Description of the Fairfield and Gettysburg Quadrangles

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Description of the Fairfield and Gettysburg Quadrangles DESCRIPTION OF THE FAIRFIELD AND GETTYSBURG QUADRANGLES By George W. Stose and F. Bascom 1 INTRODUCTION The Appalachian Highlands include three well-marked Ridge comprises many minor ridges, which, under local names, longitudinal subdivisions, each characterized by a general extend from southeastern New York to northern Georgia. LOCATION AND AREA similarity of sedimentary deposits, geologic structure, and Chief among these are the Highlands of southeastern New The Fairfield and Gettysburg quadrangles are in the south- topography. The western subdivision includes the Appalach­ York and New Jersey, South Mountain in Pennsylvania, the central part of Pennsylvania, between parallels 39° 45' and ian Plateaus; the middle subdivision is the Appalachian Blue Ridge and Catoctin Mountain in Maryland and Virginia, 40° and meridians 77° and 77° 30', and together contain about Valley and Pvidges province; the eastern subdivision includes the Great Smoky Mountains in Tennessee and North Carolina, 458 square miles. They embrace the larger part of Adams the Blue Ridge and Piedmont provinces. Topographically the and the Blue Ridge in Georgia. County, the east side of Franklin County, and the south corner Blue Ridge and Piedmont provinces are distinct, but geologi­ The Piedmont province is a wide belt of upland southeast of of Cumberland County. The southern border of the area is cally they are so closely allied that they may be better treated the Blue Ridge province. It descends gently southeastward within 2 miles of the Maryland State boundary. (See fig. 1.) as a unit. These three subdivisions are well defined from and grades into the Coastal Plain, which borders the Atlantic Alabama to southern New York, and the following description Ocean. The Blue Ridge and Piedmont provinces grade into applies chiefly to that part of the Appalachian Highlands. each other in places, with no sharp boundary. The form of (See fig. 2.) Farther north and east are the St. Lawrence the surface differs largejy in accordance with the proximity of Valley, Adirondack, and New England provinces. large trunk streams and their activity in wearing down the rocks. The rocks of this subdivision are largely crystalline, APPALACHIAN VALLEY AND RIDGES being either sediments that have been metamorphosed to The middle subdivision has generally been called the Appa­ quartzite, slate, schist, and gneiss, or igneous rocks that have lachian Valley province, but in most places, especially in solidified from a molten condition, such as granite, diorite, Pennsylvania, ridges form so large a part of it that the gabbro, rhyolite, and basalt, also more or less altered by name Appalachian Valley and Ridges is more appropriate, metamorphism. and that name was proposed by the writer and has been APPALACHIAN PLATEAUS adopted by the United States Geological Survey. It is the most uniform and best defined of the three, being sharply The western subdivision of the Appalachian Highlands delimited on the southeast by the Blue Ridge province and comprises the Cumberland and Allegheny Plateaus and several on the northwest by the Appalachian Plateaus. In its south­ lower plateaus in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Ohio. On the ern portion it coincides with the belt of closely folded and west it is bordered mainly by the Interior Low Plateaus and faulted rocks that form the Coosa Valley of Alabama and Central Lowland provinces of the Interior Plains. Its eastern Georgia and the valley of east Tennessee and Virginia; this border is sharply defined in most places by the Allegheny Front portion ranges in width from 40 to 125 miles. Throughout and the Cumberland escarpment. its central and northern portions only the east side of the The rocks of this subdivision are almost entirely sedimen­ FIGURE 1. Index map of south-central Pennsylvania and portions of adjacent States province is marked by great valleys; these range in width tary and are but gently folded. The form of the surface, which The location of the Fairfleld and Gettysburg quadrangles is shown by darker ruling (No. 225). from 8 to 13 miles and comprise the Shenandoah Valley of is in part dependent on the character and attitude of the rocks, Published folios describing other quadrangles are indicated by lighter ruling and are listed on the back cover of this folio Virginia, the Cumberland Valley of Maryland and southern is that of plateaus in various stages of dissection. In the Pennsylvania, the Lebanon Valley of eastern Pennsylvania, southern half of the province large portions of the plateau APPALACHIAN HIGHLANDS and the Kittatinny Valley of New Jersey. The west side of country are very flat, but more commonly the plateaus are These quadrangles form part of the major physiographic this part of the province