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High CO2 Reduces the Settlement of a Spawning Coral on Three Common Species of Crustose Coralline Algae
Vol. 475: 93–99, 2013 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published February 14 doi: 10.3354/meps10096 Mar Ecol Prog Ser High CO2 reduces the settlement of a spawning coral on three common species of crustose coralline algae Christopher Doropoulos1,2,*, Guillermo Diaz-Pulido2,3 1School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia 2Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, Queensland 4072, Australia 3School of Environment and Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia ABSTRACT: Concern about the impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on ecosystem function has prompted many studies to focus on larval recruitment, demonstrating declines in settlement and early growth at elevated CO2 concentrations. Since larval settlement is often driven by particular cues governed by crustose coralline algae (CCA), it is important to determine whether OA reduces larval recruitment with specific CCA and the generality of any effects. We tested the effect of elevated CO2 on the survival and settlement of larvae from the common spawning coral Acropora selago with 3 ecologically important species of CCA, Porolithon onkodes, Sporolithon sp., and Titanoderma sp. After 3 d in no-choice laboratory assays at 447, 705, and 1214 µatm pCO2, the rates of coral settlement declined as pCO2 increased with all CCA taxa. The magnitude of the effect was highest with Titanoderma sp., decreasing by 87% from the ambient to highest CO2 treatment. In general, there were high rates of larval mortality, which were greater with the P. onkodes and Sporolithon sp. treatments (~80%) compared to the Titanoderma sp. treatment (65%). -
Regional Studies in Marine Science Reef Condition and Protection Of
Regional Studies in Marine Science 32 (2019) 100893 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Regional Studies in Marine Science journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/rsma Reef condition and protection of coral diversity and evolutionary history in the marine protected areas of Southeastern Dominican Republic ∗ Camilo Cortés-Useche a,b, , Aarón Israel Muñiz-Castillo a, Johanna Calle-Triviño a,b, Roshni Yathiraj c, Jesús Ernesto Arias-González a a Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Unidad Mérida B.P. 73 CORDEMEX, C.P. 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico b Fundación Dominicana de Estudios Marinos FUNDEMAR, Bayahibe, Dominican Republic c ReefWatch Marine Conservation, Bandra West, Mumbai 400050, India article info a b s t r a c t Article history: Changes in structure and function of coral reefs are increasingly significant and few sites in the Received 18 February 2019 Caribbean can tolerate local and global stress factors. Therefore, we assessed coral reef condition Received in revised form 20 September 2019 indicators in reefs within and outside of MPAs in the southeastern Dominican Republic, considering Accepted 15 October 2019 benthic cover as well as the composition, diversity, recruitment, mortality, bleaching, the conservation Available online 18 October 2019 status and evolutionary distinctiveness of coral species. In general, we found that reef condition Keywords: indicators (coral and benthic cover, recruitment, bleaching, and mortality) within the MPAs showed Coral reefs better conditions than in the unprotected area (Boca Chica). Although the comparison between the Caribbean Boca Chica area and the MPAs may present some spatial imbalance, these zones were chosen for Biodiversity the purpose of making a comparison with a previous baseline presented. -
Evidence from the Polypipapiliotrematinae N
Accepted Manuscript Intermediate host switches drive diversification among the largest trematode family: evidence from the Polypipapiliotrematinae n. subf. (Opecoelidae), par- asites transmitted to butterflyfishes via predation of coral polyps Storm B. Martin, Pierre Sasal, Scott C. Cutmore, Selina Ward, Greta S. Aeby, Thomas H. Cribb PII: S0020-7519(18)30242-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2018.09.003 Reference: PARA 4108 To appear in: International Journal for Parasitology Received Date: 14 May 2018 Revised Date: 5 September 2018 Accepted Date: 6 September 2018 Please cite this article as: Martin, S.B., Sasal, P., Cutmore, S.C., Ward, S., Aeby, G.S., Cribb, T.H., Intermediate host switches drive diversification among the largest trematode family: evidence from the Polypipapiliotrematinae n. subf. (Opecoelidae), parasites transmitted to butterflyfishes via predation of coral polyps, International Journal for Parasitology (2018), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2018.09.003 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Intermediate host switches drive diversification among the largest trematode family: evidence from the Polypipapiliotrematinae n. subf. (Opecoelidae), parasites transmitted to butterflyfishes via predation of coral polyps Storm B. Martina,*, Pierre Sasalb,c, Scott C. -
