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Appendix 1 Food and Nutrition Board, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Recommended Dietary Allowances, Revi

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Appendix 1 Food and Nutrition Board, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Recommended Dietary Allowances, Revi Appendix 1 Food and Nutrition Board, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Recommended Dietary Allowances, a Revised 1989 Designed for the maintenance of good nutrition of practically all healthy people in the United States Fat-Soluble Vitamins Water-Soluble Vitamins Minerals Vita- Vila- Vita- Vi",- Vi",- Thia- Ribo­ Vi",­ Fo- Vila­ CaI- PIIos- Magne- Sele­ Weight" Height" Age (years) Protein min A min D min E min K min C min flavin Niacin min 8 6 lale min 8 12 cium phoros sium Iron Zinc Iodine nium Category or Condition (kg) (Ib) (em) (in) (g) (II RE)' (lIg)" (mg a-n)' (lIg) (mg) (mg) (mg) (mg NE)' (mg) ()1g) (lIg) (mg) (mg) (mg) (mg) (mg) (mg) ()1g) Infants O.O-U.5 6 13 6U 24 13 375 7.5 30 ~ M 0.3 25 0.3 400 300 40 6 40 10 0.5-1.0 9 20 71 28 14 375 10 4 10 35 M ~ 0.6 35 0.5 600 500 60 10 50 IS Children 1-3 13 29 9U 35 16 400 (() 6 15 40 ~ U 9 1.0 50 0.7 800 800 80 10 10 70 20 4-6 20 44 112 44 24 sao \0 7 20 45 09 1.1 12 1.1 75 1.0 800 800 120 10 10 90 20 7-10 28 62 132 52 28 700 10 30 45 I~ 12 13 1.4 100 1.4 800 800 170 10 10 120 30 Males 11-14 45 99 157 62 4S 1000 10 10 45 SO 13 1.5 17 1.7 ISO 2.0 1200 1200 270 12 15 150 40 15-18 66 145 176 69 59 1000 \0 (() 65 60 1.5 1M 20 2.0 200 2.U 1200 1200 400 12 IS 150 50 19-24 72 160 177 70 58 1000 10 10 70 60 1.5 I~ 19 2.0 200 2.0 1200 1200 350 10 IS 150 70 25-50 79 174 176 70 63 1000 5 10 80 60 1.5 I~ 19 2.0 200 2.0 800 800 350 10 IS 150 70 ~ 51+ 77 170 173 68 63 1000 10 80 60 12 IA 15 2.0 200 2.0 800 800 350 10 IS 150 70 Females 11-14 46 101 IS7 62 46 800 10 45 50 1.1 1.3 15 1.4 150 2.0 1200 1200 280 IS U ~ ~ 15-18 55 120 163 64 44 800 10 55 60 1.1 1.3 15 1.5 180 2.0 1200 1200 300 IS U 150 50 19-24 58 128 164 65 46 800 10 60 60 1.1 1.3 15 1.6 180 2.0 1200 1200 280 IS U 150 ~ 25-50 63 138 163 64 SO 800 5 65 60 1.1 1.3 15 1.6 180 2.0 800 800 280 IS 12 150 ~ 51+ 65 143 160 63 SO 800 65 60 1.0 1.2 13 1.6 180 2.0 800 800 280 10 U 150 ~ Pregnant 60 800 10 10 65 70 1.5 1.6 17 2.2 400 2.2 1200 1200 320 30 15 175 6S Lactating I s1 6 months 65 1300 10 12 65 95 1.6 1.8 20 2.1 280 2.6 1200 1200 355 IS 19 200 7S 2nd 6 months 62 1200 10 II 65 90 1.6 1.7 20 2.1 260 2.6 1200 1200 340 IS 16 200 7S 'The allowances, expressed as average daily intakes over time, are intended to pages 16-17). The use of these figures does not imply that the height-to-weight provide for individual variations among most nonnal persons as they live in the ratios are ideal. United States under usual environmental stresses. Diets should be based on a variety 'Retinol equivalents. I retinol equivalent = I (Jg retinol or 6 (Jg of P-carotene. of common foods in order to provide other nutrients for which human requirements See text for caculation of vitamin A activity of diets as retinol equivalents. have been less well defined. See text for detailed discussion of allowances and of "As cholecalciferol. 