throughout most of its extent is a dissected by many valleys and ravines into numerous small, division known as the Appalachian Highlands, which lies succession of narrow longitudinal valleys separated by long flat-topped hills. In portions of West Virginia and Pennsyl­ between the Atlantic Plain on the east and the Interior Plains parallel ridges. Its general altitude, however, is markedly vania the plateau surface is so largely dissected as to leave on the west and extends from central Alabama to Canada. lower than that of the mountainous provinces on both sides. irregular rounded knobs and ridges that bear little resemblance This region had throughout its extent a similar physiographic The rocks of the Appalachian Valley and Ridges are almost to the original flat surface. The western part of the province . wholly sedimentary and has been extensively eroded, and portions of its surface are of consist of limestone, shale, much lower altitude but are still comparatively level or rolling. and sandstone. The strata were deposited in nearly ALTITUDE horizontal layers, but they The Appalachian Highlands attain their greatest height in are now inclined at vari­ North Carolina, where Mount Mitchell, in the Blue Ridge ous angles, and their out­ province, reaches an altitude of 6,711 feet. From this cul­ crops form narrow belts minating point the mountains descend to less than 1,000 feet of the different kinds of at the south end of the province in Alabama. The highest rock. The surface relief mountain in Virginia is Mount Rogers, in the Blue Ridge, depends upon the differ­ which is 5,719 feet above sea level. The valley ridges in ences in hardness and Virginia reach over 4,700 feet, but in Maryland and Pennsyl­ solubility of the outcrop­ vania they do not rise above 2,200 feet. The plateau province, ping rocks. In the south­ west of the Appalachian Valley, has at its southern limit an ern part of the province, altitude of 500 feet, ascends to 2,000 feet in Tennessee, reaches owing to the absence of 4,000 feet in eastern Kentucky, and culminates at 4,800 feet some of the resistant sand­ in West Virginia, whence it descends again to 3,300 feet in stones that occur farther Maryland and 2,200 feet in north-central Pennsylvania. north and to the corre­ The height of the floor of the Appalachian Valley is deter­ spondingly larger amounts mined largely by the drainage basins of the trunk streams that of calcareous and shaly cut through the mountain barriers on each side at irregular rocks which are brought intervals, and it has therefore numerous culminating points on up in the anticlinal folds the watersheds between these streams. Thus it rises from less and exposed by erosion, than 500 feet in Alabama to 2,700 feet on the divide between the surface has been more Tennessee and New Rivers in Virginia, whence it descends to readily worn down and is 2,200 feet in the New River valley. It rises and falls likewise lower and generally less over the divides and into the valleys of James and Potomac varied than that of the Rivers in Virginia, declining to 500 feet in the Potomac Basin. FIGURE 2. Relief map of part of southern Pennsylvania showing mountain ridges, valleys, and drainage systems adjacent mountain and In Pennsylvania the floor of the valley does not rise above The Fairfleld and Gettysburg quadrangles include the eastern part of South Mountain and the area to the east as far as Hanover and extend from a line a little north of the State boundary northward nearly to York Springs plateau provinces. This 1,000 feet. Throughout the length of the province the stream is true likewise of the channels are cut 50 to 250 feet below this valley floor, and the and geologic history, which is recorded in its rocks and in its northeastern part of the Appalachian Valley and Ridges prov­ ridges rise 500 to 2,000 feet above it. topographic features. Only a part of this history can be ince, but in its northwestern part high, sharp-crested parallel interpreted from so small an area as the Fairfield and Gettys­ ridges and intervening valleys follow the narrow belts of up­ DRAINAGE burg quadrangles, and it is therefore desirable to consider the turned hard and soft rocks respectively. The drainage of the Appalachian Highlands south of New area in its relation to the entire division. York flows in part eastward to the Atlantic Ocean, in part BLUE RIDGE AND PIEDMONT PROVINCES southward to the Gulf of Mexico, and in part westward to 1 The descriptions are chiefly by G. W. Stuse; the description of the pre Cambrian rocks is by F. Bascom and G. W. Stose, and the petrographic The eastern subdivision of the Appalachian Highlands Mississippi River. The greater part of the Appalachian portion by F. Bascom. embraces the Blue Ridge and Piedmont provinces. The Blue Plateaus is drained by streams flowing westward to Ohio River. The northern portion of the Blue Ridge province is drained next cycle of sedimentation.
