Real Camels, Unreal Monkeys, and Man Made Sound: an Elaboration on the Context of Curiosity

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Real Camels, Unreal Monkeys, and Man Made Sound: an Elaboration on the Context of Curiosity REAL CAMELS, UNREAL MONKEYS, AND MAN MADE SOUND: AN ELABORATION ON THE CONTEXT OF CURIOSITY Gisa Jähnichen Shanghai Conservatory of Music [email protected] Abstract This exp oration of how a speci!c environment shapes research is to re"ind ourse ves of so"e core tas#s of acade"ic thinking. $ a" an acade"ician. %cade"icians are given space& ti"e& and often "ateria support to do what they are "eant to do. On the one hand& it is sure y a sha"e how acade"icians are often deva ued by non-acade"ic decisions and bureaucratic actions even in the "ost deve oped and supposed y civi i)ed societies. On the other hand& as it is cha enging to beco"e an acade"ician, "any of us "ay think that the "ateria support has a ready been earned just by being an acade"ician thus not showing "uch co""it"ent to engage with further research activities. This is a fruit ess approach, a dead end. Support in whatever shape is a ways a credit given based on trust and hope into one*s own intrinsic capacity for curiosity. $t is not usua y given through an o+cia institution or awarding body. $ think& no authority or re igious be ief can ever co"p ete y eradicate a sense of adventurous curiosity a"ong peop e a over the wor d. Sure y& only a few dare to satisfy it. Therefore& despite the rea di"ensions of supportive behavior practiced in institutions& universities& or fa"i ies& the credit given in advance is in any case an invest"ent in the better"ent of ife& in the creation of #now edge or of too s to gain #now edge& that faci itate understanding even of so"e see"ing y use ess "atters and their potentia app ication. ,otwithstanding ana y)ing so"e patterns of conte"porary research idea is" -Cacioppo et a & .//01& the story is about so"e very si"p e observations on the fringe of a journey into the center of the %sian continent& into a city that is in each direction "ore than 2333 #" fro" the sea4 5ru"6i and its surroundings. The journey too# p ace .3 years ago and with this ti"e distance and the experiences of ater encounters& so"e hu"b e 6uestions can be raised Gisa Jähnichen& 7ea Ca"e s& 5nrea Mon#eys& and Man Made Sound4 an 8 aboration on the 86 Context of Curiosity& Música em Contexto& 9ras: ia ,;. -<3.=14 >2(..3. that wi he p to individua ise and a so broaden a historica understanding of co""unications between "an and beast. $ start with "y report. Keyw r!s4 curiosity& eco"usico ogy& #now edge "anage"ent& Centra %sia& ?injiang. Res"# 8sta investiga@Ao de co"o u" a"biente espec:!co "o da a pes6uisa serve para e"brar(nos de a gu"as tarefas bBsicas do pensa"ento acadC"ico. Sou u"a acadC"ica. 's acadC"icos recebe" espa@o& te"po e& "uitas ve)es& suporte "ateria para fa)er o 6ue e es deve" fa)er. Dor u" ado& certa"ente E u"a pena 6ue os acadC"icos seja" "uitas ve)es desva ori)ados por decisFes não(acadC"icas e a@Fes burocrBticas& "es"o nas sociedades "ais desenvo vidas e& suposta"ente& civi i)adas. Dor outro ado& co"o E u" desa!o tornar(se u" acadC"ico& "uitos de nós pode pensar 6ue a ajuda "ateria E "erecida apenas por ser u" acadC"ico& não "ostrando "uito co"pro"isso e" participar de atividades de pes6uisa adicionais. 8sta E u"a abordage" infrut:fera& u" beco se" sa:da. % ajuda e" 6ua 6uer for"a E se"pre u" crEdito dado co" base na confian@a e esperança na prGpria capacidade intr:nseca de ser curioso. 8 essa capacidade não E obtida por "eio de u"a institui@Ao o!cia ou de !nancia"ento. 8u acredito 6ue nenhu"a autoridade ou crença re igiosa pode erradicar co"p eta"ente a sensa@Ao de curiosidade aventureira entre pessoas de todo o "undo. Certa"ente& apenas a guns se atreve" a satisfa)C( a. Dortanto& apesar das di"ensFes reais do apoio praticado por institui@Fes& universidades ou fa": ias& o crEdito antecipado E& e" 6ua 6uer caso& u" investi"ento no "e hora"ento da vida& na cria@Ao de conheci"ento ou de ferra"entas para obter conheci"ento& 6ue faci ite" a co"preensAo "es"o de a gu"as 6uestFes aparente"ente inúteis e sua potencia ap ica@Ao. %pesar de ana isar a guns padrFes de idea is"o da pes6uisa conte"porInea -Cacioppo et a & .