Metagenomic Analysis Indicates That Stressors Induce Production of Herpes-Like Viruses in the Coral Porites Compressa
Metagenomic analysis indicates that stressors induce production of herpes-like viruses in the coral Porites compressa Rebecca L. Vega Thurbera,b,1, Katie L. Barotta, Dana Halla, Hong Liua, Beltran Rodriguez-Muellera, Christelle Desnuesa,c, Robert A. Edwardsa,d,e,f, Matthew Haynesa, Florent E. Anglya, Linda Wegleya, and Forest L. Rohwera,e aDepartment of Biology, dComputational Sciences Research Center, and eCenter for Microbial Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182; bDepartment of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 3000 North East 151st, North Miami, FL 33181; cUnite´des Rickettsies, Unite Mixte de Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6020. Faculte´deMe´ decine de la Timone, 13385 Marseille, France; and fMathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 Communicated by Baruch S. Blumberg, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, September 11, 2008 (received for review April 25, 2008) During the last several decades corals have been in decline and at least established, an increase in viral particles within dinoflagellates has one-third of all coral species are now threatened with extinction. been hypothesized to be responsible for symbiont loss during Coral disease has been a major contributor to this threat, but little is bleaching (25–27). VLPs also have been identified visually on known about the responsible pathogens. To date most research has several species of scleractinian corals, specifically: Acropora muri- focused on bacterial and fungal diseases; however, viruses may also cata, Porites lobata, Porites lutea, and Porites australiensis (28). Based be important for coral health. Using a combination of empirical viral on morphological characteristics, these VLPs belong to several viral metagenomics and real-time PCR, we show that Porites compressa families including: tailed phages, large filamentous, and small corals contain a suite of eukaryotic viruses, many related to the (30–80 nm) to large (Ͼ100 nm) polyhedral viruses (29). -
Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Research Partnership Quarterly Progress Reports II-III August, 2005-March, 2006 Report submitted by Malia Rivera and Jo-Ann Leong April 21, 2006 Photo credits: Front cover and back cover-reef at French Frigate Shoals. Upper left, reef at Pearl and Hermes. Photos by James Watt. Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Research Partnership Quarterly Progress Reports II-III August, 2005-March, 2006 Report submitted by Malia Rivera and Jo-Ann Leong April 21, 2006 Acknowledgments. Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) acknowledges the support of Senator Daniel K. Inouye’s Office, the National Marine Sanctuary Program (NMSP), the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve (NWHICRER), State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) Division of Aquatic Resources, US Fish and Wildlife Service, NOAA Fisheries, and the numerous University of Hawaii partners involved in this project. Funding provided by NMSP MOA 2005-008/66832. Photos provided by NOAA NWHICRER and HIMB. Aerial photo of Moku o Lo‘e (Coconut Island) by Brent Daniel. Background The Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology (School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa) signed a memorandum of agreement with National Marine Sanctuary Program (NOS, NOAA) on March 28, 2005, to assist the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve (NWHICRER) with scientific research required for the development of a science-based ecosystem management plan. With this overriding objective, a scope of work was developed to: 1. Understand the population structures of bottomfish, lobsters, reef fish, endemic coral species, and adult predator species in the NWHI. -
