Executive Summary Meeting Date: November 13, 2017 Agenda Item: TA/CPA 17-06 Map Amendment 5105 West Tyson Avenue Presente

Executive Summary

Meeting Date: November 13, 2017 Agenda Item: TA/CPA 17-06 Map Amendment 5105 West Tyson Avenue Presenter: David A. Hey, Jr., AICP ext. 375 Action Necessary: Yes

Summary: The Imagine 2040: Tampa Comprehensive Plan is the official document guiding the long-term development of the City of Tampa. The Planning Commission is required to make recommendations to the Tampa City Council on all proposed changes to the Imagine 2040: Tampa Comprehensive Plan pursuant to Chapter 163, Part II, Florida Statutes and Chapter 97-351, Laws of Florida as amended.

Plan Amendment TA/CPA 17-06 is a privately initiated request to amend the Imagine 2040: Tampa Comprehensive Plan Future Land Use Plan Map. The subject site is located in the South Tampa Planning District, and more specifically at 5105 West Tyson Avenue, located on Rattlesnake Point in the Gandy/Sun Bay neighborhood.

The subject site is also located within the Coastal High Hazard Area. The comprehensive plan defines the Coastal High Hazard Area as “the area below the elevation of the category 1 storm surge line as established by a Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) computerized storm surge model.”

The request is to change the Future Land Use designation for an approximate 11.93- acre subject site from Heavy Industrial (HI) to Community Mixed Use-35 (CMU-35). Currently, residential uses are not permitted on the subject site.

Planning Commission staff identified a number of issues related to the proposed introduction of the Community Mixed Use-35 Future Land Use category onto Rattlesnake Point. The Comprehensive Plan recognizes the importance of industrial planned areas to our region’s economy and seeks to maintain these areas for further intensification. The entire subject site is located within the Coastal High Hazard Area (CHHA). An objective of the Comprehensive Plan is to direct future populations away from the CHHA. Also, placing residential uses within proximity to heavy industrial uses, especially within 350 feet of an industrial use that works with highly toxic chemicals, is not encouraged and would not be supportive of the existing industrial uses. The proposed plan amendment is inconsistent with policy direction in the Comprehensive Plan.

Recommendation: It is recommended that the Planning Commission find map amendment TA/CPA 17-

Plan Hillsborough 06 INCONSISTENT with the Imagine 2040: Tampa Comprehensive Plan and forward planhillsborough.org this recommendation to the Tampa City Council. [email protected] 813.-272-5940 601 E Kennedy Blvd Attachments: 18th Floor Resolution, Staff Report, Map Series, Agency Comments, and Application Tampa, FL, 33602

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Resolution Item: TA/CPA 17-06 Map Amendment 5105 West Tyson Avenue

AYE NAY ABSENT DATE: November 13, 2017

Mitch Thrower, Chair

Matthew D Buzza John Dicks Derek L Doughty, PE Mitch Thrower Theodore Trent Green, RA Chair Nigel M Joseph Karen Kress, AICP Michael Maurino Jacqueline S Wilds

Melissa E Zornitta, AICP Melissa E. Zornitta, AICP Executive Director Executive Director On motion of ______Seconded by ______

The following resolution was adopted:

WHEREAS, the Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission, has developed a Comprehensive Plan for the City of Tampa entitled Imagine 2040: Tampa Comprehensive Plan, pursuant to the provisions of Chapter 163.3161, Florida Statutes, which was adopted by Tampa City Council on January 7, 2016, as amended; and

WHEREAS, the Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission and Tampa City Council adopted the Procedures Manual for Amendments to the Tampa Comprehensive Plan on October 9, 1986, and subsequently amended; and

WHEREAS, the Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission has received a privately-initiated petition for an amendment to the Imagine 2040: Tampa Plan Hillsborough Comprehensive Plan by the May 2017 submittal deadline; and planhillsborough.org [email protected] WHEREAS, the Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission has 813-272-5940 reviewed the proposed map change, considering, as well, those applicable adopted 601 E Kennedy Blvd 18th Floor goals, objectives, and policies of the Imagine 2040: Tampa Comprehensive Plan as Tampa, FL, 33602 follows:

3 Resolution City of Tampa Comprehensive Plan Amendment: TA/CPA 17-06 Map Amendment 5105 West Tyson Avenue November 13, 2017

City Design - Goals, Objectives, and Policies

LU Objective 1.2: Create inspired urban design while respecting Tampa’s human scale, unique history, aesthetics, natural environment, and sense of community identity as the City changes and evolves.

LU Policy 1.2.3: Relate new buildings and development to the context of the neighborhood and community. Industrial Lands - Development and Redevelopment

LU Objective 8.9: Recognize industrial lands for their support to key economic engines within the City in order to strengthen Tampa’s role as a regional employment center.

LU Policy 8.9.1: Accommodate a range of employment activity to ensure employment opportunities are available for the City’s diverse residential population, including maintaining healthy manufacturing and industrial areas.

LU Policy 8.9.2: Encourage the continued intensification, and existence of industrial, warehousing, and distribution facilities and provide opportunities for new warehousing/distribution activities in select locations, to provide a range of employment opportunities to Tampa’s residents.

LU Objective 8.10: Preserve light and heavy industrial areas which are appropriately located in terms of traffic accessibility, minimizing their environmental effects on surrounding areas, and ensuring compatibility with surrounding land uses.

LU Policy 8.10.5: Heavy industrial uses shall have priority over other uses on undeveloped property appropriately designated as heavy industrial. Overall Residential Development and Redevelopment – Goals, Objectives, and Policies

LU Objective 9.3: Compatible development and redevelopment to sustain stable, neighborhoods and ensure the social and economic health of the City.

LU Policy 9.3.4: Through the rezoning process, discourage residential development in close proximity to industrial zoned areas with unacceptable levels of noise and/or odor as defined in the zoning code and rules of the Hillsborough County Environmental Protection Commission. Coastal High Hazard Area

CM Objective 1.1: Direct future population concentrations away from the Coastal High Hazard Area (CHHA) so as to achieve a no net increase in overall residential density within the CHHA.

CM Policy 1.1.1: The CHHA is hereby defined as the area below the elevation of the category 1 storm surge line as established by a Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) computerized storm surge model.

4 Resolution City of Tampa Comprehensive Plan Amendment: TA/CPA 17-06 Map Amendment 5105 West Tyson Avenue November 13, 2017

CM Policy 1.1.5: Plan amendments within the Coastal High Hazard Area shall be limited to uses that are water enhanced, water related, water dependent, or which have been shown to support the Tampa Port Authority Master Plan. Hurricane Evacuation and Shelters

CM Objective 1.2: Maintain and reduce hurricane clearance times within the City as a component of maintaining and reducing evacuation times for Hillsborough County and the Region.

CM Policy 1.2.5: Proposed plan amendments which would increase densities within the Coastal Planning Area shall demonstrate no negative impacts on hurricane evacuation times, routes and shelter demands. Proposed plan amendments that will increase hurricane evacuation times shall mitigate impacts (such as, but not limited to, providing transportation improvements, agreements with HART to provide emergency evacuation service, or emergency van pools). Water Dependent/Related Uses

CM Objective 1.6: Water Dependent and Water Related Uses will be directed into suitable areas that meet or exceed applicable criteria established in this element and that are compatible with the Urban Design and Land Use Element.

CM Policy 1.6.1: Give priority to locating active Water Dependent and Water Related Uses within the Coastal Planning Area which are designated Light or Heavy Industrial on the Future Land Use Map. Water dependent and water related uses which are not industrial in nature may also be considered in other parts of the Coastal Planning Area in accordance with the Coastal Management strategies.

CM Policy 1.6.5: Pursue the development of a long-term working water-fronts program to develop and implement strategies to preserve and expand commercial working waterfront lands and enhance recreational use and enjoyment of the waterfront. Environmental - Goals, Objectives, and Policies

ENV Objective 1.1: Take the appropriate actions toward compliance with all national and state ambient air quality standards and local pollution control efforts.

ENV Policy 1.1.6: Locate new industrial point sources of air pollution appropriately to prevent deterioration of ambient air quality.

WHEREAS, the Planning Commission staff has determined that TA/CPA 17-06 is inconsistent with the goals, objectives, and policies of the Imagine 2040: Tampa Comprehensive Plan.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission finds Tampa Comprehensive Plan Amendment TA/CPA 17-06 INCONSISTENT with the Imagine 2040: Tampa Comprehensive Plan and forwards this recommendation to Tampa City Council for its consideration.

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6 City of Tampa: TA/CPA 17-06 5105 West Tyson Avenue Planning Commission Public Hearing: November 13, 2017

Future Land Use Map Amendment Summary Information

Application Type Privately Initiated Location Address:5105 West Tyson Avenue Property Size 11.93± acres (519,670+ sq. ft.) Folio Number 131227.0000 Existing Future Land Use Heavy Industrial (HI) Proposed Future Land Use Community Mixed Use-35 (CMU-35) Existing Land Use Industrial, Open Storage Roadways West Tyson Avenue is designated as a local roadway Neighborhood Gandy-Sun Bay South Vision Map Designations South Tampa Planning District Agency Review Comments Objections: City of Tampa, Hillsborough County EPC All Agency Comments are provided in Attachment B Applicable Plan Sections City Design, Industrial Lands – Development and Redevelopment, Overall Residential Development and Redevelopment, Coastal High Hazard Area, Hurricane Evacuation and Shelters, Water Dependent/Related Uses, Environmental Other Considerations The subject site is located within the Coastal High Hazard Area (CHHA) Link to Application http://www.planhillsborough.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/TA-CPA- 17-06-Application-for-Web.pdf Staff Planner David A. Hey, Jr., AICP, [email protected], 813-273-3774 ext. 375 Staff Recommendation INCONSISTENT

7 Impact of Proposed Change

The applicant is requesting a Future Land Use Map designation change the following change:

Potential Impact Current Land Use Category Proposed Land Use Category Acres: 11.93 Heavy Industrial (HI) Community Mixed Use-35 (CMU-35) Maximum Density Not Applicable Up to 35 dwelling units per gross acre (DU/AC) Maximum Residential Not Applicable 417 DU Development Potential Range of Allowable Uses Manufacturing, research and Medium intensity/density development, flex space, residential, professional office and industry incubators, commercial development. professional office, and similar uses. Maximum Floor Area Ratio 1.5 FAR, allowing a potential 2.0 FAR, allowing a potential for up (FAR)/Maximum Development for up to 779,505 square feet to 1,039,341 square feet of non- Potential of non-residential uses residential uses, residential uses, or a mixture of uses.

Practical Impacts The proposed amendment would allow for residential development, which is currently not permitted under the adopted Heavy Industrial Future Land Use category.

Context of Proposed Change

Existing Land Uses and Typical Development in the Area.

The subject site is currently industrial in character, mostly used for open storage. The subject site is located on Rattlesnake Point, in the Gandy-Sun Bay South neighborhood which is located within the South Tampa Planning District. The surrounding area is predominantly industrial in character, with some vacant properties located mostly to the east and south. Construction for a mixed-use project, formerly known as Newport, is currently occurring to the east of the subject site, across an adjacent shipping channel. Public utility uses (Marina), represented by the turquoise color, is located to the south of the subject site. Hulu Bay Restaurant is also located to the south Existing Land Use Map of the subject site. Directly to the west of the subject site are a number of publicly owned lands, which are represented by the blue color. Additional heavy industrial uses, represented by the black color and light industrial uses, represented by the gray color, are located to the west of the subject site, on the western end of Rattlesnake Point. Single-family detached residential units, represented by the yellow color and multi-family residential units, represented by the brown color, are located further to the south and west of the subject site.

Future Land Uses

The subject site and properties located directly to the south, west, and east are designated Heavy Industrial (LI) and are represented by the dark gray color. Parcels that are represented by the pink color, to the west and southeast of the subject site, represents the Community Mixed Use-35 Future Land Use category. Properties located across the shipping channel to the east of the subject site, represented by the light purple, are designated Urban Mixed Use-60. The Environmentally Sensitive Areas are represented by the light green color while the light blue color, located to the north of the subject site, represents the Adopted Future Land Use Map Public/Semi-Public Future Land Use category.

Applicable Comprehensive Plan Policies and Criteria

City Design - Goals, Objectives, and Policies

LU Policy 1.2.3: Relate new buildings and development to the context of the neighborhood and community.

Industrial Lands - Development and Redevelopment

LU Objective 8.9: Recognize industrial lands for their support to key economic engines within the City in order to strengthen Tampa’s role as a regional employment center.

LU Policy 8.10.5: Heavy industrial uses shall have priority over other uses on undeveloped property appropriately designated as heavy industrial.

Rattlesnake Point

LU Objective 8.11: Encourage the transition of the Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area from its current mix of heavy and light industrial uses to a mix of residential/commercial retail uses in a waterfront community in a manner that protects public health, safety and welfare. The Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area is that area located west of Westshore Boulevard on Tyson Avenue.

LU Policy 8.11.1: Rezonings within the CMU-35 land use category shall be approved through the PD zoning process.

LU Policy 8.11.2: Notwithstanding Policy 8.11.6 of this section, no new heavy industrial uses or expansions of currently existing heavy industrial uses (other than those uses permitted in the office and commercial zoning districts of the City Code) shall be permitted on property designated CMU - 35 within the Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area unless allowed as part of a Planned Development zoning pursuant to Policy 8.11.1. This policy shall not apply to existing lawful uses on property within the Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area which has an Industrial General (IG) or Industrial Heavy (IH) land use.

10 LU Policy 8.11.3: For property within the Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area which is designated CMU-35, allow uses permitted in the Industrial General (IG) zoning district on property that is currently industrial zoned until such time as the parcel is rezoned for uses allowed within the CMU-35 land use through the PD zoning process.

LU Policy 8.11.4: The City, when reviewing/ approving requests for rezonings pursuant to Policy 8.11.1 that propose collocation of existing and new uses in the same Planned Development site plan in the Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area shall review the timing of the development’s mitigation of transportation impacts and consideration of reasonable public access to the waterfront. Co-location of industrial uses shall be allowed during the transition of Rattlesnake Point pursuant to site plan rezonings.

LU Policy 8.11.5: Rezoning applications on property designated CMU-35 within the Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area may be approved pursuant to Policy 8.11.1 and PD zoning conditions addressing (a) the mitigation of related impacts consistent with applicable law; and (b) the consideration of reasonable public access to the waterfront; (c) where proposed PD rezoning about existing heavy industrial uses that are hazardous to public health and safety, demonstration through design and accepted practices that the occupants of the new use shall not be unduly at risk from such hazards; and (d) where the PD incudes existing light industrial uses, indication of any planned phased transition of such uses within the PD as development progresses.

LU Policy 8.11.6: Notwithstanding the fact that the Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area is located in a Transportation Concurrency Exception Area, any and all rezonings and/ or development agreements shall also address the mitigation of transportation impacts in a manner consistent with the comprehensive plan and all applicable land development regulations. Such mitigation will be separate from the payment of transportation impact fees, but shall be eligible for impact fee credit if and as provided for in City of Tampa Code of Ordinances. The City may allow transportation impacts to be mitigated by way of contribution to mass transit or other multi-modal solutions (such as bus or rapid transit stops, ferry or other means of transportation, for example) and other means if and as permitted by applicable law.

LU Policy 8.11.7: Residential development within the Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area shall be required to mitigate its impact on hurricane shelter space.

Overall Residential Development and Redevelopment – Goals, Objectives, and Policies

LU Objective 9.3: Compatible development and redevelopment to sustain stable, neighborhoods and ensure the social and economic health of the City.

Coastal High Hazard Area

CM Objective 1.1: Direct future population concentrations away from the Coastal High Hazard Area (CHHA) so as to achieve a no net increase in overall residential density within the CHHA.

11 Hurricane Evacuation and Shelters

CM Objective 1.2: Maintain and reduce hurricane clearance times within the City as a component of maintaining and reducing evacuation times for Hillsborough County and the Region.

CM Policy 1.2.2: Rezonings in the Coastal Planning Area that increase the number of residential units shall mitigate the impact on shelter space demands based on the shelter space LOS.

Water Dependent/Related Uses

Environmental - Goals, Objectives, and Policies

ENV Objective 1.1: Take the appropriate actions toward compliance with all national and state ambient air quality standards and local pollution control efforts.

ENV Policy 1.1.6: Locate new industrial point sources of air pollution appropriately to prevent deterioration of ambient air quality. Staff Analysis

The approximately 11.93-acre subject site, located on Rattlesnake Point, is currently designated Heavy Industrial (HI) and zoned Industrial-General (IG). The subject site is currently used for industrial storage. Originally requesting the Urban Mixed Use-60 Future Land Use category, the applicant, in late October, amended their requested land use change down to the Community Mixed Use-35 Future Land Use category.

Rattlesnake Point peninsula is a unique area within the City of Tampa. The peninsula, located within the South Tampa Planning District, has historically been industrial in character and also is still served by an active rail line. As land prices in the South Tampa Planning District have continued to rise over the years, there have been desires by certain property owners on the peninsula to redevelop properties with residential uses.

Between 2002 to 2005, a number of parcels located to the east of the subject site sought Future Land Use map amendments to transition from a Heavy Industrial (HI) Future Land Use category to either Urban Mixed Use-60 or Community Mixed Use-35. These sites either provided direct access to Westshore Boulevard or were part of developments proposed to have direct access

12 onto adjacent Gandy Boulevard. The Rattlesnake Point peninsula has been and continues to be industrial in character since it was created by reclaiming land found within Old Tampa Bay.

In 2006, a number of property owners sought a Comprehensive Plan Map Amendment to change nine properties designated as Heavy Industrial (HI), located to the west of the subject site, to Community Mixed Use-35 (CMU-35). This plan amendment was sent to the State Department of Community Affairs for review. After receiving the DCA Report in 2007 and after negotiations with the City Attorney and all the property owners on Rattlesnake Point, the Tampa City Council adopted Ordinance No. 2007-41 (Comprehensive Plan Amendment PA 06-04) which set out the policy direction of the City for the future redevelopment of the area as a long-term transition involving all property owners on Rattlesnake Point. The adopted policies required a transition plan to be developed involving all property owners and prohibited residential development until such time that the existing heavy industrial relocated.

In 2016, a private text amendment (TA CPA 16-02) was initiated to alter the approved text regarding the Goals, Objectives, and Policies related to timing and overall permitted uses on Rattlesnake Point. The language, eventually approved by Tampa City Council, removed the requirement for a transition plan and the prohibition on the development of residential uses while heavy industrial uses were present on the Rattlesnake Point peninsula. The majority of the approved language dealt with the overall process to allow non-industrial development to occur within the Community Mixed Use-35 Future Land Use category.

The Rattlesnake Point peninsula remains home to a number of heavy industrial uses. No new non-industrial development has occurred or been entitled through a rezoning on Rattlesnake Point since 2006 within areas designated Community Mixed Use-35. The peninsula remains industrial in character and remains one of the only industrial areas in the City that provide both heavy rail and deep-water access.

Chemical Formulators, Inc., a division of Allied Universal Corporation, is located at 5215 West Tyson Avenue, approximately 350 feet west of the subject site. This property is one of the remaining parcels on Rattlesnake Point that is designated Heavy Industrial (HI). This facility manufactures Sodium Hypochlorite (bleach) in large quantities. Besides the manufacturing of Sodium Hypochlorite, chemicals also found on site include: Chlorine, Sodium Hydroxide, Hydrochloric (Muriatic Acid), Pool Acid, Sulfuric Acid, and Sulfur Dioxide. There have been at least two documented releases of chlorine gas from this location based on OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) records. On July 6, 1998, sixty-two employees of Trident Shipworks, Inc., a neighboring business, were transferred to area hospitals after a chemical leak from the adjacent Chemical Formulators, Inc. Seven employees were hospitalized for chemical inhalation while fifty-five were released. Then, in October of 2003, five employees were hospitalized as a result of a chlorine leak. Though accidents are rare, they can occur at any time. This potential risk for a leak is one of the primary reasons why residential uses are discouraged from locating within proximity to heavy industrial uses.

Chemical Formulators, Inc. located and invested in an area of the City of Tampa clearly planned and programmed for such heavy industrial uses. To place residential uses within approximately 400 feet of a heavy industrial use, which works with toxic chemicals, threatens the long-term viability of Chemical Formulators and other industrial and shipping related business on Rattlesnake Point (ENV Policy 1.1.6) The Comprehensive Plan recognizes the importance of industrial planned areas to our region’s economy and seeks to maintain these areas for further intensification (LU Policies 8.9.1 and 8.9.2). Also, the existing industrial uses on Rattlesnake Point are located within proximity to U.S. Highway 92 (Gandy Boulevard) and utilize rail and water connections for deliveries. The subject site is one of only two parcels on Rattlesnake Point whose sole vehicular access point crosses the CSX railroad right-of-way, which provides deliveries of chemicals to nearby Chemical

13 Formulators. The other parcel, located directly to the west of the subject site, is designated Heavy Industrial and is zoned both IG and IH. The Comprehensive Plan promotes the preservation of industrial planned areas that have access to an adequate transportation network and are water dependent or water-related (CM Policies 1.6.1 and 1.6.5). The overall context of the Rattlesnake Point peninsula has been industrial in character ever since the peninsula was created in the late 1940’s. The proposed Future Land Use map amendment would potentially create a development pattern that is clearly opposite to the industrial context that is currently found on the peninsula. Placing residential uses within proximity to heavy industrial uses is not encouraged and would not be supportive of the industrial uses, clearly inconsistent with policy direction in the Comprehensive Plan. (LU Policies 1.2.3, 9.3.4).

Based on data from the Hillsborough County Property Appraiser from August 2017, parcels designated Heavy or Light Industrial on the adopted Future Land Use Map, comprise approximately 5,335 acres, or 7%, of the City of Tampa’s total land area of 75,575 acres. the approximately 5,335 acres of property designated Heavy or Light Industrial, approximately 1,757 acres, or 32%, is actually used for industrially related purposes. Properties designated Heavy Industrial on the Future Land Use Map total 3,485 acres but only approximately 475 acres or 14% are used for Heavy Industrial purposes. Of The largest single existing land use in the Heavy and Light Industrial planned areas are Public/Institutional uses, which comprise a total of 1,770 acres, or approximately 33% of the City’s total lands designated Heavy or Light Industrial. Industrial uses, by their unique nature, are limited to where they may be safely located. Residential uses can be considered in many of the city’s residential and mixed-use land use categories. Of the City of Tampa’s approximately 64,033 acres of developable area, approximately 37,613 acres, or 58%, can be considered for residential purposes.

The entire subject site is located within the Coastal High Hazard Area (CHHA). An objective of the Comprehensive Plan is to direct future populations away from the CHHA (CM Objective 1.1). If approved, the proposed plan amendment would allow residential development where the Comprehensive Plan directs population away from. Policy direction in the Comprehensive Plan states that plan amendments which would increase the density within the CHHA must ensure that adequate public hurricane shelter capacity is available to accommodate the future population. In accordance with the “Local Mitigation Strategy” and the Coastal Management Policies of the Comprehensive Plan, the applicant would be required to mitigate the impacts of increased hurricane evacuation times (CM Policy 1.2.5). Future proposed development of the site requires a rezoning application and review. At that time the property owner will be obligated to mitigate the impact on shelter space demands if there are any, based on the shelter space level of service (CM Policy 1.2.2). Additionally, development of this site will require any structures to meet the requirements of the Florida building code for wind, flood proofing, and storm surge protection thus mitigating the potential impacts associated with hurricanes and severe weather events (CM Objective 1.3 and CM Policy 1.3.1).

Land Use Objective 8.11 encourages the transition of the peninsula to a more mixed-use development pattern “in a manner that protects the public health, safety, and welfare”. Though the Comprehensive Plan encourages the transition of Rattlesnake Point to a more mixed-use development pattern the Planning Commission staff cannot ignore the policy direction directing population increases away from the Coastal High Hazard Area and policies promoting the protection of the City’s industrial land use categories. Planning Commission staff is directed to ensure the “public health, safety and welfare” and, based on the conflicting policy direction found within the Comprehensive Plan, staff must take the conservative approach and recommend that the proposed plan amendment be found inconsistent.

14 Recommendation

Staff recommends that the Planning Commission find the proposed land use designation change for the City of Tampa, CPA 17-06, from Heavy Industrial to Community Mixed Use-35 on the plan amendment site (11.93+ acres) INCONSISTENT with the Imagine 2040: Tampa Comprehensive Plan and forward this recommendation to the Tampa City Council.

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Attachment A

Map Series

1. General Locator Map 2. Aerial Map 3. Existing Land Use Map 4. Adopted Future Land Use Map 5. Proposed Future Land Use Map Change

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18 FIGURE 1

LUTZ LAKE FERN RD CITY OF TAMPA GENERAL LOCATION MAP AUGUST 2017 PLAN AMENDMENT SUBMITTAL

LEGEND

LIVINGSTONAVE

BRUCE B DOWNS BLVD PLAN AMENDMENT

MORRIS BRIDGE RD ^ COUNTY BOUNDARY

JURISDICTION BOUNDARY

Y URBAN SERVICE AREA W P X E FLETCHER AVE TAMPA SERVICE AREA S RACE TRACK RD N A R EXISTING MAJOR ROAD NETWORK E

V FOWLER AVE MAJOR RIVERS

WATER LINEBAUGH AVE

BUSCH BLVD TA/CPA 17-06 TYSON AVENUE

TA/CPA 17-10 ROCKY POINT BASIN

FLORIDA AVE FLORIDA

I-4 WEST CLEVELAND STREET AND TA/CPA 17-12 SOUTH TAMPANIA AVENUE US HWY 92

HILLSBOROUGH AVE I-75 US HWY 301 KINGSWAY RD KINGSWAY 7113 SOUTH KISSIMMEE STREET HARNEY RD TA/CPA 17-13

I-275

M L KING BLVD WEST TYSON AVENUE ARMENIAAVE TA/CPA 17-14

Y HIMESAVE BELL CSW EY CAMP COURTN ^ COLUMBUS DR

TA/CPA-17-10 SR 60 / ADAMO DR FALKENBURG RD

DALE MABRYHWY

O Y H

W S ^ P T X TA/CPA-17-12 E S E

DG E

RI N CAUSEWAY BLVD B W ND O LA M K L N BAYSHORE BLVD A E FR S D Y R A O W R O E /H 5 E 7 L -2 I TA/CPA-17-14

MACDILL AVE MACDILL

JURISDICTION BOUNDARIES: Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission.

URBAN SERVICE AREA BOUNDARIES: Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission. US HWY 41 GANDY BRIDGE ^ ACCURACY: It is intended that the accuracy of the base map comply with U.S. map accuracy standards. However, such accuracy is not guaranteed by the Hillsborough County City-County ^ Planning Commisiion. TA/CPA-17-06 REPRODUCTION: This sheet may not be reproduced in part or full for sale to anyone without ^ specific approval of the Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission. TA/CPA-17-13 0 3,950 7,900 15,800 23,700 31,600 Feet µ 19

Author: CATANIAC Date: 8/30/2017 Path: G:\gisroot\Projects\Bev\Plan_Amendment_Map_Series\TCpa\tcpaAugust2017loc.mxd FIGURE 2 CITY OF TAMPA AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

W Gandy Blvd W McElroy Ave TA/CPA 17-06

LEGEND

Bridge St W Paul Ave

PLAN AMENDMENT AREA

ROADS AND BOUNDARY LINES

W Price Ave COUNTY BOUNDARY JURISDICTION BOUNDARY

TAMPA SERVICE AREA

URBAN SERVICE AREA

W Tyson Ave WestShoreS Blvd

DATA SOURCES: Aerial Photography 2016, Hillsborough County Geomatics.

PARCEL DATA: Hillsborough County Property Appraiser.

REPRODUCTION: This sheet may not be reproduced in part or full for sale to anyone without specific approval of the Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission.

0 160 320 640 960 1,280 Feet

Author: colangeg Yeats Manor Dr Manor Yeats Date: 6/29/2017

BowenDaniel Dr Path: G:\gisroot\Projects\GregColangelo\Plan_Amendment_Map_Series\TCpa\tcpa1706aerial.mxd µ

20 y Blvd Gand W FIGURE 3 CITY OF TAMPA EXISTING LAND USE

W McElroy Ave TA/CPA 17-06

LEGEND

W Paul Ave

PLAN AMENDMENT AREA

EXISTING LAND USE

BridgeSt SINGLE FAMILY / MOBILE HOME W Price Ave SWest Shore Blvd TWO FAMILY

MULTI-FAMILY

MOBILE HOME PARK

VACANT

PUBLIC / QUASIPUBLIC / INSTITUTIONS

PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS / UTILITIES

RIGHT OF WAY/ROADS/HIGHWAYS

EDUCATIONAL

HEAVY COMMERCIAL

LIGHT COMMERCIAL

HIGH INDUSTRIAL

LIGHT INDUSTRIAL

MINING

RECREATION / OPEN SPACE

AGRICULTURAL

NATURAL

WATER

UNKNOWN

W Tyson Ave NOT CLASSIFIED

ROADS AND BOUNDARY LINES

COUNTY BOUNDARY

JURISDICTION BOUNDARY

TAMPA SERVICE AREA

URBAN SERVICE AREA

COASTAL HIGH HAZARD AREA BOUNDARY

EXISTING LAND USE: Derived from Property Appraiser parcels and NAL DOR Codes.

JURISDICTION BOUNDARIES: Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission. Effective to Present.

PARCELS: Hillsborough County Property Appraiser.

URBAN SERVICE AREA BOUNDARIES: Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission. Effective to Present.

REPRODUCTION: This sheet may not be reproduced in part or full for sale to anyone without specific approval of the Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission.

ACCURACY: It is intended that the accuracy of the base map comply with U.S. national map accuracy standards. However, such accuracy is not guaranteed by the Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission.

0 120 240 480 720 960 Feet

ts Manor Dr Bowen DanielDr Author: colangeg

a e Date: 6/29/2017 Y Path: G:\gisroot\Projects\GregColangelo\Plan_Amendment_Map_Series\TCpa\tcpa1706elu.mxd µ

21 Blvd andy W G FIGURE 4 CITY OF TAMPA ADOPTED 2040 FUTURE LAND USE

TA/CPA 17-06 W McElroy Ave

LEGEND

PLAN AMENDMENT AREA

CITY OF TAMPA

W Paul Ave RURAL ESTATE - 10 (.25 FAR)

RESIDENTIAL - 3 (.35 FAR)

RESIDENTIAL - 6

RESIDENTIAL - 10 (.35 FAR)

Bridge St

RESIDENTIAL - 20 (.50 FAR) W Price Ave RESIDENTIAL - 35 (.60 FAR)

RESIDENTIAL - 50 (1.0 FAR)

RESIDENTIAL - 83 (.65 FAR)

SUBURBAN MIXED USE - 3 (.25 FAR)

SUBURBAN MIXED USE - 6 (.50 FAR)

(.50 FAR NONRESIDENTIAL USES, .75 FAR NEIGHBORHOOD MIXED USE - 16 VERTICAL MIXED-USE OR RESIDENTIAL ONLY) (.75 FAR NONRESIDENTIAL USES, 1.0 FAR NEIGHBORHOOD MIXED USE - 24 VERTICAL MIXED-USE OR RESIDENTIAL ONLY) (1.0 FAR NONRESIDENTIAL USES, 1.5 FAR NEIGHBORHOOD MIXED USE - 35 VERTICAL MIXED-USE OR RESIDENTIAL ONLY)

GENERAL MIXED USE -24 (1.5 FAR)

URBAN MIXED USE - 60 (3.25 FAR)

COMMUNITY MIXED USE - 35 (2.0 FAR)

TRANSITIONAL USE - 24 (1.5 FAR)

S WestShoreS Blvd REGIONAL MIXED USE - 100 (3.5 FAR)

AIRPORT COMPATIBILITY

COMMUNITY COMMERCIAL - 35 (2.0 FAR)

LIGHT INDUSTRIAL (1.5 FAR)

HEAVY INDUSTRIAL (1.5 FAR)

RECREATIONAL/OPEN SPACE

PUBLIC/SEMI - PUBLIC

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS W Tyson Ave CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT MACDILL AIR FORCE BASE

WATER

RIGHT OF WAY

TRANSITIONAL AREA (DUE TO ANNEXATION)

ROADS AND BOUNDARY LINES

COUNTY BOUNDARY

JURISDICTION BOUNDARY

TAMPA SERVICE AREA

URBAN SERVICE AREA

COASTAL HIGH HAZARD AREA BOUNDARY

2025 FUTURE LAND USE: Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission. Originally Adopted - June 08, 2009. Jurisdicitonal areas updated by plan amendment. Effective to present.

PARCELS: Hillsborough County Property Appraiser.

URBAN SERVICE AREA BOUNDARIES: Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission. Effective to Present.

CHHA: Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council, June 12, 2006. The Coastal High Hazard Area as shown on the Future Land Use map is a general depiction as per HB1359, which is the area below the elevation of the category 1 storm surge line as established by the SLOSH computerized storm surge model. More specific information can be obtained by reviewing the TBRPC's computerized storm surge model.

ACCURACY: It is intended that the accuracy of the base map comply with U.S. map accuracy standards. However, such accuracy is not guaranteed by the Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commisiion.

REPRODUCTION: This sheet may not be reproduced in part or full for sale to anyone without specific approval of the Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission.

