COOPERATIVE NATIONAL PAkh RESOURCES STUDIES UNIT Hawaii

Technical Report No, 5

REVISED CHECK-LIST OF VASCULAR RWTS OF

HAWAII VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK

F. R. Fosberg

Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20550

University of Hawaii

Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit

April, 1975 Preface

The following list is part of a manifold approach to identifying the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park plant populations, determining which are endemic ind which exotic, and go on to developing an understanding of why some of the former are rare or endangered species. After completion of both the present text and the text for Vol. 1, no. 1, of the serial Allertonia, Rare and Endangered Species of Hawaiian Vascular Plants by Drs. F. R. Fosberg and Derral Herbst, permission was given by Dr. Fosberg for the insertion of an asterisk, *, in front of these species in the following list which are also listed in the Allertonia publication. Determining the status of these plants in the Park so designated in the list by asterisks thus becomes of prime importance. Some may prove to be neither rare nor endangered. Precautions are wise in considering varieties and forms, some of which are rare and have not been recognized in the Park as yet. It is anticipated that ultimately management practices will result that will facilitate the Park Service's achieving its objectives in respect to protection and interpretation. Throughout the work of the UH/CPS-unit and even before, Dr. Fosberg has been the principal taxonomist associa~edwiththis work in the Park, though several others have participated very vigorously and effectively. Four from the University of Hawaii must be mentioned individually. Among them first would be Dr. Charles H. Lamoureux and secondly the currently unfinished floristic activity of Dr. William Theobald. The basic preparation of the present list and changes in it through various stages of editing have been the work of Ms. G. Virginia Carey of the Hawaii IBP project directed by Dr. Dieter Mueller-Dombois. A large number of graduate students and others are constantly making contributions to our knowledge of the plants of the Park and it is anticipated distribution of the present list will stimulate these activities. At one time it had been planned to include a check-list of the ferns but that is not possible at this time.

Maxwell S. Doty, Director REVISED CHECK-LIST OF VASCULAR PLANTS OF HAWAII VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK

by F. R. Fosberg

In 1966 F. R. Fosberg revised Fagerlund and Mitchell's 1944 check- list of vascular plants of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. It was published in the "Atlas for Bioecology Studies in Hawaii Volcanoes

National Park," Hawaii Botanical Science Paper No. 2, Department of

Botany, University of Hawaii. The present list is a further revision of the 1966 check-list.

Later, the 1966 list was put on a magnetic disk at the University of

Hawaii's computing center for storage and continuous revision. From time to time revisions and additions were made by myself and others.

Additional species were reported by Dr. Garrett Smathers, Dr. Charles

Lamoureux, Frederick Warshauer and perhaps others. Mrs. Sarah Wirawan and Ms. Virginia Carey brought the list into accord with St. John's list (List and Summary of the Flowering Plants in the Hawaiian Islands).

The present list is based on a printout from the disk, made in

December 1974. I have gone over this critically, bringing it into accord with my present knowledge and concepts.

It will be noticed that some names are not those used in St. John's list. This is due to differences in generic and species concepts, mostly matters of opinion. It may also be noted that certain plants are included that occur in the vicinity of the Park, from the Kilauea Forest Reserve, from the

Keeau Rain Forest and from gardens close enough to tke Park so they may likely spread into the Park. It is thought that the list may be more useful this way.

The present list is arranged alphabetically by families, by genera under the families, and by species under the genera. This may facilitate the use of the list by non-botanically trained users.

The same symbols are used as in the 1966 list tc indicate whether the plants are endemic in Hawaii (E), indigenous but not endemic (I), introduced by the Polynesians (P), or introduced in post-European time (X). An asterisk (*) is used to designate rare and endangered plants.

I wish to thank Ms. Sandra Yamashiro and Ms. G. Virginia Carey for putting the list in machine-readable form and for putting the data onto a computer disk. This was done under the supervision of Dr. Dieter

Mueller-Dombois as an adjunct to the Island Ecosystems IRP under the

~S/~nternationalBiological Program (NSF Grant No. GB 23230). My own part in the revision is as a collaborator of the University of Hawaii

Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, with assistance from a

Smithsonian Institution Research Awards Grant.

December 15, 1974 ACANTHACEAE X JUSTICIA BETONICA Lo

A1 ZOACEAE X YESEMBRYANTHEMUM SPo I SESUVIUM PORTULACASTRUM (Lo) Lo X TETRAGONIA TETRAGONIOIDES (PALLAS) KTZEo

AMARANTHACEAE X AMARANTHUS TRICOLOR Lo X AMARANTHUS VIRIDIS Lo E CHARPENT IERA OBOVATA GAUD- E CHARPENTIERA OROVATA X OVATA E NOTOTRICHIUM SANDWICENSE (GRAY) HBD-

AM4RYLLI DACEAE X AGAVE RIGIDA VARo SISALANA IPERRo) ENGELHo X HIPPEASTRUM X JOHNSONIX BURY X NARCISSUS SPe

ANACARDIACEAE X MANGIFERA INDICA Lo E RHUS JAVANICA Le X SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS RADDI

APOCYNACEAE E ALYXIA OLIVIFORMIS GAUD* X CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS (Lo) Go DON * E OCHROSIA COMPTA KO SCHUM- X PLUMERIA RIJBRA L. * E RAUVOLFIA SANDUICENSIS Ao DCo X VINCA MAJOR L.

AQUIFOLIACEAE E ILEX ANOMALA H. & Ao X ILEX AQUIFOLIUM Lo

ARACEAE X ANTHURIUM SP. P COLOCASIA ESCULENTA (Lo) SCHOTT X ZANTEDESCHIA AETHIOPICA (Lo) SPRENGo

ARALIACEAE E CHEIRODENDRON TRIGYNUM (GAUDo) HELLER X HEDERA HELIX Lo E REYNOLDSIA SANDWICENSIS GRAY X SCHEFFLERA ACTINOPHYLLA (ENDLO) HARMS E TETRAPLASANDRA HAWAIENSIS GRAY

ARAUCARI ACEAE X ARAUCARIA HETEROPHYLLA ISALISBe) FRANC0

ASCLEPIADACEAE X ASCLEPIAS CURASSAVICA Lo X GOMPHOCARPUS PHYSOCARPUS Eo MEY-

RALSAMINACEAE X IMPATIENS SULTAN1 I HOOK* Fo BEGONIACEAE X BEGONIA FUCHSIOIDES HOOK. X BEGONIA SEMPEKFLORENS LINK t OTTO X BEGONIA SP.

