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Home , Caledonia State Park, Gettysburg Battlefield, Michaux State Forest, Trolley park

History A Recreational Guide for 1792-1868 run-away slaves north to Greenwood, just west of the park, Caledonia State Park The 1,125-acre Caledonia State Park is in Adams and Called the Great Commoner, Thaddeus Stevens was an to meet the next conductor on the journey to freedom. For Franklin counties, midway between Chambersburg and abolitionist, radical republican and was one of the most this, and Stevens’ tireless fight for equal rights, Caledonia along the , US 30. effective and powerful legislators of the Civil War era. Some State Park is a Path of Freedom site. The park is nestled within South Mountain, the northern historians consider Stevens the de facto leader of the United During the of the American Civil terminus of the well-known Blue Ridge Mountain of States during the presidency of Andrew Johnson. Stevens War, the confederate cavalry of General J.A. Early raided and . Within South Mountain there are became the third person in American history to be given throughout southern Pennsylvania but followed a policy four state parks and 84,000 acres of state forest land waiting the privilege of lying in state in the U.S. Capitol rotunda, to destroy no private property or industry. The cavalry to be explored and enjoyed. The soils on either side of following Senator Henry Clay and President Lincoln. burned and pillaged Caledonia. Early explained his actions, South Mountain are ideal for fruit production, proven by the Born in Caledonia County, , Stevens would face “Mr. Stevens is an enemy of the South. He is in favor of abundance of orchards in the surrounding area. many prejudices for having a club-foot. This and his birth to confiscating their property and arming the Negroes. His a poor family likely forged a lifelong drive to defend the poor property must be destroyed.” Directions and persecuted. After graduation from Dartmouth in 1815, The Confederate army marched through the ruins of Caledonia is at the intersection of US 30 and PA 233. From Stevens moved to York, Pa. to teach, but within a year moved Caledonia on their way to the , then Chambersburg, follow US 30 east 11 miles to the park. to Gettysburg, Pa. to practice law, dabble in real estate and retreated back the same way, followed by the . From Gettysburg, follow US 30 west 15 miles to the park. in 1822, enter the iron business with the opening of Maria With money from Stevens and the help of the Ahl From Harrisburg, follow I-81 53 miles to Chambersburg, Furnace in Fairfield, Adams County. brothers, Cumberland County ironmen, furnace manager then 7.3 miles east on US 30. Finding better iron ore in Franklin County, Stevens built John Sweeney rebuilt the furnace and forge, which a new charcoal iron works, which went into blast in 1837. continued to operate at a reduced capacity until 1870. Reservations The Caledonia Iron Works grew to include the charcoal iron After a nineteen-year estate battle over the Caledonia Make online reservations at www.visitPAparks.com or call furnace, forge, rolling mill, stables, warehouses, blacksmith property, the Diller brothers of Lancaster County purchased toll-free 888-PA-PARKS (888-727-2757), 7 a.m. to shop, sawmill, and tenement houses for the workers and their the iron works in 1887 and operated quarries for ganister 5 p.m., Monday to Saturday, for state park information and families. sand and other minerals. In 1903, the Caledonia Mining reservations. Thaddeus Stevens served in the Pennsylvania General and Manufacturing Company, then owned by a Assembly from 1833 to 1841, where he fought for free, investment group headed by telephone magnate Theodor Recreational Opportunities public education. In 1842, Stevens moved his law practice Vail, sold most of the Caledonia Iron Works lands to the to Lancaster, Pa. where he could make a better living as Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as part of the new Forest Caledonia Lodge: Located along US 30, Caledonia a lawyer and support his iron business interests. Jumping Reserve System. The tracts of cutover forestlands were Lodge is a two-story frame house available for rent year- into politics again, Stevens served in the U.S. House being set aside as a future supply of timber and to be “outing round. The lodge has a modern , closed-in porch, of Representatives from 1849 to 1853 and again from grounds for citizens.” 