Notes and References
. Introduction
1. Eng. Translation by E. B. Cowell and A. E. Gough. Chowkhamba Publication , Varanasi (1961 ).
2. Ed. by Kameswarnath Misra, Chowkhamba Sanskrit · Series, Varanasi (1979).
3. Darsanani Sacjevatra mulabhedavyapeksaya Devatatattvabhedena
jnatavyani manisibhih , Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series, · Varanasi
(1979), P. 3 ..
4. Satjdars'anasamuccya, P. 5 and P. 11. cf S. N. Das Gupta, History of Indian ofPhilosophy, Vol. V, Cambridge (1955), P. 9.
5. Bankimchandra Chattopadhyaya, A Popular Literature For Bengal (1970). Adapted from Bhabatosh Dutta, Bangalee Manose Vedanta (in Bengali), Sahityaloke, Calcutta (1986), PP. 2- 3.
6. Ward's report published in 1811 was later utilized by William Adam in his report of 1835. See his The State of Education in Bengal. Ed. By anathnath Basu, C. U. Publications( 1941 ), PP.18-19. 136
7. Dilip Kumar Biswas, "Rammohun Roy and Vedanta". Rammohun Samikhsa ,in Bengali (1983), PP. 131.
8. We have the mind the member of the faction led by Radhakanta Deb.
9. Cultural Heritage of India, Vol. III. Ed. by Haridas Bhattacharya. The Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture (1953), PP .245 - 254. Also in ·Aspects of VedCinta, Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture, Calcutta, (1995), PP. 78-90.
10 "The Religion of the Spirit and the World's need: Fragments of a Confession". In the Philosophy of Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, ed. by P. A. Schilpp, N.Y. (1952), PP. 5-82.
11 Eastern Religions and Western Thought. Oxford: Clarendon Press (1939), P.24.
12 Europe reconsidered-Perceptions ofthe West in Nineteenth Century. Delhi: Oxford University Press (1988), P. 3.
13 Mark, K. and Engels, F., German Ideology inThe Collected Works of Marx and Engels, Vol. V. Lawrence and Wishart Ltd., London (1976), P. 193 ..
14. Ibid, PP. 195-196. 137
Chapter I
1. Brahma S'utra Samkarabhasyam Catulisutri. Ed. by Kameswarnath Misra with introduction and Hindi commentary, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office, Va!·anasi (I 976).
2. See The Complete Works ofSwami Vivekananda, Advaita Ashrama, Calcutta (1992). PP. 357-365.
3. The Master As I Saw Him, Udbodhan, Calcutta (1987),.P. 16.
4. Lindcin: Macmillan (1920).
5. "Brahma Mimansa.", by Ananta Krishna Sastri in Cultural Heritage Of India, Vol. I, Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture, Calcutta -reprint, (1999).
6. SGdhana, Macmillan, India 0"966), P. 47.
7. XIII, 14 .
. Chapter II
1. Rajat Roy, "Introduction", to Rammohun Roy and The Process of Modernisation in India, (henceforth RPM!), Ed. by V. C. Joshi, Delhi: Vikash Publishing House Pvt., Ltd. (1975), P. 3.
2. Selected Works of Raja Rammohun Roy. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, NewDelhi(l977). P. 296. 138
3,. R. W. Frazer, A Literary History .ofIndia. London: T. Fisher Unwin (1898).
4. The English Works of Raja Rammohun Roy. Ed. by Jogendra Chunder Ghosh, Vol. I, Cosmo Publication (1982).
5. Preface to the Is'aponishad. (1816).
6. Ibid.
7. English Tr~nslation of the Mundaka Upanisad. In The English Works ofRaja Rammohun Roy, Vol. 1 (1982), P. 23.
8. Ibid, PP. 135-141.
9. Preface to the Is'aponishad. Tr. by Rammohun Roy (1816).
10. Tract on Monotheistical System.
11. Religious Instruction Founded on Sacred Authorities, (1829). In The . English Works ofRaja Rammohun Roy, Vol. I (1982), PP. 136- 141.
12. Sumit Sarkar, "Rammohun Roy and the Break with the Pastt, in RPM!, Ed. by V. C. Joshi, Delhi. Vikash Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.. (1975), P. 3.
13. The Brahmanical Magazine, No. 1, Calcutta, In The English Works ofRaja Rammohun Roy, Vol. I I (1982), P. 146.
14. Rammohun Roy and Tuhfatul Muwahhiddin, Kishori Chund Mitter and Rammohun Roy, K. P. Bagchi & Co. (1975), PP. 49-70. 139
15. "Rammohun Roy and The Bengal Renaissance An . Historiographical Essay." In RPMI. Ed. by V. C. Joshi, Delhi. Vikash Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. (1975), PP. 17-45.
16. Mohitlal Majumdar, Banglar Nabajug. Vidyadayo Library, Calcutta (1965), P. 65.
17. The English Works ofRaja Rammohun Roy, Vol. I. Ed. by Jogendra ChunderGhosh, Cosmo Publication (1982), P. 5.
18. Ibid,P.21.
19. Bharat Pathik Rammohun, Visva Bharati, Calcutta, (1959).
20. V. Brodor, Indian Philosophy in Modern Times, Progress Publishers (1984), P. 145.
Chapter--III
· 1. Ashish Nandy The Intimate Enemy: Delhi Oxford University Press (1983), P. 23.
