DOCSLIB.ORG

Collection of Scented Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Cultivars from Maharashtra and Parts of Karnataka

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Collection of Scented Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Cultivars from Maharashtra and Parts of Karnataka Chapter 2 Collection of scented rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars from Maharashtra and parts of Karnataka Collection of rice cultivars 2.1 Introduction Ancient India is one of the oldest regions where cultivation of O. sativa L. began. The foothill of Himalayas is the centre of diversity of scented rice of Group V, from here by westward route scented rice cultivars distributed in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat (Glaszmann 1987). In these states numerous scented varieties belonging to this group are grown under different names (Khush 2000). It is estimated that India has over 70,000 cultivars of rice germplasm and with a sizable number of wild forms still to be collected and conserved (Siddiq 1992). Since the time of civilization, thousands of locally adapted scented rice genotypes have evolved as a consequence of natural and human selection. These landraces are the genetic reservoirs of useful genes. The collection and evaluation of landraces is a part of fundamental work of rice geneticist for breeding purposes. Considering the need for broadening gene-pool of rice, it is necessary to collect and conserve the cultivars that are locally cultivated and maintained by farmers. In view of collecting the germplasm, a special drive was undertaken for upland paddy varieties cultivated in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and 5 other states resulted in collection of 1,938 cultivars. National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR), New Delhi, India further augmented the collections during 1983-89 by about 4,862 cultivars. Parts of Maharashtra were also explored during joint explorations led by Kihara in the early 1960s and Watabe in the late 1960s and early 1970s (Singh et al. 2000b). Even though all these explorations have resulted in a large assembly of scented rice cultivars maintained as working/active collections/base collections at various gene banks, majority of the cultivars lack precise information on important traits (Rana et al. 2009). The large scale spread of modern, high yielding varieties has replaced the traditional varieties especially in the irrigated rice ecosystem leading to reduced genetic base and thus increased genetic vulnerability. In past few decades, increase in share of high yielding varieties and shrinkage in the area of local varieties have been reported in India (Hore 2005, Patil and Patil 1994, 5 Collection of rice cultivars Rana et al. 2009) as well as in several other countries (Bhatti 1998, Chaudhary 2006, Itani 1993, Juma 1989). Collection and characterization of cultivars is not only important for utilizing the appropriate attribute based donors in breeding programs, but is also essential in the present era for protecting the unique rice. Thus considering this background and need of conservation, the efforts were undertaken to collect rice cultivars especially non-basmati scented cultivars from Maharashtra and parts of Karnataka 2.2 Material and methods 2.2.1 Exploration and collection of rice cultivars: The collection of rice cultivars was made by personal collection, procurement of cultivars from rice research stations and research institutes and by purchase of cultivars. 2.2.1.1 Personal collection: Rice growing regions of Maharashtra state and Belgaum district, Karnataka were surveyed in years 2005-2009 for scented rice cultivars. During this period local farmers were enquired primarily about native scented landraces. Based on this information, fine grid survey was conducted in Konkan belt (Thane, Raigad, Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg district), West Maharashtra (Nashik, Ahamadnagar, Pune and Kolhapur) and Vidharba (Bhandara, Chandrapur, Gudchiroli, Gondia district) for collection of cultivars. Fresh seed stocks for each cultivar were collected from fields, farmer’s store, local market and threshing floors. Along with this, farmer’s opinions about peculiarities and shortcomings of the cultivars were also recorded. The localities of collection are indicated in Fig 2.1. 2.2.1.2 Procurement from Research stations and institutes: Germplasm was procured from research stations in Maharashtra viz. Agricultural Rice Research Station, Radhanagri, Dist. Kolhapur (ARRS, Radhanagari) and Rice Research Station, Shindewahi, Dist. Chandrapur (RRS, Shindevahi) and from research stations in Karnataka viz. Agricultural Research Station (Paddy), Sirsi, Dist. Karvar (ARS, Sirsi) and Rice Research Station, Mugad, Dist. Dharwad (RRS, Mugad) ascertain comprehensive collection (Fig 2.1). 