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ROBER TSON ROAD 1 Old Flour Mill In 1935, radio station 4IP started broadcasting from the upper floors of the Old Flour Mill. It was a commercial station but very much a local enterprise. The company was founded by F.W. Johnson. It concentrated on local news and broadcasts by local performers.

Old Flour Mill Clarkes shoes in store promotion with 4IP radio, 1969, PI

F. W. Johnson & Sons City Motor Works, ca. 1930, PI

2 Soldiers Memorial Hall General Sir William Birdwood laid the foundation stone in 1920. Affectionately known as “the Digger-in-Chief”, he had been one of the commanders of the ANZAC forces. The Hall was designed by architect George Brockwell Gill who also designed the adjacent Technical College.

Soldiers Memorial Hall, early 1920s, PI 3 Civic Centre The Civic Centre was opened by Prime Minister Gough Whitlam in July 1975.

Prime Minister Gough Whitlam, PI Civic Hall, 1975, P.I. 4 Old Town Hall The Town Hall was built in the 1860s as a School of Arts. When the organisation had financial problems, it was purchased by the Council for a Town Hall. It is now part of the Ipswich Art Gallery. The building has been associated with many notable people. Members of Council include: Vi Jordan In 1961, Vi Jordan was the first woman elected to Ipswich City Council. In 1966, she was the second woman to be elected to Queensland Parliament and the first woman to represent the Labor Party. James Finimore Long-serving Mayor 1949-1973 who had been a POW at Changi prison during World War II. Arthur Macalister Alderman 1862-63, later becoming Premier of Queensland. Frank Cooper Alderman 1924-1927, later becoming Premier of Queensland. Visiting speakers or performers included: 1901: Australian bush poet Banjo Patterson. 1906: Governor-General Lord Northcote. 1927: World famous singer Dame Nellie Melba. 1947: Aboriginal tenor Harold Blair (who grew up at Purga Mission). Visiting Australian Prime Ministers included William Morris Hughes, John Curtin and Robert Menzies. An unusual activity occurred in 1911 when a Bleriot Monoplane, the first aeroplane seen in Ipswich, was put on display inside the hall and the engine was started. Two men managed to hold the plane down.

Portrait of Harold Blair, Australian Aboriginal Tenor, NLA ID 3670523 Town Hall, Ipswich, 1933, PI Benjamin Cribb, PI

Cribb & Foote store, ca. 1940, PI 5 Cnr Brisbane and Bell Streets 1849: Benjamin Cribb opened “London Stores” in Bell Street. Six years later, he took his brother-in-law John Foote into partnership and the firm became “Cribb & Foote”. The firm expanded with new buildings, new departments and a mail order section until it became one of the largest in Queensland. 1972: Walter Reid & Co purchased Cribb & Foote. 1985: On the 17 August, the buildings were destroyed by a fire. For some time, there was an empty space in the heart of Ipswich. A new development, Ipswich City Square began the following year. In 2013, this was in turn replaced by the Icon Ipswich office tower.

Reid’s fire aftermath, 1985, PI 6 Hudson's Eumenthol Jujubes In the buildings below the Post Office, there have been several chemist shops including that of George Hudson who invented Eumenthol Jujubes in the 1890s. They became so popular that Hudson moved to Sydney in 1907 to expand his manufacturing process and the throat pastilles became famous throughout Australia. Hudson lived at ‘Rose Hill’ near what is now Cintra Street, Eastern Heights.

Eumenthol Jujubes 7 Devil's Gully, Marsden Parade building, SLQ Chinese gardens were flourishing here in the 1880s. The devil supposedly appeared in a rush of wind and frightened Mrs Stewart while she was waiting for her husband William to return from work. The area has been called Devil's Gully ever since. 8 Convict stockyard and shearing shed, Wharf and East Streets In the convict era, a large stockyard was built across what was later Wharf Street, near the intersection with Brisbane Street. It was divided into two sections and was used for both sheep and cattle. A shearing shed was nearby, on the western side of present-day East Street.

