An Analysis of Life-Course Smoking Behavior in China
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Socio-Cultural Influences on Adolescent Smoking in Mainland China: the Mediating Role of Smoking-Related Cognitions
Syracuse University SURFACE David B. Falk College of Sport and Human Child and Family Studies - Dissertations Dynamics 5-2013 Socio-Cultural Influences on Adolescent Smoking in Mainland China: The Mediating Role of Smoking-Related Cognitions Yan Wang Syracuse University Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/cfs_etd Part of the Family, Life Course, and Society Commons Recommended Citation Wang, Yan, "Socio-Cultural Influences on Adolescent Smoking in Mainland China: The Mediating Role of Smoking-Related Cognitions" (2013). Child and Family Studies - Dissertations. 67. https://surface.syr.edu/cfs_etd/67 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the David B. Falk College of Sport and Human Dynamics at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Child and Family Studies - Dissertations by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract The etiology of smoking behaviors involves the interplay among multiple systems at the cultural, familial, and personal levels, but few investigations have explored the effects of multiple environments on adolescent smoking behaviors. Survey data were collected from 658 parent- child dyads of Chinese adolescents aged between 14 and 17 years from Jiande, Zhejiang province in mainland China. Using data from multiple informants, the direct and indirect roles of socio-cultural influences, parenting strategies, smoking-specific parenting behaviors, and smoking-related cognitions on adolescent smoking behaviors were examined. Results indicated that smoking-related cultural values, extended family members smoking, and parental psychological control had direct effects on Chinese adolescents smoking behaviors. Smoking- related cultural values, parent smoking, and health-related values had indirect effects on adolescent smoking behaviors through smoking-related cognitions. -
The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Life Expectancy Between 1980 and 2010: a Global Perspective E Rentería,1 P Jha,2 D Forman,1 I Soerjomataram1
Downloaded from http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/ on June 30, 2017 - Published by group.bmj.com Research paper The impact of cigarette smoking on life expectancy between 1980 and 2010: a global perspective E Rentería,1 P Jha,2 D Forman,1 I Soerjomataram1 ▸ Additional material is ABSTRACT variation in the distribution of cause-specific published online only. To view Introduction Tobacco smoking is among the leading deaths5 are some of the challenges in the applica- please visit the journal online (http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ causes of preventable mortality worldwide. We assessed tion of these methods to data from LMICs. tobaccocontrol-2015-052265). the impact of smoking on life expectancy worldwide This study aims to estimate the impact of smoking 1 between 1980 and 2010. on life expectancy worldwide and the trends over Section of Cancer fi Surveillance, International Methods We retrieved cause-speci c mortality data time between 1980 and 2010. We propose a revi- Agency for Research on from the WHO Mortality Database by sex, year and age sion of the original method developed by Peto and Cancer, Lyon, France for 63 countries with high or moderate quality data colleagues that takes into account national accumu- 2 Centre for Global Health (1980–2010). Using the time of the peak of the lated exposure to smoking and smoking-related risk Research (CGHR), St. Michael’s smoking epidemic by country, relative risks from the of dying, anchored to the country’s position within Hospital and Dalla Lana School 6 of Public Health, University of three waves of the Cancer Prevention Study were applied the smoking epidemic continuum. -
Smoking in China: Findings of the 1996 National Prevalence Survey
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION Smoking in China Findings of the 1996 National Prevalence Survey Gonghuan Yang, MD Context As the world’s largest producer and consumer of tobacco products, China Lixin Fan, MS bears a large proportion of the global burden of smoking-related disease and may be experiencing a tobacco epidemic. Jian Tan, MD Objective To develop an evidence-based approach supporting tobacco control ini- Guoming Qi, MD tiatives in China. Yifang Zhang, MD Design and Setting A population-based survey consisting of a 52-item question- Jonathan M. Samet, MD, MS naire that included information on demographics, smoking history, smoking-related knowl- edge and attitudes, cessation, passive smoke exposure, and health status was adminis- Carl E. Taylor, MD, DrPH tered in 145 disease surveillance points in the 30 provinces of China from March through Karen Becker, DVM, MPH July 1996. Jing Xu, MS, MSPH Participants A nationally representative random sample of 128 766 persons aged 15 to 69 years were asked to participate; 120 298 (93.8%) provided data and were S THE WORLD’S LARGEST PRO- included in the final analysis. About two thirds of those sampled were from rural areas ducer and consumer of to- and one third were from urban areas. bacco, China bears a substan- Main Outcome Measures Current smoking patterns and attitudes; changes in smok- tial proportion of the global ing patterns and attitudes compared with results of a previous national survey con- burdenA of smoking-related disease.1 Of ducted in 1984. China’s population of 1.2 billion, more Results A total of 41 187 respondents smoked at least 1 cigarette per day, account- than 300 million men and 20 million ing for 34.1% of the total number of respondents, an increase of 3.4 percentage points women are smokers, making China the since 1984. -
News Analysis
304 Tobacco Control 2001;10:304–308 Tob Control: first published as 10.1136/tc.10.4.304c on 1 December 2001. Downloaded from NEWS ANALYSIS declines in tobacco use. The states of the 1980s, the United States Tobacco All articles written by David Simp- California and Massachusetts have Company targeted non-smoking son unless otherwise attributed. conducted well funded comprehen- young males with low nicotine, snuV Ideas and items for News Analysis sive tobacco control campaigns. Both starter products. The company should be sent to David Simpson at campaigns have aggressively passed employed a “graduation” strategy that the address given on the inside tobacco control policies including intended new users to “graduate” up front cover. taxation, eliminating public smoking, to higher nicotine brands over time. aggressive counter-advertising, crack- Among US 17–18 year old males, oral downs on tobacco sales to minors, snuV use soared from 0.3% in 1970 to and treatment of smokers. In 1998, 2.9% in 1985, an eightfold increase. A Suckers today, the male smoking rate for California Washington State study found that was 15.1% and Massachusetts 15%. snuV became a nicotine entry product smokers tomorrow? In 1999, male use of chewing tobacco for young males who switched to ciga- A recent Industry Watch (Tobacco and snuV was only 2.4% in California. rette smoking as they grew older. Control; 2001;10:253–7) explored an Massachusetts stopped measuring Tobacco companies—Swedish or “experiment in progress”—the use of snuV use when it fell below 1% in American—want to make money and snus (oral snuV) by Sweden’s males as 1993. -
Chapter 11 Smoking and Oral Tobacco
Chapter 11 Smoking and oral tobacco use Majid Ezzati and Alan D. Lopez Summary Smoking has been causally associated with increased mortality from several diseases. This chapter provides global and regional estimates of premature mortality and disease burden in 2000 caused by tobacco use, including an analysis of uncertainty. It also describes a method for esti- mating the future burden of disease that could be avoided through smoking cessation or prevention. Comparable data, especially age-specific data, on the prevalence of smoking are often unavailable or inaccurate. More importantly, current prevalence of smoking is a poor proxy for cumulative hazards of smoking, which depend on factors such as age at which smoking began, duration of smoking, the number of cigarettes smoked per day, cigarette characteristics such as tar and nicotine content or filter type, and smoking behaviour such as degree of inhalation. We used the smoking impact ratio (SIR) as a marker for accumulated smoking risk. SIR uses lung cancer mortality in excess of never-smokers as a biological marker for accumulated hazards of smoking. Lung cancer mortality data were from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) mortality database. Never- smoker lung cancer mortality rates were estimated based on the house- hold use of coal in unvented stoves for each subregion.1 Age–sex-specific SIR was divided into three categories: zero, medium (0 < SIR £ 0.5), and high (0.5 < SIR £ 1.0). Estimates of mortality and disease burden due to smoking were made for lung cancer, upper aerodigestive cancer, all other cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), other respiratory diseases, car- diovascular diseases and selected other medical causes. -
Download” As They Are Whisked Away Into a Multidimensional Realm That Cameras Cannot Go
ALTAR STATES: SPIRIT WORLDS AND TRANSFORMATIONAL EXPERIENCES ____________ A Project Presented to the Faculty of California State University, Chico ____________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Social Science ____________ by © Peter Treagan 2019 Summer 2019 ALTAR STATES: SPIRIT WORLDS AND TRANSFORMATIONAL EXPERIENCES A Project by Peter Treagan Summer 2019 APPROVED BY THE INTERIM DEAN OF GRADUATE STUDIES: _________________________________ Sharon Barrios, Ph.D. APPROVED BY THE GRADUATE ADVISORY COMMITTEE: _________________________________ _________________________________ Eugenie Rovai, Ph.D. Sarah Pike, Ph.D., Chair Graduate Coordinator _________________________________ Celeste Jones, Ph.D. _________________________________ Randy Larsen, Ph.D. PUBLICATION RIGHTS No portion of this project may be reprinted or reproduced in any manner unacceptable to the usual copyright restrictions without the written permission of the author. iii DEDICATION This work is dedicated to the future ancestors living in harmony with Nature. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am forever grateful for my committee and family; your endless patience and support made all of this possible. Many thanks to the Idea Fab Labs for providing 24- hour access to the facility, training with the high-tech tools, and the creative space for unexpected collaborations throughout the process. Thank you to the MFA Gallery and Museum of Anthropology at CSU Chico for the opportunity to exhibit my work to the public and making the vision a reality. Special thanks to the talented musicians who contributed original compositions to the Altar States soundscape: Chelu de la Isla, The Sámi Brothers, Flow State, GeOMetrae, Anahata Sacred Sound Current, Puka, and Shimshai & Susana. For the inspiration and encouragement to create and share this artwork, infinite thanks to Chances R Good, Makhno Mata, Alfredo Zagaceta, Juan Carlos Taminchi, Michael Divine, and Alex & Allyson Grey. -
2007 China Tobacco Control Report
2007 China Tobacco Control Report - Create a Smoke-Free Environment, Enjoy a Healthy Life - Office of the Leading Small Group for Implementation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Ministry of Health PRC Beijing May 2007 Table of Contents PREFACE................................................................................................................................2 I. HAZARDS TO HEALTH CAUSED BY PASSIVE SMOKING................................................4 1. SMOKE INHALED THROUGH PASSIVE SMOKING CONTAINS MANY TOXINS AND CARCINOGENS .......4 2. THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS A “SAFE LEVEL” OF EXPOSURE TO SECONDHAND SMOKE ...............4 3. PASSIVE SMOKING CAUSES SERIOUS HAZARDS TO PEOPLE’S HEALTH, ESPECIALLY IN WOMEN AND CHILDREN ..............................................................................................................................6 II. A MINIMUM OF 500 MILLION IN CHINA ARE EXPOSED TO THE HAZARDS OF PASSIVE SMOKING................................................................................................................9 1. A GREAT MANY PEOPLE ARE EXPOSED TO SECONDHAND SMOKE ..............................................9 2. VENUES WITH SECONDHAND SMOKE ARE WIDESPREAD.........................................................10 3. A GREAT MANY FACTORS AFFECT PASSIVE SMOKING .............................................................10 III. LAW ENACTMENT IS A KEY MEASURE TO BAN SMOKING IN PUBLIC PLACES .....12 1. SUCCESSFUL INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN TOBACCO CONTROL THROUGH LAW ENACTMENT 12 -
Building a Smoking Society: Culture and Ecology of the Tobacco
BUILDING A SMOKING SOCIETY: CULTURE AND ECOLOGY OF THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY IN NORTH CHINA, 1902-1937 By SIKANG SONG A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY Department of History MAY 2017 © Copyright by SIKANG SONG, 2017 All Rights Reserved © Copyright by SIKANG SONG, 2017 All Rights Reserved To the Faculty of Washington State University: The members of the Committee appointed to examine the dissertation of SIKANG SONG find it satisfactory and recommend that it be accepted. ______________________________________ David A. Pietz, Ph.D., Chair ___________________________________ Jeffrey C. Sanders, Ph.D., Co-Chair ___________________________________ Heather E. Streets-Salter, Ph.D. ___________________________________ Noriko Kawamura, Ph.D. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express the deepest appreciation to my advisor Dr. David A. Pietz for his continuous support of my research and life, for his patience, motivation, enthusiasm, and invaluable knowledge. Without his guidance and persistent help, this dissertation would not have been possible. I also would like to express my immense gratitude to my committee members, Dr. Jeffery C. Sanders, Dr. Heather E. Streets-Salter, and Dr. Noriko Kawamura, whose expertise and dedication to Environmental History, World History, and East Asian Studies inspired me greatly. Their assistance and knowledge accompanied me on my graduate career at Washington State University. I am also very grateful for the WSU History Department and Graduate School providing me years of financial assistance for my study and living in Pullman. Especially, the Claudius O. and Mary W. Johnson Research Fellowship and the Conney Family Graduate Fellowship from the History Department supported my travels to China and allowed me to gather historical records and sources for my research in various locations there. -
Cigarette Smoking and Poverty in China
ARTICLE IN PRESS Social Science & Medicine 63 (2006) 2784–2790 www.elsevier.com/locate/socscimed Cigarette smoking and poverty in China Yuanli Liua,Ã, Keqin Raob, Teh-wei Huc, Qi Sund, Zhenzhong Maoe aHarvard School of Public Health, Harvard University Cambridge, MA, USA bCenter for Health Statistics and Information, Chinese Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China cUniversity of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA dBeijing University, Beijing, PR China eSichuan University, Chengdu, PR China Available online 7 September 2006 Abstract Drawing on the 1998 China national health services survey data, this study estimated the poverty impact of two smoking-related expenses: excessive medical spending attributable to smoking and direct spending on cigarettes. The excessive medical spending attributable to smoking is estimated using a regression model of medical expenditure with smoking status (current smoker, former smoker, never smoker) as part of the explanatory variables, controlling for people’s demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. The poverty impact is measured by the changes in the poverty head count, after smoking-related expenses are subtracted from income. We found that the excessive medical spending attributable to smoking may have caused the poverty rate to increase by 1.5% for the urban population and by 0.7% for the rural population. To a greater magnitude, the poverty headcount in urban and rural areas increased by 6.4% and 1.9%, respectively, due to the direct household spending on cigarettes. Combined, the excessive medical spending attributable to smoking and consumption spending on cigarettes are estimated to be responsible for impoverishing 30.5 million urban residents and 23.7 million rural residents in China. -
Comparative Findings from the ITC Project in China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea
China CDC Weekly Commentary Achieving the Goals of Healthy China 2030 Depends on Increasing Smoking Cessation in China: Comparative Findings from the ITC Project in China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea Geoffrey T. Fong1,2,#; Jiang Yuan3; Lorraine V. Craig1; Steve Shaowei Xu1; Gang Meng1; Anne C.K. Quah1; Hong-Gwan Seo4; Sungkyu Lee5; Itsuro Yoshimi6; Kota Katanoda6; Takahiro Tabuchi7 smoking as the leading cause of death in China. The Summary magnitude of the death and disease caused by smoking Tobacco smoking is the number one preventable cause in China far exceeds China’s position as the most of disease and death in China as it is globally. Indeed, populated country in the world: although China the toll of smoking in China is much greater than its represents 18.5% of the global population, it suffers status as the world’s most populous country. There is a one-third of annual global deaths from smoking (7.1 persistent and continuing need for China to implement million) and secondhand smoke (1.2 million) (2). The the measures specified in the global tobacco control economic cost of smoking is also extraordinary, treaty, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated to be as high as 368 billion CNY (3). Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), The goal of Healthy China 2030 is to reduce non- which China ratified in 2005. The theme for the 2021 communicable diseases (NCD) deaths by 30%. But WHO World No Tobacco Day focuses on the need to this cannot be achieved without great reductions in support smoking cessation. -
Spiritualit-, Hoksm and Heaiing
Spiritualit-,Hoksm and HeaIing Among the Liikota Sioux: Towards an Understandimg of ~ndigenous~edicine BpJonathan H. ELby A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studiei of The University of Manitoba ~nprtial fuli;Ihient of the requisement. for the degr- of ~nterditmi~linar~Degree Pwamin Native Studier Univertig of Manitoba Winnipeg, ~anitoba,Canada 0 June 2000 National tibrary Bibliothbque nationale 1+1 of Canada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rue Wellington OttawaON KlAON4 Ottawa ON KlAON4 Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sel1 reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microforni, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/nlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in dus thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fkom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or othenvise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. THE OF EWVITOBA FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES .f.t. COPYRiGHT PERMISSIOX PAGE SpirituaIity, ~olimiand ~eaLirigAmong the Lakota Sioux: Tovards an ~nderstandingof Indigenou. ~edicine Jonathan H. Ellerbr A Thesie submitted to the ~acu1t-yof Graduate Studies of the University of ~anitobain partial CulfiUment of the requirernente of the degree of Master of Arts Jonathan H. -
Public Reactions to the Cigarette Control Regulation on a Chinese Microblogging Platform: Empirical Analysis
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH Wen et al Original Paper Public Reactions to the Cigarette Control Regulation on a Chinese Microblogging Platform: Empirical Analysis Wanting Wen1,2*, MSc; Zhu Zhang1,3*, PhD; Ziqiang Li1, MSc; Jiaqi Liang1, PhD; Yongcheng Zhan4, PhD; Daniel D Zeng1,2,3, PhD; Scott J Leischow5, PhD 1State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 2School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 3Shenzhen Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Institute (Longhua), Shenzhen, China 4Orfalea College of Business, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States 5College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States *these authors contributed equally Corresponding Author: Wanting Wen, MSc State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences 95 Zhongguancun East Road Beijing, 100190 China Phone: 86 13488793849 Email: [email protected] Abstract Background: On January 1, 2019, a new regulation on the control of smoking in public places was officially implemented in Hangzhou, China. On the day of the implementation, a large number of Chinese media reported the contents of the regulation on the microblog platform Weibo, causing a strong response from and heated discussion among netizens. Objective: This study aimed to conduct a content and network analysis to examine topics and patterns in the social media response to the new regulation. Methods: We analyzed all microblogs on Weibo that mentioned and explained the regulation in the first 8 days following the implementation.