6 Collection of rice cultivars Fig 2.1 Maps of Maharashtra and Karnataka indicating localities of collection for non-basmati scented rice cultivars and research stations. Number of non-basmati scented rice cultivars collected at each location is given in brackets. 7 Collection of rice cultivars In addition, Basmati rice types were procured from Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi for comparative analysis. 2.2.1.3 Purchase of cultivar: Seeds of cultivar were purchased from National seed corporation Ltd., New Delhi. The cultivars were classified as scented (non-basmati and basmati) or non-scented type and further categorized as landrace, selection and hybrid. 2.2.2 Maintenance of cultivars: The collected cultivars are conserved Ex- situ. The stocks of cultivars are maintained at -20 °C at University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra. Also, the cultivars are grown at Karjat rice research station field, Raigad, Maharashtra to maintain viability. 2.2.3 Assessment of grain morphology: 88 scented rice cultivars including cultivars from personal collection and representatives from research stations were assessed for grain morphology following the guidelines of IBPGR-IRRI Rice Advisory Committee (1980). Grain morphology in terms of awning, awn colour, lemma and palea characters, pubescence, colour of sterile lemma and apiculus colour were recorded as described in Table 2.1. Table 2.1 Descriptors of rice (O. sativa L.) grain morphology Character Description with code Awning (C1) Absent (0), Short straw coloured (1), Short red coloured (2), Short black coloured (3), Long straw coloured (4), Long red coloured (5), Long black coloured (6) Lemma and palea colour Straw (1), Brown spots on straw (2), Purple spots on (C2) straw (3), Straw with furrows (4), Straw with Golden furrows (5), Straw with Brown furrows (6), Straw with Purple furrows (7), Brown spots on straw with furrows (8), Golden (9), Golden with furrows (10), Golden with brown furrows (11), Red (12), Red with furrows (13), Brown (14), Brown with furrows (15), Black (16), Black with furrows (17) Pubescence on lemma and palea (C3) Absent (0), Present (1) Sterile lemma colour (C4) Straw (1), Gold (2), Red (3), Purple (4) Apiculus colour (C5) Straw (1), Red (2), Purple apex (3), Purple (4), Brown apex (5), Brown (6), Black (7) 8 Collection of rice cultivars 2.3 Results and Discussion 2.3.1 Exploration and collection of rice cultivars: The study resulted in total collection of 124 rice cultivars. Among these 52 were collected personally, 71 were procured from research stations and 1 was purchased. 2.3.1.1 Personal collection: Personal collection consists of 32 non- basmati scented, 1 basmati and 19 non-scented rice cultivars. The details of personal collection are presented as Fig 2.2 and Table 2.2. Fig 2.2 District-wise details of personal collection of rice ( O. sativa L.) cultivars. The numerals over each bar indicate number of cultivars belonging to that category. It was observed that Western Maharashtra particularly Pune district possesses higher number of scented rice cultivars followed by Kolhapur district (Fig 2.2). Besides landraces, Ambemohar-157 a pure line selection of Ambemohar landraces and two hybrid varieties viz. Indrayani and Makarand were also collected. Traditional landraces Basumati (also known as Belgaum basmati), Kali kumud and Kumud were collected from Belgaum district, Karnataka. We, for the first time, report seven landraces - Girga, Kothmirsal, Kala bhat, Chimansal, Jiri, Kalsal and Velchi grown in Maharashtra and Kali kumud from Belgaum, as indigenous to these regions. Ambemohar, Kamod and Chinoor have been traditionally grown in certain pockets of Maharashtra 9 Collection of rice cultivars (Nerkar et al. 2003). We could collect four cultivars of Ambemohar varying in grain morphology and quality traits viz. Ambemohar Ajra, Ambemohar Pandhara, Ambemohar-Tambda, and Ambemohar from Pune and Kolhapur district and three Chinoor types viz. Kate chinoor, Kondhekar chinoor and Parabhani chinoor from Chandrapur district that have not been reported earlier. Only one type of Kamod was observed to be in cultivation. Along with these, we could collect Champakali, Ghansal, Kamavatya, Khadkya, Lal bhat, Lal dodki, Raibhog, Tamsal and Gham landraces grown in Maharashtra. Table 2.2 Details of personal collection of rice ( O. sativa L.) cultivars Type State District Category Cultivar Ahmadnaga Landrace Kala bhat r Kate chinoor, Kondhekar Chandrapur Landrace chinoor, Parabhani chinoor Gudhchiroli Hybrid Makarand Ambemohar Ajra, Champakali, Kolhapur Landrace Ghansal, Girga, Kothmirsal Landrace Chimansal, Kamod Nashik Hybrid Indrayani Non- Maharashtra basmati Ambemohar, Ambemohar scented Pandhara, Ambemohar-Tambda, Landrace Jiri, Kalsal, Kamavatya, Pune Khadkya, Lal bhat, Lal dodki, Raibhog, Tamsal Selection Ambemohar-157 Raigadh Landrace Gham Ratnagiri Landrace Velchi Thane Hybrid Pusa sugandha Karnataka Belgaum Landrace Basumati, Kali kumud, Kumud Basmati Maharashtra Kolhapur Hybrid Basmati Luchai, Mothi luchai, Navedhan, Gudhchiroli Landrace Suvarna wild Ratnagiri