B IGNON IACEAE X JACARANDA ACUTIFOLIA HUMB. t BONPLt

BORAGINACEAE X AMSINCKIA INTERMEDIA FISCH. G HEY* P CORDIA SURCORDATA LAM. X CYNOGLOSSUM ZEYLANICUM VAHL EX LEHM. X HELIOTROPIUM ARBORESCENS L. * I HFL IOTROPI UM CURASSAVICUM L. X MYOSOTIS AZORICA H. C. MATS* EX HOOK* X TOURNEFORTIA ARGENTEA L. F.

BUXACEAE X BUXUS SEMPERVIRENS Lo

CAMPANULACE AE X TRIODANIS BIFLORA (R. t Po) GREENE

CANNACEAE X CANNA (ORNAMENTAL HYBRID) X CANNA INDICA L.

ZAPPAR IDACEAE E CAPPARIS SANDWICHIANA OC.

CAPRIFOLIACEAE X LONICERA JAPONICA THUNB. X SAMRUCUS MEXICANA VAR- BIPINNATA (SCHLECHT. L CHAM.) SCHWERIN

CAR ICACEAE X CARICA PAPAYA L.

CARYOPHYLLACEAE X CERASTIUY VULGATUM Lo X DIANTHUS BAHBATUS Lo X DIANTHUS CARYOPHYLLUS 1. X DIANTHUS CHINENSIS Lo X DRYMARIA CORDATA (L.1 WILLDO EX Re & S* X POLYCARPON TETRAPHYLLUH (Lo) L. X SILENE GALLICA L. F SILENE HAWAI IENSIS SHERFF X STELLARIA MEDIA (L.1 VILLARS

CELASTRACEAE E PERROTTETIA SANDWICENSIS GRAY

CHENOPODI ACEAE X BETA VULGARIS VAR. CICLA Lo X BETA VULGARIS VAR. CRASSA ALEF. X CHENOPOOIUM ALBUM Lo X CHENOPODIUM AMRROSIOIDES Lo COMHEL INACEAE X COMMECINA DIFFUSA BURH. F.

CDMPOSITAF X ACANTHOSPERMUM AUSTRALE ILOEFL.) KTZE. X ACHILCEA MILLEFOLIUM L. X AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L, X ANTHEMIS COTULA L. *E ARGYROXIPHIUM SANDWICENSE DC. X ARTEMISIA VULGARIS L, ASTER SP, X BIDENS CYNAPIFOLIA HBK. X BIDENS PILOSA VAR. MINOR (BL.1 SHERFF X BIDENS PILOSA L. VAR. PILOSA *E BIDENS SKOTTSBERGII SHERFF X CENTAUREA CYANUS Lo X CFNTAUREA MELITENSIS Lo X CHRYSANTHEMUM FRUTESCENS Lo X CHRYSANTHEMUM MAXIMUM RAM. X CIRSIUM VULGARE (SAVI) TENORE X CONYZA BON4RIENSIS (Lo) CRONQ. X CONYZA CANADFMSIS (Lo) CRONQ. X COREOPSIS LANCEOLATA Lo X COSMOS BIPINNATUS CAV. X DAHLIA EXCELSA BENTH, X DAHLIA PINNATA CAV. E DUBAUTIA CILIOLATA (DC.1 KECK E DUBAUTIA LINEARIS (GAUD.) KECK E DURAUT IA SCABRA (DC-1 KECK E DUBAUT [A SCARRA VAR. MUYROI (SHERFF) KECK E DUBAUTIA X VAFRA (DEG. C SHERFF) KECK X EMILIA JAVANICA IBURM. F.) C. 8- ROBINS. X ERECHTITES HIERACIFOLIA (L.1 RAFo X FRECHTITFS VALERIANIFOLIA (WOLF) DCo X ERIGERDN KARVINSKIANUS DC. X EUPATORIUM RIPARIUH REGEL X FILAGO GALLICA Lo X GAILLARDIA PULCHELLA VAR. PICTA (SWEET) GRAY X GALINSOGA PARVIFLORA CAV. X GERBERA JAMESONI BOLUS E GNAPHALIUM HAWAIIENSE DEG. G SHERFF X GNAPHAL IUM JAPONICUM THUNB. X GNAPHALIUM PURPUREUM Lo *E GNAPHACIUM SANDWICENSIUH VAR. KILAUEANUH DEG. & SHERFF X HELICHRY SUM BRACTEATUM IVENT ANDRm X HYPOCHOERIS GLABRA Lo X HYPOCHOERIS RADICATA Lo X LACTUCA SATIVA Lo *E LIPOCHAETA SUCCULENTA VAR, DECURRENS (GRAY) SHERFF X PLUCHEA CAROLINENSlS (JACQ.1 Go DON X SENECIO MIKANIOIDES OTTO EX WALP. X SENECIO SYLVATICUS Lo X SOLIDAGO ALTISSIHA Lo X SONCHUS ASPER (Lo) HILL X SONCHUS OLERACEUS Lo X STOKESIA LAEVIS (HILL) GREENE X TAGETES ERECTA Lo COMPOSI TAE X TAGETES PATULA Lo E TETRIMOLOPIUM HUMILE (GRAY) HBD. E TETRAMOLOPIUM HUMILE VAR, SKflTTSBERGII SHERFF X VERNONII CINEREA VAR* PARVIFLORA (REINW*) Dc* X XANTHIUM ITALICUM L. X YOUNGIA JAPONICA (Lo1 DC* X ZINNIA ELEGANS JACQ*

CONVOLVULACEAE E CUSCUTA SANDWICHIANA CHOISY p IPOMOFA BATATAS (Lo1 POIR* 1 IPOYOEA INOICA IRURM.) MERR. I IPOMOEA PES-CAPRAE SSP. BRASILIENSIS (L. 1 V* OOSTSTR. E JACQUEMONTIA SANDWICENSIS GRAY X MERREMIA AEGYPTIA (L.) URBAN X STICTOCARDIA CAMPANULATA (Lo1 MERR.

