THE NEWSLETTER OF ASTM COMMITTEE D24 ON CARBON BLACK

12.0107 the 6 Carbon Carbon Aggregate C www.astm.org SUMMER 2011 VOL. 11, Number 1 Using D6602-03b to Investigate Dark ASTM Technical Committee D24 Environmental Particles on Carbon Black By J. R. Millette (MVA Scientific Consultants) Main Committee Officers: INTRODUCTION and 100,000 times and above. The TEM is equipped he ASTM Standard Practice D6602- with a camera and X-ray energy dispersive analysis 03b: “Sampling and Testing of Possible equipment (EDS). CHAIRMAN TCarbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Ricky W. Magee Environmental Particulate, or Both,” provides an ANALYSIS PROCEDURES Columbian Chemical Co. excellent framework for the microscopy studies The initial light microscopy examination including phone: 770.792.9472 necessary to determine the identity and possible PLM is used to sort out the various particle types rmagee@columbian source of dark surface contamination including that present on the surface and to determine the chemicals.com caused by carbon black. The ASTM Standard Test approximate relative percentages by volume of the Method D3274 and the ASTM Standard D4610 deal different components. TEM analysis is then used in with discoloration and deterioration of paint films conjunction with energy dispersive x-ray analysis to VICE- and are also useful in some cases. identify the “fine” (small) size fraction of the dark CHAIRMAN particulate and is especially useful in differentiating John A. Bailey Jr. Continential Carbon Co. When the question arises about the identity of between carbon black and various carbon soots. phone: 281.391.1336 a “sooty”-appearing contamination on outdoor Carbon soots and carbon blacks are characterized [email protected] surfaces, a combination of the mandatory sections by their aciniform (grape-like clusters) morphology of Practice D6602 that involve transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the non-mandatory microscopical examination by stereomicroscope and SECRETARY polarized light microscopy (PLM) provides a very Thomas D. Powell useful approach. The following microscopy tools, Evonik Degussa listed in D6602, are used: a stereomicroscope capable Corporation of 40 to 60x magnification, a PLM equipped with phone: 330.665.5120 thomas.powell@ objectives in the 10 to 50x range of magnification evonik.com (for a total magnification between 40 and 500x), and a TEM capable of magnifications between 10,000

INSIDE THIS ISSUE Figure 1. TEM Image of Aciniform Carbon typical of carbon black and some carbon soots. Using D6602-03b to Investigate Dark Environmental Pariculate...... 1 John A. Bailey receives ASTM’s highest award, the Award of Merit...... 4 (Figure 1), elemental composition and range of D24 Meeting Schedule...... 5 primary particle size distribution. Carbon black ASTM Carbon Black Committee Forms New Subcomitee on Environment, is distinguished by its characteristic morphology Health and Safety...... 6 (size, shape, and appearance), simple elemental New U.S. EPA Regulations Lead to ASTM Standard for Carbon composition (Figure 2) and controlled (tight) Black Carbon Content...... 6 particle size distribution. Soots have a wide range New ASTM Carbon Black Standard Inspired by New U.S. EPA Regulations ...... 7 of morphologies, elemental compositions and often D24 Activitites ...... 7 12.0107 6 CARBON AGGREGATE CarbonC wide particle size distributions (Figure 3). It is important to note that while some carbon blacks exhibit turbostratic layering within the primary particles, other aciniform black carbon particles including diesel exhaust and candle soot also exhibit turbostratic layering (Figure 4).

The investigation of outdoor dark stains or disfigurement begins with an examination by stereomicroscope followed by a PLM analysis. At this stage, if the major cause of the darkening is determined to be biological in nature (fungal or algal), no further analysis may be necessary. If a significant amount of fine black carbon material is determined by PLM, additional analysis by TEM-EDS is necessary to confirm the presence of aciniform soot and determine if it is consistent with carbon black.

EXAMPLES The value of using the combination of the PLM/TEM analysis procedures described in D6602 is illustrated in results of 4 different types of samples.