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Traditional Rice Varieties of Tamil Nadu : a Source Book
    TRADITIONAL RICE VARIETIES OF TAMIL NADU - A SOURCE BOOK THE CENTRE FOR INDIAN KNOWLEDGE Since 1995, Centre for Indian Knowledge Namma Nellu is an initiative of Centre for Indian SYSTEMS Systems has been working towards Knowledge Systems to conserve indigenous enhancing livelihood security of small rice varieties in Tamil Nadu. The objectives of (CIKS) and marginal farmers in Tamil Nadu. Namma Nellu initiative are planting and replanting Our programmes in the areas of organic the varieties year after year in two locations for agriculture, biodiversity conservation and conservation purposes, conducting researches has been involved in work relating to various Vrkshayurveda (the ancient Indian plant to understand the characteristics of traditional aspects of Traditional Rice Varieties (TRV) since science) have helped farmers go organic in the formation of the organization in 1995. The varieties, initiating dialogues on the importance a sustainable, effective and profitable way. work started initially with the realization that of Agro biodiversity on society and ecology these varieties were important for sustainable Drawing from and building on indigenous and multiplying seeds to offer for large scale agriculture practices since they provide a range knowledge and practices, we develop production of traditional rice varieties. of seeds which are suited to various ecosystems, farming solutions relevant to the present soil types and in many cases have the resistance day context. Our activities include research, to various pests, diseases, drought and floods. Several individuals, associations, communities, During the last 25 years the work has progressed extension work and promoting farmer educational institutions, families and organisations extensively as well as deeply and it currently producer organizations.
    [Show full text]
  • Degruyter Revac Revac-2021-0137 272..292 ++
    Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 2021; 40: 272–292 Review Article Vinita Ramtekey*, Susmita Cherukuri, Kaushalkumar Gunvantray Modha, Ashutosh Kumar*, Udaya Bhaskar Kethineni, Govind Pal, Arvind Nath Singh, and Sanjay Kumar Extraction, characterization, quantification, and application of volatile aromatic compounds from Asian rice cultivars https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2021-0137 crop and deposits during seed maturation. So far, litera- received December 31, 2020; accepted May 30, 2021 ture has been focused on reporting about aromatic com- Abstract: Rice is the main staple food after wheat for pounds in rice but its extraction, characterization, and fi more than half of the world’s population in Asia. Apart quanti cation using analytical techniques are limited. from carbohydrate source, rice is gaining significant Hence, in the present review, extraction, characterization, - interest in terms of functional foods owing to the presence and application of aromatic compound have been eluci of aromatic compounds that impart health benefits by dated. These VACs can give a new way to food processing fl - lowering glycemic index and rich availability of dietary and beverage industry as bio avor and bioaroma com fibers. The demand for aromatic rice especially basmati pounds that enhance value addition of beverages, food, - rice is expanding in local and global markets as aroma is and fermented products such as gluten free rice breads. considered as the best quality and desirable trait among Furthermore, owing to their nutritional values these VACs fi consumers. There are more than 500 volatile aromatic com- can be used in bioforti cation that ultimately addresses the pounds (VACs) vouched for excellent aroma and flavor in food nutrition security.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Cereal Research Impact of Intellectual Property Rights