0 160 320 640 960 1,280 Feet

BowenDaniel Dr Manor Dr Author: colangeg s t

a Date: 6/29/2017 e Y Document Path: G:\gisroot\Projects\GregColangelo\Plan_Amendment_Map_Series\TCpa\tcpa1706flu.mxd µ 22 FIGURE 5 CITY OF TAMPA PROPOSED 2040 FUTURE LAND USE W Gandy Blvd W McElro y Ave TA/CPA 17-06 FROM: HEAVY INDUSTRIAL TO: COMMUNITY MIXED USE-35

LEGEND

W Paul Ave PLAN AMENDMENT AREA TAMPA FUTURE LAND USE

RURAL ESTATE - 10 (.25 FAR)

RESIDENTIAL - 3 (.35 FAR)

RESIDENTIAL - 6

W Price Ave RESIDENTIAL - 10 (.35 FAR)

RESIDENTIAL - 20 (.50 FAR)

RESIDENTIAL - 35 (.60 FAR)

RESIDENTIAL - 50 (1.0 FAR)

RESIDENTIAL - 83 (.65 FAR)

SUBURBAN MIXED USE - 3 (.25 FAR)

SUBURBAN MIXED USE - 6 (.50 FAR) t (.50 FAR NONRESIDENTIAL USES, .75 FAR S NEIGHBORHOOD MIXED USE - 16 VERTICAL MIXED-USE OR RESIDENTIAL ONLY)

e (.75 FAR NONRESIDENTIAL USES, 1.0 FAR

g NEIGHBORHOOD MIXED USE - 24 VERTICAL MIXED-USE OR RESIDENTIAL ONLY)

i (1.0 FAR NONRESIDENTIAL USES, 1.5 FAR r NEIGHBORHOOD MIXED USE - 35 VERTICAL MIXED-USE OR RESIDENTIAL ONLY)

B GENERAL MIXED USE -24 (1.5 FAR)

URBAN MIXED USE - 60 (3.25 FAR)

COMMUNITY MIXED USE - 35 (2.0 FAR)

SWest Shore Blvd TRANSITIONAL USE - 24 (1.5 FAR)

REGIONAL MIXED USE - 100 (3.5 FAR)

AIRPORT COMPATIBILITY

COMMUNITY COMMERCIAL - 35 (2.0 FAR)

LIGHT INDUSTRIAL (1.5 FAR)

HEAVY INDUSTRIAL (1.5 FAR)

RECREATIONAL/OPEN SPACE

PUBLIC/SEMI - PUBLIC

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS

CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT W Tyson Ave MACDILL AIR FORCE BASE B ow WATER e n D RIGHT OF WAY an iel TRANSITIONAL AREA (DUE TO ANNEXATION)

Dr ROADS AND BOUNDARY LINES

COUNTY BOUNDARY

JURISDICTION BOUNDARY

TAMPA SERVICE AREA

URBAN SERVICE AREA

COASTAL HIGH HAZARD AREA BOUNDARY

2025 FUTURE LAND USE: Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission.

JURISDICTION BOUNDARIES: Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission. Effective to Present.

PARCELS: Hillsborough County Property Appraiser.

URBAN SERVICE AREA BOUNDARIES: Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission. Effective to Present.

REPRODUCTION: This sheet may not be reproduced in part or full for sale to anyone without specific approval of the Hillsborough County City-County Planning Commission.

0 145 290 580 870 1,160 Feet Author: danielsb Date: 10/26/2017 Manor Dr

s Document Path: G:\gisroot\Projects\Bev\Plan_Amendment_Map_Series\TCpa\tcpa1706flu_proposed.mxd t

a e Y µ

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24 Attachment B

Agency Comments

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STAFF REPORT ON C COMPREHENSIVE PLAN AMENDMENT

APPLICATION: CPA 17-06 HEARING DATE: AUGUST 14, 2017

CURRENT FUTURE LAND REQUESTED FUTURE LAND PROPERTY ADDRESS: USE: USE: 5105 West Tyson Avenue HI UMU-60

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF SITE

The subject property contains 11.93± acres and is located in the South Tampa Planning District, in the Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area. The property is currently zoned Industrial General (IG), which provides areas of light manufacturing, wholesaling, warehousing, assembly or product processing, heavy equipment and vehicular repairs and other light industrial uses. The industrial general district is established to provide areas for industry in locations, which are served by major transportation facilities and adequate utilities, but are not feasible, nor highly desirable for heavier industrial development because of proximity to residential, recreational, commercial or related developments. The district is to permit development compatible with uses of residential property adjoining or surrounding the district, with suitable open spaces, landscaping and parking area, which emits limited noise, odors, or light which can be detected on surrounding land. This district requires a minimum lot width of 50’ and a minimum lot area of 5,000 SF.

This site is surrounded by the following uses: a military training facility to the west, a boat storage facility to the south, vacant land to the east, and a yet to be developed mixed use project to the north across a channel of Old Tampa Bay. The character of the surrounding neighborhood is primarily industrial.

PROPOSED FUTURE LAND USE DESIGNATION The proposed future land use category of Urban Mixed Use-60 (UMU-60) would allow for the consideration of any of the allowable zoning districts from residential through commercial. It is important to review the current request in relation to those uses currently permitted and the intensification of the property that could occur if the future land use designation is changed to the UMU-60. Key city form characteristics for Urban Mixed Use include:  Blocks are small and rectangular, allowing for convenient pedestrian access from adjacent areas;  Lot sizes that are typically small and narrow, providing a fine-grained development pattern;  A mix of building heights, typically up to 10 stories, number of stories varies by location, special district or overlay district. Building height in local historic districts limited unless approved by the ARC (100 feet) or BLC (60 feet);  Building heights that step down to not more than one story higher at the property line than permitted in the adjacent neighborhood unless separated by a roadway, rail corridor, or other setback or buffer;  Buildings sited at or near the sidewalk along the primary street frontage and typically abut one another with limited side yard setbacks;  Building entrances set at the sidewalk along the primary street frontage;  Rear alleys and secondary streets that provide vehicular and service access, with limited 27 driveways and curb cuts on a primary street;  Parking on-street, in individual or shared lots at the rear of structures, or in screened parking structures;  Transparent building frontages with pedestrian-scaled articulation and detailing;  Moderately wide sidewalks, with street trees, public seating areas, and inviting amenities;  Public streetscapes that serve as the area’s primary open space, complemented by semi- public plazas, courtyards and semi-public sidewalk dining areas; and *Any proposed development, city-wide may develop up to 2.75 FAR, if all of the following are met: o Subject site is greater than 0.5 acres; o Subject site maintains frontage on an arterial roadway (length of frontage must meet minimum lot width standard in City Code); and o Structure must have vertically integrated mix of at least 2 uses from 2 separate general use categories as outlined in City Code.

STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS City of Tampa Planning staff has reviewed this request and has the following objections. Staff finds the requested Urban Mixed Use-60 land use category INCONSISTENT with the following comprehensive plan goals, objectives, and policies: LU Objective 1.2: Create inspired urban design while respecting Tampa’s human scale, unique history, aesthetics, natural environment, and sense of community identity as the City changes and evolves.

LU Policy 1.2.3: Relate new buildings and development to the context of the neighborhood and community. This site is surrounded by heavy industrial land use categories which allow for manufacturing, research and development, flex space, industry incubators, professional office and similar heavy industrial uses. Residential development is prohibited. The requested UMU-60 will allow for high intensity/density residential, professional office and commercial development out of character and context with the surrounding neighborhood. LU Objective 8.9: Recognize industrial lands for their support to key economic engines within the City in order to strengthen Tampa’s role as a regional employment center.

LU Policy 8.9.3: Maintain industrial areas that provide for the manufacturing of goods, flex space, and research and development that are attractive, compatible with adjoining non-industrial uses, and well-maintained. The requested UMU-60 does not allow for industrial land uses. This land use category allows for non- industrial uses which are incompatible with existing uses of land on the peninsula. LU Objective 8.10: Preserve light and heavy industrial areas which are appropriately located in terms of traffic accessibility, minimizing their environmental effects on surrounding areas, and ensuring compatibility with surrounding land uses.

LU Policy 8.10.2: Residential uses within industrial land use categories are considered to be non- conforming uses.

Page 2

LU Policy 8.10.5: Heavy industrial uses shall have priority over other uses on undeveloped property appropriately designated as heavy industrial. Chemical Formulators, Inc., a heavy industrial use, remains in operation on the peninsula and is located near the western end. According to their web page, they “manufacture sodium hypochlorite in large quantities.” Sodium Hypochlorite is commonly known as “bleach,” and is offered to customers in tank sizes from 850 gallons to 10,000 gallons. They also package seven (7) other chemicals, including Chlorine, Sodium Hydroxide, Hydrochloric (Muriatic) Acid, Pool Acid, Sulfuric Acid, Sulfur Dioxide, Sodium Bisulfite, and a “line of water treatment products.” The Web Page and Material Safety Data Sheets for the chemicals identified above are included with this report. The requested UMU- 60 does not allow for industrial uses. This land use category allows for residential land uses which are inconsistent and incompatible with the existing heavy industrial land uses in close proximity to this site.

REVIEW CRITERIA FOR PLAN AMENDMENT REQUESTS

City Council must consider the following criteria as set forth in the City of Tampa Comprehensive Plan when deciding the request for a Comprehensive Plan Amendment; both staff’s professional opinion and factual information is provided in bold below:

1. The requested land use category does not meet the intent of the general character description of the City Form component in which it is being requested and is otherwise inconsistent with the Comprehensive Plan.

Per the Comprehensive Plan excerpts provided below, “Tampa’s specific ‘City Form’? (Pages 29 – 30)”, the proposed future land use change does not meet the intent of the City Form for this area within the South Tampa Planning District, the Gandy Sun Bay South neighborhood, and the Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area.

As an urban city, Tampa has a defined city form that encompasses many components such as employment centers, urban villages, mixed-use corridors, mixed-use centers, transit stations, and neighborhoods. Elements of City Form: Development Components The physically built environment called the “City Form” has six (6) major components which are described below. The “City Form” includes the following:  Employment Centers  Urban Villages  Mixed-use Corridors  Mixed-use Centers  Transit Stations  Neighborhoods o Urban o Traditional o Suburban and Contemporary o The Waterfront

Tampa’s form is and will continue to be shaped by historical development patterns. The City has developed over the span of 150 years, and is influenced by the building patterns that occurred during three significant periods of time. 2. In approving any request for a land use category that provides for an increase in density, intensity or for a broader range of uses, than the existing land use category, City Council shall take into

Page 3

29 consideration and determine if:

a. a land use category of similar density or intensity is located on at least one (1) side of the subject site, and The closest site with the UMU-60 land use category is to the north, across a canal of Old Tampa Bay.

b. the subject site is within 1320’ (1/4 mile) of a designated transit stop or designated transit emphasis corridor, and There is not a transit emphasis corridor within ¼ mile of the site.

c. the subject parcel is located adjacent to a parcel which has a land use classification of R-6 or R-10, the subject site is located within 660’ (1/8 mile) of a designated transit stop or designated transit emphasis corridor. N/A. 3. In the event that City Council determines that the above criteria are not met, then City Council may deny the amendment or make a determination that the existing land use classification is no longer in the best interests of the public, it may approve the amendment or direct the local planning agency to propose an alternative amendment to the existing land use classification.

Based on the location of the subject site, the requested UMU-60 land use category is not in the best interest of this area and the City as a whole. This request allows for consideration of a maximum FAR of 3.5 (with bonus provisions). This site contains approximately 11.93 acres or 519,670 square feet (SF), this would allow for a structure which could contain a maximum of 1,818,949 SF and a typical building height of ten (10) stories. Similarly, with stand-alone residential development, a maximum density of 60 dwelling units per acre (with bonus provisions), a total of seven hundred fifteen (715) dwelling units could be developed. This modification would allow for high intensity/density residential, professional office and commercial uses out of character with the existing and planned development pattern for this area of the South Tampa Planning District and the Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area.

Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area has recently received City Council approval for a future land use amendment to Community Mixed Use-35 (CMU-35). This approval includes over half the parcels located within Rattlesnake Point. Although the CMU-35 category allows for a mix of residential and commercial uses, toxic/hazardous heavy industrial uses continue to operate on the peninsula. The requested UMU-60 allows for residential and commercial uses at a greater intensity/density, which is inconsistent with the existing heavy industrial uses on Rattlesnake Point Waterfront Area.

City staff is not supportive of the requested UMU-60 land use category. Due to City Council’s recent approval of CMU-35 for parcels located west and south of the subject parcel, if Council is inclined to approve this request, CMU-35 should be considered. The CMU-35 land use category would be consistent with the prior approval and provide a more appropriate scale, density and intensity in relation to the existing and planned development pattern. This category allows a maximum FAR of 2.0 (with density bonus) or a density of 35 dwelling units per acre (with density bonus). The maximum allowable intensity would be 1,039,342 SF or a density of four hundred seventeen (417) DUA. 3. If a land use is changed based on this criteria, the property owner shall process through a site plan district and, if provided for in the City’s land development regulations, shall meet the “Development Performance Incentive Criteria,” unless the development is within an approved Community Planning Area/Adopted Form Based Code Area, in which case a site plan zoning may not be required, as provided for in the specific plan in the land development regulations. Acknowledged. Page 4

30 31 SAFETY DATA SHEET

1. Identification Product identifier Chlorine Other means of identification SDS number AUC-005 Synonyms Liquid Chlorine * Elemental Chlorine * Molecular chlorine * Compressed Chlorine Gas Recommended use Production of chlorinated inorganic and organic chemicals; bleaching agent for paper, textiles and fabrics; used in water purification, sewage disinfection and food processing. Recommended restrictions 3URIHVVLRQDOXVHRQO\ Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufacturer Company name Allied Universal Corporation Address 3901 N.W. 115th Avenue Miami, FL 33178 United States Telephone General: 1-305-888-2623 24-Hour alert: 1-786-522-0207 Website www.allieduniversal.com E-mail Not available. Contact person Operations Department Emergency phone number CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300 (US/Canada) +01 703-527-3887 (InternationaO Supplier Refer to Manufacturer 2. Hazard(s) identification Physical hazards Oxidizing gases Category 1 Gases under pressure Liquefied gas Health hazards Acute toxicity, inhalation Category 2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure Category 3 respiratory tract irritation Environmental hazards Hazardous to the aquatic environment, Category 1 long-term hazard OSHA defined hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. Label elements

Signal word Danger Hazard statement May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer. Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Fatal if inhaled. May cause respiratory irritation. Very toxic to aquatic life. Precautionary statement Prevention Keep/Store away from clothing and other combustible materials. Keep reduction valves free from grease and oil. Do not breathe gas. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear respiratory protection. Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. Avoid release to the environment.

Material name: Chlorine SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-07-2015 32 1 / 12 Response Specific treatment is urgent (see this label). IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to do so. Collect spillage. Storage Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. Store locked up. Protect from sunlight. Disposal Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Hazard(s) not otherwise No OSHA defined hazard classes. Other hazards which do not result in classification: classified (HNOC) Toxic fumes, gases or YDSRUV may evolve on burning. Chlorine is extremely corrosive to most metals in the presence of moisture (> 150 ppm water and/or -40 degrees F dew point) or at high temperatures. Combines with water to produce hydrochloric and hypochlorous acid. Severe, short-term exposures may cause long-lasting respiratory effects, e.g. Reactive Airways Dysfunction (RADS), due to the material's severe irritating properties. Contact with liquefied gas might cause frostbites, in some cases with tissue damage. Direct contact with liquefied gas may cause frostbite and corrosive injury to the eyes. Supplemental information Keep away from heat. Make sure valves on gas cylinders are fully opened when gas is used. Open cylinder valve slowly to prevent rapid decompression and damage to valve seat. Use smallest possible amounts in designated areas with adequate ventilation. Liquid chlorine lines must have suitable expansion chambers between block valves due to high coefficient of expansion. Shut flow off at cylinder valve and not just at the regulator after use. Use a suitable hand truck to move cylinders; do not drag, roll, slide, or drop. Secure cylinders in an upright position at all times, close all valves when not in use. Establish written emergency plan and special training where chlorine is used. Regularly inspect and test piping and containers used for chlorine service. 3. Composition/information on ingredients Substances Chemical name Common name and synonyms CAS number % Chlorine Liquid Chlorine 7782-50-5 99.5 Elemental Chlorine Molecular chlorine Compressed Chlorine Gas

4. First-aid measures Inhalation Take proper precautions to ensure your own safety before attempting rescue (e.g. wear appropriate protective equipment, use the buddy system). IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. If breathing is difficult, trained personnel should give oxygen. If breathing stops, provide artificial respiration. Induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Skin contact IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. Do not rub area of contact. Gently remove clothing or jewelry. Carefully cut around clothing that sticks to the skin. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Discard any shoes or clothing items that cannot be decontaminated. Eye contact IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Take care not to rinse contaminated water into the unaffected eye or onto the face. Do not rub eyes. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Ingestion Not an expected route of entry under normal conditions of use. If ingestion of a large amount does occur, call a poison control center immediately. Do not induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to a victim who is unconscious or is having convulsions.

Material name: Chlorine SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-07-2015 33 2 / 12 Most important Fatal if inhaled. Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) at 10 ppm. May cause severe symptoms/effects, acute and irritation to the nose, throat, and respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing, choking and delayed wheezing. Could also cause tightness in the chest, a blue discolouration of the skin (cyanosis), severe headache, nausea, vomiting and fainting. Inhalation could result in pulmonary edema (fluid accumulation). Symptoms of pulmonary edema (chest pain, shortness of breath) may be delayed. May result in unconsciousness and possibly death. Severe, short-term exposures may cause long-lasting respiratory effects, e.g. Reactive Airways Dysfunction (RADS), due to the material's severe irritating properties. With this condition, asthma-like symptoms and increased reactivity of the airways is experienced. Direct skin contact may cause corrosive skin burns, deep ulcerations and possibly permanent scarring. If product is sprayed directly on skin, symptoms of frostbite may be experienced including numbness, prickling and itching. Corrosive to the eyes and may cause severe damage including blindness. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. If product is sprayed directly into the eyes, could cause freezing of the eye. Indication of immediate Immediate medical attention is required. Fatal if inhaled. Causes chemical burns. Symptoms may medical attention and special be delayed. Keep victim under observation. Medical supervision for minimum 48 hours. Provide treatment needed general supportive measures and treat symptomatically. General information First-aid procedures should be reviewed by appropriate personnel familiar with chlorine and its conditions of use in the workplace. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance. 5. Fire-fighting measures Suitable extinguishing media Extinguishing media - small fires: Dry chemicals. Carbon dioxide (CO2). Extinguishing media - large fires: Water Spray or Fog. Foam. Unsuitable extinguishing Use water with caution. May react with water. Do not use GLUHFWZDWHUVSUD\RUwater jet as an media extinguisher, as this willspread the fire. Specific hazards arising from Pressurized container may explode when exposed to heat or flame. May react to cause fire and or the chemical explosion upon contact with many organic compounds, ammonia, hydrogen and with many metals at elevated temperatures. Chlorine will support the burning of most combustible materials. Combines with water to produce hydrochloric and hypochlorous acid. Liquefied chlorine can accumulate static charge by flow or agitation, since it has a very low electrical conductivity. Chlorine containers or cylinders may vent rapidly or rupture violently, if exposed to fire or excessive heat for a sufficient period of time. Intense local heat (above 200 deg C) on the steel walls of chlorine cylinders can cause an iron/chlorine fire resulting in rupture of the container. Vapors are heavier than air and may spread along floors. Toxic fumes, gases or YDSRUV may evolve on burning. Special protective equipment Firefighters should wear full protective clothing including self contained breathing apparatus. and precautions for firefighters Firefighters must use standard protective equipment including flame retardant coat, helmet with face shield, gloves, rubber boots, and in enclosed spaces, SCBA. A full-body chemical resistant suit should be worn. Fire fighting Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Move equipment/instructions containers from fire area if you can do so without risk. Remove combustible materials. Stop the flow of gas before extinguishing fire, if safe to do so. Use water spray to direct escaping gas away from workers if it is necessary to stop the flow of gas. Cool containers exposed to heat with water spray and remove container, if no risk is involved. Stay away from ends of cylinders and withdraw immediately in case of rising sounds or discolouration of containers. Do not allow run-off from fire fighting to enter drains or water courses. Dike for water control. Specific methods Use standard firefighting procedures and consider the hazards of other involved materials. General fire hazards The product itself does not burn. However, material is considered to be an oxidizing gas. Supporter of combustion and can intensify a fire. Hazardous combustion Toxic chemicals are formed when combustible materials burn in chlorine. These may include products corrosive hydrogen chloride gas and other chlorine compounds. 6. Accidental release measures Personal precautions, Restrict access to area until completion of clean-up. Keep unnecessary personnel away. Keep protective equipment and people away from and upwind of spill/leak. Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 500 emergency procedures meters (1/3 mile). Ensure clean-up is conducted by trained personnel only. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Eliminate all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks, or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Wear appropriate protective equipment and clothing during clean-up. For personal protection, see section 8 of the SDS.

Material name: Chlorine SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-07-2015 34 3 / 12 Methods and materials for Stop the flow of material, if this is without risk. Use only non-sparking tools. Keep combustibles containment and cleaning up (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material. Remove or isolate incompatible materials as well as other hazardous materials. Do not spray leak with water since a reaction producing corrosive hypochlorous and hydrochloric acids occurs, which can aggravate the leak.

May be absorbed and neutralized into solutions of caustic soda, or lime and placed in polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, fibreglass or lead containers. Since hypochlorites are formed, the solutions must be treated with a reducing agent such as sodium sulfite before disposal. Do not immerse container in caustic solution.

Large Spills: Large uncontrollable leaks require environmental considerations and possible evacuation of the surrounding area. When possible draw off chlorine to process or disposal system . Contact the proper local authorities.

For waste disposal, see section 13 of the SDS. Environmental precautions Avoid release to the environment. Prevent entry into waterways, sewer, basements or confined areas. Contact local authorities in case of spillage to drain/aquatic environment. 7. Handling and storage Precautions for safe handling Establish written emergency plan and special training where chlorine is used.

Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear respiratory protection. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. See Section 8 of the SDS for Personal Protective Equipment. Do not breathe gas. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Regularly inspect and test piping and containers used for chlorine service. Liquid chlorine lines must have suitable expansion chambers between block valves due to high coefficient of expansion. Keep away from heat. Keep/Store away from clothing and other combustible materials. Keep reduction valves free from grease and oil. Use only chlorine compatible lubricants. Use smallest possible amounts in designated areas with adequate ventilation. Shut flow off at cylinder valve and not just at the regulator after use. Use a suitable hand truck to move cylinders; do not drag, roll, slide, or drop. Protect against physical damage. Wash hands after handling and before eating. Conditions for safe storage, Store in steel pressure cylinders in a cool, dry area outdoors or in well-ventilated, detached or including any incompatibilities segregated areas of non-combustible construction. Keep container tightly closed. Store locked up. Protect from sunlight. Storage area should be clearly identified, clear of obstruction and accessible only to trained and authorized personnel. Do not store near combustible materials. Wood and other organic materials should not be used on floors, structural materials, or ventilation systems in the storage area. Store away from incompatible materials (see Section 10 of the SDS). Secure cylinders in an upright position at all times, close all valves when not in use. Use a "first in - first out" inventory system to prevent full cylinders from being stored for excessive periods of time. Store at temperatures not exceeding 55°C (131°F). For the specified temperature the system pressure is 225 psig (1551 kPa). 8. Exposure controls/personal protection Occupational exposure limits US. OSHA Table Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants (29 CFR 1910.1000) Material Type Value

Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) Ceiling 3 mg/m3 1 ppm US. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Material Type Value

Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) STEL 1 ppm TWA 0.5 ppm US. NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Material Type Value

Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) Ceiling 1.45 mg/m3 0.5 ppm Biological limit values No biological exposure limits noted for the ingredient(s). Exposure guidelines The NIOSH IDLH concentration for Chlorine is 10 ppm.

Material name: Chlorine SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-07-2015 35 4 / 12 Appropriate engineering Ensure adequate ventilation, especially in confined areas. Good general ventilation (typically 10 air controls changes per hour) should be used. Ventilation rates should be matched to conditions. If applicable, use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to maintain airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If exposure limits have not been established, maintain airborne levels to an acceptable level. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Wear eye/face protection. Chemical goggles are recommended. Wear a full-face respirator, if needed. A full face shield may also be necessary. Eye wash fountains are required. Skin protection Hand protection Wear appropriate chemical-resistant gloves. Advice should be sought from glove suppliers. Other Wear appropriate chemical-resistant clothing. Where contact is likely, wear chemical-resistant gloves, a chemical suit and rubber boots. Eye wash facilities and emergency shower must be available when handling this product. Respiratory protection Up to 5 ppm: A NIOSH/MSHA approved air-purifying respirator with the appropriate chemical cartridges or a positive-pressure, air-supplied respirator may be used to reduce exposure. Up to 10 ppm: A SAR (supplied air respirator) operated in a continuous flow mode or powered air purifying respirator with cartridge(s); a full facepiece chemical cartridge respirator with cartridge(s); a gas mask with canister; a full facepiece SCBA (self contained breathing apparatus) ; or a full facepiece SAR may be used to reduce exposure. EMERGENCY OR PLANNED ENTRY INTO UNKNOWN CONCENTRATIONS OR IDLH CONDITIONS: Positive pressure, full-facepiece SCBA; or positive pressure, full-facepiece SAR with an auxiliary positive pressure SCBA. Respirators should be selected based on the form and concentration of contaminants in air, and in accordance with OSHA (29 CFR 1910.134). Advice should be sought from respiratory protection specialists. Thermal hazards Wear appropriate thermal protective clothing, when necessary. General hygiene Do not breathe gas. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Handle in accordance with good considerations industrial hygiene and safety practice. Do not eat, drink or smoke when using the product. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product. Remove soiled clothing and wash it thoroughly before reuse. Inform laundry personnel of contaminant's hazards. 9. Physical and chemical properties Appearance Physical state Gas (or liquid under pressure). Form Compressed liquefied gas. Color Amber color; vaporizes to greenish, yellow gas. Odor Pungent suffocating odor Odor threshold 0.02 - 3.4 ppm (detection) pH Not applicable (reacts with water to form an acidic solution) Melting point/freezing point -149.8 °F (-101 °C) Initial boiling point and boiling -30.28 °F (-34.6 °C) range Flash point Not Applicable Evaporation rate Not Applicable.Gas at normal temperatures. Flammability (solid, gas) The product is not flammable. Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits Flammability limit - lower Not Applicable (%) Flammability limit - upper Not Applicable (%) Explosive limit - lower (%) Not available. Explosive limit - upper (%) Not available. Vapor pressure 638.4 kPa @ 20°C (68°F) 4788 mm Hg @ 20°C (68°F) Vapor density 2.49 @ 0°C (32°F) (Air = 1) Relative density 3.21 kg/m³ @ 0°C (32°F)

Material name: Chlorine SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-07-2015 36 5 / 12 Solubility(ies) Solubility (water) 6.3 mg/l (Slightly soluble) Solubility (other) Soluble in dimethylformamide, disulfur dichloride, benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, hexachlorobutadiene, tetrachloroethane, pentachloroethane, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, glacial acetic acid (99.84%) and other chlorides Partition coefficient Not applicable (gas) (n-octanol/water) Auto-ignition temperature Not available. Decomposition temperature Not available. Viscosity Not available. Viscosity temperature Not Applicable (Gas) Other information Critical temperature 290.75 °F (143.75 °C) Explosive properties Not explosive. Molecular weight 70.91 Oxidizing properties Strong oxidizing agent because of its electron-transfer capabilities. Supporter of combustion and can intensify a fire. Note, that Chlorine does not yield oxygen or any other oxidizing substance. Specific gravity 0.003 @ 0°C (32°F) 10. Stability and reactivity Reactivity Combines with water to produce hydrochloric and hypochlorous acid. These acids can decompose to hydrochloric acid and oxygen. Contact with combustible material may cause fire. Chemical stability Material is stable under normal conditions. Possibility of hazardous +D]DUGRXVSRO\PHUL]DWLRQGRHVQRWRFFXUChlorine is extremely corrosive to most metals in the reactions presence of moisture (> 150 ppm waterand/or -40 degrees F dew point) or at high temperatures. Will support or initiate combustion orexplosion of organic matter and other oxidizable material. Note, that Chlorine does not yieldoxygen or any other oxidizing substance. Liquid or gaseous chlorine can react violently with manycombustible materials, and other chemicals, including water. Metal halides, carbon, finely dividedmetals and sulIides can accelerate the rate of chlorine reactions. Chlorine reacts with carbonmonoxide to produce toxic phosgene, and sulIur dioxide to produce sulfuryl chloride. Intenselocal heat (above 200 deg C) on the steel walls of chlorine cylinders can cause an iron/chlorine fireresulting in rupture of the container. Conditions to avoid Keep away from combustible materials. Avoid contact with incompatible materials. Keep away from heat. Do not use in areas without adequate ventilation. Incompatible materials Tin; Metals; Sulfides; Titanium. Reacts with most metals at high temperatures. Reacts with water to produce hydrochloric aids, which are corrosive to most metals. Ammonia, elemental metals, certain metal hydroxides, carbides, nitrides, oxides, phosphides and sulfides, easily oxidized materials, organic materials, reducing agents, alkalis and unstable and reactive compounds. Hazardous decomposition Hydrogen chloride gas. Hydrochloric acid. Hypochlorous acid. products 11. Toxicological information Information on likely routes of exposure Inhalation Very toxic by inhalation. Fatal if inhaled. May cause severe irritation to the nose, throat, and respiratory tract. Skin contact Causes skin burns. Contact with liquefied gas might cause frostbites, in some cases with tissue damage. Not expected to be absorbed through the skin. Eye contact Causes severe eye burns. If product is sprayed directly into the eyes, could cause freezing of the eye. Ingestion Not an expected route of entry under normal conditions of use.

Material name: Chlorine SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-07-2015 37 6 / 12 Most important Fatal if inhaled. Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) at 10 ppm. May cause severe symptoms/effects, acute and irritation to the nose, throat, and respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing, choking and delayed wheezing. Could also cause tightness in the chest, a blue discolouration of the skin (cyanosis), severe headache, nausea, vomiting and fainting. Inhalation could result in pulmonary edema (fluid accumulation). Symptoms of pulmonary edema (chest pain, shortness of breath) may be delayed. May result in unconsciousness and possibly death. Severe, short-term exposures may cause long-lasting respiratory effects, e.g. Reactive Airways Dysfunction (RADS), due to the material's severe irritating properties. With this condition, asthma-like symptoms and increased reactivity of the airways is experienced. Direct skin contact may cause corrosive skin burns, deep ulcerations and possibly permanent scarring. If product is sprayed directly on skin, symptoms of frostbite may be experienced including numbness, prickling and itching. Corrosive to the eyes and may cause severe damage including blindness. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. If product is sprayed directly into the eyes, could cause freezing of the eye. Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Classification: Acute Toxicity (inhalation - gas) - Category 2. Fatal if inhaled. See below for individual ingredient acute toxicity data. Product Species Test Results Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) Acute Dermal LD50 Rabbit No data in literature. Inhalation LC50 Rat 147 ppm, 4 Hours Oral LD50 Rat No data in literature. Skin corrosion/irritation Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Classification: Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1 Causes severe skin burns. Serious eye damage/eye Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Classification: irritation Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1 Causes serious eye damage. Respiratory or skin sensitization Respiratory sensitization This product is not expected to cause respiratory sensitization. Skin sensitizer This product is not expected to cause skin sensitization. Germ cell mutagenicity Not expected to be mutagenic. Carcinogenicity This product is not considered to be a carcinogen by IARC, ACGIH, NTP, or OSHA. See below for ingredients present on regulatory lists. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Reproductive toxicity This product is not expected to cause reproductive or developmental effects. Specific target organ toxicity - Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Classification: single exposure Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT), Single Exposure. Category 3. May cause respiratory irritation. Specific target organ toxicity - Not expected to be hazardous by OSHA criteria. repeated exposure Aspiration toxicity Not likely, due to the form of the product. Not expected to be an aspiration hazard. Chronic effects Prolonged or repeated exposure to low concentrations may cause drying and cracking of the skin, respiratory effects, gum disorders and painless destruction of teeth Limited occupational studies with long-term exposure to low concentrations, have not shown significant respiratory effects. Long-term animal studies confirm that chlorine is a severe irritant to the upper and lower respiratory tract. 12. Ecological information Ecotoxicity Very toxic to aquatic life. See below for individual ingredient ecotoxicity data.

Material name: Chlorine SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-07-2015 38 7 / 12 Product Species Test Results Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) Aquatic Acute Crustacea EC50 Water flea (Daphnia magna) 0.005 mg/l, 48 hours (mg Free Available Chlorine/L) Fish LC50 Rainbow trout,donaldson trout 0.014 mg/l, 96 hours (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Persistence and degradability Free chlorine is consumed upon contact with living tissues making measurement of biodegradation impossible and unnecessary. Bioaccumulative potential Not expected to be bio accumulative. Mobility in soil The product itself has not been tested. Other adverse effects No other adverse environmental effects (e.g. ozone depletion, photochemical ozone creation potential, endocrine disruption, global warming potential) are expected from this component. 13. Disposal considerations Disposal instructions Collect and reclaim or dispose in sealed containers at licensed waste disposal site. Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Local disposal regulations Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Hazardous waste code The waste code should be assigned in discussion between the user, the producer and the waste disposal company. Waste from residues / unused Dispose of in accordance with local regulations. Empty containers or liners may retain some products product residues. This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe manner (see: Disposal instructions). Contaminated packaging Empty containers should be taken to an approved waste handling site for recycling or disposal. Since emptied containers may retain product residue, follow label warnings even after container is emptied. 14. Transport information DOT UN number UN1017 UN proper shipping name Chlorine (CHLORINE) Transport hazard class(es) Class 2.3 Subsidiary risk 5.1, 8 Label(s) 2.3, 5.1, 8 Packing group Not applicable. Environmental hazards Marine pollutant Yes Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. US CERCLA Reportable Quantity (RQ): 10 lbs / 4.54 kg Special provisions 2, B9, B14, N86, T50, TP19 Packaging exceptions None Packaging non bulk 304 Packaging bulk 314, 315 IATA UN number UN1017 UN proper shipping name Chlorine Transport hazard class(es) Class 2.3 Subsidiary risk 5.1, 8 Packing group Not applicable. Environmental hazards Yes ERG Code 2CP Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Refer to Special Provision A2 for shipping information. Other information Passenger and cargo Forbidden aircraft

Material name: Chlorine SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-07-2015 39 8 / 12 Cargo aircraft only Forbidden IMDG UN number UN1017 UN proper shipping name CHLORINE Transport hazard class(es) Class 2.3 Subsidiary risk 5.1, 8 Packing group Not applicable. Environmental hazards Marine pollutant Yes EmS F-C, S-U Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Transport in bulk according to Not available. Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code DOT

IATA; IMDG

Marine pollutant

General information This product meets the criteria for an environmentally hazardous mixture, according to the IMDG Code. 15. Regulatory information US federal regulations This product is a "Hazardous Chemical" as defined by the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1200. All components are on the U.S. EPA TSCA Inventory List. TSCA Section 12(b) Export Notification (40 CFR 707, Subpt. D) Not regulated. CERCLA Hazardous Substance List (40 CFR 302.4) Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) Listed.

