DOCSLIB.ORG

Sustainability Index 2009

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

MEDIA SUSTAINABILITY INDEX 2009 The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia MEDIA SUSTAINABILITY INDEX 2009 The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia www.irex.org/msi Copyright © 2009 by IREX IREX 2121 K Street, NW, Suite 700 Washington, DC 20037 E-mail: [email protected] Phone: (202) 628-8188 Fax: (202) 628-8189 www.irex.org Project manager: Leon Morse IREX Project and Editorial Support: Blake Saville, Mark Whitehouse, Linda Trail, Eleeza Agopian, Lillie Paquette Copyeditors: Carolyn Feola de Rugamas, Carolyn.Ink; Kelly Kramer, WORDtoWORD Editorial Services; OmniStudio Design and layout: OmniStudio Printer: Kirby Lithographic Company, Inc. Notice of Rights: Permission is granted to display, copy, and distribute the MSI in whole or in part, provided that: (a) the materials are used with the acknowledgement “The Media Sustainability Index (MSI) is a product of IREX with funding from USAID.”; (b) the MSI is used solely for personal, noncommercial, or informational use; and (c) no modifications of the MSI are made. Acknowledgment: This publication was made possible through support provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under Cooperative Agreement No. DGS-A- 00-99-00015-00. Disclaimer: The opinions expressed herein are those of the panelists and other project researchers and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or IREX. ISSN 1546-0878 ii USAID USAID is an independent federal government agency that receives overall foreign policy guidance from the Secretary of State. Our Work supports long-term and equitable economic growth and advances US foreign policy objectives by supporting: • economic growth, agriculture and trade; • global health; and, • democracy, conflict prevention and humanitarian assistance. We provide assistance in five regions of the world: • Sub-Saharan Africa; • Asia; • Latin America and the Caribbean, • Europe and Eurasia; and • The Middle East. With headquarters in Washington, DC, USAID’s strength is its field offices around the world. We work in close partnership with private voluntary organizations, indigenous organizations, universities, American businesses, international agencies, other governments, and other U.S. government agencies. USAID has working relationships with more than 3,500 American companies and over 300 U.S.-based private voluntary organizations. IREX IREX is an international nonprofit organization providing leadership and innovative programs to improve the quality of education, strengthen independent media, and foster pluralistic civil society development. Founded in 1968, IREX has an annual portfolio of over $60 million and a staff of 500 professionals worldwide. IREX and its partner IREX Europe deliver cross-cutting programs and consulting expertise in more than 100 countries. Implementing Partners IREX wishes to thank the following organizations that coordinated the fieldwork for and authored a number of the studies herein: Marketing Communications Research Company (Armenia) http://www.tns-global.am Women’s Media Watch Azerbaijan http://www.wmw-az.org/ Mediacentar Sarajevo http://www.media.ba/mediacentar/compiled/p882.htm BTC ProMedia (Bulgaria) http://www.btcpromedia.org Institute for Advanced Studies GAP (Kosovo) http://www.gapinstitute.org/ Media Development Center (Macedonia) Independent Journalism Center (Moldova) http://ijc.md/eng/ Media LTD (Montenegro) http://www.media.cg.yu/index.htm Center for Independent Journalism (Romania) http://www.cji.ro/ iii EUROPE E&E& EURASIA Introduction ..................................................................................................... vii Executive Summary .......................................................................................... ix Methodology ..................................................................................................xvii Southeast Europe TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE Albania ............................................................................................................... 3 Bosnia & Herzegovina ..................................................................................... 17 Bulgaria ............................................................................................................ 33 Croatia ............................................................................................................. 43 Kosovo ............................................................................................................. 57 Macedonia ....................................................................................................... 67 Montenegro .................................................................................................... 77 Romania ........................................................................................................... 87 Serbia ............................................................................................................. 103 Caucasus Armenia ......................................................................................................... 115 Azerbaijan ..................................................................................................... 125 Georgia .......................................................................................................... 137 Russia and Western Eurasia Belarus ........................................................................................................... 153 Moldova ......................................................................................................... 167 Russia ............................................................................................................. 183 Ukraine .......................................................................................................... 197 Central Asia Kazakhstan .................................................................................................... 215 Kyrgyzstan ..................................................................................................... 231 Tajikistan ........................................................................................................ 249 Turkmenistan ................................................................................................. 265 Uzbekistan ..................................................................................................... 277 v The MSI reflects the expert opinions of media professionals in each country and its results inform the media community, civil society, and governments of the strengths and weaknesses of the sector. IREX continues to encourage professionals in their vital efforts at developing independent and sustainable media in their own countries or, in many cases, preserving alternative voices in the face of repressive governments. vi MEDIA SUSTAINABILITY INDEX 2009 INTRODUCTION I I am pleased to introduce the Media Sustainability Index (MSI) 2009. The MSI provides an analysis of the NTRODUCTION media environment in 21 countries of Europe and Eurasia during 2008 and also shows trends in the media sector since 2001. The MSI was first conceived in 2000 and launched in 2001, in cooperation with the IUnited States Agency for International Development (USAID). Since that time, it has become a universally recognized reference for benchmarking and assessing changes in media systems across Europe and Eurasia. The MSI allows policymakers and implementers to analyze media systems and determine the areas in which media development assistance can improve citizens’ access to news and information. Armed with knowledge, citizens can help improve the quality of governance through participatory and democratic mechanisms, and help government and civil society actors devise solutions to pervasive issues such as poverty, healthcare, conflict, and education. The MSI also provides important information for the media and media advocates in each country and region. The MSI reflects the expert opinions of media professionals in each country and its results inform the media community, civil society, and governments of the strengths and weaknesses of the sector. IREX continues to encourage professionals in their vital efforts at developing independent and sustainable media in their own countries or, in many cases, preserving alternative voices in the face of repressive governments. IREX would like to thank all those who contributed to the publication of the Media Sustainability Index 2009. Participants, moderators, authors, and observers for each country, listed after each chapter, provided the primary analysis for this project. At IREX, Leon Morse managed the MSI with editorial and administrative assistance from Blake Saville. IREX staff in the region provided important logistical support and guidance. USAID has been a consistent supporter of the MSI, helping to develop the project and ensure its ongoing implementation. We hope you will find this report useful, and we welcome any feedback. Sincerely, W. Robert Pearson President, IREX INTRODUCTION vii This year’s study also shows how growth is fragile in the media sector, particularly in Objective 1, freedom of speech. While a government’s commitment to a free media should not hinge on the quality of journalism present, biased reporting and polarization in the media can often be used as a motivation or justification for government antipathy toward a free press. viii MEDIA SUSTAINABILITY INDEX 2009 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY E The 2009 edition of the
Recommended publications
  • Media Control: a Case for Privatization in Transitional Economies