    Journal of Cereal Research Research Article 13(1): 49-61 Homepage: http://epubs.icar.org.in/ejournal/index.php/JWR Impact of Intellectual Property Rights protection for plant varieties on rice varietal development and biodiversity in India Paraiveedu Arumugam Lakshmi Prasanna1, Lella Venkata Subba Rao1, Arremsetty Subramanyam Hari Prasad1, Amtul Waris1, Shaik Nagula Meera1, Bandumula Nirmala1, Arun Kumar Swarnaraj1 and Divya Purushothaman Symaladevi2 1ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad-500030 2ICAR- Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR), Kozhikode, 673012 Article history: Abstract Received: 4 Nov., 2020 Revised: 12 March, 2021 Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) protection for crop varieties have Accepted: 21 April, 2021 implications on both research and food security, as development of new varieties depends on access to existing varieties/biological material or access to their genetic information. In this situation, India under its obligation under Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Citation: Property Rights (TRIPS), opted for a “sui generis” system and enacted Prasanna PAL, LVS Rao, ASH Prasad, “Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Act” (PPV&FRA) in A Waris, SN Meera, B Nirmala, AK Swarnaraj and DP Symaladevi. 2021. 2001. Through some specific provisions in this act, a balance between Impact of Intellectual property rights incentive to innovate (through limited period exclusive rights) and protection for plant varieties on rice varietal access to protected varieties during protection period for furthering development and biodiversity in India. innovations is attempted. India enacted another IPR act following sui- Journal of Cereal Research 13(1): 49-61. http:// doi.org/10.25174/2582-2675/2021/106446 generis system viz., Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act-1999 (GI act).
    [Show full text]
  • A Study on Problems Faced by Paddy Cultivators in Salem District
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 03, MARCH 2020 ISSN 2277-8616 A Study On Problems Faced By Paddy Cultivators In Salem District Dr.M.Suguna, M.Jayanthi Abstract— Agriculture sector plays a vital role in Indian economy and it is the back bone of our country. India is endowed with land and water resources with conductive agro-climatic advantages for cultivation of paddy. Paddy is mainly grown in rain fed areas which receives heavy annual rainfall; it is primarily a kharif crop in India. Paddy is the important food crop in India; importance of paddy in agricultural crops cannot be ignored as it is the staple food for more than fifty percentage of population in the world. This study examines to identify the factors influencing paddy cultivation, to determine cultivating problems and marketing problems of paddy in the district of Salem in Tamil Nadu. Pre-scheduled interview questionnaire is prepared and circulated among the 84 respondents using convenient sampling. The results were obtained by application of statistical tools like percentage analysis and one sample t-test. Keywords—Agricultural sector, Cultivation problems, Indian economy, Marketing problems, Paddy production. ———————————————————— 1 INTRODUCTION Thalaivasal and Attur are the major concentration of paddy The Agricultural sector in India still contributes to the overall and high paddy concentrations of paddy and high paddy Attur, growth of the economy and provides livelihood and food Thalaivasal and Sankagiri. Many agricultural products security to a majority of the population. Monitoring the rice produced from Salem, a wide spread marketing throughout the market is a critical task considering more than half of the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline in Foods, with an Emphasis on Rice Flavour
    Evaluation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in foods, with an emphasis on rice flavour Article Accepted Version Creative Commons: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 Wei, X., Handoko, D. D., Pather, L., Methven, L. and Elmore, J. S. (2017) Evaluation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in foods, with an emphasis on rice flavour. Food Chemistry, 232. pp. 531-544. ISSN 0308-8146 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.005 Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/69971/ It is advisable to refer to the publisher’s version if you intend to cite from the work. See Guidance on citing . To link to this article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.005 Publisher: Elsevier All outputs in CentAUR are protected by Intellectual Property Rights law, including copyright law. Copyright and IPR is retained by the creators or other copyright holders. Terms and conditions for use of this material are defined in the End User Agreement . www.reading.ac.uk/centaur CentAUR Central Archive at the University of Reading Reading’s research outputs online 1 Evaluation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in foods, with an emphasis on rice 2 flavour 3 Xuan Weia, Dody D. Handokob, Leela Pathera, Lisa Methvena, J. Stephen Elmorea* 4 a Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, 5 Reading RG6 6AP, UK 6 b Indonesian Centre for Rice Research, Cikampek, Subang 41256, West Java, Indonesia 7 8 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 118 3787455; fax: +44 118 3787708. 9 E-mail address: [email protected] (J.S.
