DOCSLIB.ORG

Lower Churchill Hydroelectric Generation Project

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lower Churchill Hydroelectric Generation Project Lower Churchill Hydroelectric Generation Project A description of the proposed project and its potential effects on the environment Nipishish Nipishish Lake Lake Red WineRed River Wine River SmallwoodSmallwood Reservoir Reservoir Grand GrandLake Lake NorthNorth West West ChurchillChurchill Falls Falls River River SheshatshiuSheshatshiu ChurchillChurchill Falls Falls GeneratingGenerating Station Station HappyHappy Valley Valley - - GooseGoose Bay Bay Mud LakeMud Lake MuskratMuskrat Falls Falls Site Site r r Wi Wi e e no no v v kapauk Laapkaeu Lake i i R R u u m m a a n n Gull IslandGull Island e e K K Site Site ChurchillChurchill River River QUEBECQUEBEC DominionDominion Lake Lake MinipiMinipi InterconnectingInterconnecting Transmission Transmission Line Line Lake Lake LABRADORLABRADOR Lower ChurchillLower Churchill River Valley River Area Valley Area Lower ChurchillLower Churchill Watershed Watershed QUE BE CQUE BE C INSET INSET 0 0 25 25 50 50 KilometresKilometres Nipishish Nipishish Lake Lake Red WineRed River Wine River SmallwoodSmallwood Reservoir Reservoir Grand GrandLake Lake NorthNorth West West ChurchillChurchill Falls Falls River River SheshatshiuSheshatshiu ChurchillChurchill Falls Falls GeneratingGenerating Station Station HappyHappy Valley Valley - - Conceptual Illustration of the Muskrat Falls Generation Station GooseGoose Bay Bay Mud LakeMud Lake MuskratMuskrat Falls Falls Site Site r r Wi Wi e e no no v v kapauk Laapkaeu Lake i i R R u u m m a a n n Gull IslandGull Island e e K K Site Site ChurchillChurchill River River QUEBECQUEBEC DominionDominion Lake Lake MinipiMinipi InterconnectingInterconnecting Transmission Transmission Line Line Lake Lake LABRADORLABRADOR Lower ChurchillLower Churchill River Valley River Area Valley Area Lower ChurchillLower Churchill Watershed Watershed QUE BE CQUE BE C INSET INSET 0 0 25 25 50 50 KilometresKilometres Conceptual Illustration of the Gull Island Generation Station Nalcor has written this Plain Language Summary, which provides a short description of the Project, and describes how the Project will affect the environment. It also explains what Nalcor plans to do if it receives approval from the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador and the Government of Canada to build the Project. The summary is available in: English, French, Innu-aimun (Labrador and Quebec dialects), Naskapi and Inuttitut. Table of Contents Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1 Consultation ......................................................................................................... 5 Need and Benefits of The Project......................................................................... 7 The Project ........................................................................................................... 9 Dams And Reservoirs ................................................................................................ 9 Generation Facilities ...............................................................................................10 Spillway ...................................................................................................................11 Transmission Line ....................................................................................................11 Other Facilities ........................................................................................................12 Building The Project ........................................................................................... 13 Generation Facilities Construction ..........................................................................14 Reservoir Clearing And Filling ................................................................................14 Transmission Line ....................................................................................................15 Rehabilitation ..........................................................................................................15 Operating and Maintaining The Project ............................................................. 16 Environmental Assessment ................................................................................ 17 Natural and Human Environment Today ............................................................ 20 Climate ....................................................................................................................20 The River .................................................................................................................21 Plants .......................................................................................................................22 Wildlife ....................................................................................................................22 Economic Development ..........................................................................................23 Adjacent Communities ...........................................................................................23 Land And Resources Use ........................................................................................24 Cultural And Heritage Resources ............................................................................25 Effects of The Project on The Natural and Human Environment ......................... 