    Media Control: a Case for Privatization in Transitional Economies

    Journal of Media Economics ISSN: 0899-7764 (Print) 1532-7736 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/hmec20 Media Control: A Case for Privatization in Transitional Economies Fran Galetić, Marina Dabić & Timothy Kiessling To cite this article: Fran Galetić, Marina Dabić & Timothy Kiessling (2016) Media Control: A Case for Privatization in Transitional Economies, Journal of Media Economics, 29:3, 111-124, DOI: 10.1080/08997764.2016.1206907 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/08997764.2016.1206907 Published online: 25 Aug 2016. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 255 View related articles View Crossmark data Citing articles: 2 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=hmec20 JOURNAL OF MEDIA ECONOMICS 2016, VOL. 29, NO. 3, 111–124 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08997764.2016.1206907 Media Control: A Case for Privatization in Transitional Economies Fran Galetića, Marina Dabić a, and Timothy Kiesslingb aFaculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; bFaculty of Business Administration, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey ABSTRACT The television market can be one of the most dynamic industries if country-specific regulations allow for private competitors to enter the market. The entry of competition changes the market from monopolistic to oligopolistic, which has positive performance implications for the industry. Our research analyzes the development of the Croatian TV market from the monopolistic stage to the current oligopolistic stage. Econometric models in this article aim to estimate the current trend of market concentration and its future potential.
  • Television and Politics in the Soviet Union by Ellen Mickiewicz TELEVISION and AMERICA's CHILDREN a Crisis of Neglect by Edward L

    Television and Politics in the Soviet Union by Ellen Mickiewicz TELEVISION and AMERICA's CHILDREN a Crisis of Neglect by Edward L