Panorama of the 1842 Plan for the town of Limestone, later called Ipswich based on Henry Wade’s Survey Map Wilson family, Claremont, 1912, SLQ

9 Claremont John Panton Claremont was built for merchant John Panton and his wife Isabella in 1856-57. George Thorn It was later owned by George Thorn who was sent to Moreton Bay in 1839 to take charge of the Limestone Hills convict outstation. He remained in Ipswich when free settlement was allowed, opened hotels and a merchant business, owned country properties and was elected to the first Queensland Parliament. George Thorn Senior, SLQ George Thorn Jnr His son George Thorn Junior became the Premier of Queensland in 1876 and lived at Claremont. Three other sons Henry, John and William were also elected to Parliament at various times, making five members from the one family. George Thorn Junior, SLQ

Brisbane Hunt Club outside George Thorn’s residence, ca. 1894, SLQ 10 Cunningham’s Knoll Lime Hummock The lime hummock on the knoll is a reminder of the lime-burning operations established in 1827 by the Commandant of the Moreton Bay penal settlement, Captain Patrick Logan. An overseer and five convicts were stationed at Limestone Hills to quarry and burn the Limestone.

Patrick Logan Mitchell Library, SLNSW, ML 13

Cunningham Monument Commemorates the visits of explorer Alan Cunningham. He is unlikely to have actually camped under the fig trees in 1828, but definitely camped nearby. Glassey Monument Thomas Glassey is regarded as the first “labor” member of Queensland Parliament (before the Labor Party was officially established). He was elected in 1888 after calling for reforms such as an eight-hour day and a minimum wage. The beautification of Limestone Hill was the vision of Parks Curator F. W. Turley. Most of the work was carried out as part of a Relief Work Scheme during the Depression of the 1930s including the terraced pyramid, limestone gardens and walls, the side road and a “boulevard” through the Park. 1 1 Ipswich Girls’ Grammar School and Eleanor Constance Greenham Ipswich Girls’ Grammar School was opened in 1892. The first student to enrol was a local girl, Eleanor Constance Greenham. She later became the first Queensland-born woman to be registered as a medical practitioner. Eleanor Constance Greenham, IGGS 12 Queens Park The park first opened in 1863. The early beautification of the park was the work of long- serving curators Alexander Munro (1881-1909) and Frederick Turley (1909-1935).

Queens Park, 1930s, PI

Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother with Ipswich Mayor James Finimore, 1958, PI

When important people visited Ipswich, a civic reception was often held in Queens Park. Notable visitors included: 1920: Prince of Wales who later became King Edward VIII but abdicated to marry Mrs Simpson. 1920: General Birdwood who presented service medals to returned soldiers. 1920: Duke and Duchess of York later King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. 1958: Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother.

Queens Park Band rotunda, ca. 1940s, PI Opening of the Incinerator, 1936, PI

13 Walter Burley Griffin Incinerator 1936: Walter Burley Griffin Incinerator opened at Queens Park. The incinerator was erected in 1936 to burn the city's garbage. It was designed by Walter Burley Griffin, the architect who, with his wife Marion Mahoney, Rear view of the Incinerator, 1936, PI designed the Australian capital city Canberra. When it was completed the newspaper commented that it was “an attractive structure”. By 1960, burning rubbish was not considered environmentally acceptable and the incinerator was no longer adequate for the expanding population. The Incinerator is now the headquarters of Ipswich Little Theatre.

Opening of the Incinerator, 1936, PI 14 River Heart Parklands The Parklands are situated on the southern bank of the Bremer River. Stage 1 of the Parklands runs from the Bradfield Bridge to the David Trumpy Bridge and Stage 2 runs further east down to Bob Gamble Park on King Edward Parade and is connected by a succession of boardwalks. Stage 1 of the parklands was officially opened in 2007 and Stage 2 opened in 2012.

