Visions of a Just Society
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Abrahamic Forum International Council of Christians and Jews & Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Außenstelle Sarajevo VISIONS OF A JUST SOCIETY FEARS, HOPES, AND CHANCES FOR LIVING TOGETHER IN A GLOBALIZED WORLD FROM JEWISH, CHRISTIAN, AND MUSLIM PERSPECTIVES International Consultation Sarajevo (BIH), 13 – 16 November 2005 Sarajevo 2006 EDITED BY Prof. Dr. Stefan Schreiner TRANSLATED BY Leila Kadribašić (Texts on pp. 20-30.35-39.52-56.65-71.93-96.108-111) PUBLISHED BY Abrahamic Forum Konrad – Adenauer – Stiftung International Council of Christians and Jews Außenstelle Sarajevo Werléstr. 2 Pruščakova 23 D – 64629 Heppenheim BA – 71000 Sarajevo Tel. +49 (0)6252 93120 Tel. +387 (0)33 215240 Fax +49 (0)6252 68331 Fax +387 (0)33 215239 [email protected] [email protected] www.iccj.org / www.jcrelations.net www.kas-sarajevo.com / www.kas.de PRINTED BY Druckerei Maier GmbH Rottenburg a. N. © Abrahamic Forum International Council of Christians and Jews Konrad – Adenauer – Stiftung Außenstelle Sarajevo June 2006 ISBN-13: 978-3-00-019283-8 ISBN-10: 3-00-019283-2 The present book records papers presented to an unprecedented International Con- sultation which was held in Sarajevo (Bosnia-Hercegovina) in November 2005. At the invitation of the Abrahamic Forum of the International Council of Christians and Jews (ICCJ) and the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung – Außenstelle Sarajevo, about forty leading experts and representatives of Jewish, Christian, and Muslim communities from eleven European and Middle Eastern countries came together to discuss “Visions of a Just Society – Fears, Hopes, and Chances for Living together in a Globalized World from Jewish, Christian, and Muslim Perspectives Focusing on South Eastern Europe”. The purpose of this volume, however, is not only to document the consultation that took place months ago. Recording the papers and, thus, illustrating the many facets of the topic and reflecting the variety of approaches to it, the volume also invites the reader to pick up the thread and continue the discussion on building a multi-ethnic, multi-religious, multi-cultural society that rightly may be called a just society, a soci- ety that allows, and guarantees, peaceful living together of all its members irrespective of their cultural or ethnic background, language, faith and political orientation. Excellencies, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, Dobrodošli. On behalf of the Abrahamic Forum of the International Council of Christians and Jews (ICCJ) I have the honour and pleasure to welcome you here in the Art Gallery of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Above all, I would like to thank you for kindly having accepted our invitation to be with us tonight and express my appreciation of your presence at the opening session of this – un- precedented – international consultation. These days, in many parts of the world, we are witnessing outbreaks of vio- lence, social unrest and turmoil, acts of terrorism, wars started to change exist- ing socio-political orders and impose new ones, and wars waged to stop wars; and time and again, we experience that it is religion that plays a particular role in this context; we see that it is religion that is used or rather abused quite often as a weapon, and we learn that it is religion, religious beliefs or convictions, religious traditions of whatever origin that are exploited to serve as pretexts as well as means to justify use of power, to legitimize acts of violence against oth- ers or simply to commit crimes. In light of these developments in national and international relations during the last one and a half decades it becomes more and more clear, that it is of paramount importance that people of religion, be they Jews, Christians, Mus- lims, men and women alike, raise their voices against instrumentalization of their respective religions and suggest that the potential for a peaceful living together, which is based on mutual understanding and respect, is implicit espe- cially in those cultures which derive from the three monotheistic world relig- ions. It is not only time, but our duty to prove that respect for the otherness of the other, for other cultural and religious identities and political orientations alike, and shared responsibility for God’s creation and its preservation are not alien to our respective religious traditions, but deeply rooted in them. To un- cover this potential is of particular significance in the context of the aforemen- tioned developments as well as of the much debated globalization, a concept which should not be interpreted as establishing dominance of one part of the world over all others, and therefore, should not be allowed to lead to new di- chotomy in the world, but it should be understood as a common task and ef- fort to build together our global village, its civilization, and the societies that shape it, as well as their social structures. To discuss matters related to this common