Material name: Chlorine SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-07-2015 40 9 / 12 SARA 304 Emergency release notification Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) 10 LBS OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) Hazard categories Immediate Hazard - Yes Delayed Hazard - No Fire Hazard - Yes Pressure Hazard - Yes Reactivity Hazard - No SARA 302 Extremely hazardous substance Chemical name CAS number Reportable Threshold Threshold Threshold quantity planning quantity planning quantity, planning quantity, lower value upper value Chlorine 7782-50-5 10 100 lbs SARA 311/312 Hazardous Yes chemical SARA 313 (TRI reporting) Chemical name CAS number % by wt. Chlorine 7782-50-5 99.5 Other federal regulations Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) List Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112(r) Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR 68.130) Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) Clean Water Act (CWA) Hazardous substance Section 112(r) (40 CFR 68.130) Safe Drinking Water Act 4 mg/l (SDWA) 4.0 mg/l US state regulations US. California Controlled Substances. CA Department of Justice (California Health and Safety Code Section 11100) Not listed. US. Massachusetts RTK - Substance List Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) US. New Jersey Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) US. Pennsylvania Worker and Community Right-to-Know Law Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) US. Rhode Island RTK Chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5) US. California Proposition 65 California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65): This material is not known to contain any chemicals currently listed as carcinogens or reproductive toxins. International Inventories Country(s) or region Inventory name On inventory (yes/no)* Australia Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS) Yes Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL) Yes Canada Non-Domestic Substances List (NDSL) No China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances in China (IECSC) Yes Europe European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Yes Substances (EINECS) Europe European List of Notified Chemical Substances (ELINCS) No Japan Inventory of Existing and New Chemical Substances (ENCS) No Korea Existing Chemicals List (ECL) Yes New Zealand New Zealand Inventory Yes

Material name: Chlorine SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-07-2015 41 10 / 12 Country(s) or region Inventory name On inventory (yes/no)* Philippines Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances Yes (PICCS) United States & Puerto Rico Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory Yes *A "Yes" indicates that all components of this product comply with the inventory requirements administered by the governing country(s) A "No" indicates that one or more components of the product are not listed or exempt from listing on the inventory administered by the governing country(s). 16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision Issue date 01-07-2015 Version # 01 +0,6 +)5 1)3$ +)52WKHU2;

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ACGIH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists List of abbreviations CAS: Chemical Abstract Services CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 CFR: Code of Federal Regulations DOT: Department of Transportation EPA: Environmental Protection Agency EPCRA: Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act ERG: Emergency Response Guidebook HSDB® - Hazardous Substances Data Bank IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer IATA: International Air Transport Association IBC: Intermediate Bulk Container IDLH: immediately dangerous to life or health IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods LC: Lethal Concentration LD: Lethal Dose NIOSH: National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health NOEC: No observable effect concentration NTP: National Toxicology Program OECD: Organi]ation for Economic Cooperation and Development OEL: National occupational exposure limits OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration PEL: Permissible exposure limit RCRA: Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RQ: Reportable Quantity RTECS: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances SAR: supplied-air respirator SCBA: self-contained breathing apparatus SDS: Safety Data Sheet STEL: Short Term Exposure Limit TWA: Time Weighted Average UN: United Nations Disclaimer Prepared by: ICC The Compliance Center Inc. 1-888-442-9628 http://www.thecompliancecenter.com Disclaimer This Safety Data Sheet was prepared by ICC The Compliance Center Inc. using information provided by / obtained from Allied Universal Corporation and CCOHS’ Web Information Service. The information in the Safety Data Sheet is offered for your consideration and guidance when exposed to this product. ICC The Compliance Center Inc. and Allied Universal Corporation expressly disclaim all expressed or implied warranties and assume no responsibilities for the accuracy or completeness of the data contained herein. The data in this SDS does not apply to use with any other product or in any other process. This Safety Data Sheet may not be changed, or altered in any way without the expressed knowledge and permission of ICC The Compliance Center Inc. and Allied Universal Corporation

Material name: Chlorine SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-07-2015 42 11 / 12 Bibliography ACGIH Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices (2014) Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, CCInfoWeb Databases, 2014 (Chempendium, RTECs, HSDB, INCHEM) International Agency for Research on Cancer Monographs (2014) Material Safety Data Sheet from manufacturer. OECD - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances - eChemPortal, 2014.

Material name: Chlorine SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-07-2015 43 12 / 12 AAALLIEDLLIED UUUNINIVERSALVERSAL CCCORPORATIONORPORATION Headquarters: 3901 NW 115th Avenue, Miami, Florida 33178 Phone: (305) 888 - 2623 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET May be used to comply with OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard, 29 CFR § 1910.1200. TODAY’S DATE: 06/15/12 MSDS NUMBER: 0001 24HR EMERGENCY CHEMICAL SPILL/RELEASE PHONE NUMBER: CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300 SECTION 1 CHEMICAL PRODUCT/COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

Sodium Hypochlorite Product Names: Aqua Guard Chlorinating Sanitizer, Aqua Guard Bleach, Aqua Guard Sodium Hypochlorite 10.5%, Aqua Guard Sodium Hypochlorite 12.5%, Liquid Chlorine Solution, Liquid Bleach, Sodium Hypochlorite, Chlorine Bleach. Listed Strengths: 10.5%, 12.5% and 15% CAS Number: 7681-52-9 Date MSDS Revised: May 2010 (previous revision 11/08) Product Use: swimming pool chlorinator, water treatment chemical, hard surface cleaner and other disinfectant and sanitizer uses, see product label for all approved uses & instructions NSF Approval: Yes. Certified to NSF/ANSI Standard 60. Maximum use in Potable Water is 84 mg/L for 12.5% bleach and 100 mg/L for 10.5% bleach. NSF Non-Food Compounds Approval: Yes SECTION 2 HAZARD INGREDIENTS/IDENTITY INFORMATION

Hazardous Ingredient(s): % (w/w) as Sodium Hypochlorite : 10.5-15% Exposure Standards: None established for Sodium Hypochlorite, as Chlorine exposure standards are: PEL (OSHA): 1 ppm as Cl2 STEL (OSHA): 3 ppm as Cl2 TLV (ACGIH): 0.5 ppm as Cl2 TWA (ACGIH): 0.5 ppm as Cl2 WEEL (AIHA): 2 mg/m3, 15 minute TWA as Cl2 STEL (ACGIH): 1 ppm as Cl2 Emergency Overview: Causes serious eye damage. Causes burns to the skin and damage to the respiratory system. Do not breathe mist, vapors, or spray. Wash thoroughly after handling with soap and water. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment. SECTION 3 PHYSICAL/CHEMICAPHYSICAL/CHEMICALL CHARACTERISTICS Alternate Name(s): Bleach Chemical Name: Sodium Hypochlorite Molecular Formula: Na-O-Cl Form: Liquid Appearance: Water clear to a slight greenish-yellow, or light yellow aqueous solution Odor: Characteristic bleach odor pH: 11-14, dependent upon % weight as Sodium Hypochlorite Vapor Pressure: Not available Vapor Density (Air=1): Not available Boiling Point: Approximately 230º F (110º C) Freezing Point: 14 F(8% w/w Cl2 solution), 7 F(10% w/w Cl2 solution), -3 F (12% w/w Cl2 solution) Solubility (Water): Completely miscible Density: 9.69 lbs – 10.43 lbs per gallon, dependent upon % weight of Sodium Hypochlorite Evaporation Rate: Not Available Specific Gravity: 1.16 – 1.25, dependent upon % weight of Sodium Hypochlorite Molecular Weight: 74.5 g/mol SECTION 4 STABILITY & REACTIVITY DATA Chemical Stability Stable __X__ Unstable _____

Incompatibility (Conditions to Avoid): Stability decreases with heat and light exposure. Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid): May react violently with strong acids. Other incompatibles include strong caustics, ammonia, urea, reducing agents, organics, ether and oxidizable materials. Reaction with metals (nickel, iron, cobalt and copper) may produce oxygen gas, which supports combustion. May react with organohalogen compounds to form spontaneously combustible compounds. May react explosively with nitro- and chloro-organic compounds as well as acids and reducing agents. Acidification liberates chlorine gas. Hazardous Decomposition or Byproducts: Chlorine gas. Decomposes with heat (decomposition rate increases as it

44 is headed) and reacts with acids. Hazardous gases/vapors produced are hypochlorous acid, chlorine and hydrochloric acid. Composition depends upon temperature and decrease in pH. Additional decomposition products, which depend on pH, temperature and time, are sodium chloride and chlorate, and oxygen. No Mechanical Shock or Impact No Static Discharge Oxidizer: No if < or = 12.5% by weight Hazardous Polymerization May Occur _____ Will Not Occur __X__ Note: Sodium Hypochlorite reacts violently with amines and ammonium salts. Solutions are reactive with common cleaning products such as toilet bowl cleaners, rust removers, vinegar, acids, organics and ammonia products to produce hazardous gases such as chlorine and other chlorinated species. SECTION 5 POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS AND FIRST AID INFORMATION GENERAL: May cause immediate pain. Exposure to the skin may cause sensitization or other allergic responses. If the eye is not irrigated immediately after it has been exposed permanent eye damage may occur. Strict adherence to first aid measures following any exposure is essential. ROUTE(S) OF ENTRY AND POTENTIAL EMERGENCY & FIRST AIDE PROCEDURES HEALTH EFFECTS INHALATION: Strong irritating to mucous If inhaled, move expose person to fresh air. If person is not membranes in the nose, throat and respiratory tract. breathing, call 911 or an ambulance, then give artificial respiration, Prolonged contact can cause chronic irritation, preferably mouth-to-mouth if possible. If breathing is difficult, have pulmonary edema and central nervous system trained person administer oxygen. Call a poison control center or depression. Repeated inhalation exposure may medical physician for further treatment advice. Have the product cause impairment of lung function and permanent label or MSDS with you when calling or going for medical treatment. lung damage. SKIN CONTACT: Prolonged and repeated exposure If on skin or clothing, take off all contaminated clothing and rinse to dilute solutions often causes irritation, redness, skin immediately with plenty of water for 15-20 minutes. If irritation pain and drying and cracking of the skin. Human persists, repeat flushing. Do not transport victim unless the evidence has indicated that an ingredient in this recommended irrigation period is completed unless flushing can be product can cause skin sensitization. Depending continued during transport. Call a poison control center or medical upon the concentration and how soon after exposure physician for treatment advice. Have the product label or MSDS with the skin is washed with water, skin contact may you when calling or going for medical treatment. cause burns and tissue destruction. EYE CONTACT: Strongly irritating to eyes. If in eyes, hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with plenty of Exposure to vapor can cause tearing, conjunctivitis water for 15-20 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present, after the and burning of the eyes. Eye contact may cause a first 5 minutes, then continue rinsing eye for 10-15 minutes. Do not corneal injury. The severity of the effects depends transport victim until the recommended flushing period is completed on the concentration and how soon after exposure unless irrigation can be continued during transport. Call a poison the eyes are washed with water. In severe exposure control center or medical physician for further treatment advice. Have cases, glaucoma, cataracts and permanent the product label and/or MSDS with you when calling or going to blindness may occur. medical treatment.

INGESTION: Corrosive. Can cause severe corrosion If swallowed, call poison control center or medical physician of and damage to the gastrointestinal tract (including immediately for treatment advice. Have the product label or MSDS mouth, throat, and esophagus). Exposure is with you when calling or going for medical treatment. Have exposed characterized by nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, person sip a glass of water if able to swallow, and dilute immediately diarrhea, bleeding, and/or tissue ulceration. by giving milk, melted ice cream, starch paste or antacids such as milk of magnesia. Avoid sodium bicarbonate because of carbon dioxide release. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING, LAVAGE OR ACIDIC ANTIDOTES unless told to do so by poison control center or medical physician. DO NOT give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. If spontaneous vomiting occurs, have victim lean forward with head down to avoid breathing in of vomitus, rinse mouth and administer more water. NOTE TO PHYSICIAN(S): Pre-existing medical conditions may be aggravated by exposures affecting target organs. There are no known chronic effects. Probable mucosal damage may contraindicate the use of gastric lavage. In addition to the alkalinity of this product, the continued generation of chlorine gas after ingestion can damage further the stomach mucous, depending on the amount ingested. Consideration may be given to removal of the product from the stomach, taking care to avoid perforation of esophagus or stomach. An ounce of 1% sodium thiosulfate or milk of magnesia is helpful. SECTION 6 TOXICOLOGICAL DATA ANIMAL DATA: Inhale LC50 – no data; Acute Dermal LD50 - 10,000 mg/kg in rabbits; Acute Oral LD50 - 8200 mg/kg in rats SUMMARY: The concentrated solution is corrosive to skin, and a 5% solution is a severe eye irritant. Solutions containing more than 5% available chlorine is classified by DOT corrosive (please see section 10 of this MSDS). Carefully controlled sensitization studies on animals have not resulted in any reproductive positive findings. Standard sensitization patch tests in healthy human volunteers show no potential to induce contact sensitization. In tests using rats and mice, there was no evidence of carcinogenicity. CARCINOGENICITY: None of the components present in this material at concentrations equal to or greater than 0.1% are listed by IARC, NTP, OSHA or ACGIH as carcinogen or potential carcinogen. 2 45 MUTAGENICITY: Sodium Hypochlorite has tested positive in in-vitro test systems and negative in in-vivo test systems. These results are consistent with other germicides. SECTION 777 ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION The toxicity and corrosivity of this product is a function of concentration and the concentration’s pH. Freshwater Fish Toxicity: LC50 clupea harengus 0.033 - 0.097 mg//l/96 hr, flow through bioassay (pH: 8) LC50 cymatogaster aggregata 0.045 - 0.098 mg/l/96 hr, flow through bioassay (pH: 8) LC50 gasterosteus aculeatus 0.141 - 0.193 mg/l/96 hr, flow through bioassay (pH: 8) LC50 oncorhynchus gorbuscha 0.023 - 0.052 mg/l/96 hr, flow through bioassay (pH: 8) LC50 oncorhynchus kisutch 0.026 - 0.038 mg/l/96 hr, flow through bioassay (pH: 8) LC50 parophrys vetulus 0.044 - 0.144 mg/l/96 hr, flow through bioassay (pH: 8) LC50 pimephales promelas 0.22 - 0.62 mg/l/96 hr, flow through bioassay (pH: 7) Invertebrate Toxicity: EC50 ceriodaphnia sp. 0.006 mg/l/24 hr EC50 daphnia magna 0.07 - 0.7 mg/l/24 hr EC50 daphnia magna 2.1mg/l/96 hr EC50 gammarus fasciatus 4 mg/l/96 hr EC50 nitocra spinipes 40 mg/l/96 hr EC50 palaemonetes pugio 52 mg/l/96 hr Other Toxicity: Algae: ErC50 dunaliella sp. 0.6 mg/l/24 hr ErC50 dunaliella tertiolecta 0.11 mg/l/24 hr ErC50 skeletonema costatum 0.095 mg/l/24 hr FATE AND TRANSPORT: Biodegradation: this material is inorganic and not subject to biodegradation. Persistence: this material is believed not to persist in the environment. Bioconcentration: this material is not expected to bioconcentrate in organisms. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS: Do not contaminate domestic or irrigation water supplies, lakes, streams, ponds, or rivers. May be an aesthetic nuisance due to color. Mammals and birds, exposed wildlife would be subject to skin irritation and burns due to the corrosive nature of this material. SECTION 8 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA Flash Point: This product does not flash Flammable Limits (Lower): Not Applicable Flammable Limits (Upper): Not Applicable Auto Ignition Temperature: Not Applicable Decomposition Temperature: Not Applicable Rate of Burning: Not Available Explosive Power: Not Available Sensitivity to Mechanical Impact: Not Sensitivity to Static Discharge: expected to be sensitive to mechanical Not expected to be sensitive to impact static discharge Fire and Explosion Hazards: This material is non- Extinguishing Media: Use agents appropriate for flammable but is decomposed by heat and light, causing a surrounding fire. Foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water pressure build-up which could result in an explosion. fog or spray. If leak or spill has not ignited, use water spray When heated, it may release chlorine gas or hydrochloric to disperse the vapors and to protect persons attempting to acid. Vigorous reaction with oxidizable or organic stop the leak. materials may result in fire. Fire Fighting Procedures: Water spray should be used Fire Fighting Protective Equipment: Full protective to cool containers and may be used to knock down clothing, including a NIOSH approved self-contained escaping vapor. Remove storage vessels from the fire breathing apparatus, must be worn in a fire involving this zone. material. Toxic gas vapors are produced upon decomposition. SECTION 9 DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS Treatment, storage, transportation, and disposal must be in accordance with applicable Federal, State, and Local regulations. Do not burn. Do not flush to surface water or sanitary sewer system. If pH of material is equal to or greater than a 12.5, the material becomes a waste, it will meet the RCRA hazardous waste definition, classified D002, corrosive. SECTION 10 TRANSPORT INFORMATION U.S. DOT Shipping Name: Hypochlorite Solutions (Sodium Hypochlorite) U.S. DOT UN Number: UN1791 U.S. DOT Hazard Class: 8 U.S. DOT Packing Group: III U.S. DOT Marine Pollutant: No U.S. DOT Hazardous Substance: Yes, RQ 100 pounds (Sodium Hypochlorite) U.S. DOT Required Label: Corrosive (see column 6, 49 CFR §172.101) U.S. DOT Packaging Exception: Yes, if package meets the criteria of a limited quantity or consumer commodity as defined by 49 CFR §171.8, §173.144 and .154, and §172.312 and .316 N. AMERICAN EMERGENCY GUIDE PAGE NUMBER: 154 3 46 SECTION 11 PRECAUTIONS FOR SAFE HANDLING AND STORAGE PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN HANDLING AND STORING: Take all precautions to avoid personal contact. Keep container closed except when transferring material. Locate safety shower and eyewash station close to chemical handling area. Use normal good industrial hygiene and housekeeping practices, wash thoroughly after handling. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from incompatibles (minimum distance of 20-25 feet per NFPA Code 1) and direct sunlight. Keep container properly labeled at all times. Vented containers must be used and must be kept closed when not being used. Long-term storage is impossible without decomposition. Only use containers made from tinted glass, polyethylene & FRP. PROCESS HAZARDS: Not Available STORAGE TEMPERATURE: Store containers below 29°C and above freezing point. Do not expose sealed containers above 40°C. Try to store in the dark at the lowest possible temperature, but keep from freezing, to slow-down decomposition. SECTION 12 EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION ENGINEERING CONTROLS: Full handling precautions should be taken at all times. Provide good room ventilation plus local exhaust at points of emission and low level floor exhaust in immediate handling area. Where engineering controls are not feasible, use adequate local exhaust ventilation wherever mist, spray or vapor may be generated. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: Eye: Use chemical safety goggles when there is potential for contact (splashing), faceshield recommended – ANSI Z87.1 Skin: Gloves and protective clothing (apron, boots, and bodysuits) made from butyl-rubber, vinyl, neoprene, Viton, Saranex or PVC. Standard work clothing closed at the neck and wrist while wearing impervious equipment. Respiratory (Specify Type): A NIOSH/MSHA approved air purifying respirator with an acid gas cartridge or canister may be permissible under circumstances where airborne concentrations are expected to exceed exposure limits. Protection provided by air purifying respirators is limited. Use a positive pressure air supplied respirator if there is potential for uncontrolled releases, exposure levels are not known or other circumstances where air purifying respirators may not provide adequate protection. Other: Eyewash, shower station (ANSI Z358.1) must be provided within the immediate (less than 100 feet) work area. SECTION 13 ACCIDENACCIDENTALTAL RELEASE MEASURES Restrict access to affected area and try to prevent the material from entering drains or water courses. Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Ventilate enclosed area. Collect product for recovery or disposal. For release to land, contain discharge by constructing dikes or applying inert absorbent; for release to water, utilize damming and/or water diversion to reduce the spread of contamination; and, for release to air, vapors may be suppressed by the use of a water fog. Collect contaminated soil and water, and absorbent for disposal. Notify applicable government authority if release is reportable or could adversely affect the environment. Please follow all Local, State and Federal Laws for clean-up and disposal of all contaminated material. Deactivating Chemicals: Sodium Sulfite, Sodium Thiosulfate and Sodium Bisulfite. SECTION 14 REGULATORY INFORMATION OSHA CLASSIFICATION, 29 CFR §1900-1910: Physical Hazards: Reactivity Health Hazards: Acute Health Hazard, Corrosive CERCLA AND SARA REGULATIONS, 40 CFR §300-373: Reportable Quantity = 100 lb. CERCLA Hazardous Material: Yes SARA Extremely Hazardous Substance: No SARA Toxic Chemical: No CA Prop 65: Not Listed TSCA Inventory Status: All components are listed or exempt TSCA 12(b): This product is not subject to export notification FDA 21 CFR 178.1010: Yes, Approved as Sanitizer NSF Whitebook (former USDA Approval) Listing: Aqua Guard Chlorinating Sanitizer 10.5% - 3D, B1, B2, D1, D2, G4, G7, GX, Q4, Aqua Guard Bleach 12.5% - 3D, B1, B2, D1, D2, G4, GX, Q4 EPA “CLEAN AIR ACT”: This product does not contain nor is it manufactured with ozone depleting substances. It is not defined as a Hazardous Air Pollutant per 40 CFR 112. EPA Pesticide: The 10.5% &12.5% Aqua Guard Chlorinating Sanitizer and Aqua Guard Bleach products are registered with the U.S. EPA as a pesticide, as required under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). NPCA-HMIS RATING: HEALTH: 3 FLAMMABILITY: 0 REACTIVITY: 1 NFPA 704 RATING: HEALTH: 2 FLAMMABILITY: 0 REACTIVITY: 1 SPECIAL HAZARD: COR SECTION 15 REFERENCES Suppliers’ Material Safety Data Sheets, EPA Labeling Requirements, Olin and OxyChem Sodium Hypochlorite Handbook, and Chlorine Institute Sodium Hypochlorite Pamphlet #96 This information contained herein, while not guaranteed, is offered only as a guide to the handling of this specific material and has been prepared in good faith by product knowledgeable personnel. This information is not intended to be all-inclusive as to the manner and conditions of use, handling and storage. Other factors may involve other or additional safety or performance considerations. Though Allied Universal Corporation is happy to respond to questions regarding safe handling of Allied’s products, safe handling and use remains the responsibility of the product’s consumers and/or customers. No warranty of merchantability or fitness for purpose, or any other kind, express or implied, is made regarding performance, stability or otherwise. Allied Universal Corp. will not be liable for any damages, losses, injuries or consequential damages that may result from the use of or reliance on any information contained herein. No suggestions for use are intended as, and nothing herein shall be construed as a recommendation to infringe any existing patents or violate any federal, state or local laws, rules, regulations or ordinances.

4 47 SAFETY DATA SHEET

1. Identification Product identifier Sodium Hydroxide Solution 25-50% Other means of identification SDS number AUC-003 Synonyms Sodium hydroxide * Soda lye solution * Caustic soda solution * Caustic soda * Lye * Liquid caustic Recommended use Water Treatment; pH Neutralizer; Pulping and Bleach; Manufacture of Detergents and Soaps Recommended restrictions None known. Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufacturer Company name Allied Universal Corporation Address 3901 N.W. 115th Avenue Miami, FL 33178 United States Telephone General: 1-305-888-2623 24-Hour alert: 1-786-522-0207 Website www.allieduniversal.com E-mail Not available. Contact person Operations Department Emergency phone number CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300 (US/Canada) +01 703-527-3887 (InternationaO Supplier Refer to Manufacturer 2. Hazard(s) identification Physical hazards Corrosive to metals Category 1 Health hazards Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure Category 3 respiratory tract irritation Environmental hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. OSHA defined hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. Label elements

Signal word Danger Hazard statement May be corrosive to metals. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. May cause respiratory irritation. Precautionary statement Prevention Keep only in original container. Do not breathe mist. Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. Response Specific treatment (see this label). IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. If on skin (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Absorb spillage to prevent material damage. Storage Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. Store in corrosive resistant container with a resistant inner liner. Disposal Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations.

Material name: Sodium Hydroxide Solution 25-50% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 48 1 / 10 Hazard(s) not otherwise No OSHA defined hazard classes. classified (HNOC) Other hazards which do not result in classification: Contact with most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. Contact with water will generate considerable heat. Reacts vigorously, violently or explosively with many organic and inorganic chemicals, such as strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, ketones, glycols and organic peroxides. Chronic skin contact with low concentrations may cause dermatitis. Supplemental information Not applicable. 3. Composition/information on ingredients Mixtures Chemical name Common name and synonyms CAS number % Sodium hydroxide Caustic soda 1310-73-2 25 - 50 Lye Soda lye *Designates that a specific chemical identity and/or percentage of composition has been withheld as a trade secret. 4. First-aid measures Inhalation Move to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, trained personnel should give oxygen. If breathing stops, provide artificial respiration. Induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Skin contact Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Immediately flush skin with running water for at least 20 minutes. Cover wound with sterile dressing. Do not rub area of contact. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Leather and shoes that have been contaminated with the solution may need to be destroyed. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Eye contact Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 20 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Take care not to rinse contaminated water into the unaffected eye or onto the face. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Ingestion If swallowed: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to a victim who is unconscious or is having convulsions. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Most important Inhalation of mists can cause severe respiratory irritation. Symptoms may include coughing, symptoms/effects, acute and choking and wheezing. Inhalation could result in pulmonary edema (fluid accumulation). delayed Symptoms of pulmonary edema (chest pain, shortness of breath) may be delayed. Direct skin contact may cause corrosive skin burns, deep ulcerations and possibly permanent scarring. Corrosive to the eyes and may cause severe damage including blindness. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. May cause severe irritation and corrosive damage in the mouth, throat and stomach. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, burns, perforations, bleeding and eventually death. Indication of immediate Immediate medical attention is required. Causes chemical burns. Symptoms may be delayed. medical attention and special treatment needed General information Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. 5. Fire-fighting measures Suitable extinguishing media Use fire-extinguishing media appropriate for surrounding materials. Water fog. Foam. Dry chemical powder. Carbon dioxide (CO2). Unsuitable extinguishing Do not use a solid water stream as it may scatter and spread fire. Some chemical extinguishing media agents may react with this material. Do not use halogenated extinguishing agents. Specific hazards arising from Not considered flammable. Contact with most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. the chemical Contact with water will generate considerable heat. The heat that is generated may be sufficient enough to ignite nearby combustible materials. Reacts vigorously, violently or explosively with many organic and inorganic chemicals, such as strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, ketones, glycols and organic peroxides. Toxic fumes, gases or vapors may evolve on burning. Special protective equipment Firefighters should wear proper protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus with and precautions for firefighters full face piece operated in positive pressure mode. A full-body chemical resistant suit should be worn. Fire fighting Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance. Evacuate the area promptly. Move equipment/instructions containers from fire area if you can do so without risk. Use water spray to cool unopened containers. Do not allow run-off from fire fighting to enter drains or water courses. Dike for water control. Specific methods Use standard firefighting procedures and consider the hazards of other involved materials.

Material name: Sodium Hydroxide Solution 25-50% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 49 2 / 10 Hazardous combustion Sodium oxides. products 6. Accidental release measures Personal precautions, Immediately evacuate personnel to safe areas. Keep unnecessary personnel away. Keep people protective equipment and away from and upwind of spill/leak. Wear appropriate protective equipment and clothing during emergency procedures clean-up. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. For personal protection, see section 8 of the SDS. Methods and materials for Ventilate the area. Remove sources of ignition. Stop leak if you can do so without risk. Absorb containment and cleaning up spillage to prevent material damage. Use a non-combustible material like vermiculite, sand or earth to soak up the product and place into a container for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor; but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Small Spills: Contain and absorb spilled liquid with non-combustible, inert absorbent material (e.g. sand). Dilute alkali with water and neutralize with acids (e.g. acetic acid / vinegar).

Large Spills: Prevent entry into waterways, sewer, basements or confined areas. If not recoverable, dilute with water or flush to holding area and neutralize. Remove with vacuum trucks or pump to storage/salvage vessels. Contact the proper local authorities.

Never return spills to original containers for re-use. Contaminated absorbent material may pose the same hazards as the spilled product. For waste disposal, see section 13 of the SDS. Environmental precautions Avoid discharge into drains, water courses or onto the ground. Contact local authorities in case of spillage to drain/aquatic environment. 7. Handling and storage Precautions for safe handling Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear chemically resistant protective equipment during handling. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. Do not breathe mist. Do not taste or swallow. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Keep away from heat. Keep away from metals and other incompatibles. When preparing or diluting solution, always add to water, slowly and with stirring. Use cold water to prevent excessive heat generation. When diluting, always add the product to water. Never add water to the product. Label containers appropriately. Wash thoroughly after handling. When using, do not eat, drink or smoke. Avoid release to the environment. Conditions for safe storage, Store in a cool, dry place out of direct sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. Store locked up. including any incompatibilities Storage area should be clearly identified, clear of obstruction and accessible only to trained and authorized personnel. Inspect periodically for damage or leaks. Store away from incompatible materials (see Section 10 of the SDS). Store in original tightly closed container. May be corrosive to Aluminum, stainless steels, carbon steel, copper, bronze, etc. Store in corrosive resistant/ container with a resistant inner liner. Compatible storage materials may include, but are not limited to the following: nickel and nickel alloys, steel, plastics, plastic or rubber-lined steel, FRP, or Derakane vinyl ester resin. Do not allow material to freeze. 8. Exposure controls/personal protection Occupational exposure limits US. OSHA Table Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants (29 CFR 1910.1000) Components Type Value

Sodium hydroxide (CAS PEL 2 mg/m3 1310-73-2) US. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Components Type Value

Sodium hydroxide (CAS Ceiling 2 mg/m3 1310-73-2) US. NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Components Type Value

Sodium hydroxide (CAS Ceiling 2 mg/m3 1310-73-2) Biological limit values No biological exposure limits noted for the ingredient(s).

Material name: Sodium Hydroxide Solution 25-50% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 50 3 / 10 Appropriate engineering Good general ventilation (typically 10 air changes per hour) should be used. Ventilation rates controls should be matched to conditions. If applicable, use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to maintain airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If exposure limits have not been established, maintain airborne levels to an acceptable level. Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Wear eye/face protection. Chemical goggles and face shield are recommended. Skin protection Hand protection Wear appropriate chemical resistant gloves. Advice should be sought from glove suppliers. Other Where contact is likely, wear chemical-resistant gloves, a chemical suit, rubber boots, and chemical safety goggles plus a face shield. Eye wash facilities and emergency shower must be available when handling this product. Respiratory protection In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. A NIOSH/MSHA approved air-purifying respirator with the appropriate chemical cartridges or a positive-pressure, air-supplied respirator may be used to reduce exposure. Use a positive-pressure air-supplied respirator if there is any potential for an uncontrolled release, exposure levels are not known, or any other circumstances where air-purifying respirators may not provide adequate protection. Respirators should be selected based on the form and concentration of contaminants in air, and in accordance with OSHA (29 CFR 1910.134). Advice should be sought from respiratory protection specialists. Thermal hazards Wear appropriate thermal protective clothing, when necessary. General hygiene Do not breathe mist. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. When using, do not eat, drink or considerations smoke. Upon completion of work, wash hands before eating, drinking, smoking or use of toilet facilities. Remove soiled clothing and wash it thoroughly before reuse. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. 9. Physical and chemical properties Appearance Clear to slightly turbid, viscous liquid. Physical state Liquid. Form Viscous liquid. Color Clear water-white Odor Odorless. Odor threshold Not available. pH > 14 (at high alkali concentration in water, pH scale is not applicable) Melting point/freezing point -13 °F (-25 °C) (25% concentration)

Initial boiling point and boiling 284 °F (140 °C) (50% concentration) range ) & FRQFHQWUDWLRQ

Flash point Not Applicable Evaporation rate Not applicable (the only evaporation that occurs is water) Flammability (solid, gas) Not available. Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits Flammability limit - lower Not Applicable (%) Flammability limit - upper Not Applicable (%) Explosive limit - lower (%) Not Applicable Explosive limit - upper (%) Not Applicable Vapor pressure 0.2 kPa 1.5 mm Hg 95 mm Hg @ 60°F Vapor pressure temp. 77 °F (25 °C) Vapor density Not available. Relative density 1.52 g/cm³ (50% concentration) Relative density temperature 68 °F (20 °C) Solubility(ies) Solubility (water) Soluble in all proportions.

