viruses Review Immunity and Viral Infections: Modulating Antiviral Response via CRISPR–Cas Systems Sergey Brezgin 1,2,3,† , Anastasiya Kostyusheva 1,†, Ekaterina Bayurova 4 , Elena Volchkova 5, Vladimir Gegechkori 6 , Ilya Gordeychuk 4,7, Dieter Glebe 8 , Dmitry Kostyushev 1,3,*,‡ and Vladimir Chulanov 1,3,5,‡ 1 National Medical Research Center of Tuberculosis and Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Health, 127994 Moscow, Russia;
[email protected] (S.B.);
[email protected] (A.K.);
[email protected] (V.C.) 2 Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency, 115522 Moscow, Russia 3 Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia 4 Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, 108819 Moscow, Russia;
[email protected] (E.B.);
[email protected] (I.G.) 5 Department of Infectious Diseases, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
[email protected] 6 Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
[email protected] 7 Department of Organization and Technology of Immunobiological Drugs, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia 8 National Reference Center for Hepatitis B Viruses and Hepatitis D Viruses, Institute of Medical Virology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected] † Co-first authors. Citation: Brezgin, S.; Kostyusheva, ‡ Co-senior authors. A.; Bayurova, E.; Volchkova, E.; Gegechkori, V.; Gordeychuk, I.; Glebe, Abstract: Viral infections cause a variety of acute and chronic human diseases, sometimes resulting D.; Kostyushev, D.; Chulanov, V. Immunity and Viral Infections: in small local outbreaks, or in some cases spreading across the globe and leading to global pandemics.