DOCSLIB.ORG

Diabetic Retinopathy by the Numbers a Guide to Following and Educating Patients LACRIMAL OCCLUSION ■ Who Face This Threatening Diagnosis, P

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

REVIEW OF OPTOMETRY Earn 2 CE Credits: Can You Identify These Vitreous Anomalies?, p. 94 ■ VOL. 153 NO. 6 June 15, 2016 www.reviewofoptometry.com ■ JUNE 15, 2016 ■ ANNUAL 7th Annual Retina Report RETINA REPORT Diabetic Retinopathy By the Numbers ■ A guide to following and educating patients LACRIMAL OCCLUSION who face this threatening diagnosis, p. 36 • Food for Thought: Diet, Genetics and AMD, p. 48 • The Dilation Dilemma p. 54 • Managing Patients with ■ VITREOUS ANOMALIES Hypertensive Crisis, p. 58 ■ VIRAL CONJUNCTIVITIS 125 YEARS Plug the Drain with Lacrimal Occlusion, p. 70 | Claim Victory Over Viral Conjunctivitis, p. 78 001_ro0616_fc.indd 1 6/9/16 9:57 AM We call it our fundamental business truth: 1 20/200 Your success is essential to Our success. When your practice grows and flourishes, so does ours. At Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, we have operated according to this simple, but profound, principle for over 30 years. And it is the inspiration and 2 20/100 energy behind every year of our 3 decades of Global leadership in the contact lens marketplace. But history tells only a small part of the story. It is what we will do together in partnership over 3 20/70 the next 3 decades that will truly change the very meaning of vision care. Our commitment to innovation is unwavering. 4 20/50 But at the center of all of the R & D eff orts—be they technological, educational, or commercial in nature— is our commitment to advancing the eye care profession. 5 20/40 We thank you for your partnership and look forward to the continued journey together. 6 20/30 Together: Your Patients, Your Practice, Our Commitment™ RO0616_Vistakon.indd 2 5/23/16 2:58 PM WE ARE C H A N G I N G THE FUTURE OF VISION CARE TOGETHER © Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. 2016 10562277A March 2016 RO0616_Vistakon.indd 3 5/23/16 2:58 PM News Review VOL. 153 NO. 6 ■ JUNE 15, 2016 IN THE NEWS Visual Loss, Blindness IOP fl uctuations are more signifi cant in patients with pseudoexfoliation to Double by 2050 syndrome (a known risk factor for the development of glaucoma) than in those But the numbers will be lower if Americans get more with healthy, normal eyes, reports a study in the May 2016 Journal of Glaucoma. eye exams and refractions. By Bill Kekevian, Senior Editor Using a Triggerfi sh (Sensimed) contact lens sensor, researchers at he number of Americans the University of Toyama in Japan with visual impairment monitored the IOP levels of 11 subjects Tor blindness will climb to with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and more than eight million by the year 11 subjects with healthy eyes. After 24 2050—approximately twice the hours of continuous monitoring, the current number—and an addi- researchers found that participants tional 16.4 million Americans are with PE had signifi cantly larger IOP expected to have vision impairment fl uctuations, as well as greater post-CL due to uncorrected refractive error, wear central corneal thickness, than based on a National Institutes of those with healthy eyes. This larger Health analysis of six large studies. fl uctuation might be one of the reasons Several factors explain the underlying the aggravation of visual fi eld increases, including the aging of MD, PhD, director of the National loss in patients with PE, the researchers the baby boom generation and a Eye Institute, which funded the conclude. rise in systemic diseases (such as study. diabetes) that can impact patients’ Among all demographic groups, Google applied for a patent for vision. This study also shows that non-Hispanic white women will what appears to be an electronic refractive error is the leading cause represent the largest proportion of accommodating intraocular lens of visual impairment in the United people affected by visual impair- device. According to the application, States, as well as worldwide. ment and blindness, with their fi led April 28, 2016 with the US Patent But these predictions aren’t inevi- numbers rising to 2.15 million Offi ce, the device includes an electronic table. Optometrists and ophthal- visually impaired and 610,000 lens, a fl exible polymeric material that mologists can help lessen these blind. However, the highest fi lls the lens capsule, an accommodation estimated numbers by encouraging prevalence of visual impairment sensor and a controller. After the device patients to get vision screenings among non-whites will shift from is implanted, the eye and lens capsule and eye exams, according to the African Americans (15.2% in 2015 apply “accommodation forces” to the investigators. Vision screening and to 16.3% in 2050) to Hispanics polymeric material, which are detected by proper refractive correction could (9.9% in 2015 to 20.3% in 2050). the accommodation sensor. This prompts produce clinical improvements in The study even localized