26 Climate ....................................................................................................................27 The River .................................................................................................................28 Plants .......................................................................................................................31 Wildlife ....................................................................................................................32 Economic Development ..........................................................................................35 Adjacent Communities ...........................................................................................36 Land and Resources Use .........................................................................................37 Cultural and Heritage Resources ............................................................................38 Monitoring and Follow-Up ................................................................................. 39 Conclusions ........................................................................................................ 40 Introduction Nalcor Energy (Nalcor) is a company owned by the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Nalcor is proposing to build the Lower Churchill Hydroelectric Generation Project (the Project) on the lower Churchill River in Labrador. The purpose of the Project is to generate electricity. The Project will involve building power generation facilities and dams at two locations, creating two reservoirs, and building transmission lines between the two facilities and to existing transmission lines at Churchill Falls. Nalcor is committed to providing safe, reliable and dependable electricity to its customers and is committed to helping sustain a diverse and healthy environment for present and future generations. It shows this commitment by doing its business in a As part of the Project planning, Nalcor way that respects the environment, such as is committed to avoiding and minimizing avoiding pollution, doing things in ways that harm to the environment, and enhancing cause as little damage to the environment the benefits of the Project. Nalcor will do as possible, and following all environmental this in a number of ways. These include: laws and regulations. • meeting regulatory requirements Before construction starts, Nalcor will prepare for environmental protection; Environmental Protection Plans that workers • designing and implementing the will be required to follow. These Plans will Project so that it avoids or reduces provide detailed instructions explaining how potential environmental effects; and work is to be done so that the environment • designing the Project so that is protected. it enhances positive effects. 1 Introduction Nalcor cannot build the Project unless it receives approval from both the Government of Canada, and the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. To receive approval Nalcor must first go through a review of the Project. This process is called an environmental assessment. The environmental assessment process started in December 2006, when Nalcor submitted the Project Registration/Description Document to the governments. The governments then decided that the Project should be reviewed by a Joint Review Panel. The Joint Review Panel is a group of people who were chosen by the governments but act independently to examine the environmental effects of the Project, determine how those effects can be mitigated, and consider comments from government departments, aboriginal groups, non governmental organizations and the general public. The governments also issued Environmental Impact Statement Guidelines which provided instructions for what to include in the Environmental Impact Statement. 2 Introduction Nalcor prepared an Environmental Impact Statement which provides the information the governments need to decide if the Project should be allowed to proceed. The Environmental Impact Statement was provided to the Joint Review Panel and released for public review in February 2009. The Environmental
Load more

Recommended publications
  • North American Megadam Resistance Alliance
