Download Book

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Download Book PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com Lal Ded: The Great Kashmiri Saint-Poetess Edited by: Dr. S. S. Toshkhani Lal Ded: The Great Kashmiri Saint-Poetess Edited by: Dr. S. S. Toshkhani Proceedings of the National Seminar Conducted by Kashmir Education, Culture and Science Society, B-36, Pamposh Enclave, New Delhi – 110 048 November 12, 2000 Published by S.B. Nangia A.P.H. Publishing Corporation 5, Ansari Road, Darya Ganj New Delhi – 110002 Email: [email protected] © Editor Printed in India at Efficient Offset Printers New Delhi- 110 035 Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/lalded2/index.html PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com Lal Ded: The Great Kashmiri Saint-Poetess Edited by: Dr. S. S. Toshkhani Lal Ded: The Great Kashmiri Saint-Poetess Edited by: Dr. S. S. Toshkhani This book represents the proceedings of a National Seminar on "Remembering Lal Ded in Modern Times" conducted by Kashmir Education, Culture and Science Society in New Delhi on 12 November, 2000. Lalleshwari or Lal Ded, according to late Prof. Jayalal Kaul, has been the greatest genius of Kashmir of all times. This book has many eminent writers of modern period who have recollected the genius of Lel Ded for the modern world. Lal Ded was living in the 14th century in Kashmir. In spite of long interval of history, Lal Ded is remembered in every home evn in modern period. Her Vaaks, or sayings, represent the best teachings for human kind today to seek unity and harmony between people of all religion and races. Her poetry is all inspiring. Her philosophy of life represents the highest science of life. She can be the leader to combine science and humanism world over, and once again establish a peaceful and melodious world of joy and happiness. Kashmiris in general and Indians and the people of the world are inspired by Lalleshwari’s teachings. This book and the seminar by KECSS cannot possibly touch all aspects of life and times of Lal Ded. However, a laudable attempt is made to recall Lal Ded for creating a joyful and harmonious world in Kashmir and the rest of India and the world. Hindus, Muslims and people of all faith remember Lal Ded with great reverence. This book should be of world-wide interest. Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/lalded2/index.html PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com Lal Ded: The Great Kashmiri Saint-Poetess Edited by: Dr. S. S. Toshkhani Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/lalded2/index.html PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com Lal Ded: The Great Kashmiri Saint-Poetess Edited by: Dr. S. S. Toshkhani Preface The Kashmir Education, Culture and Science Society (KECSS) in collaboration with N.S. Kashmiri Research Institute held for the first time in the National Capital, New Delhi, a National Seminar on 12 November, 2000 on "Remembering Lal Ded in Modern Times". Lal Ded is considered the greatest spiritual seer and saint-poetess of Kashmir. She lived in Kashmir in the 14th century. Yet, her, spiritual eminance is known to every Kashmiri even to this day. She also was a great poetess and thinker and created identity for Kashmiri people as a peace loving, artistic, and cultural people of India who believed in the composite culture of the country. Taking into consideration the recent turmoil in the valley because of militant forces operating from outside Kashmir borders, there is need by scholars to write about the heritage of harmony left behind by Lal Ded and her eminent followers like Nund Rishi and other well-known Rishis. Her vaakhs or sayings provide source for peace and harmony. Religious extremism and fundamentalism will gave way to traditional love between communities and, bring enlightenment. The participants in this seminar on Lal Ded attracted a wide spectrum of eminent scholars, scientists and thinkers. Some participants presented papers, and some spoke it depth on the occasion. It is hoped that this seminar proceedings will reciprocate ideas from various academic centers of the world, desiring a peaceful world order. The book should be of wide interest in India and outside India. It should crease harmony and creativity for out mankind. The KECSS is on the threshold of starting an International Center for Kashmir Studies in order to extensively research on the academic, cultural and social heritage of Kashmir. This seminar provides a very good beginning in this direction. We thank the distinguished scholars, executive committee members of KECSS, notably Prof. B.B. Dhar, Mr. M.L. Bhatt, Prof. S. Bhatt, Mr. M.L. Kachru, Mr. A.K Jalla and others who made this historic seminar a success. The Kashmiri community in Parmposh Enclave, New