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Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society VOLUME 49 PART 1 1992 Yorkshire Geological Society FOUNDED 1837 OFFICERS AND COUNCIL Elected 7th December, 1991 President Mr B. YOUNG Vice-Presidents Dr P. R. INESON Dr M.ROMANO General Secretary Mr A. C. BENFIELD School of Geography and Earth Resources, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX Programme Secretary Dr H. M. PEDLEY School of Geography and Earth Resources, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX General Treasurer Mr M. G. ALLDERIDGE Church Garth, North Newbald, York Y04 3SX Librarian Dr W. J. VARKER Department of Earth Sciences, The University, Leeds LS2 9JT Council Members Dr D. A. BLYTHE Prof. J. R. CANN Mr J. F. GREGORY Mr P. KABRNA Dr S. G. MOLYNEUX Dr J. H. POWELL Dr P. A. RATHBONE Miss A. RUTHERFORD Dr P. W. SCOTT Dr C. T. SCRUTTON Dr B. R. TURNER Dr P. B. WIGNALL EDITORIAL BOARD Principal Editors Dr D. MILLWARD British Geological Survey, Windsor Court, Windsor Terrace, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HB Mr I. C. BURGESS Department of Earth Sciences, The University, Leeds LS2 9JT Editors Dr J. L. BEST Dr P. R. INESON Dr R. W. OB. KNOX Dr. S. G. MOLYNEUX Dr H. M. PEDLEY Dr J. E.POLLARD Dr P. F. RAWSON DrD.H.RAYNER Dr M. ROMANO Dr P. W.SCOTT Dr J. R. SENIOR Dr D.B.SMITH DrN.J.SOPER Annual Subscription Ordinary Members £15.00 Student Members £7.50 Institutional Members £37.50 Associate Members £3.75 Forms of application and other information are obtainable from the General Secretary or from the Membership Section, do Mrs S. Rogers, 4 Middledyke Lane, Cottingham, North Humberside HU16 4NH Society publications are available from Mr P. S. Valois, Edward Boyle Library, The University, Leeds LS2 9JT. Cover illustration. Crystals of iron-boracite ((Fe,Mg,Mn)3B7013Cl) from Boulby Mine, Cleveland [NZ 7()2 182]. Nodules up to almost lm across, which consist of a variable mixture of iron-boracite, magnesite, talc, hematite, sylvite and halite occur locally within the potash seam and overlying shales. Although iron-boracite is an orthorhombic mineral it very commonly forms interpenetrant pseudocubic crystals. The crystals illustrated were obtained by dissolving the surrounding sylvite in water. The largest crystal is 2mm across. Specimen collected by B. Young, January 1992. SEM photograph by J. M. Pearce (British Geological Survey, Keyworth). See MILNE, J. K., SAUNDERS, M. J. & WOODS, P. J. E. 1977. Iron-boracite from the English Zechstein. MineralogicalMagazine41, 404-406. PROCEEDINGS OF THE YORKSHIRE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Volume 49 ISSN 0044-0604 Printed for the Yorkshire Geological Society by ARTHUR WIGLEY & SONS LTD, CANAL ROAD, BRADFORD YORKSHIRE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OCCASIONAL PUBLICATIONS ISSN 0143 —6635 No. 1. Geological Aspects of Development and Planning in Northern England Editor: P. T. Warren. 1970. No. 2. The Geology and Mineral Resources of Yorkshire Editors: D. H. Raynerand J. E. Hemingway. 1974. (Out of print). No. 3. The Geology of the Lake District Editor: F. Moseley. 1978. (Out of print). No. 4. The Carboniferous of the U.S.S.R. Reports presented to the I.U.G.S. Subcommission on Carboniferous Stratigraphy at the 8th International Congress on Carboniferous Stratigraphy and Geology held at Moscow, 1975. Editors: R. H. Wagner, A. C. Higgins and S. V. Meyen. 1979. No. 5. Andros Island, Chalk and Oceanic Oozes Unpublished work of Maurice Black. Editors: C. V. Jeans and P. F. Rawson. 1980. Occasional Publications Nos. 1, 4, 5 and back numbers of the Society Proceedings are available from Mr P. S. Valois, Edward Boyle Library, The University, Leeds LS2 9JT. No. 6. The Role of Tectonics in Devonian and Carboniferous Sedimentation in the British Isles. Editors: R. S. Arthurton, P. Gutteridge and S. C. Nolan. 