Indian Subcontinent 1750-1950 (GC) Instructor: Prof
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Freedom in West Bengal Revised
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ResearchArchive at Victoria University of Wellington Freedom and its Enemies: Politics of Transition in West Bengal, 1947-1949 * Sekhar Bandyopadhyay Victoria University of Wellington I The fiftieth anniversary of Indian independence became an occasion for the publication of a huge body of literature on post-colonial India. Understandably, the discussion of 1947 in this literature is largely focussed on Partition—its memories and its long-term effects on the nation. 1 Earlier studies on Partition looked at the ‘event’ as a part of the grand narrative of the formation of two nation-states in the subcontinent; but in recent times the historians’ gaze has shifted to what Gyanendra Pandey has described as ‘a history of the lives and experiences of the people who lived through that time’. 2 So far as Bengal is concerned, such experiences have been analysed in two subsets, i.e., the experience of the borderland, and the experience of the refugees. As the surgical knife of Sir Cyril Ratcliffe was hastily and erratically drawn across Bengal, it created an international boundary that was seriously flawed and which brutally disrupted the life and livelihood of hundreds of thousands of Bengalis, many of whom suddenly found themselves living in what they conceived of as ‘enemy’ territory. Even those who ended up on the ‘right’ side of the border, like the Hindus in Murshidabad and Nadia, were apprehensive that they might be sacrificed and exchanged for the Hindus in Khulna who were caught up on the wrong side and vehemently demanded to cross over. -
The False Premise of Partition
This article was downloaded by: [Reece Jones] On: 18 August 2014, At: 16:30 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Space and Polity Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cspp20 The false premise of partition Reece Jonesa a Department of Geography, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, 2424 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA Published online: 12 Aug 2014. To cite this article: Reece Jones (2014): The false premise of partition, Space and Polity, DOI: 10.1080/13562576.2014.932154 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13562576.2014.932154 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. -
01720Joya Chatterji the Spoil
This page intentionally left blank The Spoils of Partition The partition of India in 1947 was a seminal event of the twentieth century. Much has been written about the Punjab and the creation of West Pakistan; by contrast, little is known about the partition of Bengal. This remarkable book by an acknowledged expert on the subject assesses partition’s huge social, economic and political consequences. Using previously unexplored sources, the book shows how and why the borders were redrawn, as well as how the creation of new nation states led to unprecedented upheavals, massive shifts in population and wholly unexpected transformations of the political landscape in both Bengal and India. The book also reveals how the spoils of partition, which the Congress in Bengal had expected from the new boundaries, were squan- dered over the twenty years which followed. This is an original and challenging work with findings that change our understanding of parti- tion and its consequences for the history of the sub-continent. JOYA CHATTERJI, until recently Reader in International History at the London School of Economics, is Lecturer in the History of Modern South Asia at Cambridge, Fellow of Trinity College, and Visiting Fellow at the LSE. She is the author of Bengal Divided: Hindu Communalism and Partition (1994). Cambridge Studies in Indian History and Society 15 Editorial board C. A. BAYLY Vere Harmsworth Professor of Imperial and Naval History, University of Cambridge, and Fellow of St Catharine’s College RAJNARAYAN CHANDAVARKAR Late Director of the Centre of South Asian Studies, Reader in the History and Politics of South Asia, and Fellow of Trinity College GORDON JOHNSON President of Wolfson College, and Director, Centre of South Asian Studies, University of Cambridge Cambridge Studies in Indian History and Society publishes monographs on the history and anthropology of modern India. -
Sri Aurobindo and the Cripps Mission to India
