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A Revised List of Nationally Rare Bryophytes

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A Revised List of Nationally Rare Bryophytes ConservationNews Revised list of nationally rare bryophytes v Timmia megapolitana. Ron Porley Committee, revises the list of nationally rare Table 1. Species now recorded in more than 15 10-km squares since 1950 species. It is a companion to the earlier revision A revised of scarce species (Preston, 2006) which provides H, hornwort; L, liverwort; M, moss. more background to the use of these terms. Atlas total Current total % of Atlas total The starting point for this revision is the list of nationally rare bryophyte species and subspecies H Phaeoceros carolinianus 4 17 425 list of L Barbilophozia kunzeana 10 17 170 which can be extracted from the spreadsheet of Conservation Designations for UK taxa on the L Fossombronia fimbriata 10 17 170 nationally Joint Nature Conservation Committee’s (JNCC) L Leiocolea fitzgeraldiae – 22 – website (www.jncc.gov.uk). I have brought the L Leiocolea gillmanii 13 18 138 taxonomy into line with that of the new Census L Lophozia perssonii 12 23 192 rare Catalogue (Hill et al., 2008), and updated the L Nardia breidleri 11 20 182 list to include newly discovered taxa and new L Scapania curta 15 16 107 10-km square records. The 10-km square totals L Scapania paludicola 4 19 475 bryophytes are based on records made from Britain (v.-cc. L Scapania paludosa 14 22 157 1–112) from 1950 onwards. M Bryum gemmilucens 10 20 200 The changes to the list are summarized below M Bryum knowltonii 13 19 146 and a complete new list of nationally rare species Chris Preston presents a M Bryum kunzei 8 16 200 then follows. Nomenclature follows Hill et al. M Cynodontium strumiferum 8 18 225 revised list of nationally rare (2008) with the name on the JNCC website (if it M Cynodontium tenellum 14 17 121 differs) given as a synonym in the list at the end bryophytes. of this paper. The 10-km square totals were taken M Ditrichum plumbicola 12 20 167 from the BBS database at BRC in September M Fissidens monguillonii 10 17 170 he categories ‘nationally rare’ and 2009. M Grimmia elongata 6 16 267 ‘nationally scarce’ have been used M Hedwigia ciliata – 22 – for some years in Britain as a way Species to be excluded from the list M Hypnum bambergeri 14 16 114 of identifying the most uncommon The largest group of deletions (Table 1) are M Leptodontium gemmascens 9 21 233 plants. Nationally rare taxa are those species which are now recorded in more than M Oncophorus wahlenbergii 12 17 142 Tpresent in 1–15 10-km grid squares and nationally 15 10-km squares, and these should therefore M Orthotrichum speciosum 12 20 167 scarce taxa those in 16–100 squares. These be transferred to the list of scarce species. The M Philonotis tomentella 13 19 146 categories are distinct from measures of threat, number of squares in which the species was M Physcomitrium sphaericum 14 21 150 such as Critically Endangered, Endangered, mapped from 1950 onwards in the Atlas of M Pohlia andalusica 12 16 133 Vulnerable and Near Threatened, which are Bryophytes (Hill et al., 1991–94) and the current M Pseudoleskeella rupestris 12 18 150 assessed using the internationally agreed IUCN total give an indication of the extent to which the M Racomitrium macounii 10 21 210 criteria. Rare and scarce attributions are less species was previously under-recorded. M Sanionia orthothecioides 5 61 1220 important than these designations, but are The greatest increases reflect species where M Sciuro-hypnum glaciale 14 16 114 nevertheless useful in selecting SSSIs, drawing bryologists have made a special effort to get to M Sciuro-hypnum reflexum 14 20 143 up rare plant registers and highlighting the know plants and systematically survey likely M Sphagnum majus 3 21 700 n Fig. 1. Sanionia orthothecioides, ‘special species’ in areas ranging from counties to habitats. Sandy Payne has walked the coastlines a species now removed from the M Sphagnum riparium 15 36 240 small nature reserves. This paper, prepared at the of northern Scotland in search of Sanionia ortho- ‘rare’ list thanks to systematic request of the BBS Conservation and Recording thecioides (Figs 1 & 2), showing that it is much M Tortula freibergii 5 34 680 survey work. Effy Everiss 32 FieldBryology No100 | Feb10 FieldBryology No100 | Feb10 33 Revised list of nationally rare bryophytes Revised list of nationally rare bryophytes Table 4. Species to be added as a result of taxonomic revision more frequent (especially around the convoluted , Fig. 2. Known distribution of Native species to add to the list or other reasons coast of Shetland) than was suspected when it Sanionia orthothecioides. The native species in Table 3 have recently been was reported, new to Britain, in 1992. He is also added to the British list. They all seem likely to M Acaulon mediterraneum Upgraded from variety primarily responsible for the 700% increase in be genuinely rare, although as some of the above L Fossombronia