Appendix: Al-Jabri's Biographical Sketch
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APPENDIX: AL-JABRI’S BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH • 27 December 1935: the birth of Mohammed Abed al-Jabri in the city of Figuig, east of Morocco, where he completed his elementary schooling. • June 1965: acquiring a Baccalaureate Degree, and frst contact with the Moroccan Leftist Mahdi ben Barka. • June 1958: spends his frst year of the university in Damascus; acquires “General Knowledge” certifcate. • October 1958: studies in the Philosophy Department (School of Arts and Social Sciences in Rabat), from which he receives B.A. degree in June, 1961. • 16 July 1963: arrested with the rest of his comrades in the Socialist Union Party, where he remained in detention for 2 months. • March 1964: contributed to the publications of “aqlām” magazine, which played an important cultural role in Morocco during 20 years of continuous publications. • March 1965: arrested another time with a group of teachers and then released. • November 1966: published the highly accredited philosophy school book in Morocco, “Courses in Philosophy”, jointly with Professor Ahmad Al Satati and Professor Mustafa Al Omari. The book played a pioneering role in spreading philosophical awareness among stu- dents in Morocco. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 303 Z. Eyadat et al. (eds.), Islam, State, and Modernity, Middle East Today, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-59760-1 304 APPENDIX: AL-JABRI’S BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH • 1970: acquired the frst PhD in philosophy in modern Morocco, on Ibn Khaldun; the defence committee comprised two French Orientalists and researchers, Henry Laust and Roger Arnaldez, and Arab researchers Najeed Baladi, Amjad Tarablusi and Ibrahim Boutaleb. • October 1971: promoted as a higher education professor, after hav- ing been as assistant professor since 1967. • 1971: the publication of his frst book, which is originally his PhD thesis: al-‘asabiyya wa dawla: ma‘alem nakhariyya khalduniyya fī attārikh al-islāmi [Group Feeling and the State: Manifestations of a Khaldunian Theory of History of Arab-Islamic Societie]. • 1973: the publication of al-Jabri’s second book aḍwāʼ ʻalā mushkil attaʻlīm bi-l-maghrib [Problems of Education in Morocco]. • Fall of 1974: was elected as a member of the political offce of the Socialist Union party. • 1976: publication of the book “An Introduction to the Philosophy of Sciences” in two parts. It is the book that gave rise to epistemologi- cal studies in Morocco. • 1977: publication of his book “Towards a Progressive Vision of Some of Our Intellectual and Educational Issues”, which outlined al- Jabri’s project of reading the tradition. • 1980: publications of his book “naḥnu wa-al-turāth” [Us and the Tradition], which is considered in the east as the true beginning to al-Jabri’s examination of the tradition (translated in Spanish). • 5 April 1981: resigned from the political offce of the Socialist Union. It was the third and fnal resignation after he frst resigned in 8 October 1978 and then in 6 October 1980, both of which were rejected. This resignation marked his complete departure (except for keeping good relations with the party’s leadership, and keeping in writing with its gazette) towards intellectual and aca- demic work. • 1982: the publication of the book al-khitāb al-‘arabī al-mu‘āṣir [Contemporary Arab Discourse]. • 1984: publication of the frst volume of his project Critique of Arab Reason takwīn al-‘aql al-‘arabī [Formation of Arab Reason], trans- lated into Turkish fully, and to Farsi partially. • 1986: Publication of the second volume of Critique of Arab Reason, binyat al-‘aql al-’arabī [Structure of Arab Reason]. APPENDIX: AL-JABRI’S BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH 305 • 1988: the publication of ishkāliyyāt al-fkr al-’arabī al-mu‘āṣir [Problems of Arab Contemporary Thought] (partially translated to English). • June 1988: received the Baghdad Award for Culture from UNESCO; in the late 1980s, he apologized for not accepting Saddam Hussein Award, which amounts to 100 thousand dollars. • 1990: publications of the third volume of Critique of Arab Reason, al-‘aql al-siyyāsī al-‘arabī [Arab Political Reason]; engaged in a notable dialogue with the Arab-Egyptian philosopher Hassan Hanaf on the pages of “al yawm as-sābi’” magazine. • 1991: the publication of al-turāth wal-ḥadātha: dirāsāt wa munāqashāt [Tradition and Modernity: Studies and Discussions]. • The publication of a collection of essays and chapters in French titled An Introduction to Critique of Arab Reason (translated to Italian, English, Portuguese, Spanish, Japanese and Indonesian). • 1994: publication of al-mas‘ala athaqāfyya [The Question of Culture]. • 1995: publication of two books, al-muṭaqqafūn fl ḥadāra al- ‘arabiyya [The Intellectuals in Arab Civilization] and mas’alat al- hawiyya [The Question of Identity]. • 1996: the