The Carbon Aggregate Volume 11, Number 1 Summer 2011

Editor Jeff Melsom Michelin Americas Research Co. 864.422.4079 [email protected]

Assistant Editor George Joyce Columbian Chemicals Co. 770.792.9467 [email protected] Figure 2. X-ray spectrum from a carbon black particle (above). X-ray spectrum from a carbon soot particle(below). Designer Jake Palmer Sample VBNGF3 was collected from a vehicle Sample H5TG80 was collected from the ASTM Staff Manager hood. The PLM analysis showed that the siding of a building near a carbon black plant. Joe Koury particulate collected on a wipe was primarily The PLM analysis showed that the particulate 610.832.9804 composed of fungal (mold) material (70- was primarily composed of soot in the form [email protected] 80%), soil minerals (10-20%), rubber particles of aciniform carbon material (80-90%),

Any questions and/or comments concerning the (5-15%) and soot including both char and soil minerals (5-10%), and plant fragments activities of ASTM D24, please call either the main aciniform carbon (trace – 1%). There were (1 - 5%). There was a trace level (less than committee officers, or ASTM Staff Manager Joe trace levels (less than 1%) of rust particles 1%) of insect parts. TEM analysis found a Koury at 610.832.9804. and insect parts. TEM analysis found one majority of the aciniform carbon particles The Carbon Aggregate is published semi-annually aciniform carbon particle that was consistent were consistent with carbon black. Carbon by ASTM to provide information about Committee with carbon black. Fungal material was black was determined to be the major cause D24 to the carbon black community. determined to be the major cause of darkening of darkening on the building surface. Copyright © ASTM International, 2011 on the vehicle.

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Figure 4. High resolution TEM image showing showing turbostratic layering in a paraffin candle soot particle. Distance between the layers is approximately 0.34 nm.

CONCLUSION The systematic microscopical investigation of outdoor surface darkening agents involving the non-mandatory stereomicroscope and polarized light microscope examination followed by the mandatory transmission electron microscope procedures in ASTM D6602-03b provides an excellent way to determine the cause of a “sooty” surface problem.

REFERENCES ASTM D6602-03b, Standard Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental Particulate, or Both, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA

ASTM D3274-02, Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Surface Disfigurement of Paint Films by Microbial (Fungal or Algal) Growth or Soil and Dirt Accumulation, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA

Figure 3. Primary particle size distribution from carbon black (above). Primary particle size distribution ASTM D4610-04, Standard Guide for Determining from carbon soot (below). the Presence of and Removing Microbial (Fungal or Algal) Growth on Paint and Related Coatings, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA Sample JPR6Y8 was collected from the surface (40-50%), rubber particles (10-20%) and soot of a stone walkway. The PLM analysis showed including both char and aciniform carbon Millette, J.R., P. Few, W. Hill, and M. Ritorto. Sizing Nano-Range Primary Particles in Aciniform that the particulate was primarily composed (20 - 30%). There were trace levels (less than Carbon Aggregates Using ImageJ. Microscope of fungal (mold) material (85-95%) and plant 1%) of plant fragments, pollen, synthetic 54(2):51-59, 2006 fragments (1 - 5%). There were trace levels (less fibers and insect parts. TEM analysis found than 1%) of soil minerals and rubber particles. that approximately half the aciniform carbon Millette, J.R., W. Turner, W.B. Hill, P. Few, and TEM analysis found no aciniform carbon particles were consistent with carbon black. J.P. Kyle. Microscopic Investigation of Outdoor “Sooty” Surface Problems. Environmental particles. Fungal material was determined to be Other soot particles were consistent with the Forensics, 8:37-51, 2007. the major cause of darkening on the walkway. burning of vegetation. The cause of darkening on the mailbox was determined to be a Sample AK72WR was collected from a mixture of mold, soil minerals, rubber, and residential mailbox. The PLM analysis showed black carbon including carbon black and soot. that the particulate was primarily composed of fungal (mold) material (10-20%), soil minerals

