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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2002/0061854A1 Ahotupa Et Al

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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2002/0061854A1 Ahotupa Et Al US 2002006 1854A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2002/0061854A1 Ahotupa et al. (43) Pub. Date: May 23, 2002 (54) PREVENTION OF CANCERS, NON-CANCER, Related U.S. Application Data HORMONE DEPENDENT DISEASES AND CARDOWASCULAR DISEASES BY USE OF (63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 09/829,944, HYDROXYMATAIRESINOL, AND A filed on Apr. 11, 2001, which is a continuation of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION, FOOD application No. 09/281,094, filed on Mar. 30, 1999. ADDITIVE AND FOOD PRODUCT COMPRISING HYDROXYMATAIRESINOL Publication Classification (76) Inventors: Markku Ahotupa, Turku (FI); Christer (51) Int. Cl." .......................... A61K 31/70; A61K 35/78 Eckerman, Turku (FI); Lauri Kangas, (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................. 514/22; 424/770 Lieto (FI); Sari Makela, Turku (FI); (57) ABSTRACT Nina Saarinen, Merimasku (FI); Risto Santti, Naantali (FI); Anni Warri, This invention relates to methods for prevention of cancers, certain non-cancer, hormone dependent diseases and/or car Lieto (FI) diovascular diseases in a perSon, based on administering of Correspondence Address: hydroxymatairesinol to Said perSon. The invention also James C. Lydon concerns a method for increasing the level of enterolactone Suite 100 or another metabolite of hydroxymatairesinol in a perSon's 100 Daingerfield Road Serum thereby causing prevention of a cancer or a certain Alexandria, VA 22314 (US) non-cancer, hormone dependent disease in a perSon, based on administering of hydroxymatairesinol to Said perSon. (21) Appl. No.: 09/972,850 Furthermore, this invention relates to pharmaceutical prepa rations, food additives and food products comprising (22) Filed: Oct. 10, 2001 hydroxymatairesinol. Patent Application Publication May 23, 2002 Sheet 1 of 5 US 2002/0061854 A1 He--- seO &O(O 3. 3 5 s 8 S3 uO2 eZ) euole JO (%) uoduu Patent Application Publication May 23, 2002 Sheet 2 of 5 US 2002/0061854 A1 Patent Application Publication May 23, 2002 Sheet 3 of 5 US 2002/0061854 A1 Relative uterus weight (mg/kg body weight) of immature rats treated with HMR or MPV-2213ad. * Significantly different from control 70 60 50 40 30 10 O - COntrol PEG HMR 50 mg/kg MPV-2213 ad 10 mg/kg doses (mg/kg) FIG. 3 Patent Application Publication May 23, 2002 Sheet 4 of 5 US 2002/0061854 A1 100 75 50 25 O -n- USD+PR-CR Control HMR 3.0 HMR 15 (%) (%) (%) FIG. 4 Patent Application Publication May 23, 2002 Sheet 5 of 5 US 2002/0061854 A1 Ç'0IH 000|| 11.-OO!» 002 US 2002/0061854 A1 May 23, 2002 PREVENTION OF CANCERS, NON-CANCER, 0005 The chemical structure of hydroxymatairesinol is HORMONE DEPENDENT DISEASES AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES BY USE OF HYDROXYMATAIRESINOL, AND A PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION, FOOD ADDITIVE AND FOOD PRODUCT COMPRISING HYDROXYMATAIRESINOL FIELD OF THE INVENTION 0001. This invention relates to methods for prevention of cancers, certain non-cancer, hormone dependent diseases and/or cardiovascular diseases in a perSon, based on admin istering of hydroxymatairesinol to Said perSon. The inven tion also concerns a method for increasing the level of 0006 Lignans can be isolated e.g. from compression enterolactone or another metabolite of hydroxymatairesinol wood fiber. These fibers originate from compression wood in a perSon's Serum thereby causing prevention of a cancer of stems and knots (oversize chip fraction) worsen the or a certain non-cancer, hormone dependent disease in a quality of paper (Ekman, 1976). perSon, based on administering of hydroxymatairesinol to 0007 Plant lignans such as matairesinol and secoisolar Said perSon. Furthermore, this invention relates to pharma iciresinol, are converted by gut microflora to mammalian ceutical preparations, food additives and food products lignans, enterolactone and enterodiol, correspondingly comprising hydroxymatairesinol. (Axelson et al. 1982). They undergo an enterohepatic cir culation and are excreted in the urine as glucuronide con BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION jugates (Axelson and Setchell, 1981). As an experimental evidence for the chemopreventive actions of lignans, Supple 0002 The publications and other materials used herein to mentation of a high-fat diet with lignan-rich flaxseed flour illuminate the background of the invention, and in particular, (5% or 10%) or flaxseed lignans (secoisolariciresinol-dig cases to provide additional details respecting the practice, lycoside, SDG) prevented the development of antiestrogen are incorporated by reference. sensitive DMBA-induced breast cancer in the rat (Serraino 0.003 Lignans are defined as a class of phenolic com and Thompson 1991 and 1992; Thompson et al. 1996a