    SPLIT SIGNALS COMMUNICATION AND SOCIETY edited by George Gerbner and Marsha Seifert IMAGE ETHICS The Moral Rights of Subjects in Photographs, Film, and Television Edited by Larry Gross, John Stuart Katz, and Jay Ruby CENSORSHIP The Knot That Binds Power and Knowledge By Sue Curry Jansen SPLIT SIGNALS Television and Politics in the Soviet Union By Ellen Mickiewicz TELEVISION AND AMERICA'S CHILDREN A Crisis of Neglect By Edward L. Palmer SPLIT SIGNALS Television and Politics in the Soviet Union ELLEN MICKIEWICZ New York Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1988 Oxford University Press Oxford New York Toronto Delhi Bombay Calcutta Madras Karachi Petaling Jaya Singapore Hong Kong Tokyo Nairobi Dar es Salaam Cape Town Melbourne Auckland and associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Copyright © 1988 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc., 200 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission of Oxford University Press. Mickiewicz, Ellen Propper. Split signals : television and politics in the Soviet Union / Ellen Mickiewicz. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-19-505463-6 1. Television broadcasting of news—Soviet Union. 2. Television broadcasting—Social aspects—Soviet Union. 3. Television broadcasting—Political aspects—Soviet Union. 4. Soviet Union— Politics and government—1982- I. Title. PN5277.T4M53 1988 302.2'345'0947—dc!9 88-4200 CIP 1098 7654321 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper Preface In television terminology, broadcast signals are split when they are divided and sent to two or more locations simultaneously.
  • Freedom of the Press 2005

    Freedom of the Press 2005

    FREEDOM OF THE PRESS 2005 FREEDOM OF THE PRESS 2005 A Global Survey of Media Independence EDITED BY KARIN DEUTSCH KARLEKAR FREEDOM HOUSE NEW YORK WASHINGTON, D.C. ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC. LANHAM BOULDER NEW YORK TORONTO OXFORD ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC. Published in the United States of America by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, MD 20706 www.rowmanlittlefield.com P.O. Box 317, Oxford OX2 9RU, United Kingdom Copyright © 2005 by Freedom House All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. ISSN 1551-9163 ISBN 0-7425-4028-6 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 0-7425-4029-4 (pbk. : alk. paper) Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992. Table of Contents Acknowledgments, vii The Survey Team, ix Survey Methodology, xvii Press Freedom in 2004, 1 Karin Deutsch Karlekar Global and Regional Tables, 11 Country Reports and Ratings, 19 Freedom House Board of Trustees, 225 About Freedom House, 226 Acknowledgments Freedom of the Press 2005 could not have been completed without the contributions of numerous Freedom House staff and consultants. The following section, entitled “The Survey Team,” contains a detailed list of writers and advisers without whose efforts and input this project would not have been possible.
  • Programska Shema Je Objavljena Na in Na

    Programska Shema Je Objavljena Na in Na

    Programsko mesto Program Paket Programsko mesto Program Paket Programsko mesto Program Paket 750 SLO 1 HD (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 787 BLOOMBERG (A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 850 FILMBOX PREMIUM HD FILMBOX 751 SLO 2 HD (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 788 BLOOMBERG (HB) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 851 FILMBOX EXTRA HD FILMBOX 754 HRT 1 (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 789 CNBC EUROPE (A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 852 FILMBOX PLUS FILMBOX 757 HRT 4 (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 790 RT HD (HB) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 853 FILMBOX ARTHOUSE FILMBOX 760 BN MUSIC (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 791 RT (A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 854 DOCUBOX HD FILMBOX 762 OTV VALENTINO (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 793 RTDOC HD (HB) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 855 FIGHTBOX HD FILMBOX 765 K::CN 1 (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 794 CHANNEL ONE RUSSIA (HB) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 856 FAST&FUN BOX HD FILMBOX 766 K::CN 2 (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 795 NICKELODEON (A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI Filmbox Paket 857 GAMETOON HD FILMBOX 767 K::CN 3 (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 798 SKY SPORT NEWS HD (A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 858 FASHIONBOX FILMBOX 768 TV DUGA (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 799 POWER TV (HB) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 859 360 TUNEBOX FILMBOX 770 YU PLANET BEČ (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 800 FTV (HB) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 860 EROX FILMBOX 771 RTCG SAT HD (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 801 RTL (A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 861 EROXXX HD FILMBOX 772 TV 21 M (16A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 802 RTL 2 (A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 900 BRAZZERS TV EUROPE CLUB X 774 ZICO TV PROSTO DOSTOPNI 803 3SAT HD (A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 905 DUSK! CLUB X Prosto dostopni Prosto 777 RAI UNO (HB) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 804 ANIXE HD (A) PROSTO DOSTOPNI 910 HUSTLER TV HD CLUB X Odrasli 778 RAI DUE (HB) PROSTO DOSTOPNI
  • Russian Media Policy in the First and Second Checen Campaigns

