Cisco Ultra Platform Evolution to 5G

BRKSPM-2578

Laurentiu Spiridon, Consulting System Engineer Cisco Spark

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cs.co/ciscolivebot#BRKSPM-2578

• “5G” Defined

• 5G Market Status

• Cisco Ultra solution and its evolution

• 5G Ready Technologies and 5G Non-Standalone Core

• Next Generation 5G Mobile Core Agenda

• “5G” Defined

• 5G Market Status

• Cisco Ultra solution and its evolution

• 5G Ready Technologies and 5G Non-Standalone Core

• Next Generation 5G Mobile Core The Next Mobile Generation

2020s

2010s 5G Digitization 2000s 4G 1990s 1980s 3G • LTE/LTE-A, 2G Broadband data 1G • WCDMA, & video • Digital CDMA2000 • Analog • GSM, IS-95, IS-136 • Voice & data • AMPS • Voice capacity • Voice

5G Digitization

Ultra Reliability Broadband access Higher Massive (Wherever + Whenever) AR/VR everywhere user mobility Internet of Things

Ultra Capacity and Coverage 1G

UHD Video Average 1 Gbps per High Speed Train Sensor Networks Ultra High-Speed device (up to 20 Gbps to cell site) Extreme real-time Ultra-reliable communications Lifeline communications communications Broadcast-like services Ultra Low Latency (1 ms End-to-End) + Massive Device Connectivity Tactile Internet Natural Disaster E-Health Services Broadcast Services

• Key capabilities :

Various spectrum bands Millimeter waves (mmWaves), Massive MIMO Optimized OFDM waveform Scalable numerology RAN considerations

BRKSPM-2578 © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10 Next Gen Mobile Core Capabilities • Key capabilities : • Virtualization (*) • Stateless VNF • Control/User Plane Separation (*) • Mobile Edge Computing (*) • IoT Capabilities (*) • Network Slicing • Service Based Architecture • Access agnostic inc. 3GPP & non- 3GPP RAN and FMC • API Exposure • Cloud scale Network • Automation and Orchestration *

• The marked (*) are in scope for LTE Advanced and 5G core

Policy

Network Slice Sub Selection DB MBB Core Function Network

Slice Streaming Selection Camera CN

IoT Core Network

Virtualization CPU

Increased threat vectors due to weak IoT / Massive Machine Type Communications inbuilt security in IoT devices, attacks using encrypted traffic

Increased complexity in mitigating side Virtualized mobile network functions, services channel attacks, Internal I/Fs exposed and applications to attacks, LI

Increased threat vectors due to Ultra Low Latency application use cases Distributed Data Center, Multi Access Edge Networks, NW Slicing

Co-existence of 5G and Legacy Network Multiple technologies, higher traffic to manage

Adhering to Regulatory requirements (GDPR, DLP,….)

BRKSPM-2578 © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13 3GPP Standards Timelines for 5G 2017 2018 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 NR anchored on 5G Core 5GC 5GC Phase 2 NR anchored on EPC EPC

5G Radio Groups Option 3 Option 2 Option 4, 5 and 7 ASN.1 ASN.1

EPC EPC N26 5GC S1-U N2 N3 S1-MME

X2 NR f2 NR f2

LTE f1 LTE f1

NR anchored on EPC NR anchored on 5G core network NR Non-Standalone (NSA) NR Standalone (SA)

• 2 Radio technologies • LTE and eLTE • 5G NR • 2 Core Networks • LTE • 5G NG Core • Dual Connectivity • LTE developed functionality using Master eNB and Secondary eNB setup • Allows fast adoption of 5G and performance robustness.

EPC EPC N2 N3

NR f2 eLTE f1

LTE f1 LTE

Option 3 Option 7 Option 4

5GC 5GC EPC EPC S1-U S1-MME NR f2 X2 NR f2 NR f2

LTE f1 LTE eLTE f1 f1

Innovators Early Adopters Early Majority Late Majority Laggards

We are here!