CRASSULACEAE X KALANCHOE TUBIFLORA IHARV.) HAHET X SEMPERVIVUM TECTORUM Lo

CRUCIFERAE X BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS L. X BRASSICA CHINES15 Lo X BRASSICA JUNCEA (Lo) CZERNJ* C COSS* X BRASSICA NIGRA (L.1 KOCH X BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR* BOTRITIS Lo X BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR* CAPITATA Lo X BRASSICA RAPA L. X CARDAMINE FLEXUOSA F* UMBROSA (GREN* t GODR.) 0s E. SCHULZ X CORONOPUS DIDYMUS (Lo) SM. X IBERIS SP. X LEPIDIUM VIRGINICUM Lo X LOBULARIA MARITIMA (Lo1 DESV. X MATTHIOLA SP. I NASTURTIUM SARMENTOSUH (DC.) SCHINZ & GUILLAUMIN X RAPHANUS SATIVUS Lo X RAPHANUS SATIVUS VAR. LONGIPINNATUS BAILEY X SISYHBRIUM ALTISSIMUM Lo X SISYMBRIUM OFFICINALE (La) SCOP*

CUCURR ITACEAE X CUCUMIS SAT IVUS Lo X CUCURBITA PEP0 Lo *E SICYOS HILLEBRANDII ST* JOHN E SICYOS MICROCARPUS MANN

CUPRESSACEAE X JUNIPERUS BERMUOIANA Lo X THUJA ORIENTALIS L.

CYPERACEAE X BULBOSTYLIS CAPILLARIS (Lo1 C. 8. CLARKE E CAREX ALLIGATA F* BOOTH I CAREX MACLOVIANA D'URV* E CAREX WAHUENSIS VAR. RUBIGINOSA R. W* KRAUSS CYPERACEAE X CYPERUS ALTERNIFOLIUS Lo X CYPERUS BREVlFOL IUS I ROTTB-) HASSK* X CYPERUS COMPRESSUS Le E CYPERUS HILLEBRANDII BOECKL. I cYPEeus JAVANICUS HOUTT. I CYPERUS LAEVIGATUS L. *E CYPERUS PHLEOIDES VAR. HAWAIENSIS (MANN) KUEK. I CYPERUS POLYSTACHYUS ROTTB. X CYPFRUS ROTUNDUS L. I ELEOCHARI S OBTUSA (WILLDO SCHULT* I FIMRRISTYLIS CYMOSA VAR. PYCNOCEPHALA (HBD.) Fe BR. I FIMRRISTYLIS DICHOTOMA (Lo1 VAHL F FIMBRISTYLIS HAWAIIENSIS HRDe I MACHAER INA ANGUST IFOL IA (GAUD. 1 KOYAMA E MACHAERINA GAHNIAEFORMIS (GAUD.) KERN I MACHAERINA MARISCOIDES SSP, MEYENII (KUNTHI KOYAHA E ORFOBOLUS FURCATUS MANN I RHYNCHOSPORA GLAUCA VAR. CHINENSIS (BOECKL.) C. 8. CLARKE E RHYNCHOSPORA LAVARUM GAUD* I UNCINIA UNCINATA (Lo Fe) KUEK.

DIOSCOREACEAE P DIOSCOREA ALATA Lo

DIPSACACEAE X SCABIOSA SP.

EBENACEAE E DIOSPYROS FERREA VAR* PUBESCENS (SKOTTSBe) FOSB. E DIOSPYROS FERREA VAR. SANDWICENSIS (A, DC.) BAKH.

ELAEAGNACEAE X ELAEAGNUS UMBELLATA THUNR-

EPACRIDACEAE E STYPHELIA DOUGLAS11 (GRAY I F. MUELL, EX SKOTTSB. E STYPHELIA TAMEIAMEIAE (CHAM.) Fo MUELL.

ER ICACEAE X RHODODENDRON INDICUM (Lo) SWEET E VACCINIUM CALYCINUM F. FAURIEI (LEVL,) SKOTfSB. E VACCINIUM PAHALAE SKOTTSB. E VACCINIUH PELEANUM SKOTTSB* E VACCINIUM RETICULATUM SM.

EUPHORBI ACEAE P ALEURITES MOLUCCANA (Lo) UILLD. E ANTIOESMA PLATYPHYLLUM MANN E ANTIDESMA PULVINATUM HBD. E EUPHORBIA CELASTROIDES VAR. AMPLECTENS SHERFF E FUPHOQBIA CF. OLOWALUANA SHERFF X EUPHORBIA HIRTA Le X EUPHORRIA PROSTRATA AIT. X EUPHORBI A PULCHERRIMA HILLD. EX KLOTZSCH X EUPHORBIA THYMIFOLIA Lo X JATROPHA CURCAS L. EUPHORBI ACEAE X PHYLLANTHUS DEBILIS KLEIN EX HILLD* X RICINUS COMMUNIS Lo

FLACOURTIACEAE X DORY AL IS HEBECARPA (GARON. ) WARB. *E XYLOSMA HAWAI IENSE VAR. HILLEBRANDI I IHAWRA) SLEUMER

GENT1 ANACEAE X CENTAURIUM UMBELLATUH GILIB.