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John A. Bailey Receives ASTM International Award of Merit

ohn A. Bailey was recently awarded City, AL plant. He moved on to become subcommittee is not normally for the faint ASTM International’s Award of Quality Control Manager, SPC Coordinator of heart for it requires a through knowledge JMerit. The Award of Merit is and eventually the company’s Quality Systems and application of statistics. When John the highest society award granted to an Manager. He has held that position for more initially assumed this position his knowledge individual member for distinguished service than 19 years and has been with Continental of statistics was good but has since improved and outstanding participation in ASTM Carbon for more than 28 years. to the point where he is considered an expert committee activities. both within ASTM International and ISO Since joining ASTM’s Technical Committee (TC45). John not only chairs D24.61 but also John Bailey received his B.S. degree in D24 on Carbon Black in 1988, John has chairs D11.16 – Applications of Statistical Chemical Engineering in 1970 from Rose- been actively involved in all nine technical Methods and is the Convener of ISO TC45/ Hulman Institute of Technology in Terra subcommittees. In 1993 John assumed the SC2/WG4 on Statistics. Haute, Indiana. After graduation John was subcommittee secretaries of committees employed by Allied Chemical (Now Allied- D24.41 – Nomenclature and D24.71 – Rubber Member of D24’s TAG to ISO TC45 Signal) in Moundsville, WV as a Process Testing. He held these positions for two years John was asked to participate as a delegate to , and as Production Superintendent each and in 1994 he accepted the chairmanship ISO TC45 on Rubber (via ANSI) representing of the Chloromethanes Unit. In 1979 John of D24.61 – Sampling and Statistics. the interests of the United States in the area transferred to Allied Chemical’s High Density of carbon black testing. Initially the delegate Polyethylene (HDPE) plant in Baton Rouge, Subcommittee D24.61 on Sampling and duty was rotated among the carbon black LA as a Sr. Process Engineer working in R&D. Statistics is one of those committees which producers on a four-year staggered term. In 1982 he joined Continental Carbon as the requires a special talent and desire in The first two years were served as the learner Production Superintendent of their Ponca which to serve. Chairing any statistical delegate and the last two as the voting delegate.

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The rotation came to Continental Carbon in SRBs allow suppliers and customers to ASTM’s Carbon Black standards are globally 1996. John went to his first TC45 meeting that troubleshoot various test methods, establish accepted as the reference for international year in Capetown, South Africa. In 1995 D24 precision and bias statements for the different use. Also D24’s work in developing Standard decided to make subsequent TC45 delegates methods, and act as a referee between supplier Reference Blacks (SRBs), which are accepted an elected position. John has made every TC45 and consumer in resolving quality issues. and used internationally, establishes ASTM as meeting in which the US participated since the leader in the carbon black arena (rubber that time, having been elected several times to John fully manages this entire program under grades). The success of ASTM in this area is the delegate position. D24.61. These SRBs are globally accepted due to the dedicated contributions of John as the only viable carbon black standards on Bailey. Few individuals have contributed As the US delegate John brought forth the market. No other organization (domestic so widely across all of D24’s standards the US’ position (essentially ASTM or international) has carbon black reference than John. It is through his hard work International’s due to all significant work standards to support both quality and testing and perseverance that ASTM is able to see being accomplished in the field of carbon in the carbon black field. continuous improvement and development of black testing resides in D24) before ISO. new methods having good precision and bias In this post he fully supported ASTM Development of D24’s Laboratory statements for the carbon black industry. International’s position to maintain their Proficiency Rating System (LPRS) for copyright to the documents created within Carbon Black The awarded plaque read: “For exceptional ASTM. He also fully encouraged that any Aside from all the support John has provided contributions to Committee D24 on work active in ASTM not be duplicated every subcommittee in establishing precision Carbon Black in the area of sampling and in ISO due to limited resources available and bias statements, John took in upon statistical measurements, for supporting the within individual companies. It was not an himself to establish a very rigorous laboratory development of new analytical standards, for efficient means to make improvements in proficiency rating system for carbon black improving existing standards, for representing the standards and to keep them aligned if (know within D24 as LPRS). Essentially this the United States through ANSI and ASTM two separate bodies was an interlaboratory testing program (ITP). International, and for exceptional leadership went in different directions. Also it could This program served a number of purposes: in the continuous improvement of ASTM become confusing in the market. As a matter improving test method proficiency, preparing Iternational’s standards for the global market”. of record all major international carbon precision and bias statements, and knowing black manufacturers (and hence consumers) how well ones laboratory performs compared use ASTM International’s carbon black to other labs using the same methods. standards globally. The first ITP was conducted in September Since attending ISO TC45 many of the 1995 using N234 carbon black and included delegates assume additional roles to reduce six tests (D 1510 - Iodine Number, D 6556 the size of the delegation. John initially - Nitrogen Surface Area, D 3765 - CTAB, assumed the secretariat of TC45/SC2/WG4 D 2414 - DBP Absorption, D3493-CDBP D24 Meeting under Dr. Alan Vieth. When Dr. Vieth retired Absorption, and D3265-Tint). Samples were Schedule the natural choice to assume the convenerhip shipped to 45 labs with 36 returning data. fell to John who has held the position for the Since the initial ITP 21 other ITPs have been June 13 – 15, 2011 last 3 years. completed which have expanded the number Anaheim, CA of tests from six to twelve and now includes Continuance of D24’s Standard Reference participation from 15 companies representing December 5 – 7, 2011 Blacks (SRBs) 18 countries. This today is still a very active Tampa, FL A globally important aspect of D24 is program and is the backbone to D24’s success supplying the global carbon black market in the qualification of international reference June 25 – 27, 2012 (producers and users) with standard reference materials and resolving laboratory issues San Diego, CA materials to “continuously monitor the between manufacturers and customers. precision of those carbon black test methods December 3 – 5, 2012 for which standard values have been The entire program was clearly explained in an Atlanta, GA established (as stated in D4821 – Validation article John co-authored in of Test Method Precision and Bias). The News, “Laboratory Proficiency Rating System All who have an interest in carbon black are invited to attend. development and maintaining of these SRBs for Carbon Black”, October 2005. are critical to the carbon black field. These www.astm.org SUMMER 2011 5 12.0107 6 CARBON AGGREGATE CarbonC