2017- 2020 2020 - 2022 2025+

• “5G” Defined

• 5G Market Status

• Cisco Ultra solution and its evolution

• 5G Ready Technologies and 5G Non-Standalone Core

• Next Generation 5G Mobile Core 5G – Global Market Trials

Verizon tests multi-vendor 5G with Cisco, Samsung • https://newsroom.cisco.com/press-release-content?articleId=1844370&type=webcontent

Planned 5G spectrum auctions/ allocations

• “5G” Defined

• 5G Market Status

• Cisco Ultra solution and its evolution

• 5G Ready Technologies and 5G Non-Standalone Core

• Next Generation 5G Mobile Core Cisco Mobile Core Evolution

Ultra Services Platform VNF-EM

SCM SLAM LCM

Control Plane

CF CF

Centralized Management Ultra Services PlVaNtFf-oEMrm SCM SLAM LCM

Control Plane User Plane UPP UPP Control Plane / Forwarding Plane CF CF User Plane

Session Plane Session UPP UPP Plane SF SF Forwarding Remote User Plane Plane

Forwarding Plane

NF AF

User Plane

UPP UPP

Native HW Ultra Ultra CUPS Micro Services / Cloud Native Container • Hardware based • Virtualized EPC • Scale bandwidth Platform • Fully Programmable • VNF Automation • High session thruput • 5G-Ready • Scalable and • 5G Any Use Case • Distributed IP anchor • Multi Access reliable • Low latency

VNF Element Manager, VNFM Proxy, NFV-O Service Manager, Monitoring (e.g. Cisco NSO) Ultra Policy Ultra Gateway Ultra Services Platform Platform Framework

• Carrier-grade policy, • Cloud-ready VNF, fully • Pluggable framework for in- charging, and subscriber featured packet core line, subscriber-aware, VNFM data management solution enhanced services • Multiple functions (EPC, (e.g. Cisco ESC) • Rapid service creation ePDG, SaMOG) • Integrated as separately environment • CUPS - Separated control upgradeable software • Monetization opportunities and user-planes packages for 3G, 4G, 5G and IMS • Remotely deployable user • Native life-cycle service architectures plane for ultimate elasticity management and and scalability automated configuration VIM Openstack / NFVI (DC infrastructure) Vmware

• Proven platform - serving 1.5B subscribers; deployed many of Tier 1s, total 350

• Creating with the goal of supporting multiple services in the same load

• High performance, scalable up and down

PGW/ MME/ Small ePDG/ InLine SGW SAEGW CSGN GGSN SGSN Cell GW SaMOG services

Charging/Reporting Overload Protection Resiliency Cisco StarOS Infrastructure Platform

• Proven platform - deployed in many tier 1 service providers

• High performance, scalable up and down

• Highly available and extensible

3GPP SP Wireline PCRF/ DRA ANDSF eSCEF

OCS Wi-Fi Policy

Server

Subscriber Subscriber

Entitlement Entitlement Intelligence

Personalization Rules Session Persistence Database Cisco Policy Platform

Cisco IoT Connectivity Management Smart lighting

2G/3G/LTE Billing Policy IoT Application Authentication Orchestration (HSS) Connected Cars Cisco Ultra IoT Core APIs IoT Application NB-IoT CSGN eSCEF /PGW IoT Application Waste mgmt NFV/SDN

• Multi-access core with unified policy, charging and service layer for different types of devices • Interface with IoT applications via standardised/open Restful APIs based on ETSI framewok • Core network support all 3GPP wireless IOT connectivity (NB-IoT, LTE-M and 2G/3G/LTE) • Includes 3GPP compliant SCEF and SCE capabilities

Session Function Session Function Demux Tasks x2 Session Function IP address Session Tasks Redundant tasks Control Function Management State replication Platform management tasks CF CF SF SF SF SF

StarOS StarOS VM VM StarOS StarOS StarOS StarOS VM VM VM VM HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor

VM VM VM VM VM VM

Standby tasks

CF CF SF SF SF SF UP UP

StarOS StarOS VM VM StarOS StarOS StarOS StarOS StarOS StarOS VM VM VM VM VM VM HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor

VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM

Standby tasks

APN cisco.com Subscriber ip address is CF CF SF SF SF SF ip pool group cisco.com allocated in round robin Standby Standby ip pool1 – UP1 through ip pool group in ip pool2 – UP2 order to balance traffic ip pool3 – UP3 between UP

Sx Interface

UP1 VM IP pool SGi Interface UP packet goes advertisement straight to allocated via BGP UP VM UP2 VM (no ECMP)

UP3 VM S1U address advertisement S1u Interface via BGP UPn VM (no ECMP) Standby

UE Traffic CF CF SF SF SF SF Standby Standby BGP AS

Sx ip Sx UP1 Phy S1 ip UP1 VM UP1 Phy Sgi ip S1u UP1 loopback SGi UP1 IP Pool

Internet UE

BR Phy SGi BR Phy S1 eNodeB S1u Sx ip UPn VM Standby UPn Phy S1 ip UPn Phy Sgi ip

PCRF Apps not supporting Gx L2 based NSH forwarding Cisco USP Instance SAEGW-C RAN+EPC NSH-Proxy

rd 3rd3PartyParty App App 3rd Party App

S1-U Sx-ab Traffic Classifier SGi SAEGW-U Internet

GTP Packet GTP on S1-U IP

TCP IP IP IP

NSH Marked NSH TCP TCP HTTP SGi packets App Packet by processed IP HTTP SAEGW HTTP SGi Packet (Pkt metadata TCP included in NSH Header) HTTP BRKSPM-2578 © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 31 3GPP FMSS compliant

Gx Interface (contains steering policies) • 3GPP FMSS (TS 23.718) compliant solution.

• Gx based Traffic steering policy control. (S)Gi Interface • PCEF (S)Gi-LAN systems* NSH based service chaining (RFC 7665) compliant. (supporting ADC) IP packets with steering information

* Contains service functions and Uplink Traffic Downlink Traffic infrastructure to route traffic between to Internet from Internet them

BRKSPM-2578 © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 32 Cisco Ultra MANO Compliant OSS/BSS • Fully featured mobile core NFVO VNF Ultra Web GUI • Integrates with MANO stack through standard interfaces VNFM Ultra-EM (ESC) • Automation tools to simplify the NFVI resources and VNF UGP instantiation

• Leveraging Cisco Virtualization contributions into Industry Standard and Open-source Staging Compute Network Storage VIM based technologies including Server IETF, ETSI NFV, OPNFV

OSS/BSS NFVO • Ultra Element Manager Ultra Web • Automation Services GUI • Configuration Management Ultra-EM VNFM • VNFM Lifecycle UGP • SDN Integration

• NFVI/VIM Support Virtualization • WebScale-IT Automation Staging Compute Network Storage VIM Server

BRKSPM-2578 © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 34 Cisco Ultra Platform Element Manager • Management plane of the USP VNF OSS / BSS NFV-O • Heartbeats & Monitors liveliness of all VNF-Cs within USP VNF USP Element Manager • Provides Day-0 & Day-N Service Configuration Manager configurability for all enabled use- cases VNFM • Monitors & Measures performance

to enable SLA reporting Lifecycle Manager Lifecycle SLA Manager • Provides single northbound integration point of the VNF • Monitors system tasks & lifecycle events to perform failover and Ultra Policy Ultra Gateway Ultra Services VIM Platform Platform Framework recovery NFVI

Site & VNF Inventory

NFVI Monitoring Installation

Deployment Cloud Validation Installation

Full VNF VNFM & VNF- Deployment EM Installation

Software Qualification

Service Software Level Validation Monitoring

Software Upgrade

SDN-enabled Cloud-Native EPC vPC vPC EPC

• Applying SDN to • First version of • First version of EPC EPC by introducing • Cloud-Native virtual EPC as was introduced in CUPS. Microservices introduced as NFV. 3GPP Rel 8. • Control and User Architecture based. • Monolithic virtualized • Monolithic physical Plane separated • Disaggregated Network functions. appliance based virtualized Network stateless virtualized • Later even Cloud Network functions. functions. Network functions. enabled. • Cloud-enabled.

