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Rano HP Et Ranon'ala EVALUATION OF THE USAID/MADAGASCAR WATER SUPPLY, SANITATION AND HYGIENE BILATERAL PROJECTS: RANO HP ET RANON’ALA September 2014 This publication was produced at the request of the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared independently by CAETIC Développement ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to acknowledge Jean-Claude RANDRIANARISOA, COR, for his constant guidance during this whole assignment. Discussions and exchanges we had with him were always fruitful and encouraging and of a high technical level. This document could not have reached this level of quality without the invaluable inputs from Jacky Ralaiarivony and from USAID Madagascar Program Office staff, namely Vololontsoa Raharimalala. The authors: Balsama ANDRIANTSEHENO Jean Marie RAKOTOVAO Ramy RAZAFINDRALAMBO Jean Herivelo RAKOTONDRAINIBE FINAL EVALUATION OF USAID/MADAGASCAR WSSH PROJECTS: EVALUATION OF THE USAID/MADAGASCAR WATER SUPPLY, SANITATION AND HYGIENE BILATERAL PROJECTS: RANO HP ET RANON’ALA SEPTEMBER 9, 2014 CONTRACT N° AID-687-C-13-00004 DISCLAIMER The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. CONTENTS ...................................................................................................................................................................... 1 LIST OF ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................................... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. 1 1. EVALUATION PURPOSE & EVALUATION QUESTIONS ..................................................................... 6 1.1. EVALUATION PURPOSE .................................................................................................................. 6 1.2. EVALUATION QUESTIONS .............................................................................................................. 6 1.3. PROJECT BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................. 6 1.4. STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE AND INTERMEDIATE RESULTS OF USAID ............................................ 7 1.4.1. RANO HP ....................................................................................................................................... 7 1.4.1.1. GENERAL OBJECTIVE ................................................................................................................. 7 1.4.1.2. STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................ 7 1.4.1.3. INTERMEDIATE RESULTS ........................................................................................................... 7 1.4.1.4. REPORTED ACHIEVEMENTS ....................................................................................................... 8 1.4.2. RANON’ALA ................................................................................................................................. 8 1.4.2.1. GENERAL OBJECTIVE ................................................................................................................. 8 1.4.2.2. STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................ 8 1.4.2.3. INTERMEDIATE RESULTS ........................................................................................................... 8 1.4.2.4. REPORTED ACHIEVEMENTS ..................................................................................................... 10 2. EVALUATION METHODS & LIMITATIONS....................................................................................... 11 3. FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................... 15 3.1. FINDINGS ........................................................................................................................................ 15 3.1.1. THE POPULATION OF THE STUDY ........................................................................................... 15 3.1.2. DOUBLE DIFFERENCE METHOD ............................................................................................... 15 3.2. QUESTION N°1: TO WHAT EXTENT DID THE POPULATION IN THE INTERVENTION ZONES ADOPT THE IMPROVED HYGIENE PRACTICES DEMONSTRATED BY THE PROJECTS? ....................... 19 3.2.1. SENSITIZATION ON THE THREE WASH KEY MESSAGES ....................................................... 19 3.2.1.1. HAND WASHING ........................................................................................................................ 20 3.2.1.2. USE OF LATRINES ...................................................................................................................... 22 3.2.2. THE ODF CERTIFICATION ......................................................................................................... 24 3.2.3. CONCLUSIONS ON QUESTION 1 ............................................................................................... 25 3.3. QUESTION 2 : THE ACCESS AND THE USE OF DRINKABLE WATER AND IMPROVED SANITATION BY THE BENEFICIARIES ..................................................................................................... 26 3.3.1. CHANGE OF THE ACCESS TO IMPROVED SANITATION ......................................................... 26 3.3.1.1. POSSESSION OF LATRINES ....................................................................................................... 26 3.3.1.2. THE CONCEPT OF IMPROVED LATRINES ................................................................................ 27 3.3.1.3. THE SAVINGS SYSTEMS AND ACCESS TO IMPROVED INFRASTRUCTURES ........................ 28 3.3.2. CHANGES OF THE ACCESS TO DRINKABLE WATER FOR THE BENEFICIARIES .................. 28 3.3.2.1. ACCESS TO DRINKABLE WATER ............................................................................................. 29 3.3.2.2. USE OF DRINKABLE WATER .................................................................................................... 31 3.3.2.3. HOUSEHOLDS SAVINGS AND INVESTMENT FOR WATER SUPPLY ....................................... 31 3.3.2.4. FAVORABLE AND NON-FAVORABLE FACTORS TO ACCESS DRINKABLE WATER ............. 33 3.3.2.5. WATER STORAGE ...................................................................................................................... 33 3.3.2.6. WATER PROCESSING ................................................................................................................. 35 3.3.3. CONCLUSIONS 2A ...................................................................................................................... 36 3.3.4. FUNCTIONALITY OF IMPROVED DRINKABLE WATER AND SANITATION ........................... 37 3.3.5. GOVERNANCE OF THE WATER SECTOR AT THE COMMUNE LEVEL .................................... 39 3.3.6. CONCLUSIONS 2B ...................................................................................................................... 42 3.4. QUESTION 3 : EVALUATION OF THE SATISFACTION OF THE POPULATIONS COMPARED TO THE SERVICES OF WSSH ........................................................................................................................... 43 3.4.1. LEVEL OF SATISFACTION OF USER HOUSEHOLDS ................................................................ 43 3.4.2. SOURCES OF DISSATISFACTION OF THE POPULATION ......................................................... 44 3.4.3. CONCLUSIONS 3 ........................................................................................................................ 46 4. RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................................................ 47 ANNEXES...................................................................................................................................................... A ANNEX I: EVALUATION STATEMENT OF WORK ...................................................................................... B ANNEX II: METHODOLOGIE ET LIMITES DE L’EVALUATION ................................................................ H METHODE DE COLLECTE DES DONNEES QUANTITATIVES ................................................................... H A. Champs d’étude, Unités statistiques et base de sondage : ........................................................................ H B. Tirage des échantillons. ....................................................................................................................... H C. Technique d’observation et outil de collecte. ........................................................................................... I METHODE DE COLLECTE DES DONNEES QUALITATIVES ....................................................................... K A. La collecte des données qualitatives ...................................................................................................... K B. Formation et Organisation de l’Equipe d’Evaluation .............................................................................. M CONTROLE QUALITE: PREVISION ET GESTION DES RISQUES ............................................................... Q METHODE D’ANALYSE DES RESULTATS .................................................................................................
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