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F.!F.F AREQUIPA - PER No Ej
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN AGUSTÍN DE AREQUIPA FACULTAD DE GEOLOGÍA, GEOFÍSICA Y MINAS ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERÍA GEOLÓGICA "GEOLOGÍA, PROFUNDIZACIÓN Y PROYECTO DE EXPLORACIÓN DE LA VETA MIRTHA" COMPAÑIA DE MINAS BUENAVENTURA S.A.A. DISTRITO DE TAPAY, PROVINCIA DE CAYLLOMA Y DEPARTAMENTO DE AREQUIPA" TESIS PRESENTADA POR EL BACHILLER: ALEX SAUL CALAPUJA CONDORI PARA OPTAR EL TITULO PROFESIONAL DE: INGENIERO GEOLOGO. UNSA- SAOI No. Doc ...fl:?.: .. !f:.f..:f.!f.f_ AREQUIPA - PER No Ej. __________ QL.~ .. f.~fhª!.-E? .13../.U2•. 2014 Firma Registrador. ....... ....... .. ... -......... DEDICATORIA A Dios, por concederme la dicha de la vida y todo lo que soy, por brindarme la sabiduría y el conocimiento de su palabra. Con todo mi cariño y amor, por inculcarme sus valores y sabios consejos en todo momento, a mi queridos padres Braulio y Juana. A mi adorable esposa Beatriz, por su apoyo incondicional y a mi hijo por su fuerza y energía, el que me hizo comprender lo maravilloso que es la vida de ser padre A mis queridos hermanos: Hilda, Wilber, Braulio y Ruby; Gracias por su paciencia y amor. AGRADECIMIENTOS El estudio de tesis titulado: " Geología, Profundización y proyecto de exploración de la Veta Mirtha en el proyecto Tambomayo" Distrito TAPA Y Provincia CA YLLOMA, Departamento AREQUIP A", no habría sido posible sin el apoyo de Compañía de Minas Buenaventura S.A.A. Por ello, mi mayor agradecimiento al Presidente de Directorio Ing. Roque Benavides Gamoza y al Gerente General de Geología Mes Ing. Julio Meza Paredes, al Gerente General de Tambomayo Ing. Renzo Macher Carmelino, y al Superintendente de Geología Tambomayo Ing. -
The Amazon River Without Secrets
Geographic Society of Lima Jr. Puno 450, Lima; post office box 100-1176 Lima, Peru; phone (511) 4273723; (511) 4269930 e-mail: [email protected]; http://socgeolima.org Press Release THE AMAZON RIVER WITHOUT SECRETS Geographic Society of Lima resolves controversial hypotheses concerning the source of the Queen of all Rivers The mystery concerning the sources of the Amazon River, similar to the one concerning those of the Nile, has long been subject to never-ending speculations and academic disputes. The identification of the main river’s source section poses many difficulties for researchers, as all the hydrological criteria are rarely met at the same time. In the case of such a vast hydrographical system and such an important water artery as the Amazon River, the complications increase even more. Hydrologists believe that the stream which runs the most water, which is the longest, and who’s source lies highest above the sea level should be considered the main river. Equally important are criteria concerning the riverbed gradient, the basin activity or the morphology of the terrain. Also, the importance of culture is unquestionable. Sometimes the traditions preserved through history and the culture of a region are arguments influencing the choice of the main river. Since the time of Humboldt, the Marañón has been considered the source tributary of the Amazon River. In 1934 the geodesist Colonel Gerardo Dianderas formulated the insight that it would rather be the Ucayali as it is longer, of higher importance to the history of the region, navigable to a greater extend, and as it plays a more important economic role. -
Urban Climate in Urban Design How Land Use Patterns and Building Types Influence the Urban Comfort
Urban climate in urban design How land use patterns and building types influence the urban comfort ABSTRACT This paper will argue the importance of Another factor that is often neglected is consider urban climate in the urban the land use pattern -morphology- that spatial quality, improving urban comfort creates the public space. Basically in the public spaces. The main topics there are three main land use patterns taken into consideration were the land in Medellin, Colombia, that influence use patterns and the building types. the character of the public spaces they The role of the architect here takes are: importance in the way to get a sustaintable future. i) Traditional: Courtyard houses ("Indian" laws) ii) Planned: Rowhouses (modern INTRODUCTION pattern) iii)lnformal invasion of land by squat The climatic behavior in any urban ters (transit step). space depends on many factors such as surrounding vegetation, During the architectural design process, the urban furniture -lamps, and benches. building's orientation and the size of roads Traffic signals, small commercial sites, should be taken into account, but most of the time the street orientation is not considered. etc- , the orientation of the space, other There are very wonderful examples in this climatic conditions such as solar radia- matter in traditional architecture, in Mompox, tion and wind direction and speed. located in Magdalena river bank, with hot and Also the shape of the buildings, their humid climate, where the orientation of the height, materials and the width of the streets give the public space very efficient street. climatic conditions all day round. Arquinotas. -
Colombia Climate Risk Country Profile
Climate Risk and Adaptation Country Profile April 2011 Key to Map Symbols Capital N !( City Barranquilla Roads Santa Marta !( !( River Valledupar Cartagena !( !( Lake Elevation Sincelejo !( Value High : 7088 Monteria !( Low : -416 Terrestrial Biomes !(Cucuta Tropical Broadleaf Forest Tropical Savanna Rio Magdalena !( Rio Atrato Bucaramanga Medellin !( Manizales Rio Tomo !( Rio Meta Pereira !( Bogota !( !( Rio Vichada Armenia Ibague !( Villavicencio !( Cali !( Neiva Rio Guaviare Rio Inirida !( Pasto Rio Vaupes Rio Apaporis Rio Caqueta 0 125 250 500 Kilometers Vulnerability, Risk Reduction, and Adaptation to CLIMATE Climate Change DISASTER RISK ADAPTATION REDUCTION COLOMBIA Climate Change Team ENV Climate Risk and Adaptation Country Profile Colombia COUNTRY OVERVIEW Colombia encompasses an area of more than 1.1 million square kilometers and is the only country in South America with both a Caribbean and Pacific coastline. With an estimated population of 44.5 million, Colombia is the third most populous country in Latin America.1 Even though Colombia is ranked 77th in the Human Development Index and has an upper middle-income country status and annual GDP of 234 billion USD2, it has one of the highest levels of inequality in the world – 52.6 percent of the total population live below the poverty line and this figure reaches 69 percent in rural areas.3 Colombia has one of the highest rates of internally displaced people (IDP) in the world due to civil conflicts, leaving as many as 3.7 million especially vulnerable to climate change.4 Key Sectors The majority of the population resides in two areas: the elevated Andes, where water shortages and land degradation already pose a threat, and the coastal and Agriculture and Livestock insular areas, where the expected increase in sea level and floods will affect human Water Resources settlements and economic activities. -
Mari Leland Wayzata High School Medina, MN Colombia, Factor 5: Climate Volatility
1 Mari Leland Wayzata High School Medina, MN Colombia, Factor 5: Climate Volatility Colombia: Feeding the Future and Sustaining Safe Water Despite Climate Change In the past, Colombia’s agriculture was blocked by guerrilla violence, rural displacement, and dangerous narcotic businesses. Now that Colombia has worked past those problems and established itself as a Presidential Republic (The World Factbook), a new, bigger, and more indiscriminate barrier is blocking their way: climate volatility. With a diverse geography, Colombia faces different risks throughout. But with increasing political stability, and a new drive to safeguard against a changing climate; water safety and agricultural production can be sustainable. With a population nearing 50 million (The World Factbook), Colombia is the third most populous country in Latin America (Penarredonda). Of its large population, 76.72% of Colombians live in urban settings, leaving around 23.29% to live rurally (Colombia - Urban Population). Recent years in Colombia have seen rapid urbanization, but with the end of corrupt political instability and rural isolation caused by internal conflict, it is likely more Colombians will migrate back to rural areas and farm again (Ama). Rural farming in Colombia is important; the economy has a large base in agricultural exports and overall, 37.5% of land is used for agricultural production (The World Factbook). High-value crops for Colombia include, but are not limited too, tropical fruit, coffee, and cocoa (Daniels). Not only are these crops important to Colombia, but to the world. As the world’s second-largest coffee grower, Colombia produces 13-16% of the global coffee supply and is also the worlds third largest banana exporter (Colombia - Agriculture). -
