Perseus Son of Zeus, Heroic Vanquisher of Hippodameia

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Perseus Son of Zeus, Heroic Vanquisher of Hippodameia Perseus Son of Zeus, heroic vanquisher of Hippodameia. the Gorgon Medusa. "And I expect every one of my King Acrisius of Argos was loyal subjects to contribute a gift warned by an oracle that he to the bride price," he said, would be killed in time by a son looking meaningfully at Perseus. born to his daughter Danae. So he "What have you to offer?" promptly locked Danae up in a tower and threw away the key. When Perseus did not answer But the god Zeus got in, right away, Polydectes went on: disguised as a shower of gold, "A team of horses? A chariot of with the result that Perseus was intricate devising? Or a coffer of born. So Acrisius straightaway gems perhaps?" stuck daughter and infant into a brazen chest and pushed it out to Perseus fidgeted uncomfortably. sea. Perhaps he expected it to "If it meant you'd leave my sink like a stone, but instead it mother alone, I'd gladly give you floated quite nicely, fetching up anything I owned - which on a beach on the island of unfortunately is precious little. Seriphos. Here a fisherman Horses, chariot, gems, you name named Dictys came upon the it - if I had 'em, they'd be yours. unusual bit of flotsam and The sweat of my brow, the gain adopted a protective attitude of my strong right arm, whatever. toward its contents. Thus Perseus I'd go out and run the marathon if had the advantage of a pure and they were holding the Olympics simple role model as he grew to this year. I'd scour the seas for young manhood. Then one day treasure, I'd quest to the ends of Dictys's brother, who happened the earth. Why, I'd even bring to be king in those parts, took a back the head of Medusa herself fancy to Danae and pressed his if I had it in my power." attentions upon her. Pausing for a breath against the "You leave my mother alone," pitch to which he'd worked insisted Perseus, clenching a not- himself up, Perseus was shocked insubstantial fist. And the king, to hear the silence snapped by a Polydectes by name, had no single "Done!" choice but to desist. Or, rather, he grew subtle in the means of "Come again?" he queried. achieving his desires. "You said you'd bring me "Okay, okay, don't get yourself Medusa's head," Polydectes into an uproar," he said to replied. "Well, I say fine - go do Perseus, though not perhaps in it." those exact words. He put it out that, instead, he planned to seek And so it was that Perseus set out the hand of another maiden, one one bright October morn in quest of the snake-infested, lolling- Titan, who pays eternally the tongued, boar's-tusked noggin of price of defying Zeus almighty." a Gorgon whose very glance had the power to turn the person Okay, okay, and where's this glanced upon to stone. Atlas? Clearly, then, Perseus had his "Why, that's simple enough - at work cut out for him. Fortunately the very western edge of the he had an ally in Athena. The world." goddess of crafts and war had her own reasons for wishing to see Before sending him off on this the Gorgon vanquished, so she tangled path, Athena lent Perseus was eager to advise Perseus. her mirrored shield and suggested Why, exactly, Athena had it in how he make use of it. And while for Medusa is not entirely clear. her directions were somewhat The likeliest explanation is that deficient as to particulars, the Gorgon, while still a beautiful Perseus did indeed track down young maiden, had profaned one Atlas, who grudgingly nodded in of Athena's temples. For this the direction of a nearby cave sacrilege Athena turned her into a where, sure enough, he found the monster, but apparently this Graeae. Perseus had heard the wasn't punishment enough. Now version of the myth whereby Athena wanted Medusa's head to these Sisters, though gray-haired decorate her own shield, to from infancy and sadly lacking in magnify its power by the the eyeball department, were as Gorgon's terrible gaze. Athena lovely as young swans. But he told Perseus where he could find was disappointed to find himself the special equipment needed for taking part in the version that had his task. them as ugly as ogres. Nor was their disposition any cause for "Seek ye the nymphs who guard delight. the helmet of invisibility," she counseled the young hero. Sure, they knew where the nymphs did dwell, but that was, And where, Perseus inquired, in a manner of speaking, theirs to might he find these nymphs? know and his to find out. With cranky cackles and venomous "Ask the Gray Sisters, the vim, they told him just what he Graeae, born hags with