Material name: Sodium Hydroxide Solution 25-50% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 51 4 / 10 Solubility (other) Soluble in absolute alcohol, methanol and glycerol. Moderately soluble in ethanol. Insoluble in acetone and diethyl ether. Partition coefficient Not available. (n-octanol/water) Auto-ignition temperature Not Applicable Decomposition temperature Not available. Viscosity 25.39 cSt (40% solution) Viscosity temperature 68 °F (20 °C) Other information Specific gravity 1.29 (25% concentration) 1.52 (50% concentration)

10. Stability and reactivity Reactivity Contact with most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. Contact with water will generate considerable heat. May be corrosive to Aluminum, stainless steels, carbon steel, copper, bronze, etc. Chemical stability Material is stable under normal conditions. Rapidly absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air forming sodium carbonate. Water, when added to sodium hydroxide may cause localized overheating and possible spattering. Possibility of hazardous Reacts vigorously, violently or explosively with many organic and inorganic chemicals, such as reactions strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, ketones, glycols and organic peroxides. Attacks plastics, such as polyamide-imide (Torlon) (10-100% solutions), polybutylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate (20-100%), thermoset polyester isophthalic acid (10-100%), polyvinylidene fluoride (Kynar; PVDF) (70-100% solutions), polyurethane (riged) (80-100%), and polyvinylidene chloride (Saran) (100%); elastomers, such as polysulfide and butadiene-styrene (SBR) (10-100%) and soft rubber (30-100%) (52,55); and coatings, such as polyester and vinyls (10-100%), coal tar epoxy, general purpose epoxy, epoxy polyamide and phenolic (7 -100%). Conditions to avoid Contact with incompatible materials. Avoid high temperatures. Do not use in areas without adequate ventilation. Incompatible materials Metals. Acids. Sodium borohydride. Tetrahydrofuran. Chlorinated compounds. Maleic anhydride. Cyanogen azide. Nitroalkanes. Silver nitrate. Ammonia. Acetaldehyde. Acrolein. Acrylonitrile. Allyl alcohol. Phosphorus. Hydroquinone. Sugars. Methanol. Zinc. Aluminum. Tin. Hazardous decomposition None known. products In the event of fire the following can be released: Sodium oxides. 11. Toxicological information Information on likely routes of exposure Inhalation May cause severe irritation to the nose, throat, and respiratory tract. Skin contact Causes severe skin burns. Not expected to be absorbed through the skin. Eye contact Causes serious eye damage. Ingestion Causes digestive tract burns. Most important Inhalation of mists can cause severe respiratory irritation. Symptoms may include coughing, symptoms/effects, acute and choking and wheezing. Inhalation could result in pulmonary edema (fluid accumulation). delayed Symptoms of pulmonary edema (chest pain, shortness of breath) may be delayed. Direct skin contact may cause corrosive skin burns, deep ulcerations and possibly permanent scarring. Corrosive to the eyes and may cause severe damage including blindness. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. May cause severe irritation and corrosive damage in the mouth, throat and stomach. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, burns, perforations, bleeding and eventually death. Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity There is no available data for the product itself, only for the ingredients. See below for individual ingredient acute toxicity data. Components Species Test Results Sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2) Acute Dermal LD50 Rabbit No Data in Literature

Material name: Sodium Hydroxide Solution 25-50% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 52 5 / 10 Components Species Test Results Inhalation LC50 Rat No Data in Literature Oral LD50 Rat No Data in Literature

* Estimates for product may be based on additional component data not shown. Skin corrosion/irritation Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Skin corrosion/irritiation - Category 1. Causes severe skin burns. Serious eye damage/eye . Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1 Causes serious eye irritation damage. Respiratory or skin sensitization Respiratory sensitization Not expected to be a respiratory sensitizer. Skin sensitizer Causes skin burns. Germ cell mutagenicity Not expected to be mutagenic. Carcinogenicity This product is not considered to be a carcinogen by IARC, ACGIH, NTP, or OSHA. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Reproductive toxicity This product is not expected to cause reproductive or developmental effects. Specific target organ toxicity - Hazardous by OSHA criteria. single exposure Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT), Single Exposure. Category 3. May cause respiratory irritation. Specific target organ toxicity - Not classified as a specific target organ toxicity -repeated exposure. repeated exposure Aspiration toxicity Not expected to be an aspiration hazard. Chronic effects Chronic skin contact with low concentrations may cause dermatitis. 12. Ecological information Ecotoxicity Because of the high pH of this product, it would be expected to produce significant ecotoxicity upon exposure to aquatic organisms and aquatic systems. However, may be neutralized by naturally occurring acidity in the environment. The ingredient ecotoxicity data appearing below is expected to be primarily associated with pH. Components Species Test Results Sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2) Aquatic Acute Crustacea EC50 Water flea (Ceriodaphnia dubia) 40 mg/l, 48 hours Fish LC50 Western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) 125 mg/l, 96 hours Persistence and degradability No data is available on the degradability of this product. Biodegradation is not applicable to inorganic substances. Bioaccumulative potential No accumulation in living organisms is expected due to high solubility and dissociation properties. Mobility in soil High water solubility indicates a high mobility in soil. Other adverse effects No other adverse environmental effects (e.g. ozone depletion, photochemical ozone creation potential, endocrine disruption, global warming potential) are expected from this component. 13. Disposal considerations Disposal instructions Collect and reclaim or dispose in sealed containers at licensed waste disposal site. This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. Do not allow this material to drain into sewers/water supplies. Do not contaminate ponds, waterways or ditches with chemical or used container. Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Local disposal regulations Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Hazardous waste code The waste code should be assigned in discussion between the user, the producer and the waste disposal company.

Material name: Sodium Hydroxide Solution 25-50% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 53 6 / 10 Waste from residues / unused Dispose of in accordance with local regulations. Empty containers or liners may retain some products product residues. This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe manner (see: Disposal instructions). Contaminated packaging Empty containers should be taken to an approved waste handling site for recycling or disposal. Since emptied containers may retain product residue, follow label warnings even after container is emptied. 14. Transport information DOT UN number UN1824 UN proper shipping name SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Label(s) 8 Packing group II Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. US CERCLA Reportable Quantity (RQ): 1000 lbs / 454 kg Special provisions B2, IB2, N34, T7, TP2 Packaging exceptions 154 Packaging non bulk 202 Packaging bulk 242 IATA UN number UN1824 UN proper shipping name SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Packing group II Environmental hazards No. ERG Code 8L Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Other information Passenger and cargo Allowed. aircraft Cargo aircraft only Allowed. IMDG UN number UN1824 UN proper shipping name SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Packing group II Environmental hazards Marine pollutant No. EmS F-A, S-B Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Transport in bulk according to This substance/mixture is not intended to be transported in bulk. Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code DOT

Material name: Sodium Hydroxide Solution 25-50% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 54 7 / 10 IATA; IMDG

15. Regulatory information US federal regulations This product is a "Hazardous Chemical" as defined by the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1200. All components are on the U.S. EPA TSCA Inventory List. TSCA Section 12(b) Export Notification (40 CFR 707, Subpt. D) Not regulated. CERCLA Hazardous Substance List (40 CFR 302.4) Sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2) Listed. SARA 304 Emergency release notification Not regulated. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) Hazard categories Immediate Hazard - Yes Delayed Hazard - No Fire Hazard - No Pressure Hazard - No Reactivity Hazard - No SARA 302 Extremely hazardous substance Not listed. SARA 311/312 Hazardous No chemical SARA 313 (TRI reporting) Not regulated.

Other federal regulations Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) List Not regulated. Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112(r) Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR 68.130) Not regulated. Safe Drinking Water Act Not regulated. (SDWA) US state regulations US. California Controlled Substances. CA Department of Justice (California Health and Safety Code Section 11100) Not listed. US. Massachusetts RTK - Substance List Sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2) US. New Jersey Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act Sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2) US. Pennsylvania Worker and Community Right-to-Know Law Sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2) US. Rhode Island RTK Sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2) US. California Proposition 65 California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65): This material is not known to contain any chemicals currently listed as carcinogens or reproductive toxins.

Material name: Sodium Hydroxide Solution 25-50% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 55 8 / 10 International Inventories Country(s) or region Inventory name On inventory (yes/no)* Australia Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS) Yes Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL) Yes Canada Non-Domestic Substances List (NDSL) No China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances in China (IECSC) Yes Europe European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Yes Substances (EINECS) Europe European List of Notified Chemical Substances (ELINCS) No Japan Inventory of Existing and New Chemical Substances (ENCS) Yes Korea Existing Chemicals List (ECL) Yes New Zealand New Zealand Inventory Yes Philippines Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances Yes (PICCS) United States & Puerto Rico Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory Yes *A "Yes" indicates that all components of this product comply with the inventory requirements administered by the governing country(s) A "No" indicates that one or more components of the product are not listed or exempt from listing on the inventory administered by the governing country(s). 16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision Issue date 12-19-2014 Version # 01 +0,6 + ) 5 1)3$ + ) 5

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List of abbreviations ACGIH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists CAS: Chemical Abstract Services CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 CFR: Code of Federal Regulations DOT: Department of Transportation DSL: Domestic Substance List EINECS: European Inventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances EPA: Environmental Protection Agency EPCRA: Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act HSDB® - Hazardous Substances Data Bank IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer IATA: International Air Transport Association IBC: Intermediate Bulk Container ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods LC: Lethal Concentration LD: Lethal Dose NIOSH: National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health NOEC: No observable effect concentration NTP: National Toxicology Program OECD: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration PPE: Personal Protective Equipment RCRA: Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RTECS: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances SARA: Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act SDS: Safety Data Sheet STEL: Short Term Exposure Limit TLV: Threshold Limit Values TWA: Time Weighted Average

Material name: Sodium Hydroxide Solution 25-50% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 56 9 / 10 Disclaimer Prepared by: ICC The Compliance Center Inc. 1-888-442-9628 http://www.thecompliancecenter.com

Disclaimer This Safety Data Sheet was prepared by ICC The Compliance Center Inc. using information provided by / obtained from Allied Universal Corporation and CCOHS’ Web Information Service. The information in the Safety Data Sheet is offered for your consideration and guidance when exposed to this product. ICC The Compliance Center Inc. and Allied Universal Corporation expressly disclaim all expressed or implied warranties and assume no responsibilities for the accuracy or completeness of the data contained herein. The data in this SDS does not apply to use with any other product or in any other process.

This Safety Data Sheet may not be changed, or altered in any way without the expressed knowledge and permission of ICC The Compliance Center Inc. and Allied Universal Corporation The information in the sheet was written based on the best knowledge and experience currently available. Bibliography ACGIH Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices (2014) Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, CCInfoWeb Databases, 2014 (Chempendium, RTECs, HSDB, INCHEM) Material Safety Data Sheet from manufacturer. OECD - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances - eChemPortal, 2014.

Material name: Sodium Hydroxide Solution 25-50% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 57 10 / 10 SAFETY DATA SHEET

1. Identification Product identifier Aqua Guard Muriatic Acid Other means of identification SDS number AUC-002 Synonyms Hydrochloric acid * Muratic acid Recommended use Water Treatment; Swimming Pool Chemical; Masonry Surface and Grout Cleaner Recommended restrictions None known. Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufacturer Company name Allied Universal Corporation Address 3901 N.W. 115th Avenue Miami, FL 33178 United States Telephone General: 1-305-888-2623 24-Hour alert: 1-786-522-0207 Website www.allieduniversal.com E-mail Not available. Contact person Operations Department Emergency phone number CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300 (US/Canada) +01 703-527-3887 (InternationaO Supplier Refer to Manufacturer 2. Hazard(s) identification Physical hazards Corrosive to metals Category 1 Health hazards Acute toxicity, oral Category 4 Acute toxicity, inhalation Category 4 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure Category 3 respiratory tract irritation Environmental hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. OSHA defined hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. Label elements

Signal word Danger Hazard statement Harmful if swallowed. May be corrosive to metals. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Harmful if inhaled. May cause respiratory irritation. Precautionary statement Prevention Keep only in original container. Do not breathe mist. Wash thoroughly after handling. Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. Response IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. If on skin (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Specific treatment (see this label). Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.

Material name: Aqua Guard Muriatic Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 58 1 / 10 Storage Store locked up. Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. Store in corrosive resistant container with a resistant inner liner. Disposal Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Hazard(s) not otherwise No OSHA defined hazard classes. classified (HNOC) Other hazards which do not result in classification: Contact with most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. Contact with water will generate considerable heat. In extreme cases, tooth erosion could result. Chronic skin contact with low concentrations may cause dermatitis. Supplemental information Not applicable. 3. Composition/information on ingredients Mixtures Chemical name Common name and synonyms CAS number % Water Dihydrogen oxide 7732-18-5 60 - 70 Hydrochloric Acid Muractic Acid 7647-01-0 30-40 Hydrogen Chloride

4. First-aid measures Inhalation IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. If breathing is difficult, trained personnel should give oxygen. If breathing stops, provide artificial respiration. Induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Skin contact Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Immediately flush skin with running water for at least 20 minutes. Cover wound with sterile dressing. Do not rub area of contact. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Leather and shoes that have been contaminated with the solution may need to be destroyed. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Eye contact Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 20 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Take care not to rinse contaminated water into the unaffected eye or onto the face. Get medical attention immediately. Ingestion If swallowed: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to a victim who is unconscious or is having convulsions. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Most important May be harmful if inhaled. Can cause severe respiratory irritation. Symptoms may include symptoms/effects, acute and coughing, choking and wheezing. Inhalation could result in pulmonary edema (fluid accumulation). delayed Symptoms of pulmonary edema (chest pain, shortness of breath) may be delayed. Direct skin contact may cause corrosive skin burns, deep ulcerations and possibly permanent scarring. Corrosive to the eyes and may cause severe damage including blindness. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. Harmful if swallowed. May cause severe irritation and corrosive damage in the mouth, throat and stomach. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, burns, perforations, bleeding and eventually death. Indication of immediate Immediate medical attention is required. Causes chemical burns. May be fatal if inhaled or medical attention and special swallowed. Provide general supportive measures and treat symptomatically. Symptoms may be treatment needed delayed. General information Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. 5. Fire-fighting measures Suitable extinguishing media Use media suitable to the surrounding fire such as water fog or fine spray, alcohol foams, carbon dioxide and dry chemical. Use water with caution. Contact with water will generate considerable heat. Unsuitable extinguishing Use chemical extinguishing agents with caution. Some chemical extinguishing agents may react media with this material. Specific hazards arising from Not considered flammable. Vapors are heavier than air and may spread along floors. Contact with the chemical most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. Contact with water will generate considerable heat. Reacts violently with a wide variety of organic and inorganic chemicals including alcohol, carbides, chlorates, picrates, nitrates and metals. Toxic fumes, gases or vapors may evolve on burning. Special protective equipment Firefighters should wear proper protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus with and precautions for firefighters full face piece operated in positive pressure mode. A full-body chemical resistant suit should be worn. Fire fighting Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance. Evacuate the area promptly. Move equipment/instructions containers from fire area if you can do so without risk. Use water spray to cool unopened containers. Do not allow run-off from fire fighting to enter drains or water courses. Dike for water control.

Material name: Aqua Guard Muriatic Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 59 2 / 10 Specific methods Use standard firefighting procedures and consider the hazards of other involved materials. Hazardous combustion Hydrogen and chlorine gas. Other irritating fumes and smoke. products 6. Accidental release measures Personal precautions, Immediately evacuate personnel to safe areas. Keep unnecessary personnel away. Keep people protective equipment and away from and upwind of spill/leak. Wear appropriate protective equipment and clothing during emergency procedures clean-up. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. For personal protection, see section 8 of the SDS. Methods and materials for Ventilate the area. Remove sources of ignition. Stop leak if you can do so without risk. Absorb containment and cleaning up spillage to prevent material damage. Use a non-combustible material like vermiculite, sand or earth to soak up the product and place into a container for later disposal. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift.

Small Spills: Contain and absorb spilled liquid with non-combustible, inert absorbent material (e.g. sand). Dilute acid with water and neutralize with Sodium Carbonate (soda ash) or lime. Use caution when neutralizing. Neutralization may release Carbon dioxide.

Never return spills to original containers for re-use. Contaminated absorbent material may pose the same hazards as the spilled product. For waste disposal, see Section 13. Environmental precautions Avoid discharge into drains, water courses or onto the ground. Contact local authorities in case of spillage to drain/aquatic environment. 7. Handling and storage Precautions for safe handling Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear chemically resistant protective equipment during handling. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. Do not breathe mist. Do not taste or swallow. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Keep away from heat. Keep away from metals and other incompatibles. When preparing or diluting solution, always add to water, slowly and with stirring. Never add water to the product. Label containers appropriately. Wash thoroughly after handling. When using, do not eat, drink or smoke. Avoid release to the environment. Conditions for safe storage, Store in a cool, dry place out of direct sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. Store locked up. including any incompatibilities Storage area should be clearly identified, clear of obstruction and accessible only to trained and authorized personnel. Inspect periodically for damage or leaks. Store away from incompatible materials (see Section 10 of the SDS). Store in original tightly closed container. Store in corrosive resistant container with a resistant inner liner. Suitable container and packaging materials for safe storage: Rubber lined steel. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Polyethylene. Polypropylene. Teflon. FRP. 8. Exposure controls/personal protection Occupational exposure limits US. OSHA Table Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants (29 CFR 1910.1000) Components Type Value

Hydrochloric Acid (CAS Ceiling 7 mg/m3 7647-01-0) 5 ppm US. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Components Type Value

Hydrochloric Acid (CAS Ceiling 2 ppm 7647-01-0) US. NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Components Type Value

Hydrochloric Acid (CAS Ceiling 7 mg/m3 7647-01-0) 5 ppm Biological limit values No biological exposure limits noted for the ingredient(s).

Material name: Aqua Guard Muriatic Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 60 3 / 10 Appropriate engineering Good general ventilation (typically 10 air changes per hour) should be used. Ventilation rates controls should be matched to conditions. If applicable, use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to maintain airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If exposure limits have not been established, maintain airborne levels to an acceptable level. Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Chemical goggles and face shield are recommended. Skin protection Hand protection Wear appropriate chemical resistant gloves. Advice should be sought from glove suppliers. Other Where contact is likely, wear chemical-resistant gloves, a chemical suit, rubber boots, and chemical safety goggles plus a face shield. Respiratory protection In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. A NIOSH/MSHA approved air-purifying respirator with the appropriate chemical cartridges or a positive-pressure, air-supplied respirator may be used to reduce exposure. Use a positive-pressure air-supplied respirator if there is any potential for an uncontrolled release, exposure levels are not known, or any other circumstances where air-purifying respirators may not provide adequate protection. Respirators should be selected based on the form and concentration of contaminants in air, and in accordance with OSHA (29 CFR 1910.134). Advice should be sought from respiratory protection specialists. Thermal hazards Wear appropriate thermal protective clothing, when necessary. General hygiene Do not breathe mist. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. When using, do not eat, drink or considerations smoke. Upon completion of work, wash hands before eating, drinking, smoking or use of toilet facilities. Remove soiled clothing and wash it thoroughly before reuse. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. 9. Physical and chemical properties Appearance Colorless or slightly yellow, fuming liquid. Physical state Liquid. Form Fuming Liquid Color Colorless to light yellow. Odor Pungent. Odor threshold 1 - 5 ppm (detectable) pH 0.1 - 1 Melting point/freezing point -31 °F (-35 °C) Initial boiling point and boiling 143.6 °F (62 °C) range Flash point Not Applicable. Does not burn. Evaporation rate Not available. Flammability (solid, gas) Not applicable. Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits Flammability limit - lower Not Applicable (%) Flammability limit - upper Not Applicable (%) Explosive limit - lower (%) Not Applicable Explosive limit - upper (%) Not Applicable Vapor pressure 84 mm Hg Vapor pressure temp. 68 °F (20 °C) Vapor density 1.268 Vapor density temp. 68 °F (20 °C) Relative density 1.18 g/cm³ Solubility(ies) Solubility (water) Soluble Solubility (other) Very soluble in ethanol, methanol, dioxane and tetrahydrofuran. Insoluble in hydrocarbons (e.g. n-Hexane). Partition coefficient Not available. (n-octanol/water)

Material name: Aqua Guard Muriatic Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 61 4 / 10 Auto-ignition temperature Not Applicable Decomposition temperature Not available. Viscosity 2 cP (approximately) Viscosity temperature 68 °F (20 °C) Other information Specific gravity 1.18 10. Stability and reactivity Reactivity Contact with most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. Contact with water will generate considerable heat. May be corrosive to metals. May be corrosive to: AluminumVtainless steel Farbon steel Fopper Eronze Chemical stability Material is stable under normal conditions. Possibility of hazardous Reacts violently with a wide variety of organic and inorganic chemicals including alcohol, carbides, reactions chlorates, picrates, nitrates and metals. Aldehydes and epoxides in the presence of hydrochloric acid cause violent polymerization. Alcohol and glycols in the presence of hydrochloric acid lead to dehydration reactions. Conditions to avoid Avoid high temperatures. Avoid contact with incompatible materials. Do not use in areas without adequate ventilation. Incompatible materials Metals. Bases. Strong oxidizing agents. Strong reducing agents. Aldehydes. Epoxides. Carbides. Picrates. Nitrates. Alcohols. Fluorine. Water, moisture. Strong acids. Acetylides. Borides. Hazardous decomposition None known. products In the event of fire the following can be released: Chlorine. Hydrogen. Hydrogen chloride gas. 11. Toxicological information Information on likely routes of exposure Inhalation Harmful if inhaled. Skin contact Causes severe skin burns. Not expected to be absorbed through the skin. Eye contact Causes serious eye damage. Ingestion Harmful if swallowed. Causes digestive tract burns. Most important May be harmful if inhaled. Can cause severe respiratory irritation. Symptoms may include symptoms/effects, acute and coughing, choking and wheezing. Inhalation could result in pulmonary edema (fluid accumulation). delayed Symptoms of pulmonary edema (chest pain, shortness of breath) may be delayed. Direct skin contact may cause corrosive skin burns, deep ulcerations and possibly permanent scarring. Corrosive to the eyes and may cause severe damage including blindness. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. Harmful if swallowed. May cause severe irritation and corrosive damage in the mouth, throat and stomach. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, burns, perforations, bleeding and eventually death. Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity Harmful if inhaled. Harmful if swallowed. The below product data is the calculated ATE values for this mixture. Individual ingredient component data appears below the product mixture ATE values. Product Species Test Results Aqua Guard Muriatic Acid (CAS Mixture) Acute Inhalation LC50 Rat 3 mg/l, 4 hours (mist) Oral LD50 Rat 680 mg/kg Components Species Test Results Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) Acute Dermal LD50 Rabbit > 5010 mg/kg Inhalation LC50 Rat 1.05 - 1.175 mg/l, 4 Hours (mist)

Material name: Aqua Guard Muriatic Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 62 5 / 10 Components Species Test Results Oral LD50 Rat 238 - 277 mg/kg Water (CAS 7732-18-5) Acute Dermal LD50 Rabbit Not available. Inhalation LC50 Rat Not available. Oral LD50 Rat > 89840 mg/kg Skin corrosion/irritation Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Skin corrosion/irritiation - Category 1. Causes severe skin burns. Serious eye damage/eye Hazardous by OSHA criteria. irritation Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1. Causes serious eye damage. Respiratory or skin sensitization Respiratory sensitization Not expected to be a respiratory sensitizer. Skin sensitizer Causes severe skin burns. Germ cell mutagenicity Not expected to be mutagenic. Carcinogenicity This product is not considered to be a carcinogen by IARC, ACGIH, NTP, or OSHA. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Reproductive toxicity This product is not expected to cause reproductive or developmental effects. Specific target organ toxicity - Hazardous by OSHA criteria. single exposure Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT), Single Exposure, Category 3. May cause respiratory irritation. Specific target organ toxicity - Not classified as a specific target organ toxicity -repeated exposure. repeated exposure Aspiration toxicity Not expected to be an aspiration hazard. Chronic effects Chronic skin contact with low concentrations may cause dermatitis. In extreme cases, tooth erosion could result. 12. Ecological information Ecotoxicity Because of the low pH of this product, it would be expected to produce significant ecotoxicity upon exposure to aquatic organisms and aquatic systems. However, Hydrochloric acid dissociates in water and will be neutralized by naturally occurring alkalinity. The acid will permeate soil, dissolving some soil material and will be somewhat neutralized. The ingredient ecotoxicity data appearing below is expected to be primarily associated with pH. Components Species Test Results Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) Aquatic Acute Algae EC50 Green algae (Selenastrum 0.492 mg/l, 72 hours capricornutum) Crustacea EC50 Water flea (Daphnia magna) 0.492 mg/l, 48 hours Fish LC50 Carp (Cyprinus carpio communis) 4.92 mg/l, 96 hours Chronic Algae NOEC Green algae (Selenastrum 0.097 mg/l, 72 hours capricornutum) Persistence and degradability No data is available on the degradability of this product. Biodegradation is not applicable to inorganic substances. Bioaccumulative potential No accumulation in living organisms is expected due to high solubility and dissociation properties. Mobility in soil High water solubility indicates a high mobility in soil. Other adverse effects No other adverse environmental effects (e.g. ozone depletion, photochemical ozone creation potential, endocrine disruption, global warming potential) are expected from this component. Material name: Aqua Guard Muriatic Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 63 6 / 10 13. Disposal considerations Disposal instructions Collect and reclaim or dispose in sealed containers at licensed waste disposal site. This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. Do not allow this material to drain into sewers/water supplies. Do not contaminate ponds, waterways or ditches with chemical or used container. Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Local disposal regulations Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Hazardous waste code The waste code should be assigned in discussion between the user, the producer and the waste disposal company. Waste from residues / unused Dispose of in accordance with local regulations. Empty containers or liners may retain some products product residues. This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe manner (see: Disposal instructions). Contaminated packaging Empty containers should be taken to an approved waste handling site for recycling or disposal. Since emptied containers may retain product residue, follow label warnings even after container is emptied. 14. Transport information DOT UN number UN1789 UN proper shipping name Hydrochloric acid Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Label(s) 8 Packing group II Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. US CERCLA Reportable Quantity (RQ): 5000 lbs / 2270 kg Special provisions A3, A6, B3, B15, IB2, N41, T8, TP2, TP12 Packaging exceptions 154 Packaging non bulk 202 Packaging bulk 242 IATA UN number UN1789 UN proper shipping name Hydrochloric acid Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Packing group II Environmental hazards No. ERG Code 8L Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Other information Passenger and cargo Allowed. aircraft Cargo aircraft only Allowed. IMDG UN number UN1789 UN proper shipping name HYDROCHLORIC ACID Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Packing group II Environmental hazards Marine pollutant No. EmS F-A, S-B Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Transport in bulk according to This substance/mixture is not intended to be transported in bulk. Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code

Material name: Aqua Guard Muriatic Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 64 7 / 10 DOT

IATA; IMDG

General information 1RQH. 15. Regulatory information US federal regulations This product is a "Hazardous Chemical" as defined by the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1200. All components are on the U.S. EPA TSCA Inventory List. TSCA Section 12(b) Export Notification (40 CFR 707, Subpt. D) Not regulated. CERCLA Hazardous Substance List (40 CFR 302.4) Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) Listed. SARA 304 Emergency release notification Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) 5000 LBS OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) Hazard categories Immediate Hazard - Yes Delayed Hazard - No Fire Hazard - No Pressure Hazard - No Reactivity Hazard - No SARA 302 Extremely hazardous substance Chemical name CAS number Reportable Threshold Threshold Threshold quantity planning quantity planning quantity, planning quantity, lower value upper value Hydrochloric Acid 7647-01-0 5000 500 lbs SARA 311/312 Hazardous No chemical SARA 313 (TRI reporting) Chemical name CAS number % by wt. Hydrochloric Acid 7647-01-0 30-40 Other federal regulations Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) List Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112(r) Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR 68.130) Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) Safe Drinking Water Act Not regulated. (SDWA)

Material name: Aqua Guard Muriatic Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 65 8 / 10 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). List 2, Essential Chemicals (21 CFR 1310.02(b) and 1310.04(f)(2) and Chemical Code Number Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) 6545 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). List 1 & 2 Exempt Chemical Mixtures (21 CFR 1310.12(c)) Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) 20 %WV DEA Exempt Chemical Mixtures Code Number Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) 6545 US state regulations US. California Controlled Substances. CA Department of Justice (California Health and Safety Code Section 11100) Not listed. US. Massachusetts RTK - Substance List Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) US. New Jersey Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) US. Pennsylvania Worker and Community Right-to-Know Law Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) US. Rhode Island RTK Hydrochloric Acid (CAS 7647-01-0) US. California Proposition 65 California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65): This material is not known to contain any chemicals currently listed as carcinogens or reproductive toxins. International Inventories Country(s) or region Inventory name On inventory (yes/no)* Australia Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS) Yes Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL) Yes Canada Non-Domestic Substances List (NDSL) No China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances in China (IECSC) Yes Europe European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Yes Substances (EINECS) Europe European List of Notified Chemical Substances (ELINCS) No Japan Inventory of Existing and New Chemical Substances (ENCS) Yes Korea Existing Chemicals List (ECL) Yes New Zealand New Zealand Inventory Yes Philippines Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances Yes (PICCS) United States & Puerto Rico Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory Yes *A "Yes" indicates that all components of this product comply with the inventory requirements administered by the governing country(s) A "No" indicates that one or more components of the product are not listed or exempt from listing on the inventory administered by the governing country(s). 16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision Issue date 12-19-2014 Version # 01 + ) 5 +0,6 1)3$ + ) 5

Material name: Aqua Guard Muriatic Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 66 9 / 10 List of abbreviations ACGIH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists CAS: Chemical Abstract Services CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 CFR: Code of Federal Regulations DOT: Department of Transportation DSL: Domestic Substance List EC: European Community EINECS: European Inventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances EPA: Environmental Protection Agency EPCRA: Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act HSDB® - Hazardous Substances Data Bank IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer IATA: International Air Transport Association IBC: Intermediate Bulk Container IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods LC: Lethal Concentration LD: Lethal Dose NOEC: No observable effect concentration NTP: National Toxicology Program OECD: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration PPE: Personal Protective Equipment RCRA: Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RTECS: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances SARA: Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act SDS: Safety Data Sheet STEL: Short Term Exposure Limit TLV: Threshold Limit Values TWA: Time Weighted Average Disclaimer Prepared by: ICC The Compliance Center Inc. 1-888-442-9628 http://www.thecompliancecenter.com

This Safety Data Sheet may not be changed, or altered in any way without the expressed knowledge and permission of ICC The Compliance Center Inc. and Allied Universal Corporation The information in the sheet was written based on the best knowledge and experience currently available. Bibliography ACGIH Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices (2014) International Agency for Research on Cancer Monographs (2014) Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, CCInfoWeb Databases, 2014 (Chempendium, RTECs, HSDB, INCHEM) Material Safety Data Sheet from manufacturer.

OECD - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances - eChemPortal, 2014.

Material name: Aqua Guard Muriatic Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-19-2014 67 10 / 10 SAFETY DATA SHEET

1. Identification Product identifier Aqua Guard Pool Acid Other means of identification SDS number AUC-006 Synonyms 6XOIXULF Acid Solution * Hydrogen sulfate solution Recommended use Cleaner for swimming pools, tiles, stone and other masonary surfaces Recommended restrictions 1RQHNQRZQ Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufacturer Company name Allied Universal Corporation Address 3901 N.W. 115th Avenue Miami, FL 33178 United States Telephone General: 1-305-888-2623 24-Hour alert: 1-786-522-0207 Website www.allieduniversal.com E-mail Not available. Contact person Operations Department Emergency phone number CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300 (US/Canada) +01 703-527-3887 (InternationaO Supplier Refer to Manufacturer 2. Hazard(s) identification Physical hazards Corrosive to metals Category 1 Health hazards Acute toxicity, inhalation Category 4 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure Category 3 respiratory tract irritation Environmental hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. OSHA defined hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. Label elements

Signal word Danger Hazard statement May be corrosive to metals. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Harmful if inhaled. May cause respiratory irritation. Precautionary statement Prevention Do not breathe mist/vapors/spray. Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. Keep only in original container. Response 6SHFLILFWUHDWPHQW VHHWKLVODEHO IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take offimmediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. :DVKFRQWDPLQDWHGFORWKLQJEHIRUHUHXVHIF INHALED: Removeperson to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with waterfor several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.Immediately call a poison center/ doctor. Absorb spillage to prevent material damage. Storage Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. Store locked up. Store in corrosive resistant container with a resistant inner liner.

Material name: Aqua Guard Pool Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-22-2014 68 1 / 10 Disposal Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Hazard(s) not otherwise No OSHA defined hazard classes. classified (HNOC) Other hazards which do not result in classification: Contact with most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts violently with water with evolution of heat. Reacts violently with a wide variety of organic and inorganic chemicals including alcohol, carbides, chlorates, picrates, nitrates and metals. In extreme cases, tooth erosion could result. Chronic skin contact with low concentrations may cause dermatitis. Supplemental information None. 3. Composition/information on ingredients Mixtures Chemical name Common name and synonyms CAS number % 6XOIXULF Acid Hydrogen SulIate 7664-93-9 32 - 33 Oil of Vitriol Water Dihydrogen oxide 7732-18-5 Balance *Designates that a specific chemical identity and/or percentage of composition has been withheld as a trade secret. 4. First-aid measures Inhalation IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. If breathing is difficult, trained personnel should give oxygen. If breathing stops, provide artificial respiration. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Skin contact IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. Duration of rinsing should be at least 20 minutes. Cover wound with sterile dressing. Do not rub area of contact. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Leather and shoes that have been contaminated with the solution may need to be destroyed. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Eye contact IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Duration of rinsing should be at least 20 minutes. Take care not to rinse contaminated water into the unaffected eye or onto the face. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Ingestion IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth. Never give anything by mouth to a victim who is unconscious or is having convulsions. Most important Can cause severe respiratory irritation. Symptoms may include coughing, choking and wheezing. symptoms/effects, acute and Inhalation could result in pulmonary edema (fluid accumulation). Symptoms of pulmonary edema delayed (chest pain, shortness of breath) may be delayed. May result in unconsciousness and possibly death. Direct skin contact may cause corrosive skin burns, deep ulcerations and possibly permanent scarring. Corrosive to the eyes and may cause severe damage including blindness. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. May cause severe irritation and corrosive damage in the mouth, throat and stomach. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, burns, perforations, bleeding and eventually death. Indication of immediate Immediate medical attention is required. Causes chemical burns. May be fatal if inhaled. medical attention and special Symptoms may be delayed. treatment needed General information Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance. 5. Fire-fighting measures Suitable extinguishing media Use media suitable to the surrounding fire such as water fog or fine spray, alcohol foams, carbon dioxide and dry chemical. Use water with caution. Contact with water will generate considerable heat. Unsuitable extinguishing Use chemical extinguishing agents with caution. Some chemical extinguishing agents may react media with this material. Specific hazards arising from Not considered flammable. Vapors are heavier than air and may spread along floors. Contact with the chemical most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts violently with water with evolution of heat. Contact with combustible material may cause fire. Reacts violently with a wide variety of organic and inorganic chemicals including alcohol, carbides, chlorates, picrates, nitrates and metals. Toxic fumes, gases or YDSRUV may evolve on burning. Special protective equipment Firefighters should wear proper protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus with and precautions for firefighters full face piece operated in positive pressure mode. A full-body chemical resistant suit should be worn.

