has achieved high praise and fame. All hail, fair huntress—seek thy noble game, The young inmates of the Southern clime ; Win these for Christ—like those who overcame Teach them to make their lives and deaths sublime. God's blessing rest upon the brave young College And may she ever be a fount of heavenly knowledge.

Richmond, Indiana. 1893. nS THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

LOST ISRAEL.

It was my pleasure recently to planation that none can misunder- J read Rev. T. R. Howlett's book stand, given by the angel Gabriel. entitled "Anglo-Israel." Taking The dream of the king and Dan- the views presented therein and iel's visions were the same in ob- comparing them with those of ject —all foretelling the course of other authors on the subject a new empires yet to come. It is evident interest was awakened in this in- that this course was to be west- tensely interesting question. On ward, toward and beyond Greece. re-reading, re-constructing, re- The head of gold was located in arranging and rejecting some the valley ofthe Euphrates, Greece former constructions of prophecy was the third empire— "the belly and historic events, I find the and thighs"—and lay west of the evidence largerly preponderating Euphrates valley, so it follows in favor of the English people as that the feet would be in Western being the lost tribes of Israel. Europe—the place where the It is not my purpose to enter fourth and terrible beast was to into an argument but to call at- appear. tention to some leading points on When Abraham was called by the subject so that those interested the Lord to quit his home and go can read the Bible and history forth to a land he had not seen and form their own conclusions. he went to the country which was

I will first call attention to the afterward occupied by the first dream of Nebuchadnezzar and its nation— the head of gold. All interpretation recorded in the 2nd the succeeding empires controlled chapter of Daniel. This was the the same country, together with vision of the great image with the the land given to Abraham as a head of gold. In the first year of possession. Centuries before the Belshazzar, king of Babylon, head of gold came into existence thirty-four years after Nebuchad- the Lord— unseen by men—had nezzar's dream, Daniel saw the been working out his wonderful vision of the four beasts, which is providences. The promise was interpreted in Daniel 7th chapter. given to Abraham that his seed Two years later the same prophet should possessthe land of Canaan, saw the vision of the ram and the forever, that through them all the goat with a clear, definite, ex- nations of the earth should be THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 119 blessed, but salvation should come these facts well fixed in the through the line of Isaac. We mind and note it as something remember that after the death of wonderful that there is one portion Sarah Abraham took another wife, of the inhabited earth that has Keturah, and she bare six sons. never been conquered in war. An- These sons were sent away into the other important fact we must re- East Country along the western member, is that, as prophesied the side of the Persian gulf. Afterward ten tribes of Israel were conquer- the children of Esau settled in and ed and carried away by Sargon, took possession of Arabia, now King of Assyria, and planted in including the East Country. northern Media and Armenia Doubtless the descendants of Ke- about 720 B.C. There was com- turah acknowledged the children munication kept up between the of Esau as brethren and that they "dispersed" and their brethren in in local interest and self-defence Judea for 150 years, at the end of became one people. The wonder- which time they disappear from

ful thing in connection with this | Bible record and are only incid-

branch of the seed of Abraham is ently mentioned in history. We that their country was not subject must bear in mind also that from to any of the four great empires the earliest times the Bible record

nor have they ever been under i speaks of the tribes of Dan, Asher any foreign power. The seed of and Zebulon as "going down to the Abraham's kinsmen who were left sea in ships." Jacob foresaw and in the Euphrates valley has be- foretold that a portion of his des- com-e extinct. The children of cendant should be a maritime peo- Moab and Ammon and Lot are pie. There is abundant evidence gone. The four great empires that the Israelites and the Phoe- have come and gone, yet to-day nicians carried on an extensive the seed of Abraham is in posses- trade with Ireland and England. sion of the land given to Isaac When Samaria was invaded by and Jacob. When the Lord had Sargon thousands of Israelites es- sent Israel to be a "wanderer caped to the north of Ireland and among the nations" and as a west of England where there were punishment for sin had cast out already strong claims established. Juda he called in the children of When Juda was carried to Baby- Esau to hold the land in trust lon, again many thousands of until Israel and Juda should be Jews fled to the colonies in Spain. recalled from their wandering. Ireland and England, Ireland be-

It seems to me that we can not ing the most popular. There is a read history aright unless we get story in Irish history that about 120 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

600 B.C. alargecolonyof Milesian the Greeks to subdue them during Israelites left Spain to go to Eng- the third empire proved a disas- land but were driven away by a trous failure. The most crushing storm and after many days came defeats the Romans met were be- to an unknown coast and landed. yond the Rhine and Danube. It is The next day they were suddenly indeed wonderful how the pur- surrounded by an army drawn up poses of the Lord are brought ready for battle. Heralds were about among the affairs of men. sent out by the Milesians to ask Centuries before it came to pass for a truce and when the parties the Lord through his prophets met they were mutually astonish- said he would scatter the tribes of ed to find each spoke the same Israel through the nations of the language and they were all breth- earth if they sinned, and promised ren. The Milesians finally estab- also to gather them again if they lished themselves in Scotland. repented, but the time and man- They brought with them tablets ner of scattering and re-gathering containing records which dated was not given. At the close of back before the conquest of Sa- the Babylonian Empire the ten mariaand thesehaverecently been tribes began their wonderful found by the Irish Historical journey westward and were always Society. abreast with each successive em- Going back to the east we learn pire. The Greeks found them that when Cyrus the Great con- beyond the Danube and along the quered Babylon and was in the northern shores of the Black Sea countries of Asia Minor and Egypt —brave and invincible. The

the Israelites who had grown ! Romans met them in Germany and strong, rebelled Rhine, and every at- numerous and ; beyond the

and crossed over the Caucasian 1 tempt to penetrate into their coun- vast, failed. not only repelled mountains into Scythia—a ! try They unoccupied, region of grassy all efforts to invade but became plains and rich alluvial soil, al- aggressive and dangerous and at most like our North-Western last broke the powers of the West- plains of Iowa, Nebraska and the ern Empire. The Romans fought | Dakotas. From that time their their last great battle with the history was lost to the outside I seed of Abraham on German soil. world except when alluded to by To meet the emergencies of that I

historians when speaking of them ! time the Roman legions were as a brave and unconquerable withdrawn from England and re- race who defied every attempt to turned no more, thus giving place subjugate them. Every effort of to Israel who crossed over and THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 121 took possession of their predestin- ling and wonderful that we cannot ed home. The colonies which afford to ignore the discussion nor were planted centuries before in close our eyes to the great unrest

Ireland and the south and west of that is increasing in the homeand England had multiplied and be- church and state throughout the come strong, cultivated and re- thinking world. The miraculous fined. They had accepted the growth of the Anglo-Saxon during Gospel and were ready to receive this century has aroused the at- and christianize the wandering tention ofthe statesman and econo- brethren, and it was underWilliam mist everywhere. A confedera- the Conqueror that they became tion of the English race to-day unified into the Anglo-Saxon race would give them an absolute of England. dominant influence in the world. Centuries ago God said to and England with London as the of Israel, "Thou art my battle- banking house now controls more axe and my weapons of war; with money values than all the rest of thee will I break in pieces nations, the world. What would it be if and with thee will I destroy king- the wonderful increasing wealth doms." During the prophetic ofthe United States was added? period the scattering of Juda and Then truly we would be a battle- Israel and their regathering into axe in the hands of the Lord. We one nation was foretold. The could say to the nations of Europe larger portion of the prophecies and the world, "disband your relating to this part of the subject armies, dismantle your vast forts, point to a time after the four turn your warships into merchant great empires have came and men, we will keep the peace of gone, after the little stone has Europe, your millions of soldiers smitten the feet of the great image shall engage in productive industry — a time when the Lord will gath- and learn war no more." If we er the outcasts of Israel and Juda are Anglo-Israel and under the for a return to their old home. guidance of the Lord is not this

Much that is said and written our destiny ? Shall we awake, on Anglo-Israelis only sensation- arise and look around, or do as al, romantic and speculative, and the people in the days of Noah, some writers and speakers seem sleep on ? to have become mono-maniacs. Addison Coffin.

Yet there is so much that is start- 122 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

FRIENDSHIPS IN LITERATURE.

The literature of the world is man and happy hearted poet, his rich in the history of charming friend. To the encouragement friendships. and patronage of Maecenas we It is natural to expect many doubtless owe many of the beau- such records among the poets and tiful odes of Horace. philosophers, for friendship is the In France, in Italy, in Germany blessing of noble and sensitive have been those whose friendships souls. We may be surprised to have been portrayed for us in the

find how many friendships are form of beautiful poems ; friend- written on the pages of literature. ships pure and noble, lifting us up We turn to Greece and there find to higher lives. many instances of friendship in In England, gathered around the highest form, both in litera- the " wasp of Twickenham," we ture and in life. Our attention is find a group of friends. Pope is attracted to a strange pair. One the center of this group, " who, is a man who has left the prime of whatever he did to others, never " life far behind him. He offends stung a chosen few." Here is the Greek idea of beauty in every Swift, gloomy and fierce, who line." He is poor, eccentric and tempered his mad thoughts and unpopular, but nevertheless treads never here sounded his cruel laugh. the path of duty nobly and his In sharp contrast is Boling- " soul is illuminated by a light broke, gay, handsome, satirical, coming from a far country, the and of great brilliancy. All hon- light of the divine." The other is ored, admired and loved Pope. young, noble and beautiful as a ' Of manners gentle, of affections mild, God, pleasure loving, impetuous, In wit a man, simplicity a child." enthusiastic. The one is Socrates, the other Alcibiades. In the days of Queen Anne

It is a sad friendship in its out- there stands forth another pair,

is calm, perfect gentleman, Ad- comings ; "the spirit willing that but the flesh is weak." dison, and who that thinks of him Among the Romans we find does not think of poor Dick Steele. Horace and Maecenas. The very We smile when we say this, for mention of these names makes we cannot help it. What an odd our hearts glow with the love and pair. personality of the noble states- He must have been a trial to THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 123

his stately, correct and upright through its veins is tenderness. friend, for he was rash, always It is this that only true hearts sinning and repenting and dodg- find and that lifts up on high every ing the bailiffs. Yet they loved heart that feels it. each other, and the world owes to Emerson stretched out a help- the friendship the Spectator. ing hand to Carlyle across the The gentle hearted Charles waters, and America was honored Lamb, the loved Coleridge, the with the first edition of Sartor moody Byron, the sensitive Keats Resartus. and that swift, proud spirit, Shel- Friendship has another strong

[y, all give us a noble picture of characteristic that of the power j —

the purity and tenderness of friend- 1 to interpret, to see into the heart

ship. What these men were to ' and understand the whole nature. each other we must imagine, for Every man passes his life in the it was a relation that eluded ex- search after friendship. How many pression. The)- found that each of us find it depends upon the was able to enter into the other's effort we make to gain friends to lives, and their own lives grew make ourselves pleasant toothers. richer thereby. It was because How many are held back by pride, they were different in nature that afraid to make the advance for they helped each otheras they did. fear something might be said. If Those who do not know friend- the world only knew what friendship are often inclined to speak ship can be and how blessed it is, slightingly of it as a thing off many more would seek and allow

splendid words and worthless ! themselves to be sought, promises. But has not that been So on through life we wander, j contradicted? Picture for yourself and sometimes wonder at all the kind hearted Dr. Johnson these things. We have friends rushing with wig on one side in that we love and for whom we haste to rescue from the pawm would do anything, brokers Oliver Goldsmith's last There is no one who has not suit of clothes, while the happy had in his life some bright spot hearted poet, arrayed in bed where the flower of friendship has clothes, speculated on life and not budded and blossomed, and letters. These are but little things he has become all the better for perhaps, but it is the little things it. Into every one's life some that make the differences in life. great sorrow has crept. The prime requisite for friend- Into the lives of many of our ship is sincerity. "It is the vital great men have come these sor- ; breath," but that which dances! rows. Men that to all outward 124 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. appearances would conceal rather Arthur was the affianced of his than show their feelings, but they sister. He called him "My Ar- have left some of the most tender thur. Dear as the mother to the and touching tributes to the mem- son ; more than my brothers are ory of these loved companions. to me." They exemplified in their What has the friendship of Al- lives a beautiful, true and noble fred Tennyson and Arthur Henry friendship. Hallam brought to us? Perhaps Arthur died in Vienna, far from among all the elegies from the his home and all those who loved human heart bewailing the loss of him. This sorrow overwhelmed dear friends, Tennyson's "In Me- Tennyson, and for some time he moriam" stands pre-eminent. As refused to be comforted. But he Milton mourned in Lycidas for his turned at last to the " sad me- allege friend King, so Tennyson chanic exercise" of making verse in "In Memoriam" poured forth in commemoration of his loss, his sorrow for his bosom friend, and says : Arthur Henry Hallam. "In words like weeds, I'll wrap me o'er -t is not the selfish wail of a Like coarsest cloth against the cold ; man over the loss of a friend, but But that large grief which these infold " :t is the lamentation of the poet Is given in outlines and no mon " 'eremiah" "overall human mis- As Tennyson visited their col- ery." "As one may find in the lege haunts in later years, we can Psalms something expressive of almost see the silent man with every phase of the Christian life, shaggy head bowed, viewing many so ma}' we in "In Memoriam" a spot. find expression for every phase of well-remembered He with sorrow and sorrow, from the time when the would turn away come, heavy cloud of despair settles over tears would the soul, when it seems that all •' Up thai long line of imies he parsed the glory and the loveliness have Tu see the room in which he dwelt." passed away from earth, to the He pauses, for time when an almost joyful sad-

" Another's name is on the door ness gilds the cloud and makes it ; beautiful." He lingers — all within is noise Of songs and clapping hands of boys Arthur Henry Hallam was a That crushed the glass and beat the dear and intimate friend of Ten- floor." nyson. They spent six happy- years together at Trinity College, He turns away and longs for

Cambridge. They loved each " The touch of a vanished hand other as few men have loved. And the sound of a voice that is still." —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 125

Everything seems to remind from the first grief of the bereav-

him of his loss : ed to the full sense of immortali-

ty. through it all " So find I every pleasant spot On we see the In which we two were wont to meet great and unchanging love that The field, the chamber and the street — never dimmed by time. His very For all is dark where thru art not." soul and character are portrayed. He tells of his singing praises There never has been a friendship to his friend, and how the world more lovingly and beautifully looked upon him. We can hardly commemorated. forbear pitying him in his grief. The writer's voice is now silent.

- How does he answer criticisms? : He has " crossed the bar ' to that home where With a few simple words : he will meet his loved friend from whom he has been ''Behold ye speak an idle thin^ ; parted for more than fifty years, Ye never knew the sacred dust. with whom he will I do but sing because I must, walk and re-

And pip r as the linnets sing." joice through all eternity.

Annie F. Petty, '94. This strain is based upon human love, that rises step by step

CHILDREN'S GAMES IN THE WEST.

BY LOUISE COFFIN JONES.

Some writer, I think it was Mary all kinds, that have come to the Mapes Dodge, has said that while front in the last forty years recog- children have always existed they nize this fact ; and their popularity have only recently been discover- proves that they "fill a want long ed ; referring to the fact that the felt." kingdom in which they dwell is The generations who come after quite apart from that of sober- us will know what the children of minded adults, that they people the latter half of the nineteenth it with creatures of their imagina- century read and delighted in, but tion and that dramas are enacted what record do we have of the there unseen to older eyes. children of longago ? Thathuman The magazines and papers for nature is alike in all ages we can children, the juvenile literature of readily believe, but what would 120 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

we not give for some record of the boys, aged twelve and nine, re- child-life of antiquity, and of the spectively, have a mine in our back middle ages. yard in which they dig as indus-

Only a glimpse here, and there triously as if they expected to find is vouchsafed to us. We know real gold and silver, and any play- that little girls played with dolls mates who come to visit them are in the time of the Pharoahs, for seized by the same ambition and the mummy of a half grown fall to work throwing out dirt. princess has been found with her They have perpendicular shafts doll beside her, but we can only and lateral tunnels; they have guess that the boys made mimic dumps for refuse ore, and are pre- pyramids out of Nile mud. paring to erect quartz stamps and Did the children of ancient smelting furnaces. This mine is Carthage build fleets of tiny boats named, "The Wealth of the Re- and send them forth on imaginary gion," and is supposed to be fabul- warlike expeditions ? ously rich. This love of high Did the boys and girls of Spain, sounding names extends to other in the time of the Inquisition make objects. images of heretics and burn them Their dog, a good natured, at the stake ? We know not, well meaning pup, is called, "The neither do we know how the child- Terror of the Desert." ren of mediaeval Germany amused Another play, often indulged in,

is stage robbing. Two boys with themselves ; but we read in history that it was the custom there masks on their faces, the materi- once a year to take the children als for which have been obtained out to the city limits and whip from their mother's scrap bags, them, in order to fix in their minds crouch down by the road-side, an exact knowledge of the bounda- with pistols in their hands, which ry lines. have cost as high as fifteen cents That environment has a power- apiece. ful influence and that children are A boy in a child's wagon, drawn

great imitators, every one will by a play-fellow, comes by ; evid- admit. ently unconscious of the lurking My attention has often been highwaymen, although they are called to the play of children here in plain sight. in Nevada. Aside from the games In a moment the robbers dash to childhood everywhere, seizes steed by the common out ; one the they have invented others peculi- head, another points his pistol at arly local in character. One is the driver and says, "Hold up the imitation of mining'. Two your hands !" THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 127

Wells & Fargo's express box 1 other supplies the}' raid the town.

containing the treasure is taken Two fierce warriors, with feathers

out, the driver's pockets are rifled ; in their hair and paint on their faces, arrows their should there be a passenger, in | bows and on

addition, this unfortunateindividu- , backs and hatchets in their belts,

1 al is also robbed. Then the driver made a sudden entry into our

J is told to go on, and drives away house the other day and demand- with frantic speed while the high- ed meat, bread, apples, potatoes,

waymen retire to divide their ill- salt and matches. These things

gotten gains. were at once given them ; but they

The native Indians of Nevada, j did not withdraw. They wanted

the Piutes and Washoes are quiet ; the blankets off of the beds, and inoffensive, molesting no After some parleying they were white people and at peace among persuaded to take the ironing

[

themselves. Not so a fierce and : blanket and the buggy robe, and

war-like band whocall themselves ! to depart without bloodshed. the Pie-Face tribe. They camp The chief of this tribe is named in a valley half a mile north of Afraid-of-nothing. Other names town, and are to be seen in .all are Wolf-coming-up-hill, Got- their war paint and display of whiskers, Whirling -hand, Thin-

weapons on Saturdays, as a harsh ' robe-inside-outsicle, Gray-eagle and cruel necessity compels them and Young-man-afraid-of-his- to attend school during the week, horses. and even to chop wood and do Any pale face visiting their other household chores, a menial ' camp is lassoed, bound to a stake bondage which their haughty j and forced to pay a heavy ransom spirits can ill brook. In the val- if he wishes to return home with ley mentioned they have their his scalp in his possession, wick-i-ups made of poles and' Not long ago I decided to pay thatched with sage brush. Here a visit to their camp, and provided the smoke of their camp fires myself with a supply of ginger-

ascend ; here their tired ponies cookies, two apiece for the chief rest from the exertions of the war- and the medicine man and one path, and here roam their herds apiece for the warriors, having of buffalo, which, a little way off, ; heard that, as a tribe, they were

resemble domestic cattle. An ir- 1 peculiarly suspectible to cookies, rigating ditch supplies them with I was admitted within the camp

water drift ' ; wood from this stream and saw their mode of life. Some and branches of sage brush fur- were practicing with the bow and nish their fuel. For food and arrow by shooting at a target ; 128 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. others Among other supplies obtained were swinging' the lasso ; a few were recuperating from the by raiding the town I noticed a fatigues of the chase on blankets bar of soap, and on inquiring what spread on the ground in their use they made of it, they admitted wick-i-ups wrestling it had been taken by mistake. ; others were with the mystery of cooking, and This brief account will convey were endeavoring to make tea, some idea of the life of the Pie- roast potatoes and broil meat over Faces. an open fire that kept sliding down hill, while the smoke drifted into their faces.

REPEAL OF THE CORN LAWS.

There are certain principles of the true ideal of statesmanship, human progress which are of the and has ameliorated their con- highest importance in the consid- dition. eration of the common good and At the middle of the nineteenth happiness of men. century there were on the statute The foundation stone of social books of England a code of laws, and political institution.) is justice which laws were not only cruel in and equality. The legislative their character but even deprived power of any country should have the hungry citizen of the bread of in view the highest conception of life. That the Corn Laws were a the rights of mankind, should protection to the great mass of enact such policies as will secure the English people is false in the the loftiest ideals of citizenship, extreme. They did not protect and should protect the weak the working class, the farmer, the against the strong. Yet there laborer, the merchant, or the comes to us ringing through the manufacturer; then whom did ages a solemn appeal in the behalf they protect ? Simply the land- of a people oppressed by unjust owner, who did hot need any pro- and obnoxious laws and down- tection. Instead of increasing trodden by a vicious and over- wages they diminished the price ruling power. In the midst of all of labor, but raised the price of the calamities that have befallen food. the poor, some hero has risen to From 1430 these laws were in THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 129 existence, and year after year the public meetings were held; free injustice and burdensome taxation trade newspapers, pamphlets and increased until it was quite a se- tracts were circulated throughout serious affair — even until actual the country. Five hundred per- famine and poverty stared Eng- sons were employed to distribute land in the face. tracts from house to house. In There were thousands of homes the year 1843 ^ ve millions of where mothers and children were such tracts were put into families dying of hunger. The first and of electors in England and Scot- most pressing claim of any peo- land, and the number distributed ple is for food. At suqIi a crisis to non-electors was nine millions. true philanthropy was bound to This work cost about two hundred show itself in all its attractive- and fifty thousand dollars. The ness. In October, 1838, a compa- following year the effort was ny of seven men met in a hotel in doubled and the cost amounted to Manchester and organized what about four hundred and fifty thou- is known as the "Anti-Corn Law sand dollars. League." The league, which was formed History fails to present an or- to arouse public opinion by excit- ganization which had a more no- ing the minds of men, did not ble purpose in view. " The ideal cease agitation until it had con- which it cherished was comfort to vinced the nation of the fraud of the mass and not luxury to the protection, and until the Corn few." Laws were swept from the statute " He that withholdeth the corn books. the shall The manner of work was two- people curse him ; but blessing shall be upon the head of fold. By means of the press it him that selleth it." brought to public notice the facts At the time of the formation of bearing on the question, and by the league the price of wheat the public speaking it sought to was ninety-six cents per bushel arouse the people to action. The and the duty was thirty-six cents. gallant leaders in this movement " For every rise in the market who worked with intensity of pur- price the duty was diminished, pose were Richard Cobden, John and for every decline the duty Bright and Henry Vincent. They was increased." went among the farmers and the The great battle between free manufacturers throughout the trade and monopoly had begun; length and breadth of the land, in all the centers of industry the and by matchless oratory impress- people were forming associations; ed upon the public mind the great '

130 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. injustice and robbery of the tariff, many the right of exchanging and that the Corn Law was the their food for English manufac- only obstacle to a large increase tures, the legislature had almost of their trade, and that every shil- compelled these countries to re- ling on corn obstructed their pros- sign their commercial intercourse perity, passed into the pockets of with England and to resort to the land-owner without conferring other means to supply their de- an atom of advantage on either mands for manufactures. "It was farmer or laborer. the Corn Laws which nursed for- In one of the meetings of the eign competition into full vitality." "Anti-Corn Law League," when Thus the agitation increased, they were raising money for car- speakers were sent into every rying on the work, Cobden in- electoral district, and sometimes, " stantaneously said : Let us in- with only the broad canopy of vest part of our property, in order the heavens for a shelter, they to save the rest from confiscation," filled the country with the most and the word thus fitly spoken effective argument. And the was like " apples of gold in pic- whole nation was awakened by tures of silver." the logic of Cobden and by the The substance of the argument eloquence of Bright. The laws which the reformers produced were even denounced from the was : How can a population with pulpit as "sinful restraint upon the increase at the rate of a thou- the bounty of the Almighty. sand souls a week be maintained, Yet while the public had been unless there be constant employ- converted, Parliament, which con- ment for the laborers, and how sisted of a majority of lords and can foreign countries buy our land-owners, for a longtime would manufactures unless we take in not yield to the demand of the exchange their corn, timber, or people. whatever else they may produce. The Corn Laws were discussed If the capitalists were free to ex- in Parliament from the time when change their products for the corn Cobden first entered in 1S41, until of other countries, is it not true the repeal in 1S46. The interest that the workmen would have grew more intense. year by year. abundant employment at raised In the speech which Cobden made wages ? They charged Parliament in 1844 in the House of Commons " with fostering rivalry with foreign he said : Will it be believed in corrfpetitors, and the charge could future ages that in a country not be refuted. And, again, by periodically on the point of actual denying to America and to Ger- famine, at a time when its inhab- — ;

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 131

itants subsisted on the lowest citement the prime minister felt it food— the very roots of the earth his duty to resign, which took there was a law in existence which place on December 5th, 1845. prohibited the importation of The Queen appointed Lord John bread." In 1845 he predicted ! Russell as prime minister, who "that three weeks of showery was unsuccessful in his attempts weather, when the wheat is in to organize a ministry, so Sir Rob- bloom or ripening, would repeal ert Peel consented to resume the the corn laws." This extraordi- leadership. A meeting of Par- nary prediction had a terrible ful- liament was immediately called, filment. In the autumn of 1845 and after a long session the Corn there was a long succession of Laws were repealed on the 26th of rains —the wheat crop was utterly June, 1846. destroyed. There arose cries of Thus a great policy had been famine from all parts of the islands. inaugurated, a powerful reform Men were out of employment, and had been wrought in England, every body was taxed for the ben- and " a system which had been efit of every body else. On the proven to be the blight of com- last day of October the cabinet merce, the bane of agriculture, met in great haste. The prime the source of bitter division among minister, Sir Robert Peel, and the classes" was abolished. And, in the Lord John Russell were forced by words of Cowper : strong convictions to abandon Again the band of commerce was designed their former position. Yet not- To associate all the branches cf mankind, And if a boundless plenty be the robe, all the appeals withstanding from Trade is the golden Girdle of the Globe. the people the cabinet was divid- W. T. WOODLEY, 94. ed, and in such distress and ex-

THE TRUE EDUCATION.

The watch-word of to-day is castle-ideals, but are becoming

higher education ; the very air is grand realities, their shelves are.

full of it. One cannot pick up a rapidly being filled with all that school-journal, college magazine our reading and thinking public or even a newspaper but some ar- demand. Universities are making ticle, pro or con, meets the eye. rapid strides in the fields of science Our libraries are no more air- and through the University Ex- THE GUILFORD COLLEGAIN. tension movement, higher educa- culiarly adapted to complete the tion is reaching thousands of busy unfinished task of this great mas- men and women who cannot de- ter. That man was Frederick vote their entire time to study. Froebel. He defines education

Woman is realizing her long as that " training which leads a

dreamed of opportunities ; doors man to clearness concerning him- are being opened which have been self, to peace with nature and to locked by conservatism and bigot- unity with God; that the develop- where of spiritual should be the ry ; ways are being made ment the there was no way. But the world aim of all teaching and reform,

is in need of a still higher and true Christianity the only sure grander phase of education, name- abiding place for education." ly, man's spiritual being and the Fs there a man who would blunt knowledge of material things as his higher nature with fraud, dis- factors in the development of this honestv mere sensuality or starve

spiritual nature, "higher educa- it with material thoughts and pur j tion concerning the relationships suits could he realize the richness

of man to nature, to his fellowmen and fullness of life to be his did he and to God" Comenins laid the but obey the laws of spiritual de- first stone of this foundation velopment? Is there a woman through his " Orbis Pictus" and who would weaken and under- his idea of home education, "a mine her physical strength to obey mother school." Possean follows the dictates of Dame Fashion or this with his earnest plea for na- live a starved, pinched life for tural education and through his fear she might lose caste by doing great work, "Emile," aroused to some real work for the world? Is action Pestalozzi, who nobly gave 'there a woman who would rob her-

his life to work for the homes, to ! selfof all these highest possibilities arouse the mothers to a realization could she be made to know that of their duties which he so beauti- her spiritual needs are her great-

fully expresses in his "Lienhard est needs? Most evident is it that and Gertrude." "For," he says, this form of higher education is

"if the home is not a holy temple ! needed in the home circle, that of God, if the mother does not cul- [parents should wisely develop the tivate the head and heart of the physique, intelligently train the child naturally every other reform mind and inspire the aspirations

of social conditions is impossible." to all that is beautiful and good. The most enthusiastic disciple of Henry Drummond well said Pestalozzi was, fortunately or that the greatest thing in the

rather providentially, a man pe- world .is love, but would it not be THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 133 better said that the greatest thing \ subtle bond of brotherhood which in the world is wise love. A love makes us regard the rights of our which knows that to help a child neighbor ? to do for himself is of more value When this wise love, this true than to do it for him: that teaches education finds its place in our him that it is not what he has but homes, we will be brought into what he is, which brings him hap- such unity with God that we can piness: that a sound mind in a realize all things to work for good; body is of far more value than sil- we will be led to see the "beauti- ver or gold. That labor does not ful in nature, the perfect in art, stand for mere money-making, for the noble, the just and the unself- mere increase of worldly goods 1 ish in the lives around us, our

but that through work and work 1 whole natures will be brought into alone man is developed intellec- harmony with j the highest, the tually and spiritually; that "a {best, the most perfect." Like stone that will fit in the wall is not Froebel, we will hear and see God left in the road." A love that will in the simplest thing he has crea- reach beyond the home circle into ted, all the laws of nature will the trade-world; that will quell speak to us of Him. We will see the conflicts between capital and God's image in the humblest child, labor. Is it not because industry we will realize the words of Christ, is not rightly understood that the "These are my brothers and sis- theories of social ethics have been • ters." Hewill be to us an ever so little carried out ? Is it not be- living, | ever-present Father, cause we have not obeyed that Anna T. Jones, '88. j

THE COLLEGE, AND PREPARATORY SCHOOL.

What should be their relation? latter can exist without the col- is This a question which has lege. While this is true it seems confronted prominent educators to us to afford no special reason for some years. It will be admit- why the two—important as they ted by everyone that there is an both are—should exist together. important relation between them. There are various reasons we One is a condition for the other. think why they should be entirely The college cannot exist without separate for the good of the col- the preparatory school, yet the lege especially, '34 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

In the first place the college In the ideal college this is the student does not care to be and case. The Freshman is expected should not be placed under the to have his code of honor. He is same rules and regulations which expected—not to be governed by are necesssary for the govern- a lot of petty rules, but on the ment of the average pupil in the contrary to assume his share of lower classes. When these two the responsibility in maintaining

departments are co-existent it the dignity of the college. There- becomes necessary for the same fore for the sake of college spirit regulations to apply to all and proper, and for the sake of en- this of a necessity entirely rules thusiasm and the highest welfare out the modern idea of the stu- of the college, we believe the dent body having a share in col- preparatory department should be

lege government. Furthermore entirely separate when it is prac- when the college and preparatory ticable. school are under the same govern- When the Friends' Church of

ment, a large part of the respon- North Carolina sees fit to abolish sibility which could devolve upon the preparatory department at the college student—and which is this college and to establish high highly beneficial — is taken away schools in different sections of the and necessarily thrown upon the State to prepare students for the officers. college, we believe that more When a young man enters col- members of the church will receive lege he has an idea that the gen- higher education and that the col- eral routine—the rules —the re- lege will enjoy greater prosperity quirements—the general true and and more properly fulfil its mission spirit of the student body—will to the church. all assume a changed aspect. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 135

which was only completed in time (Lollegian. The Suilford for this issue. PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE LITERARY SOCIETIES beginning of this Co- Of Guilford College. With the lumbian year our Journalistic as- EDITORS: pirations are again raised. We C. F. Tomlinson, '93. F. W. Gkabbs, '94. present to our readers this month Eula L. Dixon, '94. ASSOCIATE EDITORS: an entirely new cover page, be- Amy J. Stevens, '95 Personals- lieving this will at least improve Jas. P. Parker, '93 locals. W. T. Woodlet, '94 Exchange. the ontzvard appearance of the BUSINESS MANAGERS: Collegian, and we hope will be E. S. White, '93. H. B. Worth, '94. fill the inside pages Mary H. Arnold, '94. an impetus to with more readable matter. From Address all business communications to firstyear its publication the Business Manageks of Guilford Collegian, the of Guilford College, N. C. Collegian has been more and more successful in every way. Subscription price : One year $1.00 Club rates: Six copies 5.00 This year we hope to make great- Single copies 10 er strides than ever before, be-

The Collegian is entered at Guilford College Post lievingthat the friends of the Col- Office as second class matter. lege will sustain us in our efforts

February, 1893. to represent Guilford College talent in its true light, whether this With the present number of the be shown from the pen of former Collegian, E. E. Gillespie re- instructors, friends, alumni or un- tires from the staff, his place being' der graduates. filled by the election of F. W. We hope to make the personal Grabs, the former Exchange Ed- and local departments specially itor. The Exchange department attractive, and kindly solicit ma- has been assigned to W. T. terial suitable for either of these Woodley, '94, who assumes charge departments from any who may with this issue. have it.

Our apologies are due the read- It is the intention of the pres- ers of the Collegian for the ent staff to publish from time to January number not appearing. time articles bearing directly upon It is a source of much regret that the work, condition and general such was the case, yet under the progress of the college. The circumstances it was unavoidable. Quaker College is growing and We were disappointed in getting has long been a permanent factor the engraving for the cover page, in North Carolina's educational 136 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

development. The present term respect our new students that after

opened under favorable circum- I going away they may remember

stances, and nothing has as yet (nothing but kindness from all, occurred to the high mar purposes ! and thus make school a home of faculty and students. [where even the most timid will have no fear to enter.

