London Ashford Airport at Lydd Terminal Building
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LONDON ASHFORD AIRPORT LONDON ASHFORD AIRPORT AT LYDD TERMINAL BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT December 2006 Prepared for Prepared by London Ashford Airport Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd Lydd Airport Parnell House Ashford 25 Wilton Road Kent London SW1V 1LW TN29 9QL LONDON ASHFORD AIRPORT TERMINAL BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT December 2006 Prepared for Prepared by London Ashford Airport Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd Lydd Airport Parnell House Ashford 25 Wilton Road Kent London SW1V 1LW TN29 9QL LAA TERMINAL BUILDING ES ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT - TABLE OF CONTENTS Page GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 EIA METHODOLOGY 20 3 LYDD AIRPORT 26 4 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 35 5 PLANNING POLICY FRAMEWORK 50 6 GROUND CONDITIONS 85 6.1 Introduction 86 6.2 Legislative Drivers 86 6.3 Assessment Methodology 87 6.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 88 6.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 91 6.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 91 6.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 92 6.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 92 6.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 94 6.10 Residual Effects 94 6.11 Summary 95 7 WATER RESOURCES AND FLOOD RISK 96 7.1 Introduction 97 7.2 Legislative Drivers 97 7.3 Assessment Methodology 97 7.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 98 7.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 103 7.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 104 7.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 105 7.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 106 7.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 107 7.10 Residual Effects 108 7.11 Summary 108 December 2006 Page 1 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA TERMINAL BUILDING ES 8 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 110 8.1 Introduction 111 8.2 Legislative Drivers 111 8.3 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 116 8.4 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 116 8.5 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 117 8.6 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 118 8.7 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 118 8.8 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 119 8.9 Residual Effects 121 8.10 Summary 122 9 LAND USE 123 9.1 Introduction 124 9.2 Legislative Drivers 124 9.3 Assessment Methodology 125 9.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 127 9.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 131 9.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 132 9.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 132 9.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 133 9.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 133 9.10 Residual Effects 134 9.11 Summary 134 December 2006 Page 2 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA TERMINAL BUILDING ES 10 ECOLOGY AND NATURE CONSERVATION 135 10.1 Introduction 136 10.2 Legislative Drivers 136 10.3 Assessment Methodology 137 10.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 144 10.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 154 10.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 155 10.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 157 10.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 158 10.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 159 10.10 Residual Effects 160 10.11 Summary 160 11 BIRD CONSERVATION AND HAZARD MANAGEMENT 161 11.1 Introduction 162 11.2 Legislative Drivers 162 11.3 Assessment Methodology 163 11.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 168 11.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 191 11.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 192 11.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 192 11.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 195 11.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 196 11.10 Residual Effects 201 11.11 Summary 202 12 LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL AMENITY 203 12.1 Introduction 204 12.2 Legislative Drivers 204 12.3 Assessment Methodology 204 12.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 209 12.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 214 12.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 214 12.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 215 12.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 217 12.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 218 12.10 Residual Effects 219 12.11 Summary 219 Table 12.4 220 December 2006 Page 3 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA TERMINAL BUILDING ES 13 CULTURAL HERITAGE AND HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT 227 13.1 Introduction 228 13.2 Legislative Drivers 228 13.3 Assessment Methodology 231 13.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 234 13.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 241 13.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 241 13.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 241 13.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 242 13.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 242 13.10 Residual Effects 242 13.11 Summary 243 14 TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT 244 14.1 Introduction 245 14.2 Legislative Drivers 245 14.3 Assessment Methodology 245 14.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 248 14.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 253 14.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 258 14.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 259 14.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 264 14.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 265 14.10 Residual Effects 266 14.11 Summary 267 15 AIR QUALITY 268 15.1 Introduction 269 15.2 Legislative Drivers 271 15.3 Assessment Methodology 273 15.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 280 15.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 285 15.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 269 15.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 290 15.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 295 15.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts 297 15.10 Residual Effects 298 15.11 Summary 298 December 2006 Page 4 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA TERMINAL BUILDING ES 16 NOISE AND VIBRATION 300 16.1 Introduction 301 16.2 Legislative Drivers 301 16.3 Assessment Methodology 301 16.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 308 16.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 311 16.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 316 16.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 318 16.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 323 16.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 324 16.10 Residual Effects 325 16.11 Summary 325 17 SOCIO-ECONOMIC 327 17.1 Introduction 328 17.2 Assessment Methodology 328 17.3 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 333 17.4 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 346 17.5 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 346 17.6 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 347 17.7 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 352 17.8 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 352 17.9 Residual Effects 353 17.10 Summary 353 18 SUSTAINABILITY 355 18.1 Introduction 356 18.2 Legislative Drivers 356 18.3 Sustainability of the Proposed Terminal Design 362 18.4 Sustainability Appraisal 366 18.5 Summary 368 December 2006 Page 5 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA TERMINAL BUILDING ES 19 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS 375 19.1 Introduction 376 19.2 Legislative Drivers 376 19.3 Assessment Methodology 376 19.4 Assessment of Cumulative Effect 378 19.5 Summary 385 20 SUMMARY TABLES 386 20.1 Construction Mitigation 387 20.2 Operational Mitigation 392 December 2006 Page 6 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA TERMINAL BUILDING ES TERMINAL DEVELOPMENT ES - LIST OF FIGURES LYDD AIRPORT 3.1 Airport Location 3.2 Current Facilities & Proposed Terminal Building Location 3.3 Existing Circuit Pattern 3.4 ILS Non-Directional Beacon 3.5 ILS Approach Offset PROJECT DESCRIPTION 4.1 Proposed Site Plan Proposed Development 4.2 Proposed Site Plan Proposed Development 4.2a Proposed Ground Floor Plan 4.2b Proposed First Floor Plan 4.3 Proposed Site Sections Proposed Development 4.4 Proposed Site Sections Proposed Development 4.5 Proposed Elevations Proposed Development 4.6 Proposed Elevations Proposed Development 4.7 Proposed Terminal Building Alternatives 4.8 Proposed Car parking to Accommodate 300,000 Passengers 4.9 Proposed Car parking to Accommodate 500,000 Passengers GROUND CONDITIONS 6.1 Soil Types 6.2 Geology Map 6.3 Groundwater Vulnerability 6.4 Existing and proposed SSSI and CBR Locations Undertaken Indicated WATER RESOURCES AND FLOOD RISK 7.1 River Quality Measuring Points & Standing Surface Water 7.2 Flood Zones and Coastal Defence LAND USE 9.1 Land Usage Map 9.2 Agricultural Land ECOLOGY AND NATURE CONSERVATION 10.1a Designated Sites of Nature Conservation Importance 10.1b Proposed Designated Sites of Nature Conservation Importance 10.2 Phase I Habitat Map 10.3 Habitat Map Target Notes 10.4 Protected and Uncommon Fauna and Flora of the Lydd Airport Site and surrounds 10.5 Bats of the Lydd Airport Site and surrounds 10.6a Aquatic Mammals Survey of Northern Drainage Ditches 10.6b Aquatic Mammals Survey Northern Drainage Ditches BIRD CONSERVATION AND HAZARD MANAGEMENT 11.1 Breeding Birds Survey Area (2006) 11.1 (Legend) Breeding Birds Survey Results Legend (2006) 11.1 (A1) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (A2) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (A3) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (B1) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (B2) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (C) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (D) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (E1) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (E2) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (E3) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1