Week 7 of 28 • Page 4 WEEK 7 Name ______Pyramids ACROSS 2. the northern end of the Suez Canal 7. rst e ale pharaoh o ancient g pt 8. la e create uil ing the s an igh a
DOWN 1. this once covere the p ra i s 3. pharaoh with about 100 children 4. oun ing ut s o 5. statue with the body of a lion and the head of a man 6. found the Tomb of the Sons of Ramses II 9. the southern end of the Suez Canal
s ou rea this ee s lesson circle or highlight all proper nouns ith an color pen or highlighter his ill help ou n so e o the cross or ans ers an get rea or this ee s test Hounds and Jackals Build Me a Pyramid ating ac to a out oun s an ac als is a Have you ever wondered what might lie Between its front paws is a partial inscription. moved them to the site, since they didn’t have oar ga e that has een oun in several g ptian to s beneath the desert sands of Egypt? Over time, It tells the story of a young prince who fell asleep the machines we have today. Archaeologists t is so eti es calle he a e o oles lthough no the sand has been slowly giving up some of its by the giant sphinx. In his dream, the sphinx believe workers (not slaves) hauled the stone irections have een oun it appears to e si ilar to hutes an secrets. Thanks to scholars like Jean-Francois told him that if he cleared away the sand from up dirt ramps on wooden sleds with runners. a ers a ga e ou a have pla e hen ou ere ounger Champollion, the world has learned more its body, he would become a powerful ruler of Pushing and dragging, they set the blocks into rchaeologists thin pla ers rolle a ie to ove ve pieces ro about the ancient culture of the Egyptians. Egypt. The rest of the story is missing. position. The stones are so tightly positioned, the holes at the ver top o the oar to the holes near the top Clarity of Expression: Champollion deciphered, or figured out the Of course, time has taken a toll on the giant you can’t even place a knife blade between o the pal tree la ers ove pegs shape li e the hea s o meaning of, the hieroglyphs used by ancient monument. Archaeologists believe the sphinx them. When completed, the entire pyramid was houn s or ac als along the holes in the oar he rst person to Egyptians. Archaeologists are still making was once brightly painted. Some traces of paint covered with white limestone. Over the years, get all ve o their pieces to the top o the tree as the inner Henry Hudson discoveries today, but many mysteries remain can still be seen near one of its ears. Its nose people removed some limestone, but you can r pla ing oun s an ac als ith a partner a e Henry unsolved. and beard were shot off many years ago by still see some of the remaining limestone at its ar ers ve houn hea s an ve ac al hea s hoose ho ill Hudson was This week, we will learn about some of the Turks taking target practice. Erosion from the top. Inside the pyramids were passageways and use hich ar ers an place the at the top o the oar a e an English sea famous rulers of ancient Egypt and some famous constant blowing of desert sand and pollution, chambers for the mummy and its belongings. turns rolling a ie an oving one piece at a ti e ou roll a captain and structures they built. We’ll also learn about especially from automobiles, is causing the stone There was also a shaft for the spirit, called the or ta e an extra turn ove onl on our si e o the oar explorer who some of those hardworking people who helped to crumble. Today, the sphinx is getting a facelift. Ka, to come and go. If you get to a space with a connecting line, you must slide your started off as bring knowledge of the ancient Egyptians to our Efforts are underway to preserve the Great The Great Pyramid of Giza was built around piece to the other en o the line hat s goo i ou get to sli e a failure. He modern world. We call them archaeologists, but Sphinx so future generations can see it guarding 2540 B.C. by Pharaoh Khufu (also called ro to ut not so goo i ou have to sli e ro sailed on two in many ways they are really detectives. Keep the pyramids of Giza. Cheops). It is the only remaining Wonder of the to ne last rule o one reall no s reading to see what they’ve learned about the Ancient World, and it stands about 500 feet tall. how this game was played, so feel free voyages for England to find mysteries of ancient Egypt. Pyramids It covers about the same area as nine football to a e up our o n rules ust e Last week, you learned that pyramids were fields. a northeast sure to agree on them before you Henry Hudson and his ship the The Great Sphinx tombs that held mummies and possessions of the What about all the treasures of the tombs egin to pla water route to “Half Moon.” The Great Sphinx is the oldest existing pharaohs. Since