Personal Feminist Journeys
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UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) The European Feminist Forum: a Herstory (2004-2008) Dütting, G.; Harcourt, W.; Lohmann, K.; McDevitt-Pugh, L.; Semeniuk, J.; Wieringa, S. Publication date 2009 Document Version Final published version Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Dütting, G., Harcourt, W., Lohmann, K., McDevitt-Pugh, L., Semeniuk, J., & Wieringa, S. (2009). The European Feminist Forum: a Herstory (2004-2008). Aletta Institute for Women’s History. http://europeanfeministforum.org/IMG/pdf/EFF_Herstory_web.pdf General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). 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UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:27 Sep 2021 The European Feminist Forum The European Feminist Forum The European Feminist Forum A Herstory (2004–2008) A Herstory (2004–2008) Gisela Dütting, Wendy Harcourt, Kinga Lohmann, Lin McDevitt-Pugh, Joanna Semeniuk and Saskia Wieringa The European Feminist Forum A Herstory (2004–2008) Gisela Dütting, Wendy Harcourt, Kinga Lohmann, Lin McDevitt-Pugh, Joanna Semeniuk and Saskia Wieringa © 2009 Aletta – Institute for Women’s History All rights reserved, including those of translation into foreign languages. The information in this document is freely available to all and may be cited, using the citation text: “(chapter author) 2009, in The European Feminist Forum, A Herstory, 2004-2008, Aletta – Institute for Women’s History, The Netherlands”. Copy editor: The Write Effect, UK Lay-out: Trees Vulto DTP, The Netherlands Aletta – Institute for Women’s History (formerly IIAV) Obiplein 4, 1094 RB. Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.aletta.nu Tel: +31 20 6651318 Email: [email protected] Contents Introduction Lin McDevitt-Pugh 5 describes the vision informing the process of setting up the European Feminist Forum Personal Feminist Journeys Gisela Dütting, Wendy Harcourt, Lin McDevitt-Pugh, Kinga Lohmann, Joanna Semeniuk and Saskia Wieringa 9 gives the contributors’ ‘personal are political’ stories in their journeys as European feminists, as a way of mapping out how they see European feminism today THEME ONE From Solidarity to Affinity and Feminist Communal Identities Saskia Wieringa 29 introduces theoretically the different histories of feminism in Europe, with a focus on issues of solidarity and affinity and communal identities THEME TWO Feminist Resource Mobilization and Building Political Power Kinga Lohmann 39 describes and analyses movement building, funding, accountability, NGO-ization and organizing, through case studies and accountability THEME THREE Economic Change and Migration Gisela Dütting 53 presents the economic issues, migration, precarity and entrepreneurship for feminists in Europe and as they emerged in the European Feminist Forum THEME FOUR Sexual and Bodily Integrity Wendy Harcourt 73 analyses the debates around body politics and sexuality issues in Europe such as heteronormativity, transgender and intersexual debates THEME FIVE Intersectionality and Intergenerational Dialogues Joanna Semeniuk 87 contextualizes the feminist buzz words of intersectionality/intergenerational movement building by looking at new ways of feminist organizing in the European Feminist Forum Conclusion Saskia Wieringa, Gisela Dütting and Wendy Harcourt 99 pulls out some of the main issues that the European Feminist Forum process raised Bibliography 103 A Herstory. .4 . Section 0 Introduction Lin McDevitt-Pugh In 2004 a group of European feminist activists Forum, which had promised to bring together and funders decided to engage in a dialogue with all European social movements, was not a space notable European feminists, in order to take a where the new face of feminism was being dis- fresh look at the focus of women’s movements in covered, discussed, evolved or engaged. The Europe. Three of the five authors of this mono- dominant feeling in the room was that in order graph were at that meeting, held at the offices of to engage in these large international and Euro- women’s funding agency Mama Cash in Amster- pean agendas we first had to rediscover what our dam. It was a year before the 10th anniversary European feminist identity was for us to make an of the United Nations (UN) Fourth World Confer- impact in Europe, in the world and ultimately in ence on Women in Beijing, and many of those at our own communities. the meeting were involved in national activities to monitor government progress on the Beijing We left that meeting with the resolve to see how promises. The participants at the meeting were to bring together our organizations and networks concerned that governments were far from ful- to engage in a broad