There is no better standard for the actions of school boys and Independence in thought and girls — nor in fact for any—than action is generally admired. We

the Golden Rule, and the appli- ! like to see people rely upon them-

cation of it is never perhaps need- j selves and act according to their ed than at honest convictions. more the opening of a ; Many per- term of school. At this time there sons are really not themselves, but is a tendency toward the preva- only counterfeits; they strive to lence of a stiffness and coldness appear genuine, but are not relia- the students, usually ble when brought to the test, among divi- j ding the old from the new. True, They have no opinion of their

it is impossible for the familiarity own, or at least are afraid to ex-

to exist then that there is after press themselves on any subject five months association, but there before hearing the views of others, j should be respect. No loss will Like the chameleon, they vary ever come from treating new boys their color according to the sur- and girls kindly—which does not roundings. It is difficult to find mean keeping away from them — in such people any distinguishing

and those will be the greatest trait of character, unless it be the losers who show the least regard disposition to drift hither and for others' feelings. Not only will thither on the ware of public sen- it give them less of the spirit of timent, trying to act in accor- kindness, but according to the old dance with the advice of all and saying "your wrong doings will making grand fools of themselves come home to you." All must be in the end. Not so with the men new students sometime and some- to whom the world is indebted where, and all would prefer a re- on account of their great achieve- ception, minus the empty stare, ments. The noted reformer could the suspicious glance followed by not accomplish their purposes j a whisper, and the laugh of scorn, without the strength of mind and If we want friends—and friend- independence of action to move

ship is of priceless value — let us I against the opposing forces which be friendly. Now is the time for threatened to crush them. The kindness. Let us so receive and greatest men of to-day are those | THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 137 who can have the current of pop- his own resources, he fails. Such ular evil prevalent in our land, a habit, strongly fixed during four While many seem to be naturally years at college, is likely to follow endowed with this spirit of inde- one through life and prove a con- pendence, it can be developed, to tinual hindrance to the progress a greater or less extent, in every- of that individual. On the other one. The college student, for hand, a student masters his studies example, enjoys excellent oppor- by self-exertion scorning the idea tunities for cultivating such a of seeking help for the attaining

quality. In school life we meet , of that which he can very easily occasionally with obstacles that acquire by himself. He is not seem insurmountable—and indeed ' alarmed by any slight hindrance they are such to us in so far as we which appears to the weak-spir'it- | have not the courage to encounter ed and slothful as a lion in the them, but seek to go round. At way. When a difficulty does such times the temptation comes present itself, he is ready for the to get some one, either teacher or task. In this manner he is con- fellow-pupil, to help us out of the tinually growing stronger; and on dificulty, whereas we might with leaving the institution he is his the proper amount of time and own man, backed up by a train- industry, master the situation by ing that will enable him to fill our own exertions. A fundamen- with honor his allotted sphere in tal rule in teaching states that a life. A pupil pleads that for want student should never be told that of time he is forced to seek help. which he can reasonably find out Then let him regulate the number for himself. If, on coming to a of studies by the time of his dis- lesson which cannot be overcome posed. Better succeed in one at the first attempt, he resorts at thing than fail in a thousand. We once to another for help, the habit would not incourage a selfish spirit will fasten upon him to an alarm- by urging that a man live within ing extent, until he finds that his himself almost regardless ofothers confidence in his own abilities has but we do say, let him be honest became greatly diminished there- with himself as well as toward by; and just at same time when his fellow-men. "God helps the he is compelled to fall back on man who helps himself." 133 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

J I?EF?SONAL. On the 15th of Jan., '93 that problem in real life, which con-

Archie Millikin is clerking in tradicts the rule of addition in Asheboro. arithmetic, was again solved and Robert Cronk spent part of the it was found that one and one still

one, E. . ovv holidays in "eastern quarters" make N Fark and Ella (Belvidere,) N. C. M. Newby being the numbers v added. Caleb Winslow, whose home is ; near Belvidere, has been in very Arthur Coffin, now a banker in Denison, Texas, came to his Old ill health for some time. North State home to spend the Laura Cox is attending the Xmas holidays with his mother in school near her home over which High Point. Rachel Massey presides as school AVe gladly welcome Eunice ma'am. Darden into our midst again. She B. F. Stanley is now in New makes the second addition this York book-keeping for W. Jen- term to our class of dignified nings Demorest. His friends at seniors. G. C. wish him much success. On the 8th of Jan., '93, at her >l Arthur Smith now has a position home in Alexandria, Ga. , Mary on the C F. & Y. V. R. R. and Blanchard was happily married to makes two runs each day from Mr. Hansford Stewart of Waynes- Greensboro to Madison. boro, Ga. The COLLEGIAN ex- Minnie Bulla and Lillian Hill tends its congratulations and best are both teaching in Randolph wishes. count)'. The COLLEGIAN wishes George Fox Kenned)', who was them success. a student here in '67, has resided Barsina Osborne, a former stu- for the past several years near N. B. paid a short Raleigh and is now special mes- dent of G. S , visit to the College recently. She senger for the House of Repre-

is now teaching at the Battle sentatives. Ground. Mrs. George Smith, whom the

- We are all sorry, and especially students of N. G. B S. knew as the members of the Junior class, to Ellen Ross, died very suddenly lose Mollie Roberts from school of heart disease at her home in this term. We hope that her ab- Summerfield in the early part of sence will not be lasting, but that this month. Although she had she will yet return and finish the been in poor health for some time course. she had intended sending her THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 139

daughter this term to the institu- generally, for his lively humor al- tion, where she herself came in ways wins the good will of all. her youth in search for knowledge. We greatly lament her untimely Ruth A. Edgerton, whom the demise and deeply sympathize early students of N. G. B. S. knew with her family in their severe af- 'as Ruth Rogers, is now visiting fliction. her relatives and old friends in North Carolina. ¥4 A. Reynolds, who was a student here in '71, now resides She recently spent several days at on his farm near Coloma, Ind. Guilford College and is much In connection with agriculture he gratified to note the wonderful is a successful contractor at house improvement that has been made carpentering. in all departments of school work since her school Geniyieve Mendenhall, class of days here. Her home has '90, has accepted the position of been for many years Librarian in the State Normal and in Fountain City, Indiana. Industrial School. Her friends j . It is with deep regret that around G. C. miss her very much we chronicle the death of Ottis W. but we all agree in wishing her Roney, which sad event occured great pleasure and success in her at the residence of Mr. new field of labor. Washing- ton Duke, of Durham, on the 13th ' Doubtless the friends of Tom of December, 1 892. Hehadbeen Costen and especially the class of a book-keeper for the Duke firm of which he was a I 95. popular for several years. The funeral member, will be glad to learn of! services were held at his father's his whereabouts. We are inform- ! home at Haw River, where the ed that he is still engaged in remains were taken for burial school work this- time as "school- Several of our young G C master "near his home, Sunbury, , friends, ever anxious to promote

' the interests of the college and The familiar face of " Uncle ever ready to lend j a helping hand Tom," whom perhaps some will I to a friend in need, have conferred remember as J. T. Matthews, is a very great favor on the Personal

no longer seen in our midst, great- 1 Editor of the COLLEGIAN by get- ly to the regret of his friends. ; ting married so we might have the He is now day-clerk at theMc- opportuntiy to "write them up." Adoo Hotel, Greensboro. It is One among our benefactors is needless for us to predict that he Minnie Edgerton of Goldsboro, will be popular with the guests who, on the 18th of Jan. last, en- 140 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

tered into that most solemn of all "Died, at his home in New contracts and entrusted her future Sharon, Tuesday, Dec. 13, 1892, happiness to the keeping of John from the effects of paralysis, at Bardin of the same place. We the age of 70 years, Hon. David wish for them a life with "just Morgan. enough cloud to make a glorious He was born in eastern Tenn., setting." near Knoxville, and resided there till i860. He arrived in Oskaloosa ^ On the night of Dec. 27, 1892, just 32 years before the day of his that messenger whom none can death and was ever an enterpris- disobey, entered the home of Mr. ing, intelligent citizen. and Mrs. Jonathan Ballingerand He, with his brother, Dr. W. took from her place around the J. M ° rgan founded S rin Creek happy fireside the loveliest, purest ' P - ;" Institute, a C :l «.„ *u- which after its destruc- flower,flnw^r andnHtrontransplantednl,n^ it into the tion by fire, was re-organized as Elysian garden, there to mature Penn College. into richer perfection. Daisy had He was actively just passed her 20th summer. interested in the getting up of the Iowa Central Two years ago she was happily railroad ' converted and was lts fil st pres.dent. and joined the Friends' \ He took an active interest in church at Guilford College and : olitics since that time has lived an earn- P - was once a candidate on

est Christian life. tne democratic ticket for Secretary

j of State and again for Although she had been suffer- - railroad ing for several weeks with inflam- 'commissioner, three years ago. matory rheumatism she was not He came verT "ear an election at tnat heard to complain, but seemed in time - He nas always had a the earliest part dee interest and taken an active of her illness to I P realize that she could not recover. part in behalf of the Indian race, Those who knew and loved her numbering with Cyrus Beede and best will miss her most, but we other Friends of the Iowa Quar- would say to them —think not of terly Meeting. His life was valu- her as dead, only gone before, one able, affable, and earnest. He more link added to the chain to was a model man in his family draw you heavenward. and was rich in those gifts that count for man's eternal welfare. The following notice taken from The funeral services were held the Saturday Globe, Oskaloosa, I in Friends' Church, Monday, 10.30 Iowa, will be of especial interest ! a. m., and the Masonic order, of to those who were students of N. ' which he was a prominent mem- G. B. S. in its early days: ber, had charge at the cemetery. —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 141

Mrs. Morgan, his widow, will oughly identified with reform

still reside at New Sharon." movements. In the early part of last summer ""-'In the death of Sophronia R. she had a slight attack of paralysis .Brown, which sad event occured and since that time her health has at her home in Menola, N. C., on not been good. On the 13th of the 14th of Jan., 93, the entire Jan., she had a second attack and community sustained a great loss only lived a few hours. and a shadow was cast over the We may not understand why hearts of the people. one so useful and of such wide in- Sophronia Robinson was born fluence should not attain the allot- in Guilford county, March, 1844. ted three-score years and ten, yet She was for some time a student it is not for us to question the of N. G. B. S. and afterwards a wisdom of our All-wise Father.

teacher in the same institution. "The shortest life is longest if 'tis best Her cheerful and happy disposi- 'Tis ours to work, to God belongs the rest." tion won for her many friends In the fall of '41 and spring of both as pupil and teacher. '42 Catherine Reynolds was a stu-

In 1877, sne married J. J. Brown dent of N. G. B. S. Ten years of Hertford county. The neigh- later she went to Indiana, soon borhood to which she went with returning to North Carolina as her husband was very much be- Catherine Shephard. After mak- hind in educational matters; the ing a short visit here she went people did not see the need of bet- again to Indiana, where she has

ter educational advantages, nor did lived a quiet and happy life. they give their attention to ques- While here in school her piety

found its tions of modern reform. She made lasting impression ; and at her door a large field "white five children, whose training was unto harvest"which she did not left entirely to her care attest her hesitate to enter. life-long virtues. After an absence She had a school house built of forty years she, this winter, near her home and opened a paid a visit to her friends and re- school, from which has grown latives in Guilford and adjoining Menola Academy. counties. She recently made a She took great interest in liter- short visit to the College and will ary work, was a worker in the soon return to her home in Green temperance cause, and was thor- county, Indiana. •

142 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

liOGALS. resulted in much good for old as

1 well as for new students. An ac- Eighteen hundred and ninety- count of it will be given in the Y. three. M. C. A. department of this issue.

Nearly all the old studants have Since our last issue Addison

returned. Coffin aud J. Van. Lindley have returned from the old world, full But very few pupils remained at of both its ancientness and mod- the college during vacation; these, ernness. Readers of the Col- made good use of the opportunity

, . will from rr , , t1 r LEGIAN rprobablyJ hear afforded them for skating-. them. Upon the return of the students For two weeks at the beginning they found that in the dining hall of the term the earth was shroud- the tables Jiad turned round square,

. ., , . , . r ed in snow and no out-door sports thus making opposites . a thing of . ,.. ,

.1 , except coasting and snow-balling the past. " could be indulged in, but the A philosophical astronomer of warm, spring-like weather has

the Freshman class gives it as his encouraged tennis and base-ball opinion that the whole world implements to come forth from moved north this winter. their winter abode and partake of

A new carpet now covers the the * benediction of the air." The first of tennis was played floor of the Websterian Hall, to Same on the 3'st of January, and the give insiration to its aspiring

' speakers. ^ rs ^ Same of base-ball an the 2nd of February. There is ample ma-

E. • Blair, . of the i . J.J Freshman , f i i .. i i u ' tenal out of which two good clubs class, won a diamond medal in an of each of the games may be de- oratorical contest at High Point. veloped. The Collegian extends congratulations. ^e no P e that every subscriber to the will receive an r\ , , . I Collegian

One sad thing • •. . • that happened . ,., • ri . . invitation to give something , during the severe weather which f ., f w ...,,, „ lor the equipment ot a Young will probably • effect us • later, isk/r i * -r , Men s gymnasium, but even if you / , that of some the cold bgot into the . , , do not receive one, we urge you green-house, •, • thus makingb "The , ., ^. . . , _, to subscribe something anv way. ' Death of the Flowers." ^ . EveryT one knows thattl L a good phy-,

The Y. M. C. A. reception to sical developement is necessary new students, given on the first for the best intellectual advance- Saturday evening of the term, ment, and a good gymnasium not THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 143

only helps the out-door games to The senior Preps, are making secure this developement, but great demonstrations in the way

within itself is often indispensable of class meetings, and are antici- to the welfare of the student. pating a grand commencement.

Some very valuable bird eggs One of the boys who says he is from foreign lands have just been going to graduate in '93, when added to our already large col- asked by the teacher of astrono- lection. Two years ago we my where the land of the mid- scarcely had a well-mounted bird night sun was, seemed never to in our museum, while now there have heard of such a place. The are eighty. This may seem as same one once told a Prep, that nothing compared to the number he did not know of such an author in large museums, yet considering as Carleton. that these birds, besides much oth- The Juniors are very exclusive er valuable material, has been col- this term. They have secured a lected by one student while he table in the dining room and have

was pursuing a course of study, it it all to themselves. Thus each is quite remarkable. day they gather around the "sus- Addison Coffin recently gave taining board"—unmolested, un- the students a most interesting restrained — free from cares except and instructive lecture upon his those of each other, and slowly travels in the land of the midnight but surely partake of all that is sun. His observations were of set before them. those things which nearly all tour- Married — on Friday, January as ists deem of no consequence 27th, at two p. m. — " Law and or of little interest, that is the Love." Ceremony performed in home life of the common people Moral Philosophy class, President and the significance of their in- Hobbs officiating. No objections dustries. To hear him relate whatever were raised. Immedi- about these will interest both ately after the ceremony the bridal child and sage. party started on the wedding tour, to return at examination time. The students were invited to Attendants— Parker, White, E., attend, on the evening of the 1st, Reynolds, Meader, Gillespie, a meeting conducted by Prof. F. White, C, Tomlinson and Wash- S. Blair and Francis Jenkins in burn. behalf of humane treatment of brutes. At the close of the meet- Mr. and Mrs. Perisho, parents ing an organization was formed of Professor E. C. Perisho, spent consisting of thirty-nine members. the whole of Christmas vacation —

144 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

at the College and other points and H. B. Worth—the former tak- near by. They were also present ing the affirmative and the latter at the opening of the term, leaving the negative. The COLLEGIAN for their home in Indiana a few suggests a compromise. Have the days thereafter. old style socials for those who de- It was the pleasure of the writer sire them and the reform socials to meet them both, and we trust for those desiring them. Then they may again visit us when the we will try to attend both.

Southland is not robed in a mantle Our friend, Addison Coffin, is of snow. still with us. He has made ar- Margaret Holmes of the Sopho- rangements to lecture at a number more Class, spent a greater part of places during the next few of the holidays in Washington weeks, and we would encourage

City, visiting friends and relatives. jany of our readers to hear him if She reports as having had a de- possible. lightful time which is certainly not More interest seems to be taken to be wondered at considering her in society-work than usual. Ev- capacity for such things. ery organization is strong. The The Philagorean Societ) will members of the different societies

give its annual public entertain- are enthusiastic, which is highly ment on the evening of March 4th. commendable. The Clay Entertainment comes

1 A party of our students had the off on April 1st. The public cor- pleasure of attending a birth-day dially invited to attend both. supper at Prof. Woody's on the 13th. It was given in honor of At a recent meeting of the his son, Hermon so well known by Senior Class, Hon. W'm. Dudley many who have attended G. C. Foulke of Indiana, was unani- The time was most enjoyably mously elected to deliver the Bac- spent in feasting, conversation and calaureate address at Commence- music.

ment. It is not as yet known The Girls' gymnasium is no whether or not he can accept, but longer a thing of the past. Since " if he should all may rest assured the holidays the collection room" at Founder's Hall has been thor- of hearing a masterly address from oughly changed. The furnishings a polished gentleman. include dumb-bells, wands, chest- The question "Resolved, That weights and Indian clubs. The young receive regular in- there should be a social reform at women struction, and the exercise proves Guilford College," was discussed a pleasure besides a healthful rein the last meeting of the John creation for these rainy winter Bright Society by Jos. E. Blair days. | THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 145

GXGHANGBS., belief, and confirms its statements from eminent authorities. When The Trinity Archive contains we consider that the belief in the an article on " Reform Spelling," immortality of human beings has which will doubtless attract the been of gradual growth, it is only attention of all interested in that natural to suppose that as the subject. mind of man becomes more and more enlightened new light on The Mount St. Joseph Collegian, this profound subject will be add- of Baltimore. Md., is a neatly ed, ",0 that the view wihch some edited and attractive magazine, of our thinking people are taking and its literary merits are of no in the matter may not be at all small value. unreasonable. The Wake Forest Student con- An exchange says: " The Uni- tains two articles — " The Study of versity of Leipsic will admit wo- Latin" and "Why Study Greek ?" men for the first time this year. —that demand the careful reading Six are enrolled already, and four of college students. of these are Americans." The The January number of the higher education of woman is an University Magazine comes to us important factor in civilization and on time full of good reading mat- we believe that, at no distant day, ter. We believe that every true the young women will have educa- North Carolinian rejoices in the tional advantages equal to those prosperity of the University of his of the young men. native state. The Davidson Monthly publishes a prize oration on "The Im- The Seminary Student is a fit- portance of Trifles," which was ting exponent of the students in delivered by John Wakefield, a theology who contribute to its former student of this institution. publication. The December issue It is a well-written production, commends itself by the excellence and the orator in a clear and forcible manner shows how great re- of its subject matter. The care- sults have hinged on mere trifles. less reader may find very little on its pages to attract his attention, Foot-ball is receiving considerable attention in our exchanges. but precious pearls of thought lie The Farlhamite emphasizes the hidden for those who would search fact that college students engaged beneath the surface. in athletic practice are not necessarily "fool -hardy bullies and Are brute animals immortal be- prize fighters, but rather most ef- ings ? Our Animal Friends gives ficient students in their respective reasons for entertaining such a courses." 146 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

The Reveille is a journal of lit- Successful Teacher." The two erary merit. In the November qualifications which the writer issue, "The True Utopia" and "The deems essential to success in that Exiles of Acadia," form the sub- profession are 1st: "Scholarship;" jects of worthy productions. A 2nd, " An interest in young peo- sketch of William Gilmore Simms, ple and sympathy with them in and the exposition of the good what interests them." These are and the evil influences exerted by the foundation stones ; the other the printing press deserve our qualifications can be acquired careful perusal. afterwards. "Judgment, patience and perseverance" are also need- The University Cynie, furnithes ful, but the " highest, truest suc- instructive matter on "Eng- cess in teaching is only reached lish University Extension." The by the teacher who possesses liv- growth and value of the Univer- ing, active Christianity." sity Extension movement may be inferred from the statement that The production on " The Cri- — "During the last seven years terion of American Statesman- the Oxford Extension lectures ship," published in the Penn Chron-

have been attended by upwards iele, is full of interesting thought.

of one hundred thousand persons It denounces a certain class of drawn from all ranks of society." statesmen who seek to promote their own interests at the expense The Georgetown College Journal of peace and union in the nation, contains some valuable informa- and transports our imagination tion on the "Laureates of Eng- into the good times, when, all sec- land," showing how the laureate- tional feelings having been laid ship arose, through various stages, aside, our statesmanship will reach from the early custom of employ- a standard that will enable it to ing some one to make music for bless the world and to render im- the king. It selects Austin Dob- mortal the memory of its repre- son as a more suitable person than sentatives. either Swinburne or Morris to succeed Tennyson. It speaks of Dob- We call the attention of our son as the "English Horace," who readers to " Margaret Fuller and without seeking extremes, con- her Relation to Brook Farm" and fines his efforts to that sphere in "Tennyson's Lol us-Eaters," in which he can best apply them. the Tennessee University Student. The Christmas number of Bates In one we have an insight into the Student, published "Some of the character and ability of that re- Qualifications necessary for the markable woman, who is shown THE GUILFoRD COLLEGIAN. 147 to have wrought a marked change We are pleased to find The in American literature. In the Living Stone on our table. Its other, fullness of expression and contents are short but interesting. power of description are pointed The peculiar subject of " Hogs" is out in Tennyson's celebrated po- discussed-—"Human Hogs." The ems. writer gives to the man who is in- decent in his attire, intemperate, We are pleased to welcome dissipated and selfish this well The Silver and Gold to our table. deserving title. It is an excelleut weekly magazine published by the students of the The Haverfordian, in an editor- University of Colorado. In an in- ial boldly condemns the manner teresting "Letter from Harvard," in which many universities and the writer gives a brief sketch of colleges maintain their athletic the history of that institution and teams. The custom of offering says: inducements to professionals who "Under the fostering care of play simply for "priceless ran- colony and state and the great soms" and are not actuated by a generosity of her alumni and other love for their alma mater, neither friends it has assumed the position are connected with the institution which it now holds among the for any length of time, but leave universities of the country." at the end of the season, has to a "Not less than fifty large and great extent destroyed the genuine beautiful buildings adorn the cam- pleasure and popularity of inter- pus, some of them fine specimens collegiate games. We believe of architecture." that such unfairness has been the » He mentions the spacious and cause of the depression in the well-equipped gymnasium besides game of base ball. It is indeed which there are three other build- an unprincipled act on the part of ings for training in athletics. any institution to enter an inter- The January number of The collegiate game with such an un- University Herald contains two just representation. Unless high- interesting stories—"The Cry of er principles are regarded and the a Huckleberry Pudding," which athletic sports placed on a firm gives an idea of camping experi- and wholesome basis, the result ences, and "She Guided Me," will be serious. which represents a gentleman The same issue also discusses traveling over the city of New "Property and Labor" from a York with a young girl as his moral stand point, which article, guide. political economists should read. 148 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Y. M. C. A. NOTES.

At the beginning of each term high" and so live that their deeds of school the Y. M. C. A. and Y. shall be in all cases the outgrowth W. C. T. U. of Guilford College of an upright character. give a joint reception to the new Perhaps the most enjoyable students. The object of this re- feature of the evening was the ception is to manifest the interest social, during which a number of and friendly feeling which is felt games were introduced. This of- toward those who have come fered a very pleasant opportunity amongst us with needs and aspira- to the students to become actions similar to our own. quainted. It was an occasion of The evening of January 14th unusual merriment, and every one was set apart for this purpose, and went home well pleased with the at 7:30 a goodly number assem- evening's entertainment. bled in the Y. M. C. A. Hall. There are about forty active President Tomlinson, of the Y. members of the Y. M. C. A. this M. C. A., opened the exercises by term. So far good work has been

reading a portion of Scripture. done, yet there is a field for more This was followed by prayer. progressive work. While a larger President Hobbs in a few well attendance of the Thursday even- chosen words greeted the entire ing prayer meetings is very desira- body of students and welcomed ble, yet the true secret of success them to the college on behalf of lies in committee and personal the institution. work, and we wish to encourage Annie Petty, President of the a greater activity in this line.

Y. W. C. T. U., extended a warm It is during our school days that welcome to the^girls, and made a many habits are formed, and the strong appeal in behalf of the character moulded which follows

cause of temperance. us through life. Hence the nec- The address of the President of essity of availing ourselves of the the Y. M. C. A. was full of assu- excellent opportunities which the rance and of good cheer. He ex- Y. M. C. A. offers for Christian horted the young men to "aim work and development. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. H9 aaBigiiasiaHra TRIBUTE OF RESPECT.

Hall of Websterian Society,]

January 13, 1893. j Whereas it has pleased God, in His all-wise Providence, to remove from this life our fellow member Ottis W. Roney, on Dec- ember 19, 1892—therefore be it resolved: First: That in the death of our esteemed friend the society has lost one of its most worthy members, his home a loving son and brother, and the State a most promising young man. Second That the : family of the deceased has the heartfelt sympathy of the entire society in their bereavement. Third : That these resolutions be copied in our minutes, that they be sent to his family, also to the Durham Globe, to the Ala- mance Gleaner, and to the GUILFORD COLLEGIAN, for publication. W. T. WOODLEY, E. J. Woodward, \ Committee. O. E. Mendenhall, J

DIRECTORY. Librarian— E. O. Reynolds. Marshal— E. S. White. JOHN BRIGHT LITERARY SOCIETY. PHILAGOREAN LITERARY SOCIETY. President— Y.. 5. White. Vice- President— Jos. E. Blair. President— Eula L. Dixon. Secretary— Mary M. Petty. Vice-President- Mattie D. Washburn, Secretary Lucille Treasurer—-W'. T. Woodley. — Armfield. Treasurer Librarian— F'. W. Grabs. —Annie F. Petty. Marshal— C. F. Tomlinson. Librarian — Eula L. Dixon. Marshal—Annie F. Petty. WEBSTERIAN LITERARY SOCIETY. Y. M. President— H. B. Worth. c. A.

Vice-President— T'. H. Peele. President—

J. W. SCOTT & CO..

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I. Personality of Shakspeare and Milton as revealed in their Sonnets.

L. C. Van Noppen, '90 151

II. A Peaceable Remedy. Cora E. White, '93 56 1

III. Coming Events. Addison Coffin 159

IV. Women in India. '94 162

V. The Philagorean Entertainment 166

VI. Editorials 167

VII. Personals 172

VIII. Locals 173

IX. Exchanges 176

X. Directory 178

The Guilford Collegian

Vol. V. MARCH, 1893. No. 6.

PERSONALITY OF SHAKSPERE AND OF MILTON, AS REVEALED IN THEIR SONNETS.

BY LEONARD C. VAN NOPPEN, '90.

PART I. — SHAKSPERE.

It has always been a matter of young nobleman, who as a patron controversy whether or not in his of letters, had befriended Shaks- sonnets Shakspere was autobio- pere, dazzling him alike with his graphical, whether, as Words- beauty and with his generosity. worth says, These 126 sonnets thus show Shakspere in the attitude of a " With this key Shakspere unlocked his heart." friend, revealing, like a powerful This subject will probably never mirror the lights and shadows of be settled beyond doubt. How- his great soul, the various emo- ever, the preponderance of evi- tions of his powerful mind and dence surely points to them as the also his wonderful aesthetic nature reflection of his great personality, with all of its impressionability, and gives us a clue to circum- sentiment and excessive adora- stances which undoubtedly had tion. an important bearing on his life But can one man feel such lofty and on his poetical career. sentiments toward another ? Without going into the insol- Genius knows no limit either in uble question of who was the mental capacity or in the depths " begetter " of the greater part of of the soul. It cannot be circum- these sonnets, whether " W. H." scribed by the narrow rules of was Southampton or Pembroke, conventionality, or by the narrow it is, however, certain that the feelings and the tame experiences first 126 sonnets are addressed to of mediocrity. Such sentiments a beautiful and accomplished towards men on the part of men 152 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

are certainly not common, yet ings revealed ? Yes, ambition, we are convinced that they ex- weariness, jealousy, joy and sor- ist, but only, as in the case of row, and to crown the whole, Shakspere, in persons of the forgiveness. All these stamp him greatest sensibility and sympa- as pre-eminently human. Thus thy. Thus, then, in these son- the human and the divine, both nets are reflected the workings of which qualities were better and the mechanism of Shakspere's represented in Shakspere than in mind, its heights and depths, its any other one man, are continu- hopes and fears, its joys and sor- ally at war, each striving for the rows. mastery. This accounts for his His friend was beautiful, and as excessive passion. From these such received the admiration of feelings, we also gather much that

Shakspere's eyes. He was noble is interesting about Shakspere's

and generous and of exalted life. Thus from sonnet LVII. to mind, and as such received the LXXVII. he writes in a serious homage of all that was good and mood, expressing an utter weari-

true in Shakspere himself. Truly ness of life. Although not above an ideal friendship, only possible middle age, the writer has already to a poet, an idealist of the high- experienced all of human joy and est order, the sublimity of which passion, has already probed the

cannot be appreciated by the mystery of life to the core, and prosaic and the commonplace. like Solomon, the wisest man of Such ideas, such sentiments are ancient times, could exclaim with the property of genius, and can ineffable disgust,

only be understood in proportion '' " Vanity of vanities, all is vanity as they touch a responsive chord Thus we find Shakspere, the in the heart of the reader. modern Solomon, a base man of Such sentiments, too, reveal the the world at thirty-five. And how tender delicacy and the sweetness like the wearied poet of a late age, of the most powerful and versatile a poet who had drained life's cup to intellect the world has ever its last bitterdregs, who had felt as known, and show as could noth- few had felt the ennui of disgusted ing else, his wonderful universal- old age at an age when men es- ity. Of course such love is entirely teem themselves still young. spiritual. How like Byron's We see thus here photographed " My days are in the yellow leaf" the spiritual personality of Shaks-

pere. But is it all love and ador- does he speak when in LXXIII.

ation ? Are there no other feel- he says : THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. *53

" time of year that thou mayst in me behold. That perity. But surely here in his When ytllow leaves, or none, or few do hang." sonnets he murmurs at the ine- Let us, at least, hope that with quality of his social position and Shakspere this cry did not mean at the way in which the drama was

what, alas ! we know too well, it regarded. Thus in sonnet CX. voiced for Byron. he says,

But is it a feeling' of weariness " Alas ! 'tis true, I have gone here and there,

alone ? No, he, too, can be jeal- And made myself a motley to the view,"

ous. A rival poet has won his and farther on, patron's favor. Who thus had the " Thence comes it that my name proud distinction of being envied receives a brand." by Shakspere, whether Mar- Surely this refers to his having lowe, Chapman, or who else, been a strolling player and he is not but surely Shaks- known, feels in his inner consciousness pere felt all the pangs of jeal- that his profession is unjustly- ousy, while at the same time looked down upon. And while showing his generosity by doing he complains, ambition yet per- justice to his rival, praising suades him to live on for Art's

" sake. Is it ' The proud full sail of his great verse not his duty thus to exalt his profession even at great and modestly depreciating his self-sacrifice ? And by elevating worth. Truly here see own we his art he exalted himself. jealousy, modesty and generosity But withal, how modest is he portrayed with no feeble hand. when he refers to his own Then, too, there is the cruel " Poor estrangement and a long absence rude lines outstripped by every pen,'' which grates harshly on Shaks- yet he feels that he is capable of tender soul. pere's better things. How well have Happily this is at last followed his after-writings proved this ! re-union by a sweet and by re- And when he says, established mutual love, and thus " So thus by day my limbs, by night my mind." peace is restored. Was Shakspere content with And elsewhere, his position in life ? We have " To work my mind when body's work reason to believe that his latter expired," days were characterised by may we not infer that it was sublime resignation if not by se- in the privacy of his room, by rene contentment. We judge so the midnight lamp, that he wrote from his later plays and by his those plays which have been the greatly increased worldly pros- growing wonder of succeeding 154 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

generations ; that it was in the worth and the depth of his friend- solitude of the night, alone with ship, the spiritual love of this great the stars, that he forged those man for the true, the beautiful and darts which have pierced to its the good in the soul and body of centre the universal heart of man. his friend.

But there is nothing in these But now we must descend from' sonnets more striking, more sug- these lofty, ideal heights to a more gestive than those intimations of common human level, his carnal immortality—that belief that, his lust for the body alone. But see verse would never die —which re- how he refines and spiritualizes

veal, as does nothing else, the even this gross passion !

aspirations and self-consciousness Shakspere in love ! Now we

of Shakspere. This is the man shall see this great master who himself. With the intuitive glance has so often shown us the human of genius he gazes into futurity heart in the throes of this " fitful and sees himself understood as he fever " himself suffering the " " understands himself. Thus in sweet pain of this divine pas- sonnet LV. he says, sion. Some critics have however asserted that Shakspere, accord- " Not marble, nor the gilded monuments of princes ing to the fashion of that day, shall outlive this powerful rime." merely wrote these beautiful son- This is not the conceit of ego- as exercises of the fancy, in j nets tism. It is a sublime conscious- honor of some ideal mistress. ness that he shall be compre- With this opinion we cannot hended. And again in LXIII. agree, for there are several rea-

" His beauty shall in these black lines be seen. sons for supposing that this was And they shall live and he in them still green.'' no ideal mistress, but a living, vo- And elsewhere, luptuous reality. To begin with, there are some " My love shall in my verse ever live young." pretty well substantiated tradi-

What insight into the future ! tions that Shakspere in his youth

What self-realization ! Does not was a gay profligate, a dashing this show that the poet knew his dare-devil, whose escapades were own worth and that he expected the talk of the community. This from posterity the honor which might also be gathered from his was his due, but which his age relations with Anne Hathaway, a had not the wit to see? woman eight years his senior, to So much for the personality of whom, when but a boy, he was Shakspere, as seen in his first 126 married under rather cloudy cir-

sonnets, showing, as it does the cumstances. Though said to be THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 155 beautiful she was probably illiter- CXXVIII. he tells us that his

J no mistress musical. rate, and consequently meet \ was Perhaps companion for her distinguished in the ravishing sound of her sweet husband, who in mature years, touch lay the secret of her influ- repenting of his youthful folly, ence on his highly susceptible left his wife at home and, we organization. may infer, sought the society of; Thus, he whom in our admira- more congenial women. In-Jtion we have almost deified, is deed, it is said, that Shakspere also weakly human, and nowhere visited his home only once a year, else do we so realize this as here. spending the rest of his time in What a touch of nature in sonnet

London, where, a well-known CXXIX ! where after his surfeit and rising young man, brilliant of lust, which and handsome, he was very prob- " Enjoyed no sooner but despised straight,'' ably a favorite with the fair sex, he hates himself, yet knows that and met the dark-haired woman of the sonnets. he will yield again. Well may

This theory, too, is supported he say,

' All this the world well knows yet none knows by the sonnets themselves, which ; 1 To shun the heaven that leads men to this hell.' depict this illicit passion in all of

its sweetly bitter reality. All Does he not here in his own along deprecating this love, he experience voice the cry of all

yet acknowledges its power and flesh ? But why wonder ? Shaks- his utter helplessness. He cannot pere was only human. True, but

resist. He does not know why. were it not for these sonnets which

She is not beautiful, she is posi- thus reveal this human weakness tively ill-favored, yet he loves and illustrate his relationship to

J her, although in so doing he says the rest of mankind, we could not

he is forsworn. (CLII.) realize the kinship. There is a But she loves his friend and has community of interest in the con- deprived him of his friendship. sciousness of guilt and this Thus through this friend (South- " One touch of nature makes the who'e world kin " — ampton ?) is established the con- Shakspere not excepted. What nection between the two series of weakness and strength ! A sad sonnets. commentary on human greatness. In spite of Yet we have reason to suppose

" The freezing season's colder part " that he finally conquered himself, and that saddened by this tempest his heart feels irresistably attract- of passion, he became more calm ed and he yields. and was drawn into closer sym-

Did Shakspere like music ? In pathy with his kind.

Continued in next issue. ;

f 5 6 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

A PEACEABLE REMEDY.

True to the progressive spirit of controversy. First, he said, talk the age, our government is disre- it over together and see if you garding those methods by which cannot agree; if you cannot, then international controversies were submitthe question to a committee formerly settled; and in their of conference; if that fails, submit stead a more humane plan —that the question to the church and if of arbitration —has been intro- the opposing party will not pay duced. any attention to the church, then

It is simply the purpose of arbi- let him be unto thee as a heathen tration to render a fair and just man and a publican — that is, have decision. Where it has been vol- nothing more to do with him. untarily tried, it has accomplished Translated into the terms of all that its advocates have claim- modern society and applied to the ed for it. When the United States industrial situation, the equivalent had a dispute with Great Britain of this counsel would be, try first about the Alabama claims, arbi- a conference, then a committee of tration was proposed as a fair and conciliation, then a court of arbi- Christian method of settlement, tration; when all these have failed, and both countries accepted it. it will be time enough for a strike What better example of the or a lockout. usefulness of arbitration do we The principle involved in com- need than that of the Behring Sea pulsory arbitration is no-thing new trouble —now being discussed by it is only another method of ap- the United States and Great plying an old law to a new condi-

Britain ? A generation or two tion. The same principle was ago, such a question could have involved when civilized communi- been adjusted only by the sword, ties forbade judicial combats and but to-day it will be peaceably duelling as a legitimate system of settled by an international court personal redress. of equity. Duelling probably originated Arbitration is certainly in har- among German tribes. With the mony with the method which French it became a favorite and

Christ recommended to his fol- fashionable vice, whence it spread lowers for the settlement of all all over Europe, becoming very disputes, whoever the parties and popular in England and Ireland. whatever the subject matter of the When it was introduced into THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 157

America, the idea that God would than an appeal to force. Besides defend the cause of the just was this, since these conflicts between

no longer connected with it, but capital and labor involve great

it to secure derangement of business and loss was simply an attempt |

satisfaction for an insult or injury. I of life and property, and in view

notable instance of this of their frequent recurrence, it A most ; system in our country was the seems to be the imperative duty j duel between Alexander Hamil- of the state and national govern-

ton and Aaron Burr in 1 804. ment to provide some means for | Burr, who was Vice President of the settlement of such disputes the United States, wished to be- through reason and common sense,

come Governor of New York, i rather than by a trial of physical Defeated through the influence of strength.

