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The Ecology O F the Estuaries of Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt in The
TOPICS IN MARINE BIOLOGY. ROS. J. D. (ED.). SCIENT. MAR . 53(2-3): 457-463 1989 The ecology of the estuaries of Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt in the Netherlands* CARLO HEIP Delta Institute for Hydrobiological Research. Yerseke. The Netherlands SUMMARY: Three rivers, the Rhine, the Meuse and the Scheldt enter the North Sea close to each other in the Netherlands, where they form the so-called delta region. This area has been under constant human influence since the Middle Ages, but especially after a catastrophic flood in 1953, when very important coastal engineering projects changed the estuarine character of the area drastically. Freshwater, brackish water and marine lakes were formed and in one of the sea arms, the Eastern Scheldt, a storm surge barrier was constructed. Only the Western Scheldt remained a true estuary. The consecutive changes in this area have been extensively monitored and an important research effort was devoted to evaluate their ecological consequences. A summary and synthesis of some of these results are presented. In particular, the stagnant marine lake Grevelingen and the consequences of the storm surge barrier in the Eastern Scheldt have received much attention. In lake Grevelingen the principal aim of the study was to develop a nitrogen model. After the lake was formed the residence time of the water increased from a few days to several years. Primary production increased and the sediments were redistributed but the primary consumers suchs as the blue mussel and cockles survived. A remarkable increase ofZostera marina beds and the snail Nassarius reticulatus was observed. The storm surge barrier in the Eastern Scheldt was just finished in 1987. -
Bij De Rijksstructuurvisie Grevelingen En Volkerak-Zoommeer Deel 1, Sep
Natuureffectenstudie bij de Rijksstructuurvisie Grevelingen en Volkerak-Zoommeer Deel I © https://beeldbank.rws.nl, Rijkswaterstaat, Ruimte voor de Rivier, Ruben Smit © https://beeldbank.rws.nl, Rijkswaterstaat, Ruimte voor de Rivier, Natuureffectenstudie bij de Rijksstructuurvisie Grevelingen en Volkerak-Zoommeer Deel I beschrijving effecten Inhoud 1 Inleiding 4 1.1 Aanleiding 1.2 Alternatieven voor de waterhuishouding: effecten in beeld via de m.e.r. 1.3 Achtergrond en visie bij de Natuureffectenstudie 1.4 Leeswijzer 2 Waarom systeemverandering 6 2.1 De huidige situatie in de deelsystemen Volkerak-Zoommeer en de Grevelingen 2.2 De problemen 2.3 De kwaliteit van het watersysteem is leidend bij de beoogde systeemverandering 2.4 Bronnen 3 Huidige situatie van de natuur in het Volkerak- Zoommeer en de Grevelingen 13 3.1 Volkerak en Zoommeer © https://beeldbank.rws.nl, Rijkswaterstaat 3.2 De Grevelingen 4 Alternatieven waterhuishouding De Grevelingen en Volkerak-Zoommeer 36 4.1 Zoet of zout, wel of geen getij, wel of geen aanvullende waterberging 4.2 Alternatieven waterhuishouding Volkerak-Zoommeer en De Grevelingen in Notitie reikwijdte en detailniveau 4.3 Eerste beoordeling alternatieven, varianten en opties 4.5 Alternatieven en opties onderzocht op gevolgen voor natuur, milieu en andere relevante thema’s 4.6 Alternatief A - referentie: geen getij, beperkte waterberging en zoet Volkerak-Zoommeer 4.7 Alternatief B: Volkerak-Zoommeer zout en getij 4.8 Alternatief C: getij op De Grevelingen via Noordzee 4.9 Alternatief D: Volkerak-Zoommeer -
Onderschrijvingsdocument Krammer-Volkerak
Bijlage bij de brief aan de minister van Infrastructuur en Milieu, 23 april 2014 Onderschrijving bekken Krammer-Volkerak van het Regionaal Bod Zuidwestelijke Delta In 2012 is in breed verband geconstateerd welke maatregelen bijdragen aan een substantiële verbetering van de waterkwaliteit van het Grevelingen/Volkerak- Zoommeer. De meest voor de hand liggende oplossingen zijn zout water en getij toelaten in het Volkerak-Zoommeer en het introduceren van beperkt getij in de Grevelingen. Afspraak is dat het Rijk met het oog op de langere termijn doelen (2035) een structuurvisie opstelt, waarin betekenisvolle en concrete besluiten zouden worden genomen. Zo ontstaat planologische