but a could do with his quest. But the single eye in common. They hero had a trick or two up his know - if they'll tell you." sleeve, and by seizing that which by virtue of its scarcity and And where were the Graeae? indispensability they valued above all else, he made them tell "Ask him who holds the heavens him what he wanted to know on his back - Atlas, renegade about the location of the water nymphs. pool, he broke the heart of the nymph who dwelled therein, who At this point Perseus might have was condemned only to repeat paused to consider the extent to Narcissus's sighs and murmurs which his quest was akin to like an echo. In fact, Echo was computer adventure gaming. For her name. And thus when the starters, there was the essential handsome youth Hylas strayed business of bringing back - as in while fetching water for his Jason "bringing back" the Golden shipmates on the Argo, some Fleece to Colchis where, in the nymphs at the water hole were so form of a flying ram, it had carted smitten that they yanked him off a young maiden and her beneath the surface to dwell with brother on the point of sacrifice. them forever - much to the How remarkably similar to a despair of Heracles, whose squire gamer acquiring a particularly he was. hard-sought icon for his or her inventory. Or so Perseus might One version of the Perseus myth have reflected had he been born holds that the naiads he sought in the era of compact discs and were special indeed, having as read-only memory. And then, in their domain the dark and lifeless furtherance of his Medusa quest, waters of the river Styx, in the there was the laundry list of other deepest Underworld. They were "inventory" that had to be also reputed to have such bad acquired first, beginning with the personal habits that they could be shield with the mirrored surface smelled from a great distance. and the helmet of invisibility. Such is perhaps understandable given the dubious cleansing Some versions of the myth have powers of a river in Hell. it that the water nymphs in question were pretty much garden At length Perseus found the variety. Properly referred to as nymphs and got the gear. This naiads, they were minor deities of consisted of the helmet of a far-less-than Olympian order, invisibility, winged sandals and a mildly powerful in their own special pouch for carrying limited way, but not even Medusa's head once he'd chopped immortal, and confined in their it off. Medusa would retain the scope of operation to a given power of her gaze even in death, body of water. For just as dryads and it was vital to hide the head are fairy creatures attached to unless occasion called for trees, and Nereids are ocean- whipping it out and using it on going, naiads are nymphs that some enemy. live in ponds and pools. The god Hermes also helped out Thus when the handsome youth at this point, providing Perseus Narcissus fell in love with his with a special cutting implement, own reflection in the surface of a a sword or sickle of adamant. Some add that it was Hermes, not Medusa, though most versions of the nymphs, who provided the the myth have it that it was the winged sandals. Thus Perseus power of her gaze that counted.) was equipped - one might even say overequipped - for his task. Entering, then, somewhat In fact, a careful examination of unglamorously into the fray - if the hero's inventory leads to the "fray" is the right word to suspicion that we are presented describe a battle against a here with a case of mythological sleeping opponent - Perseus overkill. whacked Medusa's head off. At just that instant, the winged horse A quick escape would be Pegasus, offspring of Medusa and essential after slaying Medusa, the god Poseidon, was born from since she had two equally the bleeding neck. Then Perseus monstrous sisters who would be donned his special getaway gear sure to avenge her murder, and and departed victoriously before they had wings of gold or brass Medusa's sisters could take their which would bear them in swift revenge. Though these sisters pursuit of the killer. So at least were immortal, Medusa clearly the winged sandals were a good was not. She died when her head idea. But if this supernatural was severed, which required the appliance guaranteed the swiftest special cutting implement given of escapes, why bother with a to Perseus by Hermes. helmet of invisibility, which made it just about impossible for Even in death Medusa's gaze the Gorgons to find you even if could turn things to stone, so you didn't deign to hurry away? Perseus quickly stored his trophy Because it makes for a better in the special sack provided by myth, that's why.