Hamilton, he determined to have; Compulsory arbitration is in ac-

his revenge and accordingly chal- j cord with the methods adopted difficulties lenged him for a duel, with a i for the settlement of determination to put an end to the between states. If a controversy j man who had thwarted him in his arises between two states, the

ambitious designs. The end was ! question at issue is not decided by

fatal to Hamilton, but it resulted brute force, but is referred to the

in the awakening of the moral , nation, and the decision, whatever

sense of the sober minded and : it may be, must be accepted by

thinking people of the Northern 1 the parties. If States and this method of settling [ by this method difficulties

disputes was forbidden, the con- ; between states or counties canbe testants being required to submit satisfactorily adjusted, why should their questions to a civil court un- not the same method be followed less they could decide them satis- in the adjustment of the differences factorily themselves. arising between the corporation Would not the same procedure with its wealth and the laborer in be right in respect to industrial his poverty?

controversies ? There is no more The cost which strikes and oth- reason to suppose that the just er disturbances involve must be

cause would succeed in a resort to 1 borne by the people. Is it not, violence and bloodshed than to then, to the general interest that suppose that the right would pre- such measures should be adopted vail in judicial combat or in duel- as shall protect the community ling. Even the most incompetent from injuries? It is said that the court of arbitration would give us recent strike at Buffalo cost the a better chance of a just decision state of New York thirty thousand i 5 8 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. dollars, to say nothing of the cost flicted upon them by those whose of the volunteer militiamen who character and conduct are not were taken from their private controlled by Christian principles. business to keep the peace while It is only justice to the laboring President McLeod and his em- class, for the questions that arise ployees settled their quarrel. Du- between the claims of accumula- ring the great strike on the Quincy ted labor in the form of capital and Burlington railroad, scores of and of labor directly applied, or towns were left without their usual wages, to be referred to an impar- means of transportation, and the tial and fair-minded tribunal and inconvenience and loss sustained the decision based on the princi- by the people of Iowa and Illinois ple that the value created should were beyond all calculation. be shared in proportion to the Many advocate that arbitration labor represented or applied. should not be made compulsory Objections have been made to because the parties interested in this, as to any plan proposed for the question do not want it. The securing peace in a nation or com- reason is evident why capitalists munity. It will doubtless not should refuse its enforcement. meet with the approbation of ev- They prefer to be free from the ery one, nay, cannot. But the legitimate restraint of the state; evils, as some think, resulting they consider their ends ?lone from this system, would be insig- and want to exercise supreme nificant indeed compared with control. those involved in the present The laborers, too, may hesitate method of settling disputes. to accept compulsory arbitration, The most conclusive of all rea- thinking the courts would proba- sons is the fact that it corresponds bly be controlled by their wealthy to the teachings of Christ; and employers. But it would be a not until our actions and those of protection to the working men, the nation are based on justice though they are ignorant of the and truth, shall we attain to the fact that it is a device to protect greatest prosperity. the innocent from the injuries in- Cora E.. White, '93. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. *59

COMING EVENTS.

If the enthusiastic chronologists and there will be a second coming and theologians are correct in in the near future. Then the their conclusions, the current year scriptures are true scientifically 1893 is to be full of significant, and spiritually. yea, startling events. Many chro- It is claimed that astronomical nologists are staking their all on calculation backward from the lu- the verification of the accuracy of nation of June 17th, 1890, will prophetic and historic events. carry us back 3435 years and ten Two years ago it was announced lunations, to the conjunction of that an elaborate investigation Joshua's long day; and this line of and calculation had demonstrated calculation runs through all re- that Joshua's long day of forty- corded eclipses, especially those seven and one-third hours, did of March 29,1 1 12, A. D., and March occur at the winter solstice of 18, 1 1 13 A. D., back with seeming of 2555 B. C, the truth of which unerring precision, not only to the depends on the sun going down solstice of 2555, A. D., but back eclipsed at Jerusalem, April 16th, to o, a beginning of time; then 1893- still back through a succession of William Henry Brown, of Lon- cycles of 490 years, or the still don, has spent much time in study- higher measurement of 41,230 lu- ing ancient records with a view of nations on and on to the Adamic getting a correct chronology, and period, when that may have oc- has recently published a valuable curred, twelve, twenty-four, or work. He divides the period cov- thirty-six thousand years ago. It ered by the prophesies into cycles is surprising that the scientific of 490 years, which harmonizes explanation of the long day and corrects the apparent conflict should have been so long over- between sacred and profane chro- looked by theologians and sci- nology. This harmonized chro- entists, a thing so simple and nology brings us to conclusions as reasonable. This discovery is in startling as those along the line line with many others that are not of astronomical calculation. only bewildering but confounding If the sun goes down eclipsed to infidelity and atheism. at Jerusalem, on April 16th, then Possibly the happiest discovery there was a long day, an Adam, of recent years was that of the an Abraham, a Moses, a Christ, cartilaginous or india rubber fbh i6o THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. caught off the west coast of Africa with shame at their stupidity if by deep sea dredging— a fish with- made known to them. out bones, all cartilage, eight or Of many hundreds of persons nine feet long, with a single stom- and places mentioned in the Bible ach, ten inches in diameter when all have been verified, and profane empty, but capable of swallowing history has to come to the Bible a man without mutilation, like a to prove matters of doubt. garter snake swallows a toad. The Palestine Exploration As- This was the fish that swallowed sociation of England is making Jonah. " Now the lord had pre- very interesting discoveries almost pared a great fish to swallow up every month in Egypt, Syria and Jonah, and Jonah was in the belly Asia Minor, that are revolution- of the fish three days and three izing all history, confusing com- nights." " And the Lord spake mentators, closing the mouths of unto the fish and it vomited out scientists, materialists and igno- Jonah upon dry land." rant Christians. Recent discov- Mark the conditions, the Lord eries have brought to light vast prepared the fish. It was not subterranean chambers, extending there before Jonah fled. It was almost under the entire city of in the deep sea far away. The Jerusalem. These chambers be-

Lord said to it, "go east, I have long to a remote period and were need of thee." It went, was pre- old when Abraham came to Pales- pared, could swallow Jonah, and tine. Roughly hewn passages did. He remained in a state of extending nearly 600 yards have suspended animation, as is fre- been traced through secret cham-

| quently the case, was then vomit- bers and out into sections not yet

ed ashore and revived. The fish \ explored. returned to its deep sea home Under the mountain to thesouth to remain unknown 2742 years. of the lower end of the Valley of

And now it as suddenly comes Hinom, during 1832, chambers of upon the scene to confound the vast extent were discovered. The j unbeliever in his strongest argu- extent explored up to August was

j ment against the credibility of. almost equal to the city, and still

Scripture. more of these chambers lie beyond. There are unbelievers in Chris- It now seems that Jerusalem, as tianity who thirty years ago were we have it in history, is but the loud, persistent, scornful and de- overflow of two subterranean cities fiant in their denunciation of the belonging to the Hittite period. belief in the historic authenticity Among the many interesting re- of the Bible, who would now blush cords found by the Exploration THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 161

Association in Egypt, Syria, Ba- of abuse the fiftieth year of Jubi- bylon, Assyria and Persia, are ter- lee was instituted, when all re-

ra-cotta tablets and tiles thatcame turned to their homes. Herein is to light like a sudden revelation a line that opens upon a subject

from the Lord to confirm the pro- that will not be ignored, since it phecies and the Bible history. upsets criticism, science, hobbies Written on those tablets and tiles and favorite theories. are contracts, agreements, notes The discovery of the rock cham- given for value received, mortga- bers all over the East make clear ges, deeds in fee-simple to land, the meaning of the Bible when bonds, transfers, &c, of which alluding to the rocks, as in the ours seem to be exact copies, and rock, under, or by the rock, the seem to represent a civilization rock of salvation, the rock of and social condition from which strength, &c, &c, all referring to ours were surely taken. the absolute safety of the dwellers The deeds of transfer of nearly in those underground cities. Still all nations are given as coming farther, all attempts to spiritualize, from a superior to an inferior—as allegorize or make figurative, by held by conquest. Not so those skeptics, scientists and sectarians of our race; our title deeds are are now, and will be, put to shame from equals to equals and coming in the near future. from the right of inheritance. Let the astronomical calcula- Is not this another proof that tions be verified, the Ark of the our laws of equality can be traced Covenant be found, Jeremiah's and have come down in an unbro- title deeds be disinterred, that ken line from Moses through the were buried in an earthen vessel T^n Tribes. at Anathoth by Baruch 2458 years One of the cardinal features of ago, then, where will the unbeliev- the Mosaic law was the protection er stand ? His face will be tinged of the home—the fee-simple title with the blush of guilt and shame. to the lot of inheritance. That Addison Coffin. this might be beyond the power 1 62 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

WOMEN IN INDIA.

Think for a moment of the vast Perhaps one of the greatest territory of India, covering an reasons that India stands as it area of over 1,000,000 square does to-day in the scale of the miles—almost as large as all progress of nations is the position Europe. she gives to her women. It is an

Its shape is that of a triangle. established fact that whenever a Within a few degrees of the equa- nation honors her women, raises tor lies the apex, its two sides them above beasts of burden, ed- washed by the Bay of Bengal and ucates them, and gives them the

the Indian Ocean ; and the base power to think and act indepen- buried under the snows of the dently, it will prosper. A look at

Himalayas. the nations of the world is abso-

Its position is peculiar as to lute proof of this statement. strength. They come up in gradual ascent " Max Miiller says, If I were to till it reaches the highest—our look over the whole earth to find own country, the United States. out the country most richly en- She respects her women most, is dowed with all the wealth, power the farthest advanced in civiliza- and beauty that nature can be- tion, and as some one has said, stow, in some parts a very pari- who has visited nearly all of the dise on earth, I should pont toi countries on the other continent, India." "Our people are the happiest in

This is not extravagant for the world." This comes from the

India is the epitome of the world fact that the mothers are the char- more than any other country as acter builders of the nation, and regards her zoological products, as the mother so is the son. her harvest of field and garden To tell of the degradation of and orchard, and her wealth of the women of India would indeed flower and foliage. Nations have be a sad story. Can we who live been enriched by the treasures of in this enlightened land compre- her forests, her mines, and her hend their sufferings, persecutions

mountains. and condition ? Hardly ! If so The question would naturally we would more willingly and " to calls arise : Why is it that a country even eagerly respond so richly and bounteously en- made upon us for help to send

dowed by God, is not further ad- them light.

vanced in civilization ? The poor girl in the home in —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 163

India is subjected to many cruel- life, for then they are generally ties. Ifaboyin the family dies without care. she is regarded as the cause of But all too soon the ban of mar- his death. She is constantly ad- riage is pronounced and the yoke dressed with some unpleasant put upon their necks forever. The name, slighted, beaten, cursed, extra girls are killed at birth. persecuted and despised by all. There are a few child thiefs Strange to say, some parents, in- who steal them and even the wild stead of thinking of her as a com- animals are so intelligent and of refined taste that they mock fort left to them, find it in their such and almost always hearts to address heras, " W retch at British law steal girls to satisfy their hunger: ed girl ; why didst thou not die The girls are given in marriage instead of our darling boy ? It when they are eight years old. would have been good for all of They have no choice whatever us if thou had'st died and thy and the contraet is sealed without brother lived." Repeatedly have one word being said to them. The such things been said ; and sadly parents care not for the husband's and wonderingly these poor girls qualities but marry their daugh- have looked into their parents ters to any one. For in so doing faces, not comprehending why they believe they will have the such cruel speeches were heaped favor of the gods. Such is the upon their heads. superstition and ignorance in the Under such humiliating treat- race that it will take years, per- ment the girls become sullen, haps centuries, to drive it out-, dull and morbid, living as they do and nowhere will there be a more without encouragement or love. effective blow struck than at the There are some fiery natures it chain that holds the mothers of is true, who burn with indignation India in the prison called home and burst out in their own childish the character builders of the na- eloquence. But they are punished tion caged in the dark courts in as heretics almost. the back of their homes and not These girls have little or no ed- permitted to come out except un- ucation. They commit to mem- der the most humiliating circum- ory a few prayers and popular stances, household drudges at the verses only— little dreaming of beck and call of cruel masters. the meaning or comprehending How can the sons of India be their significance. strong, noble and broad minded

But early childhood is indeed when they have such mothers as the heyday of a Hindoo woman's teachers? 164 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Does not the beauty, strength live a life of torture. Others com- and healthiness of a plant depend mit suicide. They know no bet-

upon its early surroundings ? If ter.

it is deprived of light and warmth However, Pundita Ramabai's life

will it not grow up dwarfed ? So was one of more happiness than will a child. usually falls to the girl of India. How can the mothers of India Her mother, when only a child, teach and give light to their married a good man, who edu- children when they have none cated her and brought her up to themselves ? Because of this the be a congenial companion. To children grow up without love or her mother Pundita owes her respect for their mothers, the boys hi<^h ideal of life and her educa- think of their mothers, sisters and tion mainly. wives as mere tools to use harshly This girl had a thirst for knowl- or kindly at pleasure, and the no- edge, and after the death of her tion becomes narrow-minded and parents and husband, she longed hard. for broader fields than her own

It would not be right to close country offered her and according- this article without saying some- ly came with her little daughter thing of one of India's noblest wo- to England to pursue her studies. men—one who has dared to break She was kindly received. While through the chains, dared to there she was invited to witness brave criticisms and scornings the graduation of one of her kins- and be an outcast from home and women in Philadelphia in 1886. friends. She came and was charmed with

Pundita Ramabai is a noble wo- our beautiful land and remained man, loyal to her country and to for some time studying our school her people, although they have system and above all the advan- disowned her. She is a widow, tages open to women. She has and of all the miserable lives to returned home with views broad- live it is that of a widow in India. ened and mind strengthened, to They are subject to the most in- put into practical use the new human treatment. For it is ideas she gathered while here, thought the gods are displeased and hopes to found a school or with them when they take their home for child widows. husbands away. This life is so She sees more than ever the dreaded by some women that degradation of her sisters and with they throw themselves on the heart and faith in God has gone funeral pile of their husband and out a pioneer in the education and there are burned alive rather than upbuilding of the women of India. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 165

She seeks to reach Hindoo women with a future of Christian useful- to give as Hindoo women, them ] ness before each and all of them. liberty and latitude as regards re- Punditi Ramabai would, in her ligious convictions. plan, make no conditions as to These women are often con- reading the Bible or studying, vinced of the narrowness of their but designs to put the Bible and lives and beliefs and seek some- the sacred books of the East side thing broader. When they do by side on the shelves of the li- find it they aie so earnest and brary with their school books. zealous that they would put some But money is wanting. She be- of us who live in so much enlight- lieves that God will send it and enment to shame. Their faith is already her prayers have been strong and they never allow partially answered and friends doubting and perplexingquestions have come to her aid. to disturb them. Why is it there are so many of The first Christian martyr ofius who are not interested in this

the Methodist Church of India j foreign mission work? Simply was a young girl. On the very because we have never invested spot where she sacrificed her life any capital there. When the for her Saviour has sprung up a deeds of our lives are reckoned up harvest of good for the daugh- will we not be held accountable ters of India. In the very valley for this neglect ?

where the raging heathen danced But a brighter day is dawning

with joy over her lifeless body, for India. Already the light js thinking they had killed the last growing brighter in the Eastern woman who would become a horizon and possibly when India's " " Christian, there stands a girls' 1 dumb millions are permitted orphange, one of the brightest to have a greater share in mould- hopes that shines for women in ing the national policy on which

the East ; and of it may be said, 1 their interests essentially depend,

that the little one has literally be- ' a more generous response will be

come a thousand and the solitary : made towards the education of

female worshiper an exultant con- I her women, 94.

gregation of bright, happy girls 1 1 66 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

THE PHILAGOREAN ENTERTAINMENT.

The annual entertainment usu- followed. She dwelt especially ally given during each Fall term upon the sphere of the Philago- by the Philagorean Society has reans. long been looked upon as being a The exercise following was a part of the natural order of things recitation entitled " The Bride of at Guilford College. Thus when the Greek Isle," given by Amy J. it was announced early last term Stevens. She fully sustained her that it was considered expedient reputation as a reciter." Next to postpone the entertainment came a pa per, "The Apochrypha," until the Spring term it caused a by Bessie M. Meader. This paper degree of disappointment among contained many historical facts of the students which was not re- interest which are not generally moved until the event was really known. The "Dramatic Para- at hand, on the evening of March phrase"—a dream — was an inter- the 4th. esting feature of the entertain- The weather during the entire ment. Nearly every member of day was exceedingly disagreea- the society took part in this play. ble, yet the crowd which gathered A journal, full of interesting col- at King Hall promptly at 7:30 P. lege notes, and other articles of M. was an enthusiastic one and general mterest, was read by Mary larger than could have been ex- H. Arnold. Next in order came pected. One thing very notice- a "Boating Ballad," rendered by able was that the flurry and hurry six young ladies. An oration by and jostle which usually attends Cora E. White followed, the sub- such occasions was entirely abject of which was " A Peaceable sent—everything moving in per- Remedy." Arbitration was strong- fect harmony. The platform was ly used as the best means for set- tastefully decorated and the scene tling international disputes. presented was an inspiring one. The closing exercise was "Bel- The president, Eula L. Dixon, lamy Quadrille" or "Looking gave the salutation, which was Backward." This pleased the au- quite different from those usually dience, as was shown by their given at entertainments. Never- hearty applause at the conclusion. theless her remarks were probably Thus the evening passed speedily as interesting to the entire audi- away, leaving pleasant memories ence as any other exercise which with all who attended. —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 167

is this noticeable among the col- (stuilford (Lolleeiari. xhe o leges where foot ball holds such PUBLISHED MONTHLY EY THE supremacy as to almost rule out LITERARY SOCIETIES all kindred games. Of Guilford College. The ga ne of base ball is. one EDITORS: we cannot afford to give up, and C. F. TOMLINSON,'93. F. W. GKABBS, '94. we hope to see it again revived Eula L. Dixon, '94. with all the enthusiasm of its ASSOCIATE EDITORS: bet- Amy J. Stevens, '95 Personals- ter days. Jas. P. Parker, '93 Locals- W. T. Wood let, '94 Exchanges-

BUSINESS MANAGERS : The long established manner of E. S. White, '93. H. B. Worth, '94. conducting socials at Guilford and Mary H. Arnold, '94. the one still in vogue, certainly Address all business communications to does not meet the approval of a Business Managers of Guilford Collegian, Guilford College, N. C. large majority of the students.

It is the minority that either per- Subscription price : One year $1.00 Club rates: Six copies 5.00 sists in maintaining the old order Single copies 10 of things or keeps quiet on the subject The Collegian is entered al Guilford College Post altogether. The question Office as second class matter. has two sides to it. All depends

March, 1893. upon the object in view. If it is pure and simple courtship result- There are three things indispen- ing in mutual love and finally sable to the successful college matrimony, that is sought for, editor—presupposing a competent surely there can be no objections intellect: These are, discretion, to the present system. But if cul- tact and waste basket. A great ture— both intellectual and social deal of unreadable material finds is the end in view, a change in

its way into the college journal almost any direction would come through lack of discretion. Tact nearer fulfilling our ideals. has all to do with the make up of the paper, and until the day of One of the best texts we know

spring, poetry is past there is still of for a sermon or morning col-

abundant use for the waste basket. lection talk is, "Man wants but little here below." Transpose this Base ball seems to be on a gen- sentence in any imaginable way

eral decline throughout the coun- and the sentiment will still be

try. It has within the last year or contentment. But there is very so lost much of its exciting inter- often a misception of the meaning est and fascination. Especially of contentment. It does not at i68 THE GUILFORD COLLEGAIN. all mean a state of inactivity, of kept within the limits of common ease, of ignorance. No person in sense, but this seems almost im- a civilized country can have true possible, and after it passes beyond contentment over ignorance. the common sense limit it is al- True contentment is contentment most sure to breed corruption in over our surroundings, circum- some form or other. stances and advantages in life, We desire to lend a helping after we have made our greatest hand toward hastening the down- efforts to place ourselves in the fall of the whole system, because midst of all that is best and high- a student undertaking a college est in life. course has no time to fool away There must be action in a right in the practice of scheming, which channel as a condition for true has nothing elevating, refining or contentment. educating about it. If scheming could always be open and public,

Society drumming at this insti- still it could not be looked upon as tution has, within the knowledge adding reputation to the schemer of the writer, sprung into exist- or as in any way benefitting the ence, attained its normal and one schemed. But the greater part healthy growth, and has now about of such work is accomplished in reached its final stage oi over- the lone watches of the night, on growth. It is one of our " free rail fences, in dark corners and institutions" and one in which all behind closed doors, or wherever of us can engage at will. Yet we the opposing forces arc not. It believe that nine-tenths of the very often places a new student students here at present would be in a perplexing position, and some willing to see this practice—free are doubtless almost persuaded to as it is —overrun and blotted out join all the societies to get rid of of existence. the racket. The only obstacle in the way is The custom is simply abomina- the seemingly unanswerable ques- ble! Would that it could reach a tion, How shall it be done ? We stage so abnormal as to cause its

believe if it is not done very soon own destruction! It cannot be the practice will become a serious tolerated much longer in our col- hindrance to the welfare of the leges, and should have fared the societies, the students and the same fate as hazing. College stu- college. The tendency in this dents have no time to meddle in

direction is already apparent. scheming, and it requires time to Healthy rivalry between socie- carry out its purposes. The wor-

ties is a thing when it can be riment and disgust connected with good j —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 169 it oftentimes overbalances the en- daughters. There are probably joyment one receives from attend- as many Presbyterian girls as ing the society meetings. boys, and for the training they The practice of scheming is have had, just as intellectual. usually kept up half of each term, These girls are responsible crea- or just as long as there is material tures, many of them will live noble to work on. lives. The course of human We venture the belief that if it events will have it that a number is tolerated much longer it will be will aid in making some Presbyte- nothing less than degrading to rian homes happy. If for nothing engage in it. more, why not give them the developement that will make them

The girls of North Carolina are congenial companions? Just so it thankful for all the advantages is with almost every denomina- they have had in the line of edu- tion. It is to be supposed that cation. Though once, proficiency the directors of these sectarian in needlework, music and art was schools are doing what they think considered enough, the time is best, but even then there is many now rapidly nearing that will no a poor girl losing what she justly more demand this, but rather, deserves. practical knowledge. Every col- It has been rumored that there lege that has assisted in the de- is an undercurrent of thought in velopement Of North Carolina's favor of allowing girls to enter daughters deserves credit for its some, if not all, of our denomina- work, for by the education of the tional colleges. We from Guil- mothers have not the sons been ford give that our hearty approval, helped? We are glad that our peo- inasmuch as co-education has been ple are thinking that the advan- the basis of our work since 1837, tages of the young women are too and surely it has not been a fail- limited. A striking proof of this ure. Equal advantages has been opinion is seen in the Normal and the watchword since twenty-five Industrial School in Greensboro, boys and twenty-five girls entered to which the state has appropri- New Garden Boarding School the ated generously. first year of its existence. Co- There are denominational education means equal advan- schools in our midst—and we do tages, though equal advantages not say these have not been suc- may not mean co-education. The cessful and the plan is not good girls will be thankful for either. but there are too few that give The latter has not proven fatal to alike to their sons and to their the great majority of young wo- I JO THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. men that have attended N. G. B. ma, is not aspiring toward the S., for with a purpose in view they the highest end. In the stern re- have not allowed the so-called alities of life he will need more "all absorbing- subject of boys" to practical learning, combined with remain as interesting as at first. that which has been obtained at The few that here, under con- college. The information gained scientious teachers, have not de- from the text-books is important, veloped into strong characters, but the exercise of mind called would not have been fit subjects forth in getting that information to have been sent to battle with must not be overlooked. The the world without experience at mental drill undergone in master- all. In short, Guilford College ing the intricate subject of math- testifies in word to its approval of ematics will prove of great value equal advantages for boys and in solving the difficult problems girls, and in deed to the practica- of life. The main object of the bility and success of co-education. work in the history class is not to teach the pupils certain facts and Some people have the mistaken dates in connection with that sub- idea that education consists of a ject, but rather to instruct them certain amount of learning which how to make a systematic and one obtains at school. more extensive study of that When a person has finished a branch in the future. The scien- college course he is commonly re- tific student is by no means mas- garded as being fully equipped ter of his line of study at the to enter upon that calling for time he leaves his alma mater. which he has been preparing. On Vast fields of unexplored truths the contrary, education is not in science still lie open for inves- simply knowledge stored away tigation. He who devotes his for future use. It is the work of a time in school to literature and life-time. The old saying, " Live classic writings is only laying the and learn," still holds true. The foundation for a more comprehen- more knowledge we gain the sive study of ancient and modern greater does the realm of the un- authors; while the labor spent in known appear. The student who getting the thought from the pro- labors merely with the view of ac- ductions in foreign languages is a quiring what book-learning his great means of strengthening the institution can give him, and looks mind. Therefore a college course forward with an all-absorbing de- is really a training which enables light to the day when he can re- us to employ present knowledge ceive with high honors his diplo- in accumulating more, and at the THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 171 same time teaches how to put into of all dead beats. While we should practical use what has been be charitable toward all who learned. Education is a process, are laboring under a delusion and not a result. The person who, on who think they are doing good finishing a four years' course at a when they are really doing the college or university, thinks him- contrary, still we believe that the self to know everything worth dead beat is so distinguished for knowing, clearly proves that he his unappreciated services that he knows nothing. Good recitations could realize his unimportant po- and high grades are very desira- sition enough to lower his colors ble and must not be undervalued, without formal notice being serv- but they must be used only as a ed on him. means to a higher end.

Journalism in North Carolina is

There is a certain class of boys looming up from the background. at almost every college that goes Never in the history of our state by the name of "dead beats.' has there been such marked im- They think they are good matured provement in the journalistic field

fellows, and that it is a part of as has been shown within the past their daily duty to goto the room two years. Our people are be- of some fellow student and pro- ginning to see that the journalist ceed to give an account of all the makes the journal. Better and nonsense that they have learned more competent men are coming since "the last meeting." Such to the front in this profession in fellows as these are constantly North Carolina, and here lies the

raising their own opinion of them- whole secret. The press is be- selves, while others' opinion of coming more conservative, more them is in an equal degree being cosmopolitan and more reliable. lowered. The people place more confidence It is the dead beat that is al- in the press of the state than in ways borrowing stamps with no former years, and so long as this

intention of ever returning them. confidence is not betrayed we may It is the dead beat that is always expect more permanent results borrowing money, with the inten- and more lasting honors to those tion of returning it if it is abso- who enlist in the ranks of the pro- lutely convenient. In fact it is fession. North Carolina needs a the dead beat that is always put- dozen well equipped editors far ting himself in the way of others more than two hundred who start and at the most inopportune times. out simply to experiment. The parasite is usually the worst 172 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

SEASONAL. perous school at Berlin, Virginia We are glad to learn that she ex-

Janie Holcombe is attending pects to return to Guilford next year. school at HatCreek T Virginia. student here Joel Woodward is a book-keep- Joseph Mitchell, a er in Americus, Georgia. many years ago, is now a commission merchant in Wilmington, B. Wilson is teaching school J. N.C. at Henderson, N. C. " W. M. Jarrell has taken charge Jos. B. Worth, a student here in of the Jarrell House in High Point, N. G. B. S. days, is now an ice N. C, and as proprietor of the dealer in Petersburg, Va. same is entertaining a goodly num- Ethel Diffie is assisting her ber of guests. mother as clerk in their store at Because, of the illness of her Central Falls, N. C. mother, Maggie Hancock was pre- Ella Cole, a student of N. G. B. vented from returning to school

S., is now at the Normal and In- this term. She is still at her home dustrial School at Greensboro. in Wentworth.

Dora Frazier is teaching school A. D. Cowles has for some years at Reynolds' school house, near served the people of Statesville as Centre, N. C. Post Master. He was a pupil here along with his two brothers C. D. Chas. Osborne is employed as and D. Cowles in 1868 and 1869, one of the clerks in the Post Office J. and still maintains an interest in at Greensboro. the college. D. W. Coltrane, who was in at- Walter W. Mendenhall, '92, has tendance here last term, is engaged the position of General Secretary in selling fruit trees in South Car- of the Young Men's Christian As- olina. sociation of Greensboro. Persons a of the S. H. Hodgin, member visiting the Y. M. C. A. Hall will class, is spend- present Sophomore always find him on hand and rea- at his home, near ing this year dy to please. Sumner, N. C. Herbert A.Tomlinson was mar- a position as John Lowe has ried on the 28th of February to clerk in the dry goods establish- Myrtle Freeman, of Archdale. ment of W. G. Penry, of Lexing- The former once attended N. G. ton, N. C. B. S., and the latter was a late stu- of Guilford Gollege. They Dora J. Bradshaw has a pros- dent THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 173 will reside at Archdale. We trust LiOGALS. that the strong manhood of the husband and the youth and liveli- To the Pilot ? ness of the wife may combine to The Seashore ? make their married life what true unions should be. Or the Land of the Sky ? H. W. Reynolds, who has been A Ticket Agent at last. at Guilford College for several And why not a telegraph office? terms, and was a member of the Telephone connection with present Senior Class, has abandon- Greensboro is possible. ed school work and gone to Colo- ma, Indiana, where he will engage Dr. Rowe was at the College for several in some kind of business. days during February.

Roland H. Hayes, so long iden- Unus has become proficient in " " tified with the "Triumvirate" of unpicking locks. college, Guilford received license The five r's : rub-rub-rub-rub- the Supreme Court in from Febru- roseola ! ary last, to practice law. We hope A series of meetings was held that he enjoys his profession which here recently by Wm. Thornburg, he has since childhood desired to of Salem, Ohio. enter; also that he may prove as President incorrect the idea of his childhood Hobbs gave an en- that to be a lawyer one must de- couraging talk on base ball at a viate from the truth. recent morning collection.

On the3ist of January, IdaVail, A large quantity of ice was of Charlotte, N. C, was married stored away for future reference during the cold to Rev. Samuel M. Johnson, a weather. prominent minister of Denver, W. N. Elder, of Randolph Colorado. The bride will be re- County visited his son Gaither membered by many Guilford stu- several days ago. dents as a very popular and accomplished young woman. After The only child of George W. the marriage the bridal pair spent White was buried here on Febru- a few weeks in Florida and Cuba, ary 27th. and returning by way of Charlotte removed to their home at 1905 On the evening of March 1st Ogden street, Denver. The best the Senior class gave a compli- wishes of many hearts—co-labor- mentary spread. ers in W. C. T. U. work, schoolmates and friends — follow the A blue heron, a red throated bride to her Western home. loon and ten beautiful and valua- 174 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. ble species of duck have been to King Hall on February 22nd mounted for the Museum since we were reminded that this was our last issue. Washington's birthday. Thus the day was celebrated. The Seniors are considering the propriety of having class day ex- Apparatuses are being secured ercies. for the Gymnasium in the Y. M. C. A. Hall. Edwood Reynolds is getting up Marion Woodward a club for photographs to be taken is director in charge. Greensboro. by Alderman of A member of the Astronomy

It is time that the Literary So- class has lost sleep of late endeav- cieties were securing some one to oring to find out which side of the deliver the annual address before North pole is the South side. the Societies. Addison Coffin and Gilbert We were pleased to see Roella Pearson represented Guilford at Petty at the College for a short the Fish and Oyster Fair at New while on the 27th of February. Berne.

A " History of Haverford Col- E. E. Gillespie spent two days in " lege is a recent addition to the Durham recently in the interest of Library. funds for the Y. M. C. A. Hall. He met with reasonable success. A Glee Club composed of members from both sides of the house Miss Blanche Armfield accom- would add life to the remaining panied by two younger brothers three months of the term. came over to the College for the

"Robert's Rules of Order" Philagorean Entertainment. sticketh closer than a brother to Dr. Burton, a prominent phy- certain Juniors—even closer than sician of High Point, visited his the parties stick to the rules. daughter at the College on March 4th. A second meeting of College Presidents was held in Raleigh Ottis and Walter Mendenhall recently. President Hobbs at- were called home recently on ac- tended. count of the death of their grand- mother. Senior orations are due six weeks previous to June 1st. We We understand that the Senior hope this is intended as a means Preparatory Class will deliver to shorten their length. original productions at the time of their closing exercises in May. As a half dozen couples strolled up the plank walk from Founders' The Clay's have issued hand- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 175 some invitations for their Annual Addison Coffin delivered lect- Entertainment which occurs on ures on his travels at High Point April 1st. and Archdale recently. The proceeds were turned into the fund Gertrude W. Mendenhall is a for the girls' gymnasium. frequent visitor at the College

nowadays and is always welcomed The White beau lost by one of by her relatives and friends. the Seniors recently was found on the evening of the Philagorean T. L. Kenneday, a student of entertainment, much to the de- N. G. B. S. in 1880 has been light of the owner.

spending a few days at the Col- i lege with relatives. Ragsdale commenced taking the A B course at the E. D. Stanford of the class of beginning of the present term and '91 called at the College a few seems much pleased with it hours on Feb-iuary 27th. was He thus far. He hopes to take his on his way home from Raleigh. diploma.

I Our last i3sue should have given j The Trustees present at their notice of the fact that B. Y. Ed- recent meeting were, E. E. Men- wards has moved his family to denhall, D. W. C. Benbow, A. J. Greensboro where he runs a Tomlinson, J. Van. Lindley, boarding house. Daniel Worth, M. Hammond, Dr.

