Long-Range Fires: Commanders' Options
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The M1A2 Abrams: the Last Main Battle Tank?
The M1A2 Abrams: The Last Main Battle Tank? by Stanley C. Crist With its superb integration of fire- Although Longbow Hellfire was de- is expected to enter production around power, mobility, and armor protection, signed for the AH-64D Apache heli- 2015, replacing the M1-series tanks. the M1A2 Abrams is very nearly the copter, there is no obvious reason it Since the next generation armored ultimate incarnation of the main battle couldn’t be fired from an armored ve- fighting vehicle is no longer referred to tank (MBT). Although more advanced hicle. Indeed, at least one nation is ap- as an MBT, can it be inferred that the design concepts have been published in parently developing a similar system. future combat system need not be a recent years, it will likely prove quite According to the August/December tank as we know it today? difficult to produce an MBT suffi- 1993 issue of ASIAN MILITARY RE- If self-guided missiles are chosen for ciently superior (to the M1A2) to jus- VIEW, India has developed the NAG, a tify the cost, so why not look for a bet- fire-and-forget antitank missile with a the primary armament of the FCS, a ter idea? range of six kilometers. It was planned number of advantages present them- that the NAG would be the armament selves. For one, it ought to be possible to eliminate the turret assembly; this The Missile Option for a tracked combat vehicle. With would greatly simplify construction, ground surveillance radar (GSR) incor- When Egyptian Saggers surprised Is- porated into its fire control system, with a corresponding decrease in pro- duction cost and vehicle weight. -
Moving Artillery Forward: a Concept for the Fight in Afghanistan
SMALL WARS JOURNAL smallwarsjournal.com Moving Artillery Forward: A Concept for the Fight in Afghanistan Joseph A. Jackson The United States Army is no stranger to mountainous and high-altitude war fighting. American history contains many instances of successfully executed mountain conflicts. Central to this success was the movement and use of artillery in direct support of those campaigns. The first notable American instance of moving artillery across mountainous terrain occurred when Colonel Henry Knox’s Continental Army soldiers wheeled, sledged, and levered the guns from Fort Ticonderoga across the Berkshire Mountains in the winter of 1776. These fifty-nine assorted cannon became the deciding factor in General George Washington’s siege of Boston. Other notable campaigns include the U.S. Army operations in the Italian Alps during WWII, the Taebaek Range of Korea, and the Annamite Range in Vietnam. Each of these locations and conditions provides ample instruction on artillery use in mountain warfare; yet this time fighting in the mountains of Afghanistan is proving to be a greater challenge than anticipated. Strategists and commanders who consider employment of artillery in Afghanistan should take a fresh look at history, doctrine, and tactical concepts. Doing so will ensure artillery can employ optimally, and in sufficient strength, and of the correct caliber to create the tactical conditions for success. Without a significant increase in firepower delivered by a correspondingly lightweight and maneuverable field howitzer, the long-range fight in Afghanistan will devolve into an even deadlier and protracted conflict. Solely relying on technology and precision munitions incrementally applied across the current arsenal will not achieve the conditions to exploit and pursue the insurgent fighters ever higher and farther into the mountains between Afghanistan and Pakistan. -
Massed Fires, Not Organic Formations: the Case for Returning Field
SPOTLIGHT 20-1 Massed Fires, Not Organic Formations The Case for Returning Field Artillery Battalions to the DivArty by Colonel David E. Johnson, USA, Ret. and Lieutenant General David D. Halverson, USA, Ret. PUBLISHED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED STATES ARMY APRIL 2020 With artillery, war is made. ISSUE —Napoleon To prevail in large-scale combat oper- ations against competent adversaries, U.S. Army divisional field artillery battal- The U.S. Army needs to realize that in large-scale combat operations (LSCO) ions should be controlled by a division against competent adversaries, its divisional field artillery battalions should artillery (DivArty) headquarters, rather be controlled by a division artillery (DivArty) headquarters rather than by than by brigade combat teams (BCT). brigade combat teams (BCTs). To make the case for this change, this essay SPOTLIGHT SCOPE will trace the history of how U.S. field artillery has evolved since its incep- • Traces the evolution of U.S. field tion; making the case requires understanding why field artillery battalions artillery since its inception. became organic to BCTs in the first place. • Describes the impact of modularity, This essay is not a call to return to the past—rather, it is a call to prepare for driven by the demands of extended counterinsurgency operations, on the future. If the joint force is to mass fires against a peer adversary, central- the U.S. Army’s ability to train for and ized control will be important, just as it was in World War II. Now, with the fight peer adversaries. need to converge fires and effects across multiple domains, it is even more essential. -