1½ baths, dining room, living room, central heat and three 1859 to his death in 1868. During his terms in office, The Chambersburg and Gettysburg Electric Railway bedrooms that sleep ten people. Steven championed the passing of three amendments to Company leased the area around the old furnace and HUNTING AND FIREARMS: About 740 acres are the constitution: the 13th, abolition of ; the 14th, blacksmith shop as a trolley park. The company turned open to hunting, trapping and the training of dogs during citizenship and due process; and the15th, the right to vote. the former blacksmith shop into a trolley station and built established seasons. Common game species are deer, rabbit, Even in death Stevens illustrated his principles by choosing amusement rides and a dance pavilion. squirrel and turkey. Hunting is permitted in the adjacent to be buried in a cemetery that accepted people of all races. In 1927, the Pa. Alpine Club, a local hiking group, . The Park reconstructed the old furnace stack as a reduced scale model Hunting woodchucks, also known as groundhogs, is monument to the iron works. CAMPING: modern restrooms with showers While Thaddeus Stevens fought for abolition in Washington prohibited. Dog training is only permitted from the day From 1933 to 1939, young men of camp SP-18-PA of the Tent and trailer sites are available in two campgrounds. The DC, Caledonia Iron Works furnace foreman William following Labor Day through March 31 in designated Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) built many of the roads camping season opens the day before trout season in March Hammett was a conductor for the Underground Railroad. hunting areas. The Department of Conservation and Natural throughout Michaux State Forest and recreational facilities and ends with the conclusion of deer season in December. Hammett would meet a conductor near Pond Bank and guide Resources and the Pennsylvania Game Commission rules and at Caledonia State Park. Both campgrounds have drinking water, showers and flush regulations apply. Contact the park office for ADA accessible For More Information Contact: toilets. A sanitary dump station is available in Hosack Run hunting information. Caledonia State Park Campground. Use extreme caution with firearms at all times. Other 101 Pine Grove Road Chinquapin Hill Campground is nestled on the side of visitors use the park during hunting seasons. Firearms and Fayetteville, PA 17222 a mountain among plenty of shade trees and is close to the archery equipment used for hunting may be uncased and 717-352-2161 swimming pool. Some sites have electric hookups. The park CALEDONIA PUBLIC GOLF COURSE: An 18-hole, par ready for use only in authorized hunting areas during hunting email: [email protected] amphitheater is in this camping area and is accessible to the 68, public golf course is just south of US 30. Constructed seasons. In areas not open to hunting or during non-hunting GPS: Lat. 39.9089 Long. -77.4783 public from the day use parking area. Pets are prohibited in in the late 1920s, the course is the oldest and one of the seasons, firearms and archery equipment shall be kept in the An Equal Opportunity Employer this campground. most scenic courses in south central Pennsylvania. For more owner’s car, trailer or leased campsite. The only exception Hosack Run Campground is one mile from the main information contact, Caledonia Golf Enterprises, Inc., www.visitPAparks.com is that law enforcement officers and individuals with a valid day use area. All sites in this camping area are pet friendly. 9515 Golf Course Road, Fayetteville, PA 17222, Pennsylvania License to Carry Firearms may carry said Information and Reservations This campground has moderately level, open and shaded 717-352-7271. www.caledoniagolfpa.net firearm concealed on their person while they are in the park. Make online reservations at: sites, and many sites have electric hookups. This camping CATHEDRAL IN THE PINES: Caledonia’s Summer www.visitPAparks.com or call toll-free area also has a small playground for children. There are Sunday School dates back to the summer of 1917 when the 888-PA-PARKS (888-727-2757), 7 a.m. to 5 p.m., ADA accessible sites available with a nearby family-assist Manges and Moyer families decided to provide a Sunday Monday to Saturday, for state park information restroom. school for their children and other families’ children who and reservations. ORGANIZED GROUP TENTING: Caledonia offers spent the summer months vacationing at Caledonia, be Printed on recycled paper 