1989. Occasional Publication No. 6 is available from the Geological Society Publishing House, Unit 7 Brassmill Enterprise Centre, Brassmill Lane, Bath BA13JN PROCEEDINGS OF THE YORKSHIRE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY CONTENTS OF VOLUME 49 page H. A. Armstrong and M. A. Purnell Thermal maturation of the Lower Carboniferous strata of the Northumberland Trough and Tweed Basin from conodont colour alteration index (CAI) data 335 V. Burns and R. B. Rickards Silurian graptolite faunas of the Balbriggan Inlier, counties Dublin and Meath, and their evolutionary, stratigraphical and structural significance 283 A. J. Chapman, R. B. Rickards and R. F. Grayson The Carboniferous dendroid graptolites of Britain and Ireland 295 J. M. Davison, P. R. Ineson and J. G. Mitchell Potassium-argon isotopic age determinations from the metasomatic alteration of the Great Limestone, Northern Pennine Orefield 71 A. C. Dunham (Presidential Address, 9th December, 1989) Developments in industrial mineralogy: I. The mineralogy of brickmaking 95 A. C. Dunham (Presidential Address, 8th December, 1990) Developments in industrial mineralogy: II. Archaeological mineralogy 105 A. C. Dunham and F. C. F. Wilkinson A note on the mineralogy of the chilled margin of the Little Whin Sill at Turn Wheel Linn, Weardale, County Durham 67 S. E. Evans and M. S. King A new specimen of Protorosaurus (Reptilia: Diapsida) from the Marl Slate (late Permian) of Britain 229 R. A. Fairbairn and J. Ferguson The characterisation of calcite-filled fractures from the Northern Pennine Orefield 117 J. Ferguson see R. A. Fairbairn and J. Ferguson 117 C. E. Fordham see B. R. Turner, P. L. Younger and C. E. Ford ham 269 J. R. A. Giles Late Devensian and early Flandrian environments at Dishforth Bog, North Yorkshire 1 R. F. Grayson see A. J. Chapman, R. B. Rickards and R. F. Grayson 295 D. W. Hoiliday Geophysical log signatures in the Eden Shales (Permo-Triassic) of Cumbria and their regional significance .... 345 B. Humphreys see G. K. Lott and B. Humphreys 23 P. R. Ineson see J. M. Davison, P. R. Ineson and J. G. Mitehell 71 D. W. Jolley Spore-dominated assemblages from the lowermost Reading Beds (Palaeocene) of north Essex ........ 149 M. S. King see S. E. Evans and M. S. King 229 M. R. Lee Formation and diagenesis of slope limestones within the Upper Permian (Zechstein) Raisby Formation, north-east England 215 A. Livingstone see B. Young, A. Livingstone and N. Thomson 125 ThGYorkshir. eK stratigraph. Lotet coasand tBy . anHumphreyd petrologs y of Middle Jurassic (Ravenscar (iGroup) ) sediments in cored boreholes from the North 23 PROCEEDINGS OF THE YORKSHIRE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY CONTENTS OF VOLUME 49 (continued) page T. McCann The stratigraphy of the Ordovician rocks around Cardigan, Wales 57 J. G. Mitchell see J. M. Davison, P. R. Ineson and J. G. Mitchell 71 S. Mitchell The belemnite faunal changes across the Hauterivian - Barremian boundary in north-east England 129 J. R. Nudds Catalogue of type, figured and referred fossils in the Geological Department of the Manchester Museum ..... 81 B. Owens see N. Turner and B. Owens 189 H. M. Pedley Sedimentology of the late Quaternary barrage tufas in the Wye and Lathkill valleys, north Derbyshire 197 J. H. Powell Gyrochorte burrows from the Scarborough Formation (Middle Jurassic) of the Cleveland Basin and their sedimentological setting 41 M. A. Purnell see H. A. Armstrong and M. A. Purnell 335 A. D. Reynolds Storm, wave and tide-dominated sedimentation in the Dinantian Middle Limestone Group, Northumbrian Basin . 135 R. B. Rickards see V. Burns and R. B. Rickards 283 R. B. Rickards see A. J, Chapman, R. B. Rickards and R. F. Grayson 295 A. W. A. Rushton Graptolites from the Manx Group 259 D. B. Smith Alate halite in the late Permian Rotten Marl of Tees-side, north-east England 293 E. Spinner see N. Turner and E. Spinner 11 M. A. Taylor Taxonomy and taphonomy of Rhomaleosaurus zetlandicus (Plesiosauria, Reptilia) from the Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) of the Yorkshire coast 49 L. Thistlewood and M. A. Whyte A palaeomagnetic and mineral magnetic study of the Speeton Shell Bed, North Yorkshire 325 N. Thomson see B. Young, A. Livingstone and N, Thomson 125 B. R. Turner, P. L. Younger and C. E. Fordham Fell Sandstone lithostratigraphy south-west of Berwick-upon-Tweed: implications for the regional development of the Fell Sandstone 269 N. Turner Cadiospora crypta sp. nov.; a new species of miospore from the Namurian of the central Pennine Basin, England . 