    [Show full text]
  • ARE GI TAGS the BOOST THAT INDIGENOUS RICE NEEDS? Relevant For: Indian Economy | Topic: Issues Relating to Intellectual Property Rights (Iprs)
    Source : www.livemint.com Date : 2020-08-16 ARE GI TAGS THE BOOST THAT INDIGENOUS RICE NEEDS? Relevant for: Indian Economy | Topic: Issues relating to Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) While a GI tag brings recognition to rice varieties on the verge of extinction, much more is needed to truly make a difference to the lives of paddy farmers The range of products with Geographical Indication (GI) tags in India is rich and diverse—from Darjeeling tea, Karbi Anglong ginger, Coorg orange and Mysore betel nut to Allahabad Surkha Guava and Monsooned Malabar Arabica Coffee. But the one crop that comes up repeatedly is rice, with nearly 16-17 varieties on the list. Rice is represented, for instance, in the form of Navara, Palakkadan Matta and Pokkali from Kerala, Uttar Pradesh’s Kalanamak, Maharashtra’s Ajara Ghansal and Ambemohar, Assam’s Joha saul and West Bengal’s Gobindobhog and Tulaipanji. In April, Chak-Hao rice became the latest addition to the list of 370 products certified by the Union government’s GI registry, established in 2003. This fragrant, glutinous rice, pitch black in colour, has been an integral part of ceremonial feasts in Manipur for centuries., and is either eaten plain or combined with milk to make a pudding. It is also a great source of anthocyanins, a powerful antioxidant. While the news of more and more rice varieties getting GI tags is heartening, one wonders if this is actually the shot in the arm that indigenous paddy needs. Some argue that the GI tag, though celebrated, has outlived its utility.
    [Show full text]
  • Product List 2021.Xlsx
    Acme International, Inc., Phone: +1 770 619 2263 3265 Saturn Court, +1 678-619-1810 Peachtree Corners, GA 30092 Fax: +1 678-867-2263 SONA MASOORI RICE KITCHEN KING BASMATI REAL: SONA MASOORI (2 X 20 LBS) KITCHEN KING: BASMATI RICE (2 X 20 LBS) CHOICE: SONA MASOORI (2 X 20 LBS) NA KITCHEN KING: BASMATI RICE (4 X 10 LBS) NA DECCAN: DELIGHT SONA MASOORI (2 X 20 LBS) KITCHEN KING: BASMATI RICE (20 X 2 LBS) NA DECCAN: ORGANIC SONA MASOORI (2 X 20 LBS) KITCHEN KING: BROWN BASMATI (4 X 10 LBS) DECCAN: SONA MASOORI (2 X 20 LBS) KITCHEN KING: DIABETIC BASMATI RICE (4 X 10 LBS) SRI LALITHA: CRYSTAL SONA MASOORI (2 X 20 LBS) KITCHEN KING: GOLDEN PARBOILED BASMATI (4 X 10 LBS) KITCHEN KING: SONA MASOORI (2 X 20 LBS) KITCHEN KING: ORGANIC BROWN BASMATI ( 20 X 2 LBS) NA KITCHEN KING: CRYSTAL SONA MASOORI (2 X 20 LBS) NA KITCHEN KING: SUPER XL PARBOILED SELLA (2 X 20 LBS) DECCAN: SONA MASOORI (4 X 10 LBS) KITCHEN KING: SUPER XL PARBOILED SELLA (4 X 10 LBS) DECCAN: LOW G.I SONA MASOORI (DIABETIC) (2 X 20LBS) KITCHEN KING: XL BASMATI RICE (4 X 10 LBS) NA DECCAN: LOW G.I SONA MASOORI (DIABETIC) (4 X 10LBS) KITCHEN KING: XL BASMATI RICE 40 LBS DECCAN: BROWN SONA MASOORI (4 X 10 LBS) REGAL: BASMATI RICE IN JUTE BAG (2 X 20 LBS) NA DECCAN: BROWN SONA MASOORI (2 X 20 LBS) REGAL: SUPER BASMATI RICE (2 X 20 LBS) ALISHAN BASMATI PONNI RAW / PARBOILED / IDLY RICE ALISHAN: DELIGHT BASMATI RICE(2 X 20 LBS) DECCAN: AMBEMOHAR (4 X 10 LBS) ALISHAN: DELIGHT BASMATI RICE(4 X 10 LBS) DECCAN: GOBIND BHOG RICE (4 X 10 LBS) ALISHAN: SUPERBA BASMATI RICE(4 X 10 LBS) DECCAN:
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Diversity of Indian Aromatic Rice Germplasm Collections
    Prasad et al. CABI Agric Biosci (2020) 1:13 https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-020-00013-8 CABI Agriculture and Bioscience RESEARCH Open Access Assessment of diversity of Indian aromatic rice germplasm collections for morphological, agronomical, quality traits and molecular characters to identify a core set for crop improvement G. S. V. Prasad, G. Padmavathi, K. Suneetha, M. S. Madhav and K. Muralidharan* Abstract Background: Besides the Basmati, the aromatic rice germplasm (ARG) accessions are treasured for quality, medici- nal value and aroma. The demand for aromatic rice is ever increasing. Genetic diversity is the source of variability to identify superior alleles controlling morphological, agronomic and quality traits, and molecular attributes. This study reports on the characterization