    Russian Media Policy in the First and Second Checen Campaigns

    Laura Belin (doctoral candidate, University of Oxford) e-mail: [email protected] Paper given at the 52nd conference of the Political Studies Association Aberdeen, Scotland, 5-8 April 2002 RUSSIAN MEDIA POLICY IN THE FIRST AND SECOND CHECHEN CAMPAIGNS The military campaign in Chechnya from December 1994 to August 1996 became the "first real test of journalists' freedoms" since the end of the Soviet Union1 and loomed large in perceptions about the Russian media for the rest of the 1990s. Though some journalists had condemned "shock therapy" in 1992 and the shelling of the parliament in 1993, the Chechen war prompted the journalistic community to desert Boris Yel'tsin en masse for the first time. Moscow-based television networks were the public's main source of information on the fighting.2 The private network NTV exposed official lies about how the war was waged. Newscasts on state-owned Russian Television (RTR), which reached a nationwide audience on Channel 2, soon followed NTV's lead. Virtually all privately owned newspapers also raised their voices against the military campaign. The predominant slant of war coverage became a source of pride for many journalists. Though damning news reports did not end the bloodshed, steadfast public opposition to the war impelled Yel'tsin to pursue a ceasefire agreement while running for reelection in 1996.3 Both supporters and opponents of the military campaign believed that media coverage fostered and sustained the majority view. Yel'tsin rarely retreated from unpopular policies, but his turnaround on Chechnya arguably demonstrated that journalists had helped bring some degree of transparency and therefore accountability to 1 Frank Ellis, From Glasnost to the Internet: Russia's New Infosphere, London: Macmillan Press Ltd, 1999, p.
  • Ideological and Real Socialism of My Soviet Childhood, Schooling, and Teaching: Multi-Consciousness1

    Ideological and Real Socialism of My Soviet Childhood, Schooling, and Teaching: Multi-Consciousness1

    ISSN: 2325-3290 (online) Ideological and real socialism of my Soviet childhood, schooling, and teaching: Multi-consciousness1 Eugene Matusov University of Delaware, USA Abstract Through my autobiographical reflective ethnography of my Soviet childhood, schooling and teaching, I try to investigate the phenomenon of political multiple consciousness that I observed in the USSR and its development in children. In my analysis, I abstracted eight diverse types of consciousness, five of which are political in their nature. Eugene Matusov is a Professor of Education at the University of Delaware. He studied developmental psychology with Soviet researchers working in the Vygotskian paradigm and worked as a schoolteacher before immigrating to the United States. He uses sociocultural and Bakhtinian dialogic approaches to education. His recent books are: Matusov, E. (2017). Nikolai N. Konstantinov’s authorial math pedagogy for people with wings, Matusov, E. & Brobst, J. (2013). Radical experiment in dialogic pedagogy in higher education and its Centauric failure: Chronotopic analysis, and Matusov, E. (2009). Journey into dialogic pedagogy. Introduction Famous Soviet comedian Mikhail Zhvanetsky commented in one of his 1970s monologue that it was very difficult to learn what exactly a Soviet person thought on any issue. He suspected that the answer could be given only through a physiological examination of the person’s body, “A person who says ‘yes’ undergoes a careful examination to check if behind this ‘yes’ is lurking hidden ‘no’. The exact answer can be achieved only by a urine test, which is very difficult to obtain from the person” (Zhvanetsky, 2001, p. 175, translation from Russian is mine). For the purpose of this investigation, I define a type of political consciousness heuristically as somewhat consistent subjectivity.