Sri Aurobindo and the Cripps Mission to India (March- April 1942) Table of Contents Draft Declaration for Discussion with Indian Leaders 3 Messages of Sri Aurobindo about Sir Stafford Cripps’s Mission 6 Twelve Years with Sri Aurobindo by Nirodbaran (Extracts) 7 The Transfer of Power in India by V.P. Menon, The Cripps Mission 21 Struggle for Freedom by R.C. Majumdar (Extracts) 54 Annexure Mother’s Agenda, Vol 3, November 17, 1962 66 Mother’s Agenda, Vol 4, June 15, 1963 69 Prime Minister Winston Churchill's Announcement 71 Statement and Draft Declaration by His Majesty's Government 74 Sir Stafford Cripps Review of Negotiations 77 Sir Stafford Cripps Statement on India 81 Prime Minister Winston Churchill's Report to the House 86 On Wavell’s and the Cabinet Mission 92 2 Draft of Cripps Declaration for Discussion with Indian Leaders (as published) 30 March 1942 The conclusions of the British War Cabinet as set out below are those which Sir Stafford Cripps has taken with him for discussion with the Indian Leaders and the question as to whether they will be implemented will depend upon the outcome of these discussions which are now taking place. His Majesty's Government, having considered the anxieties expressed in this country and in India as to the fulfillment of the promises made in regard to the future of India, have decided to lay down in precise and clear terms the steps which they propose shall be taken for the earliest possible realisation of self-government in India. The object is the creation of a new Indian Union which shall constitute a Dominion, associated with the United Kingdom and the other Dominions by a common allegiance to the Crown, but equal to them in every respect, in no way subordinate in any aspect of its domestic or external affairs. -
Http//:Daathvoyagejournal.Com Editor: Saikat Banerjee Department Of
http//:daathvoyagejournal.com Editor: Saikat Banerjee Department of English Dr. K.N. Modi University, Newai, Rajasthan, India. : An International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in English ISSN 2455-7544 www.daathvoyagejournal.com Vol.1, No.3, September, 2016 Exploring the Illusive Borderlines: Construction of Identity in the Indian Subcontinent Raj Raj Mukhopadhyay Student, M.A. (II) Department of English VisvaBharati University Email: [email protected] Abstract: The creation of borderlines demarcating the geographical boundary of the state has always problematized the discourse of nation incorporating the issues and debates of race, class, religion and historical events. It is also significant how it presents the ongoing process of the construction of personal ‘identity’ and the cultural determination of one’s selfhood. In the Indian subcontinent, the case is more interesting and complex as nation building takes place in heterogeneous, even fragmented lingual and cultural societies all over our country. The idea of ‘nation’ in the Subcontinent is much complicated, where the question of ethnicity and other forms of religious and political identities play a key role. My paper entitled “Exploring the Illusive Borderlines: Construction of Identity in the Indian Subcontinent” is a very modest attempt to get a glimpse into how the formation of borderlines by the partition of India delineates the construction of racial, religious and cultural ‘identity’ of an individual. This paper aims at studying few short stories like Intizar Husain’s “An Unwritten Epic”, SaadatHasanManto’s “Toba Tek Singh” and films like Vol.1, Issue 3, 2016 Page 67 : An International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in English ISSN 2455-7544 www.daathvoyagejournal.com Vol.1, No.3, September, 2016 SrijitMukherji’s “Rajkahini”, Deepa Mehta’s “Earth”, exploring the inherent complexities that arise while defining one’s identity, which is determined by one’s socio-cultural and religious position. -
The Great Calcutta Killings Noakhali Genocide
1946 : THE GREAT CALCUTTA KILLINGS AND NOAKHALI GENOCIDE 1946 : THE GREAT CALCUTTA KILLINGS AND NOAKHALI GENOCIDE A HISTORICAL STUDY DINESH CHANDRA SINHA : ASHOK DASGUPTA No part of this publication can be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the author and the publisher. Published by Sri Himansu Maity 3B, Dinabandhu Lane Kolkata-700006 Edition First, 2011 Price ` 500.00 (Rupees Five Hundred Only) US $25 (US Dollars Twenty Five Only) © Reserved Printed at Mahamaya Press & Binding, Kolkata Available at Tuhina Prakashani 12/C, Bankim Chatterjee Street Kolkata-700073 Dedication In memory of those insatiate souls who had fallen victims to the swords and bullets of the protagonist of partition and Pakistan; and also those who had to undergo unparalleled brutality and humility and then forcibly uprooted from ancestral hearth and home. PREFACE What prompted us in writing this Book. As the saying goes, truth is the first casualty of war; so is true history, the first casualty of India’s struggle for independence. We, the Hindus of Bengal happen to be one of the worst victims of Islamic intolerance in the world. Bengal, which had been under Islamic attack for centuries, beginning with the invasion of the Turkish marauder Bakhtiyar Khilji eight hundred years back. We had a respite from Islamic rule for about two hundred years after the English East India Company defeated the Muslim ruler of Bengal. Siraj-ud-daulah in 1757. But gradually, Bengal had been turned into a Muslim majority province. -
The Border, City, Diaspora: the Physical and Imagined Borders of South Asia