and pounds possessing a 2,3-dibenzylbutane skeleton. They are 1996b). They reduced the epithelial cell proliferation, nuclear aberrations, the growth of tumors, and the develop formed by coupling of monomeric units called precursors ment of new tumors. High lignan intake may also protect Such as cinnamic acid, caffeic, ferulic, coumaric, and gallic against experimental prostate and colon cancers. Dietary rye acids (Ayres and Loike, 1990). Lignans are widely distrib (containing lignans), prevented at early stages the growth of uted in plants. They can be found in different parts (roots, transplanted Dunning R3327 prostatic adenocarcinomas in leafs, stem, seeds, fruits) but mainly in Small amounts. In rats (Zhang et al. 1997; Landström et al. 1998). The per many Sources (seeds, fruits) lignans are found as glycosidic centage of animals bearing palpable tumors, the tumor conjugates associated with fiber component of plants. The Volume, and the growth rate were Significantly lower. Fur most common dietary Sources of mammalian lignan precur ther, flaxseed or SDG supplementation inhibited the forma Sors are unrefined grain products. The highest concentra tion of chemically induced aberrant crypts in rat colon tions in edible plants have been found in flaxseed, followed (Serraino and Thompson 1992; Jenab and Thompson 1996). by unrefined grain products, particularly rye. Mammalian The antitumor action may therefore be due to weak estro lignan production from different plant food are given in gen-antiestrogen-like properties and/or other mechanisms, Table 1. which are not well understood. 0004 Considerable amounts of lignans are also found in 0008 Urinary excretion and serum concentrations of enterolactone are low in women diagnosed with breast coniferous trees. The type of lignans differs in different cancer (Ingram et al. 1997; Hultén et al. 1998) suggesting Species and the amounts of lignans vary in different parts of that lignans are chemopreventive. Mammalian lignans the trees. The typical lignans in heart wood of Spruce (Picea (enterolactone and enterodiol) have been hypothesized to abies) are hydroxymatairesinol (HMR), (C-conidendrin, modulate hormone-related cancers, Such as breast cancer, conidendrinic acid, matairesinol, isolariciresinol, Secoisola because of their structural Similarities to the estrogens. riciresinol, liovile, picearesinol, lariciresinol and pinoresinol Enterolactone had weak estrogenic potency in MCF-7 cells (Ekman 1979). The far most abundant single component of (Mousavi and Adlercreutz 1992), but had no estrogenic lignans in Spruce is HMR, about 60 percent of total lignans, response in mouse uterine weight (Setchell et al. 1981). As which occurs mainly in unconjugated free form. Lignan a sign of estrogen-like activity, SDG feeding during preg concentration in thick roots is 2-3 percent. Abundance of nancy and lactation to rats increased the uterine weight at lignans occur in the heart wood of branches (5-10 percent) weaning but the effect was not evident at later stages (Tou and twists and especially in the knots, where the amount of et al. 1998). Possible antitumor effects have also been lignans may be higher than 10 percent (Ekman, 1976 and associated with their antiestrogenic actions (Waters and 1979). These concentrations are about hundred-fold com Knowler, 1982). The inhibition of aromatase by mammalian pared to ground flax powder known as lignan-rich material. lignan, enterolactone, would Suggest a mechanism by which US 2002/0061854 A1 May 23, 2002 consumption of lignan-rich plant food might contribute to other lignan that is efficiently converted to enterolactone, reduction of estrogen-dependent diseases, Such as breast and can be produced/isolated in large quantities would be cancer (Adlercreutz et al. 1993, Wang et al. 1994). The valuable in the development of pharmaceutical preparations potential antioxidant activity of lignans could also represent and food products Such as functional foods for chemopre a mechanism associated with the preventive action of lign vention of cancer and other hormone-related diseases and anS in the development of cancers. Further, mammalian cardiovascular diseases. lignans have shown to inhibit the conversion of testosterone to 5C-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), the potent intracellular SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION androgen, at the concentrations which are achievable in 0012. According to one aspect, this invention concerns a humans (Evans et al. 1995). The reduction in DHT concen method for prevention of a cancer, a certain non-cancer, tration would modify the risk of prostate cancer (PC) and hormone dependent disease and/or a cardiovascular disease benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). in a person comprising administering to Said perSon an 0009. It is possible that lignans as precursors of entero effective amount of hydroxymatairesinol, a geometric iso lactone could also alleviate lower
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