helderheid voor partijen die in het gebied actief zijn. In nauwe samenhang hiermee stellen de provincies Zuid-Holland, Zeeland en Noord-Brabant gebiedsontwikkelingsplannen op die gericht zijn op een kortere termijn (2020-2025). De bestuurlijke intentie van de afspraak is dat, op basis van ‘gelijk oversteken’, een win-win situatie tot stand komt. Regionale partijen leveren vanuit de waardecreatie binnen de gebiedsontwikkeling een bijdrage aan oplossingen die de waterkwaliteit in het gebied verbeteren. Het Rijk realiseert daarmee tegen lagere investeringen zijn lange termijn doelstellingen. Bovendien ontstaat in de Zuidwestelijke Delta nieuwe economische dynamiek en niet in de laatste plaats draagvlak voor die lange termijn doelstellingen. Het op 23 april 2014 te voeren overleg met de minister van Infrastructuur en Milieu is een belangrijk moment om te bezien in hoeverre de in 2012 uitgesproken intenties over en weer gestand kunnen worden gedaan. 1. Cofinanciering Zoetwatervoorziening Zowel Rijk als regionale partners onderschrijven het principe dat waterveiligheid, economie en ecologie nauw met elkaar samenhangen. -
Half a Century of Morphological Change in the Haringvliet and Grevelingen Ebb-Tidal Deltas (SW Netherlands) - Impacts of Large-Scale Engineering 1964-2015
Half a century of morphological change in the Haringvliet and Grevelingen ebb-tidal deltas (SW Netherlands) - Impacts of large-scale engineering 1964-2015 Ad J.F. van der Spek1,2; Edwin P.L. Elias3 1Deltares, P.O. Box 177, 2600 MH Delft, The Netherlands; [email protected] 2Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht 3Deltares USA, 8070 Georgia Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910, U.S.A.; [email protected] Abstract The estuaries in the SW Netherlands, a series of distributaries of the rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt known as the Dutch Delta, have been engineered to a large extent. The complete or partial damming of these estuaries in the nineteensixties had an enormous impact on their ebb-tidal deltas. The strong reduction of the cross-shore tidal flow triggered a series of morphological changes that includes erosion of the ebb delta front, the building of a coast-parallel, linear intertidal sand bar at the seaward edge of the delta platform and infilling of the tidal channels. The continuous extension of the port of Rotterdam in the northern part of the Haringvliet ebb-tidal delta increasingly sheltered the latter from the impact of waves from the northwest and north. This led to breaching and erosion of the shore-parallel bar. Moreover, large-scale sedimentation diminished the average depth in this area. The Grevelingen ebb-tidal delta has a more exposed position and has not reached this stage of bar breaching yet. The observed development of the ebb-tidal deltas caused by restriction or even blocking of the tidal flow in the associated estuary or tidal inlet is summarized in a conceptual model. -
Zeeland 2008 Hippo’S Cruise to the NKDE Summer Meeting
Zeeland 2008 Hippo’s cruise to the NKDE Summer Meeting Jim Hopwood describes his trip to join the NKDE Summer meeting in the Grevelingenmeer and confesses to a little carelessness on the way home. Ambitious plans to sail from Ashlett were abandoned in view of the strong winds forecast and I gate-crashed the Poole rally instead. Having survived the trip back in a forecast 4 or 5 which turned into a recorded 6 gusting 7, and with an improving forecast, I felt ready to face the North Sea. But where to start? Ramsgate would be ideal but the launching fees at the marina are so outrageous (£31 each way!!) I decided on Sandwich instead. This is a much more Drascomby kind of place. The narrow slipway gives access to a muddy river fringed with reeds and it’s free – but only useable 2 hours either side of high water. I launched in the evening and left as early as possible in the morning. Apart from the shiny new Pfizer drugs factory, the river banks are mostly derelict with various abandoned quays, old sea walls and the occasional wreck. The rudder bounced over a few solid objects even in midstream with the echo sounder showing 5 or 6 feet. However, the lower river is very attractive with a large group of impassive seals, a huge flock of oystercatchers, many other birds and acres of marshes and golden sand. From Ramsgate the plan would have been to take the last of the flood tide south, inside the Goodwins, then the ebb east along the French coast. -