Recommended publications
  • Coexistence of Mythological and Historical Elements
    COEXISTENCE OF MYTHOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL ELEMENTS AND NARRATIVES: ART AT THE COURT OF THE MEDICI DUKES 1537-1609 Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 3 Greek and Roman examples of coexisting themes ........................................................................ 6 1. Cosimo’s Triumphal Propaganda ..................................................................................................... 7 Franco’s Battle of Montemurlo and the Rape of Ganymede ........................................................ 8 Horatius Cocles Defending the Pons Subicius ................................................................................. 10 The Sacrificial Death of Marcus Curtius ........................................................................................... 13 2. Francesco’s parallel narratives in a personal space .............................................................. 16 The Studiolo ................................................................................................................................................ 16 Marsilli’s Race of Atalanta ..................................................................................................................... 18 Traballesi’s Danae .................................................................................................................................... 21 3. Ferdinando’s mythological dream ...............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hesiod Theogony.Pdf
    Hesiod (8th or 7th c. BC, composed in Greek) The Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are probably slightly earlier than Hesiod’s two surviving poems, the Works and Days and the Theogony. Yet in many ways Hesiod is the more important author for the study of Greek mythology. While Homer treats cer- tain aspects of the saga of the Trojan War, he makes no attempt at treating myth more generally. He often includes short digressions and tantalizes us with hints of a broader tra- dition, but much of this remains obscure. Hesiod, by contrast, sought in his Theogony to give a connected account of the creation of the universe. For the study of myth he is im- portant precisely because his is the oldest surviving attempt to treat systematically the mythical tradition from the first gods down to the great heroes. Also unlike the legendary Homer, Hesiod is for us an historical figure and a real per- sonality. His Works and Days contains a great deal of autobiographical information, in- cluding his birthplace (Ascra in Boiotia), where his father had come from (Cyme in Asia Minor), and the name of his brother (Perses), with whom he had a dispute that was the inspiration for composing the Works and Days. His exact date cannot be determined with precision, but there is general agreement that he lived in the 8th century or perhaps the early 7th century BC. His life, therefore, was approximately contemporaneous with the beginning of alphabetic writing in the Greek world. Although we do not know whether Hesiod himself employed this new invention in composing his poems, we can be certain that it was soon used to record and pass them on.
    [Show full text]
  • 2014.Axx Barbantani, Mother of Snakes and Kings
    Histos () – MOTHER OF SNAKES AND KINGS: APOLLONIUS RHODIUS’ FOUNDATION OF ALEXANDRIA* Abstract: Of all the lost Foundation Poems attributed to Apollonius Rhodius, active at the court of Ptolemy II, the Ktisis of Alexandria must have been the most important for his contemporaries, and surely is the most intriguing for modern scholars of the Hellenistic world. Unfortunately, only a brief mention of this epyllion survives, in a scholion to Nicander’s Theriaka , relating to the birth of poisonous snakes from the severed head of Medusa, carried by Perseus over Libya . Deadly and benign serpents belong to a multi- cultural symbolic imagery intertwined with the Greek, Macedonian, Egyptian and Jewish origins of the city. This paper explores the possible connections of the only episode preserved from Apollonius’ Ktisis with the most ancient known traditions on the foundation of Alexandria —possibly even created at the time of Alexander or of the first Lagid dynasts, Ptolemy I and II. And I wished he would come back, my snake. For he seemed to me again like a king, Like a king in exile, uncrowned in the underworld, Now due to be crowned again. D. H. Lawrence , Snake (Taormina, ) Introduction pollonius of Rhodes is credited with a certain number of Foundation poems in hexameters, namely on Alexandria, Naucratis, Caunus, ACnidus, Rhodes and, possibly, Lesbos. The epic poem Argonautica is Apollonius’ only work which has survived through direct tradition, and the only one mentioned in the biographical sources, while his Κτίσεις are only known through short quotations and summaries by different ancient authors * The research on Apollonius’ Κτίσεις began in , when I was asked to edit the fragments for FGrHist IV, ed.
    [Show full text]
  • Hercules, Heracles, Herakles
    Ms. Lardas/Mrs. Despines/Mrs. Rentschler February 2013 Hercules, Heracles, Herakles Print Books that may be helpful are located on a cart. These books will not be checked out of the library so that everyone has fair access to them. General encyclopedias may be helpful. They are located near the computers at the front of the library. eBooks USC High School’s FollettShelf eBooks: Go to the high school web site and click on the LIBRARY tab, or go the the USCHS Library class in Blended Schools. Notice that there is a link to the Quick Reference Guide for the Follett Digital Reader to help you navigate through the ebook. Click onto the FOLLETTSHELF icon. User name: uschs password: panther Click onto The Facts on File encyclopedia of world mythology and legend. Click the OPEN BOOK link. After you are done reading the book, you must go to the top left of toolbar and click the FOLLETT SHELF ICON. On the next screen, click CLOSE TITLE. 1 POWER Library Database---eBooks from EBSCOhost From STUDENT LINKS, click POWER Library. Under LITERATURE click eBooks on EBSCO Type the title of your work in the FIND bar. If necessary, make sure to select FULL TEXT. For home access: Go to STUDENT LINKS or go to the Township Library’s web page http://www.twpusc.org/library/index.html o You will need the barcode number from your TOWNSHIP LIBRARY CARD! o On the right-hand side of the screen, click onto ONLINE DATABASES. Click POWER LIBRARY under “Databases by Subject,” or “General Reference.” o Follow the directions and enter the barcode number on your Township Library card.