discussion on twenty-first filling the promises made in Beijing, that fund- century European feminism. ‘Europe,’ we posited ing had not been made available to support the in a message to our networks, ‘is living through a institutions tasked with putting the Platform for phase of rapid change and transition due to mul- Action into action, and that the UN was not plan- tiple forces both within and outside Europe. The ning any follow-up conference to take the work to process of European enlargement, the decline the next level. of the national state, the emphasis of market and consumerism, the growing poverty, social At the meeting we reviewed another UN agenda: and political inequalities and insecurities within the five years of the Millennium Development Europe and outside in the face [of] neo conser- Goals (MDGs – the eight key goals that The Mil- vatism and dominance of the UN all demand a lennium Declaration, adopted by 189 States at the response. Many gains made by women’s rights UN’s Millennium Summit in 2000, identified for movements are under threat as the state retreated 2015 http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/). Our and new forms of fundamentalisms appeared in Amsterdam meeting was just before heads of the guise of appeals to the family and the care state were to meet at a World Summit in Septem- economy.’ ‘Can we,’ we wondered, ‘identify our- ber 2005. While the agendas focused in part on selves as European feminists? Can we craft a dia- women, it was clear that these UN agendas were logue that is multi-faceted, multicultural perhaps not what inspired our work as Europeans and as even multi-political and inspire a much needed feminists. Even the agenda of the Europe Social economic and social transformation in Europe?’ A Herstory. .5 . Introduction (An Invitation to join the European Feminist Forum, agreed to host the process, leading the fundrais- 15 December 2004). ing endeavours and supporting the project staff. In that message Wendy Harcourt (WIDE), Esther Interestingly, the IIAV is a different kind of organi- Vonk (Mama Cash), Ireen Dubel (Hivos), Kinga zation from the others in the Steering Committee. Lohmann (KARAT Coalition), Wanda Nowicka It is a ‘bricks and mortar’ library and archive, with (ASTRA), Malin Bjork (European Women’s Lobby), a huge online offering. It is also activist, and sees Malgorzata Tarasiewicz (Network of East-West information and knowledge as pivotal in advanc- Women), Gisela Dütting and I, representing the ing the position of women. The EFF gave it the International Information Centre and Archives opportunity to play a role in bringing to light the for the Women’s Movement (IIAV)1 invited people diversity of opinions, convictions, struggles and to participate in a broad and inclusive European programmes that characterize women’s move- feminist discussion. We envisaged a discussion ments in Europe today. Hosting the EFF gave the along two paths. One was a European Feminist IIAV an unprecedented opportunity to listen to the Forum (EFF) in cyberspace. Envisaged as a space many voices of women in Europe and be part of for brainstorming, it was to be a way to scope out the process to have those voices heard despite what ‘European’ feminists are doing and to build language and geographical distinctions. a sense of our interests, our political positionings and our ‘voice’ on key issues. The second was an The EFF was envisioned as a large-scale conver- EFF in real time, its programme defined by the sation between hundreds of feminists, each repre- online discussions. Our goal was to hold this event senting part of the spectrum of feminist activism at the end of 2006 or beginning of 2007. in Europe in the twenty-first century. We wanted to nurture new ways of thinking about feminist After bandying the idea around in our organiza- goals and organizational approaches. We wanted tions and networks, face to face and via email to build on new insights through an organic pro- lists, a number of us continued to touch base at cess of bringing individuals together who would various international conferences. We pondered not normally be working together, either because on whether there was there a large enough group of their geography or their activist focus, through of feminists out there to carry this conversation a set of Affinity Groups. We aimed to create a net- forward. Were others sharing our idea that the work of these Affinity Groups in order to cross- time was ripe for a large-scale European discus- pollinate each other’s ideas; as each idea devel- sion, leading to a new feminist agenda? In 2006 we oped and was shared on our interactive website, took the plunge and put this new form of organiz- others would capture it in their activities and keep ing to the test.