it took years to build a pyramid, and pyramids - the gold, the jewels, the art? the rich spice trade in monument in Egypt. It has the head of a man and pharaohs began their tombs long before they Unfortunately, tomb robbers got there before Asia. But both times the body of a lion and has been around for more hoped they would need them. No one knows archaeologists and took most of the valuables. the icy northern seas blocked his way. He had to than 4,500 years. As centuries passed, wind- how the ancient Egyptians cut 2.5-ton blocks or But one time... well, turn the page and read about return home defeated. blown sands nearly covered it. In 1905, the sand what archaeologists found Sounds like the end of his career, right? It wasn’t. was cleared away to show its huge form. Can in King Tut’s tomb! Hudson next convinced the Dutch East India Company to you imagine how surprised people were to see hire him for exactly the same expedition. In 1609 Hudson how big it really was? From the front of its paws and his crew sailed west across the Atlantic. He reached to the tip of its tail, the monument measures the New World, landing on the island we know today as about 240 feet long. And at 66 feet tall, it’s no Manhattan. He sailed inland up a wide river and explored wonder it’s called the Great Sphinx! the surrounding valley. It wasn’t a passage to Asia. But Hudson’s explorations allowed the Dutch to claim the land and build a fur trading Weinandt. Abu Simbel courtesy Holger post there in 1614, before the Pilgrims arrived. A Dutch settlement called New Netherland soon followed. Unfortunately, Hudson’s last voyage ended in mutiny. He refused his crew’s demands to return home, so the sailors took over the ship, setting Hudson adrift in a small boat. His fate is unknown, but his legacy is Hudson Bay, Hudson River, Hudson Valley and the Dutch settlement that became New York City. Henry Hudson must have had excellent clarity of expression. He had to be able to explain clearly to the Dutch that his experience and determination made him the best man for the job, even though he was an Englishman and not a Dutchman. Think about a time that you wanted to convince your parents or teachers to let you try something new. Did you se an color to circle or highlight three sentences in hich the author beg and plead? Or did you give them a clear explanation use punctuation to separate parenthetical or nonrestrictive in or ation of your reasons? Which way do you think works better?
Cover photos: Great Sphinx courtesy Getty Images/iStockphoto. P age 3 Week 7 of 28 • Page 3 ory Hatshepsut was also known was. He required the workers Hist orld for the many monuments built to carve deeply into the stone W during her reign. Among the so future pharaohs would have Pharaohs most famous are two obelisks difficulty removing his name at the entrance to the Temple of and inscriptions. Howard Carter Karnak. Obelisks are four-sided Although Ramses’ tomb of Egypt pillars topped with a pyramid- was robbed of its treasures, Most people thought shaped block. (The Washington his mummy was found at Deir the i ea o iscovering another tomb in the King Tutankhamen Tut’s early death was not a natural event, the tomb of Ramses VI. Of the 27 tombs in Monument is an obelisk.) These al-Bahari in 1881.Today, you King Tutankhamen (below right), known but murder. An X-ray of his skull done in the Valley of the Kings, King Tut’s was the alle o the ings obelisks were the tallest in the can find the pharaoh, one of the as oolish he to the world as King Tut, ruled ancient 1968 showed that it was fractured. Others only one to still contain his mummy and the world at that time. best preserved mummies ever believed he may have been poisoned. The beautiful treasures placed there for him. thought all the tombs Egypt from 1361 to 1352 B.C. (His name When Thutmose III became found, at the Egyptian Museum had already been is also spelled Tutankhamun.) He became most recent evidence indicates that he died Tut’s mummified body was found inside pharaoh after Hatshepsut’s in Cairo, Egypt. from malaria. a large container called a sarcophagus. unearthe vi ence pharaoh of Egypt at the age of 9. Little is death (about 1482 B.C.), he o ing utan ha en s After Tut died, another pharaoh tried Inside was a wooden coffin covered known about him since his death at age 18 ordered all of the inscriptions Archaeologist tomb was found too meant he ruled for less than a decade. For to destroy any record of his years as a in gold foil. When the lid was opened, that honored his stepmother close to another tomb many years, some archaeologists believed ruler, a common practice at the time. As a another gold-covered coffin was found. to