GERANIACFAE X ERODIUM CICUTARIUM (Lo) L'HER. EX AIT. X GERANIUY CAROL INIANUM VAR. AUSTRALE (BENTH. FOSB* E GERANIUM CUNEATUM VAR. HYPOLEUCUM GRAY X GERANIUM DISSECTUM C. X PELARGONIUM GRAVEOLENS (THUNB.) L'HER* X PELARGONIUM HORTORUM BAILEY

GESNERIACEAE *E CYRTANDRA GIFFARDII ROCK *E CYRTANDRA LYSIOSEPALA (GRAY) C. B* CLARKE *E CYRTANDRA MONTIS-COA ROCK E CYRTANDRA PACUDOSA GAUD. *E CYRTANDRA PLATYPHYLLA GRAY *E CYRTANDRA RAMOSISSIMA ROCK

GOODENIACEAE E SCAEVOLA CHAMISSONIANA VAR. BRACTEOSA HBD, E SCAEVOLA KILAUEAE DEG. 1 SCAEVOLA TACCADA (GAERTN.1 ROXB.

GRAM 1NE AE X AGROSTIS AVENACEA GMEL. E AGROSTIS SANDWICENSIS HBD. X AGROSTIS STOLONIFERA Le X AIRA CARYOPHYLLFA Lo X AIRA ELEGANS WILLD. EX GAUDIN X ANDROPOGON GLOMFRATUS IWALT*) B.S.P. X ANDROPOGON PERTUSUS IL.) UILLD* X ANDROPOGON VIRGINICUS Lo X ANTHOXANTHUM ODORATUH LI X ARUNDINARIA Sf. 7 X AVENA FATUA L* X AVENA SATIVA Lo X AXONOPUS AFFINIS CHASE X BRACHI ARIA HUTICA (FORSK, 1 STAPF X RRIZA MINOR Lo X BROMUS CATHARTICUS VAHL X BROMUS COHMUTATUS SCHRAD* X BROMUS MADRITENSIS Lo X BRflMUS MOLLIS Lo X BROYUS RIGIDUS ROTH X BROYUS SFCALINUS Lo X BROMUS STERILIS Le X CENCHRUS ECHINATUS Co VAR. ECHINATUS I CFNCHRUS FCHINATUS VAR. HILLERRANDIANUS (HITCHC.) F* BR* GRAMINEAE X CHLORIS BARBATA SW, X CHLORIS GAYANA KUNTH X CHRYSOPOGON ACICULATUS (RETZ. I TRIN* X COIX LACHRYMA-JOB1 L. X CYNDDCIN DACTYLON (L.) PERS. X DACTYLIS GLOMERATA Le X DACTYLflCTENIUM AEGYPTIUM (Lo) WILLOs E DESCHAMPSIA AUSTRALIS NEES EX STEUD. F. AUSTRALCS E DESCHAYPSIA AUSTRALIS VAR. NUBIGENA (HBD.1 SKOTTSB* X DIGITARIA CILIARIS KOEL. X DIGITARIA FUSCESCENS (PRESLI HENRe X DIGITARIA SANGUINALIS (L.1 HEIST. IN SCOP. X DIGITARIA SETIGERA R* & So X DIGITARIA VIOLASCENS LINK X ECHINOCHLOA CRUSPAVONIS (HBK.1 SCHULT* X ELEUSINE INDICA (L-I GAERTNs X ELYMUS TRITICOIDES BUCKLs X ERAGROSTIS BROWNEI (KUNTHI NEES E ERAGRDSTIS GRANDIS HBD. VAR. GRANOIS X ERAGROSTIS PECTINACEA (MICHXoI NEES X ERAGROSTIS TENELLA (Le) REAUVO E ERAGROSTIS VARIABILIS (GAUD.) HBD. X FESTUCA DERTONENSIS (ALL,) ASCHERS* & GRAEBN. X FESTUCA MEGALURA NUTT. X FESTUCA MYUROS L, X FFSTUCA OCTAFLORA WALT, X GASTRIDIUM VENTQICOSUM (GOUAN) SCHINZ & THELL. I HETERDPGGON CONTORTUS (Lo) BEAUV. EX Rs & So X HOLCUS LANATUS Lo X HORDEUM MURINUM L. X HflRDEUM VULGARE Ls X HYPARRHENIA RUFA (NEES) STAPF E ISCHAEMUM RYRONE (TRIN.1 HITCHC. E ISACHNE DISTICHOPHYLLA HUNRO EX HBO. X LDLIUM MULTIFLORUM LAM. X MELIYIS MINUTIFLORA BEAUV* X MICROLAENA STIPOIDES (LABILL.) R. 8R. X OPLISMENUS HIRTELLUS (L-1 BEAUV. *E PANICUM COLLIE1 ENDL. X PANICUM OICHOTOMIFLORUH HICHXs X PANICUM MAXIMUM JACQ, *E PAN1 CUM NEPHELOPHILUM GAUD- *€ PANICUM PELLITUM TRIN* X PANICUM REPENS Lo E PANICUM TENUIFOLIUM H. & As E PANICUM XEROPHILUM (HBD-1 HITCHC* X PASPALUM CONJUGATUM BERG- X PASP4LUM DILATATUM POIR. X PASPALUM ORBICULARE FORST. Fo X PASPALUM URVILLEI STEUD. X PENNISETUM CLANDESTINUM HOCHST. EX CHIOV. X PENNISFTUM PURPUREUM SCHUMACH. X PENNISETUM SETACEUM (FORSK.) CHIOV. X PHALARIS TURERClSA Lo X PHLEUM PRATENSE Lo X POA ANNUI Lo GRAM1 NEAE X POA PRATENSIS L. X POLYPOGON MONSPEL IENSIS (L.1 DESF. P SACCHPHUM DFFICINARUM L. X SACCIOLEPIS INDICA (Lo) CHASE X SECALE CEREALE L, X SETARIA GENICULATA (POIR.) BEAUV- X SETARIA PALMAEFDLIA IKOEN. STAPF X SETARIA SPHACELATA (SCHUM.) STAPF E C. E. HUBB. EX Me R. MOSS X SPOROROLUS AFRICANUS I POIR.) ROBYNS & TOURNAY X SPOROROLUS OIANDER (RETZ.) REAUV. X SPOROBOLUS FERTILIS (STEUO.) W. 0. CLAYTON X STENOTAPHRUM SECUNDATUM (WALT.) KTZE* X TRICHOLAENA ROSEA NEES F TRISETUM GLOMERATUM (KUNTH) TRIN. X TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.