task and effort and develop new ideas which may be regarded as elements or basic concepts of a society, that rightly deserves to be called a just society, what means: a community which is pluralistic in terms of religious traditions and cultures as well as of political orientations, we, the Abrahamic Forum of the International Council of Chris- tians and Jews and the Konrad-Adenauer-Foundation – Sarajevo Branch, jointly invited you to take part in this international, inter-religious, and inter- cultural, consultation on „Visions of a Just Society – Fears, Hopes, and Chances for Living together in a Globalized World from Jewish, Christian, and Muslim Perspectives Focusing on South Eastern Europe “. And we are delighted that you accepted our invitation and expressed readiness to contribute your personal as well as professional expertise and experience to our deliberations. Once again, I most cordially welcome you all. A particular warm word of welcome allow me to extend to the high represen- tatives of the religious communities and churches: His Eminence Cardinal Puljić (Roman Catholic Church in BIH), His Excellency Bishop Dr Vasiljević (Orthodox Church in BIH), The President of the Jewish Community in Sarajevo, Mr Finci, and The Reis-ul-ulema Dr Cerić, Grand Mufti of the Muslim Community in BIH, who will introduce us into the subject of our consultation. We are grateful to you for joining us tonight. Your presence is a great honour for all of us. To convene and discuss matters which I mentioned before, there seems to be no better place than Sarajevo, since Sarajevo stands for both a city where peo- ple of different ethnic, religions, and cultural backgrounds came together, and a city where these people became utterly divided. I am sure, you all are aware of the meaning Sarajevo once had as a city fa- mous for its multi-ethnic, multi-religious, and multi-cultural character, as a city, that more than once in its history served as a haven for people in need to find a refuge for themselves. Not without reason, particularly in Jewish tradition, Sara- jevo became a symbol named “Jerusalem of Bosnia”, since according to the words of Psalm 122 “Jerusalem is built as a city where people come together”. Not long ago, however, Sarajevo, the city where people came together, experi- enced the opposite and turned into a city where people no longer lived to- gether, but fought against each other. And the question is often raised: Will Sarajevo find her way back and again become a multi-ethnic, multi-religious, and multi-cultural city where people come and live together? By bringing together people of different religious background and commit- ment from more than ten countries of Europe and the Middle East, we do hope that our consultation will contribute a little bit to re-make Sarajevo the symbol it was, the “Jerusalem”, about which the prophet Isaiah said: It is a place from which “a light shines to the nations”. Thank you. Prof. Dr Stefan Schreiner Abrahamic Forum of the ICCJ Eminence, Excellencies, Honorable Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen A warm welcome to the international consultation: “Visions of a Just Society: Fears, Hopes, and Chances for Living together in a Globalized World”. My name is Christina Catherine Krause, I am the country representative of Konrad-Adenauer Foundation in Sarajevo. Konrad-Adenauer-Foundation recently celebrated its 50th anniversary. We celebrated 50 years of worldwide activities to strengthen democracies and sup- port the understanding among countries and people. Since 1997 we have an office in Sarajevo and only a few years ago, my predecessor, Dr. Caroline Hornstein-Tomic, started the work in the field of inter-religious- intercultural dialogue for the Foundation. When I came to Bosnia and Herzegovina, four months ago, I was asked to pay special attention to this inter-religious and intercultural dialogue: To pro- tect, foster and support the valuable discussions of the past and to offer a plat- form for exchange in the future. Two partners came in very handy: the Inter-religious Council, our main part- ner in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the Abrahamic Forum of the ICCJ which is our partner in this consultation. This project combines three dimensions: the country, the regional and the in- ternational dimension. It brings together Moslems, Jews and Christians. This consultation unites people – men and women, religious dignitaries and theolo- gians – from all the world. The positive responses we received in Bosnia and Herzegovina, while planning this consultation were immense. Many of you contributed greatly – with practical advice and philosophical wisdom – and I hope this teamwork will continue. This conference is intended to bring the focus to Bosnia and Herzegovina, to compare the situation here with other states, to find similarities in the religions, to improve the understanding among them and to enhance and create net- works. Please, support us in ensuring that this consultation is not a one-time effort but an impulse-giving beginning.