Bradfield Bridge A new pedestrian bridge opened in 2010. It was named after the engineer John Bradfield who grew up Riverheart in Ipswich. Parklands He was responsible for the Stage 1 design of Sydney Harbour Bridge and Story Bridge in Brisbane. John Bradfield 1886, PI

Bradfield Bridge 2010, Lyle Radford, PI

David Trumpy Bridge A new road bridge was opened in June 1965, 100 years after the first bridge over the Bremer. It was named after Dr David Trumpy, who was a long-serving and highly-regarded superintendent of Ipswich Hospital from 1920 until 1967.

David Trumpy Bridge, 1987, PI Portrait of Dr David Trumpy SLQ

Town Bridge, early 1960s, PI Lt John Oxley and Allan Cunningham Identified and named the junction of the Bremer River in 1824 while exploring the Brisbane River. Patrick Logan was the first to investigate the Bremer, coming as far as the site of modern Ipswich in a boat rowed by convicts. Floods The worst floods recorded in Ipswich were in 1893, 1974 and 2011. Allan Cunningham SLQ

Lithograph of flood, 1870, PI

Brisbane Street, 1893 flood, PI

Brisbane Street, 1974 flood, PI

First Railway The large sandstone Brisbane Street, 2011 flood, PI abutments on each side of the river are the remains of the 1865 road/rail bridge, built as part of the first section of railway between Ipswich and Grandchester. Called the Bremer Bridge, it catered for both vehicular and railway use. In 1897 a separate structure was erected up stream for railway purposes and the old bridge was then used entirely for vehicular traffic.

The original 1865 bridge with two newer rail bridges adjacent, PI Vickers Vimy aircraft of brothers Ross and Keith Smith undergoing repairs 1920, PI

15 Ipswich Railway Workshops Railway workshops were built at Ipswich in 1864 close to the location of the first railway in Queensland. The railway workshops were needed to assemble the locomotives and rolling stock and undertake repairs for the new railway. For decades the site was the centre of rail construction, maintenance and technology for Queensland’s burgeoning rail industry. In its time more than 200 steam locomotives were constructed there. Thousands of workers have called The Workshops their home over the years. During its peak in World War II, more than 3,000 people worked on site. The workshops experienced a rebirth when in 2002 the site became a world class interactive rail museum. 1919: One unusual task which demonstrated the ability of the railway workers was the repair of an engine and propeller for Ross and Keith Smith. Their plane had been damaged at Charleville in December 1919 after winning a prize for completing the first flight from England to Australia in less than 30 days. 1923: The Ipswich Railway Workshops celebrated the building of its 100th locomotive, a C19 steam engine.

100th locomotive, C19 steam engine, 1923, PI 16 Panton’s Cotton Farm John Panton's cotton farm was on the riverbank at Woodend bounded by Macgregor, Hume and Panton Streets. After several years of experiments, Panton harvested the first commercial crop of cotton in 1862 and sent it to mills in Manchester, England. Cotton growing became a major John Panton industry throughout the region © State of New South Wales for several years. Parliament of New South Wales

Bill of lading 1 7 Ipswich Grammar School Governor Bowen The Governor of Queensland, Sir George Ferguson Bowen officially opened the Ipswich Grammar School on 25 September, 1863. This was the first secondary school in Queensland. Governor Bowen, SLQ Duke of Edinburgh During a two-day visit to Ipswich in 1868, the Duke of Edinburgh (the son of Queen Victoria) climbed the Ipswich Grammar School tower, admired the view and signed the visitor's book. The Duke was bored and very aloof during his stay and the townspeople were upset – the newspaper said that “we regret sincerely that the Duke of Edinburgh ever came to Ipswich”.