Intertek Moody Marine
INTERTEK MOODY MARINE Date: August 2012 Ref: 82140 Dutch Oyster Association Oyster Fishery Public Comment Draft Report Authors: A Hough, A Brand, Z Jager Jaap de Rooij Dutch Oyster Association Postbus 124 4400 AC Yerseke Netherlands Tel: +32 50674822 [email protected] Intertek Moody Marine Merlin House Stanier Way Wyvern Business Park Derby United Kingdom DE21 6BF Dutch Oyster Association Oyster Fishery Report page 1 V3 Contents Contents ................................................................................................................................. 2 1. Executive Summary .......................................................................................................... 3 2. Authorship and Peer Reviewers .......................................................................................... 5 3. Description of the Fishery ................................................................................................. 6 4. Evaluation Procedure ...................................................................................................... 34 5 Traceability ................................................................................................................... 37 6 Evaluation Results .......................................................................................................... 37 References ............................................................................................................................ 41 Appendices .......................................................................................................................... -
Bekkenrapport Veerse Meer 2000-2014 Ten Behoeve Van De Evaluatie Peilbesluit
Bekkenrapport Veerse Meer 2000-2014 ten behoeve van de Evaluatie Peilbesluit Bekkenrapport Veerse Meer 2000- 2014 ten behoeve van de Evaluatie Peilbesluit dr. T.C. Prins (red.) S.A. Vergouwen M.Sc. (red.) drs. A.J. Nolte dr. C.A. Schipper drs. F.A. Arts (Delta Project Management) drs. P. van Avesaath (NIOZ) dr. V. Escaravage (NIOZ) dr. MJ. de Kluijver (Stichting Zeeschelp) ing. M.C. Dubbeldam (Stichting Zeeschelp) 1220248-000 © Deltares, 2015, B Deltares Titel Bekkenrapport Veerse Meer 2000-2014 Opdrachtgever Project Kenmerk Pagina's Rijkswaterstaat Zee en Delta 1220248-000 1220248-000-ZKS-0010 134 Directie Netwerkmanagement District Zee en Delta Noord drs. E. Daemen Trefwoorden Veerse Meer, watersysteem, doorlaatmiddel, peilbesluit Samenvatting Dit rapport beschrijft de ontwikkelingen in waterkwaliteit en ecologie in het Veerse Meer in de periode 2000-2014. In die periode is de wateruitwisseling van het Veerse Meer met de Oosterschelde, vanaf 2004, sterk vergroot door de ingebruikname van het doorlaatmiddel in de Zandkreekdam, de Katse Heule. Met deze maatregel is de waterkwaliteit in het Veerse Meer sterk verbeterd door daling van de nutriëntenconcentraties en sterke afname van de fytoplankton- en zeesla-bloeien. Door de toename van de saliniteit na de ingebruikname van het doorlaatmiddel heeft het Veerse Meer een meer marien karakter gekregen, wat terug te zien is in de soortensamenstelling van wieren, bodemdieren, vissen en vogels. De toename in soortenaantal, diversiteit, dichtheden en biomassa van bodemdieren, die in de eerste jaren na de ingebruikname van het doorlaatmiddel optrad, heeft zich niet langs die lijn voortgezet. Er is een doorgaande verandering waarneembaar, waarbij de biomassa van schelpdieren lijkt af te nemen. -
Fresh and Salt Water in the Delta