//01& a histGria E sobre a gu"as observa@Fes "uito si"p es J "arge" de u"a viage" ao centro do continente asiBtico& e" u"a cidade 6ue E& e" cada dire@Ao& "ais de 2333 #" do "ar4 5ru"6i e seus arredores. % viage" ocorreu há .3 anos e& 7evista do Drogra"a de DGs(Gradua@Ao e" MHsica da 5niversidade de 9ras: ia %no ?$& vo u"e . -outubro de <3.=1 Gisa Jähnichen& 7ea Ca"e s& 5nrea Mon#eys& and Man Made Sound4 %n 8 aboration on the Context of Curiosity& Música em Contexto& 9ras: ia ,;. -<3.=14 >2(..3. 87 co" essa distIncia te"pora e as experiCncias de encontros posteriores& a gu"as 6uestFes hu"i des pode" ajudar a individua i)ar e ta"bE" a"p iar u"a co"preensAo histGrica das co"unica@Fes entre ho"ens e ani"ais. 8u co"e@o co" "eu re atGrio. Palavras-chave: curiosidade, ecomusicologia, gestão do conhecimento, Ásia Central, Xinjiang. Re$ rt % 5ru"6i& China. % sunny day in Septe"ber <330. $ cou d not s"e anything at a . The air was so c ean and dry that "y ips were getting chapped after $ inha ed a few ti"es without having covered "y face. % other #inds of prevention fai ed. The odor ess air was a new and strange experience that see"ed to be usefu in an odd way. In a 8uropean )oo ogica garden& one cou d s"e a ca"e enc osure from far away. ,ot so in 5ru"6i. 'n y standing right in front of this ship of the desert and ooking into its eyes can one beca"e aware of its presence. The eyes into which I have ooked at the centra "arket of 5ru"6i were big& round and not entire y b ac#. They gave "e an i"pression of honesty. The beast was a ready aged& not very ta & and of a subli"e ca "ness. 8very day& I guess& it has to carry a ot of curious peop e. %"ong the" wi d y ju"ping or crying chi dren& overt y anxious adies or very heavy gent e"en. That "ay have contributed to its serenity. $ts fur was strong and !r". Kina y& it was rea y re axing to sit on its natura sadd e and ride up and down the "ain road for a whi e. $t fe t as if a the stress of the journey sudden y dropped from "y shou ders. Low wou d it be to sit on a ca"e for a ong ride through the desert or the "ountainsM % one the thoughts of "issing comfort and body pain brought bac# the stress. $ got down then and buried "y hands in the ca"e *s thic# fur. $t sudden y ooked at "e as though it wanted to chat 7evista do Drogra"a de DGs(Gradua@Ao e" MHsica da 5niversidade de 9ras: ia %no ?$& vo u"e . -outubro de <3.=1 Gisa Jähnichen& 7ea Ca"e s& 5nrea Mon#eys& and Man Made Sound4 an 8 aboration on the 88 Context of Curiosity& Música em Contexto& 9ras: ia ,;. -<3.=14 >2(..3. a bit. $ whispered a than# you in its right ear and went oN. My co eagues were waiting for "e. Kig. .4 9actrian ca"e & painting by %nne Oerber -by courtesy1. Pater $ was told that in desert and steppe com"unities peop e ove their ca"e s above everything& however& in a complete y diNerent way from those infatuated 8uropeans ike "e. Ca"e s are essentia and c ose to the people*s ives. Therefore& they are personi!ed as being "ost y of a cheerfu character& having specia physica and "enta s#i s& being from ti"e to ti"e e"otiona or stubborn. ,o ca"e is ike the other. The peop e around 5ru"6i& 5yghurs& Oa)a#hs& Oyrgy)& 5)beks& Taji#s& Mongols& Tartars& and others& have sharp y 7evista do Drogra"a de DGs(Gradua@Ao e" MHsica da 5niversidade de 9ras: ia %no ?$& vo u"e . -outubro de <3.=1 Gisa Jähnichen& 7ea Ca"e s& 5nrea Mon#eys& and Man Made Sound4 %n 8 aboration on the Context of Curiosity& Música em Contexto& 9ras: ia ,;. -<3.=14 >2(..3. 89 diNerentiating ideas about and experiences with ca"e s and peop e& s#i s that are very he pfu in their dai y socia practice. I##e!iate Re'ectio( a(! Early A(alysis Qhi e in 8urope ca"e s are at best #nown for nice war" home s ippers "ade of ca"e hair or antistatic brushes used for optica tools& ca"e s are a far "ore essentia part of the wor d in the inner"ost area of %sia.