be removed from the Kent Weeks an thought to have result, the existence of King Tut was pretty Inside that coffin was a third coffin made For decades, many Draw a compass rose monuments she had built. just been dropped on this ap much forgotten until of solid gold and weighing more than Perhaps he was angry about archaeologists had gone into grave ro ers 1922. That’s when 200 pounds. Inside, King Tut was found having to wait so long to an Egyptian tomb called KV5 Howard Carter archaeologist Howard under a solid gold death mask wrapped become pharaoh. He smashed and given up after seeing thought other ise Carter discovered his in yards and yards of brittle bandages. her statues and even tried all the debris and rubble. n nglish archaeologist, tomb buried in the About 143 pieces of jewelry were found to stone over her obelisks. American archaeologist Kent Valley of the Kings on his mummy and each of his toes were Weeks decided to investigate Carter was funded Hatshepsut’s mummy was in his search or ing ut or arnarvon near the city of Thebes. individually wrapped in gold. correctly identified in 2007. the area and made one of the The tomb was hidden most amazing discoveries to ter ve ears nothing as oun or arnarvon by rock and rubble date. In 1995, he came upon a was ready to end the search, but Carter begged for one Hatshepsut ore tr n a ater o hit so ething ith his from the discovery of Ramses the Great passageway leading to (at last heel as he tried to make a place to set jars of water for another nearby tomb, First Female Pharaoh, Ramses II (also spelled count) more than 150 rooms. It Rameses or Ramesses) had a the thirst or ers t as a step step in the esert 1503 B.C. is believed that the tomb may sands? Workers began digging and unearthed an entire When Hatshepsut’s husband died, her long rule of almost 67 years, be the resting place for many from 1279-1213 B.C. During stair a en ing ith a seale oor t the entrance to stepson, Thutmose III, was too young to of Ramses the Great’s children. the to as the na e o utan ha en his rule, Egypt regained be pharaoh. It was common for the mother (Written records claim he had arter as traine as an artist an even at a oung of a future pharaoh to take on the duties much of the territory lost about 100.) Although it is age as ascinate g ptian histor e ent to of ruler during his boyhood years and under previous rulers. He re- called the Tomb of the Sons of g pt at the age o or ing as a tracer ac then hold the title of regent. But Hatshepsut conquered what is present day Ramses II, his daughters may tracers copied ancient drawings and writings for people did something unheard of by ancient Turkey, and the lands of Egypt be buried here too. to o urther stu e love his or in the ol to s Egyptians. She announced she would be extended south into the area Archaeologists continue an actuall slept ith the ats in the to s at night the pharaoh. called Nubia. to examine the huge tomb. arter eci e he ante to e an archaeologist hen Hatshepsut ruled for about 22 years. He also loved building things The only way to explore ing ut s to as oun arter too photographs o As pharaoh, she wore men’s clothing and and naming them after himself. much of the tomb is to crawl ever thing an tagge the ite s e ore an thing coul e touche or ove t too hi an his tea seven a false beard. She even became known as Ramses II had more structures through tons of flood debris. ee s ust to clear out the rst roo the antecha er His Majesty. Her rule was marked by trade and statues built than any Every piece of debris must with other nations, especially the Land of other pharaoh. One of the most he to o ing ut eca e a ous or as o be screened for artifacts. today, it is the only tomb found that still contained its Punt (in the area now known as Somalia/ famous was the monument Archaeologists estimate it will at Abu Simbel. The many on er ul treasures an u arter ho ie in Ethiopia). While her reign was mostly take 90 years to excavate all the 1939, also found the remains of Queen Hatshepsut’s stone inscriptions tell what a a time of peace, she also led successful rooms and passageways. to in eir al ahri military expeditions. wonderful pharaoh Ramses
