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MANUSYA 482 MANVANTARA(M)

MANUSYA (MAN) The Puranas. have not given a 42,200 divine days (120 x 360) which is the life-span of definite explanation regarding the origin of Man, the a , a deluge takes place. Thus in one Brahma's most important of all living beings. Many stories 42,200 Kalpas take place. A Brahma's life span regarding the origin of Man were current among the is known as "Mahakalpa" and the close of a Brahma's ancient people. According to Hindu Puranas Man period is called "Mahapralaya". was born of Svayambhuva who in turn was born 2) Human year (Manufya varfd) and Divine year (Deva of Brahma. According to Ramayana (Sarga 14, varsa) . When two leaves are placed one over the other Aranya Kanda) all the living beings including man and they are pierced by a needle, the time required were born to Kasyapaprajapati of his eight wives, for the needle to pass from the first leaf to the second Aditi, Dili, Danu, Kalika, Tamra, Krodhavasa, Manu is called "Alpakala". Thirty such alpakalas make one and Anala. From Aditi were born the devas; from "Truti". Thirty trutis make one "Kala". Thirty Kalas Dili, the daityas; from Danu, the danavas; from Kali, make one "Kastha", which is also known as "Nimisa" the asuras Kalaka and Naraka; from Tamra, the bird- "Noti" or "Matra". Four "Nimisas" make one flock Kraunci, Bhasi, Syenl, Dhrtarastri and Suki; "Ganita". Ten Ganitas, one "Netuvlrppu". Six netu- from KrodhavaSa the animal flock, Mrgl, Mrgamanda, virppus, one "Vinazhika". Sixty vinazhikas one ' Hari, Bhadramada, MfitangI, Sardull, Sveta and Ghatika". Sixty ghatikas one day (day and night "Paksa". Surabhi; from Manu, mankind and from Anala, the together) . Fifteen days, one Two Paksas, one

. Candramasa for flora. "Candra masa" v lunar month) One human is one "ahoratra" and There is basis to believe that the Greeks and the people beings (one day night one full for the Twelve Candra of Bharata accepted with slight modifications the making up day) pitrs. masas make one for human One for theory of evolution. The Dasavataras of Visnu almost year beings. year human is one ahoratra for the Three represents the progressive changes in the form of a beings gods. hundred ahoratras of make one "Deva Vatsara" living thing from a fish into man. The theory of gods make one Krta- Darwin that life was first formed in water was current or "Divya vatsara". 4,800 divyavatsaras make one 2,400 among the sages of ancient Bharata, even from very . 3,600 divyavatsaras Tretayuga, one 1,200 early . divyavatsaras make Dvaparayuga. divya- vatsaras make one Kaliyuga. 12.000 divyavatsaras Apa eva sasarjadau comprising a set of Krta, Treta. Dvapara and Kaliyugas Ta.su vlryamapasrjat // make one Caturyuga. A Manu's period is completed created water first and cast . (He virility therein) at the end of 71 Caturyugas. With that, the first In the Dasavataras (ten incarnations of Visnu) the group of gods also comes to an end. At the end of four- first avatara is . The next one is Kurma (Fish) teen such Manus, one "" is over and a deluge or Tortoise which is a progress in the form of fish. one takes place. The whole of this period comprises The third is Varaha or boar which is another step time of inacti- night for Brahma. Night is the complete in fourth is forward evolution. The Narasimha (Man creation is started vity. With the end of the night, cum lion) which is the first step towards the formation of Brahma are com- again. When 360 such ahoratras of Man. That avatara has got the traits of both man After 120 pleted, he completes one year. completing and animal. The next one is or a small man. a of abso- such years, a Brahma perishes. Again period Then Sri Rama and Sri Krsna, both fully grown men of a Brahma's lute inactivity follows for the length different culture. but with kinds of Brahma varsas life- life-span. After a period of 120 (the MANVANTARA(M). span of a Brahma) another Brahma comes into being. 1 Manvantara and The in the ) Kalpa, Caturyuga. Prapanca The life-span of Brahma is shown following is At one it takes its (universe) perishable. time, origin, tabular form : at another time it the creator perishes. Brahma, of 360 days for gods One Deva vatsara. the universe has birth and death. The between period 12,000 Deva vatsaras 1 caturyuga (36 lakhs years the birth of is known as and death a Brahma a "Maha- for human beings) . The flood that comes at the death of a kalpa". Brahma 71 caturyugas 1 Manvantaram (One is called of is "Mahapralaya". One day Brahma called Manu's life-span) . In the Puranas one or one Kalpakala. Kalpa day of 14 Manvantaras 1 Kalpa (one day time for Brahma is divided into fourteen The master or parts. Brahma ) ruler of each of these divisions is a Manu. There for are 2 Kalpas One day (and night) fourteen Manus. The life span of each Manu is called Brahma. (Ahoratra) a "Manvantaram". 360 days ofBrahma 1 Brahma Varsa Brahma's There are seventy one Caturyugas in each Manvantara. 120 Brahma Varsas One life-span. is therefore 30 crores 9 The four namely Krtayuga, Tretayuga, Dvapara- This life-span of one Brahma yuga and Kaliyuga make np one Caturyuga. At the end lakhs 17 thousands 376 hundreds of years of human of seventyone such Caturyugas, that is, at the end of beings. of is every two hundred and eightyfour (71 X 4) yugas, a It is said that a Manu's period reign 4,32,000 3rd . Manu completes his life-span. Along with ., that, the Manusyarvarsas. (Bhagavata, Skandha) consists of the Devas who were born at the time of the birth of that 3) The caturyuga scheme. A caturyuga and Kali Manu, also come to the end of their lives. Fourteen such four yugas, namely Krta, Treta, Dvapara the Manvantaras make one day of Brahma. It is at the end yugas. At the end of each Caturyuga, perish come down from of that day that the original universe perishes. Brahma's Then the "Saptarsis" (seven sages) earth and restore them Manu life-span is 120 years. At the end of that period, that heaven to the again. of is also born Brahma perishes. That is to say, at the end of every who is the propounder sastra,