mittenii Extinct but with a post-1950 record records of Sphagnum majus. Similarly, Tortula examples show, our initial impressions of the freibergii has been systematically recorded along rarity of species sometimes have to be modified M Grimmia alpestris Reinstated on British list the canals of north-west England by Locksley in the light of later experience. M Grimmia anodon Formerly feared extinct (2007) and Callaghan (2008). These examples M Pterygoneurum lamellatum Extinct but with a post-1950 record show how effective it can be to adopt and record Table 3. Native species to add to the list M Schistidium atrofuscum Perhaps omitted in error ‘pet’ species. M Tortula schimperi Upgraded from variety and M Arctoa anderssonii taxonomic concept refined Several of the other species have been dis- M Bruchia vogesiaca covered in Britain only recently. These include M Dialytrichia saxicola some added to the British list in the 1990s such (Long, 2008). Like G. sessitana, it is retained on as Leiocolea fitzgeraldiae (described in 1995), M Ephemerum hibernicum the list on the basis of different specimens from Hedwigia ciliata (not separated by British bryolo- M Orthotrichum acuminatum those which caused it to be added originally, as gists from the much more frequent H. stellata M Orthotrichum consimile the latter were all misidentifications. It seems until 1995) and Racomitrium macounii (first M Schistidium flaccidum worth adding, for the sake of completeness, recognized here in 1991). Others have been M Seligeria oelandica Fossombronia mittenii and Pterygoneurum known rather longer but are small, very incon- M Timmia megapolitana lamellatum, two species which have post-1950 spicuous and genuinely very uncommon, includ- M Tortula inermis records but are feared extinct. ing Ditrichum plumbicola (described in 1976), The total number of additional native species Fossombronia fimbriata (described in 1974) and Four of these, Arctoa anderssonii (Rothero, is 17. Lophozia perssonii (reported new to Britain in 2009), Orthotrichum acuminatum (Blockeel, 1968). Phaeoceros carolinianus is a much more 2009), Seligeria oelandica (Bosanquet, 2009) Alien species conspicuous plant, but it has been confused with and Tortula inermis (Blockeel et al., 2009) were It is more difficult to identify introductions in the very similar P. laevis, and Bryum kunzei was published after the preparation of the new bryophytes than flowering plants as they have neglected until it was treated as a species rather Census Catalogue. Seligeria oelandica has long much greater powers of long-distance dispersal. than as var. imbricatum of B. caespiticium. Only been known from Ireland, and Ephemerum hib- They are almost never deliberately spread by Orthotrichum speciosum of the above species is subspecies are listed as nationally rare, so those ernicum was described from Ireland in 2005; people, unlike (for example) vascular plants which genuinely increasing in frequency. reduced to variety should be removed from the both have recently been found in Wales by Sam are imported for horticultural reasons and which A few species have to be deleted as the result of list. Bosanquet. Orthotrichum acuminatum may be a therefore have a clear introduction pathway. In taxonomic research (Table 2). Only species and This gives a total of 40 deletions. ‘native casual’, a plant which arrived by natural general, bryophytes can only be recognized as means but has not persisted. aliens in Britain if they come from distant con- Table 2. Species deleted as a result of taxonomic research A few species have to be added because of tinents, and even then their status is likely to be taxonomic revision, or for miscellaneous other doubtful unless their means of introduction is M Bryum archangelicum Now includes the much commoner B. imbricatum reasons (Table 4). clear. The JNCC spreadsheet omits such recently M Bryum neodamense Now reduced to a synonym of B. pseudotriquetrum var. pseudotriquetrum Grimmia anodon, once feared extinct, still established, alien species. While this is a perfectly M Didymodon mamillosus Now reduced to a synonym of D. rigidulus survives in Edinburgh (Long, 2006). The reasonable course of action for a conservation M Grimmia ungeri British material has been re-identified asG. montana recent history of Grimmia alpestris in Britain is organization to take, it seems worth adding them M Hymenostylium insigne Now reduced to a variety of H. recurvirostrum (and in any event now known from 19 squares) a confusing story of changing determinations, to the list (with an appropriate annotation) for M Pictus scoticus Now reduced to a synonym of Hygrohypnum luridum but it is now regarded as genuinely British those who would like to use the list of rare species 34 FieldBryology No100 | Feb10 FieldBryology No100 | Feb10 35 Revised list of nationally rare bryophytes Revised list of nationally rare bryophytes for other purposes. The following can be listed as Doubtful cases rare aliens or putative aliens.
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