The Border, City, Diaspora: The Physical and Imagined Borders of South Asia Prithvi Hirani September 28, 2017 Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the Ph.D. Department of International Politics Aberystwyth University 2017 1 Mandatory Layout of Declaration/Statements Word Count of thesis: 83,328 DECLARATION This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature for any degree. Candidate name Prithvi Paurin Hirani Signature: Date 14/02/2018 STATEMENT 1 This thesis is the result of my own investigations, except where otherwise stated. Where *correction services have been used, the extent and nature of the correction is clearly marked in a footnote(s). Other sources are acknowledged by footnotes giving explicit references. A bibliography is appended. Signature: Date 14/02/2018 [*this refers to the extent to which the text has been corrected by others] STATEMENT 2 I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter- library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signature: Date 14/02/2018 NB: Candidates on whose behalf a bar on access (hard copy) has been approved by the University should use the following version of Statement 2: I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter- library loans after expiry of a bar on access approved by Aberystwyth University. Signature: Date 14/02/2018 2 3 Abstract The tussle between borders, identity, and territory continues to dominate politics in postcolonial South Asia. -
3 Who Is Who and What Is What
3 e who is who and what is what Ever Success - General Knowledge 4 Saad Book Bank, Lahore Ever Success Revised and Updated GENERAL KNOWLEDGE Who is who? What is what? CSS, PCS, PMS, FPSC, ISSB Police, Banks, Wapda, Entry Tests and for all Competitive Exames and Interviews World Pakistan Science English Computer Geography Islamic Studies Subjectives + Objectives etc. Abbreviations Current Affair Sports + Games Ever Success - General Knowledge 5 Saad Book Bank, Lahore © ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this book may be reproduced In any form, by photostate, electronic or mechanical, or any other means without the written permission of author and publisher. Composed By Muhammad Tahsin Ever Success - General Knowledge 6 Saad Book Bank, Lahore Dedicated To ME Ever Success - General Knowledge 7 Saad Book Bank, Lahore Ever Success - General Knowledge 8 Saad Book Bank, Lahore P R E F A C E I offer my services for designing this strategy of success. The material is evidence of my claim, which I had collected from various resources. I have written this book with an aim in my mind. I am sure this book will prove to be an invaluable asset for learners. I have tried my best to include all those topics which are important for all competitive exams and interviews. No book can be claimed as prefect except Holy Quran. So if you found any shortcoming or mistake, you should inform me, according to your suggestions, improvements will be made in next edition. The author would like to thank all readers and who gave me their valuable suggestions for the completion of this book. -
The Partitions of British India and Mandatory Palestine, 1937-1948
University of Vermont ScholarWorks @ UVM UVM Honors College Senior Theses Undergraduate Theses 2015 Behind the Lines: The Partitions of British India and Mandatory Palestine, 1937-1948 Jessica Solodkin Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses Recommended Citation Solodkin, Jessica, "Behind the Lines: The Partitions of British India and Mandatory Palestine, 1937-1948" (2015). UVM Honors College Senior Theses. 95. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/95 This Honors College Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Undergraduate Theses at ScholarWorks @ UVM. It has been accepted for inclusion in UVM Honors College Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UVM. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Behind the Lines: The Partitions of British India and Mandatory Palestine, 1937-1948 By Jessica Solodkin Thesis Supervisor: Abigail McGowan Honors College Thesis Department of History University of Vermont December 2015 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements……………………………3 Introduction……………………………………4 Chapter 1: British India………………………19 India Maps………………………………39 Chapter 2: Mandatory Palestine……………...40 Proposal Maps………………………48, 59 Chapter 3: Comparison……………………….63 Conclusion……………………………………92 Bibliography…………………………………..95 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project has taken me on an incredible journey of exploration, discovery, and growth. For the past year and a half, I have gained invaluable skills, knowledge, and created unforgettable memories. This journey, however, would not have been complete without the love and support of my family. Without the guidance, wisdom, encouragement, assistance, and kindness of Professor Abigail McGowan, this project and level of personal growth would not have been as meaningful. Your patience, advice, endless office hours, and investment in me have meant the world to me. -
Introduction to India and South Asia