2013 5 separate 20-person sites for rent to organized adult and it in tents or the increasing cabin community around the youth groups. This area opens the day before trout season in park. Since 1955, the Franklin County Sunday School March and closes the 4th Sunday in October. There are flush Association has kept the tradition alive and offers outdoor, toilets, picnic tables and fire rings. Advance reservations are nondenominational Sunday school from Memorial Day Protect and Preserve Our Parks Weekend to Labor Day Weekend. All are welcome to attend. required. Caledonia makes a great base for groups touring Please make your visit safe and enjoyable. Obey all posted the Gettysburg National Millitary Park. TOTEM POLE PLAYHOUSE: Since 1952, the Totem Pole rules and regulations and respect fellow visitors and the Playhouse, a summer stock theater, has offered performances Environmental Education and Nearby Attractions resources of the park. during the summer months. Request a schedule of shows by Interpretation Information on nearby attractions is available from the • Be prepared and bring the proper equipment. Natural areas contacting: Totem Pole Playhouse, 9555 Golf Course Road, Franklin County Visitors Bureau, may possess hazards. Your personal safety and that of your P.O. Box 603, Fayetteville, PA 17222, 888-805-7056. A park educator offers programming during the summer FISHING: The East Branch Conococheague and Rocky www.explorefranklincountypa.com family are your responsibility. www.totempoleplayhouse.org season. The history and environment of the area are topics Mountain creeks and Carbaugh Run flow through the park or the Gettysburg Convention and Visitors Bureau. for discovery for park visitors of all ages. Children’s • Alcoholic beverages are prohibited. CALEDONIA ARTS AND CRAFTS FAIR: This event is and the surrounding state forest lands, offering many exciting programs, guided walks and campfire programs are scheduled www.gettysburg.travel places for anglers. Brown trout, rainbow trout, native brook held annually on the second Saturday in July. Join as many as • Please camp only in designated areas and try to minimize throughout the summer season. Program schedules are Michaux State Forest: This 84,000-acre forest trout and some warm-water game fish can be found in these 150 skilled crafts people and artists as they display and sell your impact on the campsite. available at the park office. Special requests are welcome and features hunting, fishing and general outdoor recreation. streams. their creations. may be directed to the park office. 717-352-2211 • Firewood Advisory: Firewood may contain non-native The Thaddeus Steven Blacksmith Shop has operating hours insects and plant diseases. Bringing firewood into the park Gettysburg : This during the summer. Visitors can tour and, on occasion, visit from other areas may accidentally spread pest insects and historic military site is operated by the with a guest blacksmith as he hammers out iron products. diseases that threaten park resources and the health of our and preserves and explains the events that occurred on the The park is also the home of the Pennsylvania Forest Fire forests. Campers should use local firewood. Do not take SWIMMING: The park features a large, ADA during the Civil War. Association Museum, located across from the park office. wood home and do not leave firewood. Burn It! accessible swimming pool with a small snack bar. The pool www.nps.gov/gett is open 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. from the 2nd Saturday in June to • Prevent forest fires by having a fire in proper facilities  Access for People with Disabilities Labor Day, unless posted otherwise. In an Emergency and properly disposing of hot coals. Do not leave a fire This symbol indicates facilities and activities that are unattended. PICNICKING: Oak and pine trees along Conococheague Contact a park employee or dial 911. For directions to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) accessible for Creek shade picnic tables and charcoal grills. Two rustic, nearest hospital, look on bulletin boards or at the park office. • Because uncontrolled pets may chase wildlife or frighten people with disabilities. This publication text is available in CCC-era picnic pavilions may be reserved up to 11 months visitors, pets must be controlled and attended at all times alternative formats. Nearest Hospital in advance for a fee. Unreserved picnic pavilions are free on and on a leash, caged or crated. Pets are prohibited in If you need an accommodation to participate in park Chambersburg Hospital a first-come, first-served basis. swimming areas. activities due to a disability, please contact the park you plan 112 North Seventh Street Chambersburg, PA 17201 • Do your part to keep wildlife wild! Enjoy wildlife from a HIKING: see reverse side to visit. 