• VNFs decomposed as a set of microservices SAEGW

• A module or a group of modules VNF will form a microservice MME, PCRF, AAA etc MSvc MSvc MSvc • Use off the shelf best of breed MSvc MSvc MSvc MSvc Microservices components SAEGW Hyp/Containers • Each Microservice runs on its VNF own VM/Container and is a Module Module Module Module CPU Network Storage stateless application Module Module Module Module

• Decomposed VNF with multiple Module Module Module Module microservices need to still look like single EPC element Hyp/Container MSvc MSvc MSvc CPU Network Storage

Hyp/Cont Hyp/Cont Hyp/Cont

CPU Memory Storage CPU Memory Storage CPU Memory Storage

• SAEGW-C & SAEGW-U are independent VNFs.

• SAEGW-C & SAEGW-U each will have one or more microservices.

• Off the shelf best of breed Microservices components are used

• SAEGW-U User plane functions with different capabilities can be instantiated

• Docker micro-services orchestration • MANO/NFV support on top • Continuous Integration • Self healing operations • Micro-CPS (small footprint) • Optimized spin-up and upgrades • Netconf/Yang native integration with orchestration

SDN, Controllers APIs, Service Chaining Data Models, Config. Management

OpenConfig

Cloud Orchestration Data Plane Infrastructure

End-to-End Reference Architecture for NFV

• “5G” Defined

• 5G Market Status

• Cisco Ultra solution and its evolution

• 5G Ready Technologies and 5G Non-Standalone Core

• Next Generation 5G Mobile Core 5G Ready Bring your own radio Option 3

LTE Enabled Technologies EPC NG NG CCFs NG8 NG7 NG PCF NG5 AF S1-U SDM (MMF+ SMF) S1-MME

X2 NR f2 NG4 NG1 NG2 LTE f1 NG4

NG Core NG UE NG (R)AN NG3 UP NG6 Data Network function

NG3

NG Core UP function 5G NSA Option NG6 CUPS: Control/User Plane

Local Data Network Separation Network Slicing

IoT Core Network Control Sub NB-IOT DB

Network Slice MBB Core Network Selection Function

Streaming Camera Core Network

Network Platform for Slicing Spans RAN and Core

BRKSPM-2578 © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 44 CUPS Control & User Plane Separation Overview Control Plane • SAEGW-C + MME scale based on HSS PCRF OCS OFCS Radius AAA CDR connections memory footprint and signaling processing overhead

• Single VNF can present smaller number of interfaces to policy MME SAEGW C systems SAEGW C SDN • Data plane function programmed Interface and DC SDN configured Forwarding FE Plane

eNodeB FE • Forwarding function handles user plane functions. FE

Ultra Services Platform Management Plane

VM VM

Control Plane

VM VM

User Plane

VM VM

User Plane User Plane

VM VM VM VM

Service Service Service Component Component Component Service Service Service Service Service Service Component Component Component Component Component Component

Remote Data Center Remote Data Center

• New protocol PFCP (Packet Forwarding Control Protocol) ; 3GPP TS 29.244

• Sx Session Establishment Request message is a very rich message that includes a set of Identifiers together with composite Information Elements/Rules such PDR (Packet Detection Rule), FAR (Forwarding Action Rule), URR (Usage Reporting Rule), QER (QoS Enhancement Rule), and BAR (Buffering Action Rule)

CUPS UP Selection SAEGW-C PGW-C MME IMS • Static Configuration based. Internet UP associated with IP pool.