Ipswich Grammar School, PI Aftermath of storm, 1930, PI

18 Blair State School In 1930 a massive thunderstorm with heavy hail and strong winds broke over Ipswich. A new wing of Blair State School collapsed during the fierce storm. The wind had swept under the building, twisting it and snapping off the brick supporting piers about a metre above the ground. The new block totally collapsed. Fortunately, no one was hurt – school had finished for the day and a cleaner had just left the building. The Northern Herald 19 Dr Von Lossburg’s House November 1930, NLA German doctor William Henry Von Lossburg arrived in Queensland in 1863 and set up practice in Ipswich, often riding on horseback to see country patients. He was an honorary surgeon at Ipswich Hospital and was the Government Medical Officer. He practised for more than 50 years and at the time of his retirement, he was the oldest doctor registered with the British Medical Association.

William Henry Von Lossburg, SLQ 2 0 Dr Flynn’s Hospital Dr Flynn started St. Mary’s Hospital in Roderick Street in May 1906. It catered for 12 patients and had its own operating room and dispensary. The building which still exists, now called Carrington Guesthouse, was designed by architect Henry Wyman and was built by Con Madden.

In 1919, the Spanish Influenza pandemic reached Ipswich – a serious illness which killed 50 million people around the world. Doctor Flynn worked tirelessly to attend patients. He became ill with the flu himself and died a week later, age 49. Ipswich was greatly affected by the death of the highly regarded Doctor. It was said that he had “sacrificed his life through great devotion to his work”.

The Queenslander May 1906, NLA

St Mary’s Hospital Advertisement ca. 1910, PI 2 1 Denmark Hill Cocky Jerry Jar A small cave on Denmark Hill was once the home of a Chinese man known as “Cocky Jerry Jar”. According to local stories, his real name was Ti. ‘Cocky Jerry Jars’ Cave, ca. 1947, PI He had been cheated out of money he had saved and then came to live in this cave, making a living by selling firewood and doing odd jobs. He was often teased by local boys.

QT Ipswich July 1945, NLA

Blackall Memorial 1961, PI

Governor Blackall The Blackall Memorial honoured popular Governor Samuel Wensley Blackall who died while in office in 1871 after contracting a terminal illness. Governor Blackall was only in office for a short period, but gained a high public regard during this time. The monument was originally located at the intersection of Brisbane and Nicholas Streets, but was moved to Denmark Hill. Governor Blackall, SLQ 2 2 Nerita Gates, Ipswich Showground In June 1939, the Nerita, a 45 foot motor launch, went out into Moreton Bay with 12 people on board, seven from Ipswich. When the boat was overdue for its return, a large scale search was initiated, which included the use of aircraft. The men were never seen again and after a long search only an upturned dingy was found. A memorial service for those lost was held in Ipswich. The Nerita gates and plaque were erected in memory of the victims of the Nerita launch disaster. Nerita Memorial Gates plaque, PI 2 3 Grange Racecourse, Raceview In 1861, a Champion Sweepstakes was held in Ipswich. The prize money was huge for that time, £1100, higher than the Melbourne Cup the same year. The race was won by Zoe, a horse brought up from NSW by steam ship. Zoe was later celebrated by a painting called “Zoe” and a piece of music called “The Zoe Gallop”.

“Zoe” Source: W. F. Emery, NLA, an. 9778174 Explore Further If you have enjoyed this guide to the city centre of Ipswich, there are many other brochures, heritage trails and booklets to help you explore further. These are available at the Ipswich Visitors Information Centre located at Queens Park, 14 Queen Victoria Parade (Brisbane Road), Ipswich. Access is from Chermside Road and Queen Victoria Parade. The centre is open seven days a week. Staff can help you plan your day in Ipswich and can make bookings for accommodation including modern motels and historic homestays. It can also provide a guide service for groups. For further information contact: Ipswich Visitor Information Centre (07) 3281 0555 or visit our website: www.discoveripswich.com.au People Places Events brochures can be downloaded free from the council website: www.ipswich.qld.gov.au/about_ipswich/heritage Please Note: This symbol indicates that there is a ‘Historical Marker’ (brass plaque) at this site. Following abbreviations of photographic sources: IGGS - Ipswich Girls Grammar School NLA - National Library of Australia PI - Picture Ipswich SLNSW - State Library of New South Wales SLQ - State Library of Queensland

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