Delhi has always been supporting academic efforts by KECSS. We are grateful to the members of this community for their creative interest. To Dr. S.S. Toshkhani, an erudite scholar, we are thankful for planning this seminar along with KECSS members, and for editing the seminar proceedings with great insight. Lastly, we are thankful to Mr. S.B. Nangia of A.P.H. Publishing Corporation for publication of this book expeditiously. Mr. M.K. Kaw President, KECSS Prof. B.B. Dhar Vice President, KECSS B-36, Pamposh Emclave, New Delhi 110 0048 July 1, 2002 Kashmir News Network i http://iKashmir.net/lalded2/index.html PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com Lal Ded: The Great Kashmiri Saint-Poetess Edited by: Dr. S. S. Toshkhani Kashmir News Network ii http://iKashmir.net/lalded2/index.html PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com Lal Ded: The Great Kashmiri Saint-Poetess Edited by: Dr. S. S. Toshkhani CONTRIBUTORS Mr. M.K. Kaw : He is the President of KECSS B-36, Pampose Enclave, New Delhi-110048. Until recently, he was Education Secretary, Ministry of HRD, Govt. of India in which capacity he was associated in the organisation and implementation of educational policies in India. He is also widely known for his writings, and has authored several books. Along with other writers he is engaged in KECSS in writing and editing a book on "Kashmir and its People", and, two seminars are to be held as part of ICSSR project, one on saints and sages of Kashmir, and the second on environments of Kashmir. Mr. Yaw is a respected educationist and is planning to establish in KECSS a Center for Kashmir Studies which will be the first of its kind in India. He was formerly the Member-Secretary of the National Pay Com mission. Prof. A.N. Dhar : Prof. Dhar has been the Professor of English and the Head of Department of English, Kashmir University. He is an outstanding scholar who has made important contribution to the academic life of Kashmir and Kashmiri Pandits. He has edited along with Prof. Neerja Mattoo a book on Bhagwan Gopi Nath. Prof. Dhar was awarded a Senior Fellowship Literature by the Department of Culture, Ministry of Human Resources Development and published a book on mysticism, "Mysticism Across Cultures", recently. His address: 504, New Plots, Jammu-180006. Prof. S. Bhatt : Prof Bhatt is an Honorary Professor at Hamdard University, New Delhi. He was formerly Professor of Space law, and, Honorary Professor of International Law, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi. He was also for some years a Consultant and Adviser to the United Nations in many African Countries. He is a Vice-President KECSS and has helped organise several seminars on Kashmiri heritage. He was also Editor in Chief Koshur Samachar and has edited a book entitled "Kashmiri Pandits : A Cultural Heritage", circulated in many parts of world. Apart from Kashmir heritage, Prof. Bhatt has written extensively on space law, air law and environments with 16 books to his credit. Many years ago in 1969-70 he conducted research on environmental law as Ful-bright Resident Scholar in Sw Dallas, Texas, USA. He served in the Govrt. of India and retired as Deputy Director General of Civil Aviation. Prof Bhatt has travelled to many parts of world for academic and official works. Along with Mr. M.K. Kaw and Dr. S.S. Toshkhani, Prof. Bhatt is engaged on an ICSSR project and is the convener for the seminar on Kashmir Environments which will be held in 2003 by KECSS and Kashmir University. His address: 5-176, Greater Kailash B, New Delhi-110048. Dr. S. S. Toshkhani : He is the convenor of this seminar and editor of this important book on "Lal Ded". In academic circles. Dr. Toshkhani, is considered an outstanding authority on Kashmiri literature and history of cultural heritage of Kashmir. He is a thinker, writer, poet, and a genius of all sorts. He is among few scholars from Kashmir who is wellversed in Sharda Script. Dr. Toshkhani comes from an illustrious family of Kashmir. His father late revered Prof. S.K. Toshkhani was a legend of a scholar and researcher of his time. Dr. Toshkhani is an important consultant to KECSS in academic and research matters and for the institution of the centre for Kashmir Studies. His address : D-8/8050, Vacant Kunj, New Delhi-110070. Prof. (Mrs.) Neerja Mattoo : Prof. (Mrs.) Mattoo was formerly Professor of English and Head of Department of English, Govt. Women College, Srinagar, Kashmir. She is among few Kashmiii Pandit women scholars who has kept contact with the academic world in Srinagar, Kashmir in recent times. She has translated a collection of Kashmiri short stories under the title "The Stranger Beside Me" which has been published by UBSPD. Along with Prof. A.N. Dhar, she has edited a book on Bhagwan Gopi Nath.