The plow has played havoc J. J. Cox, David White and Jere- with another tennis court. This miah Cox. time the court east of Archdale j Weston R. Gales, the assistant

Hall has suffered the inevitable i State Secretary of the Y. M. C. A., fate. visited the College on March 10th, and remained with us several We learn that David White will days. held a of again return to his home at the He number meetings; resulted in College in the near future. Pres- which more than twen- ident Cleveland probably knows ty conversions.

the exact date. Professor Prey, who is well known at nearly all the Colleges Two thirds of the mud carried throughout the country, gave a to King Hall in bad weather most interesting entertainment on comes from the detestable muddy the evening of February 25th. shows the connected place where the walk from Arch- He humbug with sleight of hand, mesmerism, dale and the main road intersect. spiritualism, etc., in a manner It is useless to say that the mat- highly amusing. We hope he will ter should be remedied. come again. 176 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

GX6HANGES. words, as it is to have an understanding of human nature without The Earlhaviite and Phocnixian, an acquaintance with men and

j published by the students of Earl- women." College, the the ham former by \ The Mnemosynean comes to us boys and the latter by the girls, from the Empire State of theSouth. are two of our best exchanges. Within its columns is found much to attract the attention of the

We are glad to greet as one of I reader. On the first page is our. exchanges The Wesleyau Ad-\ "A Midnight Reverie," a beautiful vance. This is a well gotten up, poem written on the "Star-lit Hea- college journal, yet we think that vens," "The Spirit of Criticism," the duties are too light for a staff "A Purpose in Life," "Character," of eight. and "The Two Roads," are sub- The Academy is a fair represen- jects well treated, and the careful tative of that renowned institution study of these would well repay of learning, "Salem Female Acad- those entering upon the threshold emy," which has ever maintained of life. a reputation for careful training, The Elon College Monthly for and the paper certainly does credit January is quite an improvement to the young ladies that edit it. over any of the back issues that The NortJi Carolina Teacher we have seen. The subjects in always gives us something worth the table of contents promise knowing concerning education. reading matter that contains both Among the many interesting ar- thought and instruction. One

ticles of the February number is thing about the Monthly especially a biographical sketch of that em- to be admired is that the material inent jurist. William Gaston, the for its make-up is contributed by author of the " Old North State," the students. We think an Ex- the song so dear to North Caro- change Department would add linians. much to the improvement already made. The Western Maryland Monthly gives us some instructive "Lessons To all our readers, especially on Words." The origin and his- those that have a poetic talent tory of many of the words in com- and would like to know some- mon use are given, and the writer thing of the "Power of Poetry," asserts that " it is as impossible we recommend the reading of an to have a clear understanding of article in the Randolph Macon language without a knowledge of Monthly on that subject. The 1

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 177

elegant manner in which it is ing and instructive. The manner treated proves conclusively that of conferring degrees in the Eng- the writer is master of the subject. lish Universities is clearly set forth Not only is it true that poetry in an article on " Degree Day at gives to us a broader field for Oxford." The writer contrasts thought and action, and elevates the systematic method adopted by the human soul, but it brings us American colleges and universi- in closer contact with our " J Ma- ties with the English method, ker" by interpreting the "handy- which is of ancient prestige and work of nature." much resembles the "ceremony of conferring knighthood." j In the In reading The Moore s Hill same issue is an article Collegian we were specially im- j describing an impressive and romantic pressed with the article on "The journey "Around the College Man in Politics." From Haunts of Wordsworth," this we learn that those who have which fills our minds with lofty thoughts, held prominent positions in polit- thrills our hearts with higher ical life, those who have wielded aspirations and kindles within us a such a powerful influence in form- burning desire to know more of ing our government and in sha- the beauties of nature. "The ping the destinies of this great Poor in our Cities," " The people, were college graduates. Fate of an Unfor- tunate Young "Up to 1849, n °t a single man Man,'' and "Mor- gan's Mediaeval Art," had occupied the vice president's are the titles of excellent productions. chair who was not college bred.'' All of our presidents, vice presi- The Trinity Archive, in an editorial, dents and cabinet officers, with a severely complains of the few exceptions, have been college evils that the " drumming system" has graduates. From this it is evi- wrought at that institution, and dent that the future management suggests as a remedy that it of our government will be largely would be wise for the " Board of in the hands of college men. Trustees to run a line through the state Then why do not our institutions and assign each society its devote more attention to the par- territory." It is to be inferred ticular study of political science? from the editorial that such a method resorted to by the socie- The Swarthmore Phoenix holds ties to increase their membership a prominent position among the has been very disastrous for the college journals. The January' good of the institution, has caused issue contains a number of arti- the society fee to be reduced to a cles which are highly entertain- mere trifle, and has aroused "sus- 178 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

picion and animosity" where real WEBSTERIAN LITERARY SOCIETY. friendship should exist. The COL- President— H. B. Worth. LEGIAN agrees with the Archive Vice-President— T. H. Peele. Secretary — H. A. White. in condemning such a system, and Asst. Secretary—J. W. Woody, Jr. can heartily sympathize with Trin- Treasurer- F. W. Grabbs. Librarian— H. A. White. ity, for she is not the only college Marshal—T. G. Pearson. that suffers from such an ignomin-

ious practice. We do not want it HENRY CLAY LITERARY SOCIETY. to be understood that a member should not be loyal to and work President— E. O. Reynolds. Vice-President— J. O. Ragsdale. for his society, but we do severe- Secretary—Wm. Armfield. ly condemn any one that will use Asst. Secretary—W. H. Wheeler. Treasurer W. Carrell. unjust and dishonest means to — J. Libiarian — E. O. Reynolds. persuade a new student into a so- Marshal— W . G. Wiley. ciety. We credit each student with common sense, and take it PHILAGOREAN LITERARY SOCIETY. for granted that after having visit- President— Eula L. Dixon. ed both societies he is capable of Vice-President^ Mattie D. Washburn. deciding for himself which one he Secretary— Lucille Armfield. ought to join without being an- Treasurer—Annie F. Petty. Librarian — Eula L. Dixon. noyed by the harangues of "dead Marshal— Annie F. Petty. beats" of the societies. Moreover, experience has taught us that the Y. M. C A. class of students that is easily influenced to join a society do not President— C. F. Tomlin?on. Vice-President J. P. Parker. amount to much after they become — Recording Sec—T. G. Pearson. members. Corresponding Sec— E. S. White. Treasurer— O. E. Mendenhall.

DIRECTORY. Y. w. c. T. u. JOHN BRIGHT LITERARY SOCIETY.

President— E. 3. White. President—Addie Wilson. Isabella Woodley. Vice-President— Jos. E. Blair. Vice-President— Secretary— Mary M. Petty. Recording Sec— Callie Stanley. Treasurer—W. T. Woodley. Treasurer—Eula L. Dixon. Librarian —F. W. Grabbs. Corresponding Sec— Mattie D. Wash- Marshal—C. F. Tomlinson. burn. COlsTTElSTTS.

I. Personality of Shakspere and of Milton as revealed in their Sonnets

By L. C. Van Noppen, '90 179

II. Adrift in a Storm at Sea. By Addison Coffin . 184

III. Is It A Duty ? By J. P. PARKER, '93, 190

IV. Interesting Localities Mentioned in Shakspere's Richard III. By E.

M. Wilson, '92 193

V. Scandals. C F. T 199

VI. The Henry Clay Entertainment 201

VII. Editorials 202

VIII. Personals 204

IX. Locals 206

X Exchanges 210

XI. Y. M. C. A 211

XII. Directory.. 213

The Guilford Collegian

Vol. V. APRIL, 1893. No. 7.

PERSONALITY OF SHAKSPERE AND OF MILTON, AS REVEALED IN THEIR SONNETS.

BY LEONARD C. VAN NOPPEN, 90.

PART II- MILTON. We now pass to the sonnets of One can easily see that these Milton, about the meaning of sonnets were the offspring of a which there is no question what- profound mind, which now, in the ever, for, unlike Shakspere's, they very throes of sorrow and suffer- were intended for publication. ing, then in the warmth of love Besides the Milton of the sonnets and friendship, and again in the

1 is the Milton of history and of turmoil of political strife, found biography, and thus all doubt as vent in these grandly beautiful to the meaning of certain refer- poetical crystallizations. They ences is at once put aside. Thus were the bubbling effervescense there can be little or no contro- ' of a heated imagination, the glow- versy as to how these sonnets re- ing sparks that were struck off fleet the personality of their au- from the anvil of his genius. thor. ' The first sonnet, "To the night- These twenty-four sonnets rep- ingale," shows in subject-matter resent thirty years of Milton's and mode of treatment the influ- life: (1) his college life, (2) his ence of the Elizabethan school. travels, (3) his political life. They It is utterly unlike the stern, se- may, therefore, be considered the vere Milton of the later sonnets, reflections of a busy man of ac- and reveals the innocent longings tion, whose time would not admit of the gentle youth for congenial of longer composition, but whose female companionship, the first inmost soul must find some out- ravings of his amorous spirit. let—whose muse must find some Milton could never have written | condensed poetical expression. ' this sonnet in later life. It was —

i8o THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

the product of scholastic leisure beauty, he yields, a willing victim, and literary retirement. His ac- and voices his adoration in beau- tive spirit, tired of such solitude, tiful Italian, a tongue whose soft- demanded some object on which ness alone could adequately ex- it could lavish its wealth of pent- press his feelings. Nowhere else up affection, and found refuge in in all his writings glows such heat- this tender sonnet. ed ardor, such warmth of passion.

The next sonnet, "On his hav- It is not the cold severity of the ing arrived at the age of twenty- frozen north, which here reveals

three," shows a divine dissatisfac- itself. It is the tropical luxuri-

tion with himself and with his ance of the south in all of its attainments, and also a profound enervating voluptuousness. In realization that early youth was Milton's admiration, too, for the

past, with all its frivolities, and musical accomplishments of this

that manhood, with all its grave Italian lady, who responsibilities, stood knocking at "Untwisting all the chains that tie the hidden soul the door. There is here, too, a of harmony,'' reference to his extremely youthful appearance, when he says: wrapped them ?bout his neck and led him captive at her will, we "Perhaps my semblance might deceive the truth see reflected a by no means unim- That I to manhood am arrived so near." portant part of his personality, The idea of duty which like a viz: his love of music. golden thread runs through Mil- To secure the admiration of ton's whole career and through Milton was something of which most of his writings also, first any musician might well be proud, finds expression here and sounds for we know that he was an ac- the keynote of his life and purpose. complished organist and also that Next follow the five Italian son- he performed daily on the bass- nets, with the accompanying can- viol —accomplishments to which, zone. These are probably the doubtless, the swelling organ-like productions of Milton's travels grandeur of his epic and the and reveal his love— the blossom- clarion notes of his sonnets owed ing of the sentiment budding in much of their force. his sonnet "To a nightingale" With the sonnet, "When the for a dark-haired Italian beauty. Assault was intended to the city,'' Temporarily seduced by her Milton launches into medias res

charms from his high and severe of his public life and of contem- ideals, overcome by admiration poraneous history. In this son-

for her accomplishments and her net is also shown the classicism — —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 181 of Milton, and with the sonnet, however, in its stern rigidity, be- "On the Lord General Fairfax at come coarsely vituperative and the Siege of Colchester," and also grossly abusive. These qualities with those on Cromwell and Sir are, nevertheless, a part of his Henry Vane the Younger, reveal personality and as such, now that

in unmistakable numbers his atti- the heat of controversy is over, tude towards the politics of that are to be deplored. day, his uncompromising hostility The sonnet "To Mr. H. Lawes to royalty and his love for indi- on his Airs," again shows us Mil- vidual liberty and political inde- ton's high appreciation of music pendence. The spirit of freedom and also gives us an insight into and of justice breathes through his theory of versification. We every line, showing forth Milton, may well believe that Milton as the man of action, the controver- well as Lawes knew sialist, the staunch parliamenta- "how to rian, the premature republican. span Words with just note and accent not to scan The sonnets, "To a Virtuous With Midas' ears, comitting short and long." Young Lady" and "To the Lady In the beautiful Margaret Ley," are strong con- sonnets "On My Deceased Wife" trasts to the youthful exuberance and "On the Religious Memory of of the Italian sonnets. They Mrs. Cath- erine Thomson," show the cold, dispassionate ad- we see depicted the tender resignation miration of mature age for the and the glorious Christian virtues of the mind and the ab- hope which filled the breast of Milton and stract qualities of the soul. which never left him. is In the two Divorce sonnets and It here that we see his firm belief in the their extension in the "Sonnet heaven of Biblical promise and with a Tail," which follows, Mil- his ex- pectation of a happy union ton vindicates his ideas on divorce with the loved ones gone before. and again becomes a polemic. But oh! what a touch of With no weak voice does he plead profound melancholy! what a sad realiza- for toleration, and is first humor- tion of his blindness! ous, then indignant and contempt- when, in reference to the spirit of his young uous. These also further reveal wife, he says: the political attitude of Milton and show the rugged harshness of "I waked, she fled, and day brought back my night.'' his character when aroused. They are a portraiture of the unlovely With this cry of pain, the cry of side of his nature, a nature which, "a child crying in the night, and with no language usually gentle, could at times, but a cry," 1 82 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. he realized that no more for him Skinner is felt much the same would be the glorious sunlight, spirit, breathing sound advice to the beauties of nature, the starry his young friend, heavens—no more, until eternal " To measure life, learn those betimes, and know light should make all things bright. Towards solid good what leads the nearest way."

All this is also intimated in Had Milton himself acted thus? that admirable sonnet "on his Undoubtedly. His whole life blindness," but here the idea of seems to have been the result of a resignation, of duty is triumphant, definite plan, while care was and ceasing his complaints, he swallowed up in a divine trust says, which never faltered. " Who best. Bear his mild yoke, they serve him The other sonnet to Cyriac best," Skinner tells us that though his and although prone to murmur be- eyes were "clear—to outward cause his usefulness is impaired view"—yet for three years they he is at last made to feel that had been bereft of light. We thus see his personal appearance again " They also serve who only stand and wait." referred to. A pardonable vanity.

This is his spiritual philosophy. Perhaps the poor blind old man Who shall give us a wiser one? derived some comfort from the

Here, too, is a consciousness of fact that his eyes still retained power and an intimation of the their lustre and that his personal immortality of his work which has appearance was, therefore, not been characteristic of all great impaired. We will at least sup- poets, and which was especially pose so, giving him, at least, the true of Milton. benefit of such comfort. But see The sonnet "To Mr. Law- again that calm resignation which rence" shows a wonderful appre- we have noticed before, with his ciation of the comforts of indoors unalterable determination life, in the winter season, when "To still bear up and steer right onward,"

" The fields are dank and the ways aie mire." supported by a clear conscience and the sweet thought that it was He here again reiterates his love for "In Liberty's defence" music and the pleasant picture he draws we may well believe is the that he suffered, and that he be- home-life of the blind old poet came blind that the world might himself, surrounded, as he was, by see. This thought, indeed, com- kind and admiring youth. forts him and brings peace and In the first sonnet to Cyriac contentment. ! a

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 183

But it is in the sonnet "On the of freedom, truth and justice, — late massacre in Piedmont" that cry which echoing and re-echoing

Milton is seen at his best. He around the world will send the here reaches the height of his sound of its own reverbations rip- power. From this trumpet pling on the ocean of time until it breaks on the shores of eternity. "Blew soul-animating strains'' And, finally, we have seen him which called a world to arms, and accepting with prayerful resigna- a God to vengeance. By many, tion the sufferings and the neglect this is considered the finest sonnet of the present that he might reap in the language. Surely Milton, the immortality of the future. weeping- over the woes of his fel- ^ *.. . . . COMPARISON, lows, Milton, as the voice of the avenger is a powerful being who Thus in their sonnets have we sweeps the world along in the seen the personalities of Shaks- flood of his lamentations. pere and Milton gradually unfold-

| For condensed and forcible ex- ed and developed, until of each pression and lofty elevation of the personality stands out clear style thissonnethasperhaps never and distinct. been equalled. Such a strain must "The solemn organ whereon have been wrung from the very Milton played" voices all that is heart-cords of Milton and is there- grand in his character; " the clear fore the quintessence of his being, glass where Shakspere's shadow Pity and vengeance alike strive falls " reflects as does nothing else for the mastery. Religious libery the many phases of his great per- is in the balance. O justice ad- ' sonality. just thy scales and mete out; Shakspere was a Pagan; Mil-

punishment to the guilty ! ton, a Puritan. Each represents We have thus seen the person- all that was unique and character- ality of Milton revealed in these istic in his school, standing forth sonnets, a series of poems which as its recognized and undisputed

are truly the prelude to the grand ; head.

swelling anthem in Paradise Lost. ' Milton is more straightforward

We have traced in them the grad- I and direct; Shakespere, more ual evolution of this personality subtle and insinuating. Theson- | into a higher, a nobler and a nets of the former extend over a grander being. We have seen period of more than thirty years;

Milton in sorrow. We have seen those of the latter, over a period o I him in love. We have heard him perhaps not more than three. in anger sounding the battle-cry Milton's were the result of long 1 84 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

and profound reflection and were carnal list. The former is cold the man himself; Shakspere's were like a marble statue; the latter is dashed offat fever-heat in middle warm with glowing voluptuous

life and do not therefore reflect his life.

later personality. Shakspere is all sensibility and

Shakspere is all passion and imagination; Milton, rugged

speaks from the heart; Milton is strength and profound sincerity. all thought and speaks from the The former persuades; the latter

head. The former goes by in- convinces. Milton is more intense tuition; the latter by reason. Both and stately, has more of the divine, are in love with a dark-haired wo- and

"Was like a star and dwelt apar'.'' man who is musical. Milton loves

his mistress for her beauty; Shak- in solitary grandeur; Shakspere is spere loves his in spite of her more comprehensive and spark- plainness. Both are fond of music, ling, has more of the human and the taste of Milton being for grand by his tender sympathy linked and powerful effects, while Shaks- himself to his fellow-man with the pere prefers some simple melody everlasting chains of love. The that touches the heart. Milton is latter dwelt near to nature's heart more severe and majestic; Shaks- where he could translateher every pere more luxuriant and beautiful. heart-beat into the language of The former is at times more eleva- man ; the former looked down from ted; the latter more uniformly some superior height and judged good. of things in the abstract. Both Both are in love but their loves were great poets and had intima- are the opposite poles of the same tions of an immortality which the passion. Milton's love was an gods might envy. They are the ideal purity; Shakspere's, often a immortals.

ADRIFT IN A STORM AT SEA.

At five P. M. on September 1st, 1 ing steamers. At three P. M. the 1892, we sailed from Glasgow, 2nd of September we sailed out Scotland, for New York, on the of the bay and with four hundred Ethiopia, Anchor Line of steam- passengers aboard we headed di-

ers. Our vessel stopped at Mo- ' rect for America. Soon after ville, north of Ireland, to take on rounding the last headland a passengers who had come up strong west wind began to blow from Londonderry in small coast- and increased all night. Next THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 185 morning' a heavy sea was running who were well. I had no sickness and the ship rolled and plunged on the return voyage and was able amid the waves so that walking to be out all the time and take in on deck was difficult for landsmen. the situation. I was able to stand All day the gale continued to in- by the stern-post an hour at a crease. The second night was time and look out over the grandly dark, rainy and cold so that few sublime and terrible surroundings. ventured on deck. On the morn- When the ship was thrown to the ing of the third day the gale had crest of the great swells the eye increased to a regular storm and could take in the fearful scene nearly all on board were quite for miles around. I have no lan- sea-sick, the sickest sickness that guage to describe it; indeed it man has ever had, but the least would take something beyond dangerous. During this day the words to convey an intelligent ship made slow headway against idea of such a scene, but this the violence of the storm. All can be said, everything on earth hope of a pleasant voyage was grows small when compared with given up and the passengers be- a first-class storm at sea. gan settling down to the situation, At ten A. M., on the 4th, the but all were suddenly alarmed at glad sound of the low boom of about seven P. M. by the engine the engine in motion sent a thrill stopping and the ship falling into of gladness through the hearts the trough of the waves and roll- of the passengers and soon the ing violently. Alarm, anxiety and ship came around and once more fear seized the passengers; all headed westward. We had drift- were exceedingly anxious to ed thirty-two miles eastward, but know what had happened and the were still in the line of the steam- extent of the danger. Word was ers on the Glasgow route. Though soon passed that the main shaft the storm still raged and we were of the propeller had given way in a rough sea all were glad to be

and it would take several hours to in motion once more, but alas,

repair it. The ship, now helpless, about night the shaft again gave began drifting before the wind way, and we were the second

and it was very difficult to stand time at the mercy of the waves. up or walk about, so violent was Gloom and sadness settled down the rocking and plunging of the onboard; low murmers of danger vessel. and fear were heard; pale, sick That was a terrible night on all faces looked up with sad implor- who were suffering with sea-sick- ing eyes, yet the voices were

ness, and an anxious one to those hushed and still. Mothers were 1 86 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. seen nestling their little ones close she had bound securely to her in to them ; stout hearted men who j breast with a shawl, so that had hitherto looked brave and death they would not be separated; defiant showed signs of nervous- the next two older were lying on ness and fear, and seldom spoke. either side of their mother with

J The morning of the 5th came their heads on her lap and hold- with the same dark, stormy, sea ing tightly to her. With tears still slowly drifting us helplessly slowly dropping on them she was away, this time out of the line, gazing into their little faces look- where we might not be found for ing into hers, while by her side

weeks by vessels sent to seek and ! was a girl six or eight years old rescue us. During the afternoon holding to one arm and looking

' of the 5th the storm increased in into her mothers face, saying : violence and the night came on " Mamma, don't cry, you know

dark and terrible, filling, the , the Lord won't let you drown, bravest hearts with sadness. It He is too good for that, you know j was impossible to stand or walk He won't, now don't cry mamma." |

without holding to something se- j There was a supernatural, yes, a cure, and little children could Divine light in that child's eyes,

scarcely lie in their bunks. The ' and her upturned face was like an mothers among the emigrants sat angel's. I felt in my heart and down on the floor and held their said, no ship would ever sink with children across their laps to pre- such, faith and innocence on board.

vent their being thrown down. ! There were many other deeply Even strong men could not lie touching scenes among the seem- still in the bow and stern where ingly poor and lowly, putting to the tossing was most violent, shame the contemptible cowardice There were several women aboard of the wide-mouthed unbeliever who developed into grand Christ- in the hour of danger, ian characters. They went among One more incident : In a roo n the steerage passengers to en- amid-ship was a woman with two

courage the mothers who had lit- 1 bright little children, four and six tie children to care for, whose years old; they had been confined strength was ready to give out to the room by the storm, and the and faith almost failing. There mother had shed many silent were scenes of sublime faith and tears over her children, who had trust as well as terror and fear, at last fallen into a quiet sleep. One picture, the grandest of them When they awoke they looked up all, was a middle aged mother into the mother's face and began with four children. The infant singing a glad child-like, cradle —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 1 8; song. I had not slept for two I went on deck to see if there days and nights, and was wide was any indication of the violence awake listening and seeing much of the storm abating. The scene that was transpiring, when around was simply fearful. We heard the song of the children, were wallowing in the trough of It seemed like the voice of angels the waves and the vessel rolled so from Heaven telling me that all violently that the deck would be was well, that in spite of the howl thrown almost perpendicular and

of the storm and the rude rolling I seemed like hanging against waves around us we were safe. the wall instead of standing up-

During this time brave men — right. Twice it seemed impossi- the engineer and his assistants ble for the vessel to right itself were way down in the hold of the when struck by the heavy seas. ship, working with tireless arms A part of the cargo was pig iron, and sleepless eyes on the broken which was put in the bottom of shaft; steel bolts had to be drilled the ship with the bulky freight on and cut out, plates, braces and top. This made the keel the bars removed before the work heaviest, so that when the vessel could be done. While others began to sink the keel sank the were suffering in terror at the fastest and righted the ship every

prospect of foundering I was part time. This saved it, but it was of the time quietly but eagerly trying on the nerves to stand on

listening to the whir of the drill, deck and see death as it were in the heavy thud of the mall and arms length and coming right the sharp quick stroke of the ham- straight to us. Nothing but real mer on the steel chisel, which Christian faith can look at such a sounds came up a ventilating pipe thing and not shrink. with the distinctness of a tele- At the end of two hours the

phone. In this way I knew the fury of the storm abated and there extent of the damage, the diffi- was footing on deck. By six A. culty to overcome, the extreme M. the ship came down to a

danger we were in if the cargo heavy side roll that made it possi- should shift. In the depressed ble to walk about. This seemed and excited condition of the pas- to revive the weary passengers

sengers it would not have been who were, to some extent, recov- safe for them to have known what ering from their sickness; cheer- the ventilating pipe was telling ful conversation and pleasant

me, for it would have caused a greetings were heard, and in the disastrous panic. afternoon a young la'dy gave us About three A. M., on the 6th, some music on the organ, but THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. when she arose from the stool passengers glad with their bright was thrown down by a violent faces and shouts. To add to the lurch of the ship and was severely general joy the captain announced hurt. The tables began to be that the last bolt was in place and filled up and regular meals were we would start in a few hours. A resumed, but the racks had to be glad cheer went out over the kept on to make it possible for waters, and all was life and joy cups and plates to stay on the where so long had been fear and tables, and even then there were sorrow. At half past nine a boom many amusing mishaps of spilt came from below, the signal bell coffee, tea, soup and gravy, caus- rang and a glad, wild, shout went ing much merriment in spite of up. The engine started again our still serious situation. and there seemed to be another

The morning of the 7th was, lease of life ; the children ran in dark and gloomy. The wind blew wild glee, slapping their hands , " more briskly for a few hours and and shouting, She's started ! !" another storm seemed near, but at she's started ! hurrah ! hurrah noon the clouds began to break and round and round they ran away and through the rifts broad beyond all control, in fact no one streams of sunlight flashed, light- wanted them controlled, for many ing up the waves with dazzling a gray head was almost a child brightness. During the afternoon again. The young people began the sea continued going down promenading and the older seated and the showers of sunlight were themselves in the bright sunlight, cheering and reviving to all. The looking glad and happy. morning of the 8th was rainy and I could but ask myself as the dark, but the rain soon ceased, and beautiful scene passed before me, the sea had gone down to a mod- who of all the hundred that were erate swell; the passengers came rejoicing over their deliverance out on deck and seemed rejoiced thou? Jit for once of the brave en- to be once more apparently safe gineers who had toiled day and from danger. The little children night through all the hours of at once began to run about, happy danger, repairing with unwearied to be released from confinement arm, steady hand, sleepless eye and fear. September 9th came in and brave soul, the broken shaft ? with sunshine; the sea was almost Alas, I feared but few. Too often calm; everybody came out or were the truly grand and brave are carried out to enjoy the beautiful neglected or forgotten in this life, day; the children, true to child- but in the life to come when jus- hood and innocence, made the tice is meted to all they will THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 189 wear crowns that will never fade, shaft broke eighty-eight hours, After supper on the evening of during which time the engineers the 9th life was deeply interesting never quit work. The emergency in every part of the ship. The was too great and so many lives rebound from a feeling of terror were at stake they could not rest, and despair was sudden and won- in fact, did not want to rest, derful. In the dining room small During all the many weary groups of from six to ten were days and nights we were adrift, gathered in cheerful conversation, there were many amusing and lu- music was heard over-head which dicrous incidents constantly oc - had a more triumphant and loftier curring that broke the sad monot- tone than ever before; there was ony. Sometimes a gigantic pas- softer, sweeter melody in the close senger who tried to defy sea-sick- of each rounded refrain. The ness, the storm, God and man, children's voices were sweeter and would be sent sprawling on deck their faces brighter as they dis- or cabin floor, or suddenly col- cussed their picture books and lapse in his defiance of death, and toys. Among the emigrants there present such abject terror and were alike, glad voices, glad despair that none could fail to be songs and glad hearts, and their amused and disgusted. There children breathed a higher and are few situations that will show grander refrain for it came from real Christianity in all of its bright- hearts acquainted with pain and ness more than a wreck or storm sorrow. To me, as I sat silently at sea. The dark water has no listening or slowly walking to and terror for the Christian; death by fro, the evidence of thankfulness drowning is painless and to him and joy for our deliverance more it is but a passing on and over to than paid for all the peril, anxiety where there is no sea, no storm, and privation we had undergone, and no more death, while the un- All came through the wiser and believer shrinks back with horror better because of the sore trial of from the dark gulf, where to him

nerve and faith. The Christian there is no light beyond. This

was stronger; the unbeliever hung makes the unbelievers all. the down his head with conscious more contemptible when their shame for his cowardice in time animal courage fails. of danger, and he had learned; On the morning of the nth a that death to him was plunging glad cry ran through the ship,

into darkness, while to Christians "Sail aho ! sail alio!" and sure

it was a step into light. enough, not far away the steamer We were adrift after the main Circassia was seen bearing down igo THE GUILFORD COLLEGAIN. to us in majestic style. It was a beef, pork, cheese, ice, &c, &c. grand sight to see that huge ship The ships then parted, the Cir- rise and fall on the great swells cassia for Glasgow, we for New of the ocean with signal flags York, i, 800 miles away. The re- flying in answer to our hail. Soon mainder of the trip was very a boat was lowered and pulled pleasant. Music, games and con- away to the Circassia—the ships versation were much indulged in. lying to. All eyes and all glasses The ship was put on low speed for on both ships were in active use. safety and we did not reach New The Circassia was much surprised York until the 21st of the month. to meet us in mid-ocean when we On the 22nd we landed and thus should have been in New York. the voyage was ended without a We were indeed glad to hear single case of sickness or serious from the far off world again, and accident to any of the passengers. were gratified to know that our Few, if any, of those passengers situation and safety could now be will ever forget their voyage cabled to both worlds. At the across the Atlantic in the Ethio- end of an hour our boat returned pia. to us loaded with needed supplies, Addison Coffin.

IS IT A DUTY?

Man is the only result of God's above us, in which these two ele- Divine workmanship that can ments of the universe are so partly understand or appreciate clearly displayed, is it not reason- the phenomena of His universe. able to ask ourselves —do we ob-

He alone can comprehend an all serve ? Supreme Being to have control of Revert with me to two great worlds in their silent courses, that men who have spent their lives in can shadow day-light with dark- becoming acquainted with the

ness, superintend the swelling of 1 Natural World and delving into every forest bud, the growth of its unlocked storehouses of knowl- every herb, and the life of the edge. Consider the eighteen years smallest insect. 'Tis man that which the great German astrono- has a perception of the beautiful mer, Kepler, spent in watching and harmonious, yet when we re- the nightly wanderers of the vault member how ignorant we are above, without the aid of standard concernincr- the things around and works on astronomy or the mod- — —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 191 ern telescope, to bring his world Millions spend their lives on into close proximity to others earth without ever receiving a simply with a mathematical intel- single lesson from the flowers lect and the eyesight which God which grow and bloom beneath has given to nearly all his sons, their feet. Year after year hides the persevering observer estab- in the past, each spring bearing lished three laws upon which on its ebb a new world of insect nearly all knowledge of the heav- life, yet how few persons, com- enly bodies since then acquired paratively speaking, ever become has been founded. Louis Agas- acquainted with it or even know siz needed only his naked sense that it exists. How many can of sight to change the ideas of read the history of ages in the humanity concerning our little out-cropping strata of rock on planet's early history, for by no- the nearest hill-top, railroad cut ticing the parallel grooves upon or mountain gorge ? How many his native rocks and their corres- can mark as the cause of the de- pondence in direction to similar stroying avalanche an exception marks in other countries, he prov- to one of nature's laws ? or can ed to the world that the greater see in the fury of the storm — law part of our northern hemisphere and order? What do the heavens was at one time locked in the em- reveal to the majority of man- brace of an icy mantle. He need- kind ? Nothing. What announce- ed no microscope to determine the ment does the morning sun con- exact species of a fish by a single vey ? From the—poor an appealing scale. It is only an example of voice answers "more toil"; while what a power that lies in every from the gilded homes of luxury man may accomplish if that pow- the rich sigh out their answer er is only cultivated. Compare "endless care and perplexity." mankind as a whole with the few The day is supplanted by the of whom the above are represent- night, and humanity seeks its rest atives, and, we will have to admit without knowing that one star that we do not use the means we differeth from another. have at our command to reveal You say, however, that a great the wonders that constantly sur- portion of the globe's inhabitants round us. For considering the spend their lives in cities and that enormous strides which a few ob- these do not have the opportunity

servers have pushed the world, it of coming in close contact with would be centuries in advance of the marvellous designs of God in

the present if each generation had nature, thus we cannot expect them

fulfilled its duty. to be familiar with its phenomena. —

\t)2 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

But pause! Where does man the objects most conducive to thfc; come closest to man ? Where is end. the greatest everlasting and ulti- "lis the many who have eyes mate design of God ? the one for and see not that exclaim: "This which all others were made world'sa wildernessof woe." But

and how infinitely nobler it is to where is this best observed — agree found in the greatest variety ? It with Whittier thus: "I had far is in the village, town and crowd- rather meet with these flowers in ed metropolis. Through their heaven than with thegolden streets streets flow the ceaseless streams they speak of." And what the of humanity, each individual bear- flowers were to the Quaker poet ing characteristics peculiarto him- some part of God's universe should self. If it is possible we find here be to every man. a broader field for acute ohserva- Secondly, we should consider it tion and a nobler source of living a duty to observe these things be- inspiration, than where silence cause it is our business and should wields her undisputed sceptor over be our supreme end to do the will yet how we mis- of our Father. Life is not life un- forest solitudes ; understand and misinterpret one less spent for this end, and all suc- another, and how few are true de- cess is a failure that does not tend inealtors of character. toward perfect love in service. Thus, seeing the position which Even to attain to what commonly man holds as a creation of God, passes as success in any line of and what a meagre understanding business, a man will study every he has of himself and his environ- detail that pertains to the secur- ments, can we truly say that we ing of best results. Jay Gould are doing our duty? But why could never have been so profici- should we consider it a duty to ent in accumulating wealth if he closely observe those things that had not completely understood are diverse from our daily avoca- even the minutest things concern- tions in this busy life? ing the manipulation and control First, because when understood of rail road and telegraph lines, they become a source of genuine Webster could never have deliver- pleasure, a fountain of lasting ened his great speeches if he had not joyment, and an ever open volume mastered every branch of his sub- of useful knowledge to the human jects. The mechanic to make the soul. Our life on this earth was best success exercises every pos- |

intended by its author to be full of j sible effort to leave nothing un- true enjoyment and it seems that learned that will aid in securing we are under obligation to study that success. Thus it is with every ;

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 193 avocation in life, to prevent what which we may learn something of the world would deem a failure the limitless development to which one must equip himself with the man himself may attain; in the information that will aid him to physical structure of the human succeed. Then how much more being we may catch a glimpse of necessary it is that we do all in the physician's infinite wisdom; in our power to make the greatest the control of the endless course and eternal vocation of man a suc- of world's around our little sun cess in our author's just estima- and probably of the course of our tion. On this ground it is an im- whole solar system among others, perative duty to observe and study we ma)' see something of His in- the beauty, the order, and the laws finite power. in nature and in man, as well as As we are impressed with God's to study the Inspired Word, for love to humanity by the story of the reading of the former is a direct the life, crucifixion, and resurrec- aid to the understanding of the tion of the Beloved Son, so we latter if our wills are in harmon- may be impressed with the attri- ious co-operation with the will of butes by observing his sublime God. creations around us, and may In the vegetable kingdom may realize the feelings of the sweet be perceived the infinite beauty singer of Israel when he exclaim- and purity of our Maker's thoughts ed, "The heavens declare the in the animal kingdom a grand glory of God and the firmament developmentfrom the lowestforms showeth his handiwork." invertebrates to a of form next in J. P. Parker, '93. perfection to that of man, from

INTERESTING LOCALITIES MENTIONED IN SHAK- SPERE'S RICHARD III.

