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Why Should We Stand for Geothermal Energy ? June 19-21, Example of the Negative Impacts of Oil and Gas 2015

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Why Should We Stand for Geothermal Energy ? June 19-21, Example of the Negative Impacts of Oil and Gas 2015 Why Should We Stand for Geother- mal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, Why Should We Stand for Geothermal Energy ? June 19-21, Example of the Negative Impacts of Oil and Gas 2015. Polina Exploration Activities Over the Marine Environment Lemenkova Presented at International Conference ’Geoenergy’ Outline Grozny State Oil Technical University n.a. M.D. Millionshtchikov Introduction Grozny, Chechnya, Russia Study Area Arctic Environment Settings Polina Lemenkova Barents Sea Ecosystem Geography Meteorology June 19-21, 2015 Mapping Pechora Sea Coasts Currents Environment River-Sea Mapping Thanks Polina Lemenkova Why Should We Stand for Geothermal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. 1 / 15 Bibliography References Why Should We Stand for Outline Geother- mal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. Polina 1. Introduction 4. Pechora Sea Lemenkova Study Area Coasts 2. Arctic Currents Outline Environment Environment Introduction Settings River-Sea Study Area 3. Barents Sea Mapping Arctic Ecosystem 5. Thanks Environment Geography 6. Bibliography Settings Meteorology Barents Mapping Sea Ecosystem Geography Meteorology Mapping Pechora Sea Coasts Currents Environment River-Sea Mapping Thanks Polina Lemenkova Why Should We Stand for Geothermal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. 2 / 15 Bibliography References Why Should We Stand for Study Area Geother- mal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. Polina Lemenkova Outline Introduction Study Area Arctic Environment Settings Barents Sea Ecosystem Geography Figure 1: Source: IBCAO Meteorology Mapping Pechora Sea Coasts Geothermal energy is a clean, environmentally friednly, renewable resource that Currents provides energy around the world. Heat flowing constantly from the interior of the Environment River-Sea Earth ensure to be an inexhaustible supply of energy. However, existing traditional Mapping sources of energy, such as oil and gas are still popular nowadays. Thanks Polina Lemenkova Why Should We Stand for Geothermal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. 3 / 15 Bibliography References Why Should We Stand for Environment Geother- mal Energy ? Grozny, Currents Chechnya, Russia, Distribution of the contaminants in the marine environment is largely dependent on the June ocean currents and physicochemical characteristics. Water-dissolved particles are 19-21, 2015. transported by snow melt and surface waters, intra-ocean currents, groundwater and Polina rivers. Lemenkova Outline Polar Climate Permafrost, excessive wetting of the active layer, low temperature and long freezing Introduction Study Area period slow down chemical and biochemical soil-forming processes in the Polar zone Arctic Environment Impact Factors Settings Atmospheric flows, river and sea currents get connected in Arctic. This cause a Barents long-distance possible transport of the pollutants. In view of this, Arctic is a region with Sea Ecosystem a high environmental risk of the accumulation of pollutants. Geography Meteorology Mapping Food Chains Food chains are main biological pathways for the selective absorption, concentration Pechora Sea and transfer of contaminants by plants and animals. A variety of processes upbrings Coasts pollutants from coastal areas, atmosphere, seas and rivers. This makes Arctic flora Currents Environment and fauna an objects of possible environmental pollution. River-Sea Mapping Thanks Polina Lemenkova Why Should We Stand for Geothermal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. 4 / 15 Bibliography References Why Should We Stand for Settings Geother- mal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Arctic: small yet important Russia, ’Arctic is a kitchen of weather’. Arctic Ocean is the smallest among the oceans. June 19-21, However, according to the climate data, its role in the formation of the global climate 2015. invaluable. Sweet water formed from icebergs and coming through the surface waters Polina Lemenkova is a part of the interoceanic circulation system of ocean currents. Through circulation system, Arctic waters are connected to the Atlantic and the World Ocean. Therefore, Outline oil pollution of the Arctic seas is dangerous. Introduction Study Area Low recovery speed Arctic Development of offshore oil fields is negative for the northern seas, due to the low Environment Settings rates of the recovery processes. Chemical, biochemical and microbiological oxidation Barents has slow speed in the Arctic, due to low water and air temperatures. Therefore, the Sea pollution of the sea waters and soil of the Arctic can be higher compared to temperate Ecosystem and tropical zones. Geography Meteorology Mapping Global environmental ecosystem Pechora The continent and sea basins are the natural components of a global environmental Sea Coasts ecosystem. Therefore, any changes and pollution affect functioning of the individual Currents parts of the ecosystem: lakes, seas, coastal areas. Environment River-Sea Mapping Thanks Polina Lemenkova Why Should We Stand for Geothermal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. 