Recommended publications
  • Master of Pliilosopiiy Islamic Studies
    HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SUHRA WARDI ORDER IN KASHMIR Dissertation SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF TliE DEGREE OF Master of Pliilosopiiy Pi t Of <f. ff Islamic Studies V V- 9i KS*^ '.' MOHAMMAD IRFAN SHAH UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PROF. SAYYID AHSAN ,lK^^ot^ DEPARTMENT OF ISLAMIC STUDIES X^ ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH, INDIA 2014 0^ ^ .J J v^^ 01 JAN 20;A-t,' 5 DS4401 Phones: Ext. 0571-2701131 Int. 1365, 1366 Fax : 0571-2700528 Email : [email protected] DEPARTMENT OF ISLAMIC STUDIES ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY CHAIRMAN ALIGARH-202002, U.P., INDIA 03/11/2014 To WHOM IT MAY CONCERN This is to certify tiiat Dissertation entitled "Historical Development of Suhrawardi Order in Kashmir" is the own work of Mr. Mohd Irfan Shah working under my supervision. Further certified that the work is fit for submission to be evaluated for the award of the degree of M.Phil. (Islamic Studies). (Prof. Sayyid Ahsan) Chairman & Supervisor -J^rom tfie Core of My ^eart- ^ea^ca^^eafK^o^ My (Late) (grand Tarents & 'BeCovedTarents <Pa0e !Nb. Dedication A.cknowledgemeiits u-vi Transliteration Table Introdnction 01-23 Chapter 1: Emergence of Islam in Kashmir: Religions, Political and Cultural Perspective 24-64 Chapter 2: Origin of Suhmwardf Order and Its Development , ^ ,, ^ . „ - . 65-112 mKashnur Chapter 3: Makhdum Shaykh Hamzah: ' 113-170 Pioneer of Suhrawardt Order in Kashmir Conclusions ^_^ ^_, 171-174 BibUography ^^^_^^^ "AcknowiedgmBntS" Allah Almighty says, "And those who strive in Our (cause) We will certainly guide them to Our paths: for verily Allah is with those who do right" (Holy Qur'ah, Al- Ankabut, 29:69}.
    [Show full text]
  • Sarah Siddiqui and Dr. Shahida Page 328 Shaikh Noor-Ud-Din and Lal
    International Journal of Movement Education and Social Science ISSN (Print): 2278-0793 IJMESS Vol. 7 Special Issue 1 (Jan-June 2018) www.ijmess.org ISSN (Online): 2321-3779 Shaikh Noor-ud-Din and Lal Ded: In Search of Ideal Society in Kashmir (Fourteenth to Eighteenth Century) Sarah Siddiqui National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra Haryana (India) Dr. Shahida National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra Haryana (India) ABSTRACT The impact of socio-religious reforms movements in The advent of Sufism in India is said to be in Kashmir like Shaivism and Rishi Movement has eleventh and twelfth centuries. One of the early Sufis been very prevalent for the betterment of the society. of eminence who settled in India was al-Hujwiri or On one hand, Shaivism is an idealistic and realistic commonly known as Data Ganj Baksh in the in essence, strongly advocating a pragmatic eleventh century. It can be said that Sufism gained approach to life, on the other hand, Rishi Movement canonization with the coming of several classical is considered to be the major source behind the Persian Sufis like Rumi, Attar, Saadi, Hafiz to name spread of Islam in Kashmir. In this paper, I am going a few. So it can be said that before coming to India, to map a relationship between Shaivism and Rishi Sufism had already taken a definite form. Movement through Shaikh Noor-ud-Din and Lalla Kashmir is well known to the world from the very Maheshwari also known as Nund Rishi and Lal Ded earliest times, because of its geographical features, respectively. Both of them emerged as the cultural culture, civilization and its people.