publication of addīn wa ddawla wa taṭbīq asharī‘a [Religion, the state and the Application of Shari’a] and al-mashrū‘ annahḍawī al-‘arabī [Arabic Renaissance Project]. • September 1997: publication of fkr wa naqd [Thought and Critique] magazine (with Mohammad Ibrahim Bou’lou and Abdessalam ben Abdel Ali) and in the same year, he published addīmuqratiyya wa ḥuqūq al-insān [Democracy and Human Rights], qadāya fī al-fkr al-mu‘āṣir [Issues in Contemporary Thought], attanmiyya al-bashariyya wa al-ḥuṣuṣiyya asūsyū- thaqāfyya [Human Development and Socio-Cultural Specifcity] (published by UN-ESCWA, and translated to English), [A Point of View: Towards Rebuilding Contemporary Arab Thought]; he also published the frst part of his autobiography: ḥafriyyāt fī a-ḏākira min ba‘īd [Excavations in Memory from Distance], followed later by a trilogy entitled fī ghimār assiyyāsa [Amidst Politics] about Morocco modern history and politics and his involvement in it. • 1997–1998: supervised the republication of Ibn Rushd origi- nal works (faṣl al-maqāl, al-kashf ‘an manāhij al-adilla, tahāfut al-tahāfut, al-kuliyyāt fī-aṭib; aḍarūrī fī assiyyāsa) as well as the 306 APPENDIX: AL-JABRI’S BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH publication of the book Ibn Rushd: sīra wa fqr [Averroes: Life and Thought]. • May 1999: earned the Magharibiyya Cultural Award (Tunisia). • 2001: the publication of the fourth volume of Critique of Arab Reason, al-‘aql al-akhlāqī al-‘arabī [Arabic Ethical Reason]. • October 2002: retirement after a career that extended over 45 years in education, in which he moved from teach to professor; in this year, he apologizes for not accepting Al-Gaddaf Award for Human Rights, which amounts to 25 thousand dollars. • First of March 2002: publishing a series of Position Papers, mawāqif, including a collection of al-Jabri’s articles and dialogues, amounting to 79 handbooks. • 2005: received two awards, the Award for Intellectual Studies in the Arab World (November) and the Pioneer’s Award by the Institute of Arab Thought (December). • 2006: received UNESCO’s medal on the occasion of World Philosophy day (November). • September 2005: publication of fī al-hāja ilā naqd al-iṣlāḥ [Criticizing the Need for Reform]. • September 2006: Publication of madkhal ilā al-qur’ān al-karīm [An Introduction to the Qur’ān]; October 2008, received the Averroes Award for Free Thought; the publication of fahm al-qur’ān al-ḥakīm: attafsīr al-wādiḥ ḥasaba tartīb annuzūl [Understanding the Judicious Qur’ān: A Clear Exegesis According to the Sequence of Revelation], in three volumes; until 2013, this work has been re- published every year except for 2011. • 3 May 2010: al-Jabri passes away in Casablanca. INDEX A Achmad Siddiq, 151 Abbasid, 28, 35, 92, 94, 157, 175, Affaya, 194 177, 206, 210, 235, 238, 239, Afaq, 275, 276, 294 255, 260 Ahkām, 179, 180 Abdallah Laroui. See Laroui Ahl al-kitāb, 116 Abd al-Hamid Ibn Badis, 209 Ahl al-sunna, 149–151, 157 Abd al-Malik, 29 Ahl al-sunna wal-jamāʿa, 151 Abd al-Rahmane al-Kawakibi, 275 Ahlussunah wal Jama’ah throughout Abd al-Salam ibn ‘Abd al-‘Ali, 18, 190 History, 152 Abdelilah Belkeziz, 277, 278 Ahmad Ali Riyadi, 156 Abdelilah Belqeziz, 18, 190 Ahmad Baso, 153–159 Abdelkader Al Ghouz, 190 Ahmad ibn Hanbal, 157 Abdel Karim Lahlou, 130 Ahmad Riyadi, 157 Abdellilah Benkirane, 190 Ahmed Mahfoud, 6, 141 Abdel-Nour, 198 Al-‘adl, 275 Abdelwahab al-Massiri, 276 Al-ʿalam newspaper, 83 Abdolkarim Sorouch, 171 Al-Andalus, 10, 48, 212 Abdou Filali-Ansari, 176 Al-‘aql al-akhlāqī al-‘arabī. See Abdullah. See Amin Abdullah Critique of Arab Reason, and Abdullahi an-Na’im, 160 Critique Abdullah R. Lux, 18, 183, 190 Al-bayān, 9, 67, 68, 239 Abdulrahman Badawi, 98 Albert Hourani, 3, 273 Abdurrahman Wahid, 151, 152, 158, Al-burhān, 9, 67, 211 159 Al-Dhahabi, 44 Abu Hanifa, 57 ALESCO, 84 Abyssinia, 116 À l’Européenne, 271 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 307 Z. Eyadat et al. (eds.), Islam, State, and Modernity, Middle East Today, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-59760-1 308 INDEX Al-Farabi, 49, 86, 212, 261, 289 Al-Samraʾi, 87 Al-Fassi, 83 Al-Sayyid Abul A‘la Maududi, 209 Al-Ghazali, 10, 12, 35, 49, 58, 92, 94, Al-Shaf‘ī, 151 112, 135, 151, 154, 157, 207, Al-Shahrastani, 45 232, 235, 236, 263 Al-Shatibi, 11, 49, 150, 156, 283 Al Ghouz, 190 Al-shūrā, 177, 214, 287 Al-Hadith, 47, 92 Al-Sisi, 209 Al-Hallaj, 42 Al-Tahtawi, 19, 274 Al-Harith Ibn Usaid al-Muhasibi, 235 Althusserian, 254 Al-Husri, 276 Al-tajdid, 25, 37, 93, 145 Ali Abdel-Raziq, 138 Al-tajriba al-rūḥiyya, 117 Ali Abderrazeq, 275, 277 Al-tawassuṭ wa ‘l-i‘tidāl, 152 Ali Harb, 7, 12, 85, 86 Althusser, 154, 223, 253, 254, 256 Ali Ibn Abi Talib, 177, 226 Al-waḥda al-wataniyya wa-l-qawmiyya, Ali Khalifah al-Kuwari, 194 196 Al-ʿiqd al-farīd, 233 Al-yawm al-sābiʿ, 95 Al-‘irfān, 67, 211 Al-ẓaḥira al-‘arabiyya, 118 Al-Isfahani, 235, 236 Al-ẓāhira al-qur’āniyya, 117 Al-Iz Ibn Abd Assalam, 236, 239, Amidst Politics, 15, 305 263, 283 Amin Abdullah.