10 (Jg cholecalciferol = 400 IV of vitamin D. nutrients not tabulated. '0:-Tocopherol equivalents. I mg 0-0: tocopherol = I a-TIl. See text for variation 'Weights and heights of Reference Adults are actual medians for the U.S. popula­ in allowances and calculation of vitamin E activity of the diet as a-tocopherol equiva­ tion of the designated age, as reported by NHANES II. The median weights and lents. heights of those under 19 years of age were taken from Hamill et al. (1979) (see 'I NE (niacin equivalent) is equal to I mg of niacin or 60 mg of dietary tryptophan. Appendix 2 Estimated Safe and Adequate Daily Dietary Intakes of Selected Vitamins and Mineralsa Vitamins Age Biotin Pantothenic Category (years) (/Lg) Acid (mg) Infants 0-0.5 10 2 0.5-1 15 3 Children and 1-3 20 3 adolescents 4-6 25 3-4 7-10 30 4-5 11+ 30-100 4-7 Adults 30-100 4-7 Trace Elementsb Age Cu Mn F Cr Mo Category (years) (mg) (mg) (mg) (/Lg) (/Lg) Infants 0-0.5 0.4-0.6 0.3-0.6 0.1-0.5 10-40 15-30 0.5-1 0.6-0.7 0.6-1.0 0.2-1.0 20-60 20-40 Children and 1-3 0.7-1.0 1.0-1.5 0.5-1.5 20-80 25-50 adolescents 4-6 1.0-1.5 1.5-2.0 1.0-2.5 30-120 30-75 7-10 1.0-2.0 2.0-3.0 \.5-2.5 50-200 50-150 11+ 1.5-2.5 2.0-5.0 \.5-2.5 50-200 75-250 Adults 1.5-3.0 2.5-5.0 1.5-4.0 50-200 75-250 'Because there is less information on which to base allowances, these figures are not given in the main table of RDA and are provided here in the form of ranges of recommended intakes. bBecause the toxic levels for many trace elements may be only several times usual intakes, the upper levels for the trace elements given in this table should not be habitually exceeded. Source: National Research Council. Recommended Dietary Allowances, 10th ed. Washington, D.C., National Academy Press, 1989, p. 284. Reprinted with permission. 378 Appendix 3 Recommended Dietary Standards for Adults in Selected Countries and FAOIWHO Vitamin Ribo- Ascorbic Age Wt Protein Calcium Iron A Thiamin flavin Niacin Acid Country Sex (yr) (kg) Activity Calories (g) (mg) (mg) (JLg RE) (mg) (mg) (mg NE) (mg) FAa/WHO' M 18-30 65 MA 3000 37b 450' 7d 750 1.2 1.8 20< 30 F 18-30 55 MA 2200 29b 450' 21d 750 0.9 1.3 14< 30 Australia' M 18-35 70 FNb 2800 70 800 7 750 1.1 1.7 19d 30 F 18-35 58 FNb 2000 58 800 14' 750 0.8 1.2 13d 30 Canada' M 19-24 71 MA 3000 61 800 9 1000 1.2 1.5 22 40b F 19-24 58 MA 2100 50 700 13 800 0.8 1.1 15 30b Caribbean' M 20--39 65 MA 3000 53b 500 6 750 1.2 1.7 20 30 F 20--39 55 MA 2200 41b 500 19 750 0.9 1.2 15 30 tM China' M 18-44 63 MA 3000 90 800 12 800 1.5 1.5 15 60 Ie-..I F 18-44 53 MA 2700 80 800 18 800 1.4 