When Lord Macaulay began fanciful legends which then con- the task of preparing his history stituted the common stock of the of England his chief aim was to English historian. He spent days picture accurately the life and spir- and months rumaging among it of the times of which he wrote. dusty pamphlets, examining re- In selecting material for his work- cords of old families, biographies he did not confine himself alone of men who had not been called to the dry chronicles and rather great in their time, works of poet- 194 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. ry, fiction and travel. From these Cities," a work itself baced upon heterogeneous elements he care- Carlyle's history, and written sev- fully selected those which were enty years after the revolution. best suited to his purpose, touch- The internal history of Scotland, ed and animated them by the until comparatively recent times power of his genius, and gave to so unimportant that it had never the world the results of his labors been recorded by the historian, in that magnificent work, " The glows with romance and the bril- History of England from the Ac- liant delineation of noble charac- cession of James the Second." ter under the magic pen of Wal- His success was in large measure ter Scott, as he writes the "Tales due to the fact that he realized to of a Grandfather" and "The Lay how great an extent the history of the Last Minstrel." Shak- of any people is comprehended in spere's historical play^ are even their literature. more happy in their illustrations

Literature not only reflects the of English life. His one unrival- life of the age in which it is pro- led drama on the Wars of the Ro- duced — the manners, customs, ses is Richard the Third. This environment and characteristics play has for its basis that period of the people —but it also renders of English history embraced be- incalculable aid to the philosoph- tween the years 147 1 and 1485. ical historian in determining the Strangely enough, the important causes and effects of the great events of that time have been movements of the race, and often- transmitted to us in a form so ob- times in clearing up obscurities scure that were it not for the side that exist in the historic record. lights Shakspere's great drama The great master, Carlyle, in his has thrown upon them, the con- matchless work on the French tentions of the houses of York Revolution, made an exhaustive and Lancaster could never be treatment of that great movement nearly so well understood as they in the most powerful and philo- are to-day. The splendid genius sophical manner, yet there will of Shakspere has taken the dead, never be a history that can explain dry skeleton of historic facts, and more clearly the causes which led by its magic touch restored miss- to that terrible conflict, or can ing portions, clothed it with flesh, ever depict more vividly the hor- and infused into the whole a vig- rors which it entailed upon the orous, throbbing life. Thus we French people, than that graphic might go on indefinitely, tracing pen-picture drawn by Charles this thread of double parts, no- Dickens in his "Tale of Two ting the action and reaction of the THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 195 one upon the their ear- The "Paul's" other from | mentioned in the

liest beginnings. Since, however, i same passage was the old St. it is more particularly the purpose 'Paul's Cathedral, and stood upon of this article to speak of the the same spot where the St. Paul's more important localities men- of to-day, in the very heart and tioned in Shakspere's greatest his- densest tumult of London lifts torical drama, Richard the Third, its black dome up toward heaven's we proceed without further re- vault. When the foundations for mark to their consideration. the present cathedral were being None of these localities are of laid in the year 1675, the work- less importance or interest now men found relics of three different than they then were, and several ages beneath thesite of thechurch. j

of them, particularly those in Lon- i It cannot be said with absolute

don, have since become so noted ! certainty, but it was probably that no traveler has seen London first built by Sebert, King of the

until their features are familiar to ' East Angles, in the year 616. him. I Since then it has been burned five

In act I, scene II of this play, times, thrice, tradition says, by

Anne, widow of Edward, Prince ! fire from heaven. It attained its of Wales, lamenting the death of final significance when, in the 13th the Lancasterian king, Henry VI, j century it was a vista of Gothic says to the pall bearers: arches, seven hundred feet in length. It was then the most Come now towards Chertsey with your holy load magnificent piece of architecture Taken from Paul's to be interred there. And still, as you are weary of the weight, in England. In this building the

Rest you whiles I lament King Henry's corse. tyrant John, in the year 1213, ac- Chertsey monastery, or Chert- knowledged the supremacy of the sey Abbey as it then was, is a pope. Here Wiclif was tried be- ; town on the Thames, nineteen fore Courtnay; herein 1401 Wil- miles south-west of London. The Ham Sawtree, the first English abbey buildings were destroyed martyr, was stripped of his priest- over two centuries ago, and noth- ly garments and sent to Smith- ing but the ruin of the walls now field to suffer death at the stake; remains. Here it is claimed King here, more than a century later, Henry VI was buried without ei- Wolsey publicly burned a Protest- ther burial rites or the attendance ant Bible; and here, too, it was of a priest. This, however, is ' that Dr. Shaw, spoken of in act questioned, and it seems quite III, suggested the king-ship of certain that the usual rites were Richard with fatal consequences observed. to himself. The majestic steeple, 196 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. graceful buttresses, various chap- on the Isle of Thorne, in the river els and shrines filled with precious Thames; but it was Edward the stones, and the number of tombs Confessor, the last of the old Sax- and monuments of illustrious men on Kings, who, about the middle must have combined to produce a of the 1 1 tli century, began the most magnificent effect, and to erection of the present magnifi- have given in interest to the build- cent church. There are several ing perhaps even more than that pretty legends explaining his ac- now felt in Westminster Abbey. tion, but time forbids that we shall

But all its grandeur could not save mention them here. Certain it is, it from the ravages of the terrible however, that Edward destroyed fire of 1605, when palaces and the old church and rebuilt it from hovel perished alike. the foundation. It was begun in The present cathedral was be- 1049, ar, d consecrated in 1065, gun in 1675, under the oversight eight days before the death of the of the architect, Christopher founder. It was the first cruciform Wren, and was completed thirty- church erected in England, and five years later, at a cost of about was of immense size, covering the $4,000,000. It is five hundred whole of the ground occupied by feet in length, two hundred and the present building. Henry III fifty in breadth, and three hundred evidently did not appreciate the and sixty-five feet to the top of Confessor's style of architecture, the cross. The most interesting for in 1245 he pulled down most portion of the church is the Crypt, of Edward's work, and devoted where are gathered nearly all the himself to the task of rebuilding. remains of the tombs which were The work was gradually carried saved from old St. Paul's. The on by his descendants and by the monuments recently erected are abbots, for nearly three hundred comparatively uninteresting. The years, and additions have since tcmbs of Lord Nelson and the been made. The church in which Duke of Wellington are in St. Elizabeth and her youngest son Paul's. took refuge, fearing the designs Perhaps the most interesting of Richard, belonged to the ab- place to the tourist in all England bey, and the fact that it afforded is Westminster Abbey, a church shelter to them, as to others, from for the living and the tomb of the turbulent passions .)f that time

England's most illustrious dead. is proof of the reverence in which

The same Sebert who first built it was even then held by the Eng- St. Paul's, in the same year began lish people, a feeling that has the erection ofWestminster church since grown to be so powerful that THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 197

battle of the the burial'' place of those of her Nelson, in the great |

Nile, as a last incentive to his wa- ' sons whom, at different times of vering soldiers, cried, "Victory, her taste and judgment, England or Westminster abbey!" It is not has delighted to honor with sepul- difficult to understand why the ture in the great temple of silence abby has obtained such a hold and reconciliation, where the en- upon the affections of the Eng- ', mities of twenty generations lie

lish people. The history of its 1 buried." altar is the history of the Church The Guild Hall is another inter- of England. All the history, esting place mentioned in this tradition and legend of England play. Here it was that Bucking- is written here in the tombs of ham assembled the mayor and the her noble dead. Since the time most prominent citizens of Lon- of William the Conqueror, who don and urged the claims of Rich-

was the first to be crowned here, | ard to the throne. It was then, as the coronations of English sov- now, the town hall of London, the ereigns have been solemnized place of assembly for the various j within its walls. On the same guilds of the city. It was built in |

spot the princes of the Tudors, : 141 1, but has since- been altered

Stuarts, of the houses of York, I considerably. It suffered little in- Lancaster and Hanover, have jury in the great fire, and had stood to receive the British crown, only to be re-roofed. It was used Side by side lie her kings, princes, in for the trial of Anne As- | 1546

scientists, poets, statesmen, ora- kew. Like other edifices of its

tors, soldiers, philanthropists and time it has a crypt and Library. men of letters, who have made The latter contains a very valuable her name illustrious and a syno- collection of books, old plays, nym for power and fame through- ballads and pamphlets, relating to

out the civilized world. Here lie the history of London. There is

the bodies of Newton, Chatham, also a museum connected with it Watt, Pitt, Peel, the two Wesleys, which contains a valuable collec- j Goldsmith, Byron, Macaulay, tion of interesting relics of Old

Spencer, Dickens, Chaucer, and London, and is open to the public hosts of others scarcely less illus- daily. trious. Shakspere has a monu- One of the most interesting

ment in the poet's corner, although ! places in London is the Tower of he was buried and his remains London, the oldest fortress of the

still lie in Stratford. It is truly Norman Kings. Prince Edward,

the "silent meeting place of the in Act III, scene I, inquires of great dead of eight centuries— Richard, "Did Caesar build that 1 98 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. place, my lord ?" to which Buck- with the armories, is the chief ob- ingham replies in the affirmative. ject of interest about the Tower

This tradition was greatly streng- as we find it to-day— a vast mem- thened by the lines of Gray, orial of crime and oppression, the

incarnation, as it were, of the " Ye towers of Julius, London's lasting shame, baser passions of those times, as With many a foul and midnight murder fed," St. Paul's and Westminster are of but there are no existing buildings what was highest and best. of earlier date than the White The last situation mentioned in Tower, built by William the Con- the play that will engage the at- queror, in 1078. At different intention of the reader is Bosworth tervals other towers and fortifica- Field, where the victory of the tions wete added until it became Lancastrian party ended the Wars an immense pile of buildings, al- of the Roses. Richard's reign was ternately used as fortress, palace, far from peaceful, and was of short and prison. Probably no other duration. Henry Tudor, Earl of spot in England has been the Richmond, and afterwards King scene of so much crime and foul Henry VII, landed in England murder. Up to the beginning of and marched on London. Richard the eighteenth century with every advanced to meet him, and they succession of a new house, all the met at Bosworth Field. This is most prominent members of the the place, where, on the night be- defeated house were thrown into fore the battle, Shakspere repre- the Tower, for no other crime sents the ghosts of Richard's vic- than that royal blood pulsed tims as approaching and standing through their veins; and they between his tent and Richmond's. rarely came forth except to meet They curse Richard and trouble their fates at the block. Scarcely him in his sleep, but pray success a generation passed that some for Richmond. The battle was member ol the royal family, either fought on a moor, near the present from the hate of some other house, village of Bosworth, in Leicester- or from a hostile faction in his shire, and on an eminence near by own, did not, to his sorrow, make Lord Stanly pronounced Rich- the acquaintance of the Tower. mond king of England.

In the Wakefield Tower are at From necessity I have given present kept the regalia, the only a brief outline of the inter- magnificent gold plate used at esting points connected with these coronation banquets, and the localities. Each possesses an in- crown jewels. It was formerly terest peculiar to itself, an interest used as a record office. This, which becomes doubly intensified THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 199

when we consider their relation to of her pyramids, mute witnesses of the plot and action of the play. fallen dynasties. Shakspere's Such a relation may not seem to great drama has given no such in- us so important until we reflect tense interest to the places of with how great interest some which we have been speaking, yet localities have been invested be- each is worthy of our careful cause of the'r relation to some study, because such study will product of man's genius, whether both beget an increased interest that product be literature or other in these dramas, and consequently branch of the Fine Arts. Kenil- we can study them more intellig- worth Castle is known to the ently; and will give to us an ac- world through Scott's famous quaintance with much that is im- novel; the Sistine Chapel in the portant and instructive in the his- Vatican is famous because of the tory of the internal development adorning frescoes left there by of England. Michael Angelo; and Egypt stays E. M. Wilson, '92. our attention through the mystery

SCANDALS.

Scandal is no respector of per- are being unearthed and exposed sons; neither is it a respector of in free America—the grand result nations. No nation has ever as of all past experiments. yet existed without, at some time But the most deplorable fact in its history, being debased by connected with these scandals is this great curse. Scandal is the that men who stood at the helm one word that is now ringing in of state and wielded the affairs of the ears of all Europe. Its dead- government in many cases—men ly hand has shaken strong gov- who were thought to be honest ernments until their very founda- and to have had enough character tions quake and tremble to-day. and boldness and conscience to When the American civilization control their own actions—have was formed the influence of scan- been the men most prominently dal grew up with it and we have implicated. but to become acquainted with Italy, the land of ancient liter- the facts of curent history to know ature and culture, has about that day after day the most sur- reached the last stage of financial prising and cowardly scandals ruin. She started on her down- — —

200 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. ward course hundreds of years the legislatures which have con-

! v ago and the truth of the matter is vened in a large number of the that scandal after scandal has fol- States during the three months

lowed her up even to the present just past ? The very last place time. Thus we behold the coun- scandals should find their origin try which at one time bid fair to —in legislative halls— is just enlighten the whole world slowly where half of them begin.

but surely dying the death of na- It is useless to speak of the

tions, all because the dark clouds i scandals in our great cities, such

of scandal hang over her. i as New York and Brooklyn, for Germany, the native country of they are growing so common and Goethe and Bismark, isto-daytry- men of such "high character" ing to cover up and suppress a are connected with them that they

scandal which, if fully known, are almost looked upon as being

would be appalling in its magni- all right.

tude, and all this has happened Need we pursue the theme ? because some of her publk men Onlyi^ar enough to say that there

have betrayed their trusts. is very little encouragement for

France is now lying in a state an honest m^n to enter public life of humility because her most at present because of the degrad- prominent men in political life ing influences which the money have become so greedy and selfish powers have over individuals as to rob the government, and How many men there are in to-day DeLesseps and Eifel public office to-day whom we men formerly loved and honored look upon as being men of char- by their countrymen—stand with acter when they are in reality only blackened characters guilty of men of reputation. Character is crime. what the men of the country need Scandals in America are prob- and then the "one thing needful" ably of not such magnitude, but for a happy and prosperous na- they would appear a great deal tion will be supplied. We have

worse than they do if it was not had enough object lessons in for the great skill of the perpetra- scandals to last us a thousand tors in covering them up. years and the time has come for Who will say that scandals have honesty to reign supreme. not been connected with many of C. F. T. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 201

THE HENRYiCLAY ENTERTAINMENT.

The first day of April dawned ian Islands," was delivered by El- bright and clear, and never perhaps bert S. White on the affirmative, were hearts more thankful for and Joseph E. Blair on the nega- beautiful weather than were the tive. The speeches were animated members of the Henry Clay Socie- and interesting so much that the ty on this day. One by one dur- speakers seemed to be giving their ing the day visitors came in to at- own convictions. "The April tend the fifth Annual Entertain- Fool" was the name of a pap^r ment of the Henry Clay Society read by Oscar P. Mo frit. It was until near the appointed hour the very original, and if "brevity is campus and halls seemed almost the soul of wit" surely that pro- asfidl of visitors as on Commence- duction was wit. Suffice it to say ment Day. The ringing of the that it was very expressive of the bell summoned the crowd to King writer's own peculiar style. The

Hall, and at 8 P. M. the president, second oration delivered by Chas. Chas. F. Tomlinson, opened the F. Tomlinson was very good, and entertainment with a few words of we were glad to have the memory welcome given in his usual point- of the worthy "James Iredell " revived, and the history of one of ed, pleasant and humorous style. North Carolina's first great men The first exercise was an oration presented in such an attractive by James P. Parker, entitled, "Is manner. The last exercise was a It a Duty." It was quite original play entitled, "A Dream of the and showed much careful thought Centuries." It was a chronological review of the mostimportantevents and preparation. This was fol- in American History represented lowed by a declamation, "Peter by some of the most important Sorghum In Love," given by J. personages connected with each, O'Neill Ragsdale. The speaker and directed by the magic power fitted himself to the occasion well of the Muse of History. This was one of the most brilliant plays ever and his tones were so much in given at our College. Thisarticle keeping with it the sentiment that would not be complete without seemed almost a personal experi- saying that the stage, over which portrait of ence. J. M. Woodward favored hung an ivy bordered the audience with a solo, "The Henry Clay was handsomely decorated in a garnet effect. Thus, Midshipmite," which was well ren- the evening passed away very dered. discussion upon the sub- A pleasantly—a feast to the eyes " ject, Resolved that the United and to the mind. States Should Annex the Hawai- (REPQRTED). : :

202 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

it certainly does not show any The (stuiliord (Lollepiart. o manliness or womanliness to dis- PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE regard the smallest things. Ev- LITERARY SOCIETIES ery student everywhere knows Of Guilford College what the little requirements are,

EDITORS and knows, if he does not realize C. P. TOMI.INSON, '93. F. W". Grabbs, '94. to some extent, that the reward Eula L. Dixon, '94. of obeying them is many fold. ASSOCIATE EDITORS Amy.T. Stevens, '95 Personals. To the teachers obedience gives Jas. P. Parker, '93 Locals. W. T. Woodley, '94 Exchanges. pleasure and confidence. To the BUSINESS MANAGERS: doer is a tenderer conscience, a E. S. White, '93. H. B Worth, '94. stronger character and a life that Mary H. Arnold, '94. by example preaches righteous-

Address all business communications to ness, and helps others to have a Business Manageks of Guilford Collegian, higher conception of right, and Guilford College, N. C. to follow it out. Surely all this is

Subscription price : One year $i .oo to be desired, and is well worth Club rates: Six copies ,.. 5.00 any rfttle self-sacrifice there may Single copies 10 be to attain to such a standard of The Collegian is entered a» Guilford College Post living. Office as second class matter.

April, 1893 Seasons of despondency will come to most of us. At such

Perhaps there is nothing that will times there is a great tendency to so increase the respect of teach- lay the blame on others; nature ers for students as implicit obedi- itself seems to be cheerless; and ence on the part of the latter in everything appears to go wrong. the little things required of them. The cause, however, lies in our- It f.eems an easy matter some- selves. The repelling visage times to fall into the way of doing which greets us from everybody, according to pleasure, obeying the and the ugly appearance which rules as little as policy will allow. everything presents to the eye,

It is to be presumed, however, are only reflections of the gloomy that a faculty such as perhaps all and disagreeable spirit within us. of our colleges have would not The life which God gave to be impose upon students, but would spent in happiness and sunshine

make only such rules as were en- is kept confined by a wilful refu- tirely necessary, thus making sal to let in the cheering light. school life as little binding as Why this folly? If things do not

possible. When this is the case always go according to our wish- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 203 es, we can find plenty of causes to encircles the world, and its mem- keep us hopeful. Long faces are no bership reaches among the mil- cure for disappointment, but rath- lions. There are two great bless- er make it worse. It is charac- ings, especially, to be derived from teristic of a noble person to meet this work. One is to bring souls all things with the determination into a nearer relation with God of making the most out of them, and the other the systematic way of enlarging let come what may, and if his ex- the labor in the fields of the Lord. pectations are not fulfilled he sets j These societies, generally, are to recover himself without! about not independent, but belong to letting the feeling of dishearten- churches as a kind of gateway ment once gain an entrance. Not and training school for the young only do we bring great injury —equipping them that they may be competent to take up the work upon ourselves by suffering low- 1 of the church when the mantle spiritedness to creep upon us, but; shall fall upon them. But not we fail to exert upon our fellow- only are these societies advanta- beings the influence that springs geous to churches but are most helpful in college life. from a constantly happy life. As TheX serve to bind the young into closer students, we are not free from this fellowship as Christian workers, melancholy disposition. We have to accomplish that which, though difficulties peculiar to our situa- easy by combined effort might be tion and hence can sympathize very hard single handed, to encourage with each the more readily. The systematic giving of that which is the Lord's, to influence best way to make another cheer- ' others to take up the work, and to ful is to be cheerful ourselves. be a centre where there may be an Then let us present our best selves exchange of experiences and at all times. If despondency ideas for carrying on work. In short, it is an organization would settle upon us, let us forget that is another step toward the reduction ourselves for a while and get out of the sum of human sin and con- into the pure air and the bright sequent misery and the upbuild- sunshine, and catch up a song of ing of men and women. mirth and joy from the beautiful Although at our College there is a Young Men's Christian Asso- and lively scenes of nature all ciation and a Young Women's around us. Life is too short to Christian Temperance Union, yet be spent in needless sorrowing. the Christian Endeavor has its place and reaches some that the other organizations The Young Peoples' Society of do not. Al- though only about two years Christian Endeavor, first organ- since the work was begun it has ized twelve about years ago, has been a means of great strength to had a remarkable growth until it many and its influence has been 204 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. of the character that lives after I^EI^SONALS. this life.

B. The mind, like the body, be- B. Walker is attending comes vigorous, to a great extent, school at Elon College. according to the food on which it Y Will Pickard is clerking in a is sustained. Hence what to read dry goods store at and study is a question which Ramseur. greatly concerns us. Favored as ^Oliver Newlin is now a student we are with such variety and at Thompson's School in Siler abundance of literature, we can- City. not be justified in refusing to employ the means which tend to the N Ed. Worth has the position of highest mental culture. The superintendent of a cotton mill at source from which to select our reading matter being so abundant, Gaffney's, South Carolina. should in great care be taken mak- Oscar E. Wilson now travels in ing this choice. The writings of the interest of the Keeley Insti- certain authors readily commend themselves. Some works give tute of Greensboro, N. C. warning at first appearance of evil ' Pattie A. Newlin is clerking in within. To draw a distinct line of the dry goods establishment of division in this particular would be M. Wrenn, of High Point. difficult. However, it is safe to J. assert that whatever tends to lift Conductor Stagg, whose run is the thoughts upward and raise the between Winston and Greens- intellect to a higher sense of truth boro, was a student here in and virtue is worthy to be read by all; any book which produces an i872-'7 3 . opposite result should not be ^ James B. Duke is now in New trifled with. One of the most York City where he holds the po- powerful agencies for advancing the cause of evil among us sition as President of the Ameri- is the corrupt literature afloat can Tobacco Company. in our land. Many minds are Allen, '51, lives near starving to-day from lack of prop- Job. Snow er mental food. A vast host of Camp, N. C, where he spends our young people are led into evil his declining years in the midst of through the influence of reading plenty and happiness. matter, the least touch of which would defile even the purest char- ' Isaac Stanley, who was here in acters. Reading a short story or i849-'50-'5i, is a prosperous book of the baser character may farmer of Southern Guilford. He seem to be a very small thing, but has for some years been a patron every such act helps to soften the of this school, thereby showing brain and render it unfit for anything good. We surely cannot his loyalty to and confidence in afford to view this matter lightly. New Garden. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 205

-'Lola Stanley, '89, is meeting Mary A. Dixon, a student here with success as principal of a in the seventies, is now engaged school at Elmore, near Laurin- in teaching. She and her hus- burg, in Richmond county. band, Prof. Zeno H. Dixon, who was a member of our Faculty for Rebecca Saunders Ogburn, a a year, have charge of the Yad- student here many years ago, has kinville High School in Yadkin a pleasant home near Summer- county, N. C. field, in Guilford county. Mary Starbuck Wheeler, known Caroline Donnell Roberts, who to students in the early fifties as was here in 1849, now lives at Mollie Starbuck, died on February husband, Kernersville, where her 27th. She had lived an unassum- Calvin Roberts, is a well to do ing but earnest Christian life and merchant. died in the happiness of simple James, Lewis and Lizzie Hoge, trust. She leaves a husband and sons, all all of whom were once students two with of whom we sympathize. at this place have gone with their parents to Colton, St. Mary's coun- Alice Carr King, of Archdale, ty, Md., where they will reside. has recently returned from a visit to Philadelphia to Sarah Scull, Guilford was glad to receive re- widow of the late Edward Scull, cently a photo of Mary Harris for both benefactors of this institu- the College Album. This cultured tion. While away she called at woman was once a student and Bryn Mawr College to see Julia teacher here and is now librarian S. White, a former teacher at this at Earlham College. institution, and Virginia Ragsdale, Mendenhall recently Judith has a late student, and was very much left her Greensboro home, where pleased with the surroundings. she has lived for many years, and Adaline Swaim Taylor, '51, has has removed to the old Menden- for a number of years lived in the hall homestead at Jamestown vicinity of N. G. B. S. —a quiet and where she will live with her aged pious woman. Her children have sister, Minerva Mendenhall. nearly all attended this school On the 16th of March, in and have gone from the maternal J Greensboro, E. B. Hodgin and roof to try the realities of life. Rodema Hockett, both former Only two remain to cheer the students of this place, were mar- mother in her feeble age. Not-

ried by Rev. Jas. R. Jones. The withstanding her ill health bodily

COLLEGIAN wishes them a long she is still strong in faith and love and happy married life. and happiness. a

206 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Another student of N. G. B. S. LiOGALS. has entered the ranks of those who march by twos. Samila Cox April showers are April greet- of Edgar, Randolph Co., was mar- ings. ried on April 5th, to Nathan H. Prep: What is a dumb bell — Farlow. The COLLEGIAN extends bell without a clapper ? best wishes. For fresh and salted yarns call Shube G. Hodgin, a former stu- on Wiley and Carrell. dent of Guilford College is now D. Pannill spent Easter at senior salesman at Brown's Cloth- John ing House, Greensboro. his home in Reidsville. Hannah Anderson Copeland, April Fool's day somewhat the monotony of things. '49-'50, lives near Rich Square, in broke Northampton county. For nearly The Trustees met on April 4th. two years she has been suffering The attendance was quite large. as a cripple, but notwithstanding A number of new students en- this is lively and pleasant as of old. tered college at the middle of the W. E. Farlow has recently gone term. to Wilmington, Del., where he will Prof. Root attended the Sabbath engage in kind of work in a some School Conference recently held belt factory. in Durham. It was with a feeling of sadness All of our representatives from that we learned of the death of Winston-Salem returned to their Elva Overman, of Goldsboro. homes to spend Easter. She was in attendance here in y new tennis courts have 8g-'go, and endeared herself to Two recently been completed — one many by her frank and lively manner. Since leaving school each for the boys and girls. she has been much afflicted, at The Botany class of '93 has al- times suffering terribly, but always ready commenced its "deep inci- patiently. She peacefully breathed sions" among the flowers. her last on March 10th. Only It has been definitely decided our Heavenly Father knows why that all the graduates shall speak one so young and promising on Commencement day. must be taken from this life, but We were glad to have with us this we do know, that God knows for a few days in March, Laura best. To the sorrowing relatives we would say you are not alone Davidson, agraduate of theBoard- in your grief. ing school in '88. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 207

Prof. E. C. Perisho delivered the I The Y. M. C. A. sent a good address at the close of Marion delegation to the State Conven- Chilton's school at Westfield. tion held at Winston April 6-9, A full report of the "Mid-term examinations" is the Convention will appear in leading news item since our last next issue. issue. How pleasant to think of The Seniors have asked the them as past! Faculty that a Baccalaureate sermon be this Lindley and Petty washed their preached year, and we understand that faces for the last time a few days the request

has been g ranted - ago and threw their wash stand | out the window. We were pleased to see Chas. L. with us Wm. H. Coffin, a man well VanNoppen recently. He also brought out a known in this vicinity, has been hack "chuck spending several days here with full" of Greensboro girls on the friends and acquaintances. evening of the first.

The Base Ball club has not been Addison Coffin started for his home in Indiana on organized as yet this term, and April 4th. He will probably return in very little interest seems to be May and superintend taken in the game. some excursion parties to the Western states. If there is not a revolution soon Addison Coffin in the water supply and bathing received a letter a few days ago which facilities at Archdale, somebody was mailed to him over a year fol- is going to hear something drop. ago and lowed behind him in his entire The late c t addition to our Mu- trip through Europe and Palestine. seum is a Caswell county beaver. The ground about the It has been mounted in an almost Y. M. C. perfect manner by our Taxider- A. Hall has recently been leveled mist. up and sown in grass. This is a Prof Root has recently organ- great improvement and we shall soon have a beautiful in ized an interesting Bible class for lawn front of the building. members of the Y. M. C. A. The class meets every Sunday after- We regret that Mary M. Petty noon. has been compelled to give up On the evening of April 3d an her duties as teacher for the pres-

interesting Missionary meeting ent, on account of ill health. The was held at Founders' Hall—this COLLEGIAN wishes her a speedy taking the place of the regular recovery and an early return to prayer meeting. the college. —

208 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Prof. F. S. Blair has been at the The Seniors were granted a College for several days. week's vacation beginning on Read the advertisement of April 10th, and at the same time Brown's Clothing House in this the oration machine began to get issue of the COLLEGIAN. Shube up steam — puff and blow, and G. Hodgin and VV. L. Cranford are finally grind. both with this popular house. About twenty charming young ladies Dr. Creecy, who is well-known from the State Normal at- throughout the State, has been tended the Clay Entertainment. secured to deliver the Annual Ad- We are unable to give their names dress before the Societies on the but whoever they were we hope evening of May 31st. they will come again and bring the rest along with them. "We We note much improvement on will meet them at the gates" with the campus this spring, and by "outstretched hearts." Commencement the College will be surrounded by one green para- Annie Petty, previous to her dise. departureto South Carolina, where Eula L. Dixon, Emma E.Stan- she goes to accept a position, gave ley and Mary H. Arnold repre- a reception to her classmates sented the Y. W. C. T. U. at the thejuniors —atherhomeinGreens- Y. M. C. A. Convention at Win- boro on the evening of April 5th. ston. The occasion was a most enjoy-

The Class of '93 has selected a able one and greatly appreciated very handsome design for Com- by those who attended. mencement invitations. They Without doubt the most import- will be sent out about the first of ant event since the Inauguration May. was the JUNIOR TREE PLANTING Earnest Thacker, a graduate of which occurred on the night of

Davidson College, paid the col- April 1st at 11 o'clock. It is un- lege a visit some weeks ago and derstood that the exercises were delivered an interesting address quite similar to a funeral service. before the students on the subject This is one of the "new" customs of "Calls to the Ministry." the Juniors have gotton up.

The gymnasium in the Y. M. C. We were glad to see the fol- A. Hall has at last been started lowing alumni present at the Clay with a horizontal bar, parallel Entertainment: bars, Indian clubs, rings, etc. A. E. Alexander, Other additions will be made as John Benbow, Geo. W. Wilson, soon as practicable. Lollie D. Worth, Edna Farlow, THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 209

Walter W. Mendenhall, W. J. pleasant one. Some of the coup- Thompson and Genevieve Men- les, who doubtless had but a lim- denhall. David White, Jr., was ited supply of subjects to talk also at the college on the day fol- about, arrived early on the historic lowing. spot, while others—choosing to take periodic rests by the wayside We were pleased to see the fol- —arrived quite late in the after- lowing visitors at the college on noon, but in ample time to receive April 1st: A. E. Blair, J. B.White, a cordial greeting from the genial A. N. Perkins, Jeptha Parker, Dr. Judge Schenck and to get a Burton, Luella Anderson, Mrs. W. pleasant ride on the lake. Much J. Armfield, Mrs. Allen Tomlin- of the time was spent in looking son, Moffit, Irma Menden- through the valuable museum and dall, Ida Shaver, Sankie Gilbert, viewing the various monuments Oliver Newlin, Mrs. Isaac Stanley, and mementoes scattered over the Amos Kersey, Barney Jennett, grounds. The pure water from A. R. Hammer, Henry Donald, J. the three beautiful springs was Thos. Matthews, D. H. Blair, W. refreshing, and the springs them- E. Woody, E. C. Blair and brother, selves seemed to inspire and ani- N. D. Andrews and John Sharp. mate those who lingered about EASTER MONDAY. them. At 5:30 p. m. supper was pre- Easter Monday was one of those pared in the large pavillion, and days which was of such a charac- while the collation was in pro- ter as to cause the heart of every gress the April showers which student to throb alternately with had made things lively during the hope and anxiety. It was a holiday were transformed into an day at the college, but April April tempest. This was the showers cared nothing for a holi- closing scene of the day and while day and thus a conflict arose. it was still in progress the home- All had been expecting to take ward journey was begun—wagons a trip to the Battle Ground on this being provided for the girls, while day, under the guidance of Addi- most of the boys went on foot son Coffin, and when the sun through the slush. finally came out toward noon, it In spite of the weather and all was definitely decided to make other attendant perplexities, ev- the start. ery one seemed to have heartily The walk to the Battle Ground, enjoyed the experiences of the about four miles distant, was a day. 210 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

GXGHANGBS. A vivid description of "Bath," the oldest town in the State, and the

The Silver and Gold is thebest home of the desperado Edward of our weekly exchanges and al- Teach, is very interesting. arrives ways on time. The Reveille, in a series of ar- The contents of The Butler Col- ticles on "The Southern Pleiad," legian show care and study. The gives us an idea of the eminent editorial and exchange depart- literary ability of Southern writers, ments are admirably conducted. and suggests that with such talent the South should hold a more The Southern Educator furnish- commanding position in the great es valuable information upon world of letters. teaching and the manner of conducting a recitation systematically. We welcome with pleasure The Hamilton College Monthly into our The College Visitor publishes literary circle. In the perusal of an article on "Common Errors in its columns the reader finds much the Use of English," the careful of interest. "The Historic Me- reading of which would be of un- moirs of Holyrood," "Richard I," told benefit to those who wish to "Natty Bumppo," "Alexander speak correctly and to make a Pope," "The Way-Side Inn," wise choice of words. "The Sage of Menlo Park," and The Penn Chronicle contains a "The Gypsies in Guy Mannering" biographical sketch of that emi- are titles of fair productions. nent divine and pulpit orator, In the February issue of The Philips Brooks, showing the sin- Oak Leaf the character and ser- cerity of his purpose, the simplicity vice of two eminent American and purity of his life, and the Statesmen is ably discussed. The grandeur of his character. voice and council of one, so ardent The Tennessee University Stu- in the nation's service, has ceased dent contains some valuable to be heard. The other has re- thoughts upon "Shakespeare as cently received the highest honor an Actor," showing the magic that is in the power of the Amer- power and great ability of the ican people to bestow, and stands man who stands preeminent as the chief magistrate of this among dramatic writers. nation.

The University Magazine for We have before us The Wake February has been received. Its Forest Student for February. It contents as usual are very good. is an unusually good number. —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 211

"The Theft of Thought," "The "Katerina," while the article on Nation's Safe-guard," "Thomas "Electricity" is very instructive. Nelson Page on the Old South," "A Murrain Among Scape Goats" and "The Annexation of the is a creditable production, show- Hawaiian Islands" are the titles of ing depth of thought and careful some of the articles which are study. well treated, reflecting credit upon the writers. T. M. 0. A.

The Emory Phoenix published Interest in the religious organi- at Emory College, Oxford, Ga., is zations connected with our College a bright and attractive college has been increased in consequence paper. Many of its articles are of the wonderful season of refresh- spicy and show unmistakable ing with which the Lord has lately marks of literary ability. visited us. For a long time the

The March number is quite need of such a revival has been voluminous, the entire paper be- felt in our midst. Christian stu- ing given to the exercises perform- dents and others interested in the ed on class day of the class of '93. college have realized the gracious result of their prayers and labors. The Roanake Collegian for The work was begun under the March tells of the condition of earnest efforts of W. R. Gales, who that institution at the close of the was with us for a few days, having war, and how it was liberated from come, it seems, at the proper time debt, how new buildings were to set in motion the energy which erected, and the necessary equip- lay dormant in not a few of our ments provided by the generosity pupils. After his departure the of its many friends. The manners, work continued, nor had the in- customs and language of the Ja- terest abated when the series of panese is clearly described in an services closed after a blessed sea- article on "How I Study Japanese." son of ten days. Faculty and stu- The Carolinian for this month dents were active throughout the has arrived on time with many meeting. The attendance of the changes since the last issue. A unconverted and the general char- new board of officers has been acter of the services showed far elected, and the journal has put more than ordinary interest in on anew dress of a golden hue such work. a decided improvement. As a result, about forty persons The table of contents is full; were brought to Christ, leaving beginning with the title of quite only a few of the pupils without an exciting and romantic story on hope of salvation. With this in- 212 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. crease in number and with such a not suffice for the advancement of renewal of spiritual strength in the association. the older members. The Christian Let the gymnasium, the read- body of students has cause for en- ing-room, and every suitable couragement to press on in a means that is available be used to greater field of labor. Each per- enliven and further the cause. son will be wonderfully sustained We want a full, well-rounded by association with so many godly Christianity. lives. The right application of One great secret of success in these lives means a higher plane the Y. M. C. A. lies in committee of religion among us and a greater work. We cannot work without sphere of usefulness for the school. system. Each member should Apparent cause for discourage- know definitely what to do, and ment may follow, but the point is should be assigned to that sphere to hold the position already gained in which he can best apply his and daily press on toward some- energy. If the work is divided thing higher. among the members, each one A much needed gymnasium is will feel a greater interest and re- being equipped in our Y. M. C. A. sponsibility, and the amount of hall. In a short time we hope to work accomplished will be much offer to the young men greater in- greater than otherwise. A great ducements in this line of culture. deal of labor in the world is lost The association needs to'work on for the want of being properly as broad basis as possible. The planned and applied. An im- college association, in particular, portant duty of the Y. M. C. A. should help its members to build president is to see that the work themselves up mentally, morally is wisely divided among his fel- and physically. It must present low-laborers. This requires tact itself to the young men in such a on his part, but he must have his

light as to convince them of its forces duly arranged if he would value to them. make true success of the work. Spiritual growth is, of course, F. W. G. the prime object of the Y. M. C. A., but we cannot properly develop The regular business meetings this one power at the expense of of the Y. M. C. A. are held on the others which are essential aids to third Wednesday of each month its progress. Prayer-meeting and at 7 P. M. Members should not religious testimonies alone will forget this. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 213 DIRECTORY.

