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PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER PENNSYLVANIA FISH COMMISSION **, \ 4 k 1 •f • m. w, " & h* i^A fcu 1 * "W-** ^ffit . JUNE 1956 Siek Waters and Sick Watersheds Pennsylvania has some fine trout streams. built in the lowlands. Such streams often are Anyone who has pursued trout in the better muddy after every summer shower. waters of the Commonwealth knows about But don't look to the stream itself if you are them and, in season, hankers to seek them out seeking the causes of this damage. Look in­ for fishing purposes. stead to the farms themselves in the stream But the chances are that, en route to the valleys and along the slopes of the bordering fine streams, he speeds right past, or crosses hills. Look to the condition of the woodlands. on highway bridges, other streams that once And look to the raw earth cuts that still far were just as good but now are but pale too often are found alongside paved and un- shadows of their former splendor. paved country roads. These are principal We're not talking this time about streams reasons why so many of our great trout streams that have been sickened by acid pollution from are dead or dying. coal mines, or by other industrial pollution or Something can be done about them. Some­ municipal wastes. The streams now under thing must be done about them if the people scrutiny are those that have been laid low by of Pennsylvania are to enjoy good trout fish­ poor farming and logging practices. ing in coming years. But the work to be done, The sick streams can be named, but that if it is to be permanently effective, should doesn't seem necessary. Almost any traveler in start on the farmlands and the forest slopes. Pennsylvania trout country can spot these ail­ It is called "good land management," and good ing waters at a glance, once the symptoms are land management is essential if good stream known and recognized. management is to be carried out. When money The symptoms aren't difficult to spot. Is the to do so is available, the Fish Commission can stream wide and shallow, a succession of long carry out stream improvement works that will reaches exposed throughout the summer to the create anew the right kind of habitat for trout, sun's heat? Have the trees and other vegetation but these works will be short lived and in­ along the banks been cleared away so there effectual over the long pull unless good land are few if any stretches kept cool by shade? Is management goes hand in hand with them. the stream bed devoid of boulders around The quality of the management of the land which water can boil and dig out cool, food- above the water governs the quality of the filled pools in which trout can live and grow water. big and fat? Are the still leaches silted with People who like fishing—and the numbers of muddy soil that covers the sand and gravel Pennsylvanians who like to fish are increasing and smothers out the aquatic insects on which constantly—can do something about encourag­ trout so largely live? ing good land management, but they can't do it These are all symptoms of a sick stream. alone. Nor can the Fish Commission do it Chances are that such streams are nearly dry alone. The goal can be achieved only by the by midsummer, with water temperatures far separate but harmonized efforts of every land­ above those that trout will tolerate. Chances owner. And we'd better be quick about getting also are that these streams rise suddenly with along with the job. It's pretty late in the day. the snow melt and spring rains and cause destructive floods to valley farms and the im­ provements that man has, not always wisely, Wm. Voigt, Jr. COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA HON. GEORGE M. LEADER GOVERNOR PENNSYLVANIA PENNSYLVANIA FISH COMMISSION ANGLER R. STANLEY SMITH, President WAYNESBURG ALBERT R. HINKLE, Vice-President CLEARFIELD WALLACE DEAN MEADVILLE GERARD ADAMS HAWLEY CHARLES C. HOUSER VOL. 25, NO. 6 ALLENTOWN JUNE 1956 JOHN W. GRENOBLE NEW BLOOMFIELD JOSEPH M. CRITCHFIELD CONFLUENCE MAYNARD BOGART ARTICLES DANVILLE 2 IS LIBERALIZED FISHING A SUCCESS IN OHIO? Dr. Charles A. Dambach EXECUTIVE OFFICE 8 COUNTING CALORIES AT THE TROUT HATCHERY, Arthur D. Bradford- Pathologist, Penna. Fish Commission WILLIAM VOIGT, JR. Executive Director 11 FISHERMEN; A THOUSANDFOLD IN 75 YEARS, FISHING: AN ART OR A SOURCE DR. ALBERT S. HAZZARD OF FOOD? Clifford R. Davis Asst. Director H. R. STACKHOUSE 12 CANAL ECHOES, Paul M. Felton Administrative Secretary 15 THE BIG ITCH, D. D. Double JOSEPH J. MICCO Comptroller 16 PENNSYLVANIA FISHES PAUL J. SAUER Asst. Comptroller 19 FIRST MORNING BASS, Ray Ovington • 20 POP-CASTING FOR BASS, Charles K. Fo« CONSERVATION EDUCATION 22 PRESERVING PROOF, Keith C. Schuyler DIVISION 23 RUINING A TROUT DINNER, Eric Sylva C. ROBERT GLOVER Chief 24 HOW BASS GOT ITS NAME, Day C. Yeager