    North American Megadam Resistance Alliance May 18, 2020 Christopher Lawrence U.S. Department of Energy Management and Program Analyst Transmission Permitting and Technical Assistance Office of Electricity Christopher.Lawrence.hq.doe.gov Re: Comments on DOE Docket No. PP-362-1: Champlain Hudson Power Express, Inc. and CHPE, LLC: Application to Rescind Presidential Permit and Application for Presidential Permit Dear Mr. Lawrence, The Sierra Club Atlantic Chapter and North American Megadam Resistance Alliance submit these comments on the above-referenced application of Champlain Hudson Power Express, Inc. (CHPEI) and CHPE, LLC (together, the Applicants) to transfer to CHPE, LLC ownership of the facilities owned by CHPEI and authorized for cross-border electric power transmission via a high voltage direct current line (the Project) by Presidential Permit No. PP- 362, dated October 6, 2014 (PP-362 or the Permit) .1 The Project is being developed by TDI, a Blackstone portfolio company. www.transmissiondevelopers.com Blackstone is a private investment firm with about $500 billion under management. www.blackstone.com The Sierra Club Atlantic Chapter, headquartered Albany New York, is responsible for the Sierra Club’s membership and activities in New York State and works on a variety of environmental issues. The Sierra Club is a national environmental organization founded in 1892. 1 On April 6, 2020, the Applicants requested that the Department of Energy (DOE) amend, or in the alternative, rescind and reissue PP-362 to enable the transfer of the Permit from CHPEI to its affiliate CHPE, LLC (the Application). On April 16, 2020, the Department of Energy (DOE) issued a Notice of “Application to Rescind Presidential Permit; Application for Presidential Permit; Champlain Hudson Power Express, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Study of the George River Watershed (Nunavik, Québec) Impacts of Climate and Societal Changes
    Environmental study of the George River watershed (Nunavik, Québec) Impacts of climate and societal changes Dedieu J.P. 1*, Franssen J. 2, Monfette M. 2, Herrmann T.M. 2, MacMillan G.A. 3, Grant E. 3, Amyot M. 3, Lévesque E. 4, Housset J. 4, Gérin-Lajoie J. 4, Dubois G. 4, Bayle A. 5, Snowball H. 6 (Photo M. Monfette, 2017) 1 IGE-CNRS / Université Grenoble-Alpes, France 4 Dept Environmental Science – Université du Québec à Trois Rivières, Québec, Canada 2 Dept Geography – Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada 5 LECA-CNRS / Université Grenoble Alpes, France 3 Dept Biological Sciences – Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada 6 The Northern village of Kangiqsualujjuaq, Québec, Canada International Symposium of LabEx DRIIHM Inter-Disciplinary Research Facility on Human-Environment Interactions - ANR-11-LABX-0010 October 7th-9th, 2019 – ENS Lyon (France) OUTLINE Background Scientific application and results • A climate change and societal evolution context • Water quality and chemistry (contaminants) • Research in Nunavik digest • Ecological study (Arctic greening) • Interactive mapping (CBEM) Motivation Conclusions and outlook • OHMI-Nunavik and Imalirijiit project design • Take home message International Symposium of LabEx DRIIHM 2 Inter-Disciplinary Research Facility on Human-Environment Interactions - ANR-11-LABX-0010 October 7th-9th, 2019 – ENS Lyon (France) Background Climate trends • A worrying context for Arctic and Subarctic regions : Since 2000, Arctic surface air T° increased at more than double the global average. Winter (January-March) near-surface temperature positive anomalies of +6°C (relative to 1981-2010) recorded in the central Arctic during both 2016 and 2018. Tomorrow (2050): +4-7°C mean annual year T° in the Arctic Winter pan-Canadian temperatures, long-term-trend 1948-2016 Source : Summary Report, Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC), IPCC, Sept 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • IR# JRP.166 Downstream Effects Below Muskrat Falls INFORMATION REQUESTS RESPONSES| LOWER CHURCHILL HYDROELECTRIC GENERATION PROJECT
    IR# JRP.166 Downstream Effects below Muskrat Falls INFORMATION REQUESTS RESPONSES| LOWER CHURCHILL HYDROELECTRIC GENERATION PROJECT Requesting Organization – Joint Review Panel Information Request No.: JRP.166 Subject – Downstream Effects below Muskrat Falls References: EIS Guidelines, Section 4.5.1 (Environmental Effects General) Related Comments / Information Requests: IR # JRP.43, IR # JRP.149, IR # JRP.153 Information Requested: a. Nalcor hydrology studies indicate the Churchill River exerts a strong influence on the estuarine regime in Goose Bay and concerns have been expressed by a number of participants regarding the downstream effects of the Project. Explain the specific criteria used in Nalcor's response to Information Request (IR) JRP.43 to predict no measurable effect on downstream total phosphorus and total suspended solids, transport distances, fish productivity, salinity, velocity and thermal profiles from Goose Bay to Lake Melville, ice dynamics, ringed and harbour seal use of Lake Melville, bank stability, fish habitat utilization and fish migration. Identify whether and how these predictions apply to the period of reservoir impoundment, and the post‐impoundment transitional period before water quality stabilizes. Response: The influence of the lower Churchill River freshwater hydrology on Goose Bay and Lake Melville is recognized by Nalcor Energy (Nalcor) and has been central to limiting downstream effects to the extent possible. The minimal change in flow regime below Muskrat Falls as a result of the Project as described in IR# JRP.43, IR# JRP.149 and IR# JRP.153 mitigates most potential effects in terms of changes in salinity, circulation/current influenced by freshwater flows of the Churchill River, shoreline erosion (due to changes in water levels), tributary access, fish movements, habitat utilization and transportation distances.
