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Home , Mayabeque Province, Santa Cruz del Norte, Tropidophis, Tropidophis caymanensis, Tropidophis celiae, Tropidophis melanurus

1 REPTILIA: : celiae

Catalogue of American Amphibians and 914.

Torres, J., R. Powell, and A. R. Estrada 2018. .

Tropidophis celiae Hedges, Estrada, and Díaz 1999 Canasí Trope

Tropidophis celiae Hedges, Estrada, and Díaz 1999:376. Type locality, “from the northern (coastal) side of Loma Canasi [Canasí], at the mouth of Rio Canasi [Río Canasí], Figure 1. Adult Tropidophis celiae from Municipality, La Habana [currently Carboneras, Province, ; female Mayabeque] Province, Cuba, 23°08'37''N, (Colección Zoológica de la Academia de Ciencias 81°46'40''W, 3 m a.s.l.” Holotype, Museo de Cuba, Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, La Nacional de Historia Natural de Cuba Habana, Cuba [CZACC] 4.5582) on the left and male (Museo de Historia Natural “Felipe Poey,” (MNHNCu) 4474, an adult female, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Habana collected by Alberto R. Estrada and Luis [MFP] 12.505) on the right. Photograph by Javier M. Díaz on 7 June 1996. Torres (from Torres et al. 2013).

CONTENT. No subspecies are recognized. the posterior end of the body and on the tail. DESCRIPTION. Tropidophis celiae is a Ventrals number 196–203, subcaudals 30– medium-sized tropidophiid; the largest 35. Adult males have well-developed pelvic individual is an adult male with a snout- spurs that retract into small grooves. Dorsal vent length (SVL) of 421 mm collected at color in life is brown or dark gray in the dark Carboneras, Matanzas in 2004 (specimen phase and yellowish-gray to tan in the light lost, see Remarks) and the largest known phase; the venter is pale and cream-colored. female has a SVL of 350 mm (Torres et al. The head is yellowish and the tongue is red 2013). The following characters are based with a white tip. Head markings include two on the original description by Hedges et al. adjacent interocular bars (dark behind and (1999) and data presented by Hedges (2002), yellow in the front), an hourglass-shaped Torres et al. (2013), and Torres López et al. mark extending from the interocular bars (2016). The body is robust and the head is to the light nuchal band, and a brown band wider than the neck. Head scales include across the snout and nares. The dorsal pattern parietal scales in contact (separated by one consists of 47–60 pairs of large, partially fused scale in the holotype), 9–10 supralabials (4–5 spots along the dorsal midline, and smaller, in contact with the eye), 10–12 infralabials, irregularly aligned, and less contrasting 1 preocular, and 3 postoculars. Dorsal scales spots on the flanks, resulting in 8 ‘rows’ of are smooth and in 25–27–19 rows (behind spots around midbody. The tip of the tail is the head, at midbody, and immediately yellowish, reddish, or orange. The venter is anterior to the vent, respectively). Middorsal immaculate or with sparse and widely spaced scales are not enlarged except a few scales at spots on the borders of some ventral scales. 2

Map. The distribution ofTropidophis celiae: the open circle marks the type locality (Hedges and Garrido 2002) and the black dot marks the other known locality (Torres et al. 2013); the highlighted area (light green) representing the ’ range is based on an assessment of suitable habitat.

DIAGNOSIS. Tropidophis celiae was Tropidophis celiae and included in the group are assigned to different species groups (the by Hedges (2002); this group also includes latter was assigned to the Tropidophis bucculentus, Tropidophis canus, group by Hedges 2002), they are quite similar , Tropidophis curtus, in general appearance (Torres et al. 2017). Tropidophis melanurus, Tropidophis parkeri, The head is wider inTropidophis hendersoni and Tropidophis schwartzi. The combination (1.45 head/neck width ratio versus 1.31 in of high ventral count (196–203) and midbody Tropidophis celiae). The pale neckband (fused scale row count (27) in Tropidophis celiae occipital spots) is more obvious in Tropidophis distinguishes it from all species in the celiae, and Tropidophis hendersoni has a except Tropidophis caymanensis and salmon-colored ventral ground color (Díaz Tropidophis melanurus (Hedges et al. 1999). et al. 2014), whereas the venter is cream in Tropidophis celiae (421 mm maximum SVL) Tropidophis celiae (Hedges et al. 1999; Torres is smaller than Tropidophis caymanensis and et al. 2013). Tropidophis melanurus (470 mm and 957 mm maximum SVL, respectively; Hedges PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS. 2002; Hedges et al. 1999; Torres et al. 2013). Based on unpublished molecular data, Tropidophis melanurus and Tropidophis Tropidophis celiae was placed in the caymanensis also have dorsolateral stripes, Tropidophis melanurus group by Hedges which are absent in Tropidophis celiae (2002) and Hedges et al. (1999). In an (Echternacht 2004; Hedges et al. 1999; unpublished molecular phylogeny of nine Hedges 2002; Torres et al. 2013). Although species representing all Cuban species groups 3

Figure 2. Gravid female Tropidophis celiae from Canasí, , Cuba. Photograph by Raimundo López-Silvero Martínez (from Torres López et al. 2016).