ATP 3-01.8 Techniques for Combined Arms for Air Defense Headquarters
ATP 3-01.8 Techniques for Combined Arms for Air Defense DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited Headquarters, Department of the Army This publication is available at the Army Publishing Directorate site (http://), and the Central Army Registry site (https://atiam.train.army.mil/catalog/dashboard) To receive publishing updates, please subscribe at (http://www.apd.army.mil/AdminPubs/new_subscribe.asp) *ATP 3-01.8 Field Manual ATP 3-01.8 Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC, Techniques for Combined Arms for Air Defense Contents Page PREFACE.............................................................................................................. iii INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... iv SUMMARY OF CHANGES .................................................................................... v Chapter 1 AERIAL THREATS AND DEFENSIVE PLANNING .......................................... 1-1 Anticipate Aerial Threats .................................................................................... 1-1 Analyze Air Threat Capabilities .......................................................................... 1-4 Threat Application ............................................................................................... 1-7 Defensive Planning ............................................................................................. 1-9 Chapter 2 TECHNIQUES FOR WARNING AND CONTROL ............................................ -
Tank Gunnery
MHI Copy 3 DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FIELD MANUAL TANK GUNNERY DEPARTMENtOF THE ARMY · MAY 1957 DEPARTMENI OF THE ARMY * MAY 1951 *FM 17-12 FIEL) MANUIAL? DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY -No. 17-12 5 \\ASHINGTON 25, D. C., 21 May 1957 TANK GUNNERY Pilragraphs PNge PART O.E:.GENERI.AL CIIAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ......................... ... 1,2 3 PAnT Two. MATERItEL CHAPTEu 2. CHARACTERISTICS OF TANK ARIMA- MIENT, TURRETS, AND CONTROLS Section I. Introduction ................................... 3,4 5 11. Tank guns and gun mounts ..................... 5-9 7 CHAPTEr 3. TANK GUN AMMUNITION AND BAL- LISTICS Section I. Introduction ................................... 10-12 9 II. Projectiles and fuzeos ............................ 13-20 11 III. Machinc-gln ammunition ...................... 21-23 17 IV. Ballistics ...................................... 24-27 18 PART THaRE. FUNDAMENTALS OF TANK GUNNERY CHAPTER 4. TANK FIRE-CONTROL EQUIPIMENT Section I. Introduction .................. ................ 28,29 21 II. The mil and mil relation ...... 3.................30-33 21 III. Binoculars ..................................... 34-37 28 IV. ])irect-fire sighlts ............................... 38-44 33 V. Sight adjustment ................... 4...........4549 38 VI. Tank-mounted auxiliary fire-control ecqipment.. 50-54 43 VII. Aiming circle ................... 5...............5-61 46 VIII. Compass ...................................... 62-65 58 IX. Miscellaneous fire-control equipment ............ 60-70 62 CHAPTER 5. RANGE DETERMINATION Section I. Introduction .................................. -
LIGHTWEIGHT 155Mm (LW155)
LIGHTWEIGHT 155mm (LW155) SYSTEM PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION 1.0 SCOPE 1.1 Identification (TBD) 1.2 System Overview The LW 155 will replace all US Marine Corps (USMC) cannon systems and be used as a direct support weapon. The US Army (Army) will use the system as a general support weapon in the light forces and as a direct support weapon for the Light Cavalry Regiment replacing all of the M198 155mm towed howitzers. 1.3 Document Overview This system specification describes the configuration of the Lightweight 155 (LW 155) formerly known as the Advanced Towed Cannon System (ATCAS). This specification is used to describe the performance requirements of the LW 155 and contains the operational and interface criteria for the system. Both services require the system to have the capability to accept the Pre-planned Product Improvements (P3I) listed in appendix A of this specification. The Army requires that a number of the P3I be on their production system; while, the USMC may procure them, as a separate action, to be added to their production system. 1.4 Security Classification (TBD) 2.0 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The following documents form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. In the event of conflict between the documents referenced herein and the content of this specification, the content of this specification shall be considered a superseding requirement. 2.1 Government 2.1.1 Specifications and Standards 2.1.1.1 Mandatory 1 QPL-46168-27 Coating, Aliphatic Polyurethane, Chemical Agent Resistant MIL-STD-209(H) Slinging and -
Concept Designing of Armoured Fighting Vehicles for Future Combat
