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Insecta: Odonata: Anisoptera) from the West Bank (Palestine

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Insecta: Odonata: Anisoptera) from the West Bank (Palestine Volume 10, Number 3,September 2017 ISSN 1995-6673 JJBS Pages 151 - 157 Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences On some Records of Dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata: Anisoptera) from the West Bank (Palestine) Shadi H. Adawi1,2, Khalid R. Qasem¹, Mubarak M. Zawahra³ and Elias N. Handal2,* 1Salfit Primary Health Care Center, Ministry of Health; 2Palestine Museum of Natural History, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, 3Environmental Quality Authority, Palestine Received January 29, 2017 Revised May 9, 2017 Accepted May 29, 2017 Abstract Three families with thirteen species were collected/observed from 35 localities representing various habitats and water bodies in the West Bank (State of Palestine) over the past four years. These are Brachythemis impartita, Crocothemis erythraea, Orthetrum brunneum, O. chrysostigma, O. teniolatum, Sympetrum fonscolombii S. meridionale, Trithemis annulata, T. arteriosa, Paragomphus genei, Anax imperator, A. pathenope, and A. ephippiger. There may have been a decline in dragonfly diversity in the area due to human population growth accompanied by habitat destruction especially around springs. Keywords: Dragonflies, Odonata, Anisoptera, West Bank, Palestine, Indicator species. occupied Palestinian territories, especially since habitat 1. Introduction destruction is accelerating and affecting many species. This communication documents the collected dragonflies About 5700 species of Odonata were described of the families Libellulidae, Gomphidae, and Aeshnidae at worldwide with most of them being tropical (Ellenrieder, the recently established Palestine Museum of Natural 2004). Odonata are classified into three suborders: History (PMNH) (Qumsiyeh et al., 2017). Anisoptera (true dragonflies), Zygoptera (damselflies) and Anisozygoptera (a very small suborder considered 2. Materials and Methods intermediate between damselflies and dragonflies). Anisoptera has ten families with Libellulidae being the The occupied Palestinian territory of the West Bank is largest with 140 genera and over 962 described species located in central Palestine and characterized by geological (Tennessen, 2003). The dragonfly fauna of Palestine were and environmental diversity and, thus, includes four studied over the past decades (Morton, 1924; Schmidt, biogeographic regions: Mediterranean (including coastal 1939; De Marmel, 1995; Schneider 1986; Dumont 1991). and semi-coastal regions), Irano-Turanian, Saharo- Dumont (1991) gave a comprehensive account of the Arabian, and Ethiopian/Sudanese. Significant biodiversity dragonflies of the Levant, with localities from historic is thus noted in a small area of a few thousand square Palestine. Family Libellulidae is the largest family with 35 kilometers. species in historic Palestine, 10 species detected in the Specimens were collected from 35 localities West Bank (Boudot et al., 2009). Dragonflies are representing the diverse habitats and biogeographic susceptible to climate change, use of insecticides, and