Material name: Aqua Guard Pool Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-22-2014 69 2 / 10 Fire fighting Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance. Firefighters must use standard equipment/instructions protective equipment including flame retardant coat, helmet with face shield, gloves, rubber boots, and in enclosed spaces, SCBA. Evacuate the area promptly. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Use water spray to cool unopened containers. Fight fire from upwind to avoid exposure to combustion products. Do not allow run-off from fire fighting to enter drains or water courses. Dike for water control. Specific methods Use standard firefighting procedures and consider the hazards of other involved materials. Hazardous combustion Toxic fumes, gases or YDSRUV may evolve on burning. Sulphur oxides. products 6. Accidental release measures Personal precautions, Immediately evacuate personnel to safe areas. Keep unnecessary personnel away. Keep people protective equipment and away from and upwind of spill/leak. Wear appropriate protective equipment and clothing during emergency procedures clean-up. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. For personal protection, see section 8 of the SDS. Methods and materials for Ventilate the area. Remove sources of ignition. Stop leak if you can do so without risk. Absorb containment and cleaning up spillage to prevent material damage. Use a non-combustible material like vermiculite, sand or earth to soak up the product and place into a container for later disposal.

Small Spills: Contain and absorb spilled liquid with non-combustible, inert absorbent material (e.g. sand). Dilute acid with water and neutralize with Sodium Carbonate (soda ash) or lime. Clean surface thoroughly to remove residual contamination.

Large Spills: Prevent entry into waterways, sewer, basements or confined areas. Following product recovery, flush area with water. Do not flush into surface water or sanitary sewer system. If not recoverable, dilute with water or flush to holding area and neutralize. Remove with vacuum trucks or pump to storage/salvage vessels.

Never return spills to original containers for re-use. Contaminated absorbent material may pose the same hazards as the spilled product. For waste disposal, see section 13 of the SDS. Environmental precautions Avoid discharge into drains, water courses or onto the ground. Contact local authorities in case of spillage to drain/aquatic environment. 7. Handling and storage Precautions for safe handling Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear chemically resistant protective equipment during handling. Do not breathe mist. Do not taste or swallow. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Keep away from heat. Keep away from metals and other incompatibles. When preparing or diluting solution, always add to water, slowly and with stirring. When diluting, always add the product to water. Never add water to the product. Label containers appropriately. Wash thoroughly after handling. When using, do not eat, drink or smoke. Avoid release to the environment. Conditions for safe storage, Store in a cool, dry place out of direct sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. Store locked up. including any incompatibilities Storage area should be clearly identified, clear of obstruction and accessible only to trained and authorized personnel. Store away from incompatible materials (see Section 10 of the SDS). Store in original tightly closed container. Store in corrosive resistant container with a resistant inner liner. 8. Exposure controls/personal protection Occupational exposure limits US. OSHA Table Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants (29 CFR 1910.1000) Components Type Value

6XOIXULF Acid (CAS PEL 1 mg/m3 7664-93-9) US. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Components Type Value Form

6XOIXULF Acid (CAS TWA 0.2 mg/m3 Thoracic fraction. 7664-93-9) US. NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Components Type Value

6XOIXULF Acid (CAS TWA 1 mg/m3 7664-93-9) Biological limit values No biological exposure limits noted for the ingredient(s).

Material name: Aqua Guard Pool Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-22-2014 70 3 / 10 Exposure guidelines The NIOSH IDLH concentration for 6XOIXULF acid is 15 mg/m3. The purpose of establishing an IDLH value is to ensure that the worker can escape from a given contaminated environment in the event of failure of the most protective respiratory protection equipment. In the event of failure of respiratory protection equipment every effort should be made to exit immediately. Appropriate engineering Good general ventilation (typically 10 air changes per hour) should be used. Ventilation rates controls should be matched to conditions. If applicable, use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to maintain airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If exposure limits have not been established, maintain airborne levels to an acceptable level. Eye wash facilities and emergency shower must be available when handling this product. Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Chemical goggles and face shield are recommended. Eye wash fountains are required. Skin protection Hand protection Wear appropriate chemical-resistant gloves. Advice should be sought from glove suppliers. Other Where contact is likely, wear chemical-resistant gloves, a chemical suit, rubber boots, and chemical safety goggles plus a face shield. A chemical protective full-body encapsulating suit may be required in some operations. Eye wash facilities and emergency shower must be available when handling this product. Respiratory protection In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If respiratory protection is required, institute a complete respiratory protection program including selection, fit testing, training, maintenance and inspection. Respirators should be selected based on the form and concentration of contaminants in air, and in accordance with OSHA (29 CFR 1910.134). Seek advice from respiratory protection specialists. Thermal hazards Not applicable. General hygiene Do not breathe mist. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Upon completion of work, wash considerations hands before eating, drinking, smoking or use of toilet facilities. Remove soiled clothing and wash it thoroughly before reuse. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. 9. Physical and chemical properties Appearance Physical state Liquid. Form Oily liquid. Color Clear, colorless. Odor Odorless. Odor threshold Not available. pH 1 (1% Solution) Melting point/freezing point - to °F (- to - °C) Initial boiling point and boiling °F ( °C) range Flash point Not Dpplicable (Does not burn) Evaporation rate Not available. Flammability (solid, gas) Not applicable. Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits Flammability limit - lower Not Dpplicable (%) Flammability limit - upper Not Applicable (%) Explosive limit - lower (%) Not available. Explosive limit - upper (%) Not available. Vapor pressure mm Hg @ °& Vapor density Relative density LQSRXQGVSHUJDOORQ Solubility(ies) Solubility (water) Soluble in all proportions. Solubility (other) Decomposes in Ethanol.

Material name: Aqua Guard Pool Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-22-2014 71 4 / 10 Partition coefficient Not available. (n-octanol/water) Auto-ignition temperature Not available. Decomposition temperature 644 °F (340 °C) Viscosity 13.6 mm²/s (100%) Viscosity temperature 77 °F (25 °C) Other information Chemical family Mineral acid. Explosive properties Not explosive. Molecular formula H2SO4 Molecular weight 98.08 Oxidizing properties No oxidizing properties. Percent volatile 0 % 77°F Specific gravity 1. Surface tension 49.6 dynes/cm at 30°C (100%) 10. Stability and reactivity Reactivity Reacts violently with water with evolution of heat. Contact with most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. May be corrosive to metals. May be corrosive to: Aluminum. Brass.; Bronze Carbon steel. Stainless steel. Nickel. Copper. Cast iron. Chemical stability Material is stable under normal conditions. Decomposes at ~ 340°C to form sulphur trioxide. Possibility of hazardous Reacts violently with a wide variety of organic and inorganic chemicals including alcohol, carbides, reactions chlorates, picrates, nitrates and metals. Acetaldehyde and allyl chloride may polymerize violently in the presence of sulfuric acid. Hazardous gases, such as hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide and acetylene, are evolved on contact with chemicals such as cyanides, sulfides and carbides. Conditions to avoid Avoid high temperatures. Contact with incompatible materials. Do not use in areas without adequate ventilation. Incompatible materials Metals. Bases. Water. Strong oxidizing agents. Strong acids. Alcohols. Carbides. Picrates. Chlorates. Nitrates. Sulfides. Cyanides. Hazardous decomposition None known, refer to hazardous combustion products in Section 5. The following may be released products during a fire: Sulphur oxides. 11. Toxicological information Information on likely routes of exposure Inhalation Inhalation of mists can cause severe respiratory irritation. Skin contact Causes severe skin burns. Not expected to be absorbed through the skin. Eye contact Causes serious eye damage. Ingestion Causes digestive tract burns. Most important Can cause severe respiratory irritation. Symptoms may include coughing, choking and wheezing. symptoms/effects, acute and Inhalation could result in pulmonary edema (fluid accumulation). Symptoms of pulmonary edema delayed (chest pain, shortness of breath) may be delayed. May result in unconsciousness and possibly death. Direct skin contact may cause corrosive skin burns, deep ulcerations and possibly permanent scarring. Corrosive to the eyes and may cause severe damage including blindness. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. May cause severe irritation and corrosive damage in the mouth, throat and stomach. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, burns, perforations, bleeding and eventually death. Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity Acute Toxicity (inhalation - mist) - Category 4 The below product data is the calculated ATE values for this mixture. Individual ingredient component data appears below the product mixture ATE values. Product Species Test Results Aqua Guard Pool Acid Acute Inhalation LC50 Rat 1.13 mg/l, 4 hours (Calculated ATE)

Material name: Aqua Guard Pool Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-22-2014 72 5 / 10 Components Species Test Results 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) Acute Dermal Rabbit No Data in Literature Inhalation LC50 Rat 0.375 mg/l, 4 hours (mist) Oral LD50 Rat 2140 mg/kg Water (CAS 7732-18-5) Acute Dermal LD50 Rabbit Not available. Inhalation LC50 Rat Not available. Oral LD50 Rat > 89840 mg/kg Skin corrosion/irritation Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Skin corrosion/irritiation - Category 1. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Serious eye damage/eye Hazardous by OSHA criteria. irritation Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1. Causes serious eye damage. Respiratory or skin sensitization Respiratory sensitization Not expected to be a respiratory sensitizer. Skin sensitizer Not expected to be a skin sensitizer. Germ cell mutagenicity Not expected to be mutagenic. Carcinogenicity Not expected to be hazardous by OSHA criteria. Occupational exposure to strong inorganic acid mists containing sulfuric acid is carcinogenic to humans. The information located is insufficient to conclude that sulfuric acid itself is a carcinogen. IARC has concluded there is sufficient evidence that occupational exposure to strong inorganic acid mists containing sulfuric acid is carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). ACGIH has designated strong inorganic acid mists containing sulfuric acid as A2 (suspected human carcinogen). US NTP has listed strong inorganic acid mists containing sulfuric acid as a known human carcinogen. These classifications are for inorganic acid mists containing sulfuric acid and does not apply to sulfuric acid or sulfuric acid solutions. IARC Monographs. Overall Evaluation of Carcinogenicity 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) 1 Carcinogenic to humans. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. US. National Toxicology Program (NTP) Report on Carcinogens 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) Known To Be Human Carcinogen. Reproductive toxicity This product is not expected to cause reproductive or developmental effects. Specific target organ toxicity - Hazardous by OSHA criteria. single exposure The substance or mixture is classified as specific target organ toxicant, single exposure, category 3 with respiratory tract irritation. May cause respiratory irritation. Specific target organ toxicity - Not classified as a specific target organ toxicity -repeated exposure. repeated exposure Aspiration toxicity Not expected to be an aspiration hazard. Chronic effects Chronic skin contact with low concentrations may cause dermatitis. In extreme cases, tooth erosion could result. 12. Ecological information Ecotoxicity Because of the low pH of this product, it would be expected to produce significant ecotoxicity upon exposure to aquatic organisms and aquatic systems. However, it may be neutralized by naturally occurring alkalinity in the environment. The ingredient ecotoxicity data appearing above is expected to be primarily associated with pH.

Material name: Aqua Guard Pool Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-22-2014 73 6 / 10 Components Species Test Results 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) Aquatic Acute Algae EC50 Green Algae (Pseudokirchneriella > 100 mg/l, 72 hours subcapitata) Crustacea EC50 Water flea (Daphnia magna) 29 mg/l, 24 hours Fish LC50 Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) 16 - 28 mg/l, 96 hours Persistence and degradability Biodegradation is not applicable to inorganic substances. Bioaccumulative potential No accumulation in living organisms is expected due to high solubility and dissociation properties. Mobility in soil High water solubility indicates a high mobility in soil. Other adverse effects No other adverse environmental effects (e.g. ozone depletion, photochemical ozone creation potential, endocrine disruption, global warming potential) are expected from this component. 13. Disposal considerations Disposal instructions Collect and reclaim or dispose in sealed containers at licensed waste disposal site. Do not allow this material to drain into sewers/water supplies. Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Local disposal regulations Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Hazardous waste code The waste code should be assigned in discussion between the user, the producer and the waste disposal company. Waste from residues / unused Dispose of in accordance with local regulations. Empty containers or liners may retain some products product residues. This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe manner (see: Disposal instructions). Contaminated packaging Empty containers should be taken to an approved waste handling site for recycling or disposal. Since emptied containers may retain product residue, follow label warnings even after container is emptied. 14. Transport information DOT UN number UN2796 UN proper shipping name Sulfuric acid with not more than 51% acid ( RQ = 1000) Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Label(s) 8 Packing group II Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. US CERCLA Reportable Quantity (RQ): 1000 lbs / 454 kg Special provisions A3, A7, B2, B15, IB2, N6, N34, T8, TP2, TP12 Packaging exceptions 154 Packaging non bulk 202 Packaging bulk 242 IATA UN number UN2796 UN proper shipping name 6XOIXULF acid with 51% or less acid Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Packing group II Environmental hazards No. ERG Code 8L Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Refer to the appropriate Packing Instruction, prior to shipping this material. Review all State and Operator Variations, prior to shipping this material. Other information Passenger and cargo Allowed. aircraft Cargo aircraft only Allowed.

Material name: Aqua Guard Pool Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-22-2014 74 7 / 10 IMDG UN number UN2796 UN proper shipping name 6XOIXULF AFLG with not more than 51% Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Packing group II Environmental hazards Marine pollutant No. EmS F-A, S-B Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Transport in bulk according to Not available. Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code DOT

IATA; IMDG

15. Regulatory information US federal regulations This product is a "Hazardous Chemical" as defined by the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1200. All components are on the U.S. EPA TSCA Inventory List. TSCA Section 12(b) Export Notification (40 CFR 707, Subpt. D) Not regulated. CERCLA Hazardous Substance List (40 CFR 302.4) 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9)SARA Listed. 304 Emergency release notification 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) 1000 LBS OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) Hazard categories Immediate Hazard - Yes Delayed Hazard - No Fire Hazard - No Pressure Hazard - No Reactivity Hazard - Yes

Material name: Aqua Guard Pool Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-22-2014 75 8 / 10 SARA 302 Extremely hazardous substance Chemical name CAS number Reportable Threshold Threshold Threshold quantity planning quantity planning quantity, planning quantity, lower value upper value 6XOIXULF Acid 7664-93-9 1000 1000 lbs SARA 311/312 Hazardous No chemical SARA 313 (TRI reporting) Chemical name CAS number % by wt. 6XOIXULF Acid 7664-93-9 32 - 33 Other federal regulations Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) List Not regulated. Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112(r) Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR 68.130) 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) Safe Drinking Water Act Not regulated. (SDWA) Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). List 2, Essential Chemicals (21 CFR 1310.02(b) and 1310.04(f)(2) and Chemical Code Number 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) 6552 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). List 1 & 2 Exempt Chemical Mixtures (21 CFR 1310.12(c)) 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) 20 %WV DEA Exempt Chemical Mixtures Code Number 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) 6552 US state regulations US. California Controlled Substances. CA Department of Justice (California Health and Safety Code Section 11100) Not listed. US. Massachusetts RTK - Substance List 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) US. New Jersey Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) US. Pennsylvania Worker and Community Right-to-Know Law 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) US. Rhode Island RTK 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) US. California Proposition 65 California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65): This material is not known to contain any chemicals currently listed as carcinogens or reproductive toxins. US - California Proposition 65 - CRT: Listed date/Carcinogenic substance 6XOIXULF Acid (CAS 7664-93-9) Listed: March 14, 2003 International Inventories Country(s) or region Inventory name On inventory (yes/no)* Australia Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS) Yes Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL) Yes Canada Non-Domestic Substances List (NDSL) No China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances in China (IECSC) Yes Europe European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Yes Substances (EINECS) Europe European List of Notified Chemical Substances (ELINCS) No Japan Inventory of Existing and New Chemical Substances (ENCS) Yes Korea Existing Chemicals List (ECL) Yes New Zealand New Zealand Inventory Yes Philippines Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances Yes (PICCS)

Material name: Aqua Guard Pool Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-22-2014 76 9 / 10 Country(s) or region Inventory name On inventory (yes/no)* United States & Puerto Rico Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory Yes *A "Yes" indicates that all components of this product comply with the inventory requirements administered by the governing country(s) A "No" indicates that one or more components of the product are not listed or exempt from listing on the inventory administered by the governing country(s). 16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision Issue date 12-22-2014 Version # 01

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List of abbreviations ACGIH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists CAS: Chemical Abstract Services CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 CFR: Code of Federal Regulations CSA: Canadian Standards Association DOT: Department of Transportation DSL: Domestic Substance List HMIS: Hazardous Materials Identification System HPA: Hazardous Products Act HSDB® - Hazardous Substances Data Bank IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer IATA: International Air Transport Association IDLH: immediately dangerous to life or health IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods LC: Lethal Concentration LD: Lethal Dose NFPA: National Fire Protection Association NIOSH: National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health NTP: National Toxicology Program OECD: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development OEL: National occupational exposure limits OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration PPE: Personal Protective Equipment RTECS: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances SAR: supplied-air respirator SARA: Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act SCBA: self-contained breathing apparatus STEL: Short Term Exposure Limit TWA: Time Weighted Average Prepared by: ICC The Compliance Center Inc. 1-888-442-9628 http://www.thecompliancecenter.com

Disclaimer Disclaimer This Safety Data Sheet was prepared by ICC The Compliance Center Inc. using information provided by / obtained from Allied Universal Corporation and CCOHS’ Web Information Service. The information in the Safety Data Sheet is offered for your consideration and guidance when exposed to this product. ICC The Compliance Center Inc. and Allied Universal Corporation expressly disclaim all expressed or implied warranties and assume no responsibilities for the accuracy or completeness of the data contained herein. The data in this SDS does not apply to use with any other product or in any other process.

This Safety Data Sheet may not be changed, or altered in any way without the expressed knowledge and permission of ICC The Compliance Center Inc. and Allied Universal Corporation

Bibliography Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, CCInfoWeb Databases, 2014 (Chempendium, RTECs, HSDB, INCHEM) European Chemicals Agency, Classification Legislation, 2014. Material Safety Data Sheet from manufacturer. OECD - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances - eChemPortal, 2014. Material name: Aqua Guard Pool Acid SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 12-22-2014 77 10 / 10 SAFETY DATA SHEET

1. Identification Product identifier 6XOIXULF $FLG 93% Other means of identification 6'61XPEHU $8& Synonyms 6XOIXULF $FLG Solution * Oil of vitriol * Battery $FLG Recommended use :ater treatment and other industrial uses Recommended restrictions Professional Use Only Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufacturer Company name Allied Universal Corporation Address 3901 N.W. 115th Avenue Miami, FL 33178 United States Telephone General: 1-305-888-2623 24-Hour alert: 1-786-522-0207 Website www.allieduniversal.com E-mail Not available. Contact person Operations Department 1-800-424-9300 (US/Canada) Emergency phone number CHEMTREC +01 703-527-3887 (InternationaO

Supplier Refer to Manufacturer 2. Hazard(s) identification Physical hazards Corrosive to metals Category 1 Health hazards Acute toxicity, inhalation Category 2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Carcinogenicity Category 1A Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure Category 3 respiratory tract irritation Environmental hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. OSHA defined hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. Label elements

Signal word Danger Hazard statement May be corrosive to metals. May cause cancer. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Fatal if inhaled. May cause respiratory irritation. Precautionary statement Prevention Obtain special instructions before use. Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear respiratory protection. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. Keep only in original container. Do not breathe mist. Response IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. Specific treatment is urgent (see this label). IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a poison center/doctor. Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.

Material name: 6XOIXULF $FLG 93% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 11-11-2014 78 1 / 10 Storage Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. Store locked up. Store in corrosive resistant container with a resistant inner liner. Disposal Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Hazard(s) not otherwise No OSHA defined hazard classes. classified (HNOC) Other hazards which do not result in classification: Contact with most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts violently with water with evolution of heat. Reacts violently with a wide variety of organic and inorganic chemicals including alcohol, carbides, chlorates, picrates, nitrates and metals. In extreme cases, tooth erosion could result. Chronic skin contact with low concentrations may cause dermatitis. Supplemental information None. 3. Composition/information on ingredients Mixtures Chemical name Common name and synonyms CAS number % 6XOIXULF $FLG Hydrogen Sulphate 7664-93-9 93 - 98 Oil of Vitriol WATER Dihydrogen oxide 7732-18-5 Balance *Designates that a specific chemical identity and/or percentage of composition has been withheld as a trade secret. 4. First-aid measures Inhalation IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. If breathing is difficult, trained personnel should give oxygen. If breathing stops, provide artificial respiration. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Skin contact IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. Duration of rinsing should be at least 20 minutes. Cover wound with sterile dressing. Do not rub area of contact. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Leather and shoes that have been contaminated with the solution may need to be destroyed. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Eye contact IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water forseveral minutes. 'XUDWLRQRIULQVLQJVKRXOGEHDWOHDVW PLQXWHVRemove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Take carenot to rinse contaminated water into the unaffected eye or onto the face. Call a physician or poisoncontrol center immediately. Ingestion IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth. Never give anything by mouth to a victim who is unconscious or is having convulsions. Most important May be fatal if inhaled. Can cause severe respiratory irritation. Symptoms may include coughing, symptoms/effects, acute and choking and wheezing. Inhalation could result in pulmonary edema (fluid accumulation). delayed Symptoms of pulmonary edema (chest pain, shortness of breath) may be delayed. May result in unconsciousness and possibly death. Direct skin contact may cause corrosive skin burns, deep ulcerations and possibly permanent scarring. Corrosive to the eyes and may cause severe damage including blindness. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. May cause severe irritation and corrosive damage in the mouth, throat and stomach. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, burns, perforations, bleeding and eventually death. Indication of immediate Immediate medical attention is required. Causes chemical burns. May be fatal if inhaled. medical attention and special Symptoms may be delayed. treatment needed General information Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance. 5. Fire-fighting measures Suitable extinguishing media Use media suitable to the surrounding fire such as water fog or fine spray, alcohol foams, carbon dioxide and dry chemical. Use water with caution. Contact with water will generate considerable heat. Unsuitable extinguishing Use chemical extinguishing agents with caution. Some chemical extinguishing agents may react media with this material. Specific hazards arising from Not considered flammable. Vapors are heavier than air and may spread along floors. Contact with the chemical most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts violently with water with evolution of heat. Contact with combustible material may cause fire. Reacts violently with a wide variety of organic and inorganic chemicals including alcohol, carbides, chlorates, picrates, nitrates and metals. Toxic fumes, gases or YDSRUV may evolve on burning.

Material name: 6XOIXULF $FLG 93% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 11-11-2014 79 2 / 10 Special protective equipment Firefighters should wear proper protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus with and precautions for firefighters full face piece operated in positive pressure mode. A full-body chemical resistant suit should be worn. Fire fighting Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance. Firefighters must use standard equipment/instructions protective equipment including flame retardant coat, helmet with face shield, gloves, rubber boots, and in enclosed spaces, SCBA. Evacuate the area promptly. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Use water spray to cool unopened containers. Fight fire from upwind to avoid exposure to combustion products. Do not allow run-off from fire fighting to enter drains or water courses. Dike for water control. Specific methods Use standard firefighting procedures and consider the hazards of other involved materials. Hazardous combustion Toxic fumes, gases or YDSRUV may evolve on burning. SulIur oxides. products 6. Accidental release measures Personal precautions, Immediately evacuate personnel to safe areas. Keep unnecessary personnel away. Keep people protective equipment and away from and upwind of spill/leak. Wear appropriate protective equipment and clothing during emergency procedures clean-up. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. For personal protection, see section 8 of the SDS. Methods and materials for Ventilate the area. Remove sources of ignition. Stop leak if you can do so without risk. Absorb containment and cleaning up spillage to prevent material damage. Use a non-combustible material like vermiculite, sand or earth to soak up the product and place into a container for later disposal.

Small Spills: Contain and absorb spilled liquid with non-combustible, inert absorbent material (e.g. sand). Dilute $FLG with water and neutralize with Sodium Carbonate (soda ash) or lime. Clean surface thoroughly to remove residual contamination.

Never return spills to original containers for re-use. Contaminated absorbent material may pose the same hazards as the spilled product. For waste disposal, see section 13 of the SDS. Environmental precautions Avoid discharge into drains, water courses or onto the ground. Contact local authorities in case of spillage to drain/aquatic environment. 7. Handling and storage Precautions for safe handling Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear chemically resistant protective equipment during handling. Do not breathe mist. Do not taste or swallow. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Keep away from heat. Keep away from metals and other incompatibles. When preparing or diluting solution, always add to water, slowly and with stirring. When diluting, always add the product to water. Never add water to the product. Label containers appropriately. Wash thoroughly after handling. When using, do not eat, drink or smoke. Avoid release to the environment. Conditions for safe storage, Store in a cool, dry place out of direct sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. Store locked up. including any incompatibilities Storage area should be clearly identified, clear of obstruction and accessible only to trained and authorized personnel. Store away from incompatible materials (see Section 10 of the SDS). Store in original tightly closed container. Store in corrosive resistant container with a resistant inner liner. 8. Exposure controls/personal protection Occupational exposure limits US. OSHA Table Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants (29 CFR 1910.1000) Components Type Value

6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS PEL 1 mg/m3 7664-93-9) US. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Components Type Value Form

6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS TWA 0.2 mg/m3 Thoracic fraction. 7664-93-9) US. NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Components Type Value

6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS TWA 1 mg/m3 7664-93-9)

Material name: 6XOIXULF $FLG 93% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 11-11-2014 80 3 / 10 Biological limit values No biological exposure limits noted for the ingredient(s). Exposure guidelines The NIOSH IDLH concentration for 6XOIXULF $FLG is 15 mg/m3. The purpose of establishing an IDLH value is to ensure that the worker can escape from a given contaminated environment in the event of failure of the most protective respiratory protection equipment. In the event of failure of respiratory protection equipment every effort should be made to exit immediately. Appropriate engineering Good general ventilation (typically 10 air changes per hour) should be used. Ventilation rates controls should be matched to conditions. If applicable, use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to maintain airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If exposure limits have not been established, maintain airborne levels to an acceptable level. Eye wash facilities and emergency shower must be available when handling this product. Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Chemical goggles and face shield are recommended. Eye wash fountains are required. Skin protection Hand protection Wear appropriate chemical resistant gloves. Advice should be sought from glove suppliers. Other Where contact is likely, wear chemical-resistant gloves, a chemical suit, rubber boots, and chemical safety goggles plus a face shield. A chemical protective full-body encapsulating suit may be required in some operations. Eye wash facilities and emergency shower must be available when handling this product. Respiratory protection In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If respiratory protection is required, institute a complete respiratory protection program including selection, fit testing, training, maintenance and inspection. Respirators should be selected based on the form and concentration of contaminants in air, and in accordance with OSHA (29 CFR 1910.134). Seek advice from respiratory protection specialists. Thermal hazards Not applicable. General hygiene Do not breathe mist. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Upon completion of work, wash considerations hands before eating, drinking, smoking or use of toilet facilities. Remove soiled clothing and wash it thoroughly before reuse. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. 9. Physical and chemical properties Appearance Physical state Liquid. Form Oily liquid. Color ClearFolorless Odor Odorless. Odor threshold Not available. pH 1 (1% Solution) Melting point/freezing point - 40 to 30°F (- 40 to - 1°C) Initial boiling point and boiling 995 - 1086.8 °F (535 - 586 °C) range Flash point Not Applicable (Does not burn) Evaporation rate Not available. Flammability (solid, gas) Not applicable. Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits Flammability limit - lower Not Applicable (%) Flammability limit - upper Not Applicable (%) Explosive limit - lower (%) Not available. Explosive limit - upper (%) Not available. Vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg @ 77°F Vapor density Not available. Relative density Not available. Solubility(ies) Solubility (water) Soluble in all proportions. Solubility (other) Decomposes in Ethanol.

Material name: 6XOIXULF $FLG 93% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 11-11-2014 81 4 / 10 Partition coefficient Not available. (n-octanol/water) Auto-ignition temperature Not available. Decomposition temperature 644 °F (340 °C) Viscosity 13.6 mm²/s (100%) Viscosity temperature 77 °F (25 °C) Other information Chemical family Mineral $FLG. Explosive properties Not explosive. Molecular formula H2SO4 Molecular weight 98.08 Oxidizing properties No oxidizing properties. Percent volatile 0 % 77°F Specific gravity 1.84 Surface tension 49.6 dynes/cm at 30°C (100%) 10. Stability and reactivity Reactivity Reacts violently with water with evolution of heat. Contact with most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. May be corrosive to metals. May be corrosive to: $OXPLQXPEUDVVEURQ]HFDUERQVWHHO VWDLQOHVVVWHHOQLFNHOFRSSHUFDVWLURQ Chemical stability Material is stable under normal conditions. Decomposes at ~ 340°C to form sulphur trioxide. Possibility of hazardous Reacts violently with a wide variety of organic and inorganic chemicals including alcohol, carbides, reactions chlorates, picrates, nitrates and metals. Acetaldehyde and allyl chloride may polymerize violently in the presence of sulfuric DFLG. Hazardous gases, such as hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide and acetylene, are evolved on contact with chemicals such as cyanides, sulfides and carbides. Conditions to avoid Avoid high temperatures. Contact with incompatible materials. Do not use in areas without adequate ventilation. Incompatible materials Metals. Bases. Water. Strong oxidizing agents. Strong acids. Alcohols. Carbides. Picrates. Chlorates. Nitrates. Sulfides. Cyanides. Hazardous decomposition None known, refer to hazardous combustion products in Section 5. The following may be released products during a fire: SulIur oxides. 11. Toxicological information Information on likely routes of exposure Inhalation Fatal if inhaled. Skin contact Causes severe skin burns. Not expected to be absorbed through the skin. Eye contact Causes serious eye damage. Ingestion Causes digestive tract burns. Most important May be fatal if inhaled. Can cause severe respiratory irritation. Symptoms may include coughing, symptoms/effects, acute and choking and wheezing. Inhalation could result in pulmonary edema (fluid accumulation). delayed Symptoms of pulmonary edema (chest pain, shortness of breath) may be delayed. May result in unconsciousness and possibly death. Direct skin contact may cause corrosive skin burns, deep ulcerations and possibly permanent scarring. Corrosive to the eyes and may cause severe damage including blindness. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. May cause severe irritation and corrosive damage in the mouth, throat and stomach. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, burns, perforations, bleeding and eventually death. Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity Fatal if inhaled. The below product data is the calculated ATE values for this mixture. Individual ingredient component data appears below the product mixture ATE values. Product Species Test Results 6XOIXULF $FLG 93% (CAS Mixture) Acute Inhalation LC50 Rat 0.375 - 0.536 mg/l, 4 hours (mist)

Material name: 6XOIXULF $FLG 93% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 11-11-2014 82 5 / 10 Product Species Test Results Oral LD50 Rat 2140 - 3058 mg/kg Components Species Test Results 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) Acute Dermal Rabbit No Data in Literature Inhalation LC50 Rat 0.375 mg/l, 4 hours (mist) Oral LD50 Rat 2140 mg/kg WATER (CAS 7732-18-5) Acute Dermal LD50 Rabbit Not available. Inhalation LC50 Rat Not available. Oral LD50 Rat > 89840 mg/kg Skin corrosion/irritation Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Serious eye damage/eye Hazardous by OSHA criteria. irritation Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1. Causes serious eye damage. Respiratory or skin sensitization Respiratory sensitization Not expected to be a respiratory sensitizer. Skin sensitizer Causes skin burns. Germ cell mutagenicity Not expected to be mutagenic. Carcinogenicity Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Carcinogenicity - Category 1A. May cause cancer. This product may form mists. Occupational exposure to strong inorganic DFLG mists containing sulfuric DFLG is carcinogenic to humans. The information located is insufficient to conclude that sulfuric DFLG itself is a carcinogen. IARC has concluded there is sufficient evidence that occupational exposure to strong inorganic DFLG mists containing sulfuric DFLG is carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). ACGIH has designated strong inorganic DFLG mists containing sulfuric DFLG as A2 (suspected human carcinogen). US NTP has listed strong inorganic DFLG mists containing sulfuric DFLG as a known human carcinogen. These classifications are for inorganic DFLG mists containing sulfuric DFLG and does not apply to sulfuric DFLG or sulfuric DFLG solutions.

Ingredients are present on the following lists: IARC Monographs. Overall Evaluation of Carcinogenicity 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) 1 Carcinogenic to humans. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. US. National Toxicology Program (NTP) Report on Carcinogens 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) Known To Be Human Carcinogen. Reproductive toxicity This product is not expected to cause reproductive or developmental effects. Specific target organ toxicity - Hazardous by OSHA criteria. single exposure The substance or mixture is classified as specific target organ toxicant, single exposure, category 3 with respiratory tract irritation. May cause respiratory irritation. Specific target organ toxicity - Not classified as a specific target organ toxicity -repeated exposure. repeated exposure Aspiration toxicity Not expected to be an aspiration hazard. Chronic effects Chronic skin contact with low concentrations may cause dermatitis. In extreme cases, tooth erosion could result.