GUTT IFERAE X HYPERICUM OEGENERI FOSB. X HYPERICUM MOSERIANUH ANORE X HYPERICUM MUTILUM L.

HAMAMEL IDACEAE X LIQUIDAMBAR STYRACIFLUA Lo

IRIDACEAE X FREESIA REFRACTA IJACQ.) KLATT X GLADIOLUS PRIMULINUS BAKER X GLADIOLUS PSITTPCINUS HOOK* X IRIS CF. GERHANICA Lo *E SISYRINCHIUY ACRE MANN X SISYRINCHIUM MICRANTHUM CAV* X TIGRIDIA PAVONIA VAR. WATYINSONII (PAXToJ BAILEY X TRITONIA CROCOSMIFLORA NICHOLS* X WATSONIA IRIDIFOLIA VAR. O'BRIENI No €0 BR.

JUNCACE AE X JUNCUS BUFONIUS 1- X JUNCUS PLANIFOLIUS Re BR. X JUNCUS TENUI S HILLD. X JUNCUS XIPHIOIDES VAR. TRIANDRUS ENGELM* E LUZULA HAWAIIENSIS BUCH*

LABIATAE X COLEUS SCUTELLARIOIDES (Lo) BENTH. X LEONURUS SIBIRICUS La X MENTHA PIPERITA Lo *E PHYLLOSTEGIA FLORIBUNOA BENTH- *E PHYLLOSTEGlA VESTITA BENTH. I PLECTRANTHUS PARVIFLORUS WILLD- X SALVIA COCCINEA JUSS. EX HURR* X SALVIA LEUCANTHA CAV. X SALVIA OCCIDENTALIS SW* X SALVIA SPLENDENS VAR. 4TROPURPUREA HORT. *E STENOGYNE ANGUST IFOLIA VAR. SALICIFOLIA SHERFF E STENOGYNE CALdMINTHOIDES GRAY *E STENOGYNE KAALAE VAR- CORIACEA DEG. & SHERFF LABIATAE *E STENOGYNE RUGOSA BENTH, F. RUGOSA *E STFNOGYNE SCROPHULARIOIDES VAR. BIFLORA SHERFF *E STENOGYNE SESSILIS BENTH-

LAURACEAE I CASSYTHA FILIFORNIS Lo X PERSEA AMERICANA HILL-

LEGUMINOSAE X ABRUS PRECATORIUS L. X AChCIA DEALBATA LINK F ACACIA KOA VAR, HAWAIIENSIS ROCK X CAESALPINIA BONDUC (La) ROXBe X CAJANUS CAJAN (La) MILLSP, *E CANAVALIA KAUENSIS ST. JOHN X CASSIA BICAPSULARIS La X CASSIA FLORIBUNDA CAW* t CASSIA GAUDICHAUDIt He C Am X CASSIA LECHENAULT IANA OC, X CASSIA OCCIDENTALIS La X CROTALARIA INCAMA La X CROTALARIA PALLIOA AIT X CYTISUS SCOPARIUS IL.1 LINK X DESMODIUM CAJANIFOLIUH IHBKm) OCo X DESMODIUM CANUM (GMELe) SCHINZ C THELL- X DESMODIUM TORTUOSUM (SHa) OC, X DESMODIUM TRIFLORUM (La) OCe X DESMODIUM UNCINATUM (JACQe) OCe X nIOCLEA WILSON11 STANDL- X DOLICHOS LABLAB Le E ERYTHRINA SANDWICENSIS OEG- X INDIGOFERA SUFFRUTICOSA MILL0 X INDIGOFERA TINCTORIA L. X LATHYRUS ODORATUS Le X LEUCAENA LABISILIQUA (L.1 GILLIS C STEARN X LUPINUS SP. X HEDICAGO POLYMORPHA Le X MELILOTUS INDICA (L.1 ALL. X MIMOSA PUDICA Lo I MUCUNA GIGANTEA (MILLO*) OCm X PHASEOLUS SP, X PISUN SATIVUH La X PITHECELLOBIUM DULCE (ROXB-1 BENTH* X PROSOPIS PALLIDA (HUMB. C BONPL* EX wILLD~)HBK- *E SESBANlA TOMENTOSA Ho C A, *E SnPHORA CHRYSOPHYLLA (SALISBmI SEEM- X TAMARINDUS INOICA Le *I TEPHROSIA PISCATORIA PERSe X TRIFOLIUM ARVENSE L* X TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE Lm X TRIFOLIUM PKOCUYBENS L* X TRIFOLIUH REPEMS Lo X VICIA SATIVA La X WISTERIA SPe LILIACEAE X AGAPANTHUS AFRICANUS (L-1 HOFFMANNSEGG X ALLIUM PORKUM Lo X ALLIUM SPe X ASPARAGUS OFFICINALIS VAR. ALTILIS Le X ASPARAGUS SETACEUS (KUNTH) JESSOP E ASTELIA MENZIESIANA SMo P CORDYLINE FRUTICOSA (L.1 CHEV. E DIANtLL4 SANDHICENSIS H. & A. *F DRAC4ENA HAWAIIENSIS (DEGo) FOSB. X HEMEROCALL15 AURANTIACA VAR. MAJOR BAKER X HEYEROCALLIS FULVA VAR. KWANSO REGEL X KNIPHOFIA UVARIA (Lo) HOOK. X LILIUY LONGIFLORUM VAR. EXIMIUH (LEM.1 NICHOLS. X PHORMIUM TENAX J. Re & Go FORST. F SMILAX SANDWICENSIS KUNTH X YUCCA FILAMENTOSA Lo

LOBELIACEAE E CLERMONTIA COERULEA HBD. E CLERMONTIA HAWAIIENSIS (H8D.I ROCK E CLERMONTIA MONTIS-LOA ROCK E CLERMONTIA MONTIS-LOA F. GLOBOSA ROCK E CLERMONTIA PARVIFLORA GAUD. EX GRAY E CLERMONTIA PELEANA ROCK E CYANEA DENSIFLORA (ROCK) ROCK E CYANEA FLORIBUNDA E. WIHM. E CYANEA LONGIPEDUNCULATA ROCK E TREYATOLOBELIA MACROSTACHYS (Ha C A.1 ZAHLBR.

