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2015 Status of Major Stocks

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2015 Status of Major Stocks 2015 Status of Major Stocks Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry Lake Erie Management Unit March 2016 The Lake Erie Management Unit of the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry is responsible for managing the fishery resources of the Ontario waters of Lake Erie as well as the upper Niagara River, the Detroit River, Lake St. Clair, and the St. Clair River. Ontario has been responsible for managing the fishery resources of these waters since 1898. In 1992, the Lake Erie Management Unit was created to improve Ontario’s ability to manage these important resources. The Unit is based in London with field offices in Port Dover and Wheatley. VISION: The Lake Erie Management Unit will contribute to the environmental, social, and economic well-being of the people of Ontario through the sustainable development of fishery resources within the Lake Erie basin. MISSION: To ensure the long-term health of the Lake Erie ecosystem and to promote the sustainable harvest and development of its fishery resource through sound science, assessment, regulation, and advocacy. GOAL: To foster and encourage the understanding of all users and partners on the complexity of managing the fishery resource of Lake Erie, to minimize conflict, and to endorse sound fishery management practices. Under the Joint Strategic Plan for Management of Great Lakes Fisheries, the fisheries resources of Lake Erie and Lake St Clair are managed cooperatively by Ontario and the four U.S. states – New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio and Michigan. Cover Photo (top to bottom): - (Large Photo) Rainbow over Wheatley Harbour, December 14, 2016 - Port Dover Rehabilitation Ecologist, Tom MacDougall and Ohio Department of Natural Resources Fisheries Biologist, Matthew Faust, working on the Grand River Walleye Tagging Program - Wheatley Fisheries Technicians, Rob Dietz, Chris Thomas and Christine Benoit working on the Thames River Walleye Tagging Program - Port Dover’s Summer Experience Student, Chris Haines and Fisheries Technician, Nathan Trebych, processing a Yellow Perch sample for the Commercial Catch Sampling program. 2015 Status of Major Stocks Lake Erie Management Unit March 2016 © Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2016 ISSN 1718-4924 (Print) ISBN 978-1-4606-7457-4 (Print) ISSN 1925-5454 (PDF) ISBN 978-1-4606-7458-1 (PDF) Citation: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (OMNRF). 2016. 2015 Status of Major Stocks Lake Erie Management Unit, ISSN 1718-4924 (Print), ISBN 978-1-4606-7457-4 (Print), ISSN 1925-5454 (PDF), ISBN 978-1-4606-7458-1 (PDF). 135 pp. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FORWARD ............................................................................................................. 1 1. STATUS OF MAJOR SPECIES ............................................................................. 2 2. COMMERCIAL FISHERY 2.1 Lake Erie Fishery .................................................................................... 4 2.2 Inner Long Point Bay Fishery .................................................................. 16 3. LAKE ERIE SPORT FISHERY DIARY PROGRAM ................................................ 17 4. INDEX FISHING PROJECTS 4.1 Partnership Index Fishing: Gill Netting .................................................... 27 4.2 Index Trawling: Western Lake Erie ......................................................... 61 4.3 Long Point Bay Index Trawl Surveys ....................................................... 73 4.4 Long Point Bay Nearshore Fish Community Survey ................................ 89 5. FISHERIES MANAGEMENT PROJECTS 5.1 Lake Erie Asian Carp Surveillance Program ............................................ 97 5.2 Lake Erie Yellow Perch PIT Tagging Study ............................................. 98 6. LAKE ST. CLAIR PROJECTS 6.1 St. Clair System Sport Fishery Diary Program ......................................... 111 6.2 Lake St. Clair Fall Trap Net Index ............................................................ 115 6.3 Lake St. Clair Nearshore Index Fishing Program ..................................... 122 6.4 Walleye Tagging in Lake St. Clair Tributaries ......................................... 128 APPENDIX A: Operational Field and Lab Schedule 2015 ............................................ 134 APPENDIX B: Lake Erie Management Unit Staff 2015 ................................................. 