Material name: 6XOIXULF $FLG 93% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 11-11-2014 83 6 / 10 12. Ecological information Ecotoxicity Because of the low pH of this product, it would be expected to produce significant ecotoxicity upon exposure to aquatic organisms and aquatic systems. However, it may be neutralized by naturally occurring alkalinity in the environment. The ingredient ecotoxicity data appearing above is expected to be primarily associated with pH. Components Species Test Results 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) Aquatic Acute Algae EC50 Green Algae (Pseudokirchneriella > 100 mg/l, 72 hours subcapitata) Crustacea EC50 Water flea (Daphnia magna) 29 mg/l, 24 hours Fish LC50 Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) 16 - 28 mg/l, 96 hours Persistence and degradability Biodegradation is not applicable to inorganic substances. Bioaccumulative potential No accumulation in living organisms is expected due to high solubility and dissociation properties. Mobility in soil High water solubility indicates a high mobility in soil. Other adverse effects No other adverse environmental effects (e.g. ozone depletion, photochemical ozone creation potential, endocrine disruption, global warming potential) are expected from this component. 13. Disposal considerations Disposal instructions Collect and reclaim or dispose in sealed containers at licensed waste disposal site. Do not allow this material to drain into sewers/water supplies. Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Local disposal regulations Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Hazardous waste code The waste code should be assigned in discussion between the user, the producer and the waste disposal company. Waste from residues / unused Dispose of in accordance with local regulations. Empty containers or liners may retain some products product residues. This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe manner (see: Disposal instructions). Contaminated packaging Empty containers should be taken to an approved waste handling site for recycling or disposal. Since emptied containers may retain product residue, follow label warnings even after container is emptied. 14. Transport information DOT UN number UN18306XOIXULF $FLG UN proper shipping name Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Label(s) 8 Packing group II Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. US CERCLA Reportable Quantity (RQ): 1000 lbs / 454 kg Special provisions A3, A7, B3, B83, B84, IB2, N34, T8, TP2, TP12 Packaging exceptions 154 Packaging non bulk 202 Packaging bulk 242 IATA UN number UN18306XOIXULF $FLG UN proper shipping name Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Packing group II Environmental hazards No. ERG Code 8L

Material name: 6XOIXULF $FLG 93% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 11-11-2014 84 7 / 10 Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Refer to the appropriate Packing Instruction, prior to shipping this material. Review all State and Operator Variations, prior to shipping this material. Other information Passenger and cargo Allowed. aircraft Cargo aircraft only Allowed. IMDG UN number UN1830 UN proper shipping name 6XOIXULF $FLG Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Packing group II Environmental hazards Marine pollutant No. EmS F-A, S-B Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Transport in bulk according to This substance/mixture is not intended to be transported in bulk. Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code DOT

IATA; IMDG

Material name: 6XOIXULF $FLG 93% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 11-11-2014 85 8 / 10 Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) Hazard categories Immediate Hazard - Yes Delayed Hazard - Yes Fire Hazard - No Pressure Hazard - No Reactivity Hazard - Yes SARA 302 Extremely hazardous substance Chemical name CAS number Reportable Threshold Threshold Threshold quantity planning quantity planning quantity, planning quantity, lower value upper value 6XOIXULF $FLG 7664-93-9 1000 1000 lbs SARA 311/312 Hazardous No chemical SARA 313 (TRI reporting) Chemical name CAS number % by wt. 6XOIXULF $FLG 7664-93-9 93 - 98 Other federal regulations Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) List Not regulated. Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112(r) Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR 68.130) 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) Safe Drinking Water Act Not regulated. (SDWA) Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). List 2, Essential Chemicals (21 CFR 1310.02(b) and 1310.04(f)(2) and Chemical Code Number 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) 6552 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). List 1 & 2 Exempt Chemical Mixtures (21 CFR 1310.12(c)) 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) 20 %WV DEA Exempt Chemical Mixtures Code Number 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) 6552 US state regulations US. California Controlled Substances. CA Department of Justice (California Health and Safety Code Section 11100) Not listed. US. Massachusetts RTK - Substance List 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) US. New Jersey Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) US. Pennsylvania Worker and Community Right-to-Know Law 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) US. Rhode Island RTK 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) US. California Proposition 65 California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65): This material is not known to contain any chemicals currently listed as carcinogens or reproductive toxins. US - California Proposition 65 - CRT: Listed date/Carcinogenic substance 6XOIXULF $FLG (CAS 7664-93-9) Listed: March 14, 2003 International Inventories Country(s) or region Inventory name On inventory (yes/no)* Australia Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS) Yes Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL) Yes Canada Non-Domestic Substances List (NDSL) No China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances in China (IECSC) Yes Europe European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Yes Substances (EINECS) Europe European List of Notified Chemical Substances (ELINCS) No Japan Inventory of Existing and New Chemical Substances (ENCS) Yes

Material name: 6XOIXULF $FLG 93% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 11-11-2014 86 9 / 10 Country(s) or region Inventory name On inventory (yes/no)* Korea Existing Chemicals List (ECL) Yes New Zealand New Zealand Inventory Yes Philippines Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances Yes (PICCS) United States & Puerto Rico Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory Yes *A "Yes" indicates that all components of this product comply with the inventory requirements administered by the governing country(s) A "No" indicates that one or more components of the product are not listed or exempt from listing on the inventory administered by the governing country(s). 16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision Issue date 11-11-2014 Version # 01 +0,65DWLQJ + ) 5 1)3$5DWLQJ + ) , 2WKHU1R:DWHU

ACGIH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists List of abbreviations CAS: Chemical Abstract Services CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 CFR: Code of Federal Regulations CSA: Canadian Standards Association DOT: Department of Transportation DSL: Domestic Substance List HMIS: Hazardous Materials Identification System HPA: Hazardous Products Act HSDB® - Hazardous Substances Data Bank IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer IATA: International Air Transport Association IDLH: immediately dangerous to life or health IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods LC: Lethal Concentration LD: Lethal Dose NFPA: National Fire Protection Association NIOSH: National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health NTP: National Toxicology Program OECD: Organi]ation for Economic Co operation and Development OEL: National occupational exposure limits OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration PPE: Personal Protective Equipment RTECS: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances SAR: supplied-air respirator SARA: Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act SCBA: self-contained breathing apparatus STEL: Short Term Exposure Limit TWA: Time Weighted Average Prepared by: ICC The Compliance Center Inc. 1-888-442-9628 http://www.thecompliancecenter.com Disclaimer Disclaimer This Safety Data Sheet was prepared by ICC The Compliance Center Inc. using information provided by / obtained from Allied Universal Corporation and CCOHS’ Web Information Service. The information in the Safety Data Sheet is offered for your consideration and guidance when exposed to this product. ICC The Compliance Center Inc. and Allied Universal Corporation expressly disclaim all expressed or implied warranties and assume no responsibilities for the accuracy or completeness of the data contained herein. The data in this SDS does not apply to use with any other product or in any other process. This Safety Data Sheet may not be changed, or altered in any way without the expressed knowledge and permission of ICC The Compliance Center Inc. and Allied Universal Corporation

Material name: 6XOIXULF $FLG 93% SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 11-11-2014 87 10 / 10 SAFETY DATA SHEET

1. Identification Product identifier 6XOIXU Dioxide Other means of identification SDS number AUC-009 Synonyms Sulfur oxide * Sulfurous acid anhydride * Sulfur oxide * 6XOSKXU dioxide Recommended use Synthetic/Analytical chemistry Recommended restrictions None known. Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufacturer Company name Allied Universal Corporation Address 3901 N.W. 115th Avenue Miami, FL 33178 United States Telephone General: 1-305-888-2623 24-Hour alert: 1-786-522-0207 Website www.allieduniversal.com E-mail Not available. Contact person Operations Department Emergency phone number CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300 (US/Canada) +01 703-527-3887 (InternationaO Supplier Refer to Manufacturer 2. Hazard(s) identification Physical hazards Gases under pressure Liquefied gas Health hazards Acute toxicity, inhalation Category 3 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Germ cell mutagenicity Category 2 Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure Category 3 respiratory tract irritation Environmental hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. OSHA defined hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. Label elements

Signal word Danger Hazard statement Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Toxic if inhaled. May cause respiratory irritation. Suspected of causing genetic defects. Precautionary statement Prevention Obtain special instructions before use. Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. Do not breathe gas. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. Response IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Specific treatment (see this label). Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.

Material name: 6XOIXU Dioxide SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date:03-15-2015 88 1 / 10 Storage Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. Store locked up. Protect from sunlight. Disposal Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Hazard(s) not otherwise No OSHA defined hazard classes. Other hazards which do not result in classification: classified (HNOC) Toxic fumes, gases or vapours may evolve on burning. Severe, short-term exposures may cause long-lasting respiratory effects, e.g. Reactive Airways Dysfunction (RADS), due to the material's severe irritating properties. Contact with liquefied gas might cause frostbites, in some cases with tissue damage. Direct contact with liquefied gas may cause frostbite and corrosive injury to the eyes. Supplemental information Keep away from heat. Make sure valves on gas cylinders are fully opened when gas is used. Open cylinder valve slowly to prevent rapid decompression and damage to valve seat. Use smallest possible amounts in designated areas with adequate ventilation. Shut flow off at cylinder valve and not just at the regulator after use. Use a suitable hand truck to move cylinders; do not drag, roll, slide, or drop. Secure cylinders in an upright position at all times, close all valves when not in use. Establish written emergency plan and special training where chlorine is used. Regularly inspect and test piping and containers used for 6XOIXU dioxide service. 3. Composition/information on ingredients Substances Chemical name Common name and synonyms CAS number % 6XOIXU dioxide Sulfur oxide 7446-09-5 100 Sulfurous acid anhydride Sulfur oxide 6XOIXU dioxide

4. First-aid measures Inhalation IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. If breathing is difficult, trained personnel should give oxygen. If breathing stops, provide artificial respiration. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Skin contact IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. Do not rub area of contact. Gently remove clothing or jewelry. Carefully cut around clothing that sticks to the skin. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Discard any shoes or clothing items that cannot be decontaminated. Eye contact IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Take care not to rinse contaminated water into the unaffected eye or onto the face. Do not rub eyes. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Ingestion Not an expected route of entry under normal conditions of use. If ingestion of a large amount does occur, call a poison control center immediately. Do not induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to a victim who is unconscious or is having convulsions. Most important Toxic if inhaled. symptoms/effects, acute and Suspected of causing genetic defects. May cause severe irritation to the nose, throat, and delayed respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing, choking and wheezing. Could also cause tightness in the chest, a blue discolouration of the skin (cyanosis), severe headache, nausea, vomiting and fainting. Inhalation could result in pulmonary edema (fluid accumulation). Symptoms of pulmonary edema (chest pain, shortness of breath) may be delayed. May result in unconsciousness and possibly death. Severe, short-term exposures may cause long-lasting respiratory effects, e.g. Reactive Airways Dysfunction (RADS), due to the material's severe irritating properties. With this condition, asthma-like symptoms and increased reactivity of the airways is experienced. Direct skin contact may cause corrosive skin burns, deep ulcerations and possibly permanent scarring. If product is sprayed directly on skin, symptoms of frostbite may be experienced including numbness, prickling and itching. Corrosive to the eyes and may cause severe damage including blindness. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. If product is sprayed directly into the eyes, could cause freezing of the eye. Indication of immediate Toxic if inhaled. Immediate medical attention is required. Causes chemical burns. Symptoms may medical attention and special be delayed. Keep victim under observation. Medical supervision for minimum 48 hours. Provide treatment needed general supportive measures and treat symptomatically. General information Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

Material name: 6XOIXU Dioxide SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date:03-15-2015 89 2 / 10 5. Fire-fighting measures Suitable extinguishing media Use media suitable to the surrounding fire such as water fog or fine spray, alcohol foams, carbon dioxide and dry chemical. Unsuitable extinguishing Do not use water jet as an extinguisher, as this will spread the fire. media Specific hazards arising from Pressurized container may explode when exposed to heat or flame. Vapors are heavier than air the chemical and may spread along floors. Contact with some powdered metals and with alkali metals, such as sodium or potassium may cause fires and explosions. Heat from a surrounding fire can rupture cylinders, causing a dangerous explosion and the release of toxic sulfur dioxide gas. Cylinders have fusible metal plugs, which melt at 73.9 deg C (165 deg F), releasing sulfur dioxide. Special protective equipment Firefighters should wear full protective clothing including self contained breathing apparatus. and precautions for firefighters Firefighters must use standard protective equipment including flame retardant coat, helmet with face shield, gloves, rubber boots, and in enclosed spaces, SCBA. Fire fighting Move containers from fire area if you can do so without risk. Stop the flow of gas before equipment/instructions extinguishing fire, if safe to do so. Use water spray to direct escaping gas away from workers if it is necessary to stop the flow of gas. Cool containers exposed to heat with water spray and remove container, if no risk is involved. Stay away from ends of cylinders and withdraw immediately in case of rising sounds or discolouration of containers. Do not allow run-off from fire fighting to enter drains or water courses. Dike for water control. Specific methods Use standard firefighting procedures and consider the hazards of other involved materials. General fire hazards Pressurized container may explode when exposed to heat or flame. The product itself does not burn. Hazardous combustion 6XOIXU oxides. products 6. Accidental release measures Personal precautions, Restrict access to area until completion of clean-up. Keep unnecessary personnel away. Keep protective equipment and people away from and upwind of spill/leak. Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 500 emergency procedures meters (1/3 mile). Ensure clean-up is conducted by trained personnel only. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Eliminate all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks, or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Wear appropriate protective equipment and clothing during clean-up. For personal protection, see section 8 of the SDS. Methods and materials for Stop the flow of material, if this is without risk. containment and cleaning up Environmental precautions Avoid release to the environment. Prevent entry into waterways, sewer, basements or confined areas. Contact local authorities in case of spillage to drain/aquatic environment. 7. Handling and storage Precautions for safe handling Obtain special instructions before use. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. See Section 8 of the SDS for Personal Protective Equipment. Do not breathe gas. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep away from heat. Keep reduction valves free from grease and oil. Use smallest possible amounts in designated areas with adequate ventilation. Shut flow off at cylinder valve and not just at the regulator after use. Use a suitable hand truck to move cylinders; do not drag, roll, slide, or drop. Protect against physical damage. Wash hands after handling and before eating. Conditions for safe storage, Store in steel pressure cylinders in a cool, dry area outdoors or in well-ventilated, detached or including any incompatibilities segregated areas of non-combustible construction. Keep container tightly closed. Store locked up. Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. Storage area should be clearly identified, clear of obstruction and accessible only to trained and authorized personnel. Store away from incompatible materials (see Section 10 of the SDS). Secure cylinders in an upright position at all times, close all valves when not in use. Use a "first in - first out" inventory system to prevent full cylinders from being stored for excessive periods of time. 8. Exposure controls/personal protection Occupational exposure limits US. OSHA Table Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants (29 CFR 1910.1000) Material Type Value

6XOIXU dioxide (CAS PEL 13 mg/m3 7446-09-5) 5 ppm

Material name: 6XOIXU Dioxide SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date:03-15-2015 90 3 / 10 US. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Material Type Value

6XOIXU dioxide (CAS STEL 0.25 ppm 7446-09-5) US. NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Material Type Value

6XOIXU dioxide (CAS STEL 13 mg/m3 7446-09-5) 5 ppm TWA 5 mg/m3 2 ppm Biological limit values No biological exposure limits noted for the ingredient(s). Exposure guidelines The NIOSH IDLH concentration for 6XOIXUGLR[LGH is 10 ppm. Appropriate engineering Ensure adequate ventilation, especially in confined areas. Good general ventilation (typically 10 air controls changes per hour) should be used. Ventilation rates should be matched to conditions. If applicable, use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to maintain airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If exposure limits have not been established, maintain airborne levels to an acceptable level. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Wear eye/face protection. Chemical goggles are recommended. A full face shield may also be necessary. Eye wash fountains are required. Skin protection Hand protection Wear appropriate chemical-resistant gloves. Advice should be sought from glove suppliers. Other Wear appropriate chemical-resistant clothing. Where contact is likely, wear chemical-resistant gloves, a chemical suit and rubber boots. Eye wash facilities and emergency shower must be available when handling this product. Respiratory protection A NIOSH/MSHA approved air-purifying respirator with the appropriate chemical cartridges or a positive-pressure, air-supplied respirator may be used to reduce exposure. Respirators should be selected based on the form and concentration of contaminants in air, and in accordance with OSHA (29 CFR 1910.134). Advice should be sought from respiratory protection specialists. Thermal hazards Wear appropriate thermal protective clothing, when necessary. General hygiene Do not breathe gas. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Handle in accordance with good considerations industrial hygiene and safety practice. Do not eat, drink or smoke when using the product. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product. Remove soiled clothing and wash it thoroughly before reuse. Inform laundry personnel of contaminant's hazards. 9. Physical and chemical properties Appearance Physical state Gas. Form Compressed liquefied gas. Color Colorless Odor Pungent suffocating odor Odor threshold Not available. pH Not available. Melting point/freezing point -97.6 °F (-72 °C) Initial boiling point and boiling 14 °F (-10 °C) range Flash point Does not burn Evaporation rate Not available. Flammability (solid, gas) The product is not flammable. Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits Flammability limit - lower Not applicable (%)

Material name: 6XOIXU Dioxide SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date:03-15-2015 91 4 / 10 Flammability limit - upper Not applicable (%) Explosive limit - lower (%) Not available. Explosive limit - upper (%) Not available. Vapor pressure 34 psig Vapor density 2.25 at 0°C Relative density Not available. Solubility(ies) Solubility (water) Soluble Partition coefficient Not available. (n-octanol/water) Auto-ignition temperature Not applicable Decomposition temperature Not available. Viscosity Not available. Other information Critical temperature 314.33 °F (156.85 °C) Density 0.17 lb/ft 3 Explosive properties Not explosive. Molecular formula SO2 Molecular weight 64.06 g/mol Oxidizing properties None known. Specific gravity 0.17 lb/ft3 10. Stability and reactivity Reactivity The product is stable and non-reactive under normal conditions of use, storage and transport. Forms sulfurous acid solution on reaction with water. In some cases, sulfur dioxide behaves as both a reducing and oxidizing agent (metals such as tin, iron and magnesium burn in sulfur dioxide to form mixed sulfides and oxides). Chemical stability Material is stable under normal conditions. Possibility of hazardous Hazardous polymerization does not occur. reactions Forms sulfurous acid solution on reaction with water. Conditions to avoid Keep away from combustible materials. Avoid contact with incompatible materials. Keep away from heat. Keep away from direct sunlight. Do not use in areas without adequate ventilation. Exposure to water vapor. Incompatible materials Chlorates. Metal Oxides. Potassium. Sodium. Fluorine. Halogens. Acetylides. Bases. Hazardous decomposition None known, refer to hazardous combustion products in Section 5. products 11. Toxicological information Information on likely routes of exposure Inhalation Toxic if inhaled. May cause severe irritation to the nose, throat, and respiratory tract. Skin contact Causes skin burns. Contact with liquefied gas might cause frostbites, in some cases with tissue damage. Not expected to be absorbed through the skin. Eye contact Causes severe eye burns. If product is sprayed directly into the eyes, could cause freezing of the eye. Ingestion Not an expected route of entry under normal conditions of use.

Material name: 6XOIXU Dioxide SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date:03-15-2015 92 5 / 10 Most important Toxic if inhaled. symptoms/effects, acute and Suspected of causing genetic defects. May cause severe irritation to the nose, throat, and delayed respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing, choking and wheezing. Could also cause tightness in the chest, a blue discolouration of the skin (cyanosis), severe headache, nausea, vomiting and fainting. Inhalation could result in pulmonary edema (fluid accumulation). Symptoms of pulmonary edema (chest pain, shortness of breath) may be delayed. May result in unconsciousness and possibly death. Severe, short-term exposures may cause long-lasting respiratory effects, e.g. Reactive Airways Dysfunction (RADS), due to the material's severe irritating properties. With this condition, asthma-like symptoms and increased reactivity of the airways is experienced. Direct skin contact may cause corrosive skin burns, deep ulcerations and possibly permanent scarring. If product is sprayed directly on skin, symptoms of frostbite may be experienced including numbness, prickling and itching. Corrosive to the eyes and may cause severe damage including blindness. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. If product is sprayed directly into the eyes, could cause freezing of the eye. Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Acute Toxicity (inhalation - gas) - Category 3. Toxic if inhaled.

Product Species Test Results 6XOIXU dioxide (CAS 7446-09-5) Acute Dermal No Data in Literature Inhalation LC50 Rat 1260 ppm, 4 hours Oral No Data in Literature Skin corrosion/irritation Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Classification: Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1 Causes severe skin burns. Serious eye damage/eye Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Classification: irritation Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1 Causes serious eye damage. Respiratory or skin sensitization Respiratory sensitization This product is not expected to cause respiratory sensitization. May cause asthma-like reaction in hyper-sensitive persons. Skin sensitizer This product is not expected to cause skin sensitization. Germ cell mutagenicity Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Classification: Germ cell mutagenicity - Category 2 Suspected of causing genetic defects. Carcinogenicity This product is not considered to be a carcinogen by IARC, ACGIH, NTP, or OSHA. See below for ingredients present on regulatory lists. IARC Monographs. Overall Evaluation of Carcinogenicity 6XOIXU dioxide (CAS 7446-09-5) 3 Not classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Reproductive toxicity This product is not expected to cause reproductive or developmental effects. Specific target organ toxicity - Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Classification: single exposure Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT), Single Exposure. Category 3. May cause respiratory irritation. Specific target organ toxicity - Not expected to be hazardous by OSHA criteria. repeated exposure Aspiration toxicity Not expected to be an aspiration hazard. Chronic effects Prolonged or repeated inhalation of fumes or vapours, may cause chronic lung effects, such as bronchitis. 12. Ecological information Ecotoxicity The product is not classified as environmentally hazardous. However, this does not exclude the possibility that large or frequent spills can have a harmful or damaging effect on the environment. Persistence and degradability Biodegradation is not applicable to inorganic substances.

Material name: 6XOIXU Dioxide SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date:03-15-2015 93 6 / 10 Bioaccumulative potential Not expected to be bio accumulative. Mobility in soil High water solubility indicates a high mobility in soil. Other adverse effects No other adverse environmental effects (e.g. ozone depletion, photochemical ozone creation potential, endocrine disruption, global warming potential) are expected from this component. 13. Disposal considerations Disposal instructions Collect and reclaim or dispose in sealed containers at licensed waste disposal site. Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Local disposal regulations Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Hazardous waste code The waste code should be assigned in discussion between the user, the producer and the waste disposal company. Waste from residues / unused Dispose of in accordance with local regulations. Empty containers or liners may retain some products product residues. This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe manner (see: Disposal instructions). Contaminated packaging Empty containers should be taken to an approved waste handling site for recycling or disposal. Since emptied containers may retain product residue, follow label warnings even after container is emptied. 14. Transport information DOT UN number UN1079 UN proper shipping name Sulfur dioxide ( RQ = 500) Transport hazard class(es) Class 2.3 Subsidiary risk 8 Label(s) 2.3, 8 Packing group Not applicable. Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. US CERCLA Reportable Quantity (RQ): 10 lbs / 4.54 kg Special provisions 3, B14, T50, TP19 Packaging exceptions None Packaging non bulk 304 Packaging bulk 314, 315 IATA UN number UN1079 UN proper shipping name 6XOIXU dioxide Transport hazard class(es) Class 2.3 Subsidiary risk 8 Packing group Not applicable. Environmental hazards No. ERG Code 2CP Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Refer to Special Provision A2 for shipping information. Other information Passenger and cargo Forbidden aircraft Cargo aircraft only Forbidden IMDG UN number UN1079 UN proper shipping name 6XOIXU DLR[LGH Transport hazard class(es) Class 2.3 Subsidiary risk 8 Packing group Not applicable. Environmental hazards Marine pollutant No. EmS F-C, S-U Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling.

Material name: 6XOIXU Dioxide SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date:03-15-2015 94 7 / 10 Transport in bulk according to Not available. Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code DOT

IATA; IMDG

General information 1RQH

15. Regulatory information US federal regulations This product is a "Hazardous Chemical" as defined by the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1200. All components are on the U.S. EPA TSCA Inventory List. TSCA Section 12(b) Export Notification (40 CFR 707, Subpt. D) Not regulated. CERCLA Hazardous Substance List (40 CFR 302.4) Not listed. SARA 304 Emergency release notification 6XOIXU dioxide (CAS 7446-09-5) 500 LBS OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) Hazard categories Immediate Hazard - Yes Delayed Hazard - Yes Fire Hazard - No Pressure Hazard - Yes Reactivity Hazard - No SARA 302 Extremely hazardous substance Chemical name CAS number Reportable Threshold Threshold Threshold quantity planning quantity planning quantity, planning quantity, lower value upper value 6XOIXU dioxide 7446-09-5 500 500 lbs SARA 311/312 Hazardous Yes chemical SARA 313 (TRI reporting) Not regulated.

Other federal regulations Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) List Not regulated.

Material name: 6XOIXU Dioxide SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date:03-15-2015 95 8 / 10 Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112(r) Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR 68.130) 6XOIXU dioxide (CAS 7446-09-5) Safe Drinking Water Act Not regulated.

US state regulations US. California Controlled Substances. CA Department of Justice (California Health and Safety Code Section 11100) Not listed. US. Massachusetts RTK - Substance List 6XOIXU dioxide (CAS 7446-09-5) US. New Jersey Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act 6XOIXU dioxide (CAS 7446-09-5) US. Pennsylvania Worker and Community Right-to-Know Law 6XOIXU dioxide (CAS 7446-09-5) US. Rhode Island RTK 6XOIXU dioxide (CAS 7446-09-5) US. California Proposition 65 California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65): This material is not known to contain any chemicals currently listed as carcinogens or reproductive toxins. US - California Proposition 65 - CRT: Listed date/Developmental toxin 6XOIXU dioxide (CAS 7446-09-5) Listed: July 29, 2011 International Inventories Country(s) or region Inventory name On inventory (yes/no)* Australia Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS) Yes Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL) Yes Canada Non-Domestic Substances List (NDSL) No China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances in China (IECSC) Yes Europe European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Yes Substances (EINECS) Europe European List of Notified Chemical Substances (ELINCS) No Japan Inventory of Existing and New Chemical Substances (ENCS) Yes Korea Existing Chemicals List (ECL) Yes New Zealand New Zealand Inventory Yes Philippines Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances Yes (PICCS) United States & Puerto Rico Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory Yes *A "Yes" indicates that all components of this product comply with the inventory requirements administered by the governing country(s) A "No" indicates that one or more components of the product are not listed or exempt from listing on the inventory administered by the governing country(s). 16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision Issue date 03-15-2015 Version # 01 List of abbreviations ACGIH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists CAS: Chemical Abstract Services CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 CFR: Code of Federal Regulations DOT: Department of Transportation EPA: Environmental Protection Agency EPCRA: Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act ERG: Emergency Response Guidebook HSDB® - Hazardous Substances Data Bank IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer IATA: International Air Transport Association IBC: Intermediate Bulk Container IDLH: immediately dangerous to life or health IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods

Material name: 6XOIXU Dioxide SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 03-15-2015 96 9 / 10 LC: Lethal Concentration LD: Lethal Dose NIOSH: National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health NOEC: No observable effect concentration NTP: National Toxicology Program OECD: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development OEL: National occupational exposure limits OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration PEL: Permissible exposure limit RCRA: Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RQ: Reportable Quantity RTECS: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances SAR: supplied-air respirator SCBA: self-contained breathing apparatus SDS: Safety Data Sheet STEL: Short Term Exposure Limit TWA: Time Weighted Average UN: United Nations Disclaimer Prepared by: ICC The Compliance Center Inc. 1-888-442-9628 http://www.thecompliancecenter.com

This Safety Data Sheet may not be changed, or altered in any way without the expressed knowledge and permission of ICC The Compliance Center Inc. and Allied Universal Corporation Bibliography ACGIH Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices (2014) Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, CCInfoWeb Databases, 2014 (Chempendium, RTECs, HSDB, INCHEM) International Agency for Research on Cancer Monographs (2014) Material Safety Data Sheet from manufacturer. OECD - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances - eChemPortal, 2014.

Material name: 6XOIXU Dioxide SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 03-15-2015 97 10 / 10 SAFETY DATA SHEET

1. Identification Product identifier Sodium Bisulfite Solution Other means of identification SDS number AUC-007 Synonyms Aqua Guard Sodium Bisulfite Solution 38% * Aqua Guard Sodium Bisulfite Solution 25% * Aqua Guard Sodium Bisulfite * Sodium Bisulfite * Bisulfite Recommended use Used for dechlorination, oxygen scavenger, chrome reduction, hydrogen peroxide reduction, photographs, beverages & food. Recommended restrictions None known. Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufacturer Company name Allied Universal Corporation Address 3901 N.W. 115th Avenue Miami, FL 33178 United States Telephone General: 1-305-888-2623 24-Hour alert: 1-786-522-0207 Website www.allieduniversal.com E-mail Not available. Contact person Operations Department Emergency phone number CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300 (US/Canada) +01 703-527-3887 (InternationaO Supplier Refer to Manufacturer 2. Hazard(s) identification Physical hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. Health hazards Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1C Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Sensitization, skin Category 1 Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure Category 3 narcotic effects Environmental hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. OSHA defined hazards This mixture does not meet the classification criteria according to OSHA HazCom 2012. Label elements

Signal word Danger Hazard statement Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. May cause an allergic skin reaction. Causes serious eye damage. May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Precautionary statement Prevention Do not breathe mist or vapor. Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Contaminated work clothing must not be allowed out of the workplace. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. Response Specific treatment (see this label). If swallowed: Rinse mouth.Do NOT induce vomiting. If on skin (or hair):Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a poison center/doctor. Storage Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. Store locked up.

Material name: Sodium Bisulfite Solution SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-26-2015 98 1 / 9 Disposal Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Hazard(s) not otherwise No OSHA defined hazard classes. OSHA defined hazard class: classified (HNOC) May be corrosive to metals. Contact with most metals will generate flammable hydrogen gas. May be harmful if swallowed. May cause respiratory irritation. Ingestion may cause gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Supplemental information None. 3. Composition/information on ingredients Mixtures Chemical name Common name and synonyms CAS number % Sodium Bisulfite Sodium hydrogen sulfite 7631-90-5 10-40 Sodium hydrosulfite Other components below reportable levels 60-90 *Designates that a specific chemical identity and/or percentage of composition has been withheld as a trade secret. 4. First-aid measures Inhalation IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If breathing stops, provide artificial respiration. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Skin contact IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. Duration of rinsing should be at least 20 minutes. If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Eye contact IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Duration of rinsing should be at least 20 minutes. ,PPHGLDWHO\ FDOOD32,621&(17(5RUGRFWRUSK\VLFLDQ Ingestion IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to a victim who is unconscious or is having convulsions. Most important May cause allergic skin reaction. May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Symptoms may include pain, symptoms/effects, acute and headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness and other central nervous system effects. delayed Causes serious eye damage. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. Causes severe skin irritation. Symptoms may include redness, edema, drying, defatting and cracking of the skin. May cause respiratory irritation. Symptoms may include upper respiratory irritation, coughing, and breathing difficulties. Indication of immediate Immediate medical attention is required. Could cause skin burns and eye damage. Provide medical attention and special general supportive measures and treat symptomatically. This product is a CNS depressant. treatment needed General information Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. 5. Fire-fighting measures Suitable extinguishing media Water fog. Foam. Dry chemical powder. Carbon dioxide (CO2). Unsuitable extinguishing Do not use water jet as an extinguisher, as this will spread the fire. media Specific hazards arising from Toxic fumes, gases or vapors may evolve on burning. the chemical Special protective equipment Firefighters must use standard protective equipment including flame retardant coat, helmet with and precautions for firefighters face shield, gloves, rubber boots, and in enclosed spaces, SCBA. Fire fighting Evacuate area and fight fire from a safe distance. Move containers from fire area if you can do so equipment/instructions without risk. Do not allow run-off from fire fighting to enter drains or water courses. Dike for water control. Specific methods Use standard firefighting procedures and consider the hazards of other involved materials. General fire hazards Not considered flammable. Hazardous combustion Sulfur oxides (SOx). Sulfur dioxide. products 6. Accidental release measures Personal precautions, Keep unnecessary personnel away. Wear appropriate protective equipment and clothing during protective equipment and clean-up. Do not breathe mist or vapor. Local authorities should be advised if significant spillages emergency procedures cannot be contained. For personal protection, see section 8 of the SDS.

Material name: Sodium Bisulfite Solution SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-26-2015 99 2 / 9 Methods and materials for Eliminate all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks, or flames in immediate area). Ventilate containment and cleaning up the contaminated area. Stop leak if you can do so without risk. Dike the spilled material, where this is possible. Absorb spill with vermiculite or other inert material. Pick up and transfer to properly labeled containers. For waste disposal, see section 13 of the SDS. Environmental precautions Avoid discharge into drains, water courses or onto the ground. 7. Handling and storage Precautions for safe handling Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Avoid breathing mist or vapor. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Label containers appropriately. Keep containers closed when not in use. Contaminated work clothing must not be allowed out of the workplace. Keep away from incompatibles, refer to section 10. Avoid release to the environment. Wash hands after handling and before eating. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. Persons with recurrent skin eczema or sensitization problems should be excluded from working with this product. Once a person is sensitized, no further exposure to the material that caused the sensitization should be permitted.

Conditions for safe storage, Store locked up. Keep container tightly closed. Store away from incompatible materials (see including any incompatibilities Section 10 of the SDS). Store in a cool, dry place out of direct sunlight. Storage area should be clearly identified, clear of obstruction and accessible only to trained and authorized personnel. 8. Exposure controls/personal protection Occupational exposure limits US. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Material Type Value

Sodium Bisulfite Solution TWA 5 mg/m3 Components Type Value Sodium Bisulfite (CAS TWA 5 mg/m3 7631-90-5) US. NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Material Type Value

Sodium Bisulfite Solution TWA 5 mg/m3 Components Type Value Sodium Bisulfite (CAS TWA 5 mg/m3 7631-90-5) Biological limit values No biological exposure limits noted for the ingredient(s). Appropriate engineering Good general ventilation (typically 10 air changes per hour) should be used. Ventilation rates controls should be matched to conditions. If applicable, use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to maintain airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If exposure limits have not been established, maintain airborne levels to an acceptable level. Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Wear safety glasses with side shields (or goggles) and a face shield. Provide an emergency eye wash fountain and quick drench shower in the immediate work area. Skin protection Hand protection Wear appropriate chemical-resistant gloves. Advice should be sought from glove suppliers. Other Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection. Respiratory protection In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. Use a NIOSH approved respirator if there is a risk of exposure at levels exceeding the exposure limits. Respirators should be selected based on the form and concentration of contaminants in air, and in accordance with OSHA (29 CFR 1910.134). Seek advice from respiratory protection specialists. Thermal hazards Wear appropriate thermal protective clothing, when necessary. General hygiene Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. considerations 9. Physical and chemical properties Appearance Physical state Liquid. Form Liquid. Color Straw colored.