Recommended publications
  • Trapped in a Virtual Cage: Chinese State Repression of Uyghurs Online
    Trapped in a Virtual Cage: Chinese State Repression of Uyghurs Online Table of Contents I. Executive Summary..................................................................................................................... 2 II. Methodology .............................................................................................................................. 5 III. Background............................................................................................................................... 6 IV. Legislation .............................................................................................................................. 17 V. Ten Month Shutdown............................................................................................................... 33 VI. Detentions............................................................................................................................... 44 VII. Online Freedom for Uyghurs Before and After the Shutdown ............................................ 61 VIII. Recommendations................................................................................................................ 84 IX. Acknowledgements................................................................................................................. 88 Cover image: Composite of 9 Uyghurs imprisoned for their online activity assembled by the Uyghur Human Rights Project. Image credits: Top left: Memetjan Abdullah, courtesy of Radio Free Asia Top center: Mehbube Ablesh, courtesy of
    [Show full text]
  • Without Land, There Is No Life: Chinese State Suppression of Uyghur Environmental Activism
    Without land, there is no life: Chinese state suppression of Uyghur environmental activism Table of Contents Summary ..............................................................................................................................2 Cultural Significance of the Environment and Environmentalism ......................................5 Nuclear Testing: Suppression of Uyghur Activism ...........................................................15 Pollution and Ecological Destruction in East Turkestan ...................................................30 Lack of Participation in Decision Making: Development and Displacement ....................45 Legal Instruments...............................................................................................................61 Recommendations ..............................................................................................................66 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................69 Endnotes .............................................................................................................................70 Cover image: Dead toghrak (populus nigra) tree in Niya. Photo courtesy of Flickr 1 Summary The intimate connection between the Uyghur people and the land of East Turkestan is celebrated in songs and poetry written and performed in the Uyghur language. Proverbs in Uyghur convey how the Uyghur culture is tied to reverence of the land and that an individual’s identity is inseparable
    [Show full text]
  • Teach Uyghur Project Educational Outreach Document
    TEACH UYGHUR PROJECT EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH DOCUMENT UYGHUR AMERICAN ASSOCIATION / NOVEMBER 2020 Who are the Uyghurs? The Uyghurs are a Turkic, majority Muslim ethnic group indigenous to Central Asia. The Uyghur homeland is known to Uyghurs as East Turkistan, but is officially known and internationally recognized as the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Due to the occupation of their homeland by the Qing Dynasty of China and the colonization of East Turkistan initiated by the Chinese Communist Party, many Uyghurs have fled abroad. There are several hundred thousand Uyghurs living in the independent Central Asian states of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan, as well as a large diaspora in Turkey and in Europe. There are and estimated 8,000 to 10,000 Uyghurs in the United States. The Uyghur people are currently being subjected to a campaign of mass incarceration, mass surveillance, forced labor, population control, and genocide, perpetrated by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). About the Uyghur American Association (UAA) Established in 1998, the Uyghur American Association (UAA) is a non-partisan organization with the chief goals of promoting and preserving Uyghur culture, and supporting the right of Uyghur people to use peaceful, democratic means to determine their own political futures. Based in the Washington D.C. Metropolitan Area, the UAA serves as the primary hub for the Uyghur diaspora community in the United States. About the "Teach Uyghur Project" Education is a powerful tool for facilitating change. The goal of this project is to encourage teachers to teach about Uyghurs, and to persuade schools, and eventually state legislatures, to incorporate Uyghurs into primary and secondary school curriculum.