    [Show full text]
  • ARTICLE Having Covered Over 8700 Km Including 1600 Km on Foot, Over 4700 Km in Canoe, 800 Km by Dog Team and 1600 Km by Steam- Er
    GEOSCIENCE CANADA Volume 45 2018 43 ARTICLE having covered over 8700 km including 1600 km on foot, over 4700 km in canoe, 800 km by dog team and 1600 km by steam- er. The report from the expedition provides a compendium on the natural history of the region as well as the first geological maps. In terms of economic and scientific results, the greatest was documentation of the vast iron ore deposits of western Labrador; a world-class mining district that has been produc- ing for sixty-three years since 1954. Low’s account also pro- vides details on the essence of such an epic journey, which stands as a classic in the annals of Canadian geological survey- ing. RÉSUMÉ En 1893–1894, Albert Peter Low de la Commission géologique du Canada, accompagné du D.I.V. Eaton et quatre assistants autochtones ont exploré la péninsule du Labrador, Albert Peter Low in Labrador– alors perçue comme l'une des dernières grandes étendues A Tale of Iron and Irony sauvages inexplorées d’Amérique du Nord. L’équipe a quitté le Lake St. John (aujourd'hui le lac Saint-Jean) le 17 juin 1893, a traversé la bordure nord-est du continent nord-américain en Derek H.C. Wilton canoë, et est arrivé à Fort Chimo (aujourd'hui Kuujjuaq) le 27 août 1893. À l'automne de 1893, ils ont quitté Fort Chimo à Department of Earth Sciences bord d'un vapeur pour Rigolet, sur la côte du Labrador, et le Memorial University of Newfoundland poste de la Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson sur la rivière St.
    [Show full text]
  • Death and Life for Inuit and Innu
    skin for skin Narrating Native Histories Series editors: K. Tsianina Lomawaima Alcida Rita Ramos Florencia E. Mallon Joanne Rappaport Editorial Advisory Board: Denise Y. Arnold Noenoe K. Silva Charles R. Hale David Wilkins Roberta Hill Juan de Dios Yapita Narrating Native Histories aims to foster a rethinking of the ethical, methodological, and conceptual frameworks within which we locate our work on Native histories and cultures. We seek to create a space for effective and ongoing conversations between North and South, Natives and non- Natives, academics and activists, throughout the Americas and the Pacific region. This series encourages analyses that contribute to an understanding of Native peoples’ relationships with nation- states, including histo- ries of expropriation and exclusion as well as projects for autonomy and sovereignty. We encourage collaborative work that recognizes Native intellectuals, cultural inter- preters, and alternative knowledge producers, as well as projects that question the relationship between orality and literacy. skin for skin DEATH AND LIFE FOR INUIT AND INNU GERALD M. SIDER Duke University Press Durham and London 2014 © 2014 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper ∞ Designed by Heather Hensley Typeset in Arno Pro by Copperline Book Services, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Sider, Gerald M. Skin for skin : death and life for Inuit and Innu / Gerald M. Sider. pages cm—(Narrating Native histories) Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978- 0- 8223- 5521- 2 (cloth : alk. paper) isbn 978- 0- 8223- 5536- 6 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Naskapi Indians—Newfoundland and Labrador—Labrador— Social conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • P-00352 Page 1
    CIMFP Exhibit P-00352 Page 1 Paper of Grand Riverkeeper Labrador, Inc. and Labrador Land Protectors for the Commission of Inquiry Respecting the Muskrat Falls Project October 1st, 2018 Muskrat Falls, Labrador 2014 "many have touched these rocks and felt its power, when the dam is finished, it will be felt no more" – Denise Cole CIMFP Exhibit P-00352 Page 2 (PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) CIMFP Exhibit P-00352 Page 3 Commissioner Justice Richard LeBlanc Beothuk Building, Suite 502, 20 Crosbie Place St. John’s, NL A1B 3Y8 October 1st, 2018 Dear Commissioner LeBlanc, RE: Paper for the Commission of Inquiry Respecting the Muskrat Falls Project We enclose the paper of Grand Riverkeeper prepared pursuant to the request of the Commissioner by his letter of May 20, 2018 with respect to the pre-sanction phase of the Muskrat Falls Project. The request set out the scope as follows: We are interested in having GRL/LLP prepare a paper describing its involvement with the Muskrat Falls Project pre-sanction. Specifically, we would like the paper to: • Describe GRL/LLP involvement with the Project prior to its sanction on December 17, 2012. This would include, without limitation, their involvement in the Joint Review Panel process and any involvement they had with Government or Nalcor officials. • Describe the key issues that GRL/LLP raised in relation to the Project prior to sanction. • Describe Nalcor’s and/or the Government’s response to GRL/LLP’s efforts We have endeavoured to include as much information as possible in relation to key issues raised regarding the project prior to December 17, 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Du Sable, Caniapiscau, and Koksoak Rivers