PROJECT MSZD01 Fresh and salt water in the Fresh and delta salt water in the Delta Jeroen Veraart The South-western Delta consists of the estuaries of the rivers Rhine, Alterra Meuse and Scheldt. Interactions between sea, rivers and land are characteristic for the whole area. ARJEN DE VRIES Acacia Water HE AREA IS IMPORTANT as strategic fresh- Volkerak-Zoom lake. The unlimited fresh water water reservoir for the rural area to the availability created opportunities for the develop- Teast, for river-discharge regulation (peak ment of agriculture and drinking water supply, discharges of the Rhine-Meuse are diverted from thereby boosting economic development. the port of Rotterdam), for recreation (aquatic and cultural), aquaculture (shellfish, lobster, It has recently been decided to manage the Har- etc.), nature (especially relict intertidal areas), ingvliet sluices in such a way that a small fresh-sa- and as gateway to the port of Antwerp (West- line gradient is established (‘Kier besluit’), in order erschelde). While the Deltawerken are still an to reduce the current water-quality problems. In international icon for Dutch water management, the Krammer-Volkerak Zoommeer lake (especially current land-use and water-management plans algal blooms) it is an objective to restore estuarine put emphasis on their environmental impacts dynamics (i.e. a saline gradient) in the year 2015 (water quality), as well as prospected climate (the decision making process is on-going). change. Currently water management strate- gies and land-use plans are reconsidered in order Re-introduction of a saline-freshwater gradient in to minimize flood risks, optimize freshwater the Krammer-Volkerak Zoommeer may reduce the availability, reduce salinisation, and improve occurrence of algae blooms, but it reduces fresh- water quality and biodiversity, as most recently water availability for agriculture, drinking-water described in the National Water Plan (2008). -
Krammer, Volkerak, Hollands Diep, Dordtse Kil, Beneden Merwede, Waal
Autosteigers Nederland Krammer, Volkerak, Hollands diep, Dordtse Kil, Beneden Merwede, Waal Locatie Adres Plaats Krammersluis Krammersluis Bruinisse Volkeraksluis Zuid Hellegatsweg 16 Willemstad Volkeraksluis Noord Sluispad Noord Willemstad Moerdijk haven 't Gors Moerdijk 's-Gravendeel vluChthaven Kilweg 's-Gravendeel Werkendam BiesbosChhaven Noord Werkendam Gorinchem Eind Gorinchem Haaften Waalbandijk Haaften Stad Tiel Veerweg Tiel Ijzendoorn Waalbandijk 15 Ijzendoorn Weurt Westkanaaldijk Nijmegen Nijmegen Waalkade Waalkade Nijmegen Lobith Europakade Tolkamer Schelde-Rijnkanaal Tholen Schelderijnweg Tholen Bergen op Zoom Vermuidenweg 3 Bergen op Zoom Kreekraksluis Schelderijnweg 7 Rilland Kreekraksluis Oost Oost. SChelderijnweg Rilland Kreekraksluis West West. sChelderijnweg Rilland Amsterdam Rijnkanaal-Noordzeekanaal Tiel Prins Bernhardsluis Verlengde Spoorstraat 2 Tiel Ravenswaaij Prinses Marijkesluisweg Rijswijk Wijk bij Duurstede Broekweg Wijk bij Duurst. Nieuwegein Sluispad Nieuwegein Houten Overeindseweg 34 Nieuwegein UtreCht Kanaleneiland Rooseveltlaan 1116 UtreCht Lage weide Kernkade 36 UtreCht Breukelen Kanaaldijk oost Breukelen NigteveCht Kanaaldijk oost 2 NigteveCht Diemen Overdiemerdijk 21 Diemen Amsterdam Buiten IJ Zuider IJdijk Amsterdam Amsterdam Surinamekade Surinamekade 33 Amsterdam Amsterdam Binnen IJhaven Veemkade Amsterdam Amsterdam Centrum Westerdoksdijk Amsterdam Amsterdam Houthaven Ponsteiger Amsterdam Amsterdam Haparandadam Haparandadam 45 Amsterdam Amsterdam MerCuriushaven Nieuwe Hemweg Amsterdam Amsterdam Coenhaven -
Gebiedsvisie Veerse Meer 2020-2030
Gebiedsvisie Veerse Meer 2020-2030 Besluitvormingsnotitie Fase 1 Versie: 18 mei 2020 gemeente Goes gemeente Middelburg gemeente Noord-Beveland gemeente Veere provincie Zeeland Rijkswaterstaat Zee en Delta waterschap Scheldestromen Inhoudsopgave 1. Inleiding ......................................................................................................................................................... 3 2. Proces ............................................................................................................................................................ 6 2.1 Startnotitie ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Beoogd resultaat ............................................................................................................................................. 6 2.3 Een participatief proces ................................................................................................................................... 8 2.4 Planning .......................................................................................................................................................... 8 3. Voorlopig resultaat Fase 1 ......................................................................................................................... 13 3.1 Omgevingskwaliteiten .................................................................................................................................. -