its pre- the controller to change the optical power up to 72% of Americans with vi- dictions by state, speculating that of the electronic lens. The device and sion impairment and 22% of those blindness will most affect Mis- polymeric material “can restore a degree with blindness, they say. sissippi (up to 1.25% by 2050) of accommodation to the eye” on par “Early detection and interven- and Louisiana (1.2% by 2050). with natural accommodation, the patent tion—possibly as simple as pre- For visual impairment, Florida reads. The device would also include an scribing corrective lenses—could will have the highest per capita antenna to wirelessly send and receive go a long way toward preventing a prevalence (3.98% by 2050) and updated calibration information. signifi cant proportion of avoidable Hawaii (3.93% by 2050) will vision loss,” said Paul A. Sieving, closely follow. 4 REVIEW OF OPTOMETRY JUNE 15, 2016 004_ro0616_news.indd 4 6/8/16 1:58 PM Keeler Optics...says it all. The Z Series Slit Lamp is the latest line from Keeler featuring Order now and receive legendary Keeler optics housed in a stylish, contemporary design. a limited edition bronze D-KAT tonometer. Your choice of 3 or 5 step magnification option in a standard, digital ready, or comprehensive digital capture system. Contact your preferred Keeler distributor for Check out some of these great features: details. • Converging or parallel binoculars • Integrated yellow barrier filter • 14mm Slit length / maximum • 1m Square aperture for Uveitis aperture assessment • X 6 to x 40 (5 step) or X 10 to • LED illumination X 25 (3 step) magnifications • Illumination control mounted • Blue, red-free, clear, neutral next to joystick density and diffuser filters • 3 year warranty • 360 degree continuous slit rotation Keeler Instruments, Inc. • 456 Parkway • Broomall, PA 19008 Learn more at www.keelerusa.com Tel: (800) 523-5620 • Fax: (610) 353-7814 • email: [email protected] RO0416_Keeler.indd 1 3/22/16 12:31 PM News Review Scientists Reverse Diabetic Retinopathy in Lab Study esearchers from Indiana are investigating a potential new Rintraocular treatment, based on manipulating the renin angioten- sin system (RAS), that may prevent or even reverse diabetic retinopathy. In studies using mice, it seems to be working, according to The Ameri- can Journal of Pathology. The research is based on the hy- pothesis that an imbalance between two axes of the RAS leads to de- velopment of diseases like diabetic retinopathy. The team injected a therapeutic agent known as AAV- ACE2 directly into the vitreous cavity of the eye of diabetic mice to increase angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) expression. The researchers’ conclusion was Long believed to be irreversible, retinal damage from diabetes could one day be reached after two experiments. The ameliorated by therapy to reduce proinflammatory cells. fi rst saw the agent administered two weeks prior to a streptozotocin The investigators found both agent without interference from the injection, which induced diabetes in strategies effectively decreased the blood-retinal barrier. Hypotheti- the mice. The second saw it admin- numbers of proinfl ammatory cells cally, this therapy could be modi- istered six months after a strep- present in the diabetic retina. fi ed to address vascular diseases in tozotocin injection, after diabetic In addition, the intravitreal ap- other systems, such as the heart or retinopathy developed. proach is designed to deliver the kidneys. Exercise Tires the Eyes as Well as the Body But caffeine perks eyes up again, research shows. legs also slows the eyes,” says co-lead investigator Nicolas Gant, trenuous exercise can damp- In this study, researchers at PhD, MSc. “This might well be the en the central nervous system the University of Auckland, New reason the tired cyclist never saw S(CNS)—an effect known as Zealand, assigned 12 cyclists to that bus coming!” central fatigue. Research published three hours of stationary cycling. This effect was reversed in in Nature now shows that this Immediately after the workout, individuals given caffeine, who fatigue also weakens the oculomo- the researchers tested saccadic eye experienced an increase in their tor muscles and reduces saccadic movements and found that the saccadic velocities by up to 11% speed. But, as one might expect, a subjects’ saccade velocity de- after exercise. shot of caffeine appears to be the creased by 8%. remedy. “It’s remarkable that tiring the (Continued on p. 8) 6 REVIEW OF OPTOMETRY JUNE 15, 2016 004_ro0616_news.indd 6 6/8/16 1:58 PM www.ogieyewear.com | 1.888.560.1060 RO0616_OGI Eyewear.indd 1 5/16/16 12:58 PM News Review Exercise Tires the Eyes as Well as the Body (Continued from p. 6) istock “The amount of caffeine BUSINESS OFFICES 11 CAMPUS BLVD., SUITE 100 we gave during exercise NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073 was the equivalent of two CEO, INFORMATION SERVICES GROUP cups of coffee.
Recommended publications
  • A Comprehensive Survey on Various Biometric Systems