    [Show full text]
  • Experiences of Uyghur Migration to Turkey and the United States: Issues of Religion, Law, Society, Residence, and Citizenship
    _full_alt_author_running_head (neem stramien B2 voor dit chapter en dubbelklik nul hierna en zet 2 auteursnamen neer op die plek met and): 0 _full_articletitle_deel (kopregel rechts, vul hierna in): Uyghur Migration to Turkey and the Usa _full_article_language: en indien anders: engelse articletitle: 0 174 Beydulla Chapter 10 Experiences of Uyghur Migration to Turkey and the United States: Issues of Religion, Law, Society, Residence, and Citizenship Mettursun Beydulla 1 Introduction At least one million Uyghurs now live outside their homeland Xinjiang, also known as the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) and East Turkistan. The experience of migration has been a reality for many years for these Dias- pora Uyghurs. They reside in about 50 different countries around the world, but two locales where Uyghurs reside, Turkey and the US, will be the focus of this paper. First, I will describe the migrations to Turkey—when, why and how they were treated. Then I will focus on the US. Following that, I will describe and analyze the differing experiences of the various waves of migrants in light of five topics. The first topic is religion, where I will compare the traditional dichotomy of migration to a Muslim and/or a non-Muslim state, the Dār al- Islām and Dār al-Kufr. The second topic will be the issue of law and the imple- mentation of changing laws during the periods of migration. The third topic is society, specifically the integration of migrants into their new home cultures. The fourth is residence, which encompasses both legal and illegal means of staying or residing in a country and how this impacts the fifth topic, citizen- ship.
    [Show full text]
  • Sacred Right Defiled: China’S Iron-Fisted Repression of Uyghur Religious Freedom
    Sacred Right Defiled: China’s Iron-Fisted Repression of Uyghur Religious Freedom A Report by the Uyghur Human Rights Project Table of Contents Executive Summary...........................................................................................................2 Methodology.......................................................................................................................5 Background ........................................................................................................................6 Features of Uyghur Islam ........................................................................................6 Religious History.....................................................................................................7 History of Religious Persecution under the CCP since 1949 ..................................9 Religious Administration and Regulations....................................................................13 Religious Administration in the People’s Republic of China................................13 National and Regional Regulations to 2005..........................................................14 National Regulations since 2005 ...........................................................................16 Regional Regulations since 2005 ..........................................................................19 Crackdown on “Three Evil Forces”—Terrorism, Separatism and Religious Extremism..............................................................................................................23
    [Show full text]
  • Society, Culture and Politics in Xinjiang Course No: SA 661 Total Credits: Three (3) Course Teacher: Dr
    Course Title: Society, Culture and Politics in Xinjiang Course No: SA 661 Total Credits: Three (3) Course Teacher: Dr. Mahesh Ranjan Debata INTRODUCTION China’s Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) borders three Central Asian Republics - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, as well as Russia, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India. In terms of territory, XUAR is the largest province of China with Uyghur Muslims as the majority. A sizeable Muslim population in almost all the countries bordering this region, a complex geography, history, ethno-cultural and religious diversity as well as abundant natural resources have catapulted XUAR into one of China’s most important and strategic regions. Against this backdrop, the Course, “Society, Culture and Politics in Xinjiang”, begins with a brief historical outline of the Xinjiang region. It discusses social, cultural and political aspects of the situation in Xinjiang with emphasis on the problems of ethnicity, ethno-nationalism, religion etc. The Course analyses the nature of radical Islam in Xinjiang leading to violent separatist and terrorist activities. The Course deals with the regional government structure in Xinjiang with special focus on Chinese policy towards the minority nationalities. EVALUATION PATTERN 1. Term Paper and Presentation 2. Book Review 3. End Semester Examination COURSE CONTENTS 1. History of Xinjiang A. Han Rule; Tang Period; Xinjiang under Yuan Dynasty; Ming Rule; Manchu Qing Era B. Yakub Beg Regime: Creation of first Islamic Republic in Xinjiang C. Xinjiang under Republican China: Rule by Chinese Warlords: Yang Tseng Hsin; Chin Shu-jen; Sheng Shih-tsai) D. Soviet Influence in Xinjiang E. East Turkestan Republic in 1930s and 1940s F.