Recommended publications
  • Common Name Scientific Name Comments Evergreen Trees
    Common Name Scientific Name Height* Spread Native Fall Color Ornamental Bark Flowering Wind Tolerant Tolerant Salt Well Drained Soil Moist Soil Full Sun Partial Sun Shade Comments Evergreen Trees Austrian Pine Pinus nigra 60' 30' x x x Vigerous, dark green needles (Behind Brenner's Castle Hill parking lot) Blue Spruce Picea pungens 60 30 x x Slow growing, bluish tint to needles English Laurel Prunus laurocerasus 10' 15' x x x x x x Good hedge.Dark green waxy leaves. (Corner Observatory & Seward St) Holly Ilex species 10' 10' x x Beautiful foliage and berries. Need male & female (City Hall west side) Lodgepole Pine (Bull Pine) Pinus contorta 35' 35' x x x x x x Fast growing, good for containers, screening (Crescent Park by picnic shelters) Mountain Hemlock Tsuga mertensiana 30' 15' x x x x x x x x Good for slopes, rock gardens, containers. Slow growing. (Wells Fargo parking lot) Sitka Spruce Picea sitchensis 100' 50' x x x x x Prone to aphids. Prolific, native of SE Alaska Western Hemlock Tsuga heterophylla 100 50 x x x x x x Fast growing. Can be pruned into a hedge (SJ Campus -Jeff Davis St.) Western Red Cedar Thuja plicata 80' 40' x x Beautiful foliage. Interesting bark. Subalpine Fir Abies lasiocarpa 100' 20' x Beautiful conical form. (Two across from Market Center parking lot.) Noble Fir Abies procera 100' 30' x Dark green, fast growing, beautiful large specimens at 1111 HPR Siberian Spruce Picea Omorika 20' 4' x x x Blue-green foliage. 'Bruns' at Moller Field, 'Weeping Brun's' at BIHA office Japanese White Pine Pinus parviflora 6' 3' x x Negishi' at Moller Field with blue-green foliage Korean Fir Abies koreana 15' 10' x x Horstmann's silberlocke' at Moller Field; silver foliage Western White Pine Pinus monticola 60' 20' x x x Fast growing, conical form (Fine Arts Camp Rasmusen Center, Lake St.
    [Show full text]
  • Caledonia State Park
    History A Pennsylvania Recreational Guide for Caledonia State Park Thaddeus Stevens 1792-1868 run-away slaves north to Greenwood, just west of the park, Caledonia State Park The 1,125-acre Caledonia State Park is in Adams and Called the Great Commoner, Thaddeus Stevens was an to meet the next conductor on the journey to freedom. For Franklin counties, midway between Chambersburg and abolitionist, radical republican and was one of the most this, and Stevens’ tireless fight for equal rights, Caledonia Gettysburg along the Lincoln Highway, US 30. effective and powerful legislators of the Civil War era. Some State Park is a Path of Freedom site. The park is nestled within South Mountain, the northern historians consider Stevens the de facto leader of the United During the Gettysburg Campaign of the American Civil terminus of the well-known Blue Ridge Mountain of States during the presidency of Andrew Johnson. Stevens War, the confederate cavalry of General J.A. Early raided Maryland and Virginia. Within South Mountain there are became the third person in American history to be given throughout southern Pennsylvania but followed a policy four state parks and 84,000 acres of state forest land waiting the privilege of lying in state in the U.S. Capitol rotunda, to destroy no private property or industry. The cavalry to be explored and enjoyed. The soils on either side of following Senator Henry Clay and President Lincoln. burned and pillaged Caledonia. Early explained his actions, South Mountain are ideal for fruit production, proven by the Born in Caledonia County, Vermont, Stevens would face “Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • PA Environment Digest – Holston & Crisci