ASTM Carbon Black Committee Forms New Subcommittee on Environment, Health and Safety

An increased interest in the polyaromatic Microscopy and Morphology, covers sampling Two proposed standards currently on hydrocarbon content of carbon black, and testing to distinguish carbon black from ballot will also be under the jurisdiction of particularly in Europe, and new U.S. other environmental . D24.66: ASTM WK27192, Test Method for Environmental Protection Agency Carbon Black—Carbon Content, and ASTM requirements to report greenhouse gas “More than 90 percent of particulate matter WK27667, Test Method for Carbon Content emissions from U.S. industry including carbon results from natural sources such as volcanoes, in Carbon Black Feedstock Oils. Once these black plants has led to the formation of a new pollen and molds,” says Magee. “The other carbon standards are published and adopted ASTM subcommittee. Subcommittee D24.66 particulates are man-made, most commonly by government environmental agencies, on Environment, Health and Safety is part from the burning of fossil fuels. Since many of the carbon black industry will have relevant of ASTM International Committee D24 on these man-made particulates are carbon based standardized test methods for their feedstocks Carbon Black. and black in color, distinguishing these other and products. particulates from carbon black is important.” According to Ricky Magee, director, ASTM D6602 provides a standardized D24.66 also will be working with the technology laboratory, Columbian Chemicals methodology of differentiating carbon black International Carbon Black Association to Co., and chairman of Committee D24, the from other particulates, an important issue develop a proposed standard for Polycyclic committee has already developed a standard for carbon black plants located near urban or Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) content. related to environmental issues, ASTM D6602, residential areas. According to Magee, there are currently no Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible globally recognized standards for measuring Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other In addition to ASTM D6602, another current PAH content in carbon black, but D24.66 Environmental Particulate, or Both. D24 standard, ASTM D1619, Test Methods for is in the process of working on a draft Carbon Black—Sulfur Content, developed by method based Soxhlet extraction and gas Magee says that ASTM D6602, which will D24.31 on Non-Carbon Black Components of chromatography with mass spectrometry. be moved from its currently responsible Carbon Black, will become the responsibility subcommittee, D24.81 on Carbon Black of D24.66.