of traits in ARG to identify a core set for breeding high-yielding varieties. Methods: The genetic diversity was measured on the distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) of 46 traits in 208 Indian ARG in feld, greenhouse and laboratory tests. We performed individual and combined analysis of DUS traits and molecular data generated using 55 SSR markers. The genetic distances between genotypes were estimated using Mahalanobis D2 analysis and clustering by standardized Euclidean2 distances, Ward Minimum variance, Gowers’ similarity index and PowerMarker. The aim was to derive a core set of non-Basmati ARG using PowerCore to deploy in crop improvement. Results: Eighty-two alleles were detected. Alleles per marker ranged from 2 (RM505) to 5 (RM276) with an average of 3.04 alleles. The markers are informative in analyzing the diversity as the PIC values estimated varied from 0.17 (RM577 on chromosome 1) to 0.72 (RM276 on chromosome 6) with an average of 0.54 per locus.
    [Show full text]
  • Marketing Strategy for Telangana Sona Rice
    MARKETING STRATEGY FOR TELANGANA SONA RICE A project executed by ISB, in association with PJTSAU and Government of Telangana November 2020 pg. 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................... 2 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................... 4 EXPLORATORY AND SECONDARY RESEARCH ................................................................................................... 9 PRIMARY RESEARCH – INTERVIEWS .............................................................................................................. 14 PRIMARY RESEARCH FINDINGS – INTERVIEWS.............................................................................................. 16 PRIMARY RESEARCH – SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE .......................................................................................... 20 PRIMARY RESEARCH FINDINGS – SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE ......................................................................... 21 MARKETING PLAN RECOMMENDATION........................................................................................................ 27 CONCLUDING REMARKS................................................................................................................................ 36 APPENDIX .....................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Agromorphological Characters of Aromatic Rice Germplasm
    1 Plant Archives Vol. 20, Supplement 2, 2020 pp. 1262-1269 e-ISSN:2581-6063 (online), ISSN:0972-5210 AGROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF AROMATIC RICE GERMPLASM Sathish Kumar P. α, Sanjeeva Rao D. α, Praveen Kumar R. α, M.S.R.S.C. Sekhar α, L.V. Subba Rao α, A. Krishna Satya β, P. Sudhakar β and M.S. Madhav α* *Corresponding Author: Dr. MS Madhav α ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India β Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Andhra Pradesh, India Abstract Rice feeds more than half of the global population inhabiting the earth. Since time immemorial, human beings are consuming rice as one of the staple food and it lead to the propagation and maintenance of huge germplasm in thousands based on their preferred grain quality. Of these, aromatic rice is unique for its pleasant aroma, is popular among rice consumers and provides attractive economic benefit to farmers. Crop improvement programmes have been conducting dedicated efforts to further improve the aroma and yield. Hence, this study aimed to record the DUS characters of aromatic rice germplasm, 552 accessions. The germplasm was cultivated under the same conditions at the research farm of ICAR-IIRR, Hyderabad, during wet season 2013. Wide diversity was observed among the germplasm for most of the DUS characters. Keywords : Aromatic rice, Germplasm, Crop improvement, DUS characters. Introduction well as in several other countries (Bhatti 1998; Chaudhary et Rice is a traditional staple food in many countries of the al . 2006; Itani 1993; Juma 1989). world, importantly in Asian countries, therefore rice Aromatic rice accessions in general are tall with thin consumption is determined by the population needs in food.