Material name: Sodium Bisulfite Solution SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-26-2015 100 3 / 9 Odor Pungent, sulfer-like odor. Odor threshold Not available. pH Not available. Melting point/freezing point > 17.96 °F (> -7.8 °C) Initial boiling point and boiling Decomposes range Flash point Does not burn Evaporation rate Not available. Flammability (solid, gas) Not applicable. Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits Flammability limit - lower Not applicable. (%) Flammability limit - upper Not applicable. (%) Explosive limit - lower (%) Not available. Explosive limit - upper (%) Not available. Vapor pressure 9 mm Hg Vapor density Not available. Relative density Not available. Solubility(ies) Solubility (water) Soluble Partition coefficient Not available. (n-octanol/water) Auto-ignition temperature Not applicable. Decomposition temperature 219.2 °F (104 °C) Viscosity Not available. Other information Density 1.33 g/cm3 (for a 38% solution)JFP IRUDVROXWLRQ Explosive properties Not explosive. Molecular formula H2-O3-S.Na Molecular weight 104.06 g/mol Oxidizing properties No oxidizing properties. pH in aqueous solution 4.1 - 4.6 Specific gravity 1.33 (for a 38% solution) IRUDVROXWLRQ 10. Stability and reactivity Reactivity The product is stable and non-reactive under normal conditions of use, storage and transport. Chemical stability Material is stable under normal conditions. Decomposes on heating. Possibility of hazardous Hazardous polymerization does not occur. No dangerous reaction known under conditions of reactions normal use. Conditions to avoid Contact with incompatible materials. Exposure to air. Keep away from heat, sparks and open flame. Elevated temperatures. Keep away from direct sunlight. Do not use in areas without adequate ventilation. Incompatible materials Strong oxidizing agents. Strong acids. Metals. Hazardous decomposition None known, refer to hazardous combustion products in Section 5. products 11. Toxicological information Information on likely routes of exposure Inhalation Inhalation of dusts may cause respiratory irritation. May cause central nervous system effects. Skin contact Causes severe skin irritation. May cause an allergic skin reaction. Eye contact Causes serious eye damage. Ingestion Ingestion may cause gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

Material name: Sodium Bisulfite Solution SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-26-2015 101 4 / 9 Most important May cause allergic skin reaction. May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Symptoms may include pain, symptoms/effects, acute and headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness and other central nervous system effects. delayed Causes serious eye damage. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. Causes severe skin irritation. Symptoms may include redness, edema, drying, defatting and cracking of the skin. May cause respiratory irritation. Symptoms may include upper respiratory irritation, coughing, and breathing difficulties. Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity The below product data is the calculated ATE values for this mixture. Individual ingredient component data appears below the product mixture ATE values. Product Species Test Results Sodium Bisulfite Solution Acute Oral Rat 3736.85 mg/kg (Calculated ATE) Components Species Test Results Sodium Bisulfite (CAS 7631-90-5) Acute Dermal Rabbit No Data in Literature Inhalation Rat No Data in Literature Oral Rat 1420 mg/kg

* Estimates for product may be based on additional component data not shown. Skin corrosion/irritation Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Serious eye damage/eye Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1 irritation Causes serious eye damage. Respiratory or skin sensitization Respiratory sensitization Not hazardous by OSHA criteria. May cause asthma-like reaction in hyper-sensitive persons. Skin sensitizer Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Skin Sensitization - Category 1. May cause an allergic skin reaction. Germ cell mutagenicity No data available to indicate product or any components present at greater than 0.1% are mutagenic or genotoxic. Carcinogenicity This product is not considered to be a carcinogen by IARC, ACGIH, NTP, or OSHA. IARC Monographs. Overall Evaluation of Carcinogenicity Sodium Bisulfite (CAS 7631-90-5) 3 Not classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Reproductive toxicity This product is not expected to cause reproductive or developmental effects. Specific target organ toxicity - Hazardous by OSHA criteria. Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT), Single Exposure: Category 3 single exposure . May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Specific target organ toxicity - Not classified as a specific target organ toxicity -repeated exposure. repeated exposure Aspiration toxicity Not expected to be an aspiration hazard. Chronic effects Prolonged inhalation may be harmful. None known or reported by the manufacturer. 12. Ecological information Ecotoxicity The product is not classified as environmentally hazardous. However, this does not exclude the possibility that large or frequent spills can have a harmful or damaging effect on the environment.

Material name: Sodium Bisulfite Solution SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-26-2015 102 5 / 9 Components Species Test Results Sodium Bisulfite (CAS 7631-90-5) Aquatic Fish LC50 Western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) 240 mg/l, 96 hours

* Estimates for product may be based on additional component data not shown. Persistence and degradability Product is non-biodegradable, since it is an inorganic mineral product. Bioaccumulative potential No data available. Mobility in soil High water solubility indicates a high mobility in soil. Other adverse effects No other adverse environmental effects (e.g. ozone depletion, photochemical ozone creation potential, endocrine disruption, global warming potential) are expected from this component. 13. Disposal considerations Disposal instructions Collect and reclaim or dispose in sealed containers at licensed waste disposal site. Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Local disposal regulations Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Hazardous waste code The waste code should be assigned in discussion between the user, the producer and the waste disposal company. Waste from residues / unused Dispose of in accordance with local regulations. Empty containers or liners may retain some products product residues. This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe manner (see: Disposal instructions). Contaminated packaging Empty containers should be taken to an approved waste handling site for recycling or disposal. Since emptied containers may retain product residue, follow label warnings even after container is emptied. 14. Transport information DOT UN number UN2693 UN proper shipping name Bisulfites, aqueous solutions, n.o.s. (Sodium Bisulfite RQ = 5000) Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Label(s) 8 Packing group III Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Special provisions IB3, T7, TP1, TP28 Packaging exceptions 154 Packaging non bulk 203 Packaging bulk 241 IATA UN number UN2693 UN proper shipping name %LVXOILWHV, aqueous solution, n.o.s. (Sodium Bisulfite) Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk - Packing group III Environmental hazards No. ERG Code 8L Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Other information Passenger and cargo Allowed. aircraft Cargo aircraft only Allowed. IMDG UN number UN2693 UN proper shipping name %LVXOILWHVDTXHRXVVROXWLRQQRV (Sodium Bisulfite) Transport hazard class(es) Class 8 Subsidiary risk -

Material name: Sodium Bisulfite Solution SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-26-2015 103 6 / 9 Packing group III Environmental hazards Marine pollutant No. EmS F-A, S-B Special precautions for user Read safety instructions, SDS and emergency procedures before handling. Transport in bulk according to Not established. Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code DOT

IATA; IMDG

15. Regulatory information US federal regulations This product is a "Hazardous Chemical" as defined by the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1200. All components are on the U.S. EPA TSCA Inventory List. TSCA Section 12(b) Export Notification (40 CFR 707, Subpt. D) Not regulated. CERCLA Hazardous Substance List (40 CFR 302.4) Sodium Bisulfite (CAS 7631-90-5) Listed. SARA 304 Emergency release notification Not regulated. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) Hazard categories Immediate Hazard - Yes Delayed Hazard - No Fire Hazard - No Pressure Hazard - No Reactivity Hazard - No SARA 302 Extremely hazardous substance Not listed. SARA 311/312 Hazardous No chemical SARA 313 (TRI reporting) Not regulated.

Other federal regulations Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) List Not regulated.

Material name: Sodium Bisulfite Solution SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-26-2015 104 7 / 9 Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112(r) Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR 68.130) Not regulated. Clean Water Act (CWA) Hazardous substance Section 112(r) (40 CFR 68.130) Safe Drinking Water Act Not regulated. (SDWA) US state regulations US. California Controlled Substances. CA Department of Justice (California Health and Safety Code Section 11100) Not listed. US. Massachusetts RTK - Substance List Sodium Bisulfite (CAS 7631-90-5) US. New Jersey Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act Sodium Bisulfite (CAS 7631-90-5) US. Pennsylvania Worker and Community Right-to-Know Law Sodium Bisulfite (CAS 7631-90-5) US. Rhode Island RTK Sodium Bisulfite (CAS 7631-90-5) US. California Proposition 65 California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65): This material is not known to contain any chemicals currently listed as carcinogens or reproductive toxins. International Inventories Country(s) or region Inventory name On inventory (yes/no)* Australia Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS) Yes Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL) Yes Canada Non-Domestic Substances List (NDSL) No China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances in China (IECSC) Yes Europe European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Yes Substances (EINECS) Europe European List of Notified Chemical Substances (ELINCS) No Japan Inventory of Existing and New Chemical Substances (ENCS) Yes Korea Existing Chemicals List (ECL) Yes New Zealand New Zealand Inventory Yes Philippines Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances Yes (PICCS) United States & Puerto Rico Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory Yes *A "Yes" indicates that all components of this product comply with the inventory requirements administered by the governing country(s) A "No" indicates that one or more components of the product are not listed or exempt from listing on the inventory administered by the governing country(s). 16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision Issue date 01-26-2015 Version # 01

+ ) 5 +0,6 1)3$ + ) 5

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Material name: Sodium Bisulfite Solution SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-26-2015 105 8 / 9 /LVWRIDEEUHYLDWLRQV ACGIH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists CAS: Chemical Abstract Services CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act DOT: Department of Transportation EC: Effective Concentration HMIS: Hazardous Materials Identification System HSDB: Hazardous Substances Data Bank IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer IATA: International Air Transport Association IBC Code: International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organisation IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods LC: Lethal Concentration LD: Lethal Dose MARPOL: Marine Pollution NFPA: National Fire Protection Association NIOSH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NOEC: No Observable EffectConcentration NTP: National Toxicology Program OECD: Organi]ation for Economic Cooperation and Development OEL: National Occupational Exposure Limits OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration PPE: Personal Protective Equipment RCRA: Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RQ: Reportable Quantity RTECS: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances RTK: Right to Know SARA: Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act SDS: Safety Data Sheet STEL: Short Term Exposure Limit TSCA: Toxic Substances Control Act TWA: Time Weighted Average VOC: Volatile Organic Compounds WEL: Workplace Exposure Limit

Prepared by: ICC The Compliance Center Inc. 1-888-442-9628 http://www.thecompliancecenter.com Disclaimer Disclaimer This Safety Data Sheet was prepared by ICC The Compliance Center Inc. using information provided by / obtained from Allied Universal Corporation and CCOHS’ Web Information Service. The information in the Safety Data Sheet is offered for your consideration and guidance when exposed to this product. ICC The Compliance Center Inc. and Allied Universal Corporation expressly disclaim all expressed or implied warranties and assume no responsibilities for the accuracy or completeness of the data contained herein. The data in this SDS does not apply to use with any other product or in any other process.

This Safety Data Sheet may not be changed, or altered in any way without the expressed knowledge and permission of ICC The Compliance Center Inc. and Allied Universal Corporation Allied Universal cannot anticipate all conditions under which this information and its product, or the products of other manufacturers in combination with its product, may be used. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure safe conditions for handling, storage and disposal of the product, and to assume liability for loss, injury, damage or expense due to improper use. The information in the sheet was written based on the best knowledge and experience currently available. Bibliography Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, CCInfoWeb Databases, 2014 (Chempendium, RTECs, HSDB, INCHEM) European Chemicals Agency, Classification Legislation, 2014. Material Safety Data Sheet from manufacturer. OECD - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances - eChemPortal, 2014.

Material name: Sodium Bisulfite Solution SDS US $8& Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-26-2015 106 9 / 9 107 108

MEMORANDUM

To: David A. Hey, Jr., AICP

From: Amber K. Dickerson, AICP Department Manager, Planning & Siting

Date: May 30, 2017

Re: City of Tampa Comprehensive Plan Amendment TPA/CPA 17-06 5105 West Tyson Avenue (131227.0000)

Amendment TPA/CPA 17-06 would convert an 11.93 acre parcel from Heavy Industrial (HI) to Urban Mixed Use 60 (UMU-60). Up to seven hundred and fifteen (715) dwelling units could potentially be developed on the site. Based on adopted Student Generation Rates the amendment could potentially generate ninety-one (91) students in the kindergarten through 5th grade level, forty-six (46) students at the 6th through 8th grade level, and forty-seven (47) students at the high school level. Per the Department of Education’s Capital Outlay Full Time Equivalent (COFTE) projections, all of the impacted schools are projected to have capacity in the next 5 years with the exception of the high school. However, an addition at Robinson High School will increase the capacity by 285, which is planned to open for the 2018-19 school year. Local data including actual enrollment and approved preliminary plats indicate that the elementary and high school levels will be over capacity. The amendment area will be served by Anderson Elementary School, Madison Middle School, and Robinson High School. The capacity and projected enrollments at the three schools are as follows:

Students Reserved generated 2016-17 2020-21 2020-21 FISH for by 2016-17 Available Projected Available School Capacity concurrency amendment Enrollment Capacity Enrollment Capacity Anderson Elementary 468 107 91 401 -40 391 77 Madison Middle 952 157 46 644 151 733 219 Robinson High 1599 60 47 1668 -129 1796 -187

This is a capacity review, and is not a concurrency determination. A concurrency review will take place prior the preliminary plat or site plan approval.

109

MEMORANDUM

Date: June 5, 2017

To: LaChone Dock, Urban Planner III, Planning and Development Department

Through: Brian D. Pickard, P.E., Chief Planning Engineer, Water Department

From: Brett E. Warner, Planning Engineer II, Water Department

Subject: CPA 17-06 Water Department Response

The City of Tampa Water Department (TWD) has reviewed the subject Comprehensive Plan Amendment request.

The associated property is within the TWD service area and can be supplied with potable water from TWD’s permitted source and / or Tampa Bay Water.

Should the property owner require new water service or a revision to existing water service the owner will be responsible for all applicable costs and fees for such service including but not limited to installing new infrastructure and / or upsizing existing infrastructure as necessary to comply with TWD standards. Additionally the owner may be required to provide easements and / or grassed areas (free of structures, overhangs, walls, fencing, foundations, paving, above and / or below ground utilities, dumpsters, retention ponds, trees, excessive vegetation, hardscaping, etc.) for water utility infrastructure. The specific footprint needs, fees and / or costs are determined upon the owner applying for water service and depend on the owner’s specific needs identified in the application. Please encourage property owners to contact TWD’s planning section as early as possible during site plan preparation to ensure sufficient footprint is allocated for these needs. Fire hydrant flow data is available by contacting Fran D’Antoni at fran.d’[email protected].

The property is currently fronted by a 12” DIP potable water main. The owner may be required to pay for the upgrade of this potable water main to meet anticipated demands.

Downtown and South Tampa CIAC fees will apply to the subject property.

Please do not hesitate to contact me at [email protected] should you have any questions or concerns.

110 Comprehensive Plan Amendment Request TA/CPA 17-06

Transportation Information

Number Adopted Current Pedestrian Bicycle Road Name From - To of Lanes LOS LOS LOS LOS Standard W. Tyson Westshore 2LU NA NA NA NA Ave. Blvd. to dead end Westshore Bay Ave. to 2LU D C D D Blvd. Gandy Blvd.

Transportation Analysis – Existing

The site is West Tyson Avenue There are no sidewalks or bicycle facilities on West Tyson Avenue

HART provides bus service in this area.

Transportation Analysis – Future Proposed

The current 2040 Long Range Transportation Plan Needs Assessment identifies the extension of Tyson Street from Westshore Blvd. to Manhattan Blvd. as new 2 Lane facility. The current 5 year Transportation Improvement Program includes the 2-lane extension of the Selmon Expressway from the existing terminus to the Gandy Bridge. The HART Transit Development Plan identifies continued transit service in this area.

Special Area Analysis

This area is identified in the MPO’s Demographic Analysis for Environmental Justice Purposes as an area having a high density of minority populations. Residents in these areas tend to be more reliant on cycling, walking, and transit (when available) for their travel purposes – whether to work, school, shopping, and appointments.

111

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112 Attachment C

Photos

Looking northwest toward the subject site from Tyson Avenue.

Looking northeast from Tyson Avenue. The subject site is located out of frame to the left.

113

Looking west down Tyson Avenue. The subject site is located to the right (north) of the railroad tracks.

Looking northeast across the subject site from Tyson Avenue.

114

Looking north from Tyson Avenue. The subject site is located just out of the frame to the right (east).

Looking northwest from Tyson Avenue toward the nearby Chemical Formulators facility.

115

Looking east down Tyson Avenue. The subject site is located near the center of the photo to the left (north) of the railroad tracks.

Looking south from Tyson Avenue toward the Hulu Bay Club. Hulu Bay Club located southwest of the subject site.

116 Attachment D

Basis of Review

Adopting and Amending Plan The Tampa City Council shall have the power to adopt and amend the Tampa Comprehensive Plan in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 97-351, Laws of Florida, as amended; Chapter 163, Florida Statutes; and the provisions of this section.

The Local Planning Agency may submit to the Tampa City Council proposals for amending the Tampa Comprehensive Plan. Citizens owning or having a substantial interest in property may submit to the Local Planning Agency proposals for amending the Tampa Comprehensive Plan. The Tampa City Council shall review any such proposal for the purpose of assessing its appropriateness in light of the Goal, Objectives, and Policies of the Tampa Comprehensive Plan, and after receiving recommendations from The Planning Commission and Tampa City Administration, shall provide final interpretation of the Tampa Comprehensive Plan and take action.

All citizens, whether they are directly or indirectly affected shall be given an opportunity to contribute to the planning and policy-making process through public meetings and hearings. However, all questions of standing shall be reviewed pursuant to relevant law.

Amendment to the Adopted Tampa Comprehensive Plan Amendment of any aspect of the comprehensive plan represents a major policy decision by the Tampa City Council. An amendment of the Future Land Use Map, in particular, is a declaration that growth and development pattern initially sought by the City in a particular location, through thoughtful adoption of the comprehensive plan, is no longer appropriate. A significant change in circumstances affecting the suitability of property in a particular area for the kind of development intended by the Tampa Comprehensive Plan, which was not contemplated at the time the comprehensive plan was adopted, may justify a reconsideration of the land use category into which that area has been placed on the map. Future Land Use Map changes not functionally related to the overall purposes expressed in the Map and policies contained herein could seriously undermine the integrity of the Map and other provisions of the comprehensive plan itself. Amendments therefore should not occur with the same frequency as parcel rezoning amendments; and their effect upon the entire Comprehensive Plan, including the practical consequences of the policy shift signified by the amendment shall be considered. It is a stated public purpose that growth and change in neighborhoods must be managed so that the quality of life in this part of the city form is maintained or enhanced. The plan amendment process is one tool that will be used to achieve this.

Assessing a Proposed Amendment In assessing the merits of a Plan amendment, the Local Planning Agency and the Tampa City Council shall consider the policy implications the amendment would have on the Future Land Use Map in the general area of the affected property and the development pattern and growth policies currently being pursued there. In order that the Tampa City Council may be able to fully assess the consequences of approving the proposed change, the Local Planning Agency’s report to the City Council shall include:

117  An assessment of the consistency of the proposed change with other portions and features of the Plan, and  Recommendations for whatever further amendment would be advisable in conjunction with the proper amendment, and  An analysis of infrastructure requirements for service necessitated and the benefits generated by the proposed amendment, and/or  A finding, if applicable, based on information currently available, that an error or mistake had been made in the original land use designation shown on the Future Land Use Map.

If a development proposal is not supported by the Goals, Objectives, and Policies within the Plan, serious consideration should be given to making modifications to the proposal, or the following criteria should be used to determine if a Comprehensive Plan Amendment would be justified.

 the character of the adjacent neighborhood;  the zoning and uses of nearby properties;  the suitability of the property for the uses allowed under the current zoning designation;  the type and extent of positive or detrimental impact that may affect adjacent properties, or the community at large, if the request is approved; the impact of the proposal on public utilities and facilities;  the length of time that the subject and adjacent properties have been utilized for their current uses;  the benefits of the proposal to the public health, safety, and welfare compared to the effect on the applicant if the request is not approved;  comparison between the existing Future Land Use Plan Map and the proposed change regarding the relative conformance to the goal and policies; and  consideration of professional staff recommendations.

In the case of more comprehensive proposals (such as a capital improvements program, or a subarea plan/study), a more extensive evaluation may be required to identify potential revisions to the proposal or to the Plan. The report should include an evaluation which includes the following:

 description of the proposal;  identification of Sections of the Comprehensive Plan that would be affected by the proposal;  evaluation of the effects of the proposal on the Comprehensive Plan, by Section. If the proposal supports the Plan, the evaluation should also indicate; but if it conflicts with the Plan, the nature and extent of the conflict should be identified; and  identification of adjustments to the Plan or the proposals that would reduce any noted conflicts or negative impacts. If adjustments to the Plan are proposed, they should be undertaken and adopted per the Comprehensive Plan Amendment process before final action is taken on the comprehensive proposal.

118 Review Criteria for Plan Amendment Requests In considering a plan amendment, City Council shall review the following criteria:

 The requested land use category meets the intent of the general character description of the City Form component in which it is being requested and is otherwise consistent with the Comprehensive Plan.  In approving any request for a land use category that provides for an increase in density, intensity or for a broader range of uses, than the existing land use category, City Council shall take into consideration and determine if::  a land use category of similar density or intensity is located on at least one (1) side of the subject site, and  the subject site is within 1320’ (1/4 mile) of a designated transit stop or designated transit emphasis corridor, and  the subject parcel is located adjacent to a parcel which has a land use classification of R-6 or R-10, the subject site is located within 660’ (1/8 mile) of a designated transit stop or designated transit emphasis corridor.  In the event that City Council determines that the above criteria are not met, then City Council may have cause to deny the amendment. If City Council makes a determination that the existing land use classification is no longer in the best interests of the public, it may approve the amendment or direct the local planning agency to propose an alternative amendment to the existing land use classification.  If a land use is changed based on this criteria, the property owner shall process through a site plan district and, if provided for in the City’s land development regulations, shall meet the “Development Performance Incentive Criteria,” unless the development is within an approved Community Planning Area/Adopted Form Based Code Area, in which case a site plan zoning may not be required, as provided for in the specific plan in the land development regulations.

119

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120 Attachment E

Application

121

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122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 David Hey

From: Kevin Mineer, AICP Sent: Wednesday, October 25, 2017 3:07 PM To: David Hey Cc: Isabelle Albert; Wells, Cate Subject: Sajet Tyson hurricane shelter capacity and need CPA-17-06 Attachments: Executive_Summary hurrican shelter assessment.pdf

Good afternoon, David

A few months back you had voiced concern regarding flooding and hurricane shelter space capacity/future needs relative to changing our parcel on Tyson from an non‐residential use to a residential use. I was able to do some research and determined 1) We are not in the velocity zone – see map below) and 2) TBRPC completed a study that says no deficit in Hillsborough county (page 12 and table provided below).

That report is attached. Hillsborough does not have a deficit. We have 56,737 spaces.

1 151 Florida Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program Technical Data Report

Volume 1-8 Executive Summary

Tampa Bay Region

Includes Hurricane Evacuation Study

152 Statewide Regional Evacuation Studies Program Volume I-8 Tampa Bay

CREDITS & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funding was authorized by the Florida Legislature through House Bill 7121, as a result of the 2004 and 2005 hurricane seasons. Provisions of this bill require the Division of Emergency Management to update all Regional Evacuation Studies in the State and inexorably tied the Evacuation Studies and Growth Management. As a result, this study addresses both Emergency Management and Growth Management data needs. Funds were also provided by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) with all money administered through the Florida Division of Emergency Management (FDEM), 2555 Shumard Oak Blvd., Tallahassee, 32399. Web site: www.floridadisaster.org. Local in-kind match was provided by the Hillsborough, Manatee, Pasco and Pinellas counties.

The Council acknowledges and extends its appreciation to the following agencies and people for their cooperation and assistance in the development of this document:

Regional Planning Council Staff; Federal Emergency Management Agency; NOAA; Florida Division of Emergency Management; Department of Community Affairs – Division of Community Planning; Florida Emergency Preparedness Association; Kerr & Downs Research; Dr. Earl Jay Baker - Hazards Management Group; Sarasota-Manatee MPO; Pasco County MPO; Pinellas County MPO; Hillsborough County MPO; Florida Department of Transportation; Wilbur Smith and Associates; National Weather Service – Ruskin Office; and the counties of Hillsborough, Manatee, Pasco and Pinellas.

Florida Division of Emergency Management County Emergency Management Agencies David Halstead, Director Larry Gispert, Director, Hillsborough County Sandy Meyer, Hurricane Program Manager Emergency Management Richard Butgereit, GIS Manager Jim Martin, Director, Pasco County Emergency Management Northeast Florida Regional Council Sally Bishop, Director, Pinellas County Emergency Jeffrey Alexander, Statewide Program Manager Management Laurie Feagans, Director, Manatee County Emergency Management

Acknowledgements Volume I: Technical Data Report

153 Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This Executive Summary is provided to state and local governments, volunteer organizations, the media and interested residents to highlight the results of the Statewide Regional Evacuation Study for the Tampa Bay Region (SRES) and to quantify and to illustrate the challenges of evacuation response in the Tampa Bay Region.

A. DEMOGRAPHIC AND LAND USE ANALYSIS

Located on the west coast of Florida, the Tampa Bay region is approximately 2,817 square miles (land area) with an additional 818 square miles of water area and is favored with nearly 700 miles of shoreline (including inlets) and 900 miles of coastline.

The region consists of four counties: Hillsborough, Manatee, Pasco and Pinellas counties including 39 municipalities. It is bounded on west by the Gulf of Mexico, on the north by Hernando County, to the east by Polk and Hardee Counties and to the south by Sarasota County. Hillsborough County has the 4th largest population in the state. Pinellas County is the most densely populated county in Florida. Most of the population lives relatively near the coast of the Gulf of Mexico or Tampa Bay. Pasco County’s growth is occurring in the central portion of the county as residents move into the area from Hillsborough County. Similarly, new growth in Manatee County has concentrated in large scale developments in the center portion of the county adjacent to I-75.

An explosive growth rate had been experienced fueled by people seeking the combination of ample, quality land opportunities and consistent sun that the Tampa Bay region has to offer. All four counties in the region had consistently experienced increases in density (persons per square mile) since 1970. This trend has slowed since 2007 with the economic downturn and, for the first time, the region experienced a decrease in population in 20091

Chapter I provides a demographic profile of the region and the counties themselves. Specific socio-economic characteristics that may have an impact on evacuation vulnerability, response and mass care were identified using Census data including recent American Community Survey data.

1 2009 Florida Estimates of Population, BEBR

Executive Summary Page 1 154 Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay Statewide Regional Evacuation Study

Information includes:

• Overall Population • Group Quarters Population • Housing Units by Type • Occupied Housing Units (Households) • Household Size • Seasonal Dwelling Units • Vehicles per Household • Age Composition • Race / Ethnicity • Place of Birth and Citizenship • Linguistic Isolation • Labor Force • Poverty Status • Small Area Dwelling Unit and Population Data (TAZ)

The Tampa Bay Region Future Land Use Map is presented on Map I-3. There are 11 categories identified which represent a consolidation of land use categories identified in the (45) local government comprehensive plans in the region (See Table I-17).

RL Residential Lo (higher than AG < 1DU) RH Residential High (more than RM and > 12DU) RM Residential Medium (more than RL, < 13DU) CONS Conservation, natural and protected PUB Public/Semi-Public, government, institutional AG Agriculture - rural land, farms (< 0.5DU) REC Recreation/Open Space COM Commercial, office, tourism, marina MU Mixed Use, activity centers, urban village WAT Water bodies IND Industrial, extractive, transportation

B. REGIONAL HAZARDS ANALYSIS

The Hazards Analyses is the first step in the development of the regional evacuation study. The Hazards Analysis identifies type, extent and probability of those hazards which may confront our region and necessitate a regional evacuation. The Statewide Regional Evacuation Study took an “all-hazards” approach to this evacuation study. The hazards which could necessitate an evacuation at a regional level were identified as (1) tropical storms and hurricanes, (2) flooding, (3) hazardous materials and (4) wildfire.

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1. Tropical Storms and Hurricanes Risks from tropical storms and hurricanes include storm surge, high winds, tornadoes and inland flooding. Storm surge, considered the most deadly hazard, was quantified using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) numerical storm surge model, SLOSH2. The SLOSH modeling system consists of the model source code and model basin or grid. SLOSH model grids must be developed for each specific geographic coastal area individually incorporating the unique local bay and river configuration, water depths, bridges, roads and other physical features. In addition to open coastline heights, one of the most valuable outputs of the SLOSH model for evacuation planning is its predictions of surge heights over land which predicts the degree of propagation of the surge into inland areas.

SLOSH provides the maximum amount of surge expected at approximately 3500 points in the region considering different parameters of 12,000 hypothetical storms (strength, track, size and forward speed) and the topography and the bathymetry of the Tampa Bay basin.

The newest generation of the SLOSH model basin incorporated in the 2010 Statewide Regional Evacuation Study reflects major improvements, including higher resolution basin data and grid configurations. Faster computer speeds allowed additional hypothetical storms to be run for creation of the MOMs (maximum potential storm surge) values for each category of storm. Storm tracks were run in ten different directions. And for each set of tracks in a specific direction storms were run at forward speeds of 5, 10, 15 and 25 mph. And, for each direction, at each speed, storms were run at two different sizes (20 statute mile radius of maximum winds and 35 statute miles radius of maximum winds.) Finally, each scenario was run at both mean tide and high tide. Both tide levels are now referenced to North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) as opposed to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD29).

SLOSH and SLOSH related products reference storm surge heights relative to the model vertical datum, in this case NAVD88. In order to determine the inundation depth of surge flooding at a particular location the ground elevation at that location must be subtracted from the potential surge height. As part of the

2SLOSH stands for Sea, Lake and Overland Surges from Hurricanes

Executive Summary Page 3 156 Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Statewide Regional Evacuation Study, all coastal areas as well as areas surrounding Lake Okeechobee were mapped using remote-sensing laser terrain mapping (LIDAR3) providing the most comprehensive, accurate and precise topographic data for this analysis. As a general rule, the vertical accuracy of the laser mapping is within a 15 centimeter tolerance.

The LIDAR data was incorporated into the SLOSH basin data and used to subtract the land elevation from the storm surge height to develop the storm tide limits. The result of this storm surge hazard analysis is graphically portrayed in the Storm Tide Atlas which illustrates the storm tide limits based on the maximum storm surge for landfalling categories 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. The Atlas maps and GIS files are available online at www.tbrpc.org.

While all residents would be susceptible to some extent from the affects of hurricane-force winds, mobile home residents are far more vulnerable than residents in site-built homes. Mobile home and RV Park data was updated using information from the State of Florida Department of Health, property appraiser data and county planning departments. This was augmented by the census data particularly in Hillsborough, Manatee and Pasco counties where there is a significant number of mobile home residents who live outside of designated mobile home parks.

Tornadoes are another hazard of tropical storm activity. Because it is impossible to identify where a tornado imbedded in the hurricane wind bands will strike, evacuation does not consider tornado activity, per se. It is recognized, however, that mobile home residents are much more vulnerable to this severe weather event. Therefore, with the evacuation of mobile homes for hurricane winds, it is anticipated that severe injury will also be reduced from any tornado activity. In addition, the public information campaign will include a recommendation that tornado safe rooms (see www.fema.gov) be considered by residents.

While inland flooding had not been considered to be life-threatening in the past, it had, over the last twenty years, become a leading cause of hurricane-related deaths until Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The 100-year flood zone, as designated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), is identified and addressed separately under the Flooding Hazard.

While in Florida counties do not typically evacuate for inland flooding for a hurricane, it is recognized that this may become a major problem during a

3 Light Imaging Detection and Ranging

Page 4 Executive Summary 157 Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay hurricane evacuation, after a tropical storm passes or after prolonged rainfall. Evacuation routes within the flood zone are identified in an effort to find alternative routes, if necessary. Public information will stress that after the storm (1) residents do NOT attempt to drive on flooded roadways and (2) children are NOT permitted to swim or play in flood waters.

2. Flooding

Both coastal and inland flooding are addressed through FEMA’s NFIP. The 100- year and 500-year floodplain was identified within the region to illustrate the regional and county-level vulnerability to the flood hazard. In addition, communities with repetitive loss properties were identified by building type to provide an overall assessment of the risk. The areas’ risk, historical frequency and estimated population at risk were identified in the hazards and vulnerability analyses. Also identified were dams which could pose a risk to the population which lives below them.

3. Wildfires and the Urban Interface

Florida is home to millions of residents who enjoy the state's beautiful scenery and warm climate. But few people realize that these qualities also create severe wildfire conditions. Each year, thousands of acres of wildland and many homes are destroyed by fires that can erupt at any time of the year from a variety of causes, including arson, lightning and debris burning. Adding to the fire hazard is the growing number of people living in new communities built in areas that were once wildland. This growth places even greater pressure on the state's wildland firefighters. As a result of this growth, fire protection becomes everyone's responsibility (Florida Division of Emergency Management, 2008.

http://www.floridadisaster.org/ bpr/EMTOOLS/wildfire/wildfire.htm )

A wildfire is any fire occurring in the wildlands (i.e., grasslands, forest, brushland, etc). Wildfires have burned across the woodlands of Florida for centuries and are part of the natural management of much of Florida’s ecosystems. (Statewide Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2009) The risk of potential wildfire to the region’s population was identified using the data provided by the Florida Division of Forestry (FlamMap) and the population living in the high/very high risk areas was estimated.

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4. Hazardous Materials

A hazardous material is generally considered as any item or agent (biological, chemical, physical) which has the potential to cause harm to humans, animals or the environment, either by itself or through interaction with other factors. Almost every community deals with hazardous materials on a daily basis through transport, use, storage and/or disposal. The benefits Chemicals bring into our lives through their designed uses have become vital to our standard of living. Although major chemical emergencies are extremely rare, there always remains a chance that one will occur. In the State of Florida, the county emergency management agencies plan for hazardous material incidents and coordinate regionally for response through the Local Emergency Planning Committees (LEPCs). While the facilities with extremely hazardous materials were identified, the evacuation planning for incidents involving hazardous materials is addressed in the Regional Hazardous Material Emergency Response Plan.

No specific emergency sequence can be isolated as the model for which to plan because each emergency could have different consequences, both in nature and degree. As an alternative to defining a specified emergency, the regional plan identifies various parameters for planning which are based upon knowledge of the possible consequences, timing, and release characteristics of a spectrum of emergencies. The Regional Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Plan then establishes the appropriate response for each level of threat. Therefore, the Statewide Regional Evacuation Study did not specifically address hazardous material incidents.

C. VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS & POPULATION-AT-RISK

Depending upon the strength of the storm, the regional evacuation study calls for the complete evacuation of successively more surge-vulnerable zones inland in addition to all mobile home residents. Using information from the Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) and the local planning commissions/departments, the population, dwelling unit counts and vehicle data for each zone was developed (see Chapter IV, Regional Vulnerability and Population Analysis). County/ Regional population-at-risk for the years 2010 and 2015 are presented in Tables ES-1 and ES-2 below.