    _ ______ A An Update on P Environmental _ Issues in Environment Digest Pennsylvania Edited By David E. Hess, Holston & Crisci July 17, 2006 Rivers Conservation and Fly Fishing Youth Camp Graduates 32 Thirty-two students graduated from the 12th annual Rivers Conservation and Fly Fishing Youth Camp on June 23, completing a course of study that included subjects such as hydrogeology, wetland study, and benthic macro-invertebrate study. The keynote address was provided by Dr. Robert Behnke, Professor Emeritus of Fisheries Biology at Colorado State University, and one of the premier salmonid biologists in the world. The students also participated in stream habitat restoration on the Yellow Breeches Creek as well as courses in fly tying, casting and fishing techniques. The camp was again held at Allenberry on the Yellow Breeches Resort in Boiling Springs. Amber Mancini of Old Forge was this year's recipient of the Leon Chandler Award. The award is given in memory of the late Mr. Chandler to the student who best exemplifies the qualities demonstrated to previous campers by Leon. Amber exhibited a quiet can-do attitude, showed a willingness to help other students and share her knowledge and went about her tasks quietly. Registrations for the 2007 camp will begin to be accepted on November 1. For more information visit the Rivers Conservation and Fly Fishing Youth Camp website. Visit Our Professional Services Directory Support Your Sponsors Session Schedule The Senate and House return to session on September 25. On the Hill • Bills on the Governor’s
    [Show full text]
  • Case Shot & Canister
    Case Shot & Canister 1BA Publication of the Delaware Valley Civil War Round Table Partners with Manor College and the Civil War Institute Our 21st Year September 2013 4BVolume 23 5BNumber 9 Editor Patricia Caldwell Contributors Hugh Boyle, Book Nook Editor Rose Boyle Nancy Caldwell, Artistic Adviser Jerry Carrier Paula Gidjunis Bernice Kaplan Jack Lieberman The War’s Second Front: Women Larry Vogel Andy Waskie and the U.S. Civil War Original Photos Presenter: Patricia Caldwell (unless otherwise noted) Villanova Professor & Author Dr. Judith Giesberg 3BUOfficers President Hugh Boyle Vice President Our September Meeting Jerry Carrier Tuesday, September 17, 2013 Treasurer Herb Kaufman 7:30 pm Secretary 6:15 pm for dinner Patricia Caldwell Radisson Hotel Route 1 @ Old Lincoln Highway e-mail:[email protected] U phone: (215)638-4244 Trevose, PA website: HUwww.dvcwrt.orgU Umailing addresses: Dinner Menu – Grilled Pork Loin with burgundy braised button for membership: 2601 Bonnie Lane mushrooms. Soup, rolls, iced tea, diet soda and dessert. Huntingdon Valley PA 19006 Substitute: Pasta (chef’s selection). for newsletter items: 3201 Longshore Avenue Call Rose Boyle at 215-638-4244 for reservations Philadelphia PA 19149-2025 by September 12. Dinner Price $24.00 You are responsible for dinners not cancelled by Monday morning September 16. Wilson James Award for Research in Women's In This Issue History at Boston College in 1994. Local events to help close out the 2013 Dr. Giesberg’s presentation will survey recent studies sesquicentennial year that have expanded the theater of war to consider Paula Gidjunis with the latest in Preservation how the Civil War was fought in everyday life, on the News war’s home fronts.