Learning Units
ITPR “Corrado Gex” Indirizzo Tecnico Turistico Lessons of Geography Learning Units Prof. Luigi CORTESE a.s. 2014 - 2015 Progetto “Expérimenter le principe de la “classe inversée” dans le cadre d’un projet bi- plurilingue” della Regione autonoma Valle d’Aosta – Assessorato Istruzione e Cultura – Sovraintendenza agli Studi List of the Learning Units 1. Amazonia 2. European Borders Through History 3. Climate change & global warming 4. Culture and food 5. Ecotourism & sustainable tourism 6. The Geography of Afghanistan 7. Geography of China 8. Understanding Modern Human 9. Migrations 10. New Zealand 11. Discovering U.S. National Parks Amazonia One of the most important rivers of the World flows through an immense ecosystem where living is still now a natural adventure Amazonia is the heart of our planet biodiversity. Its extension is so huge that large parts of this rainforest territory are still unknown. The richness in flora, fauna is threatened by brutal economic operations, some of which are undertaken without any respect for neither this fragile ecosystem nor for the tribal populations living in it. Objectives You will: Study and learn the characteristic of the Amazon river, with an immersion of a passionate discussion about its sources; Analyse the situation of the rainforest, focusing on the environmental situation and on the life of the original inhabitants; Think about the future of the land, starting from the stories concerning the inner vision of some Amazonian people. Critical Thinking Skills Remembering Locating Analyzing Comparing & contrasting Reasoning Tasks 1. Use the texts provided in the Extended Learning section and look at the map to have a clear vision of the path of the Amazon River. -
Universidad Católica De Santa María
UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE SANTA MARÍA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS Y TECNOLOGÍAS SOCIALES Y HUMANIDADES ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE TURISMO Y HOTELERÍA “EVALUACIÓN DE LA SEÑALIZACIÓN TURÍSTICA DE LOS PRINCIPALES ATRACTIVOS TURÍSTICOS DEL TREKKING EN CABANACONDE, 2015” Tesis presentada por el Bachiller: FEBRES QUIROZ RAÚL ANDRÉS Para optar el Título Profesional de: LICENCIADO EN TURISMO Y HOTELERÍA AREQUIPA–PERÚ 2016 A Dios por darme esperanza brindándome un nuevo día al poner buenas personas en esta travesía las cuales me ayudaron a creer más en El, gracias Señor. A mis padres y hermanos que a pesar de todo confiaron en mí y me apoyaron en todo momento para poder lograr este objetivo en mi vida. A los pobladores del Colca personas amables sin cuya colaboración hubiese sido muy difícil lograr esta meta. A mi gran amigo Deyvi por su paciencia, tolerancia y principalmente su lealtad. ii Agradecimientos especiales: A mi profesor Mgter. Julio Manrique Valdivia, una persona especial, ya que sin su ayuda este trabajo no hubiera sido posible. A la Municipalidad distrital de Cabanaconde que brindó toda la información necesaria para desarrollar este trabajo de investigación que espero se pueda concretar y ayude al desarrollo turístico de la provincia. A todas las personas que me brindaron su amistad, sus conocimientos, su tiempo y todo el apoyo necesario para poder terminar el presente trabajo. GRACIAS TOTALES. iii ÍNDICE RESUMEN ........................................................................................................ ix ABSTRACT...................................................................................................... -
Mining-Induced Displacement and Resettlement in Colombia