    [Show full text]
  • Role of Sufism in Kashmiriyat and Communal Harmony
    International Journal of Applied Research 2020; 6(7): 342-345 ISSN Print: 2394-7500 ISSN Online: 2394-5869 Role of Sufism in Kashmiriyat and communal Impact Factor: 5.2 IJAR 2020; 6(7): 342-345 harmony www.allresearchjournal.com Received: 20-05-2020 Accepted: 26-06-2020 Peer Nadeem Peer Nadeem M. Phil. Research Scholar, Abstract Department of History, Sufism is a path of spiritual advancements, an expansion of consciousness, leading to awareness of self Rabindranath Tagore and the universe. The substance of Sufism is selfless experiencing and actualization of the truth. The University, Bhopal, Madhya practice of Sufism leads to the development of innate spiritual and intuitive abilities. Keeping in view, Pradesh, India the aim of the study was to explore the role of Sufism in promoting Kashmiriyat, composite culture and communal harmony in Kashmir valley. The investigator found that ‘Kashmiriyat’ was the gradual outcome of mutual adaptation of various pre-Islamic religious traditions and the great tradition of Islam. The Rishis (holy Vedic Hindu sage, saint or inspired poet) were the main exemplars of the developing of such a dialectic process. In fact, the spirit of this dialectic was mystical religious experience and universal love. Besides, it was found that traditional communal harmony that once existed in Kashmir enabled the peaceful coexistence of Muslims, Kashmiri Pandits (Hindus) and other minorities. Keywords: Sufism, Kashmiriyat, composite culture, communal harmony Introduction The Valley of Kashmir Paradise has always been an attraction not only for the rulers but for the Sufis, merchants’, academicians, artisans and other sections of the society since time is mentioned.
    [Show full text]
  • {Replace with the Title of Your Dissertation}
    The Negative Theology of Nund Rishi (1378-1440): Poetry and Politics in Medieval Kashmir A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Abir Bashir Bazaz IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Ajay Skaria, Adviser August 2016 © Abir Bashir Bazaz, 2016 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my teacher, and adviser, Ajay Skaria for his encouragement, support, guidance and enthusiasm for this project. I must also thank Simona Sawhney who guided the project from its beginnings and helped me through every stage of its development. I am deeply indebted to Thomas Pepper for his guidance and inspiration. I also thank Jason McGrath for his help and encouragement. I am grateful to all of my teachers and mentors for their generosity and patience. I am immensely grateful to Rahman Rahi, Muzaffar Alam, late Akhtar Mohiudeen, Thomas Gunning and the late Miriam Hansen. In Kashmir, I have been been sustained by the love and friendship of Irfan Rahim Guru. I would also like to thank Hilal Mir and Mahmud Rashid. Rahman Rahi Sahib inspired me to study Kashmiri language and the late Agha Shahid Ali persuaded me to abandon science for literature. Among other friends in Kashmir, I must thank Jasir Haqani, Showkat Motta, Suvaid Yaseen, Najeeb Mubarki, Bilal Bhat, Wasim Bhat, Mufti Mudasir, Maroof Shah, Feroz Rather, Shahnawaz Majid, Azhar Qadri, Baba Umar, Zahid Rafiq, Inshah Malik, Arshi Javed, Muzaffar Karim, Muzammil Karim, Wajahat Peer, Shahnaz Bashir, Naseer Ganai, Syed Tariq, Arshad Malik, Ruhail Amin, Shahid Iqbal, Showkat Katju, Faraz Yaseen, Hakeem Irfan, Inder Salim, Arshad Malik and Vivek Kaul.