LOGAN1ACEAE X BUODLEJA ASIATICA LOUR. X BUDDLEJA DAVID1 I FRANCH. E LABORDIA HEDYOSMIFOLIA VAR. GRAYANA (HBD.1 SHERFF *E LABORDIA HEDYOSMIFOLIA VAR. KILAUEANA SHERFF *E LABORDIA HEDYOSMIFOLIA VAR. MAGNIFOLIA DEG. C SHERFF X POLYPREHUM PROCUMBENS Lo

LORANTHACEAE E KORTHALSELLA COHPLANATA (V. TIEGH. 1 ENGLER

LYTHRACEAE X CUPHEA CARTHAGENENSIS (JACQ.1 MACBRIDE X CUPHEA HYSSOPIFOLIA HBK. X CUPHEA IGNEA A. DCe X LYTHRUM MARITIMUM HBK.

HALVACEAE X ABUTILON GRANDIFOLIUM (WILLD.1 SWEET X ARUTILON PICTUM GILL- EX UALP. X ALCEA ROSEA Lo *E HIBISCADELPHUS GIFFARDIANUS ROCK *E HIBISCADELPHUS HUALALAIENSIS ROCK X HIE1SCUS ROSA-SINENSIS Lo I HIBISCUS TILIACEUS Lo *E KOKIA DRYNARIOIDES (SEEMe) LEWT. X MALVA PARVIFLORA L. MALVACEAE X MALVASTRUM COROHANDELIANUH (L.1 GARCKE X MODIOLA CAROLINIANA (Lo) Go DON I SIDA FALLAX HALP. ISENSU LATO) X SIDA RHOMBIFOLIA L. I THESPESIA POPULNEA (Lo) SOLANDO EX CORREA

MELASTOMACEAE X HETEROCENTRON SUBTRIPLINERVIUM (LINK & OTTO) Ao BRo & BDUCHE X MELASTOMA MALABATHRICUM Lo X TIBOUCHINA URVILLEANA (DC. 1 COGNo

IqEL IACEAE X MFLIA AZEDARACH Lo

MEN CSPERMACFAE E COCCULUS FERRANDIANUS GAUD.

MORACEAE P ARTOCARPUS ALT tiIS ( PARKINS. 1 FOSB. P BROUSSONETIA PAPYRIFERA (Lo) VENT* X FICUS CARICA L. X FICUS PUMILA L. X MORUS ALBA F. TATARICA (Lo) LOUDON

MYDPORACEAE E YYOPORUM SANDWICENSE GRAY

MYRICACEAE X MYRICA FAYA AITo

HYRSINACEAE X AROISIA CRtSPA (THUNB*) A-DC. *F EMBELIA PACIFICA HBD. E MYRSINE LANAIENSIS HBO. E MYRSINE LESSERTIANA A, DC. E MYRSINE SANDWICENSIS Ao DC.

MYRTACEAE X CALLISTEMON RIGIDUS R. BRo X EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS LABILL. X EUCALYPTUS ROBUSTA SH, X EUGENIA CUMIN1 1L.l DRUCE X EUGENIA JAMBOS Lo P EUGENIA MALACCENSIS Lo X LEPTOSPERMUH SCOPARIUH J. Re & Go FORST. E METROSIDEROS COLLINA VAR. IYCANA (LEVLO) ROCK E METROS IDEROS COLLI NA VAR. MACROPHYLLA ROCK E METROSIDEROS COLLINA VARo NUDA X PSIDIUM CATTLEIANUM SABINE X PSIDIUM GUAJAVA Lo

NYCTAGINACEAE I BOERHAVIA REPENS Lo I BDERHAVIA SPo X BOUGAINVILLEA GLABRA CHOISY X MIRABILIS JALAPA Lo NYCTAGINACEAE E PISONIA UMBELLIFERA [J. Ro C Go FORST.) SEEM*

OLEACEAE X JASMINUM HUMILE Lo X JASMINUM MULTIFLORUM (BURN. F-1 ANOR- X L IGUSTRUM OVAL IFOL IUM HASSK. X L IGUSTRUM VULGARE Lo X LINOCIFRA LIGUSTRINA SW. E OSMANTHUS SANDWICENSIS (GRAY) KNOBLO

ONAGRACEAE X EPILOBIUM CINEREUM A. RICH* X FUCHSIA ARRDRESCENS SIMS X FUCHSIA MAGELLANICA VAR. DISCOLOR BAILEY X FUCHSIA X HYBRIDA HORT. EX VILM. X LUDWIGlA PALUSTRIS (Lo) ELL. X OENOTHERA LACINIATA HILL X OENOTHERA SPECICISA VAR. CHILDSII (BAILEY) MUNZ X OENOTHERA STRICTA LEOEB-

ORCHIDACEAE *E ANOECTOCHILUS SANDVICENSIS LINDL. X ARUNDINA RAMBUSAEFOLIA (ROXB.1 LINOL* *E LIPARIS HAWAIENSIS MANN X PHAIUS TANKERVILLIAE (BANKS EX L'HER-) BL. X SPATHOGLOTTIS PLICATA BL.

OXAL IOACEAE X OXALIS CORNICULATA (SENSU LATO) Lo X OXALIS MARTIANA ZUCC.

PALMAE P COCOS NUCIFERA Lo E PRITCHARDIA BECCARIANA ROCK E PRITCHARDIA SP.