    A Comprehensive Survey on Various Biometric Systems

    International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 13, Number 5 (2018) pp. 2276-2297 © Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com A Comprehensive Survey on Various Biometric Systems T.Sabhanayagam 1, Dr. V. Prasanna Venkatesan2 and Dr. K. Senthamaraikannan3 1 Research Scholar, Center for Computer and Information Technology Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India. 1And Assistant Professor, School of Computing, SRMIST, Chennai 1Orcid: 0000-0002-9782-7068 2 Dr.V.Prasanna Venkatesan, Proof & Head, Dept. of Banking Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India. 3 Dr. K.Senthamaraikannan, Prof & Head, Dept. of Statistics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India. Abstract Biometrics gains significant importance in this technical world and it means analysis of biological data. It is defined as the technology of analyzing individual person based on physiological, behavioural or morphological traits such as face, fingerprint, iris, retina, voice, and signature etc,. It is possible to establish one’s identity with the help of biometric techniques. Today biometric have been successfully deployed in various fields like forensic science, security, identification and authorization system. For the last three decades, lot of research work has to be carried out for the growth of biometric system based on fingerprint, voice, iris, face, etc, but recently new biometrics has been come up. To provide a comprehensive survey, this paper presents an
  • Optical Imaging of the Chorioretinal Vasculature in the Living Human Eye

    Optical Imaging of the Chorioretinal Vasculature in the Living Human Eye

    Optical imaging of the chorioretinal vasculature in the living human eye Dae Yu Kima, Jeff Finglera, Robert J. Zawadzkib, Susanna S. Parkb, Lawrence S. Morseb, Daniel M. Schwartzc, Scott E. Frasera,1, and John S. Wernerb,1 aBiological Imaging Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125; bDepartment of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817; and cDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143 Edited* by Napoleone Ferrara, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, and approved July 9, 2013 (received for review April 18, 2013) Detailed visualization of microvascular changes in the human retina cells, as well as atrophy of the underlying CC and choroidal is clinically limited by the capabilities of angiography imaging, a vessels (4–6). GA regional identification is typically accomplished 2D fundus photograph that requires an intravenous injection of using autofluorescence imaging techniques, which depend on fluorescent dye. Whereas current angiography methods enable lipofuscin accumulation within RPE cells associated with this visualization of some retinal capillary detail, they do not ade- disease, but the current clinical imaging methods are limited in quately reveal the choriocapillaris or other microvascular features detecting early morphological changes in the choriocapillaris beneath the retina. We have developed a noninvasive microvas- (7, 8). An improved understanding of the progression of GA cular imaging technique called phase-variance optical coherence and its underlying mechanisms is important to develop potential tomography (pvOCT), which identifies vasculature three dimen- therapeutic targets for intervention, and diagnostic tools capable sionally through analysis of data acquired with OCT systems. The of observing the key features of atrophic AMD are critical for fulfilling this goal.
  • Effects of Nd:YAG Laser Capsulotomy in Posterior Capsular Opacification