• DNS lookup based. This includes Location based UP1 lookup. 3GPP compliance.

• Dynamic UP selection based on UP2 Internet POP • APN/IMSI/Pool • Location (ULI) IMS-U • Load • UP Capabilities UP3 • Slice ID/RAT • NSA Capability UP

IP Services IP Services

HSS/SPR PCRF Automation

S6a Gx Ultra

S1-MME S11 MME SAE-GWc

Remote DC VNF-EM Sx S1-U SAEGW-U IP Services eNB LTE Central Data Center

SGi Services/Internet VNF-EM

SAEGW-U IP Services

VNF-EM

S1-U eNB SAEGW-U IP Services SGi VoLTE/IMS LTE Optimized for user plane IoT Services Remote DC, Different domain BRKSPM-2578 © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 50 Mobile Edge Computing with CUPS

• A very flat mobile core architecture based on CUPS • Internet access is via “Edge UP” • IMS and special APNs are accessed via “centralized UP” • Edge UP includes services as DPI, ADC, NAT, FW etc.

• Benefits • Offloaded traffic can be directed to regional and metro POP • Caches for OTT video • Low latency apps • Offloaded traffic is much simpler to networking as it can be express directed to an Internet POP

Ultra Automation Slice Service Provisioning Lifecycle AutoQA AutoSLA Instantiation Orchestration Lifecycle and operation tools

Ultra Centralized Control & Management

UPF Specific VNF-EM

N:M 1:1

Container tools Re-purposed Edge Compute ASR5500 Distributed User User Plane Plane VMs Micro Services

CP- CP- CP- CP- CP- CP- Active Stdby Active Stdby Active Stdby

UP- UP- UP- UP- UP- StdbyUP- Active Active Stdby ActiveUP- ActiveUP- Stdby ActiveUP- Active

ICSR for CP 1:1 Redundancy N:M Redundancy for UP for UP

Security Billing IoT Apps NB-IoT, eMTC, LTE, 2G Orchestration

Ultra IoT Core Control Center

C-SGN eSCEF SAEGW Ultra Gateway Ultra Policy Platform Platform API

NFVI

Ultra Gateway optimized for high density Ultra Policy for application interworking via API

REST API S6t Tenant / AS / Device Connectivity S6a HSS Onboarding mgmt Platform Cisco eSCEF MME T6a 3GPP SCEF

Event REST API SGi Data Delivery 2G, 3G, LTE, S/P GW IoT Protocol rules eMTC, NB-IoT Termination MONTE events Enterprise (MQTT, COAP, Data AS HTTP, …)

Storage API Gateway • REST/JSON Client Security & Identity Mgnt. • Device External IDs

• Middleware between the network and IoT applications delivering service capabilities and exposing network data to the applications via REST API, based on OneM2M architecture • Built on CPS/Ultra Policy platform

• 3GPP Non-IP Data Delivery (NIDD) over SCEF: Simple way to transfer small data between Non-IP UE and application, no need for EPC bearer

Non-IP Data over NAS Data o/Diameter Data UE T6a over API eMTC MME SCEF Events Events NB-IoT API IoT App SGi Protocol IP or Termination SAE-GW and data Non-IP Data UE HTTP/COAP/MQTT over IP management over API

• Cisco Solution: Adding optional element may allow to normalize data from SGi and make it available via the same APIs as on SCEF.