Mining-induced displacement and resettlement in Colombia Socio-economic and cultural consequences of resettlements of campesinos and indigenous people - The case of the Cerrejón open pit mine in La Guajira Masterarbeit vorgelegt von Benedikt Hora bei Univ. Prof. Dr. Martin Coy Universität Innsbruck August 2014 Masterarbeit Mining-induced displacement and resettlement in Colombia Socio-economic and cultural consequences of resettlements of campesinos and indigenous people – The case of the Cerrejón open pit mine in La Guajira Verfasser Benedikt Hora B.Sc. Angestrebter akademischer Grad Master of Science (M.Sc.) eingereicht bei Herrn Univ. Prof. Dr. Martin Coy Institut für Geographie Fakultät für Geo- und Atmosphärenwissenschaften an der Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck Eidesstattliche Erklärung Ich erkläre hiermit an Eides statt durch meine eigenhändige Unterschrift, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit selbstständig verfasst und keine anderen als die angegebene Quellen und Hilfsmittel verwendet habe. Alle Stellen, die wörtlich oder inhaltlich an den angegebenen Quellen entnommen wurde, sind als solche kenntlich gemacht. Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde bisher in gleicher oder ähnlicher Form noch nicht als Magister- /Master-/Diplomarbeit/Dissertation eingereicht. _______________________________ Innsbruck, August 2014 Unterschrift Contents CONTENTS Contents ................................................................................................................................................................................. 3 Preface -
Peru and Bolivia Tour Itinerary
Peru & Bolivia Tour PERU & BOLIVIA TOUR: DAY BY DAY ITINERARY Day Activities ActivitiesMeals Welcome To Lima- The "City of Kings": Upon arrival you will be met at the 1 airport and privately escorted to your hotel - Lima to Paracas: In the morning (or afternoon) your sightseeing tour explores Miraflores and San Isidro, the modern districts of Lima and its historic center, declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The tour 2 includes a visit of San Francisco, the city's most visited church (1674). Its underground tunnels lead to catacombs that served as a cemetery until B 1808 and still contain bones and skulls. Our next stop is at the Larco Herrera Museum. The collection allows the understanding of 3,000 years of the Peruvian pre-Columbian history in an ituitive way. Its masterpieces are considered worldwide icons of pre-Inca art and have been displayed in the world´s most renowed museums. Lima . Paracas ( 260 km - Approx 4 hours): Transfer to the bus station for the regular tourist bus service from Lima to Paracas (unescorted). On B 3 arrival to the bus station in Paracas you will be met and transferred to the hotel. Afternoon at leisure Paracas/Ica/Nasca: Morning transfer to the Ballestas Islands, aboard a speedboat. Once you arrive you will enjoy close-up observations of dozens of sea lions as they swim near the boat or sun themselves on shore. B 4 You can also watch marine bird species, like the Guanay Cormorant, Peruvian pelicans and with some luck, Humboldt Penguins. Then head to Nasca. -
Correct Placement of the Most Distant Source of the Amazon River in the Mantaro River Drainage
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Previously Published Works Title Correct placement of the most distant source of the Amazon River in the Mantaro River drainage Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6js988dk Journal Area, 46(1) ISSN 00040894 Authors Contos, James Tripcevich, Nicholas Publication Date 2014-03-01 DOI 10.1111/area.12069 Supplemental Material https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6js988dk#supplemental Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California bs_bs_banner Area, 2014, 46.1, 27–39, doi: 10.1111/area.12069 Correct placement of the most distant source of the Amazon River in the Mantaro River drainage James Contos* and Nicholas Tripcevich** *SierraRios, San Diego, CA 92117, USA Email: [email protected] **Archeological Research Facility, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1076, USA Revised manuscript received 11 November 2013 The Amazon River (‘Río de las Amazonas’) has the highest discharge of any river in the world and is also the longest or second longest. Its source has therefore intrigued scholars and explorers for centuries. A river’s source is often defined as the most distant upstream point in the drainage basin. For the past several decades, the longest upstream extension of the Amazon River has been held to be the Nevado Mismi area of the Río Apurímac drainage. We overturn this longstanding view by employing topographic maps, satellite imagery, digital hydrographic datasets and GPS tracking data to show that the Cordillera Rumi Cruz (10.7320°S, 76.6480°W; elevation ∼5220 m) in the Río Mantaro drainage lies 75–92 km further upstream than Nevado Mismi. -