    [Show full text]
  • Hamilton's Perseus.Pdf
    .; I CHAPTER I Perseus This story is on the level of the fairy story. Hermes and Atherw. act like the fairy godmother in Cinderella. The magi- cal wallet and cap belong to the properties fairy tales abound in everywhere. It is the only myth in which magic plays a decisive part, and it seems to have been a great favorite in Greece. Many poets allude to it. The description of Danae in the wooden chest was the most famous passage of a fa- mous poem by Simonides of Ceos, a great lyr'ic poet who lived in the sixth century. The entire story is told by both Ovid and Apollodorus. The latter, probably a hundred years later than Ovid, is here the superior of the two. His account is simple and stmightforward; OvicI s extremely verbose- for instance, he takes a hundred lines to kill the sea serpent. I have followed Apollodorus, but I have added the fragment from Simonides, and short quotations from other poets, no- tably IIesiod and Pirular. ING ACRISIUS of Argos had only one child, a daugh- Kter, Danae. She was beautiful above all the other women of the land, but this was small comfort to the King for not having a son. He journeyed to Delphi to ask the god if there was any hope that some day he would be the father 198 Mythology Perseus 199 of a boy. The priestess told him no, and added what was boy's life was a terrible danger to his own. He was afraid to far worse: that his daughter would have a son who would kill him for the same reason that had kept him from killing kill him.
    [Show full text]
  • Greek Mythology: Heroes
    Greek Mythology: Heroes Baldwin’s Mythology Heroes ● Odysseus ● Heracles (Hercules) ● Jason ● Theseus ● Achilles ● Perseus Odysseus ● Legendary Hero in Greek Mythology ● King of the island of Ithaca and the protagonist in Homer’s epic The Odyssey ● It all started over a woman... Odysseus (continued) ● Odysseus was one of the suitors that wanted to marry Helen, step-daughter of king Tyndareus of Sparta. However, there suitors, so they drew straws. As a result, Menelaus drew the lucky straw, while Odysseus married Penelope. ● Helen was abducted by Prince Paris of Troy, so all suitors were summoned to help Menelaus in his quest to bring her back. ● After the Greeks reached Troy and the war started, Odysseus played a particularly influential role as an advisor. He maintained the morale of the Greeks in a high level and managed to keep everyone sane. Odysseus (continued) ● Odysseus was most famous in the war for his contribution to create the Trojan Horse, a huge wooden horse that was supposed to be a gift to the Trojans by the retreating Greeks. The Trojans accepted the gift joyfully and started celebrating around it. When the night fell and everyone was drunk, the Greek warriors, who had hidden in the hollow body of the horse, revealed themselves and slew the Trojans, winning the war. Hercules ● Heracles (or Hercules) is best known as the strongest of all mortals, and even stronger than many gods. ● He was the last mortal son of Zeus, and the only man born of a mortal woman to become a god upon his death. ● Terrible things happened to him because of Hera's hatred, a hatred that he was not responsible for.