    [Show full text]
  • Lancaster County Geology
    LancasterLancaster CountyCounty GeologyGeology gfgh µ OverOver TopographicTopographic ReliefRelief Om Miles Í897 0 10 hg Lebanon County Adamstown ¦¨§76 ! Berks County Oha ! Oo Denver ab322 Ephrata Csc Í501 ! Í72 TRh 272 TRn Oco Lititz Í ! Akron Elizabethtown Manheim ! Dauphin County! ! TRhc Cr TRs c Os Rn ! T Terre Hill TRg Trd 322 772 ab 10 Í 222 625 Í ab Í897 Í Í283 Ohm Í230 Oan Í241 East New Holland Oe 722 Petersburg Í Cbs ! Mount Joy ! ! Czc Cch Í23 Cm gga fl R 743 T Í Csb gg pg ggd Í441 Ck Cl 772 72 Í 23 Í ! Í Ca Marietta Ch Lancaster Mountville ! 340 ! Í Columbia 30 ! ! ba Í462 Í462 ab30 Í999 Millersville Ccc Strasburg ! ! Cv Í741 Í741 Í272 41 Í County Chester 896 222 Í gn Christiana ba mg ! oct Cah Í372 S u sq u e h a n n a R iv e r Y o rk C o u n ty gqm LEGEND COUNTY BOUNDARIES Í324 Source: Lancaster County GIS, Copyright (c) 2019 MAJOR ROADS This map to be used for reference or illustrative purposes only. This map FAULT is not a legally recorded plan, survey, or engineering schematic Quarryville and it is not intended to be used as such. For complete disclaimer see: RIVERS AND STREAMS ! http://www.co.lancaster.pa.us/gisdisclaimer DIKE wc ORDOVICIAN Í472 Oan, ANNVILLE FORMATION LIMESTONE TRIASSIC 372 Oco, COCALICO FORMATION DARK GRAY SHALE TRfl, LIMESTONE FANGLOMERATE Í TRg, GETTYSBURG FORMATION SHALE-SANDSTONE Oe, EPLER FORMATION LIMESTONE TRh, HAMMER CREEK FORMATION SANDSTONE-SHALE Oha, ANNVILLE, HERSHEY, AND MYERSTOWN FORMATION TRhc, HAMMER CREEK QUARTZ-CONGLOMERATE Ohm, HERSHEY AND MYERSTOWN FORMATION LIMESTONE 272 TRn, NEW
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Round Top Music Festival
    James Dick, Founder & Artistic Director 2019 Round Top Music Festival ROUND TOP FESTIVAL INSTITUTE Bravo! We salute those who have provided generous gifts of $10,000 or more during the past year. These gifts reflect donations received as of May 19, 2019. ROUND TOP FESTIVAL INSTITUTE 49th SEASON PArtNER THE BURDINE JOHNSON FOUNDATION HERITAGE CIrcLE H-E-B, L .P. FOUNDERS The Brown Foundation Inc. The Clayton Fund The Estate of Norma Mary Webb BENEFACTORS The Mr. and Mrs. Joe W. Bratcher, Jr. Foundation James C. Dick Mark and Lee Ann Elvig Robert J. Kleberg, Jr. and Helen C. Kleberg Foundation Richard R. Royall V Rose P. VanArsdel SUSTAINERS Blue Bell Creameries, L.P. William, Helen and Georgina Hudspeth Nancy Dewell Braus Luther King Capital Management The Faith P. and Charles L. Bybee Foundation Paula and Kenneth Moerbe Malinda Croan Anna and Gene Oeding Mandy Dealey and Michael Kentor The Gilbert and Thyra Plass Arts Foundation Dickson-Allen Foundation Myra Stafford Pryor Charitable Trust June R. Dossat Dr. and Mrs. Rolland C. Reynolds and Yvonne Reynolds Dede Duson Jim Roy and Rex Watson Marilyn T. Gaddis Ph.D. and George C. Carruthers Tod and Paul Schenck Ann and Gordon Getty Foundation Texas Commission on the Arts Alice Taylor Gray Foundation Larry A. Uhlig George F. Henry Betty and Lloyd Van Horn Felicia and Craig Hester Lola Wright Foundation Joan and David Hilgers Industry State Bank • Fayetteville Bank • First National Bank of Bellville • Bank of Brenham • First National Bank of Shiner ® Bravo! Welcome to the 49th Round Top Music Festival ROUND TOP FESTIVAL INSTITUTE The sole endeavor of The James Dick Foundation for the Performing Arts To everything There is a season And a time to every purpose, under heaven A time to be born, a time to die A time to plant, a time to reap A time to laugh, a time to weep This season at Festival Hill has been an especially sad one with the loss of three of our beloved friends and family.