    Effects of Nd:YAG Laser Capsulotomy in Posterior Capsular Opacification

    Original Research Article Effects of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy in posterior capsular opacification Praveen Kumar G S1, Lavanya P2*, Raviprakash D3 1Assistant Professor, 2Associate Professor, 3Professor & HOD, Department of Ophthalmology, Shridevi institute of Medical Sciences and Research Hospital, Sira Road, NH-4 Bypass Road, Tumkur- 572106, INDIA. Email: [email protected] Abstract Background: Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the most common long-term complication of cataract surgery in both phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE). The overall incidence of PCO and the incidence of neodymium-doped yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Nd:YAG) laser posterior capsulotomy has decreased from 50% in the 1980s and early 1990s to less than 10% today. Reported complications of Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy include elevated intraocular pressure, iritis, corneal damage, intraocular lens (IOL) damage, cystoids macular edema, disruption of the anterior hyaloid surface, increased risk of retinal detachment, and IOL movement or dislocation. In some patients, a refraction change is noticed after Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy, but proving this remains difficult. Materials and Methods: Nd; YAG LASER capsulotomy was performed in 200 eyes of 200 patients, some with pseudophakia and some with aphakia at Kurnool medical college, Kurnool. They were followed up between October 2008 and September 2010. Results: Elevation of IOP has been well documented after anterior segment laser procedures. The IOP rise after YAG laser posterior capsulotomy is of short duration starting about 1 hr after laser procedure and lasting for 24 hrs. In this study, in 1case IOP came down to normal level after 3 days and in another case after 7 days.
  • The Acute and Long-Term Ocular Effects of Accelerated Hypertension: a Clinical and Electrophysiological Study

    The Acute and Long-Term Ocular Effects of Accelerated Hypertension: a Clinical and Electrophysiological Study

    THE ACUTE AND LONG-TERM OCULAR EFFECTS OF ACCELERATED HYPERTENSION: A CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL STUDY 1 2 2 3 3 L2 S. J. TALKS , , P. GOOD , C. G. CLOUGH , D. G. BEEVERS and P. M. DODSON Birmingham SUMMARY the invention of the ophthalmoscope in 1851 the Thirty-four patients with accelerated hypertension were causes of this disturbance could be described? clinically examined. The visual evoked potential (VEP) Leibreich,4 in 1859, was the first to describe and electroretinogram (ERG) were recorded: acutely 'albuminuric retinitis' in Bright's disease. However, in 12 patients, being repeated in 7 patients up to 6 it was not until 1914, after the invention of the Riva­ months later. In the remaining 22 patients these tests Rocci sphygmomanometer at the end of the nine­ were performed 2-4 years after presentation. Visual teenth century, that Volhard and Fahr6 related the acuity was 5.6/12 in 22 of 68 (32 %) eyes at presentation retinopathy to arterial hypertension. and 5.6/12 in 10 of 58 (19%) eyes at follow-up. The It was then realised that the fundal appearance cause of severest loss of vision appeared to be anterior was associated with the severity of the hypertension ischaemic optic neuropathy, found in 3 cases. During and with the prognosis of the patient. In 1939 Keith the acute stage 11 patients (92%) had abnormal VEPs et aC drew up a four-group grading system. Grade 3 and all had abnormal ERGs. The group mean PI00 (more recently called accelerated hypertensionS) latency, of the 7 patients (14 eyes) seen acutely and consisted of 'angiospastic retinitis', 'characterised followed up at 6 months, was 123.8 ms with significant especially by oedema, cotton wool patches, and recovery of latency (p<0.005) to 110.9 ms.
  • MOC PORT/DOCK Practice Core Modules Content Outline