JOHN BRIGHT LITERARY SOCIETY. PHILAGOREAN LITERARY SOCIETY.

President— E. S. White. President — Eula L. Dixon. Vice-President— Jos. E. Blair. Vice-President-^ Mattie D. Washburn. Secretary — Mary M. Petty. Secretary— Lucille Armfield. Treasurer T. Woodley. —W. Treasurer—Annie F. Petty. Librarian F. — W. Grabbs. Librarian — Eula L. Dixon. Marshal— C. F. Tomlinson. Marshal—Annie F. Petty. WEBSTERIAN LITERARY SOCIETY. President -H. B. Worth. Y. M. C. A. Vice-President— T. H. Peele. — Secretary — H. A. White. President C. F. Tomlin-on. Vice-President J. P. Parker. Asst. Secretary J. W. Woody, Jr. — — Recording Sec Treasurer— F. W. Grabbs. —T. G. Pearson. Corresponding Librarian — H. A. White. Sec—-E. S. White. Treasurer Marshal—T. G. Pearson. — O. E. Mendenhall. HENRY CLAY LITERARY SOCIETY. Y. w. c. T. u. President— E. O. Reynolds. Vice-President—]. O. Ragsdale. President— Addie Wilson. Secretary —Wm. Armfield. Vice-President— Isabella Woodley. Asst. Secretary —W. H. Wheeler. Recording Sec — Callie Stanley.

Treasurer —W. J. Carrell. Treasurer—Eula L. Dixon. Librarian — E. O. Reynolds. Corresponding Sec— Mattie D. Wash-

Marshal—W . G. Wiley. burn.

// c. J HEADQUARTERS FOR

NEW CLOTHING! /. NEW HATS OUR SPRING STOCK OF Clothing, Iffrats and Cwents' Furnishing 6rood§

is now complete and ready for inspection. We invite everybody to take a look through our Large and Beautiful stock of New Styles of Clothing and Hats.

If you want to buy New Goods and Latest Styles don't fail to see our stock and learn our prices before you buy. We can save you money. Very respectfully,

The Leading Clothiers, Hatters and Gents Furnishers of Greensboro, N. C.

Selesmen : —Chas. E. Moore, Chas. H. McKnight, D. S. Hoover, C. M. Vanstory. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIA1N.

J. ¥. SCOTT tJ f% & CQ

GREENSBORO, N. C. WHOLESALE MERCHANTS,

AJ%*D DEALERS IJV JV. C. DRIED FRUITS.

Correspondence Solicited. n The University of North Carolina

For needy young men of talent and character, and loan funds for the very needy. The equipment includes TWENTY-ONE TEACHERS,

President, GEO. T. WINSTON,

Chapel Hill, N. C. 1

OOISTTElSrTS.

I. Ode IV. —Horace 215

II. Goethe's Childhood and Youth. By LOUISE COFFIN JONES 216

III. A Negative View of Hawaiian Annexation. By J. E. Blair 219

IV. Spelling Reform Triumphant. By J. FRANKLIN Davis, A. M„... 222

V. Higher Education for all. C. F. Tomlinson 225

VI. Italian Marvelous Works of Art. Dr. J. W. MORGAN 227

VII. Our Summer Birds. T. G. PEARSON 23

VIII. The Morehead Oratorical Contest 232

VII. Editorials 234

VIII. Personals 237

IX. Locals 239

X. Exchanges 241

XI. Y. M. C. A 242

XII. Directory . . 244

The Guilford Collegia n

Vol. V. MAY, 1893. No. 8.

ODE IV.—HORACE.

TO LUCIUS SESTIUS.

"Solvitur acris /items."

By spring and zephyr's gladsome sway Unloosed, stern winter hastes away. Again the vessel tempts the sea; The herds again bound o'er the lea; His ingle-nook the hind forsakes, And frosts no longer bleach the brakes. Beneath the moon, o'er grassy meads The sprightly dance soft Venus leads; And linked the Nymphs' and Graces' train With foot alternate beats the plain;

While Mulciber with kindling fires The Cyclops' toilsome forge inspires, Now round the brow be myrtle twined In verdant braid; now chaplets bind Of flowers, from earths freed bosom thrown; The sacrifice now lead to Faun, Lambkin or kid, which'er he claim, In grove deep— hallowed with his name. Pale Death knocks with impartial foot At prince's hall and peasant's hut; Warned, Sestius, by life's brief amount Forbear on distant bliss to count. Soon, soon to realms of night away, Hurned where fabled spectres play, 2l6 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Thou shalt, 'neath Pluto's shadowy doom,— Thyself a shadow,—thither come, No more shall dice allot to thee The banquets jovial sovereignty; Nor Chloe more shalt thou admire The Virgin's pride, the youth's desire. — Translated from the Latin.

GOETHE'S CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH.

BY LOUISE COFFIN JONES.

unequal strug- In reading the autobiography after a few years of in the early prime of of Goethe one is impressed by the gle, died buried in a fact that his development was manhood and was favored by the surroundings and pauper's grave. through circumstances of his early life. Rut Goethe, from birth, breathed For him there were no chilling his long life, to his death, that was congenial blasts of poverty, no bitter dis- an atmosphere he couragements, no long stretches to harmonious development ; faculty after faculty, of time when he had to struggle unfolded after power, as a tree in the for merely physical existence power unfolds bud and without being able to make any right soil and air produces fruit. advance in the intellectual life. flower and

Compare his life with that of " No chill penury repressed his noble rage, Robert Burns, whose very suc- Nor froze the genial current of his soul." cesses were tragic, because they August 28, inspired hopes that were never to He was born 1749, which encouraged at Frankfort-on-the-Main. be realized ; grandfather was chief ambition, only to thwart it finally His magistrate of the town, and utterly. judge or influence and Or to pass from the realm of a man of much His father was to" that of music, compare highly respected. poetry j with that of Mozart, who a gentleman of independent for- his lot j tune who had studied and traveled was a genius of the highest order, j the hard, much, and was a collector of rare but unable to cope with j editions of his favorite authors, practical realities of life, and who | THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 217 of drawings, engravings, and other could read the Old Testament in works of art. His mother was a the original, which he did with woman*of excellent judgment and enthusiasm, poringover the scenes good mind, well educated for her of Oriental hfe which it opened day, but without any pronounced before him and recognizing the turn, either literary or artistic. dramatic effect. She was a typical German house- He early became familiar with wife, who administered in her lit- the theatre, with actors and tle realm with careful oversight actresses, and wrote a play for the and bustling industry. In her stage. large house, cleanliness, order and He excelled in horse-back rid- everything was a skill- comfort reigned ; ing, was a graceful dancer, done at the right time and in the ful fencer and an expert swim- right way, and her servants were mer. forbidden gossip. He wrote long poems which his From some other source than father carefully bound, but which his mother did the little Wolfgang the poet himself subsequently inherit his tendency to romantic destroyed. At church he took dreams, his faculty for improvising rapid notes of the sermons which long stories, his love for legends. he afterward transcribed in full. He liked to visit the places in his Besides all this he found time to native town which had been fa- develop under his grand-father's mous in history, to watch the boats instruction a love for gardening ; unloading on the river, to wander he and his sister took an interest through the streets seeing the in raising silk worms; he learned buying and selling. But he says : to clean and restore old engrav-

" I always flew past the meat- ings ; he made a collection of stalls, narow and disgusting as coats-of-arms. they were, in perfect horror." Yet there seems to have been The delicate aesthetic sense which no undue crowding, no forcing of came to full development in the his growth. His development man was absolutely alive in the went on naturally, " unhasting, sensitive child. unresting." He came in contact No pains were spared in his ed- with all classes of people. He ucation. He was taught music, says: " My father had early ac- and drawing and painting; hehad customed me to manage for him teachers in English, French, Ital- his little affairs of business. In ian and Greek. Of his own ac- this way I gained access to all he took up Hebrew cord and of the workshops ; and as it was studied under a Rabbi until he natural to me to enter into the 218 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. condition of others, to feel every But she is cast aside like the rest, species of human existence and and her place is succeeded by sympathize in it with pleasure, Lilli, to whom the poet is formally these commissions were to me the betrothed; the engagement how- occasion of many delightful ever is soon broken off. These hours." various affairs of the heart extend He studied law; he read his- over the time of the poet's study tory; he was deeply interested in at the University of Leipzig, an the politics of his times. He interval spent at home in recovery touched existence at many angles from his sickness, his attendance — he " came and went and sipped at Strasburg and a journey into the foam of many lives." Some Switzerland. Various shorter of us whose vision is limited to a journeys, up and down the Rhine, narrow range of topics, seem, and through other parts of Ger- when compared to this world-cit- many gave constant variety and izen, little more than Caspar Hau- change, and he was always meet- ser in his cell', and our feeble ing with noted men, particularly efforts and ambitions the " blind authors, with whom he formed misgivings of a creature moving friendships. about in a world not realized." He seems to have had an eager

But it is said that the most per- desire for knowledge, and to have fect crystal has a flaw when close- laid the foundation at this period

ly scrutinized, and it seems to us of that thorough and universal that the flaw in Goethe's charac- culture which distinguished his ter was — not an intellectual, but a riper manhood, yet he was not moral one. He accepted all things what is called now-a-days a that afforded him pleasure as his "grind." He says of himself, by sovereign right, regardless of " Patient industry was not my the consequence to others. talent, for nothing gave me plea- Thus Gretchen, his first love, sure except what came to me at was quickly succeeded by Anna, once." who in turn gaveplace toLucinda. When he perceived any weak- Frederika, the daughter of a coun- ness or nervousness in himself he try parson, whom Goethe com- cured himself by heroic treatment. pared to the Vicar of Wakefield, Thus, he says, he had a fear of was the next recipient of his fickle high places, of loud noises and of affections. She was a beautiful repulsive objects. To overcome character, fresh as a wild flower, the first he frequently ascended and attracts our interest and sym- the spire of the Strasburg cathed- pathy more than any of the others. ral; for the second he forced him- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 219

self to stand near cannon at the "The Sorrows of Werther," "Eg- time of their being fired, until he mont" and smaller productions.

grew accustomed to the reports; One epoch of his life is closed; and for the third he attended the before him stretches the triumph- clinics until he became indifferent ant career of his riper manhood.

to the objects seen there. He is on the point of starting to He seems to have had a sincere Weimar; already plans for Faust attachment for his only sister, and are maturing in his brain. The his love for his mother was un- "storm and stress" period of his

feigned, but his father is not de- life is over; fruitful years stretch picted in an amiable light, and before him to be closed by there was evidently little congen- "An old age serene and bright iality between them. As is Lapland night." Up to the time at which we take leave of him, he had written Reno, Nevada.

A NEGATIVE VIEW OF HAWAIIAN ANNEXATION.

The history of the downfall of extended territory, Napoleon

nations is read in the records of would never have met his Water- their conquests. loo Invariably the greed for ex- The founders of our govern- tended territory has been the ment —wisely profiting by the les- cause which has effected the ruin son of the downfall of other na- of the once proud civilizations of tions brought to ruin through their the Orient. love of avarice—established for Had Persia not lost sight of her us a policy entirely different from home interests in her intoxicated that of former nations. This prin- desire for new territory, <:he glory ciple as set forth by the Declara- of Xerxes would not have been tion of lndependance and in our

lost at the pass of Thermopylae. Constitution is one not of war, Had the prince of young generals but of peace; not of national contented himself with the up- greed, but of quiet contentment. building of his own empire, Alex- It's whole meaning in a few words

ander would not have perished is, we shall attend to our home amid the ruins of Babylon. affairs, regardless of the surround- Had the brilliant Emperor of ing world.

France controlled his ambition for It is plainly seen that the meas- 220 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. ures which those who favor the lution prevailing in the Islands, annexation ofthe Hawaiianlslands dethroned the rightful Queen and would adopt, are in direct contra- made propositions of annexation diction of this principle. Why to the United States. should we depart from this Amer- Prof. Joseph Moore—a man who

i ican policy, which has placed us won the utmost confidence and in the zenith of national glory and respect of all with whom he came won for us both the admiration in contact while at the head of this and respect of all Powers now Institution— a man who is an ex- existing ? tremest on no point—having spent One argument which is con- six months among the natives of stantly used by those who favor Hawaii, says through the columns annexation, is based upon the of a New York paper, "Hasty sub- supposition that if the United jection of the natives to the United States does not assume control of States would have a tendency to the Islands some other power will; excite jealousy and disturb the and that in taking possession of peace." the Islands and 'bidding defiance The natives have been given no to all foreign powers will be a voice in the matter. Yet the sup- grand manifestation of that spirit porters of annexation would have called by some "Americanism;" these people subjected to our

but I think myself safe in saying laws without further knowledge of that true Americanism, as set their wishes.

forth by our Constitution, is that Our government is now greatly of an honorable, unpresuming agitated by the formidable aspect man toward his neighbors, and which foreigners have taken here. that not the slightest spirit of ri- We don't think it right for foreign- valry was ever fostered by the ers to take possession of our gov- founders of our liberties. ernment; therefore the American Upon what theory of "democ- people should do as they would racy, self-government, or home be done by, if they wish to main- rule" was the tender ofthe Hawai- tain their dignity as a nation, and ian Islands made to the United cease to be partakers in a scheme

States ? By close examination we which will cause the natives of find that the whole treaty of an- Hawaii to be ruled by aliens. nexation was formulated by men Should the Islanders be admitted who were merely emigrants to according to our Constitution they the Islands. These men did not will be received as American citi- consult the interests of the natives, zens. Apparently little investi- but taking advantage of the revo- gation has been made as to the THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 221 people who would become Amer- had a broader conception of na- ican citizens. Possessing, as the tional grandeur, or did more to majority do. the characteristics of place us in the position which we semi-barbarians, having received now occupy as a nation than did just enough enlightenment to Jefferson. It was he who closed make them self-willed, would not the contract which gave us free the fear of foreign supremacy, access to the Mississippi, and which now hangs like an awful opened the way for the march of pall over our country, be necessa- civilization to the Golden Gate. rily increased ? When these peo- Should we annex the Islands we ple, wishing more power, shall would be departing from the poli- clamor for admittance into state- cy of Jefferson, for we would be hood, when after short delibera- obliged to protect the Islands with tion the party then in office, in a navy at the cost of at least the hope of the votes of these peo- $500,000. Another point from the ple, shall admit them into the financial view is that should we sisterhood of states, will we be make the Islands a part of us, we willing for these not even natural- would also assume its national ized Americans to send represent- debt, thus instead of obtaining atives to Washington who will them for " less than the asking,' have the same power in the gov- we will be virtually paying the ernment as our own legislators ? vast sum of $3,250,000 for a scanty We don't stand in need of territo- waste of volcanic Islands, the ry for the maintenance of our whole population of which does population. Our home industries, not exceed that of a five-year old have not yet been thoroughly de- western town. veloped; our resources are un- Our government will also have bounded. Why, then, should we to stoop so low as to pay annually wish to help pay the taxes of an $25,000 to the dethroned queen of Island almost the distance of the Islands, as hush money per-

Spain from us ? haps, to keep down the rebellion Would it not be a better policy of the natives. to improve the opportunities which The royal heir to the throne lie just at our door ? will also come in for a pension of To carry out this policy of an- $150,000. nexation it will require a navy to Evidences are becoming clear- protect the Islands. Thos. Jef- er daily which confirm the truth ferson said: " Nothing should ever that the whole Hawaiian revolu- be accepted which will require a tion was " of sugar, by sugar, and navy to protect it." No man ever for sugar." A clause in the agree- 222 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. ment between the Spreckles com- new territory to be in direct contra- pan)' and the leading planters of diction to our national policy ; 2d: Hawaii clearly demonstrates this thatin acceptingthe Islands we re- point. The contract says that ' ceive them with the consent of but should Hawaii at any time be an- a few of the inhabitants; 3d: the un- nexed to the United States, the wholesome population which will planters having received their su- be fused with us; 4th: the enormous gar bounties, shall not take the expense which we will necessarily whole, but shall give the refining incur —regardless of the other rea- half. This not only sons, why should we annex the Ha- company j proves that the whole treaty ofjwaii Islands, when we now have a treaty with them, established in annexation was gotten up by j sugar capitalists, but should we 1875, which gives all the privileges annex the Islands we will be on the Islands for which our gov- obliged to pay out $5,000,000 an- eminent could wish— free trade nually in sugar bounties, half of with them, liberty to establish j which will go to foreigners and naval and coaling stations, and j in fact control, the other half to capital, which \ absolute except now owns half our wealth. perhaps the expensive and respon-

The fact that a large per cent. sible duty of ruling them ! of the leading citizens of Hawaii If there were anything to be were originally Americans, does gained by annexation we must not place us under any obligation remember that the treaty made to form for them a government, with the dead king of Hawaii when we remember that they have should be held as a sacred writ, voluntarily absented themselves and that the American people from our government to become cannot afford to waive this treaty mere adventurers in a distant for the benefit of perhaps a few island. far sighted capitalists in Hawaii.

Knowing 1st: the grasping of J. E. Blair, 96.

SPELLING REFORM TRIUMPHANT.

BY J. FRANKLIN DAVIS, A. M.

Quietly but surely the cause of necessary to argue in its behalf in improved spelling is making wel-informed circles. No one progres. The first stages of the whose authority is worthy of at- conflict ar past. It is no longer tention would risk his reputation THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 223 as a scholar by opposing the rank almost any passage of scripture, and file of scholars, filanthropists it being subject to much private and patriots whose united efforts, interpretation, but the authority even if in an unobtrusiv manner, of the dictionary is infallibl. True ar turning more and more in the it is the function of a dictionary

direction of this greatest reform to indicate hwat is good usage, and

of the age; but it is not my pur- not to create usage by authority, pose on this occasion to marshal but the two things in practice go the names of its advocates, but to very much hand in hand. The best call attention to some of the more authority in the English speaking unmistakabl signs of progres world has declared for certain hwich ar to be observed in the amended spellings as laid down present attitude of the press and in the joint rules of the English the great publishing houses. The and American Philological Socie- very fact that these movements are ties and Spelling Reform Associ-

unobtrusiv is a guarantee of their ations, hwich is sufficient to pro- effectivnes. Any thorogoing sys- duce conviction and induce com- tem, however perfect, hwen foisted pliance in practice on the part of

upon the public, is sure to excite those who hold that the usage of opposition on the part of those the best makes authority and the

whom it is intended to benefit, standard in matters of language, because of ignorant prejudice and but for those others this standard disinclination to change, hwich authority must be reflected in the may cause some effort on their standard dictionaries; and that we

part. There is a large 'and re- are now coming to hav. spectabl element of our education- The practice we hav on the part al community, even, tho not very of the membership of the above- intelligent in reference to matters mentioned associations in general of language, and of our own lan- correspondence, and in part also guage in particular, who ar slow- in standard publications, learned to take up the reform as an activ works and text-books, the period- and practical matter, because they ical press, as exemplified by The do not, or rather hitherto hav not National Baptist, The National

found it sanctioned by that infal- Journalist, some of the publica- libl authority, the dictionary. tions of the Century Company and That has seemed to be the great The Christian Union, but most desideratum. There ar those who thoroly and persistly by the Inde- appear to regard the dictionary as pendent, a periodical of the high- the book of books. There may be est standing, hwich not only pub- question about the applicability of lishes frequent articles in favor of 224 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. reform, but has in its composing persistent in common use, as room a long list of words, many island, scythe, scent, etc., the cold of hwich ar representative, ac- facts showing how these blunders cording to hwich it makes its arose, and indicating the correct weekly appearance, such as, tho, restored, or amended form, rime, altho, catalog, cigaret, etiquct, etc., Hand, sithe, sent, etc." domicil gelatin (both representa- Further than this, the Century tivs of a long list,) gram, program, Dictionary prints in its last vol- etc., pony, sheath, wreath, whisky, ume the complete list of amended and many more such. And hwat spellings, according to the "joint is of the greatest importance, rules," with a strong commenda- Lowell and Tennyson in their tion by the editor in chief, Prof. later years cast their influence on W. D. Whitney. He says: "The the side of spelling reform practi- list is printed here as a record, of cally by disregarding the standard an important movement hwich orthografy and reverting to .the promises to be of special interest simpler spelling of Milton. This to lexicografers in the near future, usage is recommended as authori- and as a recognition, in addition tativ in both the Century Diction- to the remarks made in the pre- ary and the Standard Dictionary. face, of the desirablnes of cor-

A writer in Vol. II, No. 6, recting the enormities and redun- ot Spoiling, says of the former, dances of English spelling in the " The i entury Dictionary, the la- direction indicated. It is the main test, the largest and the most office of a dictionary to record elaborate dictionary of the Eng- actual usage, not to recommend lish language, has deliberately better usage; but in cases of un- thrown its great influence on the settled usage it must adopt, and side of spelling reform, declaring thus by inference recommend, one in its preface its sympathy with a form as against the rest; and in more rational system of spelling, view of the fact that the amended and a preference for the simpler spellings in question hav been rec- forms open to its choice, it has ommended by the highest filo- consistently exercised that pref- logical authorities of the English- erence thruout, choosing in each speaking world, and that they hav open case the better way, and re- been toaconsiderabl extent alredy cording under each instance of adopted, in hole or in part, by bad spelling, hwether naw partly many respectabl newspapers and repudiated in common use, as other periodicals, and by a large rhyme, (hwich the Century Dic- number of persons in private use, tionary holly repudiates,) or stil besides those who take part in the —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 225 agitation of spelling reform, they has gone even further than the can hardly be ignored in a dic- Century Dictionary. It makes tionary hwich records without use of a fonetic alfabet, known as wincing the varying orthografy of The Scientific Alfabet of the Amer- times just past, and earlier gener- ican Philological Association, to ations. The reformed orthografy indicate the pronunciation and the of the present, made with scien- words of the amended lists ar in- tific intent and with a regard for troduced into the body of the

historic and fonetic truth, is more work, and each has its vocabulary

worthy of notice, if a dictionary place, as well as the same words could discriminate as to worthi- in the usual spelling. The lists ness between two sets of facts, include about three thousand

than the oftentimes capricious and words. This dictionary is edited ignorant orthografy of the past." by a number of specialists in va- The Standard Dictionary, now rious departments, this department just being offered to the public, being under the editorial charge the most important one volume of Prof. Francis A. March, LL.D., dictionary ofthe English language, President of the American Spell- in view of the facts cited above, ing Reform Association.

HIGHER EDUCATION FOR ALL.

Education of to-day does not The idea that higher education mean what it did in the " good old is for those intending to enter the days "of our forefathers. Its sphere professions and for those alone of usefulness has been enlarged to has proven to be an erroneous one. such an extent that success in any Yet there are many people who calling in life is more dependent still uphold this doctrine.

upon it now than in former days. Higher education is good in it- The public school is an immense self. It affords a peculiar satis- factor in our civilization. It is faction to its possessor which can- the basis of our educational sys- not be secured in any other way. tem. But there is a growing need But the most important point to for a higher education among all be considered is its relation to classes of society which the public society. Take the village black- school cannot satisfy. smith for instance. His knowl- 226 THE GUILFORD COLLEGAIN. edge of Latin, Greek, or Litera- knowledge whatever of a foreign ture may not make him a better language. The educated business blacksmith, but it does make him man is the highest type of Amer- a better man. It makes him a ican citizenship and he is the man more interesting character and who is needed in the service of the moral tone of his community our government—both at home

is raised because of his culture and and abroad. knowledge. Woman as well as man occupies The merchant may not be en- an important position in relation abled to sell his goods lower, or to this higher education. She is be a better merchant because he the teacher of the race and is emi- has a knowledge of Science but he nently fitted for the exalted posi- does strengthen the society in tion she holds. But can the teach- which he moves. This very knowl- er teach without knowledge her- edge of his is an encouragement self? Can she instruct the young for general intelligence, which is rightly without a foreknowledge an essential part of a high civiliza- of the doctrines she is to teach? tion. These are questions which cannot

The business world in all its be evaded, even by those who be-

branches is in serious need of lieve that higher education should higher education. The govern- be for the/ife' and not for the many.

ment needs educated business Woman is queen of the home.

men in its services to-day. This She rules it and as ruler she should

is especially true in reference to know what it takes to make the our consulships. President Cleve- home ideal. The social fabric is

land is now experiencing consid- the most important factor in the

erable trouble in finding men who home, and unless there is intellig- have the necessary qualifications ence mingled with love and knowl- for this service. A consul must edge united with devotion, this be pre-eminently a business man, social fabric becomes dwarfed and

because his sole work is to attend degenerate.

to the business of the government Men say that if woman is going at foreign courts. He must un- to cook and sweep and keep house

derstand trade in all its branches all her life, that there is no need and must have a general knowl- for her to study Music and Art and edge of national intercourse. But Literature and Mathematics. But

it would be utterly foolish to send there is use in it —and why? Be- a man as consul to a foreign coun- cause it makes her more of a zvo- try who is not proficient in his man than she would be without own language, and who has no these accomplishments. —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 227

If more women were educated in have a hand in elevating and up- these different branches of knowl- lifting thefallen. Itis the educated edge there would be more of them —the refined —the cultured that who would give the best of their are crowning their lives with suc- days toward strengthening society cess in this work at the present instead of wearing out their lives in time. The higher the education "society." Do notlet us confound the better the work performed. the two words society and Then why withhold higher edu- "society" for they are widely dif- cation from any class? Why ferent. restrict it to any sex? Give man Music and Art and Literature more culture and more knowledge and Science are all needed in and you have given him greater society and in the home because hopes for doing good. Give wo- it brings both nearer the ideal man an equal measure of the same standard. and she will not only become a The truer key thought— of the present type of womanhood, but in generation is "do good." Men her weakness she will become and women starting out in life are strong; in her devotion she will looking- about them to see where be more steadfast; and in her love they can best aid in lifting fallen she will be more tender and more humanity. Honor and fame are sincere.

most easily attained through acts C. F. TOMLINSON, '93. of charity and nobility. All should

ITALIAN MARVELOUS WORKS OF ART.

In a former article I spoke of cross on top of the dome is four some of the Fine Arts of Italy hundred and thirty feet above the and I will now speak of some of ground. Its height and size the wonderous works of great would about represent two of the magnitude. Washington capitols, one above No doubt all my readers have the other ! Every one of the

heard and read of St. Peters eleven thousand rooms in it is Church, at Rome—the most won- finished and furnished in the most

derful structure in the world. appropriate manner. Its area is This monster church is seven about eighteen thousand square hundred feet long and three hun- yards, while the Cathedral at Milan dred and sixty feet wide and the is ten thousand and St. Paul's, in 228 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

London, is nine thousand. When From the dome of St. Peter's

I entered through the great door we could see every notable object and started to walk through the in Rome—the seven hills on building, it was impossible to whichthecity is built, theColisium, comprehend the magnitude of and the broad green Campagna, everything in it. The Mosaic extending away towards the portrait of an Apostle writing mountains, dotted with its ruined with a pen six feet long seemed arches and broken, elevated aque- only an ordinary man. ducts of olden times. We could

I attended services there on see the blue Mediterranean only two Sabbaths. Upon entering I fourteen miles distant. Around thought one small company us was spread the remnant of a round the central altar or baldac- city that once had a population of chino, composed the worshippers, four million souls—now three but I found six other altars in the hundred thousand, transepts of each isle, where I was assured by reliable service was being held with hun- ' authority that the present water dreds at each altar and not noticed supply of Rome, from aqueducts or disturbed by the others. I constructed in ancient times, is could almost believe the story, sufficient for all Rome, Paris, that ten thousand troops went to London and New York, and St. Peter's once to hear Mass and still water left! Seven' im- their commanding officer came mense aqueducts enter the city afterwards, and not finding them from the mountains, bringing

supposed they had not yet arrived; fresh, pure water from the lakes ; but they were in the church, in making it almost impossible, in

one of the transepts! Nearly ! ancient times for a besieging army fifty thousand persons assembled to cut off the water supply and in St. Peter's to hear the publish- thus compel surrender. The

ing of the dogma of the Immac- I water had been shut out of one of

I ulate Conception. I these ducts for repair, and

In a golden coffin in a crypt ' walked down in it, and found it under the baldacchino—the nu- to be made of master brick work cleus of Romanism—repose the —about twenty feet in diameter, ashes of St. Peter, you are told, Among the marvelous works of who suffered martyrdom on the art, now in ruins, the Colisium is spot where the church stands, the most remarkable. As I stood This baldacchino is supported by within and looked upon these four immense twisted porphyry ancient and now crumbling walls, columns. with weeds and flowers springing THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 229 from the massive arches and circ- the largest mass of ruins in Rome, ling seats, an impressive silence except the Coliseum. They were brooded over the monstrous built in A. D., 212, and would

structure. I thought of the mul- easily accommodate one thousand titudes of men and women who six hundred bathers at once. assembled here in other days, to This building was separated into witness gladiatoral combats, and large rooms, furnished with either

to see wild beasts destroy Christ- hot or cold water ; and several ians in the arena. The Coliseum immense rooms for plunge baths, was erected over eighteen hun- with beautiful Mosaic floors. dred years ago, and is one thou- What a luxury it must have been sand six hundred feet long, seven to the people living in a crowded hundred and fifty feet wide, and city to plunge into these baths a hundred and sixty-five feet high. and cool the heated flesh and

Its shape is oval and would seat a cleanse the dust from the skin. hundred thousand people! It is The early Romans made much constructed of blocks of traver- use of water, and if " cleanliness tine, tufa and brick. is next to Godliness." they ought

While I was standing in the to have lived nearer God, than arena, gazing on the very doors they did. through which the wild beasts On the Palatine Hil! are the were driven or let in upon the extensive ruins of the Palace of

Christians, I heard a voice from the Caesars. The Forum, where the far side of the building, calling Caesar was assasinated is very in- my name in a clear tone; looking teresting to a student or any one up with astonishment and won- who has read the speeches or the dering who would know me in lives of the noted men of the that strange place, I saw a man Forum. The mosaic floors and standing against the opposite the large broken fluted marble wall, sixteen hundred feet away columns show what a magnificent waving his hat and calling my structure it was. name—which sounded as distinct The Pantheon is the most per- as if we had been in an ordinary fect of the ancient buildings in building ! He was a man who Rome. It was built 27 B.C., and had crossed the Atlantic with me. is in a good state of preservation. At Liverpool we had parted, he The walls are fourteen feet thick. going to visit the ruins of classic The interior is a rotunda one hun- Greece, and we had now met in dred and forty-three feet in di- Rome. ameter—lighted only by a centre The Baths of Caracolla form opening of the dome. Raphael, !

230 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

the great artist, is buried here. menced in 1 174 and finished in Many other interesting things 1350. It is one hundred and

I will have to feet high and leans might be told, but j seventy-eight

describing feet, is leave Rome without \ about fourteen and about the immense old wall which sur- forty-five feet in diameter at the rounds the eternal citv, with its base. Externally, it has eight

huge gates which are closed at > ranges of columns forming as sunset every day, allowing no I many galleries, one above the egress or ingress after that The other. This tower is celebrated

many beautiful fountains and arch- , as being the place where Galileo, es, colossal statues of Castor at the age of twenty-five, made the j

and Pollux, and the she-wolf with , his four experiments in gravita- Romulus and Remus nursing at tion which established the theory j her udders, can only be mentioned, of dynamics. After reaching the

it On a fine October afternoon \ top by a staircase of two hundred

was my privilege to enter Pisa, i and ninety-three steps, I thought Italy, through one of the six gates of going to the leaning side of the j

of its ancient wall. This beautiful tower to look down and see the

city is located on the Arno River, very spot where Galileo dropped about ten kilometers from the those balls, but the scene was too

Mediterranean Sea in a beautiful frightful, and I feared my weight and fertile plain. Its mild climate might topple the tower over

attracts many invalids who often After descending I stood under find relief while staying within its the tower and looking up I almost

walls. The present population is thought I could see that noble about fifty thousand. In the 13th man dropping those balls and

: century it was one hundred and watching them as they fell ! The

fifty thousand. Virgil tells us in tower contains on top a peal of his ^Enead, book X, that "a brave seven bells, the heaviest weighing captain named Asilas came to six tons. As we left this quaint help /Eneas at the head of a old town, our host at the hotel thousand Pisan soldiers." rang a bell and every servant in stood in line at the door, On arriving at Pisa our first the house to receive a "tip" of thought was to visit the Cam- expecting a and they were not panella or leaning tower; in fact I few centisimi— could scarcely wait any time be- disappointed,

fore seeing this remarkable struc- Dr. J. W. MORGAN, ture. This quaint tower was com- Oskaloosa, Iowa. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 231

OUR SUMMER BIRDS.

By the time of the first heavy and White Creepers, and Myrtle frost in November our summer Warblers. But from that time on birds have all gone south. our summer birds began to arrive Most noticeable of those which in numbers. As the Hermit remain with us during the winter Thrush, Fox Sparrow and Golden months are the Great Carolina Crowned Kinglet left for their Wren, whose cheery song may be northern homes, their places were heard on any bright sunshiny day, promptly filled by the Wood no matter how deep the snow; the Thrush, Song Sparrow, and Pine Downy Wood-pecker that we see Warbler from the south. girdling the apple trees for the Already these have begun their insects which will be caught on summer's work. The Crows in their oozing sap; the mixed com- the pine grove back of the Presi- pany of Titmice, Chickadees and dent's already have five little ones Field Sparrows that are found on in their rude nest of sticks and the border of almost any thicket straw. The Robin is already dob- or grove; and the White-breasted bing his nest with mud, in the oak Nuthach which are usually seen west of King Hall. PVom the in twos or threes climbing up the glen below the grave-yard the larger trees of the open groves Wood Thrush is making the wood- and carefully prying into the crev- land resound with his cheery ices and' crannies of the bark- whistle as he helps his mate to after their favorite food —insects construct the home for the four and their larva. But with the first dark-blue treasures soon to fol- warm days of spring our summer low. In the dead topped tree close birds return. to Archdale Hall the Downy On March 29, a Brown Thrash- Wood-pecker is now covering her er was seen. On the evening of five snowy eggs. Nearly all the April 2d, a Whip-poor-will over birds have arrived from the south. by the grave yard announced his The Water Thrush and Wax- arrival. From that time until the wing have not yet been noted, 18th the most of the birds which but will probobly be here in a few came were migratory and only days. paid us a short call as they journied The Waxwing is a late nester,

Northward. Prominent among usually in July, so there is no very these were Parula Warblers, Black great hurry for him. The English 232 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Sparrows are, of course, here in midst of the thick shrubberry the

full force and now have their first Catbird's chirp is heard; and if we clutch of eggs deposited. will notice closely we will see But this is only the first of three darting here and there among the other sets which are to follow, so blossoms of the tulip poplar that their season's work is just begun. "ray of summer sunshine"—the From the top of the tall hickory Ruby-throated Humming-bird.

the Red-headed Wood-pecker is T. G. Pearson, '97. sounding his love call; from the

THE MOREHEAD ORITORICAL CONTEST.