New U.S. EPA Regulations lead to ASTM Standard for Carbon Black Carbon Content

he U.S. Environmental Protection adopted into U.S. and Canadian greenhouse According to Joyce, ILS participants will need Agency has set forth new regulations gas regulations, and may also eventually be to have a carbon combustion analyzer in their Tthat mandate greenhouse gas adopted by other national environmental laboratory. “Our current test method utilizes a reporting in the U.S. carbon black industry. agencies, including those of European Union combustion analyzer with infrared detection, These regulations were the impetus for the countries that already have greenhouse gas but the committee will open participation development of a new ASTM International reporting requirements. to labs using all types of carbon combustion standard, ASTM D7633 Test Method for analyzers.” Carbon Black Carbon Content. “I anticipate global acceptance and utilization of ASTM D7633 since it is the only applicable In addition, Joyce notes that D24.66 has The new standard was developed by testing standard available for carbon content recently approved a new standard, ASTM Subcommittee D24.66 on Environment, of carbon black products,” says Joyce. WK27667 Test Method for Carbon Content Health and Safety, part of ASTM International in Carbon Black Feedstock Oils. The standard Committee D24 on Carbon Black. A task group has formed within D24.66 to is applicable to most commercial feedstock administer an interlaboratory study program oils used to produce carbon black products in “Carbon black producers and contract that will be used to develop precision and bias a or thermal process. laboratories will be the primary users of ASTM statements for ASTM D7633. Participants are D7633,” says George Joyce, Manager, Materials sought for the ILS program, which the task Analysis Laboratory, Columbian Chemicals group plans for this fall. Co. Joyce says that the new standard may be

6 SUMMER 2011 www.astm.org 12.0107 6 CARBON AGGREGATE CarbonC New ASTM Carbon D24 Activities Black Standard Inspired by D24.11 Carbon Black Structure to generate typical data for standard grades Chairman: George Joyce defined in D1765. New U.S. EPA Columbian Chemicals Co. (770) 792-9467 Columbian Chemicals (G. Joyce and M. Regulations [email protected] Henry) and Micromeritics (T. Thornton and H. Hodges) have developed an algorithm for D2414-09 friction-free measurements of void volume ew regulations set forth by the Oil Absorption Number and plan to publish this technology in a paper. U.S. Environmental Protection A critical review of DBP and paraffin oils used D24.21 Carbon Black Surface Area NAgency to mandate greenhouse gas in OAN testing was presented by Columbian reporting in the U.S. carbon black industry Chemical (G. Joyce). The presentation and Related Properties have led to the development of a new ASTM pointed out known differences between DBP Chairman: Dirk Roller International standard, ASTM D7662 Test and paraffin OAN values with both standard Evonik Degussa GmbH Method for Carbon Content in Carbon Black and non-standard grades including pelleted (44) 92 23 396 4615 Feedstock Oils. and powder products. It was also mentioned [email protected] this has caused commercial issues with tire ASTM D7662 is under the jurisdiction of grades due to differences in test results when D1510 Subcommittee D24.66 on Environment, products are produced to DBP specifications Iodine Adsorption Number Health and Safety, part of ASTM International and the customer is testing with paraffin oil. There was a ballot revision to D1510 section Committee D24 on Carbon Black. Also at issue is the move within the European 10.7.1.2 to remove the comment referring to Union to ban DBP sometime in the future cleaning the buret tip with tissue. This will be Measuring the total carbon content of which has lead a few companies to switch re-balloted once wording has been resolved. feedstock oils is an important step in permanently to paraffin oil and not willing to calculating carbon dioxide emissions, return to DBP-even though D24 has identified The committee will collect LPRS data on estimating the yield of a process or assessing significant OAN variation between some sodium thiosulfate solutions to determine if product quality. ASTM D7662 is applicable sources of paraffin oils and also between DBP 0.05N solution gives same values as 0.0394 to most commercial feedstock oils used to and paraffin oils. Paraffin oils are not a pure N solution. produce carbon black products in a furnace or chemical substance like DBP and there is no thermal process. known globally available source of uniform The inventory of HT Iodine Standards are paraffin oil. These issues raise concerns that running low. There will be a need to proceed George Joyce, manager, Materials Analysis the OAN test reproducibility will degrade with a round robin to qualify a second batch. Laboratory, Columbian Chemicals Co., from its current level. The subcommittee’s notes that carbon black producers, as well as strategy is to accelerate the development D24.31 Non-Carbon Black contract laboratories, will be the primary users and adoption of an improved structure Components of Carbon Black of ASTM D7662. measurement (i.e. void volume). Chairman: Jeffery A. Melsom Michelin Americas Research Co. In 2010, D24.66 approved another standard D6086-09 (864) 422-4079 to respond to requirements of the EPA Void Volume (VV) [email protected] regulations: D7633, Test Method for Carbon Manufacturers of Void Volume analyzers Black Carbon Content. have indicated commercial instruments will The committee is working on approving a be available within a few months. Already second sieve residue method entitled Non- All interested participants are welcome to join there are several suppliers who have either Dispersible Matter by Mechanical Flushing. in the activities of D24.66, particularly for the produced prototype instruments or expressed A number of questions have arisen from interlaboratory study programs for ASTM a desire to provide instruments for the the community at large as to why a second D7633 and ASTM D7662. market. Once instruments are available the sieve analysis was necessary. While this new subcommittee will proceed with a round method is similar to D1514 it was written robin using standard testing criterion suitable to meet a particular need in the mechanical for quality testing. Initial test data will be rubber goods (MRG) industry where collected at 100 MPa pressure with the SRB-8 fine particles can be detrimental to their series carbon blacks. Beyond the round processes. D1514 is not sensitive enough to robin, the subcommittee’s short-term goal is meet those needs.