PANDANACEAE E FREYCINETIA ARBOREA GAUD- E PANDANUS TECTORIUS PARKINS.

PAPAVERACEAE E ARGEMONE GLAUCA POPE X ESCHSCHOLTZIA CALIFORNICA CHAM.

PASSIFLORACEAE X PASSIFLORA EDULIS SINS X PASSIFLORA FOETIDA Lo X PASSIFLORA LIGULARIS JUSS.

PHYTOLACCACEAE E PHYTOLACCA SANOUICENSIS ENDLO

PIPERACEAE E PEPEROMIA COOKIANA C. OC. E PEPESOMIA EXPALLESCENS C. DC- *E PFPEROMIA EXPALLESCENS VAR. BREVI PILOSA YUNCKER PIPERACEAE E PEPEROMIA HAWAIENSIS C. OC. E PEPEROMIA HYPOLEUCA MIQ. *E PEPEROMIA HYPOLEUCA VAR, PLUVIGAUDENS (C. DC.) YUNCKER E PEPFKOMIA LATIFOLIA MIQe l PEPFROMIA LEPTOSTACHYA H. & A. *E PEPEROMIA LILIFOLIA VAR, OBTUSATA YUNCKER E PFPFROMIA MACRAEANA C. DC. E PEPEROMI A MEMBRANACEA VAR. PUUKUKUIANA YUNCKER I PEPEROMIA TETRAPHYLLA (FORST. Fa) Ha & A. 1 PEPEROMIA TETRAPHYLLA VAR. PARVIFOLIA (C. DC.) OEG. & DEG.

PITTOSPORACEAE E PITTOSPORUM CONFERTIFLORUN GRAY E PITTOSPORUM HOSMERI VAR. LONGIFOLIUM ROCK >kE PITTOSPORUM HOSMERI VAR. SAINT-JOHN1 I SHERFF E PITTOSPORUM SULCATUH VAR. REMYI SHERFF E PITTOSPORUM TERMINAL1 01DES PLANCH. EX GRAY X PITTOSPORUM TOBIRA (THUNB.) AIT. F. X PITTOSPORUH UNDULATUM VENT.

PLANTAGINACEAE X PLANTAGO AUSTRALIS LAM- X PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA L. X PLANTAGO MAJOR Lo

PLUHSAGINACEAE I PLUMBAGO ZEYLANICA Lo

PODOCARPACEAE X PODOCARPUS JAVANICUS (BURM. Fo) MERR.

POLEMONIACEAE X PHLOX DRUMMONDI I HOOK.

POLYGONOCEAE X MUEHLENRECKIA AXILLARIS (HOOK. F.) WALP. X POLYGONUM CAPITATUM HAM. EX DON X RHEUM RHAPONTICUM Le X RUMEX ACETOSELLA Lo X RUMEX CRISPUS Lo E RUMEX GIGANTEUS AIT.

PORTULACACEAE E PDRTULACA CYANOSPERMA EGLER *E PORTULACA HAWAIIENSIS OEG. X PORTULACA OLERACEA Lo *E PORTULACA SCLEROCARPA GRAY

PRIMULACEAE X ANAGALLIS ARVENSIS L.

PROTEACEAE X GREVILLEA ROBUSTA A. CUNN. X MACADAMIA TERNIFOLlA VAR. INTEGRIFOLIA (MAIDEN t BETCHEl MAIDEN t 8ETCHE RANUNCULACEAE X ANEMONE HUPEHENSIS (LEN. & LEN. Fa) LEN. & LEHe F. X DELPHINIUM SP. X RANUNCULUS MURICATUS Lo X RANUNCULUS REPENS Le

RESEDACEAE X RESEDA SP.

RHAMNACEAE fcE ALPHITONIA PONDEROSA HBD*

ROSACEAE X COTONEASTER PANNOSA FRANCH. X CYDONIA OBLONGA MILL. X ERIOBOTRYA JAPDNICA ITHUNB.1 LINDLe X FRAGARIA VESCA F. ALBA 1EHRH.J RYDB. E OSTEOMELES ANTHYLLIDIFOLIA LINDL* X PRUNUS PERSICA 1L.J BATSCH. X PYRACANTHA ANGUSTIFOLIA (FRANCH-1 SCHNEID. X PYRACANTHA CRENATI-SERRATA (HANCE) REHD. X ROSA LAEVIGATA MICHX. X ROSA MULTIFLORA THUNB. X ROSA RUBRIFOLIA VlLLe X ROSA SP, X ROSA X POLYANTHA HORT. X RUBUS ELLIPTICUS SMe E RUBUS HAWAIIENSIS GRAY E RUBUS MACRAEI GRAY X RUBUS PENETRANS BAILEY X RUBUS ROSAEFOLIUS SHe X RUBUS ULMIFOLIMS VARe INERMIS (WILLDO) FOCKE X SPIRAEA CANTONIENSIS LOUR- X SPIRAEA JAPONICA Lo F.

RUR IAt EAE *E BOBEA TIMONIOIDES (HOOK- Fel HBDe I CANTHIUH DOORATUM [FORST. Fe) SEEM* E COPROSYA ERNODEOIDES GRAY *E COPROSMA MENZIESII GRAY E CDPRDSMA MONTANA HBD. *E COPROSMA OCHRACEA VAR. ROCKIANA OLIVER E COPROSMA RHYNCHOCARPA GRAY E GOULDIA TERMINALIS F. ACUTA FOSBe *E GOULDIA TERMINALIS Fe ANTIQUA FOSB. E GOULDIA TERHINALIS Fa KAUENSIS FOSBe E GOULDIA TERMINALIS Fe KONAENSIS FOSBe E GOULOIA TERHINALIS Fe KONAENSIS X F* RIGIDIFOLIA E GOULDIA TERMINALIS F. PITTOSPOROIDES FOS8. E GOULDIA TERMINALIS F. RIGIDIFOLIA FOS8, *E GOULDIA TFRMINALIS VAR. FORBES11 FOSB. *E GOULDIA TERMINALIS VAR* HOSAKAE FOSB- E HEDYOTIS CENTRANTHOIDES Fe CENTRANTHOIDES IH, E A*) STEUD- E HEDYOTIS CENTRANTHOIDES VAR* CENTRANTHOIDES Fe DIFFUSA FOSB. X LUCULIA GRATISSIMA SWEET P MORINDA CITRIFOLIA Lo X PENTAS LANCEQLATA (FORSKe) K. SCHUM. RUBIACEAE E PSYCHOTRIA HAHAIIENSIS (GRAY) FOSB. VAR, HAHAIIENSIS E PSYCHOTRIA HAWAIIENSIS VAR. HILLEBRANDII (ROCK) FOS8. X R ICHARDIA BRASIL IENSI S GOMEZ