    Du Sable, Caniapiscau, and Koksoak Rivers Du Sable We were lucky to obtain an excellent 1980 trip report from Ed The Du Sable (also known as Sand River) is an important tributary Gertler before we embarked on our trip (Ed lists also Tim of the Caniapiscau River. The Du Sable has been at the heart of a Zecha's brother Terry as a trip participant). Thus, it seems to us geographical and toponymic confusion, both about its source and that ours was the first documented descent of the whole Du about its name. Contrary to the map of Mrs. Mina Adelaine Sable from its source. Benson Hubbard (1908) describing her George River expedition, the ninth report of the Commission on Geography of Canada Caniapiscau (James White, 1911) as well as maps of the province of Quebec The Caniapiscau River is a tributary of the Koksoak River. published by the Ministry of Lands and Forests in 1914 and 1935, Through history, the river was known under different spellings: the Du Sable does not originate at Sand Lake, although both the Kaniapiskau (Albert Peter Low, 1898), Canniappuscaw (William Du Sable and Sand Lake outflows do belong to the Caniapiscau Hendry, 1828) and Caniapuscaw (James Clouston, 1820). The name watershed. The Commission de Géographie du Québec accepted in Cree language means "rocky point". The Inuit call the river the name 'Rivière du Sable' in 1944, replacing the name Sandy Adlait (or Allait) Kuunga (meaning: Indian River). It was also River, in the belief that the river originated from Sand Lake. The known as Wauguash River.
    [Show full text]
  • 4.2.2 Wildlife 4.2.2.1 Caribou Labrador's Caribou (Rangifer Tarandus) Can Be Classified Into Two Main Groups, the Migratory An
    REVISED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT 4.2.2 Wildlife 4.2.2.1 Caribou Labrador’s caribou (Rangifer tarandus) can be classified into two main groups, the migratory and sedentary (also known as woodland) ecotypes, which are distinguished by their use of calving grounds or fidelity to specific calving sites. Migratory caribou travel large distances, occupy large home ranges, and aggregate during calving periods. Conversely, sedentary caribou display limited movements, occupy smaller home ranges, and tend to disperse during the calving period (Schaefer et al. 2000; Bergerud et al. 2008). The Project occupies a portion of Western Labrador which overlaps with the range of the George River (GR) Herd. Straddling the Québec-Labrador peninsula, the GR Herd is one of the world’s largest Rangifer populations, with population estimates peaking at almost 800,000 individuals in the 1980’s (Couturier et al. 1996; Russell et al. 1996, Rivest et al. 1998). This area of western Labrador overlaps the GR Herd as a portion of their winter range (Jacobs 1996). In addition to the GR Herd, there is another migratory ecotype that is recognized on the Ungava Peninsula and known as the Rivière-aux-Feuilles (‘Leaf River’) (RAF) Herd. Existing and recognized sedentary populations include the Lac Joseph (LJ) Herd located south of the Assessment Area, and the Red Wine Mountains (RWM), the Joir River (JR), and the Mealy Mountains (MM) Herds all much further to the east. The Mealy Mountains act as a geographic barrier separating this herd from the other herds of Labrador, but the lack of a geographic barrier between the other three sedentary herds results in an overlap of herd ranges (Schmelzer et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Revised Draft Experiences with Inter Basin Water
    REVISED DRAFT EXPERIENCES WITH INTER BASIN WATER TRANSFERS FOR IRRIGATION, DRAINAGE AND FLOOD MANAGEMENT ICID TASK FORCE ON INTER BASIN WATER TRANSFERS Edited by Jancy Vijayan and Bart Schultz August 2007 International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) 48 Nyaya Marg, Chanakyapuri New Delhi 110 021 INDIA Tel: (91-11) 26116837; 26115679; 24679532; Fax: (91-11) 26115962 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.icid.org 1 Foreword FOREWORD Inter Basin Water Transfers (IBWT) are in operation at a quite substantial scale, especially in several developed and emerging countries. In these countries and to a certain extent in some least developed countries there is a substantial interest to develop new IBWTs. IBWTs are being applied or developed not only for irrigated agriculture and hydropower, but also for municipal and industrial water supply, flood management, flow augmentation (increasing flow within a certain river reach or canal for a certain purpose), and in a few cases for navigation, mining, recreation, drainage, wildlife, pollution control, log transport, or estuary improvement. Debates on the pros and cons of such transfers are on going at National and International level. New ideas and concepts on the viabilities and constraints of IBWTs are being presented and deliberated in various fora. In light of this the Central Office of the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) has attempted a compilation covering the existing and proposed IBWT schemes all over the world, to the extent of data availability. The first version of the compilation was presented on the occasion of the 54th International Executive Council Meeting of ICID in Montpellier, France, 14 - 19 September 2003.