1.4 14 60 Czechoslovakia' M 19-34 NS MA 3000 105b 800 12 1000 1.2 1.8 20 60b F 19-34 NS LA 2300 90b 800 14 900 1.1 1.6 17 50b France' M Adult NS FNb 2700 81 800 10 1000 1.5 1.8 18 80 F Adult NS FNb 2000 60 800 18 800 1.3 1.5 15 80 Germany' M 18-35 NS MA 3000 85 600 10 800 1.5 1.8 20 45 (former Dem Rep) F 18-35 NS MA 2400 75 600 15 750 1.2 1.4 16 45 Germany' M Adult NS SA 2600 0.9 g/kg 800 12 900 1.6 2.0 12b 75 (former Fed Rep) F Adult NS SA 2200 0.9 g/kg 700 18 900 1.4 1.8 12b 75 Hungary' M 19-30 70 MA 3200 94 800 12 1000 1.4 1.8 18 60 F 19-30 60 MA 2400 70 800 18 800 1.3 1.5 15 60 INCAP' M 19-40 63 MA 2900 60 450 9 750 1.2 1.6 19 30 F 19-40 52 MA 2050 45 450 28 750 0.8 1.1 14 30 (continued) Appendix 3 (continued) Vitamin Ribo­ Ascorbic Age Wt Protein Calcium Iron A Thiamin flavin Niacin Acid Country Sex (yr) (kg) Activity Calories (g) (mg) (mg) (IJ-g RE) (mg) (mg) (mg NE) (mg) India' M Adult NS MA 2800 55 450b 24 750 1.4 1.7 19 40 F Adult NS MA 2200 45 450b 32 750 1.4 1.3 15 40 Indonesia' M 20-39 55 FNb 2530 51 500 9 4000 IV 1.0 1.4 17' 30 F 20-39 47 FNb 1880 40 500 28 3500 IV 0.8 1.3 12' 30 Israel' M 18-25 NS NS 33 kcallkg 0.8 g/kg 1200 10 1000 1.5 1.7 19 60 F 18-25 NS NS 31 kcal/kg 0.8 g/kg 1200 15 800 1.1 1.3 15 60 Italy' M 20-39 65 MA 3000 64 600 10 750 l.2 1.6 20 45 F 20-39 54 MA 2160 53 600 18 750 0.9 1.2 14 45 Japan' M 20-29 64 MA 2550 70 600 10 2000 IV 1.0 1.4 17 50 F 20-29 52 MA 2000 60 600 12 1800 IV 0.8 1.1 14 50 ~ Korea' M 20-29 64 MA 2500 70 600 10 700 1.2b 1.5 16b 55 F 20-49 52' MA 2000 60 600 18 700 1.0 1.2 13 55 Mexico' M 18-34 65 NS 2750 83 500 10 1000 1.4 1.7 25 50 F 18-34 55 NS 2000 71 500 18 1000 1.0 1.2 18 50 Netherlands' M 19-22 NS MA 2900 79 800b 10 1000 1.2 1.6 NS 70 F 19-22 NS MA 2250 60 800b 16 800 1.0 1.3 NS 70 Philippines' M 20-39 56 MA 2570 60 500 12 525 1.3 1.3 25 75 F 20-39 49 MA 1900 52 500 26b 450 1.0 1.0 18 70 Russia' M 18-60 NS MA 3050b 96' 800 18d 1500 1.8e 2.3f 19" 72h F 18-60 NS MA 2500b 80' 800 18d 1500 l.4e 2.0f 16" 62h Spain' M 20-40 NS FNb 3000 54 600 10 750 l.2 1.8 20 45 F 20-40 NS FNb 2300 41 600 18 750 0.9 1.4 15 45 Sweden' M 19-30 70 MA 3150 75 600 10 1000 1.4 1.7 18 60 F 19-30 60 MA 2500 62 800 18 800 1.1 1.3 14 60 Turkey' M 19-39 65 NS 2700 65 500 7 750 1.1 1.6 15 50 F 19-39 55 NS 2200 55 500 23 750 0.9 1.3 12 50 United Kingdom' M 18-34 NS MA 2900 72 500 10 750 1.2 1.6 18 30 F 18-34 NS FNb 2150 54 500 12 750 0.9 1.3 15 20 United States' M 19-24 72 FNb 2900 58 1200 10 1000 1.5 1.7 19 60 F 19-24 58 FNb 2200 46 1200 15 800 1.1 1.3 15 60 Venezuela' M 20--39 65 NS 3000 63 450 9 750 1.2 1.6 20 30 F 20--39 55 NS 2200 48 450 28 750 0.9 1.2 14 30 FN = footnote; NS = not specified; LA = light activity; MA = medium or moderate activity; SA = sedentary activity Explanations: The purpose for establishing a national dietary standard is not the same in all countries.
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