RUTACEAE X CITRUS LIMONIA OSBECK X CITRUS SINENSIS (L.1 OSBECK E PELEA CLUSIAEFOLIA VAR. CUNEATA ST, JOHN & HUME *E PELEA HAHAiENSIS VAR, GAUDICHAUDII (ST. JQHNl STONE E PELEA PSEUOOANISATA VAR. OBLANCEOLATA (ST. JOHN) STONE E PELEA PUAULUENSIS ST* JOHN E PFLFA RADIATA ST, JOHN *E PELEA ZAHLBRUCKNERI ROCK *E ZANTHOXYLUM DIPETALUM VAR. GEMINICARPUM ROCK *E LANTHOXYLUM HAWAIIENSE HBD. *E ZANTHOXYLUM MAVIENSE MANN *E ZANTHOXYLUM MAViENSE VAR, ANCEPS F, PETIOLULATA ROCK

SANTALACEAE E SANTALUM ELLIPTICUM VAR, PANICULATUM (Ha & AoI FOSB-

SAP1 NDACEAE X CARDIOSPERMUM HALICACABUM L, *E DODONAEA ERIOCARPA SM. E DODONAEA SANDWICENSIS SHERFF I SAPINDUS SAPONARIA Lo

SAXIFRAGACEAE E BROUSSAiSIA ARGUTA GAUD. X ESCALLONIA MACRANTHA He & A. X HYDRANGEA MACROPHYLLA (THUNB.) SER* X PHILADELPHUS SP.

SCROPHULARI ACEAE X ANTIRRHINUM MAJUS Lo X ASARINA ERUBESCENS 100 DON) PENNELL X DIGITALIS PURPUREA Lo X HEBE X ANDERSON11 (LINDL. & PAXT,) COCK, X LINARIA BIPAHTITA WILLD. X LINARIA TEXANA SCHEELE X LINDERNIA CRUSTACEA (Lo) F. HUELL X ORTHOCARPUS PURPURASCENS BENTH. X PENSTEMON COBAEA NUTT. X VERBASCUM VIRGATUM STOKES EX WITH- X VERONICA PLEBEIA R, BR* X VERONICA SALICIFOLIA FORST F. X VERONICA SERPYLLIFOLIA La

SOLANACEAE X CESTRUM AURANTIACUH LINDL. X CESTRUM NOCTURNUH L- X NICANDRA PHYSALODES (Lo) GAERTN* X NICOTIANA TABACCUM Lo *E NOTHOCESTRUM RREVIFLORUH GRAY E NOTHOCESTRUM LONGIFOLIUH GRAY X PHYSALIS PERUVIANA Lo SOL ANACE AE X SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L. X SOLANUM MURICATUM AIT- I SOLANUM NIGRUM L. (SENSU LATO) X SOLANUM PSEUDO-CAPSICUM L. X STREPTOSOLEN JAMESONI (BENTH.) MIERS

STERCULIACEAE I WALTHERIA INDICA VAR. AMERICANA (Lo) R. BR. EX HOSAKA

TAXODIACEAE X CRYPTOMERIA JAPONICA (Lo F.1 Do DON X CUNNINGHAMIA LANCEOLATA (LAMB.) HOOK.

THEACEAE X CAMELLIA JAPONICA L. *F EURYA SANDWICENSIS GRAY

THY MELEACEAE E WIKSTROEMIA PHILLYROEFOLIA GRAY VAR. PHILLYROEFOLIA E WIKSTROEMIA PHILLYROEFOLIA VAR. BUXIFOLIA (GRAY) SKOTTSB. E WIKSTROEMIA SANDWICENSIS MEISN. IN A. OC.

TRO PAEOLACE AE X TROPAEOLUM MAJUS Lo

UMBELL IFERAE X APIUM GRAVEOLENS L. X APIUM PETROSELINUM Lo X CENTELLA ASIATICA (Lo) URBAN X DAUCUS CAROTA L. X DAUCUS PUSILLUS HICHX. - X HYDROCOTYLE BOWLESIOIDES MATH. & CONST. X HYDROCOTYLE VERTICILLATA THUNB* X PASTINACA SATIVA L. % SPERMOLEPI S HAWAI IENSIS WOLFF

URTICACEAE *E NNEAUDIA OVATA GAUD. X PILEA MICROPHYLLA (Lo1 LIEBM- E PIPTURUS ALBIDUS (He & A*) GRAY jy URERA SANDVICENSIS WEDO.

VERBENACEAE X LANTANA CAMARA VAR. ACULEATA (Lo) MOLD* X LANTANA MONTEVIOENSIS (SPRENG.1 BRIQ. X STACHYTARPHETA DICHOTOMA (R. & P.) VAHL X VERRENA LITORALIS HBK. X VERBENA X HYBRIDA VOSS

VIOLACEAE X VIOLA ODORATA Lo

VITACEAE X VITIS SP* ZINGIBERACEAE X ALPINIA PURPURATA (VIEILL.) K. SCHUH. X HEOYCHIUY CORONARIUM KOENIG X HEDYCHIUM FLAVESCENS CAREY X HEDYCHIUM GARDNERIANUM ROSCOE