Was King Suez Canal Tut’s tomb cursed? In the 19th century, sailing from Great Britain to India meant sailing all the way Abu Simbel and the Aswan High Dam o e people elieve it as ere s one aroun rica connecting the e iterranean ea an the e ea the ue nee or ore ater an energ le to the version o the curse eath co es on ings uil ing o the s an igh a an the creation o anal cut a out iles o that ourne his an a e ater a as egun to he ho enters the to o a pharaoh a e asser in the s ne pro le ith uil ing in rench engineer er inan e esseps an opene in he canal The story of the curse began with the death the a as that t o te ples calle u i el stretches or al ost iles ro the cit o ort ai on the north to the cit o or arnarvon e as the person ho stoo along the ile he ere uilt or er o o ue on the south t is the orl s longest canal ithout loc s oc s are li e pai or the expe ition to loo or ing ut s a ses the reat ore than ears earlier to oon a ter the oun an opene gates that raise or lo er a oat so it can pass through a canal Temple Ramses II honored the pharaoh himself, the tomb, he was bitten by a mosquito and he o nership an control o the ue anal has cause a lot o conflict et een an e ple e ertari honore his ueen reating ie nu er o other people ho ent the la e oul su erge cover ith ater these countries he canal as o ten close ecause o ghting an ars un en into the to ie too ut o ar arter ancient structures ro g pt s past vehicles unexplo e grena es an other ar e ris ha to e re ove ro the ho actuall un rappe ut s u live assive oving o egan in he t o canal ore than once or an ears a ter ar s s a atter o temples would be cut, and the pieces would be o a the canal is controlle g pt housan s o ships pass through the fact, all 10 people nu ere an put ac together a ove the ne who were there when canal each ear ta ing a out hours to co plete the ourne he slo spee ater level his as no s all tas ach o the the mummy was is to prevent a age to the canal an s re ging achines or constantl to seate u i el statues is as tall as a ve unwrapped were still eep out lo ing esert san s so ships can ove reel through the canal i ou stor uil ing t too our ears to cut the ton alive ears later stones ove the an reasse le the structures know you can see the Suez Canal from outer space? Can you think of a The builders did such a great job that the seams scienti c ans er that in the stones can t e seen ro the outsi e would explain why echnolog save the a an the te ples some, but not all, of the people who entered the tomb became ill and died?
The death of Lord Carnarvon six weeks after the opening of Tutankhamun’s tomb resulted in many curse stories in the press. Week 7 of 28 • Page 4 WEEK 7 Name ______Pyramids ACROSS 2. the northern end of the Suez Canal 7. rst e ale pharaoh o ancient g pt 8. la e create uil ing the s an igh a
DOWN 1. this once covere the p ra i s 3. pharaoh with about 100 children 4. oun ing ut s o 5. statue with the body of a lion and the head of a man 6. found the Tomb of the Sons of Ramses II 9. the southern end of the Suez Canal
s ou rea this ee s lesson circle or highlight all proper nouns ith an color pen or highlighter his ill help ou n so e o the cross or ans ers an get rea or this ee s test Hounds and Jackals Build Me a Pyramid ating ac to a out oun s an ac als is a Have you ever wondered what might lie Between its front paws is a partial inscription. moved them to the site, since they didn’t have oar ga e that has een oun in several g ptian to s beneath the desert sands of Egypt? Over time, It tells the story of a young prince who fell asleep the machines we have today. Archaeologists t is so eti es calle he a e o oles lthough no the sand has been slowly giving up some of its by the giant sphinx. In his dream, the sphinx believe workers (not slaves) hauled the stone irections have een oun it appears to e si ilar to hutes an secrets. Thanks to scholars like Jean-Francois told him that if he cleared away the sand from up dirt ramps on wooden sleds with runners. a ers a ga e ou a have pla e hen ou ere ounger Champollion, the world has learned more its body, he would become a powerful ruler of Pushing and dragging, they set the blocks into rchaeologists thin pla ers rolle a ie to ove ve pieces ro about the ancient culture of the Egyptians. Egypt. The rest of the story is missing. position. The stones are so tightly positioned, the holes at the ver top o the oar to the holes near the top Clarity of Expression: Champollion deciphered, or figured out the Of course, time has taken a toll on the giant you can’t even place a knife blade between o the pal tree la ers ove pegs shape li e the hea s o meaning of, the hieroglyphs used by ancient monument. Archaeologists believe the sphinx them. When completed, the entire pyramid was houn s or ac als along the holes in the oar he rst person to Egyptians. Archaeologists are still making was once brightly painted. Some traces of paint covered with white limestone. Over the years, get all ve o their pieces to the top o the tree as the inner Henry Hudson discoveries today, but many mysteries remain can still be seen near one of its ears. Its nose people removed some limestone, but you can r pla ing oun s an ac als ith