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D7724 – Non-Dispersible Matter by D24.51 Carbon Black • Add a question on which lot of zinc Mechanical Flushing (NDM), it was brought Pellet Properties oxide is being used and the age for tint to the sub-committee’s attention that the Chairman: Pierre Hirtt equipment. availability of the instrument was in question. Hitec Luxemburg There exists only four instruments in the (352) 49-847-8740 • Revise the OAN/COAN and NSA/STSA market and future production of additional [email protected] questions to split into separate sheets to instruments is unknown. This will be verified allow for the use of different equipment prior to the publication of the new standard. Evonik Degussa (D. Roller) presented for OAN and COAN and NSA and STSA If instruments will not be readily available another mechanical shaker: Retsch AS200 responses for those laboratories that don’t then the committee will reconsider issuing the Tap as an alternative instrument in D1508 use the same equipment for both. completed standard. Pellet Fines and Attrition and D1511 Pellet Size Distribution. The new instrument will • Add questions on the type of x-ray D24.41 Carbon Black be balloted for inclusion into both of these dispersion (energy or wave-length) and Nomenclature and Terminology methods. x-ray source (radio isotope or x-ray tube) Chairman: Ricky Magee for D1619 Method B. Columbian Chemicals Co. D24.61 Carbon Black Sampling (770) 792-9472 and Statistical Analysis The current Industry Tint Reference Black [email protected] Chairman: John A. Bailey, Jr. (ITRB) is nearly depleted. In addition to being Continental Carbon Company the spring LPRS sample, the ITRB#2 candidate D3053 (281) 647-3851 material will be extensively tested to validate it Standard Terminology Relating to [email protected] for use as the next ITRB. This data is due by Carbon Black May 15, 2011 so the results can be reviewed at The committee will start to collect suggestions Laboratory Proficiency Rating the June D24 meeting. on methods to measure the apparent size of System (LPRS) carbon black. The next LPRS sample materials will be the ASTM D24 Carbon Black Standards ITRB#2 candidate and SRB8A. Both samples are available from: In addition a definition of nano-material will be distributed no later than March 1, Ballentine Enterprises, Inc. will be balloted for addition to D3053. The 2011. The ITRB#2 LPRS data will be due April 227 Somerset Street definition will be followed by a discussion 15, 2011 and the SRB8A data due by October Borger, Texas 79007 explaining that carbon black, as it is sold, 1, 2011. A letter will be drafted to go with the (800) 742-7671 US Only exists as agglomerates and therefore, does not samples explaining the distribution of both (806) 273-3006 phone/fax classify as a nano-material. samples at one time and the importance of email: [email protected] holding and testing the SRB8A sample in Web address: www. Typical values for Void Volume will be added the fall. Wes Balentine will work on sample carbonstandard.com to Table 1 of D1765 once specific conditions labeling to insure the pallet number and for the Void Volume test are defined. To start material are clearly identified along with data will be measured at 100 MPa on the SRB instructions to hold the SRB8A sample for D24.66 Environment, Series 8 carbon blacks. fall testing. Health and Safety Chairman: George Joyce D24.45 USA Committee to ISO The equipment, materials, and methods form Columbian Chemicals Co. Chairman: John A. Bailey, Jr. will be extensively revised per feedback from (770) 792-9467 Continential Carbon Co. past meetings and participant comments [email protected] (281) 647-3851 and to collect additional data on the ITRB#2 [email protected] candidate material. Planned changes include: New ASTM Test Methods: ISO TC45 SC3/WG3 Carbon Black intends D7633-10 to designate a preferred method for those • The iodine sheet will be restructured Carbon Black-Carbon Content standards with more than one test method. with separate questions for Method A ASTM standard test method developed for This will be discussed at further ISO meetings. (manual) and Method B (automatic) and regulatory reporting requirements. Also the next ISO meeting will be held in appropriate questions for each method’s Yokohama, Japan October 16-21, 2011. equipment, procedure, and blank determination limits.