Genetic Structure Is Stronger Across Human-Impacted Habitats Than Among Islands in the Coral Porites Lobata
Genetic structure is stronger across human-impacted habitats than among islands in the coral Porites lobata Kaho H. Tisthammer1,2, Zac H. Forsman3, Robert J. Toonen3 and Robert H. Richmond1 1 Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States of America 2 Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States of America 3 Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kaneohe, HI, United States of America ABSTRACT We examined genetic structure in the lobe coral Porites lobata among pairs of highly variable and high-stress nearshore sites and adjacent less variable and less impacted offshore sites on the islands of O‘ahu and Maui, Hawai‘i. Using an analysis of molecular variance framework, we tested whether populations were more structured by geographic distance or environmental extremes. The genetic patterns we observed followed isolation by environment, where nearshore and adjacent offshore populations showed significant genetic structure at both locations (AMOVA FST D 0.04∼0.19, P < 0:001), but no significant isolation by distance between islands. Strikingly, corals from the two nearshore sites with higher levels of environmental stressors on different islands over 100 km apart with similar environmentally stressful conditions were genetically closer (FST D 0.0, P D 0.73) than those within a single location less than 2 km apart (FST D 0.04∼0.08, P < 0:01). In contrast, a third site with a less impacted nearshore site (i.e., less pronounced environmental gradient) showed no significant structure from the offshore comparison. Our results show much stronger support for environment than distance separating these populations. -
Florida Keys…
What Do We Know? • Florida Keys… − Stony coral benthic cover declined by 40% from 1996 – 2009 (Ruzicka et al. 2013). − Potential Driving Factor? Stress due to extreme cold & warm water temperatures − Stony coral communities in patch reefs remained relatively constant after the 1998 El Niño (Ruzicka et al. 2013). − Patch reefs exposed to moderate SST Carysfort Reef - Images from Gene Shinn - USGS Photo Gallery variability exhibited the highest % live coral cover (Soto et al. 2011). Objective To test if the differences in stony coral diversity on Florida Keys reefs were correlated with habitats or SST variability from 1996 - 2010. Methods: Coral Reef Evaluation & Monitoring Program (CREMP) % coral cover 43 species DRY TORTUGAS UPPER KEYS MIDDLE KEYS LOWER KEYS 36 CREMP STATIONS (Patch Reefs (11), Offshore Shallow (12), Offshore Deep (13)) Methods: Sea Surface Temperature (SST) • Annual SST variance were derived from weekly means. • Categories for SST variability (variance): • Low (<7.0°C2) • Intermediate (7.0 - 10.9°C2) • High (≥11.0°C2) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) SST data Vega-Rodriguez M et al. (2015) Results 1 I 0.5 Acropora palmata I s i Millepora complanata x Multivariate Statistics A l a Acropora c i Agaricia agaricites n o Pseudodiploriarevealed clivosa cervicornisthat stonycomplex n a C 0 Porites astreoides Madracis auretenra h t i coral diversity varied w Diploria labyrinthiformis Agaricia lamarcki n o Siderastrea radians i t Porites porites a l e significantly with r r Orbicella annularis o C -0.5 Pseudodiploriahabitats strigosa Colpophyllia natansStephanocoenia intercepta Montastraea cavernosa Siderastrea siderea Canonical Analysis of Principal Coordinates (CAP) -1 0.6 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 Correlation with Canonical Axis I ) % 0.4 7 6 . -
Bleaching and Recovery of Five Eastern Pacific Corals in an El Niño-Related Temperature Experiment
BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 69(1): 215–236, 2001 BLEACHING AND RECOVERY OF FIVE EASTERN PACIFIC CORALS IN AN EL NIÑO-RELATED TEMPERATURE EXPERIMENT Christiane Hueerkamp, Peter W. Glynn, Luis D’Croz, Juan L. Maté and Susan B. Colley ABSTRACT Coral bleaching events have increased in frequency and severity, due mainly to el- evated water temperature associated with El Niño-related warming and a general global warming trend. We experimentally tested the effects of El Niño-like sea temperature conditions on five reef-building corals in the Gulf of Panama. Branching species (Pocillopora damicornis and Pocillopora elegans) and massive species (Porites lobata, Pavona clavus