a partner a e Henry unsolved. and beard were shot off many years ago by still see some of the remaining limestone at its ar ers ve houn hea s an ve ac al hea s hoose ho ill Hudson was This week, we will learn about some of the Turks taking target practice. Erosion from the top. Inside the pyramids were passageways and use hich ar ers an place the at the top o the oar a e an English sea famous rulers of ancient Egypt and some famous constant blowing of desert sand and pollution, chambers for the mummy and its belongings. turns rolling a ie an oving one piece at a ti e ou roll a captain and structures they built. We’ll also learn about especially from automobiles, is causing the stone There was also a shaft for the spirit, called the or ta e an extra turn ove onl on our si e o the oar explorer who some of those hardworking people who helped to crumble. Today, the sphinx is getting a facelift. Ka, to come and go. If you get to a space with a connecting line, you must slide your started off as bring knowledge of the ancient Egyptians to our Efforts are underway to preserve the Great The Great Pyramid of Giza was built around piece to the other en o the line hat s goo i ou get to sli e a failure. He modern world. We call them archaeologists, but Sphinx so future generations can see it guarding 2540 B.C. by Pharaoh Khufu (also called ro to ut not so goo i ou have to sli e ro sailed on two in many ways they are really detectives. Keep the pyramids of Giza. Cheops). It is the only remaining Wonder of the to ne last rule o one reall no s reading to see what they’ve learned about the Ancient World, and it stands about 500 feet tall. how this game was played, so feel free voyages for England to find mysteries of ancient Egypt. Pyramids It covers about the same area as nine football to a e up our o n rules ust e Last week, you learned that pyramids were fields. a northeast sure to agree on them before you Henry Hudson and his ship the The Great Sphinx tombs that held mummies and possessions of the What about all the treasures of the tombs egin to pla water route to “Half Moon.” The Great Sphinx is the oldest existing pharaohs. Since it took years to build a pyramid, and pyramids - the gold, the jewels, the art? the rich spice trade in monument in Egypt. It has the head of a man and pharaohs began their tombs long before they Unfortunately, tomb robbers got there before Asia. But both times the body of a lion and has been around for more hoped they would need them. No one knows archaeologists and took most of the valuables. the icy northern seas blocked his way. He had to than 4,500 years. As centuries passed, wind- how the ancient Egyptians cut 2.5-ton blocks or But one time... well, turn the page and read about return home defeated. blown sands nearly covered it. In 1905, the sand what archaeologists found Sounds like the end of his career, right? It wasn’t. was cleared away to show its huge form. Can in King Tut’s tomb! Hudson next convinced the Dutch East India Company to you imagine how surprised people were to see hire him for exactly the same expedition. In 1609 Hudson how big it really was? From the front of its paws and his crew sailed west across the Atlantic. He reached to the tip of its tail, the monument measures the New World, landing on the island we know today as about 240 feet long. And at 66 feet tall, it’s no Manhattan. He sailed inland up a wide river and explored wonder it’s called the Great Sphinx! the surrounding valley. It wasn’t a passage to Asia. But Hudson’s explorations allowed the Dutch to claim the land and build a fur trading Weinandt. Abu Simbel courtesy Holger post there in 1614, before the Pilgrims arrived. A Dutch settlement called New Netherland soon followed. Unfortunately, Hudson’s last voyage ended in mutiny. He refused his crew’s demands to return home, so the sailors took over the ship, setting Hudson adrift in a small boat. His fate is unknown, but his legacy is Hudson Bay, Hudson River, Hudson Valley and the Dutch settlement that became New York City. Henry Hudson must have had excellent clarity of expression. He had to be able to explain clearly to the Dutch that his experience and determination made him the best man for the job, even though he was an Englishman and not a Dutchman. Think about a time that you wanted to convince your parents or teachers to let you try something new. Did you se an color to circle or highlight three sentences in hich the author beg and plead? Or did you give them a clear explanation use punctuation to separate parenthetical or nonrestrictive in or ation of your reasons? Which way do you think works better?
Cover photos: Great Sphinx courtesy Getty Images/iStockphoto. P age 3