  • Klasa: UP/I 034-03/2012-01/002 Urbroj: 580-05/65-2013-116 Zagreb, 28

    Klasa: UP/I 034-03/2012-01/002 Urbroj: 580-05/65-2013-116 Zagreb, 28. ožujka 2013. Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja temeljem članka 30. točke 2., članka 31. i članka 49. stavka 2. i 3. Zakona o zaštiti tržišnog natjecanja („Narodne novine“, broj 79/09), u upravnoj stvari utvrđivanja narušavanja tržišnog natjecanja zlouporabom vladajućeg položaja protiv poduzetnika Hrvatska radiotelevizija, sa sjedištem u Zagrebu, Prisavlje 3, kojeg zastupa Odvjetničko društvo [...], iz Z., [...], po službenoj dužnosti, temeljem odluke Vijeća za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja u sastavu: mr.sc. Olgica Spevec, predsjednica Vijeća, Mladen Cerovac, mag.iur., zamjenik predsjednice Vijeća, Milivoj Maršić, dip.oec., Vesna Patrlj, dipl.iur. i dr.sc. Mirna Pavletić-Župić, članovi Vijeća, sa 134. sjednice, održane 28. ožujka 2013., donosi sljedeće R J E Š E NJ E 1. Prihvaćaju se mjere i uvjeti predloženi od strane Hrvatske radiotelevizije, sa sjedištem u Zagrebu, Prisavlje 3, navedeni u točki 3. izreke ovoga rješenja, kao dostatni za otklanjanje negativnih učinaka i ponovnu uspostavu tržišnog natjecanja na mjerodavnom tržištu pružanja medijskih usluga televizijskog emitiranja programa nacionalne pokrivenosti. 2. Utvrđuje se da predložene mjere i uvjeti iz točke 3. izreke ovoga rješenja ovim rješenjem postaju obvezni za Hrvatsku radioteleviziju, sa sjedištem u Zagrebu, Prisavlje 3, te da nakon ispunjenja naloga iz točke 4. i 5. izreke ovoga rješenja nema uvjeta za daljnje vođenje postupka protiv Hrvatske radiotelevizije. 3. Mjere i uvjeti koje je predložila Hrvatska radiotelevizija, sa sjedištem u Zagrebu, Prisavlje 3, su sljedeći: a) Hrvatska radiotelevizija će donijeti Opće uvjete reemitiranja programa HRT-a na „pay TV“ platformama u Republici Hrvatskoj, čiji nacrt je dostavila Agenciji za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja u podnesku od 5.
  • Converting Former Soviet Chemical Weapons Plants

    Converting Former Soviet Chemical Weapons Plants

    Jonathan B. Tucker ince Russia possesses the world’s largest stockpile This essay lays out a brief history of the CWPF con- of chemical weapons (CW)—a declared total of version issue and the contending U.S. and Russian posi- S40,000 metric tons—Russian ratification and tions. It then suggests a compromise approach based on implementation of the 1993 Chemical Weapons Conven- industrial joint ventures that would enable Moscow to tion (CWC) will be critical to the success of the global convert its former CWPFs in an economic manner, while chemical disarmament and non- satisfying the concerns of proliferation regime. To date, the United States and other however, Moscow’s ratification VIEWPOINT: countries that conversion be has been delayed by political, irreversible and verifiable. economic, and environmental CONVERTING FORMER concerns associated with CW CW PRODUCTION destruction and the conversion SOVIET CHEMICAL ACTIVITIES of former Soviet chemical weapon production facilities WEAPONS PLANTS Before, during, and after (CWPFs) to legitimate com- World War II, the Soviet by Jonathan B. Tucker mercial activities.1 Union produced many tens of thousands of tons of chemi- Whereas American CWPFs cal weapons (both blister were all single-purpose military facilities that have lain and nerve agents) at multiple facilities, most of them in dormant for years, former Soviet CWPFs are integrated the Volga River basin.4 On April 10, 1987, President into large civilian chemical production complexes and Mikhail Gorbachev declared that the Soviet Union would share the same industrial infrastructure. For example, sev- henceforth cease all development and production of CW eral buildings that once produced nerve agents are em- agents.
  • Digitalna Programska Shema