and Pavona gigantea) were exposed to experimentally elevated seawater temperature, ~1–2∞C above ambient. Differences in zooxanthellate coral responses to bleaching and ability to recover were compared and quantified. All corals exposed to high temperature treatment exhibited significant declines in zooxanthellae densities and chlorophyll a concentrations. Pocilloporid species were the most sensitive, being the first to bleach, and suffered the highest mortality (50% after 50 d exposure). Massive coral species demonstrated varying tolerances, but were generally less affected. P. gigantea exhibited the greatest resistance to bleaching, with no lethal effects observed. Maximum experimental recovery was observed in P. lobata. No signs of recovery occurred in P. clavus, as zooxanthellae densities and chlorophyll a concentrations continued to decline under ambient (control) conditions. Experimental coral responses from populations in an upwelling environment are contrasted with field responses observed in a nonupwelling area during the 1997–98 El Niño–Southern Oscillation event. A variety of stressors can lead to coral bleaching, the whitening of coral tissue, a prob- lem that threatens reefs worldwide. -
Pseudosiderastrea Formosa Sp. Nov. (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Scleractinia)
Zoological Studies 51(1): 93-98 (2012) Pseudosiderastrea formosa sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Scleractinia) a New Coral Species Endemic to Taiwan Michel Pichon1, Yao-Yang Chuang2,3, and Chaolun Allen Chen2,3,4,* 1Museum of Tropical Queensland, 70-102 Flinders Street, Townsville 4810, Australia 2Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei 115, Taiwan 3Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan Univ., Taipei 106, Taiwan 4Institute of Life Science, National Taitung Univ., Taitung 904, Taiwan (Accepted September 1, 2011) Michel Pichon, Yao-Yang Chuang, and Chaolun Allen Chen (2012) Pseudosiderastrea formosa sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Scleractinia) a new coral species endemic to Taiwan. Zoological Studies 51(1): 93-98. Pseudosiderastrea formosa sp. nov. is a new siderastreid scleractinian coral collected in several localities in Taiwan. It lives on rocky substrates where it forms encrusting colonies. Results of morphological observations and molecular genetic analyses are presented. The new species is described and compared to P. tayamai and Siderastrea savignyana, and its morphological and phylogenic affinities are discussed. http://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/51.1/93.pdf Key words: Pseudosiderastrea formosa sp. nov., New species, Scleractinia, Siderastreid, Western Pacific Ocean. A siderastreid scleractinian coral was Pseudosiderastrea, described as P. formosa sp. collected from several localities around Taiwan nov. and nearby islands, where it is relatively rare. The specimens present some morphological similarities with Pseudosiderastrea tayamai Yabe MATERIAL AND METHODS and Sugiyama, 1935, the only species hitherto known from that genus, and with Siderastrea Specimens were collected by scuba diving at savignyana Milne Edwards and Haime, 1849, Wanlitung (21°59'48"N, 120°42'10"E) and the outlet which is the sole representative in the Indian of the 3rd nuclear power plant (21°55'51.38"N, Ocean of the genus Siderastrea de Blainville, 120°44'46.82"E) on the southeastern coast 1830. -
Biological Environmental Survey in Cat Ba Island
Biodiversity International Journal Research Article Open Access Biological environmental survey in Cat Ba Island Abstract Volume 2 Issue 2 - 2018 Cat Ba Island has a significant biodiversity value as it is home to a number of rare and endangered species of plants and animals, with the world’s rarest primates the Golden- Doan Quang Tri,1,2 Tran Hong Thai2 headed Langur. According to the study results, Cat Ba place have listed 2,380 species of 1Ton Duc Thang University, Vietnam animals and plants including: terrestrial plants 741 species; living animals in the forest area 2 Vietnam Meteorological and Hydrological Administration, 282 species; mangrove plants 30 species; seaweeds 79 species; phytoplankton 287 species; Vietnam plank tonic animals 98 species; sea-fish 196 species; corals 154 species. It is identified as one of the areas of highest biodiversity importance in Vietnam and is recognized as a high Correspondence: Doan Quang Tri, Sustainable Management of priority for global conservation. Natural Resources and Environment Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Keywords: mangrove, seagrass, coral reef, phytoplankton, cat ba island Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Email [email protected] Received: December 04, 2017 | Published: March 28, 2018 Introduction the richest marine biological system because of its diversity in the North of Vietnam.3‒7 Biosphere reserves Cat Ba Island has been recognized as a UNESCO World on December 02nd, 2004. It is the 4th world’s biosphere reserve in Vietnam. Biosphere reserves Cat Ba archipelago including great majority of Cat Ba Island in Cat Hai district, Hai Phong city, Vietnam. -