INDIGENOUS LIFE PROJECTS and EXTRACTIVISM Ethnographies from South America Edited by CECILIE VINDAL ØDEGAARD and JUAN JAVIER RIVERA ANDÍA
INDIGENOUS LIFE PROJECTS AND EXTRACTIVISM Ethnographies from South America Edited by CECILIE VINDAL ØDEGAARD and JUAN JAVIER RIVERA ANDÍA APPROACHES TO SOCIAL INEQUALITY AND DIFFERENCE Approaches to Social Inequality and Difference Series Editors Edvard Hviding University of Bergen Bergen, Norway Synnøve Bendixsen University of Bergen Bergen, Norway The book series contributes a wealth of new perspectives aiming to denaturalize ongoing social, economic and cultural trends such as the processes of ‘crimigration’ and racialization, fast-growing social-economic inequalities, depoliticization or technologization of policy, and simultaneously a politicization of difference. By treating naturalization simultaneously as a phenomenon in the world, and as a rudimentary analytical concept for further development and theoretical diversification, we identify a shared point of departure for all volumes in this series, in a search to analyze how difference is produced, governed and reconfigured in a rapidly changing world. By theorizing rich, globally comparative ethnographic materials on how racial/cultural/civilization differences are currently specified and naturalized, the series will throw new light on crucial links between differences, whether biologized and culturalized, and various forms of ‘social inequality’ that are produced in contemporary global social and political formations. More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/14775 Cecilie Vindal Ødegaard Juan Javier Rivera Andía Editors Indigenous Life Projects and Extractivism Ethnographies from South America Editors Cecilie Vindal Ødegaard Juan Javier Rivera Andía University of Bergen Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bergen, Norway Barcelona, Spain Approaches to Social Inequality and Difference ISBN 978-3-319-93434-1 ISBN 978-3-319-93435-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93435-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018954928 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2019. -
The Temple of Blindness: an Investigation of the Inca Shrine of Ancocagua
Andean Past Volume 5 Article 9 1998 The eT mple of Blindness: An Investigation of the Inca Shrine of Ancocagua Johan Reinhard The Mountain Institute, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/andean_past Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Reinhard, Johan (1998) "The eT mple of Blindness: An Investigation of the Inca Shrine of Ancocagua," Andean Past: Vol. 5 , Article 9. Available at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/andean_past/vol5/iss1/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Andean Past by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE TEMPLE OF BLINDNESS: AN INVESTIGATION OF THE INCA SHRINE OF ANCOCAGUA Johan Reinhard The Mountain Institute, Franklin, West Virginia and The Field Museum o/Natural.History, Chicago "In the district of Canas there was a temple which they When I first began searching for clues to called Ancocagua: there they made sacrifices according to their blindness." the location of Ancocagua in the historical ac- Pedro Cieza de Le6n1 counts, I did not find its name directly associ- ated with a temple. However, it does appear in historical records from the province of Ancocagua must be one of the most enig- Canas. In a list of communities dating to 1575 matic Inca sites mentioned in early colonial one called Ancocaua3 is listed next to Copo- documents. The renowned Spanish chroni- raque and Yauri (in Hatun Canas), as it was in cler, Cieza de Leon (1977 [1554]:107), listed it as the fourth most important temple in the lists prepared in 1583, 1599, and 1812 (Glave Inca empire.