    [Show full text]
  • EVERGREEN TREES for NEBRASKA Justin Evertson & Bob Henrickson
    THE NEBRASKA STATEWIDE ARBORETUM PRESENTS EVERGREEN TREES FOR NEBRASKA Justin Evertson & Bob Henrickson. For more plant information, visit plantnebraska.org or retreenbraska.unl.edu Throughout much of the Great Plains, just a handful of species make up the majority of evergreens being planted. This makes them extremely vulnerable to challenges brought on by insects, extremes of weather, and diseases. Utilizing a variety of evergreen species results in a more diverse and resilient landscape that is more likely to survive whatever challenges come along. Geographic Adaptability: An E indicates plants suitable primarily to the Eastern half of the state while a W indicates plants that prefer the more arid environment of western Nebraska. All others are considered to be adaptable to most of Nebraska. Size Range: Expected average mature height x spread for Nebraska. Common & Proven Evergreen Trees 1. Arborvitae, Eastern ‐ Thuja occidentalis (E; narrow habit; vertically layered foliage; can be prone to ice storm damage; 20‐25’x 5‐15’; cultivars include ‘Techny’ and ‘Hetz Wintergreen’) 2. Arborvitae, Western ‐ Thuja plicata (E; similar to eastern Arborvitae but not as hardy; 25‐40’x 10‐20; ‘Green Giant’ is a common, fast growing hybrid growing to 60’ tall) 3. Douglasfir (Rocky Mountain) ‐ Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (soft blue‐green needles; cones have distinctive turkey‐foot bract; graceful habit; avoid open sites; 50’x 30’) 4. Fir, Balsam ‐ Abies balsamea (E; narrow habit; balsam fragrance; avoid open, windswept sites; 45’x 20’) 5. Fir, Canaan ‐ Abies balsamea var. phanerolepis (E; similar to balsam fir; common Christmas tree; becoming popular as a landscape tree; very graceful; 45’x 20’) 6.
    [Show full text]
  • York County Natural Areas Inventory
    YORK COUNTY NATURAL AREAS INVENTORY A COMPONENT OF THE YORK COUNTY COMPREHENSIVEPLAN YORK COUNTY NATURAL AREAS INVENTORY York County Planning Commission www.ycpc.org September, 1997 Amended - October 27, 2004 The original Natural Areas Inventory was funded in part by a Keystone, Park and Conservation Fund Program Grant from the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources and a Community Development Block Grant from York County. PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Preface ..................................................................... iii Chapter I - Introduction ..........................................................1 Uses For The York County NAI .............................................3 Chapter II - Natural History Overview of The County ....................................5 Physiography and Geology ..................................................5 Soils ..................................................................6 Vegetation ..............................................................8 Disturbance ............................................................11 Chapter III - Pennsylvania Natural Diversity Inventory Data System ........................13 Natural Areas Inventory Methods ............................................14 Information Gathering .....................................................14 Map and Air Photo Interpretation ............................................14 Field Work ............................................................15 Data Analysis ...........................................................16
    [Show full text]
  • Resistance to Low and Negative Temperatures of Rhododendrons (Rhododendron) in the Botanical Garden of Šiauliai University in 2
    Available online at www.notulaebotanicae.ro Print ISSN 0255-965X; Electronic ISSN 1842-4309 Not. Bot. Hort. Agrobot. Cluj 36 (1) 2008, 59-62 Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca Resistance to Low and Negative Temperatures of Rhododendrons (Rhododendron) in the Botanical Garden of Šiauliai University in 2002-2007 Aurelija MALCIŪTĖ1) , Jonas Remigijus NAUJALIS2) , Antanas SVIRSKIS3) 1) Šiauliai University, Botanical Garden, Paitaičių Str. 4, LT-76284, Šiauliai, Lithuania, e-mail: [email protected] 2) Vilnius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany and Genetics, M. K.Čiurlionio Str. 21/27, LT-03101, Vilnius, e-mail: [email protected] 3) Šiauliai University, Instituto 1, 58344 Akademija, Kėdainių distr., Lithuania, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Rhododendrons are not native to Lithuania, but are often cultivated in botanical gardens, various public and private green plantations. Resistance to low temperatures are among the most important criteria in evaluating the condition of the rhododendron collection in the Botanical Garden of ŠU. The research initiated in the ŠU Botanical Garden will help in the selection and propagation of ornamental and tolerant to low temperatures representatives of species and cultivars, suitable for cultivation in northern Lithuania. Keywords: rhododendron, low temperature, ŠU Botanical Garden Introduction research on the plants of the Rhododendron genus in the region of Žemaitija uplands has been performed yet. Introduction of plants is one of the most important tasks of Botanical Garden of Šiauliai University (further Materials and methods referred as ŠU) which constantly expands the assortment of woody plants and that is the reason for the beginning Resistance to low temperatures are among the most of introduction of the Rhododendrons (Rhododendron L.) important criterion evaluated condition of rhododendrons genus plants.