    [Show full text]
  • Determination of Some Minerals and β-Carotene Contents in Aromatic
    Food Chemistry 191 (2016) 2–6 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Food Chemistry journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foodchem Determination of some minerals and b-carotene contents in aromatic indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm ⇑ N. Renuka, Sarika V. Mathure, Rahul L. Zanan, Ratnakar J. Thengane, Altafhusain B. Nadaf Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India article info abstract Article history: 39 aromatic indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars were characterized for Iron, Zinc, Calcium, Magnesium, Received 4 December 2014 Copper and b-carotene contents. The b-carotene contents were ranging from 1.23 to 9.9 lg/g in brown Received in revised form 2 May 2015 and 0.08 to 1.99 lg/g in milled rice. Among the mineral contents, Magnesium was found ranging from Accepted 11 May 2015 855 lg/g (Gham) to maximum of 1636 lg/g (Badshahbhog) followed by Iron in 32 lg/g (Jirga) to Available online 19 May 2015 218 lg/g (Kalsal), Copper content from 2 lg/g (Girga) to 1004 lg/g (Gham), Zinc content from 25 (Gham) to 165 lg/g (Ambemohar-157) and Calcium ranged from 14 lg/g (Ambemohar pandhara) to Keywords: 67 lg/g (Kate chinoor). The study showed that the germplasm assessed is a good source of micronutrients b-Carotene and can be further exploited in breeding programme. Minerals Aromatic rice landraces Ó 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Oryza sativa L. spp. indica 1. Introduction conventional or genetic engineering to accumulate micronutrients in edible portion (Stein, 2010). Choice of potential food fortification Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food of over half the world’s vehicles depends on food commonly consumed by the target population.
    [Show full text]
  • On Partially Composted Agricultural Wastes In
    VARIATIONS IN COMPOSITION OF VOLATILE FLAVOR COMPOUNDS AND SELECTED AGRONOMIC TRAITS OF NERICA RICE VARIETIES GROWN UNDER DIFFERENT NITROGEN RATES AT DIFFERENT AGROECOLOGICAL ZONES IN LAKE VICTORIA BASIN BETHER A. ODHIAMBO A thesis submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, Maseno University in partial Fulfillment of requirements for the award of a Master of Science Degree in Chemistry. MASENO UNIVERSITY ©2017 DECLARATIONS Student I declare that this work has not been previously submitted for a degree at Maseno University or any other university. The work reported herein was carried out by me and all sources of information have been acknowledged. Bether A. Odhiambo PG/MSc/00012/2012 Sign…………………………………………………Date…………………………….. Supervisors This thesis has been submitted for examination with our approval as the supervisors. 1. Prof. P. Okinda Owuor Department of Chemistry Maseno University Sign………………………………. Date…………………………. 2. Prof John C. Onyango Department of Botany Maseno University Sign……………………………… Date……………………………. 3. Dr. Julius O. Okora Department of Agricultural Biosystems and Economics University of Kabianga Sign………………………………. Date…………………………… ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT All glory and honor returns to the Almighty God for granting me His grace, wisdom and knowledge to carry out this work to completion. My sincere appreciation goes to my supervisors Prof P. Okinda Owuor, Prof John C. Onyango and Dr. Julius O. Okora for their insightful direction, words of encouragement and availability during the times I needed their advice. From them, I obtained astute mentorship right from the conception of this work, its development and the final output in form of a thesis write-up. I greatly appreciate the efforts of Dr. Xavier Cheseto of ICIPE-NAIROBI for his unfailing support during the GC-MS analysis of the rice volatile organic compounds.
    [Show full text]