The Office of Communications Annual Report & Accounts For the period 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019 The Office of Communications Annual Report & Accounts For the period 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019 Presented to Parliament pursuant to Paragraphs 11 and 12 of Schedule 1 of the Office of Communications Act 2002 Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 10 July 2019 HC 2321 Ofcom is the UK regulator for the communications services that we use and rely on each day. Our vision is to make communications work for everyone. We regulate broadband and mobile telecoms, TV, radio, video-on-demand services, post, and the airwaves used by wireless devices. Our work benefits consumers and UK businesses to get the best from communications services. We ensure consumer fairness and protection from sharp practices and we actively support competition where appropriate to deliver good outcomes. Ofcom is an independent public authority, funded by fees paid to us by the companies we regulate. Our duties come from Parliament. © Ofcom Copyright 2019 The text of this document (this excludes, where present, the Royal Arms and all departmental or agency logos) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium provided that it is reproduced accurately and not in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Ofcom copyright and the document title specified. Where third party material has been identified, permission from the respective copyright holder must be sought. Any enquiries related to this publication should be sent to us at [email protected] This publication is available at: www.gov.uk/government/publications Ofcom ARA 2018-2019 ISBN 978-1-5286-1216-6 CCS0419980080 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum. Printed in the UK by Hobbs the Printers Ltd on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. A_Performance Report 5 Overview 46 Work in the nations and our 7 Chairman’s message international engagement 8 Chief Executive’s report 51 Who we work with and how we work 11 Performance Review 56 Financial Review 43 Principal risks and uncertainties 63 Corporate responsibility 65 Sustainability report A_Performance Report B_Accountability Report 69 Directors’ report 92 Remuneration report 73 Corporate Governance statement 99 Certificate and report of the 88 Our employees Comptroller and Auditor General to the Houses of Parliament B_Accountability Report C_Financial Statements 103 Statement of comprehensive 105 Statement of changes in equity net expenditure 106 Statement of cash flows 104 Statement of financial position 107 Notes to the accounts C_Financial Statements D_Annexes 141 Ofcom Boards, Panels and Committees 153 Section 400 144 Regulatory statements 154 Spectrum engineering and enforcement 148 Investigations programme 155 Spectrum licensing 149 Broadcasting complaints, cases 160 Sustainability and sanctions 164 700 MHz clearance D_Annexes The Office of Communications Annual Report & Accounts for the period 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019 A_Performance Report Performance Report 5 Overview 7 Chairman’s message 8 Chief Executive’s report 11 Performance Review 43 Principal risks and uncertainties 46 Work in the nations and our international engagement 51 Who we work with and how we work 56 Financial Review 63 Corporate responsibility 65 Sustainability report 4 The Office of Communications Annual Report & Accounts for the period 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019 What this section covers This section gives an overview of the Office of Communications, how we are set up to deliver our duties and how we have performed against our strategic objectives set out in the Annual Plan of work. Overview About Ofcom We also help to make sure people across the UK A_Performance Report are protected from harmful content on TV and Ofcom is the regulator for the communications radio, and that programmes reflect the audiences services that we use and rely on each day. they serve. We consider every complaint we receive from viewers and listeners. Often, we We make sure people get the best from their investigate further for breaches of our rules. broadband, home phone and mobile services, as well as looking after TV and radio. We are independent of Government and the companies we regulate, and funded by fees We also oversee the universal postal service, paid to us by the companies we regulate. which means Royal Mail must deliver and collect letters six days a week, and parcels five days a week, at an affordable and uniform Our powers and duties B_Accountability Report price throughout the UK. Our principal duty is to further We look after the airwaves used by wireless citizen and consumer interests devices like mobile and cordless phones, tablets, microphones, GPS devices and even Ofcom was established under the Office of car keys and doorbells. Communications Act 2002 and operates under a number of Acts of Parliament1. The We also help to make sure people don’t Communications Act 2003 states that our get scammed and are protected from bad principal duty is ‘to further the interests of practices. This is particularly important for citizens in relation to communications matters, vulnerable or older people. and to further the interests of consumers in relevant markets, where appropriate by C_Financial Statements Our duties come from Parliament. Our priority promoting competition’. In postal services, we is good consumer outcomes, where consumers must carry out our functions in a way that we can make informed choices, and we drive consider will secure provision of a universal this by keeping you informed and promoting postal service in the UK. We implement and competition among companies we regulate. enforce communications, competition and We provide advice and information to consumer protection laws. thousands of people each year, through our website and call centre. We register complaints from people and businesses. This helps us to take action against firms when they let their customers down. D_Annexes Parliament has not given us powers to resolve individual people’s complaints about their broadband, home phone or mobile phone. Instead, these can be considered by alternative ‘dispute resolution’ services. 1 These include the Communications Act 2003, the Wireless Telegraphy Act 2006, the Broadcasting Acts 1990 and 1996, the Digital Economy Acts 2010 and 2017 and the Postal Services Act 2011. ofcom.org.uk 5 A_Performance Report Overview _ Our legal duties guide Our values the direction of our work To help us with our work in promoting choice, Our main legal duties are to ensure that: securing standards and preventing harm, we need to make the best decisions for all UK • the UK has a wide range of electronic consumers and citizens. To do this, every part communications services; of our organisation needs to be diverse and • radio spectrum is used in the most foster an inclusive culture. We aim to achieve effective way; this by adopting our values: • a wide range of high-quality television and • Excellence radio programmes are provided by a range • Collaboration of different organisations, appealing to a • Agility range of tastes and interests; • Empowerment • people are protected from harmful or offensive material, unfair treatment and invasion of privacy on the television and radio; and • the universal service obligation on postal services is secured in the UK. Ofcom can enforce consumer law on behalf of consumers, but we cannot resolve individual consumer complaints about telecoms or postal services. Where appropriate, we provide advice to complainants and refer them to the alternative dispute resolution (ADR) schemes that we have approved. By contrast, we do deal with individual complaints about TV and radio. 6 The Office of Communications Annual Report & Accounts for the period 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019 Chairman’s message Lord Burns, GCB Becoming Chairman of Ofcom has reinforced my treasured national institution. Audiences tell A_Performance Report view of just how much people and businesses us that the BBC is generally doing a good job. rely on the services Ofcom regulates. I hope that Ofcom’s first annual report on the BBC, which we published in October, has helped Many of us would find it hard to function in inform the Corporation about where it could modern society without access to reliable serve the public even better. broadband and phone services. People and business customers must be treated fairly by the In June, we announced that our Chief Executive companies that provide these services, receiving Sharon White would be stepping down. Sharon good levels of service. has been an outstanding Chief Executive and will be widely missed. She leaves Ofcom Ofcom’s job is to hold companies to account, as a regulator with a relentless focus on the raising standards for customers while recognising consumer interest. The Board has started the B_Accountability Report the companies that are doing a good job. process to appoint a successor. We have seen real progress during the year. I was pleased to welcome new members to the I was particularly encouraged that, following Ofcom Board during the year. Maggie Carver Ofcom’s intervention, most customers now get was appointed Deputy Chair and is a member compensation automatically if their broadband of Ofcom’s Remuneration and the Nominations or home phone stops working, or if they’re let Committee. Maggie brings experience from down by their provider. relevant sectors from her non-executive More vulnerable and older customers were also directorships at ITN, Channel 5 and the British helped during the year. We brought down the Board of Film Classification, among others. cost of calling 118 directory enquiry services very Dr Angela Dean, a financial analyst of European C_Financial Statements significantly, and ensured BT cut line rental for communications and technology companies for customers who take only a landline. As a result, almost 20 years, including as a former Managing millions of people are now better off.