Of all the mysterious things we authority we learn that the Uni- have ever had to deal with, the versity has raised no such ob- particulars concerning the above jections and also that she does mentioned contest are the most not intend to enter the contest mysterious. Last year after much herself. Surely the cry of lamen- opposition, or rather prejudice on tation did not originate with

the part of some of our sister col- Elon, for she is also a coeduca- leges, Guilford was at the last tional instiution. The logic of the moment admitted into the contest situation seems to be that the at Morehead. This year we had protest originated at some of the hoped there would be no opposi- "leading" colleges of the state tion to overcome and that we such as Davidson, Wake Forest would either be admitted without and Trinity. If such is the case protest or receive some satisfac- we beg pardon for our intrusion. tory reasons for our rejection. Not for anything would we seek But in a letter from Secretary entrance into an organization to Harrell dated April 15th, 1893, we mar and deaden the magic were informed that "the societies eloquence which only the sons of of the male colleges of the state the "leading" colleges of the had decided that they would not state can pour forth. Not for enter a contes tunless it was con- anything would we think of send- fiined to colleges for boys only." ing a young lady to such a contest, We have about located the origin knowing that the representatives of these resolutions. From good of these "leading" colleges have —— ,

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 233 such tender spots in their hearts We want nothing which we do not for the opposite sex that they merit and are not entitled to could not undergo the displeasure receive. of contesting against them. When ever some good reason

No boubt we were laboring is advanced why we should not under a delusion when we were of be admitted into the Inter-col- the opinion that the contest was to legiate centest—then and not till be "Intercollegiate." Or it may be then will we remain silent. we are not accustomed to use the There seems to be some incon- word "Intercollegiate" in such a sistency somewhere and we are limited sense. Now if we are so reminded forcibly of the old state insignificant as not to be included oratorical association which pass- among the colleges of the state ed into other realms after Guilford at all, then we had better close up had won the prize. business and take down our sign. We remember very distinctly We may not be known throughout of hearing Davidson's Executive the state by our flying colors and Committeeman of this organiza-

for our much speaking ; we may tion inform the committe assem- not have a long list of alumni to bled in Greensboro in May 1 891 stand by us in seeking admission that "unless the other colleges of into the contest, and we may not the state should enter the contest be able to stand any showing next year Davidson would with- whatever in an Intercollegiate draw." Yet not six weeks contest, but gentlemen of our previous to the time of this de- " leading" colleges tve are will- claration, Davidson had voted ing to try you. against receiving Guilford into the We think our college curriculum contest. The same sort of con- will compare favorably with that sistency seems to exist now. of any college in the state, except- It may be all right, but we are ing the University if actual work not taught this sort of consistency done is taken into consideration. at Guilford. 234 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

efficient services and her qualifi- (scuilford (Lollegiari. Ihe cations for the position she has so PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE long held. LITERARY SOCIETIES The Personal Department will Of Guilford College. be in charge of Cora E. White EDITORS: for the remainder of the present C. P. TOMLIKSON, '93. she having been elected F. VV. URABBS, '94. term, to Eunice M. Dakden, '94. fill the vacancy caused by the ASSOCIATE EDITORS: Cora E. White, '93 Personals. resignation of Amy J. Stevens. Jas. P. Pakkkk, '93. Locals. W. T. Woodley, '94 Exchanges. BUSINESS MANAGERS: Now that the custom of hazing E. S. White, '93 has become unpopular in our col- H. B Worth, '94. Mary H. Arnold, '94. leges, and largely thro' the influ-

Address all business communications to ence of the Y. M.C. A., the loyal Business Managers of Guilford Collegian, student is on the alert to make Guilford College, N. C. improvement in other things of

Subscription price : One year $i.oo doubtful propriety which almost Club rates: Six copies 5.00 unconsciously creep into college- Single copies .10 life.

The Collegian is entered at Guillord College Post Not least among these is slang, Office as second class matter. college slang, if you will. May, 1893 Upon entering college a youth or maiden may be addicted to We regret to announce that only an occasional use of slang; Eula L. Dixon has been compeldle but the habit is easily formed and to give up her duties as editor is usually begun from want of from the Philagorean Society. thought, not from a desire to be The vacancy thus caused has been rude or ill-mannered. filled by the election of Eunice Some amusing incident occurs, M. Darden, whom the COLLEGIAN or, some one whose speech is. na- gladly welcomes into its literary turally peculiar is frequently mim-

circle. It is certainly within the icked, and in this and similar ways bounds of propriety to make men- the habit is developed. tion of the fact that the retiring Our English language is one of

editor has performed no small peculiar beauty ; its vocabulary is part of the work in bringing the extensive enough to express al- Collegian up to its present most every shade of thought with- standard. We are sure that the out the use of slang. entire staff and many of our This is not a criticism on Guil- readers can testify to her highly ford College especially; slang does THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 235 not prevail among us more than specially pressing upon them, to among students of other colleges, leave undone one little duty after but there is room for improve- another and thus pile up labor for ment. a later time. It seems pleasant As people rise to a higher ap- enough for the time being to pass preciation of what our English over a lesson carelessly and in so language really is, there is a ten- doing fail to grasp some essential dency to be more careful in every matter; but when final examina- day conversation. tions begin to stare us in the face,

Aside from this there is the ver- then do we first feel a sense of our dict of conscience concerning the negligence. use of idle words. Knowing that the crowning part Peihaps we would better recog- of the term's work will depend nize the importance of carefulness much on our application to study in this respect, could we conceive during the remaining period, we of our words being spoken into a proceed to do a considerable part phonograph and thence reprodu- of a term's work in a few weeks. ced for the amusement or discom- Such a course of action is not only fort of an audience. exacting on our strength, but in The men and women who have the hurry and overwork entailed been educated at our higher insti- we fail to do satisfactory work in tutions of learning have an influ- the effort to accomplish too much. ence, perhaps greater than they If we are working simply for ex- suppose, and much is expected, of aminations, the cramming process them especially in their own may achieve our purpose; but in vicinity, therefore it behooves order to make the most possible every student to take care not to out of a term we need to make reflect an)- discredit upon his Alma thorough work as we go, always Mater, even in daily conversation. mastering each subject as we come

to it. To let the morrow "take The closing weeks of the term thought for the things of itself" bring the usual amount of extra is a safe policy, but so many peo- work which necessarily accumul- ple fail to take sufficient thought ates at this season of the college for the duties of to-day, so that year. Much of the work, how- when the morrow comes the}' are ill ever, crowding upon us at such prepared to meet it. Doing back times is caused by previous neg- work is by no means an agreeable lect. There is great tendency task, but some people never do among students in the earlier part any other kind. It was once re- of the team, when studies are not marked of a certain individual 236 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

that he was always twelve months a step in this direction by estab- behindhand. Such a one is only lishing a Normal and Industrial a type of countless others who School for girls. May she take are half asleep and need some the lead in sucli a movement un-

force to bring more of their pater- til the doors of her University nal energy into play. and colleges are thrown open to all deserving persons.

It is gratifying to see the progress which co-education is mak- PEOGEAM OP COMMENCEMENT ing. As the educational system WEEK. becomes a subject of more careful

study co-education is coming May 26th, 7:30 p. m. —Annual Oratori- more into favor. It is surely cal Contest of Websterian Society. time for the so-called weaker sex May 27th, 7:30 p. m. — Annual Oratori- to be allowed the same advan- ical Contest of Henry Clay Society. tages in school life as the young May 28th, 11 a. m. — Baccalaureate Ser- men. Experience has proved mon by Rev. Thomas Hume, D. D., of that education of both sexes in the State University. the same school works to the best good of the two. A mixed school May 30th, 7:30 p. m. -Annual Enter- tainment by the John Bright Literary can offer advantages which are Society. not possible in others, and objections to such an institution can May 31st, 11 a. m. — Graduating Exer- cises of Senior Preparatory Cl?ss. be readily overcome if we will

just lay aside our prejudices and 31st, m. — Meeting of the j May 4 p. broaden our views in accordance Alumni Association. Alumni Ad- with the progress and civilization dress by George W. Wilson, '92.

of our age. The day is coming I May 31st, 7:30 p. m. — Address before when co-educational institutions the Literary Societies by W. S. will no longer be looked upon as Creasy, D. D., of Cnarlotte. inferior in strength and quality, June 1st, 10 a. m. — Commencement. when this selfish, narrow-minded Baccalaurate Address by Prof. Joseph disposition will be removed, and Moore, LL. D., of Earlham College, the young women of our land Richmond, Ind. will be permitted to compete with All the above exercises will be held in the young men for the highest King Hall. The public cordially invited honors. Our own State has taken to attend. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 237

E>E^50NAL

McCauley is in the office ' Claude Harold Shemwell is attending of the R. & D. R. R., Washing- school at Horner's Military Aca- demy. ton, D. C.

Clara Dixon is learning the art Junius Sullivan is engaged in of dressmaking under Mrs. Pugh, work at Woodlandy California. Greensboro.

. Martha Woody remains quietly at her home in Saxapahaw. "Allie Marsh Copeland has left Baltimore and is now with friends Alden Hadley is attending the in High Point and expects soon High School at Plainfield, Ind. to visit Guilford College. Fred Taylor is still the enter- Otelia Moffitt, Luella Cox, Cal- prising liveryman of Greensboro. lie Holiday, Ellen Hockett and and Eugene Lewallen Wm. Ida Harris taught schools near have charge of a saw mill at their homes the past winter. Asheboro. A prosperous school was taught James E. Tomlinson is manager at Westfield during the winter by of the Greensboro City Dray Marion Chilton; he is expected Line. to return to Guilford in a few days Mamie Anderson is staying at and graduate with the class of '93. home with her parents near High Ed. Farlow is now at his home Point. at Level Plains. He has recently N. Hayes finds employ- Joseph been made superintendent of a ment as clerk in his brother-in- prosperous Sunday School at Pop- law's store, Carbonton, N. C.

. lar Ridge.

Webb Smith now resides at Martha Hammond has gone to Cedar Grove, Ga., where he is not far from Den- \ Fort Morgan, engaged in farming. ver, Col., for her health. The extends best wishes Bessie White, who was with us Collegian for her entire recovery. last term, is clerking in a store at Archdale. Arthur and Ben Lyon find em- 2^8 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. ployment as bookkeepers in the ment exercises of the Columbian Duke Manufacturing Company, Class of Jefferson Medical College, Durham. Philadelphia, May 2nd, was received by one of the Faculty. Emma Hollowell, nee Petty, is were pleased to note the name now living in Greensboro where We of Nathan G. Ward among those her husband is engaged in the of mercantile business. who took the degree M. D. Milton Burrows, has the man- Frank Benbow and E. D. Stan- agement of a tack factory near ford of the class of '91 expect to the Fair Grounds at Chicago. study law at the University during the coming year. ' Everett B. king has been pursuing his studies under a private " Josiah T. White, a student at tutor at Danbury. New Garden Boarding School a number of years ago is now en- 'Married —Mattie Jones. of High joying a happy old age near Rich- Point was married to George Hol- mond, Indiana. derby, a few weeks ago.

" 7 Cornelia Thompson was made Emma L. White, '92 has been appointed State Superintendent the companion of Jno. H. Daniel during the last week of April. of the Y. W. C. T. U. She is Collegian tenders con- well qualified for the position and The gratulations and wishes a happy will no doubt fill it in a most sat- couples. isfactory manner. life to these newly married The Angel Reaper has again Ed. M. Wilson, 92 and of the garnered for the heavenly harvest class of '93 at the University won one of the former students of the Debater's Medal in the Dialec - New Garden. Mrs. Mary Duke tic Society recently. The COL- Lyon was a student at N. G. B.S. LEGIAN extends congratulations in 1871-72 She is remembered and best wishes for additional as a young woman who impressed honors. both her instructors and fellow- The friends of Thomas W. students with her purity of life Costen, who left college last and earnestness of purpose. Her spring will be glad to learn that death occurred in a hospital in he has decided to return next New York City, April 8th. The year. is a talented He young remains were brought to her home man and Guilford may well be in Durham for interment. The glad to have back again. him COLLEGIAN extends sympathy to An invitation to the commence- the bereaved ones. THE GUILFORDI L'OLLEGIAN. 241

LCOGALS. present writing the . lcls that in- thought to be fearfully Another college year nearly Some of our students quite a

expired. . clined to think that they s mis- t, The Juniors are doing good ex- need chart making as an C |- er perimental work in Physics. day business. - e

the Andrew Philips says he is now The managers of COLLE- studying " Whitaker's Snow GIAN will be greatly favored if Bound." some of our subscribers would send in their dues. Edward B. Moore, '89, and wife spent a few days at the College The gymnasium is being used in April. much of late. We think the In- dian clubs could be used to better The loon which Harris Bris- advantage if a class was organized. tow presented to the cabinet has been excellently mounted. Something new for Guilford ! Baccalaureate sermon on the 28th, Hinson says his camera has been by Dr. Hume, of Chapel Hill. well tested, for it stood the largest Something good maybe expected. boy in school. At the meeting of the John Live and learn, so thought Gov- Bright, on April 29th, a discourse ernor when John's bicycle ran on James Whitcomb Riley, by away with him. Prof. Perisho, was the leading My wheels are the best on the feature. market, said Victor, after he had A few of our students and teach- smashed the frame of his bycicle ers attended the Sabbath School against a tree. Convention held in Greensboro on Wiley—Say, sport, don't you the 27th of April. They reported think I could beat my room-mate very favorably of the exercises singing, even with one hand tied and spirit of the gathering, behind me? There js an abundant store of PHep. —Why are they raking invitations at the office, and the those stones up in piles? They students should do all they can in might know they wouldn't burn sending these to their friends and

while they are so soaking wet. I thus help to make the commence-

ment a success - The Seniors had their class pic- I ture taken on May 6th, at precise- Prof. Joseph Moore, formerly ly ioh. 21m. 2^s., A. M. At the principal of the N. G. B. S. and. 2^8 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. ployment asssor in Earlham Col- ing of the 23d of April. Her sub- Duke Manonsented to deliver the ject was Tennyson, and as she Durham, reate address at Com- faced the students, all the girls u lent. A good selection. arose to their feet as one person, now to fan the air with a multitude of jur delegates to the State Y. he handkerchiefs. No one who had X C. A. Convention returned, the pleasure of listening to the filled with a deeper sense of their lecture could say he was not bet- responsibilities and with the de- ter acquainted with the late poet termination to accomplish more laureate of England. effectual work in the future. On the evening of May 2d the Faculty granted the students a A Prep, upon seeing the tele- half-holiday, so of course it rain- scope for the first time, was very ed, but nevertheless a lively game much perplexed in regard to what of base ball was played before the the thing could be, but his anxie- rain, and a social during the rain ties were finally relieved when his made the occasion one of much room-mate assured him that it enjoyment and recreation. would not shoot any six-pounders. Pres. Chas. D. Mclver, of the State Normal lectured at the col- The young women of the college were favored on the afternoon lege under the auspices of the Y. M. C. A. on the evening of May of the 4th inst, with a lecture by 6th. His subject was" what the Marianna Bitting, M. D., of the State Normal an dlndustrialSchool. intellectual man owes to the world. Her subject was Hygiene and audience Dress Reform, and was presented The highly appreciated a reading given by Mrs. in an attractive and instructive Mc- lver, just before the lecture manner. All were pleased, and was begun. hope she will come again. Rev Henry B. Hudson gave us Few if any persons ever ascend- a treat last week with his Stere- ed the rostrum in King Hall to optican lectures. The scenes of

deliver a lecture who received the life of Christ were buaiftiful greater heartfelt applause than did and words of commendation are Mary E. Mendenhall on the even- heard on every hand. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 241

GXGHAKGBS. learning which surrounds that institution.

The College Visitor is some- The Crescent comes quite a what small at present, but gives long distance but fulfills its mis- promise of growth in the future. sion after arriving. "Character " " The Central Ray sustains a Building and Be Yourself" are high reputation. The exchange its most important articles of re-

department, especially, is worthy cent date. of admiration. The Sq?iib, a neighbor of The

Our Southern editors are alive Crescent, has paid us its first in their work. The Mnemosynean visit, which is duly appriciated.

displays ability in the article en- Thoughtfulness in the manager is " titled, The Downfall of Nations," apparent in the composition of the and merits encouragement. journal.

The University Magazine is The productions headed re- well gotten up. In its latest issue spectively, " Time " and " Our " The Great Elegy," attracts National Vanity " contribute much

special attention. The journal is value to a recent number of The one of our best exchanges. Moore s Hill Collegian.

" The Haverfordian presents it- Elizabeth and her Times," in self with a table of contents ad- The Central Collegian for April, mirably selected. Its editorials, is worth our attention. The age in particular, are excellent. The is graphically described and the article entitled " The Poetry of character of Elizabeth is clearly

William Watson " is well com- brought to view. posed. The Earlhamite for May dis- The Hiram College Advance plays unmistakable signs of labor deserves credit as a college paper. and thought, called forth in its A combination of the two semi- production. " Tennyson's Works weekly numbers into one monthly and their characteristics," " Man's issue would add greatly to the Ultimate Worth," and " The Fu- value of the paper. ture Monarch " ^re commendable articles. It is with pleasure that we read The Texas University. Its read- The editorials, locals and ex- ing matter is well arranged— an changes of The Pcnn Chronicle important item lacking in many show that considerable time and journals. Its pages evince the work must have been spent on 242 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

them. We call attention to the on time, with its tidy pages and productions on " Art and Archi- interesting college items. tecture of the World's Fair" and The University Cynic, of the " A Glimpse of Rome." University of Vermont is con-

The Wake Forest Student is at ducted on a firm basis, as can be

hand. A careful note of its con- seen from its columns. "The tents convinces the reader that Choice and Use of Books for " the journal is ably edited. " The General Reading contains good Natural Man in the Natural advice. gives World " evidence of good At the recent meeting of the judgment on the part of the author Central Intercollegiate Press As- of the piece. sociation, the presidency for the The Wellesley Magazine takes ensuing year fell to The Haver- the lead in our list of exchanges fordian. At this meeting the " for this month. Its contents are question, The Exchange De- sound and can be fully tested partment— Is it of Sufficient In- with good results. The article on terest to Demand its Continu- " The Conception of Immortality ance ?" was discussed. We should in Shelley, Tennyson, and Brown- discard the idea of abandoning ing " well merits the careful this branch of the work, in which perusal of every student. " The talent for criticising is developed Church of the Carpenter " shows to such a great advantage. rare mental skill in the author and is followed by a fine descrip- Y. M. C. A. tion of Galveston in the sketch, "The Oleander City." The seventh annual convention of the Y. M. C. A. in North Car- The Trinity Archive, with its olina, held at Winston, April 6-9, pages full of good reading matter showed a marked sign of progress reached our table in good season. in that line of work in the state. " The Nicarague Canal— Its Im- The assembling of a large num- portance," is a well -written piece, ber of Christian young men from faithful in its accounts, and de- various sections of the common- serves notice. " College Athlet- wealth was proof that a good ics," "Pauperism," "Robert work is going on among our rising Burns," and "The Study of Latin generation. and Greek " also show good The opening song service, on thought. Thursday afternoon, April 6, was The Wesleyan Advance arrives a fitting introduction to the work THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 243 that was to follow. The delegates ble discussions in the afternoon soon became acquainted as labor- ' session. ers in a common cause, and thus! Mr. Michael, General Secreta- were prepared in the outset for ry of the Railroad Y. M. C. A. united action. work, from Richmond, Va., pre- At night the address of wel- sented, in his peculiarly lively and

come and the response were giv- | earnest style, the great need of en. religious work among railroad I

Rev. R. J. McBryde, of Lex- j men, showing also the tact re- ington, Va., followed with a well- quired in dealing with such peo-

j prepared address on " The Ideal pie. His report showed that a

Association." ' promising start has been made in After permanent organization this field, on Friday morning, the written In the night service the state reports from the associations rep- committee rendered their report, resented were read. In these re- which was followed by an address ports various features of work were on "The Holy Spirit for Service." presented, which showed that the On Saturday morning county

cause is extended out into new work and the county secretary channels. The account of the were again discussed. During the work in Robeson county, the only morning session Mr. Michaelscon- one in the state which employs a ducted the great gift service. county secretary and works on a The business part of the after- systematic plan, was highly com- noon session was taken up mainly mendable, and showed what great by separate conferences for dele- good can be accomplished in gates from towns employing sec- country organizations. The re- retaries, delegates from towns ception of new students at col- without secretaries, and delegates

lege, the work of the college ; interested in boys' work,

association in the surrounding ' At night the convention was

country, and the manner of ere- ; favored with an address from Mr.

ating missionary interest among 1 Samson, former Missionary to students, were separately dis- Greece, and F. S. Brockman the \ next

cussed by those experienced in \ spoke on "College Men of the such kinds of labor. World for Christ." " True Principles of Social The closing service on Sunday

Work in the Association," and j night was a most impressive one.

"The Religious Work of an Ideal i As the delegates, over two hun- Association,' formed subjects of|dred in number, joined hands in

interesting addresses and profita- : singing "Blest be the tie that 244 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

binds," the bond of Christian love the increased interest and enthu- seemed to unite them more firmly siasm aroused among the dele- than ever before in the noble gates, and with the knowledge cause. gained as to new and varied fields The convention owes much to of work, we may reasonably ex-

Evangelist Arthur J. Smith, of pect a brighter day for " The Old New York, who aided so efficient- North State" through the influ- ly in the singing and impressed ence of her young men. all that saw and heard him with his thorough consecration to the The next issue of theCOLLEGIAN cause of Christ. will be the commencement num- Practical results were sought ber. It will be complete in every throughout the convention, and particular, giving a "ull report of the importance of actual personal the commencement week exercis- work on the part of every mem- es. Send ten cents to the Business ber was forcibly impressed. With Managers and secure a copy.

DIRECTORY.

JOHN BRIGHT LITERARY SOCIETY. PHILAGOREAN LITERARY SOCIETY.

President 3. — E. White. President— Cora E. White. Vice-President— Jos. E. Blair. Vice-President- Cornelia Kersey. Secretary Bessie M. — Meader. Secretary— Mattie D. Washburn. Treasurer W. T. Woodley. — Treasicrer— Bessie M. Meader. Librarian — F. W. Grabbs. Librarian — Addie Wilson. Marshal C. F. — Tomlinson. Marshal— Henryanna Hackney. WEBSTERIAN LITERARY SOCIETY.

President— T'. C. Young. Y. M. c. A. Vice-President— H. B. Worth. President— Secretary — H. L. Potter.

I. Address of President Hobbs to the Graduating Class Page 245

II. Progress of Democracy. Cora E. White, '93 .... 248

III. Tammany Hall. J. O. Ragsdale, '95 252

IV. The Maintenance of Justice. W. T. WOODLEY, '94 255

V. The Inter-Collegiate Contest Again 258

VI. Editorials 260

VII. Personals and Locals 263

The Guilford Collegian

Vol. V. JUNE, 1893. * No. 9.

ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT HOBBS TO THE GRADUATING CLASS.

My Young Friends of the the purpose of the College in a Class of '93: way that is scarcely within the

I desire to express to you our power of those who are burdened sincere and hearty congratula- with the care of immediate man- tions upon this successful termin- agement. We desire that Guil- ation of your course of study. It ford's equipments, prospects and gives me great pleasure to greet capabilities may be accurately you as Alumni of Guilford College and more widely known, for the and to claim you as her own sons good we have at heart to do for and daughters, representatives of the higher education of the young the scholarship and character people of North Carolina and which are the outgrowth of the other states. combined influences of this place. The men and women and in- While we shall follow you with stitutions who are best able to solicitude into the various fields in judge our work, are ready to give which your lives will be spent, we not only verbal encouragement, shall ever expect your assistance but their money to carry out the and kind and thoughtful co-oper- high and worthy purpose of this ation in all that shall concern the institution of learning. Bryn welfare of the College. We need Mawr bestows annually upon a your support and suggestions. In graduate of Guilford a graduate your different spheres of life and scholarship of the value of $400. different localities, you will be able Haverford College has this year to lend a hand, bringing before bestowed upon a graduate of Guil- the people the facilities here offer- ford a fellowship of $300, which ed for study, health and charac- admits a graduate of Guilford to ter-forming, and thus to promote the post graduate course at Hav- 246 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. erford along with graduates from the still more important field of Earlham, Penn, Wilmington and moral and spiritual conflict, we herself, a recognition which I cannot withdraw, even though trust you and those who are to your connection with us as pupils follow you will maintain, and by must soon terminate, our keenest native ability and energy will per- interest in your continued pros- petuate for the coming sons of perity and success in the actual Guilford. battle of life. for the It is a fact full of inspiration, We are grateful to you that from the association and in- strength of your influence from timate relationship of pupil with day to day, both through your de- instructor for a period of years, votion to duties in the class-room there grows up a friendship which and for the moral support which ef- is tender and strong, a friendship you have given to questions which not only proves that our fecting the welfare of the college unity of purpose and aspirations and the tone of student life. for the true, the beautiful and the To every pupil, I wish to say good have bound us together, but that his or her contribution to the build up that every effort to attain our lof- spiritual forces which truth, of tiest ideals, has in these years ?nd sustain the cause of digni- served as "a spur, which the clear honor, of manliness, and a is the most spirit doth raise to scorn delights fied college pride, tribute and live laborious days." beautiful and wholesome constitutes The fire of intellect which than can be paid, and springs from the interaction of that peculiar charm of youthful mind upon mind, and the glow of allegiance, by which an instructor best. enthusiasm awakened by the con- is daily inspired to be his one's special stant first glimpses of truth, which Whatever may be training is in- attend the pathway of the student, ! vocation, a college preparation lend a charm to school days, to tended to be the best college which may be added in a country for the work of life. The like ours, a may with no impropriety be term- of large opportunities I reasonable hope of the gratifica- ed the world in miniature— a trial wea- of a praise-worthy ambition. field on which you test your tion I

1 Having walked side by side pons, strengthen that which is that with you as you have met and weak, and curb, if necessary, too eager solved the problems in your course which is impetuous and of study, and having rejoiced with for the fray. value too highly this you in your every victory, wheth- None can are, in our youth, er in the realm of intellect, or on preparation. We THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 247

I dare say, in too great hurry to pel of Christ the Lord, who gave enter the arena of the actual. It and is giving himself without re- takes time for growth and the ma- serve for us. Touched as you turity of our powers; and in ad- have every one been by the gen- cition to all this, it is a salutary tle hand of the Son of God, and and by no means weak reflection, having had your minds incensos et that each of us can have one and flagrantes, aroused and set on only one spring-time to pass—one fire, blessedness can be found period in which to " nurse our only in giving—giving back your wings and meditate a flight." lives into the hands of Him who

1 am therefore pressed with the gave them to you, and, which is concern that you prolong the pe- the same thing, consecrating them riod of probation, of youthful ar- every day to the service of your dor and contemplation, bringing fellow men, giving the light of to you again the thought which your cultivated thought to light the scholarly Tacitus expressed up the pathway of those whose in his charming biography of Ag- opportunities for culture of mind ricola: "ut corpora lente augesaint* and soul have been less favored. cito extinguuntur, sic ingenia stu- The future is full of promise to diaqne oppresseris facilius qnam the College, to those who are to revocaveris :" " as our bodies grow follow in your footsteps and to slowly and are cut off quickly, so yourselves— to yourselves because you may more easily check your the same path which has led you energy and your zeal than call to the honor of this day will also them back when they've once fled lead you to victory and peace in away." the line of activity which has been Let the time of your zeal be marked out for each by the divine prolonged into some well chosen hand. " Now there dwells," said field of labor, so that "the sweet- Cicero, in that beautiful oration ness of inactivity may never be for Archias, "in all best men a tasted and therefore never loved." certain power of virtue which Every one in sober reflection, day and night arouses the mind for which each should give him- through the stimulus of glory, and self time, longs for something into admonishes us not to limit the which he may throw his whole commemoration of our names to being, to which he may give him- the duration of our lives, but to self without reserve, for which he make it commensurate with all may spend himself and be spent. posterity." This God-given hunger of the May you not "count yourselves soul can be met only in the Gos- already to have attained," but 248 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. continue to grow in power of exhibiting that modesty and mod- thought, steadfastness of purpose, eration which are the mark and and in christian character, ever the ornament of scholarship.

THE PROGRESS OF DEMOCRACY.

CORA E. WHITE, '93.

" Belief in authority and love of thought gradually developed in- established order are among the dividuality and transferred the strongest forces of human nature." governing authority from a single They have given rise to all forms man or class of men to the popu- of government, from the family lar voice. circle and tribal council to the With few exceptions, the eman- despotic monarchy and free re- cipation of nations has been found public. concurrent with their greatest The continuous operation of achievements in religion, litera- these forces may be traced ture and the arts. throughout the different ages of In many countries increasing the history of man. The people wealth, commerce, manufactures may have groped in ignorance, and industries have so disturbed but their submission to authority the balance of power that kings was not less willing and complete have been succeeded by aristocra-

because it was established on a cies; these in turn have been basis of the crudest superstition, compelled to share their power

as with the semi-civilized and bar- with the people or to yield it to a barous tribes of the East, or be- democracy.

cause it was exercised by petty Perhaps there is no more strik- tyrants as in the days of feudal- ing example of the result of these ism. principles set in motion, than the As man advanced intellectually Puritans, who for the sake of free- superstition gave place to higher dom, left their native land and forms of religion, and ignorance planted a nation on this side the yielded to education and rational Atlantic. Our poets and orators experience. These changes nat- tell us in patriotic words that ours urally stimulated thought, and is the "land of the free and the THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 249 home of the brave." The Repub- century the mighty principle of lican form of government as es- individual freedom worked deep tablished in America has made down into the hearts of the French its impress on the world. common people, who for several

Already its echo is heard in the centuries had endured oppression mountains of Switzerland. There from their rulers and now were we find the Swiss Republic an ob- suffering from the intolerable bur- ject lesson of popular govern- den of taxation. The French ment in the midst of autocratic peasant sighed for liberty and and monarchical surroundings. had no higher ideal than an escape Previous to the founding of the from the unjust treatment. Philo- United States, the Swiss Confed- sophers had argued; reformers eration did not present an encour- had dreamed, and America had aging system of self-government proved that all men by right are by a free people; but to-day, as a free and equal. In the young re- result of intelligent growth, it public of the western world, the stands side by side in friendly French people saw realized the rivalry with our own nation, to Arcadia of their philosophers; it demonstrate the blessings of fed- was no longer a dream; they eralism. themselves had helped to make it Governments always have rest- real. Here the rights of man had ed and always must rest, if not been recovered and vindicated. on the affection, then on the rev- Their desire now was that this erance and awe; if not on the success should be made their own; active approval, then on the silent that they might breathe a purer acquiescence of the numerical political air and shake off the majority. trammels which had during three

It is a rare exception that a hundred years been riveted upon monarch has maintained authori- them, and this they did; for in the ty against the will of the people. memorable year of 1793 the mon- Whenever a people has been arous- archy of France — a monarchy ed to a sense of the fact that the which had been centuries in the supreme power of the state is in building —was suddenly and fierce- itsown hands, and the rulers have ly swept away before the head- refused to recognize that their au- long rush of the French Revolu- thority was merely delegated, tion, and the triumph of liberty conflicts and revolutions have been was complete. the consequence. The French having discovered This was the result in France. that submission to the oppressions During the latter part of the 18th of a kingr and his nobles was not 250 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. a just or necessary burden and an inevitable tendency long that they held in their own hands known to exist. The people of the real power of the state, the Rio Janeiro parted from their em- life of the peasantry of France peror with little demonstration of was revolutionized, and now they emotion; he was left off like a hold a position more independent worn out garment, or one that had than that presented by any other gone out of fashion. monarchical country on the con- Brazil was tired of being an tinent of Europe. empire and wanted to be a repub- Another people would have sunk lic, and to her people the republic under the'crushing disasters, loss- meant more than a change of ad- es and disappointments which ministration — it meant new life. have been heaped upon her. Those who believe that the In the Panama scandal were monarchy of England is worth many elements of popular dis- maintaining, hold that it is a cheap- turbance, but they have been ener form of government than that dured, and the catastrophe has of the United States or of France; proven to the world the stability that it familiarizes the public mind of the French Republic. with the idea of other public in- When the people feel their su- terests than those of rival parties premacy and the rulers recognize and factions, and that it gives dig- that the power which gave them nity and splendor to the nation. their position is the popular will, But they have not the assurance

force is seldom necessary to effect that all sovereigns will have as a change. This statement was liberal ideas of government as verified when the Empire of Bra- Queen Victoria has, and the pros-

zil, unlike that of France, became perity of the government in the a republic by peaceful methods; hands of her successor is unseen without the loss of a single life in the unknown future her emperor was dethroned, and England is not a monarchy in her peopie achieved another tri- the true sense of the word; the umph in the cause of popular Queen has far less power than the rights. President of our own country. They did not have grievances The government is really in the that they should cast down their hands of the people, and the na- constitutional empire in order to tion is virtually a republic, yet the set up a constitutional republic, ordinary voter does not feel that nor had the monarch given them the government is his own and cause to dethrone him. The rev- he individually responsible for its olution was simply the result of conduct. The great affection of THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 251

Englishmen for pomp and display growing democratic sentiments. hinders the rejection of royalty; That European countries recog- they love too well the grandeur nize this tendency is clearly prov- of the court to be induced to part en by the anxious interest mani- with it. Should this be a conclu- fested in the dethronement of sive reason for the maintenance of Dom Pedro, and the earnest es- the monarchy? If the nation is a pousal of his cause by many of republic in reality, should it not the reigning monarchs. also be one in name? The more civilized the world In the exercise of individual becomes, the more democratic is rights and in the formative power it in thought; and the causes that of a republic over its citizens lies have developed the idea of self- perhaps its greatest value. Every government are in full and ever- man knows that he is himself a increasing activity, while those part of the government, bound by which retard and control popular duty, as well as by self-interest, power are being constantly modi- to devote part of his time and fied or impaired. Thus the drift thought to its formation and ad- and purpose of our age is toward ministration, and by means of liberty and fraternity. this thought and exertion his own Out of civil commotion and faculties are developed, and the constant change are evolved new government thus wields a vast societies and new opinions. What educational power. seemed to be but a dream in the

It is generally admitted that the past is the reality of to-day; the American republics are more pro- advancement we have already at- gressive and prosperous than any tained also shows that the labors other nations. The cause of this of the past have not been barren is easily traced to the develop- of result. Humanity has not ment of the individual. fought the unequal fight for jus- The spirit of self-government tice in vain; as one generation has has not stopped with Switzerland, succeeded another, there has been France and Brazil. The attention seen in the commotions among of the world has for some months nations and in the modifications been centred on the change which of the forms of government which is being wrought by public opin- have resulted from these commo- ion in the Hawaiian Islands. tions, a fuller acquaintance of the Such examples as these give voice of the people. evidence that the thrones of em- A new era now dawns for us. perors and kings are being shaken The influences of liberty are wide- •and their people disquieted by the spread. Europe to-day is ripe for — —

252 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. revolution; conditions of political build a highway by which human- upheavals and a reconstruction of ity can ascend to such realms of the social state are apparent. It perfect freedom as exist in a free remains for the present to search and representative government. the field of liberal enquiry and

TAMMANY HALL.