(following Hedges 2002), Torres López al. (2015). Color photographs of MFP 12.505 (2009) determined that Tropidophis celiae and CZACC 4.5582 were published by Torres and Tropidophis melanurus were sister species et al. (2013). Color photographs of an adult in a genetically distinct clade. and two neonates were presented by Torres López et al. (2016). PUBLISHED DESCRIPTIONS. Detailed descriptions based solely on the holotype DISTRIBUTION. Tropidophis celiae is were provided by Hedges (2002) and Hedges known only from the type locality and one et al. (1999). Descriptions based on additional other location (Carboneras) about 36.5 km specimens were published by Torres López to the southeast. The region is a sub-coastal (2009), Torres et al. (2013), and Torres López karstic area with abundant caves, many with et al. (2016); descriptions of neonates were sinkholes that allow sunshine to enter and provided by Torres López et al. (2016). shrubs and vines to grow in some chambers. The vegetation at the type locality of Canasí is ILLUSTRATIONS. A black-and-white predominantly succulent scrubland on coastal photograph of the holotype was provided by limestone bordered by a tree strip composed Hedges et al. (1999). This same photograph mainly of Seagrapes (Coccoloba uvifera) with was published in color, along with a close- abundant soil and leaf litter. Farther inland, up of the head, by Hedges (2017). The same semi-deciduous forest coincides with the color photograph of CZACC 4.5582 was increasing slope of the hills. Despite abundant presented by Rodríguez Schettino (2012), soil and litter, most of the trees are small Rivalta-G. et al. (2013), and Rodríguez-S. et and palms are abundant. At Carboneras, the 4

vegetation near the collecting sites is semi- also described a second locality. Data on deciduous forest on karst, which appears to parturition and husbandry were presented by be more suitable for Tropidophis celiae. This Torres López et al. (2016). forest persists only around cave entrances The species was included in checklists, where temperatures are moderated and general works, articles focusing on other humidity is high (Torres López et al. 2016). species, or faunal accounts by Anonymous The distribution was illustrated byRodríguez (1999), Domínguez Díaz and Moreno García Schettino (2012), Rodríguez Schettino et al. (2003), Estrada (2012), González Alonso et (2013), Uetz et al. (2016), and Hedges (2017). al. (2012), Hallermann et al. (2000), Hedges (2017), Henderson and Powell (2007, 2009), FOSSIL RECORD. No fossils are known. Hutchins et al. (2003), Rodríguez Schettino and Rivalta González (2003), Rodríguez PERTINENT LITERATURE. In addition Schettino et al. (2010, 2013) Rodríguez-S. et to the original description published by al. (2015), Uetz et al. (2016), and Wallach et Hedges et al. (1999) and the revision of the al. (2014). See Remarks for information on genus by Hedges (2002), the morphology the conservation status of the species. and coloration of additional individuals was described by Torres et al. (2013), who REMARKS. A specimen (now lost) repre-

Figure 3. Female Tropidophis celiae with her clutch from Canasí, Mayabeque Province, Cuba. Scale bar = 10 mm. Photograph by Tomás M. Rodríguez Cabrera (from Torres López et al. 2016). 5

Figure 4. Neonatal female Tropidophis celiae from Canasí, Mayabeque Province, Cuba. Photograph by Raimundo López-Silvero Martínez (from Torres López et al. 2016). senting the largest known male of this species was examined by JT and returned to the orig- inal collectors. Torres et al. (2013) indicated that this specimen is probably among the un- cataloged material in the collec- tion of the Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática (IES), La Habana, Cuba. Figure 5. Habitat of Tropidophis celiae in This species was listed as Critically Endan- Canasí, Mayabeque Province, Cuba. Photographs gered (CR) in the Cuban Red List (Rodríguez by Javier Torres (from Torres López et al. 2016) Schettino 2012; Rodríguez-S. et al. 2015). Although technically adhering to rules set ETYMOLOGY. The specific epithetceliae is out in the International Code of Zoological a patronym honoring Celia A. Puerta, wife of Nomenclature (1999), the journal in which Alberto R. Estrada. these innovations appeared is not peer- reviewed and the author has a history of ADDITIONAL VERNACULAR NAMES. exploiting the work of others to create new The vernacular name“ Majasito” was applied names that do little more than complicate to Tropidophis celiae by Rodríguez Schettino the of those groups he chooses (2012); however, “Majasito” is the general to address (Kaiser 2014; Kaiser et al. 2013). name applied to all tropes in Cuba. “Canasí Consequently, we choose not to recognize his Dwarf Boa” (Midtgaard 2017) and “Canasi taxonomic innovations. Dwarf Boa” (Tipton 2005) also were applied to this species; in general, “Dwarf Boa” is ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We thank used for in the genus Tropidophis (e.g., Raimundo López-Silvero Martínez and Tomás Midtgaard 2017). M. Rodríguez Cabrera for permission to use their photographs. This work was undertaken COMMENT. Hoser (2013), based entirely with the support of The Mohamed bin Zayed on evidence presented in other studies, Species Conservation Fund (project no. reassessed the family Tropidophiidae, in 140510158 to JT). the course of which he assigned Tropidophis celiae to a new subgenus, thus creating the LITERATURE CITED combination Tropidophis (Tropidophis) celiae. Anonymous. 1999. New from western 6