regions within the Occupied Palestinian Territory by the habitat modification, with several species at risk and are PMNH team during field trips from April 2012 until listed in the IUCN Red List as endangered or threatened September 2016 (Table 1). Dragonflies were collected by (Schneider, 1982, 2004). means of insect nets, and deposited at PMNH collection. Qumsiyeh et al. (2014) and Salman et al. (2014) Identification was based on previous literature (Schneider pointed out the urgent need to study the biodiversity in the 1986; Dumont, 1991; Dijkstra, 2006). * Corresponding author. e-mail: [email protected]. 152 © 2017 Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences. All rights reserved - Volume 10, Number 3 Table 1. List of visited localities and their coordinates Locality N E Locality N E Ain Al Hilweh 32° 21' 38.4726" 35° 32' 8.2386" Jiftlik 32° 8' 33.2442" 35° 29' 47.3382" Ain Al Sakout 32° 21' 55.3572" 35° 32' 50.1822" Kafer al- Deek 32° 3' 41.1552" 35° 5' 16.2342" Ain Al Shamsat 32° 22' 47.0922" 35° 30' 40.4058" Kifl Haris 32° 7' 23.9268" 35° 8' 52.065" Ain Al Sultan 31° 52' 45.3216" 35° 26' 50.0532" Nahaleen 31° 41' 18.693" 35° 7' 0.9834" Ain Fasayil 32° 1' 28.0842" 35° 26' 38.2338" Naqura- Nablus 32° 15' 58.4706" 35° 11' 59.4666" Ain Hijla 31° 49' 29.4312" 35° 30' 38.0124" Nawama 31° 53' 27.6072" 35° 25' 59.9196" Ain Qinia 31° 55' 34.683" 35° 8' 59.0166" Qarawat Bani Hassan 32° 8' 48.4182" 35° 3' 20.0556" Ain Samiya 31° 59' 19.6614" 35° 20' 2.8818" Qbatia 32° 24' 8.2836" 35° 18' 3.1494" Ain Yabroud 31° 57' 5.2842" 35° 15' 6.0984" Salfit 32° 4' 57.7416" 35° 8' 49.9776" Al Makhrour 31° 43' 8.0538" 35° 9' 32.5398" Wadi Al Badan 32° 15' 22.2006" 35° 19' 16.9212" Al Walaja 31° 43' 49.8432" 35° 9' 14.619" Wadi Al Hakeem 32° 0' 59.6262" 35° 5' 7.5834" Artas 31° 41' 17.7504" 35° 11' 9.873" Wadi Al Muqatta' 32° 29' 51.9462" 35° 16' 14.3832" Bardala 32° 23' 29.9328" 35° 28' 58.5192" Wadi Al Qelt 31° 51' 3.8952" 35° 25' 53.817" Bethlehem 31° 43' 3.6258" 35° 12' 20.4006" Wadi- Al Zarqa 32° 3' 37.4688" 35° 5' 7.2744" Deir Istiya 32° 7' 32.5122" 35° 8' 45.7296" Wadi Fukeen 31° 42' 24.714" 35° 6' 13.3986" Ednha 31° 33' 42.588" 34° 59' 12.6312" Wadi Qana 32° 9' 30.5382" 35° 6' 41.8242" Husan 31° 42' 41.6232" 35° 7' 39.9144" Za'tara 31° 40' 6.9096" 35° 14' 53.5848" Iskaka 32° 6' 16.038" 35° 13' 23.127" 10074, ♂, 3.8.2015; PMNH-E-10090, ♂, 3.8.2015). Ain 3. Results Samia (PMNH-E-10075, ♀, 26.8.2015). Ain Yabroud (PMNH-E-10220, ♀, 5.10.2016; PMNH-E-10221, ♀, Thirteen species belonging to seven genera (Orthetrum, 5.10.2016). Artas (PMNH-E-10070, ♂, 18.7.2015; Trithemis, Crocothemis, Sympetrum, Brachythemis, PMNH-E-10077, ♂, 13.8.2014). Deir Istia (PMNH-E- Paragomphus, and Anax) in three families (Libellulidae, 10158, ♂, 4.6.2016; PMNH-E-10159, ♂, 4.6.2016). Wadi Gomphidae and Aeshnidae) were recorded during the Qana (PMNH-E-10185, ♂, 21.7.2016; PMNH-E-10188, present study. We did not study the damselflies and ♂, 4.6.2016; PMNH-E-10189, ♂, 4.6.2016; PMNH-E- focused on the dragonflies. 