    MOC PORT/DOCK Practice Core Modules Content Outline

    MOC PORT/DOCK Practice Core Modules Content Outline 1 Cataract and Anterior Segment (10%) 1.1 Basic Anatomical and Scientific Aspects 1.1.1 The Normal Lens 1.1.1.1 Anatomy 1.2 Assessment Techniques 1.2.1 History-Taking and Preoperative Examination of Ocular Structures 1.2.1.1 Take patient history 1.2.1.2 Examine ocular structures 1.2.1.3 Signs and symptoms 1.2.1.4 Indications for surgery 1.2.1.6 External examination 1.2.1.7 Slit-lamp examination 1.2.1.8 Fundus evaluation 1.2.1.9 Impact on visual functioning and quality of life 1.2.2 Measurement of Visual and Macular Function 1.2.2.1 Visual acuity testing 1.2.2.2 Test visual acuity 1.2.2.5 Visual field testing 1.2.2.6 Test visual field 1.2.2.7 Cataract's effect on visual acuity 1.2.2.8 Estimate cataract's effect on visual acuity 1.2.2.10 Measure visual (and macular) function 1.2.4.3 Evaluate glare disability: subjective and objective 1.3 Clinical Disease Conditions and Manifestations 1.3.1 Types of Cataract 1.3.1.1 Identify types of cataracts 1.3.2 Anterior Segment Disorders 1.3.2.1 Diagnose anterior segment disorders 1.3.2.2 Cataract associated with uveitis 1.3.2.3 Diabetes mellitus and cataract formation 1.3.2.4 Lens-induced glaucoma 1.3.2.4.1 Lens particle 1.3.2.4.2 Phacolytic 1.3.2.4.3 Phacomorphic Copyright and Use Policy for ABO Content Outlines © 2017 – American Board of Ophthalmology.
  • Ophthalmology July 10-11, 2018 Bangkok, Thailand

    Ophthalmology July 10-11, 2018 Bangkok, Thailand

    J Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018, Volume 9 conferenceseries.com DOI: 10.4172/2155-9570-C4-088 3rd International Conference on Ophthalmology July 10-11, 2018 Bangkok, Thailand Stage of Hypertensive Retinopathy among Patients who undergone Cataract Surgery in Zamboanga City Medical Center Jerne Kaz Niels B. Paber Dr.evangelista st, sta. Catalina Background: Individuals who are not known hypertensive are noted to have blurring of vision as an initial presentation. Preventable co- morbidity such as hypertension is essential in saving sight in patients with cataract. Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypertension and stage of hypertensive retinopathy among individuals who undergone cataract surgery and to identify the association between the stage of hypertension and the risk factors for hypertension and the stage of hypertensive retinopathy. Methods: This prospective study included 203 individuals. All of the participants were noted to have mature cataract surgery done and was noted to have followed up at Tzu Chi Eye center from July 1 2017 to March 30, 2018. The nature, significance and procedure of the study were explained to every identified respondent. There was only one ophthalmologist who saw the participants who enrolled in the study. Once they understood the study, a written informed consent was taken. They were asked to answer questions provided by the researcher and their laboratory results were recorded. A follow up after 2 weeks was done in order to determine the stage of retinopathy of the patients. Demographic variables, hypertensive retinopathy, history of hypertension, medication usage, compliance, ECG changes, proteinuria, creatinine, and cardiomegaly on chest x-ray, radiographic identification of Atheromatous aorta and fundoscopic examination were analyzed.
  • Ophthalmology Abbreviations Alphabetical

    Ophthalmology Abbreviations Alphabetical

    COMMON OPHTHALMOLOGY ABBREVIATIONS Listed as one of America’s Illinois Eye and Ear Infi rmary Best Hospitals for Ophthalmology UIC Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences by U.S.News & World Report Commonly Used Ophthalmology Abbreviations Alphabetical A POCKET GUIDE FOR RESIDENTS Compiled by: Bryan Kim, MD COMMON OPHTHALMOLOGY ABBREVIATIONS A/C or AC anterior chamber Anterior chamber Dilators (red top); A1% atropine 1% education The Department of Ophthalmology accepts six residents Drops/Meds to its program each year, making it one of nation’s largest programs. We are anterior cortical changes/ ACC Lens: Diagnoses/findings also one of the most competitive with well over 600 applicants annually, of cataract whom 84 are granted interviews. Our selection standards are among the Glaucoma: Diagnoses/ highest. Our incoming residents graduated from prestigious medical schools ACG angle closure glaucoma including Brown, Northwestern, MIT, Cornell, University of Michigan, and findings University of Southern California. GPA’s are typically 4.0 and board scores anterior chamber intraocular ACIOL Lens are rarely lower than the 95th percentile. Most applicants have research lens experience. In recent years our residents have gone on to prestigious fellowships at UC Davis, University of Chicago, Northwestern, University amount of plus reading of Iowa, Oregon Health Sciences University, Bascom Palmer, Duke, UCSF, Add power (for bifocal/progres- Refraction Emory, Wilmer Eye Institute, and UCLA. Our tradition of excellence in sives) ophthalmologic education is reflected in the leadership positions held by anterior ischemic optic Nerve/Neuro: Diagno- AION our alumni, who serve as chairs of ophthalmology departments, the dean neuropathy ses/findings of a leading medical school, and the director of the National Eye Institute.
  • Study of Visual Outcome After Neodymium YAG Laser Therapy in Posterior Capsular Opacity