    [Show full text]
  • Heroic Pattern Chart Perseus King Arthur
    HEROIC PATTERN CHART PERSEUS THESEUS HERCULES KING ARTHUR PROPHECY Will kill grandfather, Oracle to Aegeus not to Tiresias confirms that Would become King of Acrisius open wineskin Father is Zeus, and that England Heracles will be immortal UNUSUAL Zeus as liquid stream of Aegeus drunk & Poseidon Zeus stops the sun for Uther visits Ygraine BIRTH/ gold also involved three days to sleep with disguised as her husband; Alcmene, disguised as her at birth, handed over to CONCEPTION husband Merlin PRECOCIOUS Sent to sea in a chest/ Raised by single mom; Super-strong: survives Raised by a foster family CHILDHOOD rescued by Zeus/ attacks Herculesʼ lion skin being abandoned in a field; (Ector) in Wales Foster-child at 7 years old kills 2 snakes in his crib CALL TO King Polydectesʼ At 15, mother reveals his Eurystheus calls on him to Pulls sword from stone at a ADVENTURE challenge to get him out true identity; he takes on complete his Labours. tournament of the way his fatherʼs gifts and (Initial refusal) heads to Athens to claim his birthright. QUEST The Medusaʼs head Free the Athenians from 10-12 Labours (two didnʼt Create the Round Table— the curse of the Minotaur count) unify England; ultimately they embark on the Quest for the Holy Grail HELPERS/GIFTS Athena & Hermes in Father leaves sword & Childhood lessons by Merlinʼs magic; disguise; objects: pair of sandals; experts (bow, wrestling, All his knights winged sandals, leather Ariadne gives him ball of etc.) bag, helmet of thread to get out of the Iolaus helps with the invisibility; sickle- Labyrinth Hydra; Athenaʼs rattles, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Myth Made Fact Lesson 7: Perseus with Dr
    Myth Made Fact Lesson 7: Perseus with Dr. Louis Markos Outline: The four greatest heroes of Greek mythology: Perseus Jason Theseus Hercules Setting Hesiod was a contemporary of Homer, late 8th century. Hesiod lived in Greece as a farmer. The four ages of man: o Golden Age: Live close to nature, close to the gods, and close to ourselves, a world before greed, before man cut open the earth for rare metals to kill each other o Silver Age: long youth that was happy, but they became violent and foolish and they were hidden under the earth o Bronze Age: men were warlike and fierce o Iron Age: this is the current age, far away from the Golden Age, we’ve lost a sense of shame and piety, we’ve lost our center and our balance o This concept is ubiquitous, that we are falling away. Hesiod adds a fifth age between the Bronze and Iron, and he calls it the age of heroes. There is almost a rebirth of the Golden Age with soldiers who fight for honor. This is when basically all of Greek mythology takes place (1500 BC – 1150 BC). o The Trojan War is the end of the Golden Age. o Every Greek tragedy takes place during that Golden Age, except a play about the Persian War, which is written as though the Persian war is taken place in a mythic Golden Age. Perseus Perseus is the son of Zeus. Acrisios heard a prophecy that Danae will give birth to a child who will kill him, so he locks Danae in a tower.
    [Show full text]
  • Homer's Use of Myth Françoise Létoublon
    Homer’s Use of Myth Françoise Létoublon Epic and Mythology The Homeric Epics are probably the oldest Greek literary texts that we have,1 and their subject is select episodes from the Trojan War. The Iliad deals with a short period in the tenth year of the war;2 the Odyssey is set in the period covered by Odysseus’ return from the war to his homeland of Ithaca, beginning with his departure from Calypso’s island after a 7-year stay. The Trojan War was actually the material for a large body of legend that formed a major part of Greek myth (see Introduction). But the narrative itself cannot be taken as a mythographic one, unlike the narrative of Hesiod (see ch. 1.3) - its purpose is not to narrate myth. Epic and myth may be closely linked, but they are not identical (see Introduction), and the distance between the two poses a particular difficulty for us as we try to negotiate the the mythological material that the narrative on the one hand tells and on the other hand only alludes to. Allusion will become a key term as we progress. The Trojan War, as a whole then, was the material dealt with in the collection of epics known as the ‘Epic Cycle’, but which the Iliad and Odyssey allude to. The Epic Cycle however does not survive except for a few fragments and short summaries by a late author, but it was an important source for classical tragedy, and for later epics that aimed to fill in the gaps left by Homer, whether in Greek - the Posthomerica of Quintus of Smyrna (maybe 3 c AD), and the Capture of Troy of Tryphiodoros (3 c AD) - or in Latin - Virgil’s Aeneid (1 c BC), or Ovid’s ‘Iliad’ in the Metamorphoses (1 c AD).
    [Show full text]
  • The Heroes PREFACE MY DEAR CHILDREN
    The Heroes PREFACE MY DEAR CHILDREN, Some of you have heard already of the old Greeks; and all of you, as you grow up, will hear more and more of them. Those of you who are boys will, perhaps, spend a great deal of time in reading Greek books; and the girls, though they may not learn Greek, will be sure to come across a great many stories taken from Greek history, and to see, I may say every day, things which we should not have had if it had not been for these old Greeks. You can hardly find a well-written book which has not in it Greek names, and words, and proverbs; you cannot walk through a great town without passing Greek buildings; you cannot go into a well-furnished room without seeing Greek statues and ornaments, even Greek patterns of furniture and paper; so strangely have these old Greeks left their mark behind them upon this modern world in which we now live. And as you grow up, and read more and more, you will find that we owe to these old Greeks the beginners of all our mathematics and geometry - that is, the science and knowledge of numbers, and of the shapes of things, and of the forces which make things move and stand at rest; and the beginnings of our geography and astronomy; and of our laws, and freedom, and politics - that is, the science of how to rule a country, and make it peaceful and strong. And we owe to them, too, the beginning of our logic - that is, the study of words and of reasoning; and of our metaphysics - that is, the study of our own thoughts and souls.