Settlement of Larvae from Four Families of Corals in Response to a Crustose Coralline Alga and Its Biochemical Morphogens Taylor N
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Settlement of larvae from four families of corals in response to a crustose coralline alga and its biochemical morphogens Taylor N. Whitman1,2, Andrew P. Negri 1, David G. Bourne 1,2 & Carly J. Randall 1* Healthy benthic substrates that induce coral larvae to settle are necessary for coral recovery. Yet, the biochemical cues required to induce coral settlement have not been identifed for many taxa. Here we tested the ability of the crustose coralline alga (CCA) Porolithon onkodes to induce attachment and metamorphosis, collectively termed settlement, of larvae from 15 ecologically important coral species from the families Acroporidae, Merulinidae, Poritidae, and Diploastreidae. Live CCA fragments, ethanol extracts, and hot aqueous extracts of P. onkodes induced settlement (> 10%) for 11, 7, and 6 coral species, respectively. Live CCA fragments were the most efective inducer, achieving over 50% settlement for nine species. The strongest settlement responses were observed in Acropora spp.; the only non-acroporid species that settled over 50% were Diploastrea heliopora, Goniastrea retiformis, and Dipsastraea pallida. Larval settlement was reduced in treatments with chemical extracts compared with live CCA, although high settlement (> 50%) was reported for six acroporid species in response to ethanol extracts of CCA. All experimental treatments failed (< 10%) to induce settlement in Montipora aequituberculata, Mycedium elephantotus, and Porites cylindrica. Individual species responded heterogeneously to all treatments, suggesting that none of the cues represent a universal settlement inducer. These results challenge the commonly-held notion that CCA ubiquitously induces coral settlement, and emphasize the critical need to assess additional cues to identify natural settlement inducers for a broad range of coral taxa. -
2.02 Rajasuriya 2008
ARJAN RAJASURIYA National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency, Crow Island, Colombo 15, Sri Lanka [email protected]; [email protected] fringing and patch reefs (Swan, 1983; Rajasuriya et al., 1995; Rajasuriya & White, 1995). Fringing coral reef Selected coral reefs were monitored in the northern, areas occur in a narrow band along the coast except in western and southern coastal waters of Sri Lanka to the southeast and northeast of the island where sand assess their current status and to understand the movement inhibits their formation. The shallow recovery processes after the 1998 coral bleaching event continental shelf of Gulf of Mannar contains extensive and the 2004 tsunami. The highest rate of recovery coral patch reefs from the Bar Reef to Mannar Island was observed at the Bar Reef Marine Sanctuary where (Rajasuriya, 1991; Rajasuriya, et al. 1998a; Rajasuriya rapid growth of Acropora cytherea and Pocillopora & Premaratne, 2000). In addition to these coral reefs, damicornis has contributed to reef recovery. which are limited to a depth of about 10m, there are Pocillopora damicornis has shown a high level of offshore coral patches in the west and east of the recruitment and growth on most reef habitats island at varying distances (15 -20 km) from the including reefs in the south. An increase in the growth coastline at an average depth of 20m (Rajasuriya, of the calcareous alga Halimeda and high levels of 2005). Sandstone and limestone reefs occur as sedimentation has negatively affected some fringing discontinuous bands parallel to the shore from inshore reefs especially in the south. Reef surveys carried out areas to the edge of the continental shelf (Swan, 1983; for the first time in the northern coastal waters around Rajasuriya et al., 1995).