10202, ♂, 21.7.2016). Nawama (PMNH-E-10048, ♂, 3.1. Family Libellulidae 24.4.2015). Qarawa (PMNH-E-10167, ♂, 29.6.2016; PMNH-E-10177, ♂, 14.7.2016). Salfit (PMNH-E-10168, 3.1.1. Brachythemis impartita (Karsch, 1890) ♂, 19.6.2016). Wadi Al Muqatta' (PMNH-E-10095, ♂, Fig.1A 8.4.2016). Wadi Fukeen (PMNH-E-10050, ♂, 6.6.2015; Material examined (2♂♂): Ain Al Sakout (PMNH-E- PMNH-E-10064, ♂, 29.7.2015; PMNH-E-10072, ♂, 10255, ♂, 21.9.2016) Ain Al Sakout. (PMNH-E-10254, ♂, 7.3.2016; PMNH-E-10082, ♂, 27.5.2015). 3.8.2015). Remarks Remarks We collected specimens from 14 different locations Specimens were collected from a single habitat in the throughout the West Bank, including springs and irrigation Jordan Valley. In this site, it was associated with O. canals. It was associated with O. chrysostigma, T. chrysostigma, T. arteriosa, T. annulata and S. arteriosa, T. annulata, S. meridionale and S. fonscolombii. fonscolombii. The taxonomic status of this species was It has a pan-African and Mediterranean distribution revised by Dijkstra, and Matushkina (2009). Brachythemis reaching Iraq (Schmidt, 1939; Dumont, 1991; Schneider, impartita is distributed from north and south of the Sahara, 2013; Kalkman, 2003; Katbeh-Bader et al., 2004; Dia et extending to Eurasia eastwards, while B. leucosticta is al., 2011 and Amr et al., 2013). wide spread across most of tropical Africa and Madagascar 3.1.3. Orthetrum brunneum (Fonscolombe, 1837) (Dijkstra and Matushkina, 2009). All previous records of Fig.1 C this species in the Levant should be assigned to B. Material examined (2♂♂): Ain Al Hilweh (PMNH-E- impartita. 10259, ♂, 21.9.2016). Ain Yabroud (PMNH-E-10213, ♂, 3.1.2. Crocothemis erythraea (Brullé, 1832) 5.10.2016). Fig.1 B Remarks Material examined (25♂♂, 5♀♀): Ain Al Sultan Specimens were collected from two locations. It is a (PMNH-E-10256, ♀, 29.8.2016). Ain Al Zarqa (PMNH-E- widespread species in central and southern Europe, North 10257, ♂, 19.9.2016; PMNH-E-10258, ♂, 19.9.2016). Ain Africa and the Levant (Dumont, 1991; Boudot et al., 2009; Fasayel (PMNH-E-10081, ♀, 4.1.2015). Ain Qinia Schneider, 2013; Amr et al., 2013). It was found along (PMNH-E-10049, ♂, 1.8.2014; PMNH-E-10063, ♂, with O. chrysostigma and C. erythraea. 15.8.2014; PMNH-E-10065, ♂, 3.8.2015; PMNH-E- © 2017 Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences. All rights reserved - Volume 10, Number 3 153 3.1.4. Orthetrum chrysostigma (Burmeister, 1839) 10195, ♂, 4.6.2016). Wadi Al Qelt (PMNH-E-10079, ♀, Fig.1 D 4.4.2015). Material examined (63♂♂,1♀): Ain Al Hilweh Remarks (PMNH-E-10262, ♂, 21.9.2016; PMNH-E-10263, ♂, This species collected from different habitats in West 21.9.2016). Ain Al Shamsat (PMNH-E-10264, ♂, Bank, including arid and humid areas. It was reported from 21.9.2016; PMNH-E-10265, ♂, 21.9.2016). Ain Al Sultan the Greek Islands, Cyprus, Turkey, Jordan, Lebanon, (PMNH-E-10260, ♂, 29.8.2016; PMNH-E-10261, ♂, Syria, Sinai, and Iraq (Dumont, 1991; Kalkman, 2003; 29.8.2016). Ain Hijla (PMNH-E-10046, ♂, 18.4.2014). Katbeh-Bader et al., 2004; Amr et al., 2013; Dia et al., Ain Qinia (PMNH-E-10030, ♂, 3.8.2015; PMNH-E- 2011; Schneider, 2013). It was collected from four 10034, ♂, 15.8.2014; PMNH-E-10039, ♂, 20.5.2015; different sites, along with 1-4 other species. PMNH-E-10040, ♂, 1.8.2014; PMNH-E-10041, ♂, 3.1.6. Sympetrum fonscolombii (Selys, 1840) 15.8.2014; PMNH-E-10045, ♂, 15.8.2014; PMNH-E- 10054, ♂, 20.5.2015; PMNH-E-10061, ♂, 3.8.2015).
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