5 / 15 Bibliography References Why Should We Stand for Ecosystem Geother- mal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. Polina Lemenkova Outline Introduction Study Area Arctic Environment Settings Barents Sea Ecosystem Geography Meteorology Mapping Figure 2: Graphics source: author Pechora Sea Coasts General Currents Barents Sea - marginal and the most western of the Arctic Ocean seas. Hydrologically, it is Environment River-Sea connected with the Norwegian and Greenland seas, Central Arctic basin, Kara Sea and White Sea. Mapping Located beyond the Arctic Circle, but directly connected with North Atlantic, it has specific climatic conditions. Thanks Polina Lemenkova Why Should We Stand for Geothermal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. 6 / 15 Bibliography References Why Should We Stand for Geography Geother- mal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Specific Russia, June A characteristic feature of the Barents Sea: warm waters coming from the North 19-21, 2015. Atlantic come into contact with the cold waters of the Arctic. Permafrost, excessive Polina moistening of the active layer, low temperature and long freezing period slow down Lemenkova chemical and biochemical soil-forming processes in the polar zone. Outline Examples Introduction Study Area Bioproductivity: Barents Sea is the most highly productive north Russian seas. Water Arctic circulation is determined by the interaction of the main two oppositely directed flows: Environment Atlantic and Arctic. Rich biota in the Barents Sea is explained by active light regime Settings during Polar summer, advantageous geographical settings and income of the warm Barents North Atlantic currents into the high latitudes. Sea Ecosystem Geography Submarine Geomorphology Meteorology Mapping Vast ice fields, drifting icebergs that do not melt during the year, inhibit the development of the wave processes. These processes in the coastal zone => Pechora Sea formation of an anomalous flattened profile of the underwater coastal slope of the Coasts Barents Sea => distribution of finely dispersed sediments not typical of the inner shelf. Currents Environment River-Sea Mapping Thanks Polina Lemenkova Why Should We Stand for Geothermal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. 7 / 15 Bibliography References Why Should We Stand for Meteorology Geother- mal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. Polina Lemenkova Outline Introduction Study Area Arctic Environment Settings Barents Sea Ecosystem Geography Meteorology Mapping Climatic Conditions Pechora The climatic conditions of the Barents region are determined by its polar position and Sea the warming influence of the North Atlantic. Distribution of the precipitation is the result Coasts of a complex interaction of the circulation processes. Currents Environment River-Sea Mapping Thanks Polina Lemenkova Why Should We Stand for Geothermal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. 8 / 15 Bibliography References Why Should We Stand for Mapping Geother- mal Energy ? • Distribution of the petroleum Grozny, Chechnya, hydrocarbons in the bottom layer of Russia, the Barents Sea. June 19-21, • The map shows two zones of the 2015. increased concentrations of phenols Polina Lemenkova and oil pollution: western and eastern areas. Outline • Atlantic waters are the main source in Introduction Study Area the west. Arctic • White Sea water is the main source in Environment the east. Settings • Barents Increased values are noted in the Kola Sea Bay and in the adjacent water area Ecosystem Geography • The annual inflow of oil to the marine Meteorology environment of the oceans from Mapping various sources is ca. 1.7-8.7 M tons. Pechora Sea • Due to the development of the oil Coasts fields in Arctic regions, especially in Currents Environment the Barents and Kara Seas, the flow River-Sea of oil products increased. Mapping Figure 3: Source: Author. Mapping: ArcGIS Thanks Polina Lemenkova Why Should We Stand for Geothermal Energy ? Grozny, Chechnya, Russia, June 19-21, 2015. 9 / 15 Bibliography References Why Should We Stand for Coasts Geother- Location mal Energy ? Pechora Sea is a south-eastern part of the Grozny, Barents Sea. Chechnya, Russia, June Population 19-21, 2015. The coast of the Pechora Sea is poorly Polina populated. Among the settlements of the Lemenkova coastal zone, the largest are Naryan-Mar, Outline Varandey, Vangurey in the Pechora Bay, Introduction Korotaikha, Bugrino. Study Area Arctic
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