Case Study of Flood Control in the Netherlands Natural Disasters Have
Case Study of Flood Control in the Netherlands Natural disasters have become much more violent, causing excessive damage to humankind. Among the most common and frequent natural disasters are inundations or floods. Many countries lack the capacity to deal with the destructive power of overflowing water, but the Netherlands has managed to exert control over its flooding situations. In fact, this small country is known for having the world’s best flood control system, in which advanced technologies and innovations have been integrated into the fight against inundations. The name Netherlands—meaning low countries—is befitting, since most of its landmass is below sea level. More than 60% of the country’s surface area are at risk of being inundated, including its international airport, which is 5 meters below mean sea level. The region that is now the Netherlands has dealt with floods for more than 2,000 years, but the Dutch have never given up. Their saying “God created the world but the Dutch created the Netherlands” is exemplary of their ability to cope with natural disasters. Flooded Area in the Absence of All Water Defences Safety Standard per Dike-Ring Area Water Defenses Images depicting the Netherland’s flood-risk area and flood control solutions During the historic North Sea Flood of 1953, the storm and sea waves of 16 feet obliterated the shorelines of Scotland, Belgium, England, and the Netherlands. Among over 2,000 casualties were 1,835 Dutch citizens, and more than 70,000 people were displaced. About 150,000 hectares of the surface area or 9% of the entire country was under water. -
Economic Valuation of Environmental and Resource Costs and Benefits in the Water Framework Directive: Technical Guidelines for Practitioners
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265287734 Economic Valuation of Environmental and Resource Costs and Benefits in the Water Framework Directive: Technical Guidelines for Practitioners Article · September 2009 CITATIONS READS 42 1,634 10 authors, including: Roy Brouwer David N. Barton University of Waterloo Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) 237 PUBLICATIONS 5,078 CITATIONS 121 PUBLICATIONS 2,357 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Ian J. Bateman Luke Brander University of Exeter Brander Environmental Economics 330 PUBLICATIONS 12,349 CITATIONS 95 PUBLICATIONS 3,726 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: MACBIO - Marine and Coastal Biodiversity Management in Pacific Island Countries View project The Value Base of Water Governance in the Upper Paraguay River Basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. View project All content following this page was uploaded by Julia Martin-Ortega on 17 December 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Economic Valuation of Environmental and Resource Costs and Benefits in the Water Framework Directive: Technical Guidelines for Practitioners Roy Brouwer, David Barton, Ian Bateman, Luke Brander, Stavros Georgiou, Julia Martín-Ortega, Stale Navrud, Manuel Pulido-Velazquez, Marije Schaafsma, Alfred Wagtendonk September 2009 2 Contact information AquaMoney Partners Colophon This report is part of the EU funded project AquaMoney, Development and Testing of Practical Guidelines for the Assessment of Environmental and Resource Costs and Benefits in the WFD, Contract no SSPI-022723. General Deliverable D23 Economic Valuation of Environmental and Resource Costs and Benefits in the Water Framework Directive: Technical Guidelines for Practitioners Deadline Month 42 Complete reference Brouwer, R., Barton, D.N., Bateman, I.J., Brander, L., Georgiou, S., Martín-Ortega, J., Pulido-Velazquez, M., Schaafsma, M.