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D7662-11 D6602-03 About ASTM Carbon Content in Carbon Black Sampling and Testing of Possible Feedstock Oils Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or International ASTM standard test method developed for Other Environmental Particulates regulatory reporting requirements. MVA Scientific Consultants (J. Millett) ASTM International provides a global presented a summary on the use of D6602 forum for the development and D7679-10 for a case involving an environmental publication of voluntary consensus Sulfur Content in Carbon Black darkening agent. He suggests that as a standards for materials, products, Feedstock Oils result of his experience with this case several systems and services. ASTM standards ASTM standard test method developed for changes are appropriate to this method. are a critical component of the information regulatory reporting requirements. These include 1. Updating the PLM section infrastructure that guides design, to make it mandatory. 2. Changes to the manufacturing and trade in today’s global PAH Methods Under Development sample collection media to eliminate the economy. The subcommittee has agreed to initially use of tape and cotton balls and include a develop two PAH test methods for carbon polyester material that has proved useful Formed in 1898, ASTM is one of the black based on toluene extraction with for collection. 3. The particle sizing section largest and most diverse international GC-MS analyses: would be optional. Future consideration for standards developing organizations in this method is to conduct a round robin on the the world. ASTM publishes standards for • Single PAH method for benzo–a-pyrene version that includes these updates. more than 100 industrial and management (BAP) sectors, including metals, paints, plastics, D24.71 Carbon Black textiles, petroleum, construction, aviation, • 22 PAH method consistent with the FDA- Rubber Testing energy, the environment, consumer 22 test method Chairman: Massimo Mongardi products, medical services and devices, Cabot Corp. pharmaceutical manufacturing, homeland Other PAH methods will be considered [email protected] security, electronics, nanotechnology and following the development and acceptance many others. of the these methods, and could include EU 8 D2663-08 and EPA 16 methods. Dispersion in Rubber Top scientists and comprise This standard is under review and the ranks of ASTM’s worldwide D1619-11 recommendations for updates have been membership. These 30,000 technical Carbon Black – Sulfur Content requested. experts come from 135 countries and Continental Carbon (J. Bailey) presented work together on one or more of ASTM’s information regarding ISO methods for carbon D24.81 Carbon Black Microscopy 140 standards-writing committees. and sulfur content of carbon black. It appears and Morphology Membership and participation in ASTM there are methods noted in the ISO method Chairman: Bonnie Mcwade-Furtado technical committees is open to any which use combustion with IR. A question was Cabot Corporation individual or organization on a global raised as to whether or not we want to consider (978) 670-7069 basis with an interest in the standards adding some methodology into D1619 to bring [email protected] affecting business and industry. ASTM it closer to the ISO method. No activity to report on from the December members share a commitment to develop 2010 meeting. the standards the world uses.

The Dark Side by Ag R. Vadar

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