2. Bankim Rahana Valee, in Bengali, Vol. I with an Introduction by Jogesh Chandra Bagal, Calcutta, Sahitya Samsad (1958), PP. 715- 88.
3. The Renaissance in India, Aurobindo Ashram, Pandicheryi (1986), PP. 27-28. 140
4. Complete Workof Swami Vivekananda, Vol. I. Advaita Ashrama; Calcutta (1992), P. 132.
5. Ibid, P. 374.
6. Brahma S'utra Samkarabhasyain , 1.1.4. P. 79, lines 7 off.
7. Ibid, 1.1.4, P. 79, line 1.
8. · Ibid, 1.1.4, P. 64, lines 2 and 4. and also in other places ofthe same work.
9. Brhadiiranakya Upani~ad, P. 798, lines 19 off.
10. 'Practical Vedanta', Part I, Complete Works, Vol. II, P. 294.
11. Con'lplete Works, Vol. I.I (1992), P. 336.
12. Ibid, Vol. I. P. 388.
13. Lac czt.L
14. Complete Works, Vol. I., P. 389.
15. Lac cit.
16. Complete Works, Vol. I., P. 291.
17. Complete Works, Vol. II., P. 304.
18. Lac cit
19. Complete Works, Vol. II., P. 299. ' 141 "
Chapter IV
1. The Aurobindo Library, The Greystone Press, New York ( 1949), p. 4.
2. Ibid, P.5.
3 . Ibid, p. 15.
4. Ibid, P.63.
I 5. Isha Upani~ad, P.l.
6. Ibid, P:9.
7. Ibid.P.11.
8. Ibid, P.40,
9. Lac cit.
10. Ibzd,P.72.
11. Ibid, PP.75-76.
I 2. "The Life Divine": A Commentary on the Isba Upanishad, (Henceforth "LD") Sri Aurobindo Pathamandir, Calcutta, (1981), P.6.
13. Ibid, P.7.
14. Loc.cit.
I 5 ... "L. D.", p.8.
16. Ibid, P.9, footnote.
17. Ibid, PP.9-10. 142
18. Ibid, p.l2.
19. Ibid, P.23.
20. Loc cit.
21.. "L. D.", P.30.
22. Ibid, P.69.
23. Ibid, P.66.
24. Ibid, P.67.
25. Ibid, P.64.
26. Ibid, P.54.
27. Bengali tr.by Jyotirindranath Tagore, HarafPrakasani,(1949).
28. Macmillan Co. India, (1979).Chapters I and VI in particular.
29. "L. D.", P. 59.
30. Ibid, P.63.
31. Loc cit.
32. Loc cit.
33. "L. D.", P.64.
34. Ibid, P.65. 143
Chapter V
' "The Advaita and its Cultural Significance"in Cultural Heritage of India, The. Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture, Calcutta (1953), PP.245-54, and also in Aspects of Vedanta, Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture, Calcutta, (1995), PP.78-90.
2. Aspects ofVedanta, P.78,
3. Ibid, P.79.
4. ·Ibid, P.82.
5. Lac cit.
6. Lac cit.
7. . Aspects of Vedanta, p.82.
8. Ibid, p.83.
9. Lac cit.
10. Lac cit
11. Dasgupta and Co. Calcutta (long out of print).
12. Aspects of Vedanta, P.84.
13. Lac cit.
14. Rabindranath Tagore, Gllanjali, in Collected Poems and Plays of Rabindranath Tagore, Mcmillan and Co. Ltd. Great Britain, (1958), poem No. VII. 144
15 Aspects of Vedanta P .84.
16. "The Concept of Philosophy", in Contemporary Indian Philosophy, (eds.), Radhakrishnan and Muirhead, George Allen and Unwin, London, ( 1960).
' 17. Compare Tagore's comment : "Poetry naturally falls within the scope of a philosopher, when his reason is illumined into a vision." Presidential address to the first session of the Indian Philosophical Congress, Calcutta, 1926. Reprinted in Angel of Surplus, (ed.) Sisirkumar Ghosl1, VisvaBharati Publication, Calcutta, 1978.
18. Aspects of Vedanta, P.85.
19. Chapter XVIII.
20. Bhagavad Gtfa, (tr.) Swami Prabhananda and Christoper Isherwood, Sri Ramakrishna Math, Madras, 1980.
21. Delivered as farewell address to the students of the Hoogly Mahasin College,Hoogly, !947.Reprinted in the Indian Philosophical Quarterly, Vol. XI, No.4, (1984), p. 507.
Chapter VI
1 In his atiicle, "The Spirit in Man" in Contemporary Indian Philosophy. (eds.) S. Radhakrishnan and J.H. Muirhead, London: George Allen and Unwin, ( 1960). I 145
2. Eastern Religios and Western Thought, London:Oxford University
Press,( 11940), pp.37-3 8.