• Optimizations / enhancements targeted for efficient support of MTC devices in the network  Focus is on congestion prevention/avoidance  Support for any 3GPP RAT access for IoT devices (2G/3G/4G/NB-IoT)

• Support for NB-IoT enhancements • NAS PDU (Small Data) • S11-u to SGW • IP / Non-IP data through SGW/PGW • NIDD (T6a interface to SCEF)

NB-IoT IoT Core TACs E-UTRAN MBB Core TACs

• eNB shall use different TACs for NB-IoT cell and route NB-IoT request to an MME that support NB-IoT

• DeCOR (Rel-13): subscription based (UE-Usage-Type), MME in one DeCN may redirect to another MME in another DeCN

• eDeCOR (3GPP Rel-14): device assisted, eNB routes UEs to the proper DeCN based on UE indication

• Option3Option 3x 3 Option 3a • Option Option3 3x EPC EPC EPC

S1-U S1-MME S1-U S1-U S1-MME S1-U CP CP/UP eNB NR eNB NR eNB NR

RRC RRC

Option 3 5G UE Option 3 5G UE Option 3 5G UE

Key idea Key idea Key idea • Traffic split across 4G and 5G happens • Traffic split across 4G and 5G happens • Traffic split across 4G and 5G happens at eNB at EPC (SGW); at 5G cell / gNB • May be inefficient depending on • More efficient than Option 3 in case • More efficient than Option 3 as less backhaul architecture (as 5G traffic eNB and 5G gNB as using different traffic to be sent to the eNB via X2 may need to be sent via S1 and X2 to backhauls interface. 5G gNB)

• “5G” Defined

• 5G Market Status

• Cisco Ultra architecture and its evolution

• 5G Ready Technologies and 5G Non-Standalone Core

• Next Generation 5G Mobile Core 4G Core

HSS SPR SCEF DNS

S6a Sp

MME S/PGW-C PCRF AF S11 Gx Rx

NAS S1-MME Sx

UE E-UTRAN S/PGW-U DN S1-U SGi

PCRF Policy and Charging Rules Function SCEF Service Capability Exposure Function

AUSF N13 UDM

N12 N8 N10

Cisco AMF N11 SMF N7 UltraPCF N5 AF Policy

N1 N2 N14 N15 N4 Cisco Ultra Gateway Platform UE NG RAN N3 UPF N6 DN

N9 Non 3GPP N3IWF RAN Control Data

• Registration management, access control and mobility management function for all accesses (incl. WLAN) • Location Services • SMS transport • Terminates NAS signaling for all accesses (single AMF per UE) • Difference compared to EPC • AMF = 4G MME – session management • AMF provides NAS termination for non-3GPP accesses (e.g. WLAN) • AMF receives mobility related policies from PCF (e.g. mobility restrictions) • Reporting of events to the PCF that the PCF has subscribed to • AMF forwards mobility related policies to the UE (via N1)

Overview • Common session management for all accesses (incl. WLAN) • SMF handles all session management signaling with UE (relayed by AMF) • Configures traffic steering at UPF to route traffic to proper destination • Charging data collection; Control and coordination of charging data collection at UPF • Multiple SMFs supported per UE (one per session) • Enables different SMFs for different network slices Difference to 4G • Control plane parts of SGW and PGW • Session management from MME collapsed into SMF • SMF interfaces directly with UDM to receive subscription information (no need to go via AMF)

Overview • Anchor point for Intra-/Inter-RAT mobility (when applicable). • Packet routing & forwarding • Packet Inspection • Traffic usage reporting • QoS handling • One or multiple chained UP functions can be activated and configured by SMF per session as needed for a scenario

Difference to 4G • No distinct u-plane entities like SGW-U or P-GW-U anymore • UPF is essentially a generalized version of the user-plane parts of 4G SGW, PGW and TDF • Enables flexible chaining and functional combinations of user plane functions e.g. Local hosting of content / local compute (MEC)

Virtualize CUPS 5G NSA 5G SA 5G Services

2018 2018 2019 2020

PCF + PCRF Central Data Center N7 Sp SMF + HSS/SPR PCRF

CP u

EPC PGW-C t

U S6a o

Gx m

V V V V V N4

N15 n UPF + S11

N N N N N MME SAE-GWc S1-MME S1-U S1-U PGW-U N11

F F F F F UGP Sx UGP UP Xx eNB 5G AMF Remote DC VNF-EM

S1-U UP SAEGW-U IP Services NW CPU Disk UP N3 N3 N2 N2 NFVI “Option 3” 5G UE (*) SGi Services/Internet UP Evolved 5G (NR) E-UTRAN