    [Show full text]
  • Lal Ded: Kashmiri Rebel Saint-Poetess and Her Legacy1
    Lal Ded: Kashmiri rebel saint-poetess and her legacy1 Agnieszka Kuszewska Abstract The study provides an analysis of the legacy of Lal Ded, Kashmiri mystic and poetess, in the broad context of historical and social changes in medieval, XIV-century Kashmir. It was a significant period of time in the history of Kashmir, marked by shifts in power, social ferment, the beginning of gradual decline of Hinduism in Kashmir Valley to the advantage of Islam, transformation of Kashmiri society and its identity. Lal Ded is a unique phenomenon. This saint-poetess, who strongly rebelled against caste system, social and religious discrimination in medieval Kashmir, has been subsequently cherished as a saint and spiritual leader by Kashmiri Hindu and Muslim communities alike. Over the last six centuries, she has become a symbol of indigenous culture of Kashmir with its traditions of inter-faith and cross- cultural connections and influences. The paper is particularly focused on her contribution to enriching mystic, spiritual traditions and cultural heritage of Kashmir and her profound impact on shaping Kashmiri society. The article approaches the topic in four major parts. The first part provides quick glance into Lal Ded’s life in the early stage, the 2 Pakistan Vision Vol. 16 No. 1 reasons for abandoning her family, starting the life of sage wanderer, and her influence on shaping the mindset of common people. The second part analyses historical background of the XIV century Kashmir with its ongoing political and social turmoil which had direct impact on Lal Ded’s life and thought. The third part provides an insight to her thought and poetry in the context of social relations in Kashmir and the widely understood idea of syncretism in Kashmir.
    [Show full text]
  • Sufism and Kashmiriyat Received: 28-05-2020 Accepted: 30-06-2020 Mudasir Mohmad Loan Mudasir Mohmad Loan Assistant Professor/Research Coordinator J
    International Journal of History 2020; 2(2): 26-29 E-ISSN: 2706-9117 P-ISSN: 2706-9109 IJH 2020; 2(2): 26-29 Sufism and Kashmiriyat Received: 28-05-2020 Accepted: 30-06-2020 Mudasir Mohmad Loan Mudasir Mohmad Loan Assistant Professor/Research Coordinator J. S. University Abstract Shikohabad, Utter Pradesh, Throughout world Kashmir is known as brotherhood, tolerance, cohesive culture, communal hormone India and Kashmiriyat. Sufism is a path of spiritual advancements, an expansion of consciousness, leading to awareness of self and the universe. The substance of Sufism is selfless experiencing and actualization of the truth. The practice of Sufism leads to the development of innate spiritual and intuitive abilities. Keeping in view, the aim of the present study was to explore the nexus between Sufism and Kashmiriyat. Hence from the above discussion, the investigator argued that there is a secular trait in the nature of the term Kashmiriyat. Composite culture, communal harmony and humanistic ethos worked as a bridge between Kashmiriyat and Sufism. It was observed that Kashmiriyat was the gradual outcome of mutual adaptation of various pre-Islamic religious traditions and the great tradition of Islam. Keywords: Sufism, Kashmiriyat, humanistic ethos, composite culture, communal harmony Introduction Sufism is a path of spiritual advancements, an expansion of consciousness, leading to awareness of self and the universe. The substance of Sufism is selfless experiencing and actualization of the truth. The practice of Sufism leads to the development of innate spiritual and intuitive abilities. Sufis are divided into different orders of mystical brotherhood, although they share certain core beliefs. Some Sufis believe in ‘wahdat-al-wujud’ (unity of all existence), finding God in everything, while some Shariah-centric (Shariah: Islamic law), believe in ‘wahdat-al-shuhud’ (unity of all witness), all creatures observing one faith, God being transcendent.