3. Preface to the Brahma Sutra, London:George Allen and Unwin,( 1960), p. 7.
4. Ibid, p.8.
5. Loc. cit. However, in an interview with Mulk Raj Anaild Radhalaishnan admits his catholicity. of thought in philosophy. Sahitya Akademi's Literary Bi-monthly, No. 127, (1988), p.19.
6. Preface to the Brahma Sutra, p.12.
7. An Idealist View of Life, London:George Allen and Unwin, (1957), pp.1 0 and 11.
8. Ibid, p.11
9. "The Spirit in Man", m Contemporary Indian Philosophy, (eds) S. Radhalaishan and J. H. Muirhead, London:George Allen and
Unwin,(l960), P.484~
10. An Idealist View ofLife, London: George Allen and Unwin, P.16.
11. Ibid, pp.14-15.
12. Idealist Thought in India, London: George Allen and Unwin, (1957), p.69.
13. An Idealist View of Life, London : George Allen and Unwin, (1957), p.80. 146
14. Contemporary Indian Philosophy, (eds) S. Radhakrishnan and J. H ..Muirhead, London: George Allen and Unwin, (1960), p. 492.
15. London:George Allen and Unwin,(l957), p.205.
16. Ibid, p.80.
I 7. "Education and Spiritual f-reedom", in Radhakrishnan Reader, (eds), Munshi and Diwakar, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ( 1988), p.50 1.
18. .President Radhakrishnan 's Speeches and Writings, Second series, Govt. of India Publication Division, New Delhi, (1969), p.93. In his address to the Sixth International Congress of Philosophy at Harvard in 1926 he said, observing the disappearance of old ideals, "The new ideals have not come i[\to being. Here i"s the chance of philosophy. Are we to drift, waiting for something to turn up or place ourselves to the good of the community?"
19. Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion, Vol.III (trs), E.B.Speirs and J. B. Sanderson, London, (1995), p.353.
20. "Fellowship of the Spirits", in Radhakrishnan Reader, (eds) Munshi and Diwakar, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, (1988), p.501. /
21. An Idealist View of Life, Lortdon:George Allen and Unwin, (1957),p.306. Also Indian Philosophy, Vol.II, London:George Allen and Unwin, (1977), pp.642 off.
22. III.iii.32, yavad-adhikaram.avasthithir adhikarikanam. 147
?.., _.). The Brahma-Siltra, (tr. with commentary)S. Radhakrishnan, London George Allen and Unwin, (1960), p.487.
24. The Bhagavad Gita (tr.), S. Radhakrishnan, London:George Allen and Unwin,( 1948), p.48.
25. (Tr. and ed.) S. Radhakrishnan, London: George Allen and Unwin, (1953), p.65.
26. The Baghavad Gita (tr.) S. Radhakrishnan, London:Ggeorge Allen and Unwin, (1948),p.67.
27. Ibid, p.76.
· 28. Indian Philosophy, Vol..I. London : George Allen and Unwin, (1977), p.189.
29. Ibid, p.l90.
30. "Six Meanings of Maya" in Maya in Radhakrishnan 's Thought, D.A. Braue, Motilal Benarasi Dass, Delhi, (1984), pp.lOl-35.
31. "Reply to My Critics"in The Philosophy of Sarvepalli. Radhakrishnan, (ed.) by P.A.Schilpp, New York: Tudor Publishing Co.(l952), P.lOO.
32. An Idealist View of Life, London:George Allen and Unwin, (1957), p.l37.
33. Ibid, P. 22. 148
34. The Hindu View of Life, London: George Allen and Unwin (1957),p.31.
3 5 Indian Philosophy, Vol. I, London: George Allen and Unwin (1977), p.168.
Chapter VII
1.- A. K. Majumdar, "Religion ofRammohun Roy" in Rommohun Roy and the Process of Modernisation in India, Ed. V. C. Joshi,. Vikash Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. Delhi (1975),
2. Selection from the Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda,. Advaita. Ashrama, Calcutta (1987), P. 384
3. Aspects o,{Vedanta. P. 86.
4. Ibid, P. 38.
5. "Bartaman Bharat ", U dbodhan, Calcutta, P. 3 3.
6. Complete Works, Vol. V. Advaita Ashrama, Mayavati (1973), P. 104; Vol. I, pp. 362-4, Vol.. II (1971) PP. 247-8 etc.
7. Ibid, Vol.II,(1971), PP. 274.-6 ..
8. London: George Allen and Unwin (1951), P.654.
9. Ibid, P.658.
10. Ibid, P.588.
11.. Ibid, P.567-8 149
12 Selections From the Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda , Advaita Aslu:ama, Calcutta ( 1987), P :265.
13. The L[fe Divine, Aurobindo Ashrama, Pondicherry P.59.
14. Ibid, P.60.
15. Lac cit.
16. Loc.cit.
IT The Life Divine, P .62.
18. Ibid, P.63.
19. Ibid, P.64.
20. Ibid, PP.64-65
21. Ibid, P.65
22. Ibid.
23. Ibid, P.66.
24. Ibid.