    [Show full text]
  • National Treasures in PA Backgrounder.Pdf
    Pennsylvania’s National Treasures Nothing captures Pennsylvania’s historic legacy and outdoor splendor like the iconic attractions and national parks spread across the state. In 2016, the parks will become even more magnificent as the National Park Service (NPS) celebrates 100 years. In honor of the Centennial, the NPS launched a program called Find Your Park to encourage travelers to explore everything from iconic battlefields to natural beauty. Pennsylvania’s 18 national parks and 121 state parks boast recreational activities for any season making it the ideal destination to “Find Your Park.” Independence National Historical Park Philadelphia & The Countryside Philadelphia www.nps.gov/inde/index.htm Independence Hall was where the two most important documents in American history were signed - the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution. Visitors can see the Assembly Room where these historic documents were crafted, as well as the original courtroom of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court and the iconic Liberty Bell. Gettysburg National Military Park Dutch Country Roads Gettysburg www.nps.gov/gett/index.htm Gettysburg, Pa., was the site of the bloodiest battle of the American Civil War and played an integral part in this nation’s history. The National Park Service Museum and Visitor Center is the perfect place to start your visit and find important resources on touring the battlefield. Learn about the turning point in the Civil War on a tour with a Licensed Battlefield Guide or freely roam the grounds via bus, bike or horseback. Other Gettysburg destinations like Soldier’s National Cemetery, David Wills House and countless other museums will enthrall visitors for hours.
    [Show full text]
  • USNMP-76 2806 1929.Pdf
    NEW LOWER AND MIDDLE CAJ^IBRIAN CRUSTACEA By Charles E, Resser Associate Curator of Stratigraphic Paleontology INTRODUCTION Among the numerous Cambrian fossils that have been accumulating in the United States National Museum during the last 15 years, there are many undescribed species and some of the specimens are remarkable for the preservation of thin tests or of soft body parts. In order to stimulate further search for the rarer fossils, and par- ticularly for preservations of the softer parts of animals or of delicate plant tissues, it is planned to publish more or less related groups of these animals from time to time. Accordingly, in this paper I have assembled a group of species that centers mainly around the pre- viously described genus Tuzoia, but which also includes several unre- lated forms that were secured from the same localities as the others. This paper thus adds several new species preserving more than ordinarily thin tests of Crustacea and a few with the still softer fleshy parts. Some are from the well known Burgess shale that has already furnished so many interesting animals and plants, but other formations, some of which have not previously been known to yield such fossils, are also represented. This paper also contains information of interest aside from that naturally attaching to any description of the softer parts of such ancient animals, by presenting certain important stratigraphic facts in addition to further data regarding the geographic distribution and origin of the faunas to which these species belong. Acknowledgment.—In the preparation of this paper I was kindly assisted by Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Evergreen Trees and Shrubs
    Taking Another Look . Using Evergreen Trees, Shrubs and Ground Covers to Add Year-Round Interest to Your Landscape When most people hear the word evergreen, they think They come in all shapes — flat, horizontal, pyramid, of a Christmas tree. However, evergreen really refers to rounded, narrow, broad, irregular, and even contorted. any plant — a tree, a shrub or ground cover — that And if you don’t like a plant’s natural shape, there’s keeps the color in its needles or leaves all year long. always pruning. It’s easy to see where the name evergreen comes from! In contrast, deciduous plants lose their leaves once a Foliage color ranges from all shades of green, year in the fall and survive winters by becoming dormant gray-green and blue-green, as well as gold, yellow, (inactive) until spring — like maple trees, for example. cream, purple and red. Check out the new growth on evergreen plants in the springtime. The light shades of Whether considering evergreen trees, shrubs or ground new growth contrasted against the darker older foliage covers, evergreen plants can be divided into two broad are beautiful. categories: 3. Protection for birds. Evergreen trees, such as pines, spruces, and junipers, provide the essential hiding places that birds need for building nests and for shelter from Evergreens with needles winter winds. Common examples: Pine, spruce, juniper, fir and yew 4. Low maintenance and longevity. Once established, many evergreen plants require little maintenance and flourish for years. Evergreens with leaves Called broad-leaved evergreens Have you thought about these ways to use Common examples: Boxwood, evergreen plants? holly, azaleas, rhododendrons, euonymus and English ivy Accent and contrast.
    [Show full text]