Control • Understand • Re-architect • Augment RAN • UpgradeData eNB • Introduce low how to deploy the GW capacity to NGCN latency VNF on NFVI • High speed UP • Optimize the • Introduce SMF, services • Automation • Scale the UP deployment AMF etc nodes • Create slice and integration and CP • Define new • New 5G core per service tools independently services services • Address new • Create new • New LCM • Cloud native verticals slices implementation

HSS PCRF Option 3 - 5G radio is deployed and high BW traffic is passed PGW through optimized user plane

SGW SAEGW Limited network changes • Focus on the Radio and MME Transport changes • New MME, HSS and policy features • High Speed connection use case deployments

E-UTRAN/ E-UTRAN NR (Opt. 3)

HSS PCRF

PGW

SAEGW-C

SGW

MME

• Enables selection of SAEGW-U S/PGW-U close to RAN 5GSAEGW RAT -U • Can support AR/VR 5G RAT services and provide low- latency service NR LTE (Opt. 3)

PCF + PCRF As standards mature, upgrade N7/Gx SPGW-C with SMF capabilities SMF + SPGW-U upgraded to UPF SPGW-C S11 N4/Sx UPF + SPGW-U SP Operation Considerations: Quick SW only change 5G production friendly MME Test opportunity before 5G HSS + radio is ready

S1-C S1-U UDM

X2 NR LTE (Opt. 3)

devices S11 N4/Sx N11 UPF + PGW SGW SAEGW-U

N26 MME AMF

HSS + UDM S1-C S1-U N3 N2

NR LTE eLTE NR X2 (Option 3) Xn

“Option 3” 5G 4G UE UE 5G UE

Authentication Unified Data Network Slice Network Resource Network Server Function Management Selection Function Function (NRF)** Exposure (NSSF)** (AUSF) (UDM) Function (NEF)**

Access/ Session Policy control Application mobility mgmt management function (PCF) Function (AF) (AMF) (SMF)

UserUser plane plane (New Radio) Data networks UE functionsfunctions Access Network (DN) (UPF)(UPF)

HTTP/2 adopted as the application layer protocol for the service based interfaces with some exceptions JSON adopted as the serialization protocol; REST-style service design whenever possible and custom (RPC-based) methods otherwise.

1. NSSF shall provide a network slice instance selection function for UE. 2. It shall be possible to determine whether to allow the network slice requested by UE. 3. It shall be possible to select an appropriate AMF or candidate AMF set for UE. 4. Based on operator configuration, the NSSF may determine the NRF(s) to be used to select NFs/services within the selected Network Slice instance(s). 4. NSSF and the control plane NE within 5GNC system shall be interworked through SBI.

NSSF is mandatory in 3GPP 5G architecture

1. NRF shall provide an NF and service discovery function. 2. NRF shall provide an authorization function for NF and service discovery requests. 3. NRF shall be able to save the information on the services supported by each NF and the NF configuration within the 5GNC system and network slice. 4. NRF and the control plane NE within 5GNC system shall be interworked through SBI. 5. NRF shall be able to provide a discovery function for the NFs and services belonging to the entire PLMN, a single network slice, or a network slice set, depending on the system configuration and operator settings.

NRF is mandatory, assuming SBA option implemented

BRKSPM-2578 © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 78 BRKSPM-2578 © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 79 Cisco Ultra Solution 5G NG Mobile Core solution

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cs.co/ciscolivebot#BRKSPM-2578

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• Related sessions: • 5G - End-to-End Architecture Approach [PSOSPG-4524] – Tuesday • The Cisco 5G-ready SP E2E Architecture [BRKSPG-2402] – Tuesday • IoT for Mobile Service Provider [BRKSPM-2389] – Friday • Security for Mobile Service Providers [BRKSPM-2589] - Thursday