    Study of Visual Outcome After Neodymium YAG Laser Therapy in Posterior Capsular Opacity

    perim Ex en l & ta a l O ic p in l h t C h f a o l m l Journal of Clinical and Experimental a o n l r o g u y o J ISSN: 2155-9570 Ophthalmology Research article Study of Visual Outcome after Neodymium YAG Laser Therapy in Posterior Capsular Opacity Pawan N. Jarwal* Department of Ophthalmology, Jaipuriya Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India ABSTRACT Purpose: Posterior capsular opacification is the most common long term complication of modern IOL surgery. Neodymium YAG laser remains the cornerstone of its treatment .In this study, an attempt was made to study the visual outcome following Neodymium YAG laser capsulotomy Methods: This was a prospective study of 50 patients conducted in Hospital , attached to R.U.H.S.-CMS Medical College ,Jaipur. All patients aged 50 years and above, attending the regular OPD who presented with visually significant posterior capsular opacification were treated with Neodymium YAG laser capsulotomy. After capsulotomy, follow up was done 1 – 4 hour after Capsulotomy, day one, end of first week, end of first month and at the end of minimum 3 months. During follow-up the visual acuity Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP) and other relevant tests were conducted and appropriate intervention were made during the follow-up period. Results: In my study duration of onsetofsymptoms of Posteriorcapsularopacity (PCO) is more between 2-3 years period after surgery. Pearls type of is Posteriorcapsular opacity more when compared to fibrous type. Most of the patients treated for Posterior capsular opacity with Neodymium: YAG laser capsulotomy showed an improvement in visual acuity .There was no incidence of major complications in patients treated with procedure.
  • Ocular Co-Morbidity in Patients with Refractive Errors in Nigeria

    Ocular Co-Morbidity in Patients with Refractive Errors in Nigeria

    N igerian Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 19(1): 19-24 Ocular Co-morbidity in Patients with Refractive Errors in Nigeria BO Adegbehingbe FWA CS, O Adeoye FWA CS, BA Adewara M BBS Ophthalmology Unit, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 1-4 ABSTRACT a high proportion of patients attend ing ophthalm ic clinics. Refractive errors can be easily d iagnosed , m easured and Purpose: To d eterm ine the pattern and prevalence of other corrected w ith spectacles or other refractive corrections to ocular problem s seen in patients w ith refractive errors attain normal vision. H ow ever, non correction or inad equate in a N igerian teaching hospital. correction of refractive errors becom es a m ajor cause of low Methods: A retrospective hospital-based review of all vision and even blind ness. Globally, there are 8 m illion consecutive patients w ho presented w ith signs and people w ho are blind and 153 m illion w ith visual sym ptom s of refractive errors at the Obafem i Aw olow o im pairm ent (presenting visual acuity <6/ 18 in the better University Teaching H ospitals Com plex betw een 1st eye) d ue to uncorrected refractive errors; this exclud es January 2007 and 31st August 2007. Patients w ho had a presbyopia.5 Poor visual outcom e in patients w ith refractive d iagnosis of refractive error and su bsequently had errors could be in part d ue to other associated ocular d etailed eye exam ination w ere includ ed in this stud y.
  • Eye Based Authentication: Iris and Retina Detection