    [Show full text]
  • Loanwords in Uyghur in a Historical and Socio-Cultural Perspective (1), DOI: 10.46400/Uygur.712733 , Sayı: 2020/15, S
    Uluslararası Uygur Araştırmaları Dergisi Sulaiman, Eset (2020). Loanwords in Uyghur in a Historical and Socio-Cultural Perspective (1), DOI: 10.46400/uygur.712733 , Sayı: 2020/15, s. 31-69. LOANWORDS IN UYGHUR IN A HISTORICAL AND SOCIO-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE (1) [Araştırma Makalesi-Research Article] Eset SULAIMAN* Geliş Tarihi: 01.04.2020 Kabul Tarihi: 13.06.2020 Abstract Modern Uyghur is one of the Eastern Turkic languages which serves as the regional lingua franca and spoken by the Uyghur people living in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) of China, whose first language is not Mandarin Chinese. The number of native Uyghur speakers is currently estimated to be more than 12 million all over the world (Uyghur language is spoken by more than 11 million people in East Turkistan, the Uyghur homeland. It is also spoken by more than 300,000 people in Kazakhstan, and there are Uyghur-speaking communities in Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, India, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Mongolia, Australia, Germany, the United States of America, Canada and other countries). The Old Uyghur language has a great number of loanwords adopted from different languages at different historical periods. The loanwords come from sources such as ancient Chinese, the ancient Eastern Iranian languages of Saka, Tocharian and Soghdian of the Tarim Basin. Medieval Uyghur, which developed from Old Uyghur and Karakhanid Turkic, is in contrast to Old Uyghur, is a language containing a substantial amount of Arabic and Persian lexical elements. Modern Uyghur was developed on the basis of Chaghatay Turki, which had also been heavily influenced by Arabic and Persian vocabularies.
    [Show full text]
  • Uyghur Art Music and the Ambiguities of Chinese Silk Roadism
    political projects of modern times. Uyghur Art Music and the After Russian and Qing expansion divided Central Eurasia into Ambiguities of Chinese discrete empires in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, their * Silk Roadism in Xinjiang twentieth-century successor states hardened the border James A. Millward between Chinese and Soviet Georgetown University, Central Asia and further sub- Washington, D. C. divided the heart of the Silk Road into peoples and lands organized The Silk Road is at once an The performers themselves, on national lines as “republics” object of scholarly inquiry, a as well as the audiences, learned and “autonomous” administrative romantic notion, and a potent much from the unprecedented units. As Theodore Levin has metaphor. Its metaphorical juxtaposition of related tradi- shown in his Central Asian impact was clear from the 2002 tions; musicians attended each musicological ethnography Ten- Summer Smithsonian Folklife other’s performances, and using thousand Fools of God, Soviet Festival in Washington DC, which whatever common languages nationality projects had a deep was devoted to Silk Road they could (mostly Turkic and and complex impact upon the cultures. The two-week event Russian) they shared songs, musics of the Central Asian was staged in a series of lavishly techniques and fellowship both republics (Levin 1996). Below, I decorated tents and pavilions on during the festival and after- explore a similar process at work the National Mall (the open hours at a local Holiday Inn. And under the PRC in Xinjiang. space between the Smithsonian over it all shone the smile of Yo- Popularity, Utility and Irony of the Museums) while Al Qaeda Yo Ma, whose intellectual and Silk Road Notion in China terrorism, the on-going Afghan musical contribution to the war, and the crescendoing festival was great, and whose Though the Silk Road idea has campaign for war against Iraq own Silk Road Ensemble proved popular in many places, were not far from anyone’s mind.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 368 3rd International Conference on Art Studies: Science, Experience, Education (ICASSEE 2019) Study on China's Uyghur Twelve Muqam in the Past 40 Years of Reform and Opening up Nurbiye Imin School of Uyghur Language and Culture Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou, China 730030 Rehemitulla Tudaji Osman Juma* School of Uyghur Language and Culture School of Uyghur Language and Culture Northwest Minzu University Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou, China 730030 Lanzhou, China 730030 *Corresponding Author Abstract—Uyghur Muqam is one of the treasures of "'China's Uyghur muqam' is the general name of all kinds Chinese cultural heritages. After the founding of People's of muqam popular in the communities of Uyghur people in Republic of China, especially since the reform and opening up Xinjiang, China. It is a large-scale comprehensive art form 40 years ago, with the care of the Party and the government, integrating song, dance and music." [2](P.2) It is the and the support of leaders at all levels and relevant crystallization of culture and art created by the Uyghur departments, great achievements have been made in the rescue, people in the long-term production and living practice, and excavation, collation and research of Uyghur Muqam. This the product of the highly developed Uyghur song and dance paper focuses on the introduction of the Uyghur Twelve music. The representative of "China's Uyghur Muqam" in Muqam, discusses the Uyghur Twelve Muqam published in Xinjiang, China is "Twelve Muqam", which also contains Chinese and Uyghur over the past 40 years, monographs and muqam with local characteristics, including "Dulan Muqam", collections of papers related to the Uyghur Muqam, and analyzes the achievements in the study and inheritance of "Turpan Muqam" and "Kumul Muqam".