J. O. RAGSDALE, 95.

Over a century ago, when France I ratified, while the inaugural ad-

was struggling under that great- 1 dress of George Washington was

est of European revolutions, our I yet sounding throughout the na- sympathies were aroused for the jtion, Tammany Hall was organ-

nation which had befriended us ! ized in the city of New York, with

in our struggle for freedom. The j William Mooney as its leader. French people were making every Simple and modest enough was I

effort to save their country, when . the beginning of the society as if to augment the already de- around which for over one hun- plorable condition, there origina- " dred years have clustered the ted a secret organization which in memories of the most selfish of the hope of spoils plunged France political contests. It was first into deeper revolutions. known as the Columbian Society; But the Jacobin Club of Robes- this afterwards became separate pierre and Murat has long since from Tammany and now exists passed into oblivion and its work as a recent organization, of which

forgotten. Yet scarcely had this \ Tammany members are the lead- organization known its doom, ' ers. Tammany was named in

when within the borders of our i honor of a great Indian Chief new republic was organized a so- Tameno who was a noted war- J — cietywhich was destined to become rior and who lived in the latter the Jacobin Club of the American part of the seventeenth century. nation. In its infancy it is claimed that In the very year in which that the idea of only mutual benefit model of brotherly agreements and charitable purposes were cher- the American Constitution —was ; ished by its founders. But when THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 253 political aspirations began to move which seems to be inexhaustible. the minds of the people, she threw If a young man wishes to obtain off her garb of innocence and as- a situation in New York, he is sumed the role of a political fac- without hope unless he has sworn tion. This, however, was not allegiance or perhaps paid bribe done until the time of Hamilton money to this society. We some- and Burr. Tammany was a loyal times wonder if we are really liv- supporter of Burr, and this incur- ing in the nineteenth century or red the wrath of the followers of that this is the free government Hamilton, who immediately with- which is the pride of every Amer- drew from the society, leaving it ican heart. wholly Democratic. In looking over the history of From that time to the present Tammany from its origin — con- day she has contended in the po- sidering the conflicting elements litical arena, using bribes through of the Indian and the spoilsman, its local organizations and secret which has predominated from the bodies, utterly disregarding prin- outset— it would be incredible to ciples and platforms. Yet we believe it would now be in exist- cannot help but admire the system ence had not politics been inject- and success of Tammany; several ed. Little did its founders think times on the verge of annihila- that they would be named as in- tion, yet she would again appear stigators in after generations of a on the political horizon with the so wonderful political machine. same selfish motives and charac- In those days purely patriotic mo- teristics. Founded on a firm ba- tives were intended, and they sis, she still wields hertomahawks would have shuddered if they had_ and carries her stuffed tigers to known they would be followed by the various elections, never lack- such men as Tweed, Price, Con- ing for funds, for over fifteen nolly and others, who were Tam- thousand office holders of New manyites and who defrauded the York city, the various candidates government out of thousands of for the Assembly, Senate and mu- dollars. nicipal officers, all contribute to The people of both parties look the coffers of Tammany. Her upon Tammany to-day with a candidates being compelled to pay mingled dread and curiosity, as did in advance for their nominations, our fore-fathers upon the Indians

it is very easy for them to become in the early settlement of this

nominated, probably elected, with country. Is it any wonder they

the bribe money which is rapidly are looked upon in this manner? filling the Tammany treasury and Tammany with her spoils systems —

254 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

and net work of committees claims a portion of the spoils around which lingers despotism should their champion be elected. in its worst form — is dependent We cannot afford to let a few men wholly on the ignorant class to in New York monopolize our elec-

sustain them in their fields of tions. " Ours is a government in contests. which the people are ruled by Still she has at her head sever- the representatives of their own al intelligent men, who for the choice." Is this the case when sake of gain have attached them- Tammany Hall nominates a man selves to her ranks and who have of their own choice without the the executive power to operate sentiments of the people? It is

the machine. It is true she has not what the people wish in their been loyal to her members and municipal elections —where Tam- partly to the Democratic party. many plays a prominent part. It

We "admire" her for this. But is not what any loyal, patriotic

her first consideration is for self, man desires. If she would place second for Democracy, and last before the people true statesmen for the good of the people. So interested in the welfare of the perfectly is Tammany operated people, they would be sustained

that within forty-eight hours its gladly by their party. Instead of general committee can obtain an this she has been supporting men entire poll of New York city, and who have been a detriment to tell almost conclusively how every their party and a disgrace to the

man intends to vote. " As Tam- people. It is universally true that many Hall goes, so goes New for the last half century Tamma- York." The same has been said ny has never brought forward a of this nation. But that day no public officer— national or munici- longer exists. The Democrats pal—whom the American people have awakened to a sense of their would look upon as a benefactor duty, and no longer are they de- or statesman, and who deserves pendent on Tammany to nomi- to be mentioned in history, except nate their Presidents. This was the great politician whom New clearly demonstrated in the recent Yorkhasrecentlysupported. Let national election. Cleveland was us not forget that even the refine- as independent of Tammany as ment of Christianity will not ex- was Andrew Jackson in his time. empt us from political depravity Our people should exhibit more or national dishonor, and with an

•of his independence towards so organization, whose practice is great a trust as Tammany is to- corruption and whose motto is to day—a trust that every member rule or ruin, firmly established in THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 255

the metropolis of our country, we Grand Sachems and Wigwams should say that Tammany Hall, must go. with her bribes and frauds, her

THE MAINTENANCE OF JUSTICE.

W. T. WOODLEY, '94.

has Law been defined as the ture of Human law. It is to this " solemn expression of the human law of political institutions, the will, enforced by power." It is law which binds man to man, and the accumulated wisdom of all protects the rights of the common ages, the watch-word of the cen- citizen, that your attention is in- turies, the sublime and triumphant vited. power in civilization which has To the Roman bar we give the been the great bulwark in the honor of having first shown to the conservation of the rights and world the majesty and dignity of privileges of the human race. It human law. To England we are reigns over all. It is a divine in- indebted for those principles of stitution founded in the begfinnin"" freedom and justice incorporated and established by the great Cre- in "Magna Charta." ator Himself. All law is divided But it is to the credit of the into three great divisions. The American bar that here originated first and perhaps the loftiest of all the most substantial form of gov- is moral law. With the Bible as ernment and the fairest represent- a it sacred code reigns over the ative sheet of liberty that the spiritual world. The combined world has yet seen, the American forces of nature are governed by Constitution. one uniform law. It has been so Our government is divided into perceptible in all Scientific re- three departments. Perhaps the search and in all Geological for- most important and the most mation. Thus natural law consti- commanding of them all is the tutes the second great division. Judicial. To judge the acts and Men have studied these two laws that govern a nation is the branches and upon their princi- most responsible position in the ples have erected the great struc- theory of constitutional govern- 256 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

merit. The judicial power is There are many reasons why lodged in a Supreme court and the lawyer should love and honor such inferior ones as Congress his noble profession and delight may establish. Besides these the in its service. The legal profes- constitution of each state provides sion is one of the learned profes-

for its own local courts. All the sions and is excelled by no other various forms of judicature prop- in the importance and dignity of

erly constitute the American bar. its calling save that of the minis- Surely great must be the responsi- try. Consider then the profession bilities of a profession with such of the law as an element of con- a record as this one has made and servation in the American nation.

with such an object for its further Conservatism is the chief end, the continuance. largest duty, and the truest glory Perhaps the greatest duty of of the American bar. The legal the American bar is to test legis- profession teaches us that the

lation and enforce the constitution. state is founded for a " duration Every act or law passed by without end—without end till the Congress must be submitted to the heavens and the earth are no Supreme Court of the United more." Then the American bar States in order that its constitu- exists as an institution to preserve tionality may be determined. The our organic forms, our civil and constitution prohibits the states social order, our public and pri- from doing a number of things vate justice. Wherever that fair which would be incompatible with temple of justice stands there is a the common good of the nation. foundation for social security. In There would be no possibility of a country where the laws are holding the states within the properly executed there exists

bounds of such limitations if each prosperity and happiness. To se- state was a supreme judge for cure justice is the grand mission

itself. and prominent duty of the lawyer.

The constitution, as its origina- Justice to all, justice between man tors intended, guarantees justice and man, between nation and na- to all, secures personal liberty, tion, to the weak and to the strong, vindicates freedom of worship, to the poor man in his lonely hut and gives to both speech and and the millionaire in his palace. press unrestricted rights. Then Our laws are properly divided one of the greatest duties resting into two classes — rights and upon the American bar is to main- wrongs—more generally consid- tain the true interpretation of the ered as criminal and civil laws. constitution. It is the duty of the lawyer to THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 257

properly apply the laws to suit One of the greatest evils against each individual and particular which the legal profession has to

case, to advocate the truth and to contend is ignorance. It is a

adjust the wrong. Not only is it strange and startling fact that the a duty of the bar to declare the dignity and character of such a sense of the law and to execute learned profession has indeed been judgment, but also to teach the degraded by such a common vice, laws and to bring them to the especially has this been true in knowledge of the people. our own state. At one time a There are many significant evils justice of the peace and persons

threatening the union which it is that had a superficial knowledge the duty of the bar to correct and of the law could procure license prevent. There is a certain class and begin to practice. But to in our country whose ideas are sustain the responsibility and lofty antagonistic to the spirit of our callingof the profession, our legis- free institutions and hostiie to our lature has passed an act requiring republican form of government; aspirants to pursue a routine of to meet and to treat justly such a studies before admitted to the bar. pessimistic force is indeed a severe By so doing the profession has test of the ability of the legal been restored to its true dignity. profession. Thus we have seen the responsi- Perhaps the greatest responsible position that the legal profes- bility of to-day that confronts the sion holds in the American state. American bar is properly to ad- America can indulge in no truer just the perplexing question of pride than in the world-wide fame labor and capital. Agreatantag- which so many of her jurists have onism has been manifesting itself won. To the ability of such em- between these two classes. Our inent lawyers as Story, Webster country is annoyed by strikes, la- and Chase, is our government in- bor troubles and the oppression of debted not only for what the monopolies. Such a state of af- American bar is to our own na- fairs is disastrous to the enlight- tion, but also for its reputation ened prosperity of the country abroad. and contrary to the spirit of our The names of our great lawyers constitution. When the Ameri- are written high on the tablets of can bar has made a satisfactory fame, and they have adorned and settlement of such troubles and blessed their country. In conclu- has conquered the insidious foe, sion, we would say may the Amer- it will have achieved its grandest ican bar ever maintain the true accomplishment of the nineteenth dignity of its calling and continue century. — —a

258 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. to render heroic service to the splendor. May its record be as

people. May it ever shine forth 1 lasting as the "frame of human in the brilliancy of all its original I society."

THE INTER-COLLEGIATE CONTEST AGAIN.

In the last number of the COL- ity. Some one says it's going to LEGIAN we gave a few of our be an "Inter-Collegiate" contest; opinions on the above-mentioned that is a mistake; it is to be " In- contest. Now that it has been ter-Leading-Collegiate," and the definitely settled, so far as we very thoughts of it make us so have been able to find out, that enthusiastic that we are reminded Guilford has been refused admis- of a great nation—and that nation sion to the contest, we have a very is China. History tells us that few more words to say. We do once upon a time China conceived not intend to fill these pages with the idea that she was better than a mournful cry of lamentation all other nations—that she was because of our fate; this would the "leading" nation, and so she indicate that we were " badly built a great wall about her— hurt," and we are not that way at sort of "Inter-Collegiate" wall all. It is the opposing forces that and she said: "We will be a na- are doing all the squealing, and tion to ourselves—we are all and it is evident that they are the ones in all —we don't want ' inferior' that are really in a critical condi- nations mixed up with us —we tion. We congratulate them be- possess all the learning that can cause they have been able to keep be conceived of—in short, 'we are us out, for in so doing they stand the people'." She built her wall; a better showing for carrying off she rejected all other nations from the "laurels" that will be shower- her borders. To-day her wall is ed upon some one at the approach- shattered ; one humiliation follows ing Teacher's Assembly. We another, and her people are class- congratulate ourselves that we are ed among the lowest orders of not in such a contest as we expect civilized human beings. to see—a contest between the three This incident is only told to fill "leading colleges" of the state up space — of course we don't

Davidson, Wake Forest and Trin- mean for it to apply to the "Inter- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 259

Leading-Collegiate" contest any would drop out and keep quiet more than is absolutely necessary. about the matter. Guilford can well afford to re- We don't want any more such main out of the contest—much dickering as this. We want to better than the "leading" colleges come into the contest fairly and can afford to give their reasons squarely—we want all the rights for keeping her out. We under- and privileges we are entitled to. stand that Secretary Harrell has If Secretary Harrell and his "lead- been begging the University to ing" colleges can give one good, come into the contest, which she reason why we should be left out, refuses to do. On the other hand we will then keep quiet. When this same secretary does not seem the people of North Carolina inclined even to give Guilford any know the truth of the matter they information concerning the con- will see that Guilford has been test at all. This shows that pre- condemned unheard; that some judice—pure and simple—is at the ignoramus has falsely represented bottom of the whole matter. her literary standard; that some Last year the secretary of the of those who have authority in the Teachers' Assembly invited Guil- matter, instead of finding out the fard to take part in the contest. truth concerning Guilford, have She sent a representative to More- accepted misrepresentations as head; some of the "leading" col- truth, and as a result, we are not leges objected to Guilford coming in the contest. in. Then it was that the secreta- Prejudice! When wilt thou ry offered to pay all the expenses cease to reign? of Guilford's representative if he

THE COMING YEAR.

The approaching collegiate year Alumni grows the college begins will undoubtedly be one full of to feel that it is on firmer ground great opportunities for those who and can then launch out into new expect to return and to enter and important fields without fear Guilford College. of failure. The college has an able It is evident to every observer faculty for next year and all who that the college grows in strength have any intention of returning and purpose from year to year. or entering as new students will The successful year's work which surely not be disappointed in their has just closed is a good indica- advantages and opportunities if tion of this fact. As the list of they only do their part. :

26o THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

the Collegian, but I can express Xhe (£Xuilford (Lolleeiari. o the hope that it may ever continue PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE to prosper and be an able cham- LITERARY SOCIETIES pion of Guilford College. Of Guilford College. C. F. Tomlinson. EDITORS C. F. Tomlinson, '93. The signs of progress are man- F. W. GBABBS, '94. Eunice M. Dakden, '94 ifest everywhere in the enlighten-

ASSOCIATE EDITORS: ed world. Mankind is continually Coka E. White, '93 Personals Jas. P. Parker, '93 Locals advancing in thought and making W. T. Woodley, '94 Exchanges various steps oi improvement to

BUSINESS MANAGERS : E. S. White, '93. meet the demand of a growing H. B. Worth, '94. Mart H. Arnold, '94. civilization. Notwithstanding this some people persist in clinging to Address all business communications to the past. They delight to walk Business Managers of Guilford Collegian, in the way of their fathers, and Guilford College, N. C. the introduction of something new causes them to deplore the de- Subscription price : One year $i.oo Club rates: Six copies 5.00 parture from old customs and Single copies 10 tremble for the fate of the people who are keeping abreast of the The Collegian is entered al Guilford College Post Office as second class matter. time. Thus they hold firmly to the things which men of progres- June, 1893. sive ideas have long since discard- ed, until they finally pass from the After having been a member of stage of action to give place to the Collegian staff for three others of broader views. With and one half years, the time has such men at the helm we would come for me to bid farewell to the make slow progress indeed. Editorial sanctum. In doing so Afraid to launch out into untried I cannot refrain from expressing waters to seek new lands, lest a my gratitude to those with whom thousand and one imaginary dan- I have been associated on the gers should come true, they would staff. confine us to the old beaten tracks No other duty has ever fallen to just where our forefathers travelled my lot at Guilford College which over a century ago. In this pro- has been so pleasant and so full gressive age such a course of ac- of inspiration in its performance. tion cannot be tolerated. We It is with regret that I shall now must move forward with the times have to sever my connection with or else be left behind as objects of THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 261

folly. Every generation has its ishness. Every man is likely to own needs. Things which were think his own opinions to be the appropriate a quarter of a century best, and many are so narrow- ago may be entirely out of place minded that they will not for a at the present. Customs are not moment condescend to regard the necessarily good because they are views of others, so blind are they old and well established. On the that they cannot see outside of other hand, rash action must be their own little spheres. The equallyguarded against. A move- truly great man is always ready ment is by no means commenda- to give due recognition to the ble simply for the reason that it is ideas of other people. We need "something new under the sun," more men who will live for the though it is good in appearance. good of the present time—men Want of thought leads many a who will think less of creed and man into error, and haste in an party and more of principle. We undertaking frequently brings dis- want a conservatism that will give astrous results. Many people a just view of the past, so that we seem to have a horror for anything can develop properly in the future; old and all the time reaching out we want a progressive spirit, right- for something different from what ly controlled by conservatism. has been. Between these two classes we need to take a happy From time to time there have * medium. While progress is re- appeared in these columns notes quired of us, caution is essential. on the Young Men's Christian As- In shunning one extreme, beware sociation, and such notices, we of falling into the other. On this believe, have not failed to help principle the prosperity of our arouse interest in that organiza- nation largely depends. There is tion. It was in the year 1889 that a tendency on one side to move the Association here was formed, forward without sufficient consid- and by the earnestness and perse- eration, while the other side is verance of its members and by constantly applying the brakes. the liberality and co-operation of Thus in the nation, as well as in their friends a Hall was erected the community, the two counter- in the summer of '91, which has forces are unconsciously bringing since been partially furnished. to bear upon our public life a re- For this we are thankful. sultant force which neither, alone, The Young Woman's Christian would have produced. Much of Temperance Union of Guilford this opposition on the part of the College is the pioneer union for people can be traced back to self- young women in North Carolina. 262 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Beside the work of the Y. W. C. Faculty for Next Year. T. U., this society also performs the work usually done by a Young L. LYNDON HOBBS, President. A. B„ Haverford Women's Christian Association. College ; A. M., Haverford College. need of a building in which The Latin, Mental and Moral Philosophy. to hold the business and devotional meetings of this organization MARY E. MENDENHALL, B. S., English Literature is much felt. In this hall the and Rhetoric. union desires, also, to have a spa- JOHN W. WOODY, cious gymnasium for the use of all A. B., National Normal; A. M. National Nor- the girls who may attend the in- mal ; LL. B., Michigan University. stitution. History and Political Science. know there are many calls We WALTER W. HAVILAND, for aid, but we believe the funds A. B., Haverford College. for the erection of this building Mathematics. can be secured and without seri- LOUISA OSBORNE, ous inconvenience. A sense of A. B., Barlham College. the need of such a building and a Governess and Assistant in Latin. belief that it will do good is all

is to that required make the J. FRANKLIN DAVIS, money forthcoming. The Old A. B., Haverford College; A. M., Haverford North State has already begun to College. Greek and German. manifest interest in her daughters, and while the sons are more boun- LYDIA N. BLAIR, for, tifully provided we believe the A. B. Earlham College. time is coming when the aspira- English Language and Principal of Pre- tions of the young women will be paratory Department. realized. PRISCILLA B. HACKNEY. Some contributions for this Hall Matron. have already been received, and any amount any one who reads MARY E. MENDENHALL, these lines may feel inclined to Librarian. send to Mary E. Mendenhall, GEO. W. WHITE,

Chairman Y. W. C. T. U. Build- A. B., Maverford College. ing Committee, Guilford College, Commercial Department and Treasurer. N. C, will be gratefully received MARY E. W. WHITE, and duly acknowledged. Assistant in Preparatory Department. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 263

^EI^SONAL AND LCOGAL. Louisa Osborne has returned to her home in Indiana. She also The autumn term begins Au- expects to visit Illinois before her gust 22d. return to North Carolina. Commencement was pronounc- Priscilia B. Hackneyand daugh- ed a great success. ter Henryanna, and MaryE.Men- denhall Prof. Root goes to California have gone to Chicago to take in about the 20th of June. the World's Fair.

Cora E. White receives the Bryn Walter W. Haviland, A. B., Mawr scholarship this year. Haverford, '93, has been elected professor of Mathematics and The Alumni of the college now Gov- ernor. We welcome him to North number 43. Carolina and to Guilford. Every one will be glad to know Julia S. that Henry Cude will have charge White returned from Bryn of the farm again next year. Mawr on June 3d. She has gone to White Plains to spend the A general conclusion has been summer and will return to Bryn reached that Dr. Creasy doesn't Mawr in the fall. care to come to Guilford. The officers of the Y. M. C. A. George W. White has been for the next term are as follows: elected Treasurer, to succeed Prof. President— H. A. White. wife will assist Root. His in the Vice President— J. E. Blair. preparatory department. Recording Secretary— H. B. Worth. Corresponding Secretary—J. P. Parker. J. P. J'arker and T. G. Pearson Treasurer—W. T. Woodley. expect to attend the Summer Mary M. Petty, School at Northfield, Mass, July we learn, has 1-12. accepted a professorship in the State Normal School at Greens- The Annual Literary Address boro. We regret that she has should either be left off the pro- decided to leave Guilford. gram or a speaker should be secured who will fulfil his engage- Sallie K. Stevens will not be a ment. member of the faculty next year. We are unable to state her inten- ' Prof. Perisho has returned to his

tions for the future - home in Carmel, Ind. It is his I intention to enter Johns Hopkins | Prof. J. W. Woody was not University in the fall, where he present at Commencement, hav- | will study Science and Mathemat- ' ing gone to Philadelphia with his ics. 1 son Hermon. We are glad to 264 THE GUILFORD COLLEGAIN. know the health of the latter is closing exercises. This is evident improving. proof that she has not forgotten The new catalogues are the us. She returns to Bryn Mawr most complete of any yet issued again next year. by the college. One of the most attractive and best contented persons at Com- The Y. M. C. A. Hand Book is an attractive and useful publica- mencement was Lucy White, of Raleigh. tion. Every student should have one. The buildings were almost deserted on Saturday, June 3d. A Captain Harris Bristow came few students will remain at the up from his " cotton plantation" college during the summer. to attend Commencement. All were glad to see him. Lydia White and son, W. R. White, were at the college sever- Dr. Nathan G. Ward spent two al days during Commencement weeks at the college, leaving for week, having come up from Bel- Eastern Carolina after Commence- videre. ment was over. There were probably a larger E. M. Wilson, '92, was selected number of old students at the col- as the most suitable person to re- lege on Commencement day this ceive the fellowship which Haver- year than ever before. We would ford college offered to Guilford be glad to mention the name of this year. each, but space will not permit. The Philagoreans did not have The trustees present on Com- an oratorical contest this year. mencement day were Elihu Men- Their improvement prize was won denhall, Allen J. Tomlinson, D. by Sallie W. Stockard. W. C. Benbow, J. Van. Lindley, There was an unusual number Daniel Worth and Jeremiah Cox. of Hodgin's at Commencement *" Berta Tomlinson, who has been all of were this year— whom we attending the Durham School of glad to see. Music during the past year, was Mr. and Mrs. Brown and Mr. in attendance at Commencement. Pearson, from Anther, Florida, She finished her music June 9th. spent several days at the college We learn that Prof. Haviland is recently. an enthusiastic believer in ath-

Virginia Ragsdale left Bryn letic sports. We hope this is true, Mawr before the Commencement and that he will stir Guilfard up there in order to attend Guilford's in this department. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 265

The following have been elect- THE SENIOR'S THANK OFFERING. ed as members of the Collegian The class of '93 were so gener- staff from the Henry Clay and ously favored in so many ways Websterian Societies: during the closing weeks of their HENRY CLAY. career at Guilford College, that Editor—]. P. Parker, '93. we devote a small portion of our Associate Editor—}. E. Blair, '96. space in returning thanks in be- Business Manager—]. O. Ragsdale, '95. half of the class to whom thanks WEBSTERIAN. are due. Editor— U. A. White, '94. The Junior class (94) is first Associate Editor— T. C. Young, '95. due their gratitude. On the even- Business Manager- -H. B. Worth, '94. ing of May 16th the Seniors were The Philagoreans will elect given a banquet at Founder's Hall, their representatives next term. and the Juniors made a handsome

NTom Costen attended Com- affair out of it. The old collec- mencement. He brought his tion room was decorated until it trunk with him and will remain had taken on an entirely changed at the college during vacation, appearance. Every one seemed expecting to enter the Sophomore to be in fine spirits and ready to class at the opening of next term. enjoy the occasion to the fullest Among the old students at extent. The time was spent in Commencement we were glad to conversation, games and music sumptu- see the following: B. B. Hauser, until 9:30 p. m., when a re- Sallie Ray, Will. Pickard, Will. ous supper was served, which credit on those Jarrell, Maggie Hancock, Ethel flected great who followed Diffee, Elma Hoskins, Ed. Farlow, had charge. This was 7 members of both W alter Ashwqrth, Herbert Tom- by toasts from linson and wife, Cyrus Cox, Will. classes, and not till n p. m. did Ragan, Mary White, Bessie White, the thought of "dispersion" seem Charles Kirkman, Tom. Matthews, to occur to any one. This was E. M. Wilson, Elwood Cox, Mary one of the most successful and Cartland, Ed. Blair, Dolph. Blair, elaborate affairs of the kind ever Caro Richardson, Ed. Petty, Evan- conceived and carried out at the geline Farlow, E. A. White, Anna, college. Mamie and Nellie Jones, Allie The Seniors were next favored Marsh Copeland, Laura Davidson, with an invitation from Lollie D. Byron White, Lelia Kirkman and Worth, '92, to be present at her Pearl Idol. There were many home, "Oakhurst," on the even- others whose names we failed to ing of May 17th. Every member take down. of the class made preparations for 266 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. a general good time, and the) 7 the honor of being present at the were not disappointed. The pleas- last feast to be given in their hon- ures of the evening were not con- or at Guilford College. fined to the "strawberries and cream" and other good things to COMMENCEMENT WEEK. eat, but the privilege of spending WEBSTERIAN CONTEST. an evening at this place and with This occurred on the evening of this family was one of the most May 26th, the program being as enjoyable features. That the follows: evening was highly enjoyed is /. The Abust of English — F. W Grabs. fact that some attested by the 3. An American Statesman—H. A. White. members of the class were fre- J. The Vanished Race—T. G. Pearson. 4. 'The Panama Scandal—O. E. Mendenhall. at " du- quent visitors Oakhurst" j". The Maintenance of Justice—\V. T. Woodley. ring the remaining weeks of the b. The New South—T. C. Young. term. All the above orations showed The annual supper given by much care in their preparation President Hobbs to the Senior and were well delivered. The class, was the next compliment orator's prize, Webster's Diction- to the class of '93. This occurred ary, was awarded to W. T. Wood- on Monday evening before Com- ley, with T. G. Pearson a strong mencement. Besides the mem- competitor. R. H. Hayes, Esq., bers of the class there were present presented the prize, and W. N. as invited guests, Prof. R. C. Root, Scales, of Greensboro, presented '89, Sallie K. Stevens, Mary E. the improvement prize to Victor Mendenhall, '91, Lollie D. Worth, C. McAdoo. Very fine music was '92, and Edna Farlow, '92. The given during the evening by Miss guests were all glad to see Dr. Young of Petersburg and Miss Mendenhall present, and he added Weatherly of Greensboro. much to the pleasures of the HENRY CLAY CONTEST. evening. A large portion of the On the evening of May 27th the evening was spent in the dining Henry Clay contest came off, as room, where an elegant collation follows: was served. There may be senior

/. True Courage— O. P. Moffitt. classes in the future that will be 2. Tammany Hail—J. O. Ragsdale. is greater in numbers, but there j. The Christian Man in College—J. P. Parker. Is our Patriotism Declining? J. E. Blair. little danger that the "eating ca- 4. — pacities" of the members of this The productions were all high- class will ever be surpassed. ly meritorious and were delivered They made a fine record in this in good style. The judges award- respect and greatly appreciated ed the medal to Joseph E. Blair, THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 267 the presentation being made by THE JOHN BRIGHT I ENTER- Hon. W. S. Ball of Greensboro; TAINMENT. J. O. Ragsdale came in as a close Theannual entertainment given second, his manuscript having by this society was up to the been judged to be the best of the usual standard. four. The audience was very large, and from their The Improvement Medal was good attention and behavior must presented by E. M. Armfield, of have enjoyed the program, which High Point, to John D. Pannill. was as follows: Excellent music was furnished '• Chorus The by Miss Blanche Armfield, Star-Spangled Banner. of 2. Recitation The Legend of the Organ Builder. Jamestown, and Prof, and Miss Cora E. White.

3. Music— Brockmann, of Greensboro. Fifth Nocturne Leybach. Luciele Armfield.

4. Declamation , BACCALAUREATE Sam s Letter# SERMON. T. C Young.

5. Tableaux. This was a new feature for Guil- 6 Oration - Siege ford and the senior class showed of Leyden. Amy J. Stevens. a wise choice in selecting Dr. 7. Music-Sonata in A flat Beethoven. Thos. Hume, of the State Univer- Luciele Armfield. 8. Chronicles, sity, to deliver the first Baccalau- Charles F. Tomlinson.

reate 9- Chorus sermon ever given at the The Old North State. college. SENIOR PREPARATORY EX- On Sunday morning, May 28th, ERCISES. the Assembly room at King Hall The first Senior Preparatory was well filled and the Doctor Class to receive certificates ad- was in a happy mood. He preach- mitting them to the Freshman ed from the text found in Luke Class without further examina- xvii, The 33. sermon was a most tion, was the class of '93. The •excellent one and the theme prev- morning of May 31st was devoted alent through the entire discourse to exercises by this class. On the was that we should seek to platform were the members of the strengthen our higher virtues and class, Lydia N. Blair, Principal of spiritual forces. the Preparatory Department, Pres- Above all other things his dis- ident Hobbs, Prof. Joseph Moore course was practical, his illustra- and members of the Faculty. tions real and simple, and his The program of exercises was as language elegant yet easily un- follows: derstood. The learned preacher 1. Woman as a Philanthropist, made a profound impression on M. Cornelia Kersey, Archdale, N. C all who heard him. 2. William Penn and His Influence, Annie B. Kirkman, Pleasant Garden, N. C 268 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

3. Laura Bridgman, President—John T. Benbow, '90. Arrilla L. Ballinger, Guilford College, N. C. Vice President—E. E. Gillespie, '93. 4. Our Pilgrim Mothers, Secretary L. White, '92. Callie E. Stanley, Centre, N. C. —Emma 7ra*.S7^r£r-GenevieveMendenhall, '90. 5. The Atlantic Cable and its Originator,

J. Waldo Woody, Gui.ford College, N. C. Joseph M. Dixon, '89, was elect- 6. The Huguenots, Sarah W. Stockard, Burlington, N. C. ed Orator for next year.

7. Electricity in Art, At 8 p. m. a large audience as- Herbert C. Petty, Greensboro, N. C. sembled at King Hall to hear the- 8. Mary Lyon, M. Elverta Shaip, Greensboro, N. C. Alumni address by G. W. Wilson, 9. Our Little Neighbors, '92. On the stage were seated the Annie Webster, Swepsonville, N. C. following alumni: R. C. Root and 10. John James Audubon, T. Gilbert Pearson Archer, Fla. Rena Worth, of the class of '89;

11. Presentrtion of Certificates. J. T. Renbow and Genevieve Men-

The speeches were all good, denhall, of the class of '90; F. B. and those of Cornelia Kersey and Benbow and S. A. Hodgin, of the

T. G. Pearson deserve special class of '91 ; Edna Farlow, W. W.

mention. Mendenhall, W. J. Thompson, Certificates were presented to Laura D. Worth, Emma L. White each member of the class, after and G. W. Wilson, of the class of which the exercises were con- 92, and all the members of the cluded. class of '93. President Benbow introduced ALUMNI MEETING. Mr. Wilson as the orator of the At 5 o'clock p. m. on Wednes- evening. The speaker delivered day, the Alumni Association met an admirable address on " The in the Hall of the Henry Clay So- College Alumnus and his duty to ciety. The attendance included his College." The address was the actual graduates of the col- full of interest and was finely con- lege, the honorary members and ceived. The subject was one that the class of '93. should claim the attention of ev- President Root called the Asso- ery champion of education. At ciation to order and E. S. White, the conclusion of the address, the '93, was appointed secretary pro President announced the follow- tern, in the absence of the secre- ing executive committee for the tary Sue. J. Farlow. ensuing year: Rena G. Worth, '89^

A Constitution and By-Laws, David White, Jr., '90, S. A. Hod- previously prepared by a commit- gin, 91, W. W. Mendenhall, '92,. tee, was presented and accepted, and C. F. Tomlinson, '93. after which officers for the ensuing Thus ended the first regular year were elected as follows: alumni meeting, and it was a sue- — ——

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 269 cess from beginning to end. up to the present, and the great Let every alumnus attend the convenience arising were the canal next meeting, and by all means completed, was interesting to hear. let us have the meeting on the The production "The Develop- evening previous to Commence- ment of the Novel" was fresh and ment, as it was held this year. bright. The tendency toward the realistic in such a silent influence

as is the novel, was given as per- COMMENCEMENT DAY. haps the highest pointto be reach- [Reported by Eula L. Dixon.] ed. Elizabeth M. Meader added Commencement Day dawned to the interest of her production with mist and heavy clouds, but by speaking in an earnest, im- before any hopes had fallen, the pressive way. sun shone out brightly—promising An evil which is fast forcing a beautiful day. itself into American government Without undue excitement or corruption —was attacked in "The hurry the crowd assembled at Sanctity of the Ballot," by Elbert King Hall, and at n a. m. the S. White, of Raleigh. He advo- graduating exercises were begun. cated education in civil law and As the most appropriate opening, the uplifting of public sentiment,

Pres. Hobbs read from Phil. 4, as two strong points in the rem- 12-16, which was supplemented edy. by Joseph Moore in an impressive The Life and Writings of our prayer. oftentimes quoted "Quaker poet" The graduates numbered seven. was the subject of an oration by Charles F. Tomlinson gave the James P. Parker. Like a many- first oration. His subject was: sided prism, that loses none of its "No Conflict between Science and beauty when we gaze upon a new

Religion." The delivery was de- side, so is Whittier in any light liberate; the oration was instruct- beautiful in unselfishness, humil- ive; the thought was compact, ity and faithfulness. and, better than all, it was pure Cora E.White, of Belvidere, N. condemning the idea that nature C, delivered most creditably an and religion—both products of one oration on "the Progress of De- great hand and mind—are not mocracy." Broad as this subject harmonious. is, much thought was given in a The subject of the Nicaragua limited number of words, and Canal, given by Elwood O. Rey- originality and careful study were nolds, was the second oration. self-evident to the audience. The history of the plan, followed The last production was the 270 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

" Higher Choice," consistently He expressed himself as very given by E. Eugene Gillespie. glad to be here once more. He The sentiment was good, and the first spoke of the agricultural im- language was clothed with beau- provements about Guilford since tiful thought—not impracticable. six years ago. During the great- "Character," and "Christ" might er part of his address he confined perhaps be called the key-words himself to the attributes necessa- to this oration. ry in the character of true men Degrees were then conferred by and women. Besides this the the President, as follows: The De- thoughts were prominent that ed- gree of Batchelor of Arts upon ucation in itself is wealth— that Ernest Eugene Gillespie and Ma- money is but a little part—that rion Thompson Chilton ('92); the the evils of to-day, gambling, Degree of Batchelor of Science drinking, Sabbath-breaking, etc., upon Charles Fawcett Tomlinson, must be met by education and Cora Ella White, Elwood Osborne culture, and the crowning thought Reynolds, Elbert Scott White, that he lives best who best serves

James Peele Parker and Elizabeth his fellowr men. Murray Meader. At the conclusion of these After the diplomas had been much appreciated words the au- presented President Hobbs deliv- dience was dismissed, and the ered one of the most impressive members of another senior class and touching addresses to the were launched out from Guilford's graduating class that has ever bosom, to be guided by the Being been heard at Guilford College. whom they all serve—to a life His one theme was, "do good." work and a resting place some- The Baccalaureate address, by where. Prof. Joseph Moore, of Earlham College, came next.

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