135 FORWARD The mission of the Lake Erie Management Unit (LEMU) is to provide leadership and direction on sustainable resource management for Lake Erie, by maintaining and, where possible enhancing the social, economic, cultural and environmental benefits of the lake’s rich aquatic resources. The LEMU works to achieve this through its annual fisheries assessment programs, Port Observer program and management activities on the Canadian waters of Lake Erie, Lake St. Clair and connecting waters. Presently the LEMU maintains facilities in Wheatley, Port Dover, and London. The Province of Ontario and four U.S. States share the responsibility for managing Lake Erie’s fishery resource. Since fish populations do not recognize borders, international cooperation is essential to the sustainable management of Lake Erie’s fisheries. This cooperation is achieved via the Lake Erie Committee (LEC), which is comprised of representatives from state and provincial fisheries management agencies under the auspices of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission (GLFC). On a rotational basis, Ontario’s Lake Erie Manager either chairs or vice-chairs this committee. Lake Erie Management Unit staff make key contributions to all of the LEC Task Groups, which jointly pursue scientific objectives, evaluate international fisheries management strategies, and set harvest levels for the lake. The Lake Erie Management Unit consults regularly with resource management partners, namely Ontario sport and commercial fish interests on Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair. The principal venue for this consultation process is the Fisheries Management Zone 19 Council. Within this group, representatives from the sport and commercial bait and food fisheries discuss emergent and long- term fisheries issues, with the Lake Erie Manager acting as chair and facilitator. In addition, the Lake Erie Management Unit participates in the Lake Erie Percid Management Advisory Group (LEPMAG), which was established to help guide future Walleye and Yellow Perch management in Lake Erie. This group consists of LEC members, agency staff, and stakeholders from all jurisdictions bordering Lake Erie, and is facilitated by staff from the Quantitative Fisheries Centre of Michigan State University. In addition, the unit leads and through collaboration with Regional Operating Division, Science and Research Branch and Biodiversity Branch Policy Division, supports numerous projects under the Canada Ontario Agreement with respect to Great Lakes ecosystems. These projects include native species restoration, state of resource science, invasive species surveillance and response as well as ecosystem restoration. The purpose of the LEMU Status of Stocks report is to summarize and present Ontario’s assessment and fishery data for Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair. This data is incorporated with similar information from the U.S. jurisdictions and analyses are performed by various task groups to determine population status, and recommended harvest levels that are consistent with LEC objectives. The LEMU Team is pleased to present this report to our stakeholders and colleagues, and welcome any questions or comments you may have on its content. For further information please contact one of our leadership team representatives: Wheatley Fisheries Station-Headquarters Port Dover Fisheries Station Brian Locke, Lake Manager Kurt Oldenburg Emily Slavik, Assessment Supervisor Fisheries Ecology Supervisor 320 Milo Road 49 Passmore Ave, Unit #7, Box 429 Wheatley, Ontario Port Dover, Ontario N0P 2P0 N0A 1N0 519-825-4684 519-583-3082 2 1. STATUS OF MAJOR SPECIES The following is an overview of the status of major species in Ontario waters of Lake Erie for 2015. International lakewide perspectives are available in the following reports of the Lake Erie Committee (LEC) of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission: Walleye Task Group Report Yellow Perch Task Group Report Forage Task Group Report Cold Water Task Group Report Habitat Task Group Report Walleye The lakewide commercial Walleye harvest (4.9 million pounds) in 2015 approximated the mean harvest from 2000 to present (4.8 million pounds) but was below the mean harvest from the inception of individual transferable quotas (ITQs) (1984 to present; 6.4 million pounds). In 2015, the commercial Walleye fishery was composed mainly of the 2003 (age 12), and 2014 (age 1) year classes, with contributions from the 2011 (age 3), 2013 (age 2), and 2010 (age 4) year classes. Age 1 Walleye were mainly captured as bycatch in small mesh (<3” mesh size) gill net fisheries. The lakewide fall gill net survey also indicated a strong presence of age 12 and age 1 Walleye. These year classes will continue to contribute to the fishery in 2015. Interagency trawling to assess year class strength indicated a strong 2014 year class and a strong 2015 year class. The fall gill net survey also indicated a strong 2015 year class which will recruit to the fishery in 2017. Overall, the abundance of fishable Walleye in the west and central basins is at a below average level, but is expected to improve by 2017. In 2010, the LEC formed the Lake Erie Percid Management Advisory Group (LEPMAG), consisting of Lake Erie
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