717-267-3000 safe distance and do not feed or approach wild animals. Hiking: 10 miles of trails CHAMBERSBURG WATER LINE: 1.9 miles, easiest FIRE ROAD TRAIL: 1 mile, more difficult QUARRY GAP ROAD/ TRAIL: 1 mile, most difficult THADDEUS STEVENS HISTORIC TRAIL: 0.8 mile, trail to the AT. This trail is blazed in blue, but white blazes : 1.8 miles in the park, most This park “right-of-way” is perfect for the entire family. Level This is a dirt road that serves as a fire break for the Hike up Quarry Gap Road to the dead end, turn left through easiest appear when the trail merges with the AT at the top of the difficult and grassy, the waterline cuts across the entire park and offers campground and access road for park vehicles. the gates to the Appalachian Trail. Guides are available at the park office for this self-guiding incline. Retrace your steps or make a right onto the AT. The famous 2,186 mile Appalachian Trail (AT) passes through glimpses into the dark and beautiful forest of the park. trail. Step back in time to imagine the bustling community of the park on its way north to Mt. Katahdin in and south MIDLAND TRAIL: 0.7 mile, easiest RACCOON RUN TRAIL: 5 miles, most difficult TROLLEY TRAIL: 0.7 mile, easiest the Caledonia Iron Works. Investigate the blacksmith shop, to Springer Mountain in Georgia. Hiking this section of the CHARCOAL HEARTH TRAIL: 2.7 miles, most difficult Starting at the trailhead kiosk, this trail passes through the This is an old section of the Appalachian Trail that still Although short, this path is suitable for bicycles. This trail millrace, falls, furnace dam and header dam. Start at the AT gives hikers a taste of the terrain of the entire trail. Many This is the longest and most rugged trail in the park. With park near the swimming pool, past the park office and ends connects to the main trail. was once an old trolley grade that brought visitors from scouting groups use this part of the AT as a “shake down” its trailhead at the falls on Thaddeus Stevens Historic Trail, at the old forestry museum building in the organized group trailhead kiosk or at the blacksmith shop. Return to the park Chambersburg to the Caledonia . The old RAMBLE TRAIL: 2.2 miles, more difficult trip before setting out on longer excursions. Visitors can do Charcoal Hearth Trail climbs steeply for 10-15 minutes to tenting area. This uniquely beautiful walk is pleasant and level by way of the Midland Trail which passes by the park office. blacksmith shop once served as the trolley station. CAUTION This wide walking trail begins at the trailhead kiosk and an overnight hike on the AT from Caledonia to Pine Grove Graeffenburg Mountain before leveling off, then decends under a heavy canopy of white pine. This is also a great area THREE VALLEY TRAIL: 0.7 mile, most difficult – for your safety, do not bicycle on US 30. passes through the scenic lowlands of the park then returns to Furnace State Park. The PATC (Potomac Appalachian Trail gradually, ending by a quiet stream near the Furnace Dam and to hear the “flute-like” song of the wood thrush on summer Beginning along Ramble Trail, Three Valley Trail crosses the pool area. In its circular route, the trail follows the millrace WHISPERING PINE NATURE TRAIL: 0.4 mile, easiest Club), an all-volunteer club, maintains this section of the trail pond. On the descent, watch for four historic charcoal hearths late afternoons. over the Chambersburg Water Line and ascends 400 feet up of an old rolling mill and passes the rolling mill falls. The trail Discover the lowland forests of Caledonia State Park on this (noted on the map) and an old wagon road. Keep a watchful Ore Bank Hill to the Appalachian Trail (AT). This trail is Tell us about your hike at: www.explorepatrails.com also passes through one of the oldest white pine plantations in short loop trail that begins along the park road between the eye out for squirrels, chipmunks, birds and deer. maintained by the Potomac Appalachian Trail Club as a side Pennsylvania. This is a great place to see woodland birds. two bridges after passing the park office.

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