    Digitalna Programska Shema

    Programska shema TOTAL TV EXTRA TOTAL TV START TELEVIZIJSKI PROGRAMI Slovenski podnapisi Programsko mesto 1 SLOVENIJA 1 1 2 SLOVENIJA 2 HD 2 3 POP TV HD 3 4 KANAL A HD 4 5 TV3 MEDIAS 5 6 PLANET TV 6 7 BRIO 7 8 GOLICA TV 10 9 NOVA24 13 10 GOLD TV 14 11 DISCOVERY CHANNEL 20 12 NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC 21 13 VIASAT EXPLORER 22 14 HISTORY CHANNEL 23 15 VIASAT HISTORY 24 16 ANIMAL PLANET 25 17 VIASAT NATURE 26 18 ID 27 19 CRIME & INVESTIGATION 28 20 CBS REALITY 29 21 RT DOC HD (HB) 31 22 AXN 40 23 DIVA 41 24 FOX 42 25 FOX LIFE 43 26 FOX CRIME 44 27 COMEDY CENTRAL EXTRA 45 28 SCIFI 46 29 TV1000 50 30 FOX MOVIES 51 31 CINESTAR TV 52 32 CINESTAR ACTION 53 33 CINESTAR FANTASY 54 34 SK 1 SLO 60 digitalna 35 SK 2 SLO 61 programska shema 36 SK 3 SLO 62 37 ŠPORT TV 1 63 Foto: Shutterstock Foto: 38 EUROSPORT HD (HB) 64 MAREC 2018 TOTAL TV EXTRA TOTAL TV EXTRA TOTAL TV START TOTAL TV START TELEVIZIJSKI PROGRAMI TELEVIZIJSKI PROGRAMI Slovenski podnapisi Slovenski podnapisi Programsko mesto Programsko mesto 39 EUROSPORT 2 HD (HB) 65 83 PALMA PLUS 126 40 SK GOLF 66 84 RTRS 128 41 LOV IN RIBOLOV 67 85 OBN 129 42 FIGHT CHANNEL 68 86 TV1 130 43 MINIMAX 80 87 24 VESTI 131 44 DISNEY 81 88 RTV 1 – VOJVODINA 135 45 JIM JAM 85 89 RTL HR 136 46 24KITCHEN HD 90 90 RTL 2 HR 137 47 E! 91 91 PRVA 141 48 TLC 92 92 O2.TV 142 49 MTV EUROPE 102 93 PRVA PLUS 143 50 IDJ TV HD 103 94 SK HD 160 51 PINK MUSIC 104 95 SK 3 HD 161 52 BBC WORLD NEWS (HB) 113 96 SK 2 HD 162 53 RUSSIA TODAY HD (HB) 114 97 FOX HD 163 54 FRANCE 24 HD (HB) 115 98 FOX LIFE HD 164 55 FRANCE 24 FR HD (HB) 116 99 NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC HD 165 56 DEUTSCHE WELLE (HB) 117 100 VIASAT NATURE/HISTORY HD 166 57 N1 SRBIJA HD 119 101 DISCOVERY SHOWCASE HD 167 58 RTV 1 VOJVODINA 123 102 ANIMAL PLANET HD 168 59 N1 BIH 127 103 NAT.
  • Soviet-Romanian Relations Under Gorbachev "

    Soviet-Romanian Relations Under Gorbachev "

    FINAL REPORT TO NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN RESEARC H TITLE : THE EXTERNALIZATION OF REFORM : SOVIET-ROMANIAN RELATIONS UNDER GORBACHE V AUTHOR : RONALD H . LINDE N CONTRACTOR : UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURG H PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR : RONALD H . LINDEN COUNCIL CONTRACT NUMBER : 803-1 7 DATE : APRIL 1990 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY : "The Externalization of Reform : Soviet-Romanian Relations Under Gorbachev " PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR : Ronald H . Linden The principal aim of this research was to determine i f the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev was applying th e same standards and employing the same practices in it s reactions with the non-reforming East European states, as ha d previous regimes for different purposes . Specifically, th e investigation sought to determine if the USSR was using it s hegemonic position to promote change, in the form o f glasnost, perestroika and reform of regional institutions, i n the same way earlier regimes had acted to prevent reform . While an answer to this question can be offered, th e events of 1989 made this more of a historic than a curren t question . A broader approach to which this research wa s amenable was to look at existing Soviet policies in light o f the revolutions of 1989 and determine what, if anything , remained of post war Soviet policy . The question of how i t reacted to the recalcitrance of the Ceausescu leadership an d how it has reacted to the changes in Romania and elsewhere i n the region since the revolutions remains central . The mai n context of the research was Soviet-East European relations ; that context remains but the dynamics changed dramaticall y enough to extend the research focus in time and breadth .
  • Glasnost, Perestroika and the Soviet Media Communication and Society General Editor: James Curran