    [Show full text]
  • California State University, Northridge
    CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE Gulbahar, an Intercultural Chinese-Uyghur Dance-Drama Inspired by Romeo and Juliet and Medea A graduate project submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Arts in Theatre By Yusufu Guzhanuer August 2020 The thesis of Yusufu Guzhanuer is approved: ______________________________________ __________________ Dr. Meiqin Wang Date ______________________________________ __________________ Professor. Garry D Lennon Date ______________________________________ __________________ Dr. Ah-jeong Kim, Chair Date California State University, Northridge ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Time flies! My graduate study in the United States has come to a successful end in May 2020, but this is when my journey starts. In looking back at my graduate years, I have attained a lot, which would not have been possible without the help and guidance of people in the program. First of all, I would like to thank Dr. Kim for her kind guidance. She helped open my eyes to new ways of thinking, and I was able to attain in-depth knowledge of world theatre and drama, which I will carry with me for life. I also wish to thank my committee members, Dr. Meiqin Wang, a prominent art historian and author of many books in Chinese art in the Department of Art and Professor Garry Lennon, an expert scholar and practitioner in costume design. I appreciate Dr. Wang and Professor Lennon for their generous time and efforts. Secondly, I am very grateful to California State University, Northridge for opening the door to the Master’s program in the Department of Theatre. All the courses and learning environment provided during my stay gave me a new understanding of theatre arts which will continue to inspire my work in the future.
    [Show full text]
  • Alternative Report for the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights for Its Upcoming Session on the People's Republic of China
    ALTERNATIVE REPORT FOR THE COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS FOR ITS UPCOMING SESSION ON THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA MARCH 2013 Adolf-Kolpingstr.9, 80336 Munich, Germany Tel: +49 89 54321999, Fax: +49 89 54349789 [email protected], www.uyghurcongress.org 1 Contents Abbreviation …........................................................................................................... p. 3 Executive Summary …................................................................................................. P. 4 Articles 1 to 5 of the Convention................................................................................ p. 5-9 Article 1 – Self-determination …................................................................ p. 5-7 Self-Identification …....................................................................... p. 6-7 Article 1(2) – Natural Resources …............................................................. p. 7-8 Article 2 - State Obligations under ICESCR …............................................. p. 8-9 Article 3 - Equal Rights of Men and Women ….......................................... p. 8-9 Article 4 - Limitations on Rights under ICESCR …....................................... p. 9 Article 5 - No Restriction or Derogation..................................................... from Fundamental Human Rights …........................................................... p. 9 Articles 6 to 15 of the Convention ............................................................................... p.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Uyghurs & East Turkistan
    12 Nov 2010. London. Online version of this article available at: http://www.uyghurensemble.co.uk/en-html/introduction-to-Uyghurs.pdf _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO UYGHURS AND EAST TURKISTAN ALL ABOUT THE UYGHURS . Uyghur (also spelled Uighur, Uygur) means "unity" or "alliance”, it is pronounced [ÖY-ghur or Uigu:R]. They are a Turkic ethnic people. Pre-history Uyghurs: the name Uyghur (Uighur) appeared for the first time 17,000 years ago in the pre-historic period with The Great Uighur Empire in the Continent of Mu during the Tertiary Era Belonged to the Continent of Mu1. James Churchward describes in his book “the great Uighur Empire” as the largest and most important colonial empire belonging to Mu, the Empire of the Sun. "Next to Mu herself, the Uighur Empire was the largest empire the world has ever known." . Uyghur history can be divided into four distinct phases: Pre-Imperial (300 BC – AD 630), Imperial (AD 630–840), Idiqut (AD 840–1200), and Mongol (AD 1209–1600), with perhaps a fifth modern phase running from the death of the Silk Road in AD 1600 until the present. Most people know that Tibet was occupied by China in 1950s but how many know that the Uyghurs' country East Turkistan (Xinjiang 'new frontier' in Chinese) was occupied by China in 1949? 1 These theories are explained in Hans Stefan Santesson’s published book in 1970 entitled “Understanding Mu: The Uighurs” Chapter 10 pages 96-100. Hans Stefan Santesson has proved these theories according to James Churchward’s book “Lost Continent of Mu Motherland of Man” (1926) Chapter 5 pages 105-110.
    [Show full text]