    [Show full text]
  • Isciences Global Water Monitor & Forecast February 14, 2020
    Global Water Monitor & Forecast Watch List February 14, 2020 For more information, contact: Thomas M. Parris, President, 802-864-2999, [email protected] Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 2 Worldwide Water Watch List ........................................................................................................................ 4 Watch List: Regional Synopsis ....................................................................................................................... 4 Watch List: Regional Details .......................................................................................................................... 6 United States ............................................................................................................................................. 6 Canada ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean ......................................................................................... 11 South America ......................................................................................................................................... 13 Europe ..................................................................................................................................................... 16
    [Show full text]
  • Visitor Guide Photo Pat Morrow
    Visitor Guide Photo Pat Morrow Bear’s Gut Contact Us Nain Office Nunavik Office Telephone: 709-922-1290 (English) Telephone: 819-337-5491 Torngat Mountains National Park has 709-458-2417 (French) (English and Inuttitut) two offices: the main Administration Toll Free: 1-888-922-1290 Toll Free: 1-888-922-1290 (English) office is in Nain, Labrador (open all E-Mail: [email protected] 709-458-2417 (French) year), and a satellite office is located in Fax: 709-922-1294 E-Mail: [email protected] Kangiqsualujjuaq in Nunavik (open from Fax: 819-337-5408 May to the end of October). Business hours Mailing address: Mailing address: are Monday-Friday 8 a.m. – 4:30 p.m. Torngat Mountains National Park Torngat Mountains National Park, Box 471, Nain, NL Box 179 Kangiqsualujjuaq, Nunavik, QC A0P 1L0 J0M 1N0 Street address: Street address: Illusuak Cultural Centre Building 567, Kangiqsualujjuaq, Nunavik, QC 16 Ikajutauvik Road, Nain, NL In Case Of Emergency In case of an emergency in the park, Be prepared to tell the dispatcher: assistance will be provided through the • The name of the park following 24 hour emergency numbers at • Your name Jasper Dispatch: • Your sat phone number 1-877-852-3100 or 1-780-852-3100. • The nature of the incident • Your location - name and Lat/Long or UTM NOTE: The 1-877 number may not work • The current weather – wind, precipitation, with some satellite phones so use cloud cover, temperature, and visibility 1-780-852-3100. 1 Welcome to TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Torngat Mountains National Park 1 Welcome 2 An Inuit Homeland The spectacular landscape of Torngat Mountains Planning Your Trip 4 Your Gateway to Torngat National Park protects 9,700 km2 of the Northern Mountains National Park 5 Torngat Mountains Base Labrador Mountains natural region.
    [Show full text]
  • CE 54 (R1) (Public)
    Muskrat Falls Project - CE-54 Rev. 1 (Public) Page 1 of 66 Muskrat Falls Project - CE-54 Rev. 1 (Public) Page 2 of 66 Nalcor Energy - Lower Churchill Project GI1141 - Upper Churchill PMF and Flood Handling Procedures Update Final Report - August 28, 2009 Table of Contents List of Tables List of Figures Executive Summary 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Background................................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1.1 Project Location ................................................................................................................1-1 1.1.2 Summary of GI1140 Study ................................................................................................ 1-1 1.1.3 Rationale for Smaller PMF Estimate ................................................................................... 1-2 1.2 Probable Maximum Flood Definition .......................................................................................... 1-2 1.3 Approach .................................................................................................................................... 1-3 1.3.1 Review of Previous Studies................................................................................................ 1-3 1.3.2 Update of PMF Estimate ...................................................................................................
    [Show full text]