    [Show full text]
  • Perseus, the Maiden Medusa, and the Imagery of Abduction
    HESPERIA 76 (2007) PERSEUS, THE MAIDEN Pages 73-ios MEDUSA, AND THE IMAGERY OF ABDUCTION ABSTRACT on Classical the author that the of Focusing red-figure vases, argues appearance the beautiful Medusa, which has been explained previously as an evolutionary development from the monstrous Archaic type, is determined by discursive context rather than by chronology. Painters used the beautiful Gorgon to certain about Perseus's it is not clear convey messages victory, though always whether she ismeant to evoke humor or pathos. The author further shows that Medusa's death was figured as a perversion of the erotic abductions common s to many Greek myths, and points out the beautiful Gorgon affinities with as abducted maidens such Persephone, Thetis, and Helen. on Among the events depicted the Pseudo-Hesiodic shield of Herakles is scene the flight of Perseus from Medusas sisters.1 The poet renders the in unforgettably vivid terms: Tai ?? uet' ccutov Topyovec ccttatito? xe koci on (paxal eppcoovio ??peva? uocTc?eiv. etc! ?? %?copou ??auocvxo? on 1. For useful suggestions drafts ?awouaecov ??%eoK? gcxko? juey?Acoopuuay?q) of this article, I thank Hedreen, Guy Kai em ?? Laurialan Reitzammer, Albert Hen ?c^?a ?ay?co?/ ?covpoi ?pcxKovxe ?OIG) richs, and the two anonymous Hes ?7Ul?)p?UVT' ?7UK\)pTG)OVT? Kapnva. reviewers. I am also to xco peria grateful Atxjia?ov ?' apa y?* p?v?i ?' ?x?paaaov o?ovxa? and to Melissa Haynes audiences ?ypia ?Epicopivco. ?nl ?? ?Eivo?ai Kapf|voi? at and Harvard Rutgers University Topy??oi? ??ov??TO p?ya? Oo?oc. University for their advice and sug and to the of gestions, Department And after him rushed the Gorgons, unapproachable and unspeakable, at Classics Harvard University, which as longing to seize him: they trod upon the pale adamant, the shield covered the cost of the illustrations.
    [Show full text]
  • Perseus & Phineus / Ricci
    J. Paul Getty Museum Education Department Gods, Heroes and Monsters Curriculum Information and Questions for Teaching Perseus Confronting Phineus..., Sebastiano Ricci Perseus Confronting Phineus with the Head of Medusa Sebastiano Ricci Italian, about 1705–1710 Oil on canvas 25 3/16 x 30 5/16 in. 86.PA.591 In Greek mythology, the hero Perseus was famous for killing Medusa, the snake-haired Gorgon whose grotesque appearance turned men to stone. This painting, however, shows a later episode from the hero's life. At Perseus's wedding, the celebration was interrupted by a mob led by Phineus, an unsuccessful suitor to his fiancé Andromeda. After a fierce battle, Perseus warned his allies to turn away their eyes while he revealed the head of Medusa to his enemies. In the midst of battle, Phineus and his cohorts are turned to stone. Ricci depicted the fight as a forceful, vigorous battle. In the center, Perseus lunges forward, his muscles taut as he shoves the head of Medusa at Phineus and his men. One man holds up a shield, trying to reflect the horrendous image and almost losing his balance. Behind him, soldiers already turned to stone are frozen in mid-attack. All around, other men have fallen and are dead or dying. Ricci used strong diagonals and active poses to suggest energetic movement. About the Artist Sebastiano Ricci (Italian, 1659–1734) One of the principal figures in the revival of Venetian painting in the 1700s, Sebastiano Ricci came from a noted family of artists. After formal artistic training in Venice, he traveled widely, working in Vienna, London, and Paris.
    [Show full text]