321 N. Turner and B. Owens Palynological evidence for an early Namurian age of the Cornbrook Sandstone Formation, Clee Hill, Shropshire . 189 N. Turner and E. Spinner Palynological evidence for the early Namurian age of the "Millstone Grit" and Upper Limestone Group around Longhoughton Steel, Northumberland n F. Whitham The stratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous Flamborough Chalk Formation north of the Humber, north-east England . 235 (ii) PROCEEDINGS OF THE YORKSHIRE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY CONTENTS OF VOLUME 49 (continued) page M. A. Whyte see L. Thistlewood and M. A. Whyte 325 P. B. Wignall The stratigraphy of the Upper Kimmeridge Clay (late Jurassic) of Golden Hill, Vale of Pickering, north Yorkshire 207 F. C. F. Wilkinson see A. C. Dunham and F. C. F. Wilkinson 67 A. A. Wilson (Presidential Address, 10th December, 1988) The Mercia Mudstone Group (Trias) of the Cheshire Basin 171 J. K. Wright The depositional history of the Hackness Coral - Sponge Bed and its associated sediments within the Passage Beds Member of the Coralline Oolite Formation (Corallian Group; Oxfordian) of North Yorkshire 155 B. Young, A. Livingstone and N. Thomson Fraipontitefrom Wensleydale, North Yorkshire 125 P. L. Younger see B. R. Turner, P. L. Younger and C. E. Fordham 269 Society Proceedings 1991 Annual Report; Honorary Memberships; Medal Presentations; Society Activities 75 Society Proceedings 1992 Annual Report; Honorary Memberships; Medal Presentations; Society Activities 263 Obituaries 76,169 Index for Volume 49 355 (iii) .
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  • A Building Stone Atlas of Oxfordshire

    A Building Stone Atlas of Oxfordshire

    Strategic Stone Study A Building Stone Atlas of Oxfordshire First published by English Heritage March 2011 Rebranded by Historic England December 2017 Introduction The oldest rocks in Oxfordshire crop out in the north of the county and are of Lower Jurassic age, around 200 million years old. Younger Jurassic and Cretaceous formations progressively crop out towards the south. The harder limestone and chalk lithologies form escarpments, whilst clay underlies the intervening vales. The character of Oxfordshire’s stone buildings is very much determined by the nature of the local stone, which leads to a fascinating variation of styles across the county. With the exception of the Jurassic ooidal freestone quarried around Taynton, few building stones were of sufficient quality to be used much beyond their immediate source area. Now only a handful of building stone quarries are still active in the county, supplying Marlstone and the Chipping Norton Limestone. Unfortunately the other building stones described in the following pages are no longer available from working local quarries. The following summary of the principal local building stones is based largely on Arkell’s work, Oxford Stone and The Geology of Oxford, and Powell’s recent Geology of Oxfordshire. The oldest stones are described first, progressing towards the stratigraphically youngest to the south. XXX Strategic Stone Study 1 Oxfordshire Bedrock Geology Map Derived from BGS digital geological mapping at 1:625,000 scale, British Geological Survey ©NERC. All rights reserved Oxfordshire Strategic Stone Study 2 Lower Jurassic The distinctive warm-coloured Marlstone characterises the cottages in many villages such as Great Tew, Deddington, Lias Group Adderbury, Bloxham, Wroxton, Hook Norton and Hornton, as well as churches such as St.