    [Show full text]
  • Magazine-2-3 Final.Qxd (Page 3)
    SUNDAY, AUGUST 23, 2020 (PAGE 3) SACRED SPACE BOOK REVIEW Power of Prayer India's Emerging Future and Disruptive Innovations Dr Vishal Gupta ego, and increases our faith. In due course, energy. These resultant positive energies can Ashok Ogra used for a variety of difference applications creating 'superhumans' or producing tailor regular prayers can help to pacify our shat- be channelised for healing from any disease leading to immersive learning." made babies." Prayer is generally recognised in both tered soul and provide access to the supreme or any emotional distress. Prayers by induc- Is the future all about flying cars, robots, Providing a clue to the 'Classrooms of the Conferred with Padma Shri, Kiran Karnik ancient and modern period as a true supernat- soul. It is also a valuable way of arousing our ing optimistic feelings in us can activate the space odyssey and cyborgs? What about the future,' Kiran predicts movement of educa- describes himself a 'public un-intellectual'- a ural intervention for alleviating illness and divine emotion (bhav) and getting pleasure good genes to fight against any deadly dis- ethical questions that bionic beings and tion from the gurushikshya mode to corpora- non-academic with a strong interest in public promoting good health. All the religions, such from spiritual union with God and the Bliss ease. immortality are bound to throw up? If in the tized entities as exemplified by Byju's. policy and strategy. He has worked in various as Christianity, Islam, Hinduism and Sikhism (Anand) that results from it. It is usually observed that the people who future technology is going to mediate most of He envisages a different technological fields over the last few decades, including the use prayer as a means to communicate with a In the Bhagavad Gita, Lord Krishna gives suffered from some life-threatening illness, our interactions, will it lead to depersonaliza- scenario - a revolutionary, rather than evolu- India's space programme and the television god or deity.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Research Issn: 2249-894X Impact Factor : 5.7631(Uif) Ugc Approved Journal No
    Review of ReseaRch issN: 2249-894X impact factoR : 5.7631(Uif) UGc appRoved JoURNal No. 48514 volUme - 8 | issUe - 9 | JUNe - 2019 SUFISM AND RISHISM: MARKERS OF KASHMIRI IDENTITY Zahied Rehman Ganie Department Of History , Govt. Degree College Bijbehara Anantnag Kashmir. ABSTRACT: Sufi tradition is an important manifestation of Kashmiri identity. Sufis spread message of Islam in Kashmir, which later on shaped the identity of people in Kashmir, using the native idioms. Rishi tradition is an important manifestation of Kashmiri identity. The Rishis spread the message of Islam in Kashmir by using the native idioms. Rishism made unprecedented gains in its founder’s quest for union of faiths in Kashmir. The Rishis enjoyed a distinguished position in the traditional Kashmiri society. The individual conversions and certain cases of group conversions accelerated the process of Islamic acculturation of the commoners. The popular belief of the commoners in the Rishis spiritual powers or efficacy in holiness should not be misconstrued as an important factor in their gradual conversion to Islam. Conversion to Islam, by the Rishis, meant a relative advance in the social status of people. The Rishis were able to promote a fresh understanding of Islamic teachings in a different cultural milieu. KEYWORDS: Sufism, Rishism, Kashmir, Islam, Identity, Culture INTRODUCTION Hinduism and Buddhism. It also had influence on their life in The roots of Syncretic tradition interacted, influenced, many different ways. The Hindus in Kashmir can be traced back amalgated and became the part began to adopt Muslim manners mainly to the Sufi- Rishi of the old culture, civilization and dress.
    [Show full text]