Professor Benjamin R. Siegel Lecture, Fall 2018 History Department, Boston University T, Th, 12:30-1:45, CAS B20 [email protected] Office Hours: T: 11:00-12:15 Office: Room 205, 226 Bay State Road Th: 11:00-12:15, 2:00-3:15 & by appt. HI234: Introduction to India and South Asia Course Description It is easy to think of the Indian subcontinent, home of nearly 1.7 billion people, as a region only now moving into the global limelight, propelled by remarkable growth against a backdrop of enduring poverty, and dramatic contestations over civil society. Yet since antiquity, South Asia has been one of the world’s most dynamic crossroads, a place where cultures met and exchanged ideas, goods, and populations. The region was the site of the most prolonged and intensive colonial encounter in the form of Britain’s Indian empire, and Indian individuals and ideas entered into long conversations with counterparts in Europe, the Middle East, East and Southeast Asia, and elsewhere. Since India’s independence and partition into two countries in 1947, the region has struggled to overcome poverty, disease, ethnic strife and political conflict. Its three major countries – India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh – have undertaken three distinct experiments in democracy with three radically divergent outcomes. Those countries’ large, important diaspora populations and others have played important roles in these nation’s development, even as the larger world grows more aware of how important South Asia remains, and will become. 1 HI 234 – Course Essentials This BU Hub course is a survey of South Asian history from antiquity to the present, focusing on the ideas, encounters, and exchanges that have formed this dynamic region. -
UPSC GS-III Topic – Radcliffe Line
UPSC Civil Services Examination Subject – UPSC GS-III Topic – Radcliffe Line What is the Radcliffe Line? On 17 August 1947, the borderline that separated India from Pakistan, known as the Radcliffe Line was revealed. The Radcliffe line is spread through the Rann of Kutch in Gujarat till international border in Jammu in Jammu & Kashmir, dividing India and Pakistan into two different countries. Radcliffe divided India into three halves: West Pakistan East Pakistan and India Read to know more about other important boundaries and lines of the world at the linked article. Aspirants can check their preparation by subscribing to UPSC Prelims Test Series 2020 now!! To complement your preparation for the upcoming exam, check the following links: o UPSC Previous Year Question Papers o Current Affairs o UPSC Notes PDF o IAS Mock Tests o NCERT Notes PDF Background to Radcliffe Line (Border Line between India & Pakistan) On this day, the line demarcating India from the newly formed Pakistan after partition was published. It was named after the chairman of the Border Commissions, Sir Cyril Radcliffe. He was a lawyer from England who had no previous knowledge or experience with cartography. This border line is today the international boundary between India and Pakistan on the western side and between India and Bangladesh on the eastern side. Before independence, it was decided to partition India into India and Pakistan for the Hindu and Muslim communities respectively. The provinces of Sindh and Baluchistan with an overwhelming majority of Muslims (more than 70% and 90% respectively) were granted to Pakistan. However, the provinces of Punjab and Bengal only had a marginal majority of Muslims. -
Muslim Communalism Subject
Muslim Communalism Subject: History Unit: Communalism: Ideologies and Practices Lesson: Muslim Communalism Lesson Developer : Prof. P. K. Datta College/Department : Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Delhi Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi Muslim Communalism Table of contents Chapter 11: Communalism: ideologies and practices 11.3: Muslim communalism Summary Exercises Glossary Further readings Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi Muslim Communalism 11.3: Muslim communalism Campaign for purification In the late 18th century, when it was clear that the East India Company was the supreme power in the land, the Muslim elite was struck with anxiety. How could Muslims keep their religion and themselves together under the political domination of a non Islamic power? Especially when ordinary Muslims practiced many of the customs and religious beliefs of their Hindu neighbours? Shah Waliullah (1703-62), a leading alim of Delhi, proposed that Muslims must return to their basic doctrines and customs contained in the Koran and the Hadith (the authoritative sayings of the Prophet). He criticized the popular religious practices of Muslims especially the worship of pirs (saints) and their mazars (sacred tombs) and propagated jihad against the infidel. By purifying their religious practices, it was hoped that Muslims would regain their power. In making it necessary for Muslims to be faithful to the instructions of their scriptures, Waliullah inaugurated what may be called Islamization, that is, the campaign to make all Muslims follow strict Islamic laws and make them feel that they were pure Muslims who were separate from other religious communities. In his days, Waliullah’s teachings were not popular.