J. ALLEN BARRETT Assistant 25 SPAT FISHING FOR BASS, Don Shiner 27 HOW TO STAY AFLOAT AND DRY GORDON L. TREMBLEY Chief Aquatic Biologist THOMAS F. O'HARA DEPARTMENTS Construction Engineer p. CYRIL G. REGAN 28 CONSERVATION IN PENNSYLVANIA ^•hief Div. of Land and Water Acquisition DEWEY SORENSON 30 CONSERVATION ACROSS THE NATION Superintendent of Hatctieries W. W. BRITTON 32 LETTERS Chief Enforcement Officer REGIONAL WARDEN SUPERVISORS Illustrations Northwest Region Cover—W. T. Davidson CARLYLE S. SHELDON Conneautville, Pa.; Phone 3033 Back Cover—Jack F. Koons Southwest Region MINTER C. JONES Art by Bob Cypher «l W. Lincoln St., Somerset, Pa.; Phone 5324 North Central Region C. W. SHEARER 200 Agnew St., Mill Hall, Pa.; George W. Forrest, Editor Phone 375 South Central Region „, HAROLD CORBIN The PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER is published, monthly by the Pennsylvania Pish Commission, 571 13th St., Huntingdon, Pa.; Phone 1202 South Office Building, Harrlsburg, Pa. Subscription: $1.00 per year, 10 cents per single copy. Send check or money order payable to Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. DO NOT SEND Northeast Region STAMPS. Individuals sending cash do so at their own risk. Change of address should reach RALPH O. SINGER us promptly. Furnish both old and new addresses. Entered as Second Class matter at the 456 Main St., Honesdale, Pa.; Post Office, Harrlsburg, Pa., under Act of March 3, 1873. Phone 1485 Southeast Region Neither Publisher nor Editor will assume responsibility for unsolicited manuscripts or Illustrations while In their possession or In transit. Permission to reprint will be given JOHN S. OGDEN provided we receive marked copies and credit Is given material or Illustrations. Com­ York, Pa.; Phone 47-3028 munications pertaining to manuscripts, material or illustrations should be addressed to [ the Pennsylvania Fish Commission, Harrlsburg, Pa. IS Liberalize d F sliiiii By DR. CHARLES A. DAMBACH Director, Natural Resources Institute, Ohio State University NLY one word is needed to answer the happen to fish with the removal of restrictions O question which titles this article. That but little information upon which to judge word as voiced by the representatives of nearly public reaction. In this respect, knowledge of a million "Buckeye" fishermen is an emphatic Ohio's experience with liberalized fishing re­ "Yes!" Locally there are a few No's sincerely strictions may be useful to other states and is expressed, but lost in the overwhelming favor gladly shared with them. with which liberalized fishing is accorded as it The term "liberalized fishing" as practiced enters its twelfth season. This fine public re­ in Ohio means that anyone fishing legally can sponse is more noteworthy in the author's judg­ take all the fish he catches at any time of the ment than the demonstrated capacity of fish year without regard to size or number. Ohio populations to keep ahead of the anglers. Our restricts only the method by which fish may be technicians and research workers had volumes taken. However, methods which, by most stand­ of data to guide them in predicting what would ards, would be considered liberal are permitted, Ohio's liberalized fishing pro­ gram is based on many years of scientific investigation. In this picture, a field crew is shown sampling the fish population in a stream by use of an electric shocking device. 1 success in ^_^hio? Dr. Charles A. Dambach including gigging of suckers, spearing and bow- Born—Cuyahoga County, December 31, 1911. and arrow shooting of carp and other rough Address—7085 Linworth Rd., Worthington, Ohio. fishes. Age—40. Liberalized fishing orginated in Ohio, at Married—1937—Three children. least in part, because the State has so little Religion—Protestant. fishing water. This has necessitated careful Education—Graduated, Burton High School, Bur­ study and intensive management for maxi­ ton, Ohio, 1932. Graduated, O.S.U. College of mum utilization. Any one of the "dry" west­ Agriculture, 1936. Master Degree, 1941, Agri­ ern states has more inland fishing waters avail­ culture and Conservation PHD, 1945. able on a per capita basis than does Ohio. Ohio, Experience and Qualifications—Pottery worker, Postal Telegraph employee, Foundry worker, of course, does enjoy considerable frontage on Farmer, Business Office employee, Forester, Lake Erie and, for those who can afford the Biologist, U. S. Soil Conservation Service, 8 size of craft needed to get out in the Lake, a years, Staff Member O.S.U., 8 years, Director considerable area of good fishing in the Lake of Wildlife Research and Conservation Cur­ territory. When the state was first settled, less riculum, Former Director of Conservation Labo­ than 7,000 acres of impounded water existed. ratory, Director 4-H Conservation Camp, 4-H Forestry Club Leader.

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