Page 6 Executive Summary 159 Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay Table ES-1 Population-at-Risk from Hurricanes by Evacuation Level, 2010 Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Zone A Zone B Zone C Zone D Zone E Hillsborough County Site-built Homes 81,698 106,164 59,233 65,805 66,996 Mobile/Manuf. Homes 3,677 2,599 1,883 3,065 3,989 TOTAL 85,375 108,763 61,116 68,870 70,985 Manatee County Site-built Homes 39,227 23,434 28,902 60,097 85,350 Mobile/Manuf. Homes 3,270 2,668 2,043 4,577 4,735 TOTAL 42,497 26,102 30,945 64,674 90,085 Pasco County Site-built Homes 40,286 47,938 62,409 29,734 21,788 Mobile/Manuf. Homes 4,636 4,462 5,301 3,737 2,452 TOTAL 44,922 52,400 67,710 33,471 24,240 Pinellas County Site-built Homes 153,436 130,087 124,181 94,025 51,953 Mobile/Manuf. Homes 2,789 6,407 8,335 8,814 1,561 TOTAL 156,225 136,494 132,516 102,839 53,514 Note: Vulnerable population determined using SRESP behavioral data and county provided evacuation zones. Vulnerable population numbers are not inclusive, meaning population numbers listed for a higher zone are not included in the lower zone. For example, vulnerable population listed for Evacuation Zone B does not include vulnerable population listed for Evacuation Zone A. Table ES-2 Population-at-Risk from Hurricanes by Evacuation Level, 2015 Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Zone A Zone B Zone C Zone D Zone E Hillsborough County Site-built Homes 89,414 115,711 65,565 70,976 72,318 Mobile/Manuf. Homes 3,677 2,599 1,883 3,065 3,989 TOTAL 93,091 118,310 67,448 74,041 76,307 Manatee County Site-built Homes 42,313 26,111 32,251 66,237 94,343 Mobile/Manuf. Homes 3,270 2,668 2,043 4,577 4,735 TOTAL 45,583 28,779 34,294 70,814 99,078 Pasco County Site-built Homes 41,462 49,089 64,442 31,053 22,732 Mobile/Manuf. Homes 4,636 4,462 5,301 3,737 2,452 TOTAL 46,098 53,551 69,743 34,790 25,184 Pinellas County Site-built Homes 158,203 134,163 128,913 98,345 53,371 Mobile/Manuf. Homes 2,789 6,407 8,335 8,814 1,561 TOTAL 160,992 140,570 137,248 107,159 54,932 Note: Vulnerable population determined using SRESP behavioral data and county provided evacuation zones. Vulnerable population numbers are not inclusive, meaning population numbers listed for a higher zone are not included in the lower zone. For example, vulnerable population listed for Evacuation Zone B does not include vulnerable population listed for Evacuation Zone A.

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If everyone who was ordered to evacuate did so and those who were not ordered to evacuate, secured their homes and stayed put, emergency management could use the population-at-risk statistics. This, however, is not the case.

Post-hurricane behavioral studies conducted along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts illustrate that many people ordered to evacuate will not and, conversely, people who live in site- built homes far outside the coastal areas will pack up and try to “outrun” the storm (“shadow evacuation”). How we quantify this behavior is key to an accurate transportation analysis. This study used the general response model (HMG, 2010) as well as the surveys conducted in 2009 (see Chapter III, Regional Behavioral Analysis Summary). Volume 2 of the Statewide Regional evacuation Study Program provides the Regional Behavioral Assumptions based upon the General Response Model and the survey results presented in Volume 3, Behavioral Survey Report

Using the behavioral assumptions discussed in Chapter III, two scenarios were developed. The Base Scenario population scenario assumes that 100% of the population-at-risk evacuate plus the anticipated “shadow evacuation” from outside the surge vulnerable areas. The scenario is considered the most “conservative” estimate and will be used for growth management purposes. Tables ES-3 and ES-4 present these evacuation population estimates for 2010 and 2015.

The second Operational Scenario population estimates apply the participation rates presented in the regional behavioral assumptions. They do not assume that 100% of the population at risk evacuate but do include the “shadow evacuation” expected depending on the strength of the hurricane. Tables ES-5 and ES-6 present the evacuation population estimates and projections for 2010 and 2015.

Table ES-3 Hurricane Population by Evacuation Level, Base Planning Scenario 2010

Tampa Hillsborough Manatee Pasco Pinellas Bay Region A 267,128 105,009 153,677 311,942 837,756 B 349,123 135,549 187,967 421,681 1,094,320 C 449,331 181,074 259,925 555,722 1,446,052 D 525,386 256,504 288,373 641,696 1,711,959

E 643,792 313,285 312,273 708,156 1,977,506

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Table ES-4 Hurricane Evacuation Population by Evacuation Level, Base Planning Scenarios, 2015

Tampa Hillsborough Manatee Pasco Pinellas Bay Region A 286,782 113,927 158,331 320,108 879,148 B 376,227 148,875 193,443 433,262 1,151,807 C 486,590 200,872 269,831 571,979 1,529,272 D 568,791 284,687 299,547 661,455 1,814,480 E 697,462 349,537 326,354 729,413 2,102,766

Table ES-1 Hurricane Evacuation Population by Evacuation Level, Operational Scenarios, 2010

Tampa Hillsborough Manatee Pasco Pinellas Bay Region A 195,993 77,640 108,770 229,103 611,506 B 243,950 101,993 131,151 291,526 768,620 C 362,723 150,862 204,234 433,726 1,151,545 D 457,310 221,645 241,378 539,737 1,460,070 E 603,953 283,023 286,663 656,884 1,830,523

Executive Summary Page 9 162 Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Table ES-6 Hurricane Evacuation Population by Evacuation Level, Operational Scenarios, 2015

Tampa Hillsborough Manatee Pasco Pinellas Bay Region A 211,770 85,020 112,828 234,821 644,439 B 263,670 112,856 135,622 299,065 811,213 C 393,649 168,076 212,891 445,815 1,220,431 D 495,831 246,618 251,405 555,618 1,549,472 E 654,937 316,373 300,036 676,050 1,947,396

Chapter IV also presents the vulnerability of critical facilities within the region to (1) tropical storms and hurricanes; (2) flooding (100-year and 500-year); and wildfire (high and very high). The County Appendices provide more detailed data and maps for selected critical facilities including health care facilities (hospitals, nursing homes, etc.), assisted living facilities (ALFs), fire and police stations, and other identified facilities.

D. PUBLIC SHELTER DEMAND

As part of the regional evacuation study, the anticipated demand for public shelter was quantified. The public shelter inventories and the capacities within each county were identified and a comparison was made to determine the status within both the county and the region.

The general response model, post-hurricane behavioral surveys of residents in the Tampa Bay region and past experience was used to determine public shelter demand. The number of evacuees who choose public shelter as their evacuation destination is based on demographic characteristics of the population including income and age, risk area and housing (mobile home vs. site built homes). The planning assumptions regarding anticipated shelter use were presented in the Regional Behavioral Analysis (See Chapter III, Appendices III-A, III-B, III-C, III-D), and were applied to the projected Hurricane Evacuation Population estimates for both the Base Planning Scenarios as well as the Operational Scenarios.

As discussed in Chapter IV, the Base Planning Scenarios assume 100% compliance of the vulnerable populations (surge-vulnerable and mobile home residents) plus the “shadow evacuation”. The Operational Scenarios use the participation rates from the behavioral analysis to determine the evacuation rates.

Page 10 Executive Summary 163 Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay Table ES-7 Public Shelter Demand for Hurricane Evacuation Base Scenarios 2010

Evacuation Hillsborough Manatee Pasco Pinellas Region Level Capacity4 56,737 26,760 28,285 22,166 133,948 A 15,547 7,061 15,078 22,892 60,578 B 19,185 9,187 16,744 28,795 73,911 C 25,787 12,153 23,449 37,063 98,451 D 35,921 17,551 26,005 43,849 123,327 E 49,641 21,634 28,137 49,806 149,217

Numbers in Red represent a shelter deficit.

Table ES-8 Public Shelter Demand for Hurricane Evacuation Base Scenarios 2015

Evacuation Hillsborough Manatee Pasco Pinellas Region Level Capacity 56,737 26,760 28,285 22,166 133,948 A 16,559 6,825 15,477 23,301 62,162 B 20,504 8,780 17,194 29,374 75,852 C 27,695 11,526 24,359 37,838 101,417 D 38,619 16,558 27,049 44,826 127,051 E 53,447 20,389 29,469 50,888 154,192

Numbers in Red represent a shelter deficit.

4 Capacity is reduced for shelter unusable in Evacuation Levels D and E.

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Table ES-9 Public Shelter Demand for Hurricane Evacuation Operational Scenarios 2010

Evacuation Hillsborough Manatee Pasco Pinellas Region Level Capacity 56,737 26,760 28,285 22,166 133,948 A 11,866 5,335 10,569 16,389 44,160 B 14,114 7,119 12,212 20,187 53,632 C 21,649 10,260 18,670 29,459 80,038 D 31,972 15,229 21,728 37,074 106,003 E 47,186 19,442 25,654 46,145 138,426

Numbers in Red represent a shelter deficit.

Table ES-10 Public Shelter Demand for Hurricane Evacuation Operational Scenarios 2015

Evacuation Hillsborough Manatee Pasco Pinellas Region Level Capacity 56,737 26,760 28,285 22,166 133,948 A 12,710 5,139 10,930 16,683 45,462 B 15,127 6,791 12,599 20,574 55,091 C 23,295 9,731 19,468 30,061 82,554 D 34,416 14,380 22,666 37,879 109,341 E 50,838 18,343 26,914 47,136 143,231

Numbers in Red represent a shelter deficit.

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Using the behavioral assumptions based on the General Response Model has a significant impact on the potential shelter demand calculations. As noted in Chapter III, Regional Behavioral Analysis, the use of public shelters for residents in site built homes ranges from 5% - 10% depending on age and income. Traditionally, a public shelter use rate of between 10%- 25% was used for planning purposes. However, the trend for less reliance on public shelters has been recognized in past evacuations throughout the Gulf and Atlantic states.

As noted, in Hillsborough and Manatee counties which have experienced significant growth and have constructed new schools with the Enhanced Hurricane Protection Areas (EHPA) standards, there is no shelter deficit. Pasco County has experienced population growth, however, their demographics - including an older population - results in a deficit for the most intense storms. Pinellas County is a virtually built-out community with little growth and faces the most significant challenges as the most densely populated county with a large mobile home and senior population. If the shelter demand is approached regionally, the Tampa Bay area would appear to be in good shape. However, for Pinellas County evacuees to reach Hillsborough County shelters they would need to cross surge vulnerable causeways well inland.

Recognizing the trend toward a reduced reliance on public shelters, the emergency management community remains concerned that the assumption of such as drastic reduction in anticipated need does not take into consideration that many vulnerable residents will choose not to evacuate until there is no longer sufficient time to reach other destinations. This could logically result in a surge of evacuees to the public shelters in the closing hours of the evacuation. In addition if a major hurricane were to impact the region, there would be less capacity in public shelters for those residents who have no home to which to return.

In terms of community resiliency, without the requirement of EHPA standards, new schools may not be built to standards which would insure the schools would survive the hit of major hurricane. In addition the need for more special needs shelters must also be addressed in both State and local plans.

Therefore, local emergency management may use different assumptions for both public and special needs shelters within the operational plans as reflected in the County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plans (CEMPs).

E. EVACUATION TRANSPORTATION ANALYSIS

The evacuation transportation analysis discussed in Chapter VI documents the methodology, analysis, and results of the transportation component of the Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program (SRESP). Among the many analyses required for the SRESP study, transportation analysis is probably one of the most important components in the process. By bringing together storm intensity, transportation network, shelters, and evacuation population, transportation analysis explicitly links people’s behavioral

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166 Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay Statewide Regional Evacuation Study responses to the regional evacuation infrastructure and helps formulate effective and responsive evacuation policy options. Due to the complex calculations involved and numerous evacuation scenarios that need to be evaluated, the best way to conduct the transportation analysis is through the use of computerized transportation simulation programs, or transportation models.

The development of the transportation methodology and framework required coordination and input from all eleven regional planning councils in Florida, along with the Division of Emergency Management, Department of Transportation, Department of Community Affairs, and local county emergency management teams. At the statewide level, the transportation consultant, Wilbur Smith Associates, participated in SRESP Work Group Meetings which were typically held on a monthly basis to discuss the development of the transportation methodology and receive feedback and input from the State agencies and RPCs.

At the local and regional level, Wilbur Smith Associates conducted a series of four regional meetings to coordinate with and receive input from local county emergency management, the regional planning council, local transportation planning agencies and groups, as well as other interested agencies.

1. Transportation Methodology

The methodology used in the Tampa Bay RPC Evacuation Transportation Analysis is identical to the methodology used for all eleven Regional Planning Councils and includes the following components:

• Behavioral Assumptions • Zone System and Highway Network • Background Traffic • Evacuation Traffic • Dynamic Traffic Assignment

The regional model developed for the Tampa Bay Region used a series of input data provided by the RPC, including the following:

• Regional Model Network • Regional Zone System • Regional Demographic Characteristics

2. Clearance Times

The evacuation clearance times were defined and calculated as part of the Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program and the evacuation transportation analysis and represent a series of scenarios and points in time within the evacuation process.

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167 Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay • Clearance Time to Shelter: The time necessary to safely evacuate vulnerable residents and visitors to a “point of safety” within the county based on a specific hazard, behavioral assumptions and evacuation scenario. Calculated from the point in time when the evacuation order is given to the point in time when the last vehicle reaches a point of safety within the county.

• In-County Clearance Time: The time required from the point an evacuation order is given until the last evacuee can either leave the evacuation zone or arrive at safe shelter within the County. This does not include those evacuees leaving the County, on their own.

• Out of County Clearance Time: The time necessary to safely evacuate vulnerable residents and visitors to a “point of safety” within the county based on a specific hazard, behavioral assumptions and evacuation scenario. Calculated from the point an evacuation order is given to the point in time when the last vehicle assigned an external destination exits the county.

• Regional Clearance Time: The time necessary to safely evacuate vulnerable residents and visitors to a “point of safety” within the (RPC) region based on a specific hazard, behavioral assumptions and evacuation scenario. Calculated from the point in time when the evacuation order is given to the point in time when the last vehicle assigned an external destination exits the region.

Based on the analysis, the Clearance Times for the Base Planning Scenario and Operational Scenarios for 2010 and 2015 are provided below.

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168 Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Table ES-11 – 2010 Clearance Times for Base Scenario

Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Level A Base Level B Level C Level D Level E Scenario Base Base Base Base Scenario Scenario Scenario Scenario Clearance Time to Shelter Hillsborough 15.5 22.0 29.5 39.0 59.5 Manatee 12.5 12.5 17.0 20.5 34.0 Pasco 14.0 18.0 33.5 49.5 60.0 Pinellas 13.0 13.0 18.5 22.5 41.0 In-County Clearance Time Hillsborough 15.5 22.0 29.5 39.0 59.5 Manatee 13.5 14.0 19.0 33.0 40.0 Pasco 14.0 18.0 33.5 49.5 60.0 Pinellas 13.0 13.5 18.5 24.0 43.0 Out of County Clearance Time Hillsborough 16.5 23.0 29.5 47.0 59.5 Manatee 14.5 14.5 19.5 33.0 45.5 Pasco 17.0 22.0 36.0 54.5 60.5 Pinellas 14.0 13.5 18.5 24.0 43.0 Regional Clearance Time Tampa Bay Region 16.5 23.0 36.0 54.5 60.5

Table ES-12 – 2015 Clearance Times for Base Scenario

Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Level A Base Level B Level C Level D Level E Scenario Base Base Base Base Scenario Scenario Scenario Scenario Clearance Time to Shelter Hillsborough 14.5 22.0 29.5 41.0 54.5 Manatee 13.0 13.0 19.5 22.5 44.5 Pasco 13.5 20.5 40.5 58.5 54.0 Pinellas 13.0 13.0 20.0 29.0 50.5 In-County Clearance Time Hillsborough 14.5 22.0 29.5 41.0 54.5 Manatee 14.0 15.0 24.0 36.5 51.5 Pasco 13.5 20.5 40.5 58.5 54.0 Pinellas 13.5 14.0 20.0 29.0 50.5 Out of County Clearance Time Hillsborough 15.5 22.5 29.0 40.5 55.0 Manatee 14.5 15.0 24.0 36.0 51.5 Pasco 16.5 22.5 40.5 58.5 57.5 Pinellas 14.0 14.0 19.5 28.0 50.5 Regional Clearance Time Tampa Bay Region 16.5 22.5 40.5 58.5 57.5

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169 Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay Table ES-13 – 2010 Clearance Times for Operational Scenarios

Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E Operational Operational Operational Operational Operational Scenario Scenario Scenario Scenario Scenario Clearance Time to Shelter Hillsborough 13.0 15.0 22.0 29.5 59.0 Manatee 10.0 13.0 19.0 28.0 53.0 Pasco 11.0 13.5 21.0 33.5 58.0 Pinellas 10.0 13.0 19.0 25.0 33.5 In-County Clearance Time Hillsborough 13.0 15.0 22.0 29.5 59.0 Manatee 11.0 14.0 20.0 29.5 53.0 Pasco 11.0 13.5 21.0 33.5 58.0 Pinellas 11.5 14.0 20.5 29.0 58.5 Out of County Clearance Time Hillsborough 13.0 15.5 22.0 29.0 59.0 Manatee 11.0 14.0 20.0 27.5 52.5 Pasco 11.5 14.5 21.0 34.0 60.0 Pinellas 11.5 13.5 20.0 28.5 58.0 Regional Clearance Time Tampa Bay Region 13.0 15.5 22.0 34.0 60.0

Table ES-14 – 2015 Clearance Times for Operational Scenarios

Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Evacuation Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E Operational Operational Operational Operational Operational Scenario Scenario Scenario Scenario Scenario Clearance Time to Shelter Hillsborough 12.0 15.5 26.0 38.0 78.0 Manatee 10.0 13.0 19.0 27.0 69.5 Pasco 12.0 13.5 23.5 40.5 78.5 Pinellas 10.0 13.0 19.5 25.5 71.0 In-County Clearance Time Hillsborough 12.0 15.5 26.0 38.0 78.0 Manatee 11.0 14.0 20.0 33.5 73.5 Pasco 12.0 14.5 23.5 40.5 78.5 Pinellas 11.0 14.0 20.0 31.0 72.0 Out of County Clearance Time Hillsborough 12.0 15.5 25.5 38.0 78.0 Manatee 11.0 14.0 20.0 33.0 75.0 Pasco 11.5 14.5 26.0 37.0 78.0 Pinellas 10.5 14.0 20.0 31.0 72.0 Regional Clearance Time Tampa Bay Region 12.0 15.5 26.0 38.0 78.0

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4. TIME User Interface Wilbur Smith Associates developed the Transportation Interface for Modeling Evacuations (TIME) to make it easier for RPC staff and transportation planners to use the model and implement the evacuation methodology. The TIME interface is based on an ArcGIS platform and is essentially a condensed transportation model, which provides a user friendly means of modifying input variables that would change the clearance times for various evacuation scenarios.

The evacuation model variables include a set of distinguishing characteristics that could apply to evacuation scenarios as selection criteria. These following variables may be selected using the TIME interface and allow the user to retrieve the best results from various evacuation alternatives:

• Analysis time period; • Highway network; • Behavioral response; • One-way evacuation operations; • University population; • Tourist occupancy rates; • Shelters; • Counties evacuating; • Evacuation level; • Response curve hours; and, • Evacuation Phasing.

It is anticipated that the regional planning council and local governments will be able to use the TIME User Interface to simulate additional scenarios varying behavioral assumptions, reflecting proposed growth in coastal areas, new transportation improvements, etc.

F. GLOSSARY

The Glossary at the back of the Technical Data Report contains the definitions of the terms used throughout the document. In many cases, it represents the legal consensus of the definition of terms in statute pertaining to growth management. The Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program represents a consistent and coordinated approach to provide tools for both the emergency management as well as the planning community in the State of Florida.

G. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Obviously, the implementation of a successful hurricane evacuation in the Tampa Bay Region will be complex and challenging. It will require a team effort - not just on the

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171 Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay part of the emergency management and response personnel - but of the entire community. We have come to a point in this metropolitan coastal region that complacency and apathy will have dire consequences.

The update of the Tampa Bay Region Hurricane Evacuation Study illustrates that there have been improvements in hurricane evacuation planning including increased public shelter capacity, assistance for the transit dependent, alternatives for evacuees with pets, special needs shelters, route improvements and growth management mitigation strategies helping to reduce the population-at-risk. However, there remain serious challenges in this region if we are to avoid the loss of life and property and human suffering witnessed in the 2005 hurricane season in Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas.

Over the past 30 years, Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council (TBRPC), the State of Florida, County Emergency Management agencies, the American Red Cross and many other agencies have worked together to prepare regionally for a disaster – not just the inevitable strike of a hurricane but the impacts of flooding, hazardous material incidents and terrorist attack.

Recent events have tragically demonstrated the power of nature and the horrific results if government and citizens fail to respond appropriately. As public servants and elected officials, it is imperative to address the concerns of our citizens and leaders regarding our ability to manage a major disaster.

1. Public Education

Our citizens’ knowledge and understanding of personal risk and appropriate evacuation response remains a serious challenge. The behavioral surveys indicated that many residents – even those in the most surge-vulnerable areas and mobile homes – believe their home would be safe in a major hurricane, do not have a family disaster plan, and many will not evacuate regardless of the intensity of the storm or government actions. This fact means that those who choose to stay behind in mobile homes and areas vulnerable to storm surge and velocity wave action might not survive a storm.

In turn, many residents - well inland of storm surge and in site-built homes - responded that they will try to evacuate -- many out of the region or state. Because of the “shadow evacuation,” resulting clearance times are exceedingly high necessitating the planning of refuge shelters along critical evacuation routes, reverse laning of Interstate systems and the potential of evacuation problems seen in Houston, Texas, with Hurricane Rita (2005).

The hurricane public information program in the Tampa Bay region is a comprehensive program geared toward pre-storm information (Public

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172 Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Education) as well as prepared emergency public information for use during the emergency (Public Information). The major product of the public education program is the Hurricane Guide, which is printed and distributed every year at the beginning of hurricane season. Approximately 350,000 copies of the guide were printed and distributed in 2010 in 7 counties and 2 languages. In addition, the guide is augmented by local (printed) information, interactive web sites, citizen information lines, public speaking engagements, and information relayed in schools, newspapers, the broadcast media and neighborhood associations throughout the season.

In order to elicit an immediate evacuation response, the population-at-risk must be clearly and conclusively convinced that (1) they are indeed residing in a vulnerable area and (2) that a decision not to leave could well mean their loss of life or injury. Post-hurricane studies have shown that the most vital piece of information is the information received from the emergency management personnel and local officials. For the most part, people will respond based upon the urgency and seriousness of the threat as conveyed by the emergency response personnel (HMG, 1999 and 2006).

Three key messages have been identified: • Know your risk (evacuation zone/ mobile homes) • Make a family plan. • Obtain emergency supplies for at least 3-5 days.

The accurate formulation and comprehensive dissemination of these critical pieces of information to the public in a simple and understandable form is essential for implementation of an effective hurricane evacuation plan.

Hopefully, irrational emergency decision-making on the part of the population can be decreased if they determine their vulnerability to a hurricane before the emergency occurs. Residents in the Tampa Bay region are encouraged to become familiar with the county plans for evacuation and to make their "family plans” and business plans ahead of time. The State of Florida has partnered with the Florida Broadcasting Association to encourage the “culture of preparedness” including PSAs and billboards. Partnering at the local level is also needed.

Additional notification procedures (of evacuation level) is implemented and repeated throughout the season. The local governments in the region do have programs which provide these services to their residents so it is unclear why so many residents do not know their evacuation level or understand their risk.

• Notification on utility bills (zone designation) • Notification on tax bills (zone designation)

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173 Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay • Special mailings and deliveries • Interactive Web sites (zone look up) • Citizen Information lines (zone look up)

Perhaps the answer lies in a continued strengthen initiative to partner with all levels of government, the private sector, civic and business associations and non-profit/volunteer agencies and the media to “get the word out” about preparedness and mitigation. Businesses have been increasingly active in developing continuity plans and providing information to their employees. Churches and civic associations, neighborhood associations, crime watch and Community Emergency Response Teams (CERT) can provide direct contact and face-to-face communication.

2. Special Needs

Providing shelter for residents with special needs is a critical issue. Partners including the Dept. of Health, home health agencies, hospitals and skilled nursing facilities, to name just a few, must work with local agencies to (1) register and determine the appropriate level of care and appropriate shelter alternative for each resident and (2) provide the facility, staff, equipment and supplies and transportation assistance in an effective manner in a disaster situation.

Again, we need to develop strong partnerships with those entities in the community that work with our citizens with special needs on a daily basis to ensure they receive the information and support they need before, during and after a disaster.

3. Mitigation Message

As identified, the results of the Statewide Regional Evacuation Study for the Tampa Bay Region highlight the challenges of the emergency management community in a metropolitan coastal area such as Tampa Bay. If people do not respond correctly when an evacuation order is given, there will be serious implications on the entire emergency response. For example, if residents who live in low-lying surge vulnerable areas or mobile homes do not evacuate, they are putting their safety at risk. Conversely, if residents who live in site-built homes outside the surge-vulnerable areas try to evacuate in significant numbers - as they did

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174 Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay Statewide Regional Evacuation Study during the 1999 Hurricane Floyd evacuation and for Hurricane Rita in 2005 - the resulting traffic congestion may prevent anyone from reaching safety.

The answer is comprehensive consistent public education which focuses on encouraging our residents to do the following (1) know their risk, and (2) plan ahead. Again, key messages include:

• Individual Responsibility – Be disaster resilient. Know your risk, plan ahead and obtain needed supplies. • Encourage residents to “Flee from Flood; Hide from Wind”. Obviously, coastal residents in surge vulnerable areas and mobile home residents must evacuate; however, the key message is to seek refuge within “tens of miles, not hundreds of miles.” • Strongly encourage all residents who live in site-built homes outside the surge vulnerable areas to call and invite friends or relatives who must evacuate to come and stay with them if there is a hurricane threat. Once they have committed by inviting their friends or relatives, we will also encourage residents to prepare their homes and mitigate for the potential winds, i.e. window and door protection, braced gable end roofs, and garage doors. • It is assumed if inland residents take action to protect their homes from wind, they will be less likely to try to “outrun” a hurricane.

4. The Coastal High Hazard Area (CHHA)

In 2006 the Florida Legislature passed a bill changing the definition of the coastal high hazard area (CHHA) from the evacuation zone to the “area defined by the SLOSH model to be inundated from a category one hurricane.” This change was welcome as the definition was more defensible tying the land use regulations to a scientific model rather than the zone delineated by roadways and familiar landmarks. However, the limitations of the model must be recognized by the local governments now responsible for its regulation.

As discussed, the SLOSH model does not address wave height and other local processes. It also does not incorporate the danger of isolation in areas surrounded by storm surge with limited access such as barrier islands. These two issues are of serious concern and it is recommended that local governments address them within their comprehensive plans and land development regulations.

H. Use of SRES Data in Growth Management

While this study is primarily designed for the local emergency management agencies to utilize in the preparation of emergency response, evacuation, sheltering and mitigation plans, Chapter 163.3178 of the Florida Statutes directs growth management planners to

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175 Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay this study to identify exceedances when determining the impacts of growth on the safety of the public. Therefore, this study is also designed with many features to address growth management issues. Key items included are Coastal High Hazard Areas (CHHA), clearance times, shelter capacity, and tools for determining impacts of growth.

1. Storm Tide Limits and the Coastal High Hazard Area

The Statewide Regional Evacuation Study (SRES) contains data which is directly referenced in growth management legislation in the State of Florida and coastal/conservation elements of the Local Government Comprehensive Plans. The Storm Tide Atlas (Volume 7) and the storm tide limits it portrays for each county define the Coastal High Hazard Area (CHHA)5. Section 163.3178(9)(c), Florida Statutes requires local governments to amend their future land use map and coastal management element to include the new definition of the Coastal High Hazard Area and to depict the CHHA on the County’s Future Land Use Map.

As indicated in the Hazards Analysis chapter (Volume 1: Technical Data Report, Chapter II), the ultimate amount of storm surge at any given coastal location is determined by a number of factors. It has been demonstrated that storm parameters including the wind speed and profiles, angle of approach, size of radii of maximum winds and the forward speed of the system will have a complex and inter-related affect on the amount of surge at a particular site. For example, Hurricane Ike which struck the Galveston area in 2008 was classified as a Category 2 hurricane on the Saffir Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale yet it produced a 24 – 26 foot storm surge (often associated with a Category 5 Hurricane) due to its large wind field (radius of maximum winds) and angle of approach.

2. Storm Tide Limits and Evacuation Zones

Emergency management officials use many factors in determining County Evacuation Zones, with storm tide limits being a major component. However, it is important to note that the storm tide boundaries are not the only data used in this determination. Local officials use their knowledge of the area and other data such as: areas of repetitive loss, surge depth, freshwater flooding, isolation issues, and debris hazards, and typically choose known landmarks to identify boundaries for public warning and information.

As a result, the Evacuation zones largely correspond to the storm tide limits of the Category 1 – 5 hurricanes on the Saffir-Simpson Wind Scale. However, the degree

5 Section 163.3178(2) (h), F.S. “the area below the elevation of the Category 1 storm surge line as established by a Sea, Lake and Overland Surge from Hurricanes (SLOSH) computerized storm surge model.”

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176 Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay Statewide Regional Evacuation Study to which any specific zone corresponds to storm tide limits is directly related to the affect other data factors have on the final determination of County Evacuation Zones by local officials. These factors may lead local officials to consolidate zones, add additional zones, expand or contract zones to ensure those threatened by the hazards are appropriately included.

The 2010 SRES introduces alphabetic Evacuation Zones/Levels (A-E) across the State for the first time. A map (Figure IV-2) of these zones is located in Chapter IV: Regional Population and Vulnerability Analysis found in Volume 1 of the Study. For purposes of growth management planning, the reference to areas to be evacuated from a Category 1 hurricane should use Evacuation Zone/Level A, reference to evacuation areas to be evacuated in advance of a Category 2 hurricane should use Evacuation Zone/Level B, and reference to areas to be evacuated from a Category 3 hurricane should use Evacuation Zone/Level C. Similarly, in policies which refers to evacuation areas from a Category 4 or 5 hurricane, Evacuation Zones/Levels D or E should be used respectively. Where there are consolidated zones or evacuation levels please refer to the detailed reference information (Chapter IV: Regional Population and Vulnerability Analysis of Volume 1).

3. Evacuation Transportation

Two types of scenarios (Base scenarios and Operational scenarios) were defined in the Evacuation Transportation Analysis (Volume 4) for use in the Regional Evacuation Model to derive the evacuating population, evacuation vehicles, clearance times and critical congested roadways. Most pertinent to Growth Management are the base scenarios, which were developed to estimate a worst case scenario in which 100% of the vulnerable population (those found in evacuation zones) evacuate plus the addition of “shadow evacuation”. The standard assumptions utilized as the baseline were identified by the Division of Community Planning (DCP) as best suited for use in growth management analysis. The Base Scenarios (Table VI-9, Chapter VI: Evacuation Transportation Analysis Summary in Volume One) are provided to supply the anticipated time needed to evacuate all vulnerable populations (clearance times are found in tables VI-11 and VI-12, Chapter VI: Evacuation Transportation Analysis Summary in Volume One).The Base Scenarios also supply the baseline data for planning purposes (maximum evacuation population found in tables VI-15 and VI-16, Chapter VI: Evacuation Transportation Analysis Summary in Volume One) . This allows for the evaluation of growth management strategies and provides a consistent statewide measure for clearance time calculations.

The ability to alter scenarios is also available, allowing a planner to increase or decrease population, roadway capacities, shelter availability and more; then measure the variations to determine impacts of population, land use or infrastructure changes. The Transportation Interface for Modeling Evacuations (TIME) is the tool developed to allow users to run further scenarios. Built on the Cube Voyager and Cube Avenue software, this interface is a user- friendly interface which provides the ability to run variations on the transportation scenario, without being transportation planners. If needed, a transportation planner familiar with the model’s underlying software can provide a more complex analysis.

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177 Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program Volume 1-8 Tampa Bay

4. Definitions

In addition to the data provided, the SRES also defines terms (Volume One: Technical Data Report, Glossary) that are referenced in Florida legislation including various Evacuation Clearance Times (Clearance Time to Shelter, In-County Clearance Time, Out-of-County Clearance Time and Regional Clearance Time). These Clearance Time definitions better clarify the criterion in determining the compliance of Comprehensive Plan Amendments with State coastal high hazard provisions as prescribed in Section 163.3178(9), Florida Statutes. Using the uniform assumptions from the Base Scenarios, the SRES supplies the information to provide a consistent statewide methodology to assess current conditions as well as quantify impacts that may need to be mitigated.

5. Sheltering

As indicated in the Hurricane Preparedness Policy Rule (Rule 9J-2.0256 (4), F.A.C.), shelter space surplus and deficits are utilized to determine impacts of Developments of Regional Impacts (DRI). Chapter 5: Regional Shelter Analysis of the Technical Data Report provides general information on sheltering (general population, special needs and pet friendly), listings of all county shelters and their capacity as well as specific public shelter demand (Table V-9 through V-12). Shelter surplus and deficits are outlined in these tables as well.

Important to note: shelters listed in the study are divided in two categories, ‘primary’ and ‘other’ shelters. Primary shelters are ARC 4496 compatible and may meet other requirements as well (Enhanced Hurricane Protection Areas). A County’s shelter capacity is based upon these primary shelters. Each study may list ‘other shelter resources’ that are within each County, but these shelters may or may not be utilized during an event.

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Funding was provided by the Florida Legislature with funding from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) through the Florida Division of Emergency Management. Local match was provided by the Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council and Hillsborough, Manatee, Pasco and Pinellas Counties.

Florida Division of Emergency Management David Halstead, Director 2555 Shumard Oak Boulevard, Tallahassee, Florida 32399 Web site: www.floridadisaster.org

Prepared and published by Tampa Bay Regional Council, 4000 Gateway Centre Blvd., Pinellas Park, Florida 33782. Tel: (727) 570-5151, Fax: (727) 570-5118, E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected] Web site: www.tbrpc.org Study Managers: Betti C. Johnson, AICP, Principal Planner and Marshall Flynn, IT Manager

Statewide Program Manager: Jeffrey Alexander, Northeast Florida Regional Council179 180

Attachment F

Citizen Comments

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