Cuba. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpeto- by WebCite at http://www.webcitation. logical Society 34:163. org/6pkdc38st on 15 April 2017. Díaz, L. M., A. Cádiz, S. Villar, and F. Bermu- Hedges, S. B. and O. H. Garrido. 2002. A new dez. 2014. Notes on the ecology and mor- snake of the genus Tropidophis (Tropi- phology of the Cuban khaki trope, Tropi- dophiidae) from eastern Cuba. Journal of dophis hendersoni Hedges and Garrido Herpetology 36:157–161. (Squamata: Tropidophiidae), with a new Hedges, S. B., A. R. Estrada, and L. M. Díaz. locality record. IRCF Reptiles & Amphib- 1999. A new snake (Tropidophis) from ians 21:116–119. western Cuba. Copeia 1999:376–381. Domínguez Díaz, M. and L. V. Moreno Henderson, R. W. and R. Powell. 2007. The García. 2003. Serpientes del suelo. Pp. biology of boas and pythons: A retro- 98–109 in Anfibios y Reptiles de Cuba (L. spective look to the future. Pp. 2–22 in Rodríguez Schettino, editor). UPC Print, Biology of the Boas and Pythons (R. W. Vaasa, Finland. Henderson and R. Powell, editors). Eagle Echternacht, A. C. 2004. Ground Boas (Tropi- Mountain Publishing, LC, Eagle Moun- dophis) of the . Iguana tain, Utah. 11:151–152. Henderson, R. W. and R. Powell. 2009. Nat- Estrada, A. R. 2012. The Cuban Archipelago. ural History of West Indian Reptiles and Pp. 113–125 in Island Lists of West Indian Amphibians. University Press of , Amphibians and Reptiles (R. Powell and Gainesville, Florida. xxiv + 496 pp. R. W. Henderson, editors). Bulletin of the Hoser, R. T. 2013. A reassessment of the Florida Museum of Natural History 51. Tropidophiidae, including the creation of González Alonso, H., L. Rodríguez Schetti- two new tribes and the division of Tropi- no, A. Rodríguez, C. A. Mancina, and I. dophis Bibron, 1840 into six genera, and a Ramos García (editors). 2012. Libro Rojo revisiting of the Ungaliophiinae to create de los Vertebrados de Cuba. Editorial Ac- two subspecies within Ungaliophis pana- ademia, La Habana, Cuba. 304 pp. mensis Schmidt, 1933. Australasian Jour- Hallermann, J., L. Dirksen, A. Schmitz, and nal of Herpetology 17:22–34. P. Uetz. 2000. Liste der Neubeschreibun- Hutchins, M., J. B. Murphy, and N. Schlager gen von Reptilien des Jahres 1999, mit (editors). 2003. Grzimek’s Life Nachträgen der Jahre 1998 und 1997. Encyclopedia. Second Edition. Volume 7, Elaphe 8:53–61. Reptiles. The Gale Group, Inc., Farming- Hedges, S. B. 2002. Morphological variation ton Hills, Michigan. xvi + 593 pp. and the definition of species in the snake International Commission on Zoological genus Tropidophis (Serpentes, Tropi- Nomenclature (ICZN). 1999. Interna- dophiidae). Bulletin of the Natural His- tional Code of Zoological Nomenclature. tory Museum [London], Zoology Series Fourth edition. The International Trust 68:83–90. for Zoological Nomenclature 1999, The Hedges, S. B. 2017. Caribherp. West Indi- Natural History Museum, London, Unit- an amphibians and reptiles [Amphibi- ed Kingdom. xxix + 306 pp. ans and reptiles of Caribbean Islands]: Kaiser, H. 2014. Best practices in herpetolog- Cuba. Temple University, Philadelphia, ical taxonomy: Errata and addenda. Her- Pennsylvania. Available at http://www. petological Review 45:257–268. caribherp.org/index.php?il=Cuba&so=- Kaiser, H., B. I. Crother, C. M. R. Kelly, L. Lu- class,%20ord,%20subord,%20family,%20 iselli, M. O'Shea, H. Ota, P. Passos, W. D. species&vw=y&dd=n&mob=y. Archived Schleip, and W. Wüster. 2013. Best prac- 7

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JAVIER TORRES, Department of Ecolo- gy and Evolutionary Biology, The Universi- ty of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA ([email protected]), ROBERT POW- ELL, Department of Biology, Avila Univer- sity, Kansas City, MO 64145, USA (robert. [email protected]), and ALBERTO R. ES- TRADA, 13355 SW 9th Ct., Apt. 415H, Pem- broke Pines, FL 33027, USA (peleuth@gmail. com).

Primary editors for this account, Christopher J. Bell and Travis J. LaDuc.

Published 1 March 2018 and Copyright © 2018 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles.