Production, Reserves, and Processing of Feldspar and Feldspathoid Rocks in the Czech Republic from 2005 to 2019—An Overview
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Study of Geologic Structures and Rock Properties in the Standard Mine Vicinity, Gunnison County, Colorado
Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Characterization of Geologic Structures and Host Rock Properties Relevant to the Hydrogeology of the Standard Mine in Elk Basin, Gunnison County, Colorado Open-File Report 2010–1008 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Front cover: Photograph of upper Elk Basin looking east from the cirque ridge. Characterization of Geologic Structures and Host Rock Properties Relevant to the Hydrogeology of the Standard Mine in Elk Basin, Gunnison County, Colorado By Jonathan Saul Caine, Andrew H. Manning, Byron R. Berger, Yannick Kremer, Mario A. Guzman, Dennis D. Eberl, and Kathryn Schuller Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Open-File Report 2010–1008 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2010 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. -
Feldspar and Nepheline Syenite 2016
2016 Minerals Yearbook FELDSPAR AND NEPHELINE SYENITE [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. Department of the Interior January 2020 U.S. Geological Survey Feldspar and Nepheline Syenite By Arnold O. Tanner Domestic survey data and tables were prepared by Raymond I. Eldridge III, statistical assistant. In 2016, feldspar production in the United States was representing 46% of the 2016 production tonnages listed in estimated to be 470,000 metric tons (t) valued at $33.1 million, tables 1 and 2. an almost 10% decrease in quantity and a 11% decrease in Feldspar was mined in six States (table 3). North Carolina value compared with 2015 (table 1). Exports of feldspar in 2016 was by far the leading producer State; the remaining five were, decreased by 61% to 5,890 t, valued at $1.5 million, and imports in descending order of estimated output, Virginia, California, of feldspar decreased by 69% to 36,900 t, valued at $3.4 million. Idaho, Oklahoma, and South Dakota. Production was from Imports of nepheline syenite (predominantly from Canada) 10 mines and beneficiating facilities—4 in North Carolina, 2 in increased by 27% to about 572,000 t valued at $73 million. California, and 1 in each of the 4 remaining States (table 3). World production of feldspar in 2016 was 23.4 million metric I-Minerals Inc. continued the mine permitting process for tons (Mt) (tables 1, 7). its Helmer-Bovill project in north-central Idaho; the mine Feldspars, which constitute about 60% of the earth’s crust, would produce potassium feldspar, halloysite, kaolin, and are anhydrous aluminosilicate minerals of two main groupings: quartz. -
Structure and Emplacement of Cretaceous Plutons in Northwest Yosemite National Park, California
San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks Master's Theses Master's Theses and Graduate Research Spring 2014 Structure and Emplacement of Cretaceous Plutons in Northwest Yosemite National Park, California Ashley Van Dyne San Jose State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses Recommended Citation Van Dyne, Ashley, "Structure and Emplacement of Cretaceous Plutons in Northwest Yosemite National Park, California" (2014). Master's Theses. 4442. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.akfj-5ha8 https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4442 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Master's Theses and Graduate Research at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STRUCTURE AND EMPLACEMENT OF CRETACEOUS PLUTONS, NORTHWEST YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, CALIFORNIA A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Geology San José State University In partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science by Ashley L. Van Dyne May 2014 © 2014 Ashley L. Van Dyne ALL RIGHTS RESERVED The Designated Thesis Committee Approves the Thesis Titled STRUCTURE AND EMPLACEMENT OF CRETACEOUS PLUTONS, NORTHWEST YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, CALIFORNIA by Ashley L. Van Dyne APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY SAN JOSE STATE UNIVERSITY April 2014 Dr. Robert Miller Department of Geology Dr. Jonathan Miller Department of Geology Dr. Ellen Metzger Department of Geology ABSTRACT STRUCTURE AND EMPLACEMENT OF CRETACEOUS PLUTONS, NORTHWEST YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, CALIFORNIA by Ashley L. Van Dyne The ~103-98 Ma Yosemite Valley Intrusive Suite, younger Granodiorite North of Tuolumne Peak, and ~97 Ma Yosemite Creek Granodiorite intrude plutonic and metasedimentary host rocks of the central Sierra Nevada batholith. -
An Investigation Into the UV Fluorescence of Feldspar Group
An Investigation into UV Fluorescence in Feldspar Group Minerals Natasha Morrison Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Honours Bachelor of Science, Department of Earth Sciences At Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia March 17th, 2013 Submitted to: Dr. Richard Cox Dr. Martin Gibling 1 Distribution License DalSpace requires agreement to this non-exclusive distribution license before your item can appear on DalSpace. NON-EXCLUSIVE DISTRIBUTION LICENSE You (the author(s) or copyright owner) grant to Dalhousie University the non-exclusive right to reproduce and distribute your submission worldwide in any medium. You agree that Dalhousie University may, without changing the content, reformat the submission for the purpose of preservation. You also agree that Dalhousie University may keep more than one copy of this submission for purposes of security, back-up and preservation. You agree that the submission is your original work, and that you have the right to grant the rights contained in this license. You also agree that your submission does not, to the best of your knowledge, infringe upon anyone's copyright. If the submission contains material for which you do not hold copyright, you agree that you have obtained the unrestricted permission of the copyright owner to grant Dalhousie University the rights required by this license, and that such third-party owned material is clearly identified and acknowledged within the text or content of the submission. If the submission is based upon work that has been sponsored or supported by an agency or organization other than Dalhousie University, you assert that you have fulfilled any right of review or other obligations required by such contract or agreement. -
Iligh Resolution Solid-State Sodium-23, Aluminum-27, and Silicon-29
American Mineralogist, Volume 70, pages 106-123,I9E5 Iligh resolution solid-statesodium-23, aluminum-27, and silicon-29nuclear magnetic resonancespectroscopic reconnaissance of alkali and plagioclasefeldspars R. JeMes Ktnrpernrcr Department of Geology University of lllinois at Urbana-Champaign l30l West Green Street. Urbana. Illinois 61801 Ronnnr A. KrNsev. KeneN ANN SuIrn School of Chemical Sciences University of lllinois at Urbana-Champaign 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801 Donelo M. Hr,NoBnsoN Department of Geology University of lllinois at Urbana-Champaign 1301 West Green Street. Urbana. Illinois 61801 eNo Enrc OlorrBI-o School of Chemical Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 505 South Mathews Avenue. Urbana, Illinois 61801 Abstract We presentin this paperhigh-resolution solid-state magic-angle sample spinning sodium- 23,aluminum -27 , andsilicon-29 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectraof a varietyof plagioclaseand alkali feldsparsand feldsparglasses. The resultsshow that MASS NMR spectracontain a great deal of informationabout feldspar structures. In particular,we observethe following.(l) AUSiorder/disorder and exsolution effects in alkalifeldspars are readily observable.(2) To our presentlevel of understandingthe publishedstructure refinementsof anorthiteare not consistentwith the NMR of spectraof anorthite.(3) The spectraofthe intermediateplagioclases are interpretable in termsofe- and/-plagioclases, with much of the signalapparently coming from strainedsites between albiteJike and anorthite-likevolumes -
Behavior of Alkali Feldspars:Crystallographic Properties and Characterizutionof Compositionand Al-Si Distribution
American Mineralogist, Volume 71, pages 869-890, 1986 Behavior of alkali feldspars:Crystallographic properties and characterizutionof compositionand Al-Si distribution Guv L. Hons Department of Geology, Iafayette College,Easton, Pennsylvania 18042 Ansrnlcr Four new alkali feldspar ion-exchange series have been synthesized, three with topo- chemically monoclinic Al-Si distributions ranging from sanidine to relatively ordered or- thoclase,the other a microcline-low albite series.Parent materials for three serieshave previously been studied by single-crystaltechniques, so Al-Si distributions are well char- acterized.Unit-cell dimensions and volumes have been measuredfor all seriesmembers and, with data for a previously reported fifth series, have been analyzed as a function of both composition and Al-Si distribution. The a unit-cell dimension, cornmonly used as a measureof composition in alkali feld- spars, is affected to a small but significant extent by Al-Si distribution and also apparenfly doesnot vary linearly with composition, as has previously been assumed.Variation of the b and c unit-cell dimensions with composition is best analyzedseparately for triclinic and monoclinic parts of the topochemically monoclinic series.Furthermore, b is not a linear function of c, an assumption that until now has been made in using these dimensions to calculate Al-Si distributions in alkali feldspars. Variation of c with mole fraction KAlSirO8 (N*) is linear in both the triclinic and the monoclinic parts of the topochemically monoclinic alkali feldspar series, as well as in the potassicregion of the low albite-microcline series.In addition, Ac/AN* slopesare virtually constant for all series.This provides an ordering parameter, c*, which for alkali feldspars with No. -
NI 43-101 Songwe REE Deposit
NI 43-101 Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate for the Songwe Hill Rare Earth Element (REE) Project, Phalombe District, Republic of Malawi Prepared by The MSA Group (Pty) Ltd for: Mkango Resources Ltd Authors: Scott Swinden Consulting Geologist Ph.D., P.Geo. Michael Hall Consulting Geologist Resources Pr.Sci.Nat., MAusIMM Effective Date: September 30, 2012 Date of Signature: November 22, 2012 Table of Contents 1 Summary......................................................................................................................................... viii 1.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................viii 1.2 Property, Location and Ownership.........................................................................................viii 1.3 Geology and Mineralization....................................................................................................viii 1.4 Status of Exploration ................................................................................................................ix 1.5 Mineral Resources.................................................................................................................... x 1.6 Conclusions and Recommendations........................................................................................xi 2 Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 12 2.1 Scope of Work -
A Survey of Ice Nucleating Properties Across the Feldspar Group Of
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., doi:10.5194/acp-2016-136, 2016 Manuscript under review for journal Atmos. Chem. Phys. Published: 19 February 2016 c Author(s) 2016. CC-BY 3.0 License. 1 Not all feldspar is equal: a survey of ice nucleating 2 properties across the feldspar group of minerals 3 4 Alexander D. Harrison1ǂ, Thomas F. Whale1ǂ*, Michael A. Carpenter2, Mark A. 1 1 1 1 5 Holden , Lesley Neve , Daniel O’Sullivan , Jesus Vergara Temprado , Benjamin 6 J. Murray1* 7 1School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK 8 2 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 9 3EQ, UK 10 Correspondence to: T. F. Whale ([email protected]) and B. J. Murray 11 ([email protected]) 12 13 ǂ Both authors contributed equally to the paper 14 15 Abstract 16 Mineral dust particles from wind-blown soils are known to act as effective ice nucleating 17 particles in the atmosphere and are thought to play an important role in the glaciation of 18 mixed phase clouds. Recent work suggests that feldspars are the most efficient nucleators of 19 the minerals commonly present in atmospheric mineral dust. However, the feldspar group of 20 minerals is complex, encompassing a range of chemical compositions and crystal structures. 21 To further investigate the ice-nucleating properties of the feldspar group we measured the ice 22 nucleation activities of 15 well-characterised feldspar samples. We show that alkali feldspars, 23 in particular the potassium feldspars, generally nucleate ice more efficiently than feldspars 24 containing significant amounts of calcium in the plagioclase series. -
Alkaline Magmas in Zones of Continental Convergence
1 Alkaline magmas in zones of continental convergence: 2 The Tezhsar volcano-intrusive ring complex, Armenia 3 4 Krzysztof Sokół1,2, Ralf Halama1*, Khachatur Meliksetian3, Ivan 5 P. Savov4, Gevorg Navasardyan3, Masafumi Sudo5 6 7 1 School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, 8 United Kingdom 9 2 (Present address) School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews, 10 St Andrews, KY16 9AL, United Kingdom 11 3 Institute of Geological Sciences, Armenian National Academy of Sciences, 24a Marshal 12 Baghramian Avenue, 0019, Yerevan, Republic of Armenia 13 4 School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom 14 5 Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht- 15 Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany 16 17 * Corresponding author contact information: 18 Ralf Halama 19 School of Geography, Geology and the Environment 20 Keele University 21 Keele, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom 22 E-mail: [email protected] 23 Phone: +44 (0) 1782 7 34960 1 24 Abstract 25 Alkaline igneous rocks are relatively rare in settings of tectonic convergence and little 26 is known about their petrogenesis in these settings. This study aims to contribute to a 27 better understanding of the formation of alkaline igneous rocks by an investigation of the 28 Tezhsar volcano-intrusive alkaline ring complex (TAC) in the Armenian Lesser Caucasus, 29 which is located between the converging Eurasian and Arabian plates. We present new 30 petrological, geochemical and Sr-Nd isotope data for the TAC to constrain magma genesis 31 and magma source characteristics. -
Formation of the Yosemite Creek Granodiorite: a Field and Geochemical Study
Formation of the Yosemite Creek Granodiorite: a field and geochemical study 14 12 10 8 6 4 15 2 14 phonolite0 13 40 50 60 70 80 12 tephri- trachyte (q<20%) phonolite 11 trachydacite (q>20%) foidite 10 phono- tephrite trachy- 9 andesite rhyolite 8 tephrite ba sa ltic (ol<10%) trachy- 7 andesite basanite trachy- 6 (ol>10%) basalt 5 4 dacite 3 asalt andesite b ba sa ltic 2 picro- andesite basalt 1 0 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 1000 syn-COLG WPG 100 10 VAG 250 1 200 1 10 100 1000 150 100 50 0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 by Erik Bliekendaal Master of Science Thesis Solid Earth Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam 2012 [..] Preface My personal interests in geology developed towards the debate of crust-mantle differentiation during my master. The processes involved in crust-mantle differentiation makes the Earth as it is nowadays. The scale of this phenomena exceed all human proportions with a time-scale that spans the complete history of Earth and will continue far into the future. Length and depth scales of the crust-mantle processes are immense with respect to human proportions. I feel it to be a honour to work with and attribute to such a important and interesting subject. The scientific debate is firm and spreads over a numerous geological disciplines. In my opinion the most interesting of these disciplines are the petrology and geochemistry. Especially the debate with respect to these disciplines is heated and firm due to new geochemical analytical techniques. -
Open Research Online Oro.Open.Ac.Uk
Open Research Online The Open University’s repository of research publications and other research outputs Geochemical Endmembers preserved in the fluviolacustrine sediments of Gale crater Conference or Workshop Item How to cite: Bedford, C. C.; Bridges, J. C.; Schwenzer, S. P.; Wiens, R. C.; Rampe, E. B.; Frydenvang, J. and Gasda, P. J. (2017). Geochemical Endmembers preserved in the fluviolacustrine sediments of Gale crater. In: Fourth International Conference on Early Mars: Geologic, Hydrologic, and Climatic Evolution and the Implications for Life, 2-6 Oct 2017, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA. For guidance on citations see FAQs. c [not recorded] Version: Not Set Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. For more information on Open Research Online’s data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policies page. oro.open.ac.uk GEOCHEMICAL ENDMEMBERS PRESERVED IN THE FLUVIOLACUSTRINE SEDIMENTS OF GALE CRATER. C. C. Bedford1, J. C. Bridges2, S. P. Schwenzer3, R. C. Wiens4, E. B. Rampe5, J. Frydenvang6, P. J. Gasda4. 1School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, UK (can- [email protected]), 2Leicester Institute for Space and Earth Observation, University of Leicester, UK. 3School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK. 4Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA. 5NASA Johnson Space Centre, Houston, TX, US. 6Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Introduction: Gale crater possesses a diverse acquired per observation point and averaged to give the stratigraphic record consisting of conglomerate, fine to observation point compositions used in this study [9]. -
Alkaline Rock Complexes in the Wet Mountains Area, Custer and Fremont Counties, Colorado
Alkaline Rock Complexes in the Wet Mountains Area, Custer and Fremont Counties, Colorado GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1269 Alkaline Rock Complexes in the Wet Mountains Area, Custer and Fremont Counties, Colorado By THEODORE J. ARMBRUSTMACHER GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1269 Geology and petrology of rocks of the McClure Mountain Complex, Gem Park Complex, and complex at Democrat Creek and associated alkaline rocks UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1984 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WILLIAM P. CLARK, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Armbrustmacher, Theodore J., 1946- Alkaline Rock complexes in the Wet Mountains area, Custer and Fremont Counties, Colorado. (Geological Survey Professional Paper 1269) Bibliography: 33 p. Supt. of Docs. No.: 119.16:1269 1. Alkalic igneous rocks. 2. Petrology Colorado Wet Mountains. I. Title. II. Series. QE462.A4A76 552'.3 82-600104 AACR2 CONTENTS Abstract ............................. 1 Ages of the complexes ..................... 14 Introduction ........................... 1 Geochemistry ........................... 15 Acknowledgments ........................ 1 Major elements ....................... 15 Geologic setting ......................... 2 Mafic-ultramafic rocks ................. 15 McClure Mountain Complex .................. 2 Leucocratic rocks ................... 16 Mafic-ultramafic rocks ................... 2 Mafic nepheline-clinopyroxene rocks ......... 19 Layered series ....................