    Eye Based Authentication: Iris and Retina Detection

    The University of Saskatchewan Department of Computer Science Technical Report #2011-04 Eye Based Authentication: Iris and Retina Recognition Minhaz Fahim Zibran 2009 Department of Computer Science The University of Saskatchewan, Canada Abstract Biometric authentication comes in play to release the users from the difficulties of remembering and protecting passwords as required by traditional authenti- cation systems. Among all the biometrics in use today, eye biometrics (iris and retina) offers the highest level of uniqueness, universality, permanence, and ac- curacy. Despite these convincing properties of iris and retina biometrics, they have not been in widespread use. Moreover, humans have more or less a natural ability to recognize individuals staring at the person's eye. So, it is interesting to investigate to what extent the eye based biometrics (iris and retina recog- nition) are capable of distinguishing individuals, and what factors are there, which hinder the adoption of these technologies. This report presents a comparative study on iris and retina biometrics based on literature review. The study aims to investigate the two biometrics, conduct a comparative analysis in a fair level of technical detail, and identify the challenges and future possibilities towards their ubiquitous use. In presenting the findings, the study contributes in three ways: (1) This report may serve as a tutorial of eye biometric for those who are new in the area, (2) The comparison between iris and retina biometrics will be helpful for individuals and organizations in choosing the appropriate eye biometric for use in their context. (3) The technical, security, and usability issues identified by the study reveal avenue for further research in order to improve eye biometrics.
  • Visual Impairment Care Needs of the Public Through Clinical Care, Research, and Education, All of Which Enhance the Quality of Life

    Visual Impairment Care Needs of the Public Through Clinical Care, Research, and Education, All of Which Enhance the Quality of Life

    OPTOMETRY: OPTOMETRIC CLINICAL THE PRIMARY EYE CARE PROFESSION PRACTICE GUIDELINE Doctors of optometry (ODs) are the primary health care professionals for the eye. Optometrists examine, diagnose, treat, and manage diseases, injuries, and disorders of the visual system, the eye, and associated structures as well as identify related systemic conditions affecting the eye. Optometrists provide more than two-thirds of the primary eye care services in the United States. They are more widely distributed geographically than other eye care providers and are readily accessible for the delivery of eye and vision care services. Approximately 37,000 full-time equivalent doctors of optometry practice in more than 7,0000 communities across the United States, serving as the sole primary eye care provider in more than 4,300 communities. Care of the Patient with The mission of the profession of optometry is to fulfill the vision and eye Visual Impairment care needs of the public through clinical care, research, and education, all of which enhance the quality of life. (Low Vision Rehabilitation) OPTOMETRIC CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE CARE OF THE PATIENT WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT (LOW VISION REHABILITATION) Reference Guide for Clinicians Prepared by the American Optometric Association Consensus Panel on Care of the Patient with Low Vision Kathleen Fraser Freeman, O.D., Principal Author Roy Gordon Cole, O.D. Eleanor E. Faye, M.D. Paul B. Freeman, O.D. Gregory L. Goodrich, Ph.D. Joan A. Stelmack, O.D. Reviewed by the AOA Clinical Guidelines Coordinating Committee: David A. Heath, O.D., Chair John F. Amos, O.D., M.S. Stephen C. Miller, O.D.
  • Hypertensive Retinopathycourse # 40048

    Hypertensive Retinopathycourse # 40048

    Hypertensive Retinopathy Course # 40048 Instructor: Amiee Ho OD Section: Systemic Disease COPE Course ID: 5119251192----SDSDSDSD Expiration Date: October 10, 2019 Qualified Credits: 1.00 credits --- $39.00 COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course focuses on the clinical features, diagnosis and management of hypertensive retinopathy. Additionally, some background and statistics on systemic hypertension is also presented. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: • Know the retinal signs of hypertension • Understand importance of checking blood pressure and knowing when to refer immediately • Understand general background and current statistics of systemic hypertension • Know how to manage and co-manage these types of patients • Understand early detection and proper referrals can save lives Hello, I am Dr. Aimee Ho, and welcome to Pacific University’s online CE course on Hypertensive Retinopathy. For this course, we will be reviewing systemic hypertension, ocular manifestations of hypertension, and the management of these patients. Without further ado, let’s get started. I would like to start with presenting a case. This is a 45 Table 1 year old Caucasian male. He presents for his 1 st eye exam back in 2005. He complains of blurry vision at near without an Rx. His ocular history and medical history is unremarkable, and he’s not on any medications. For his occupation, he reports being an attorney in a very high stress environment. BCVA is 20/20 in the right eye, and 20/20 in the left. Pupils, EOM’s and confrontation visual fields were all unremarkable at that visit. The anterior segment was also unremarkable. Table 2 After dilation, looking at the posterior segment, the optic nerves looked healthy with pink rims, distinct margins, and a small C/D ratio.