Defence Science Journal, Vol. 70, No. 4, July 2020, pp. 397-403, DOI : 10.14429/dsj.70.14706 © 2020, DESIDOC Concept Designing of Armoured Fighting Vehicles for Future Combat Alexander Kuprinenko@ ,*, Mykola Chornyi@, Volodymyr Mocherad@, and Halyna Lotfі Ghahrodi# @National Army Academy, Lviv, Ukraine #Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ukraine *E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The experience of military conflicts in recent decades shows changes in the nature of warfare performance, which differ significantly from those conditions for which existing types of armoured fighting vehicles were created. The conducted analysis of the works on the designing of advanced armoured fighting vehicles shows that these changes have not yet been sufficiently taken into account. It still focuses on the creation of high-value combat vehicles with high combat performance for direct (contact) actions. Given the limited economic opportunities of the most countries this inevitably leads to unreasonable expenses. This article presents a conceptual approach to design up to date of armoured fighting vehicles which is based on the asymmetrical principle of their development. Given that the practical implementation of the proposed approach is complex and high-cost, the results of simulation modelling of typical situations of combat use of the offered types of armoured fighting vehicles are given as evidence. Keywords: Armoured fighting vehicle; Combat application; Asymmetrical development; Technical characteristics; Simulation modelling 1. INTRODUCTION • An increase in the number of diverse goals, changes in the The experience of military conflicts over the past decades hit distribution law for firing angle7 has shown that armoured fighting vehicles (AVFs) continue • The transition from the linear interaction of large army to play an important role in solving a wide range of combat units that are operating at operational range of weapons missions assigned to units of the Army. -
Tank Platoon
ATP 3-20.15 (FM 3-20.15) Tank Platoon December 2012 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Headquarters, Department of the Army This publication is available at Army Knowledge Online (https//armypubs.us.army.mil/doctrine/ index.html). *ATP 3-20.15 (FM 3-20.15) Army Techniques and Procedures Headquarters No. 3-20.15 Department of the Army Washington, DC, 13 December 2012 Tank Platoon Contents Page PREFACE .................................................................... viii Chapter 1 TACTICAL FUNDAMENTALS ..................................... 1-1 Section I – Text References ....................................... 1-1 Section II – Overview.................................................. 1-1 Operational Environment .............................................. 1-1 Unified Land Operations ............................................... 1-2 Combat Power .............................................................. 1-2 Section III – Mission Command ................................. 1-4 Command ..................................................................... 1-4 Control .......................................................................... 1-5 Section IV – Command and Support Relationships .............................................................. 1-6 Command Relationships .............................................. 1-6 Support Relationships .................................................. 1-7 Section V – Planning Considerations ....................... 1-7 Operational Variables -
Small Arms Defense Against Air Attack
SMALL ARMS DEFENSE AGAINST AIR ATTACK SUBCOURSE NUMBER IS4401 EDITION C United States Army Air Defense Artillery School Fort Bliss, Texas 79916-3802 2 Credit Hours Revision Date: May 2006 SUBCOURSE OVERVIEW This subcourse was designed to teach you the basic procedures and techniques for small arms defense against air attack to keep your unit functioning and continue to perform the assigned mission. Contained within this subcourse are recognizing the threat; air attack warnings; application of passive air defense measures that include attack avoidance, and damage limiting procedures; and how to perform active air defense measures that includes firing positions. There are no prerequisites for this subcourse. This subcourse reflects the doctrine which was current at the time it was prepared. In your own work situation, always refer to the latest official publications. Unless otherwise stated, the masculine gender of singular pronouns is used to refer to both men and women. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE ACTION: You will identify threat situations, state passive air defense measures, identify procedures for applying active air defense measures to include aiming points and firing positions. CONDITIONS: Use only this lesson material to complete the examination. STANDARDS: To demonstrate competency of this task, you must attain a grade of 70 percent or more on the subcourse examination to receive credit for this subcourse. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page Subcourse Overview.........................................................................................i -
Eyes and Ears: a History of Field Artillery Target