    Glasnost, Perestroika and the Soviet Media Communication and Society General Editor: James Curran

    Glasnost, Perestroika and the Soviet Media Communication and Society General editor: James Curran Social Work, the Media and Public Relations Bob Franklin and Dave Murphy What News? The Market, Politics and the Local Press Bob Franklin and Dave Murphy Images of the Enemy: Reporting the New Cold War Brian McNair Pluralism, Politics and the Marketplace: The Regulation of German Broadcasting Vincent Porter and Suzanne Hasselbach Potboilers: Methods, Concepts and Case Studies in Popular Fiction Jerry Palmer Glasnost, Perestroika and the Soviet Media Brian McNair London and New York First published 1991 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2006. “ To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk/.” Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge a division of Routledge, Chapman and Hall, Inc. 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 © 1991 Brian McNair All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data McNair, Brian Glasnost, perestroika and the Soviet media. – (Communication and scoiety). 1. Soviet Union. Mass media I. Title II. Series 302.230947 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data McNair, Brian Glasnost, perestroika and the Soviet media / Brian McNair.
  • 1. RTCG 1 71. Pink Koncert 141. Diva 2. RTCG 2 72. PINK FOLK 1 142. CNN Intematioanal 3. TV BUDVA HD 73. PINK FOLK 2 143. Cartoon Network 4

    1. RTCG 1 71. Pink Koncert 141. Diva 2. RTCG 2 72. PINK FOLK 1 142. CNN Intematioanal 3. TV BUDVA HD 73. PINK FOLK 2 143. Cartoon Network 4

    ANEKS 1-5 Odobrenje br. 0-AVMD-03 Datum: 16.03.2020.g. Katalog radijskih i televizijskih programa - "Extra TV" 1. RTCG 1 71. Pink Koncert 141. Diva 2. RTCG 2 72. PINK FOLK 1 142. CNN Intematioanal 3. TV BUDVA HD 73. PINK FOLK 2 143. Cartoon Network 4. TV NIKŠIĆ 74. PINK PLUS 144. Boomerang 5. TV PU EVU A 75. PINK EXTRA 145. Disney Channel 6. TV HN 76. Pink Style 146. Disney Junior 7. TV A l 77. PINK FASHION 147. Animal Planet 8. TV VDESTI 78. PINK REALITY 148. Animal Planet HD 9. TV PRVA 79. PINK ZABAVA 149. Discovery Channel 10. TV SUN 80. PINK WORLD 150. Discovery Channel HD 11. TV CORONA 81. Pink show 151. Discovery Science 12. SRPSKA TV 82. Pink kuvar 152. Discovery Science HD 13. TV 7 83. Fight Network 153. DTX HD 14. Novi TV 84. PINK PEDIA 154. ID: Investigation Discovery 15. MNE Sport 1 85. Pink Super Kids 155. ID: Investigation Discovery HD 16. MNE Sport 2 86. Super Kids 156. TLC 17. MNE Sport 3 87. Erotic 157. TLCHD 18. RTS1 HD 88. Erotic 2 158. Eurosport 19. RTS2 HD 89. Erotic 3 159. Eurosport 1 HD 20. RTS 3 90. Erotic 4 160. Eurosport 2 21, RTS Svet HD 91. Erotic 5 161. Eurosport 2 HD 22. RTS Drama 92. Erotic 6 162. National Geographic 23. RTS Kolo 93. Erotic 7 163. Nat Geo Wild 24. RTS Muzika 94. Erotic 8 164. Sky News 25. RTS Trezor 95. Pink lol 165. Brazzers TV Europe 26.