EYES AND EARS: A HISTORY OF FIELD ARTILLERY TARGET ACQUISITION BY BOYD L. DASTRUP, PH.D. HISTORIAN U.S. ARMY FIELD ARTILLERY SCHOOL FORT SILL, OKLAHOMA 2018 INTRODUCTION The conversion from direct fire to indirect fire at the beginning of the 20th Century dramatically changed field artillery target acquisition. Employing direct fire, cannoneers positioned their field pieces unprotected in the open at close ranges to see their enemy easily, to acquire their own targets, and to adjust their own fire. Prompted by rifled small arms and rifled field artillery fire during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871 that annihilated the combatants’ field batteries sited in the open for direct fire, European field artillerymen slowly changed their tactics during the ensuing years. To protect their guns they decided to conceal them behind natural or artificial obstacles where the battery gun crew could not see the target without assistance; and this compounded a growing problem. By the 1870s the average European and American rifled field piece had a range of 4,000 yards and therefore could shoot considerably farther than the human eye could see even with binoculars. Unless armies could find a method of locating targets beyond the range of human eyesight, hiding field artillery behind an obstacle of some kind for protection and employing long-range field artillery would be problematic. Indirect fire offered the solution. It permitted gun crews to hide their cannons for protection and simultaneously engage targets that could not be seen from the battery position. Although various methods of indirect fire had been employed for some years in Europe, they were more suited to siege warfare than mobile warfare. -
1914-1938 Armored Fighting Vehicles Pdf, Epub, Ebook
1914-1938 ARMORED FIGHTING VEHICLES PDF, EPUB, EBOOK George Bradford | 96 pages | 03 Nov 2010 | Stackpole Books | 9780811705684 | English | Mechanicsburg, United States 1914-1938 Armored Fighting Vehicles PDF Book They are highly mobile, usually based on tracked chassis carrying either a large howitzer or other field gun or alternatively a mortar or some form of rocket or missile launcher. The automated launch pod will also be fitted to the turret of the Eitan AFV. It was tested successfully in the autumn of in the shooting polygon of the Officer School, then sent into service and named "skull". The committee formed for their reception judged the armor unsatisfactory, and sent them to the Izhora Works in St Petersburg, headed by staff officer V. Hidden categories: CS1 uses Hebrew-language script he CS1 Hebrew-language sources he Use dmy dates from May Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Pages using deprecated image syntax Articles containing Hebrew-language text Commons link is on Wikidata. The combat engineer section carriers are used to transport sappers combat engineers and can be fitted with a bulldozer 's blade and other mine-breaching devices. Once the span has been put in place, the AVLB vehicle detaches from the bridge, and moves aside to allow traffic to pass. This is especially true in developing countries , where various armies and guerrilla forces have used them, as they are more affordable than military-grade combat vehicles. Within the term are covered self-propelled guns or howitzers and rocket artillery. Paperback , 96 pages. Main article: Armoured vehicle-launched bridge. -
GROUND COMBAT SYSTEMS Heavy Forces, Including the Abrams, M88, Operates with INTELSAT, EUTELSAT, Bradley, M113, M109 and Knight Family of PANAMSAT and DOMSAT
tem. A commercial two-year warranty is provided. THT provides tri-band satellite commu- nications capable of supporting a variety of worldwide missions and is interopera- Warfighter Infor- ble with all tri-band satellite terminals and mation Network- teleport earth terminals. Setup/teardown Tactical (WIN-T) time is 30 minutes. The USARPAC Tri-Band Satellite Ter- minal (U-TST) is a Humvee (M1113) prime mover-mounted satellite terminal hub, capable of supporting C-, X- and Ku- cal (WIN-T) is the Army’s communica- GCS is a command partner in the TACOM band frequencies. The U-TST is capable of tions system for reliable, secure and seam- Life Cycle Management Command. using the LHGXA tracking antenna and less video, data, imagery and voice ser- PEO GCS Project Management Offices tows a tactical quiet generator (TQG), and vices that enables decisive combat actions. include Heavy Brigade Combat Team, supports GMF as well as C4ISR communi- It is focused on moving information in a Joint Lightweight Howitzer, Mine Resis- cations when operating with the single manner that supports commanders, staffs, tant Ambush Protected Vehicles, Modular shelter switch base-band suite of equip- functional units and capabilities-based for- Brigade Enhancements, Stryker Brigade ment. mations. It is optimized for offensive and Combat Team and Robotics Systems Joint The Mobile Deployable Ku-Band Earth joint operations so that the theater combat- Project Office. Terminal (DKET) is a commercial off-the- ant commander will have the capability to As an example, the Project Manager for shelf nondevelopmental item Ku-band perform multiple missions simultaneously the Heavy Brigade Combat Team (PM prime mover-mounted satellite communi- with campaign quality.